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Journal articles on the topic 'Geomagnetic signatures'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zerbo, Jean-Louis, Frédéric Ouattara, Christine Amory Mazaudier, Jean-Pierre Legrand, and John D. Richardson. "Solar Activity, Solar Wind and Geomagnetic Signatures." Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 03, no. 04 (2013): 610–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/acs.2013.34063.

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2

Sutcliffe, P. R. "Modelling the Ionospheric Signatures of Geomagnetic Pulsations." Journal of geomagnetism and geoelectricity 46, no. 11 (1994): 1011–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5636/jgg.46.1011.

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3

Arora, Kusumita, and Rahul Prajapati. "Patterns of Seismo-Electromagnetic Signatures of Moderate Earthquakes in Diverse Tectonic Settings." Journal Of The Geological Society Of India 101, no. 6 (2025): 815–20. https://doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/2025/174166.

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ABSTRACT Signatures of seismic and volcanic phenomena have been found in electromagnetic emissions of whole regions of lithosphere, atmosphere, and ionosphere from ground and satellite based observations: subionospheric VLF/LF propagation signals and TEC from upper ionosphere, ULF/ELF transients (or Q bursts), Schumann resonance (SR), ULF magnetic field depression, Pc1 pulsations, and VLF electromagnetic emissions. Anomalous fluctuations in the geomagnetic and electric DC observations also provide consistent signatures of pre-earthquake processes. We discuss the current trends in this research

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4

Masci, F. "On the multi-fractal characteristics of the ULF geomagnetic field before the 1993 Guam earthquake." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 1 (2013): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-187-2013.

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Abstract. Ida et al. (2005) document significant changes in the multi-fractal parameters of the ULF geomagnetic field H component starting about one month before the 1993 Guam earthquake. According to the authors, these multi-fractal signatures can be considered as precursory signals of the Guam earthquake. As a consequence, they conclude that the multi-fractal analysis may have an important role in the development of short-term earthquake prediction capabilities. Since this and other similar reports have motivated the idea that earthquake prediction based on electromagnetic precursory signals

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5

Kullen, A., S. Ohtani, and T. Karlsson. "Geomagnetic signatures of auroral substorms preceded by pseudobreakups." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 114, A4 (2009): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008ja013712.

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6

Alex, S., S. Mukherjee, and G. S. Lakhina. "Geomagnetic signatures during the intense geomagnetic storms of 29 October and 20 November 2003." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 68, no. 7 (2006): 769–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2006.01.003.

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7

Lam, H. L., D. H. Boteler, and L. Trichtchenko. "Case studies of space weather events from their launching on the Sun to their impacts on power systems on the Earth." Annales Geophysicae 20, no. 7 (2002): 1073–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-20-1073-2002.

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Abstract. Active geomagnetic conditions on 12–13, 15–16, and 22–23 September 1999 resulted in geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) measurable in power systems in Canada and the United States. Different solar origins for these three events gave rise to dissimilar interplanetary signatures. We used these events to present three case studies, each tracing an entire space weather episode from its inception on the Sun, propagation through the interplanetary medium, manifestation on the ground as intense magnetic and electric fluctuations, and its eventual impact on technological systems.Key words

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8

Prajapati, Rahul, and Kusumita Arora. "Fractal analysis of geomagnetic data to decipher pre-earthquake processes in the Andaman–Nicobar region, India." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 32, no. 1 (2025): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-32-1-2025.

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Abstract. Seismo-electromagnetic (SEM) signatures recorded in geomagnetic data prior to an earthquake have the potential to reveal pre-earthquake processes in focal zones. The present study analyses the vertical component of geomagnetic field data from March 2019 to April 2020 using fractal and multifractal approaches to identify the EM signatures in Campbell Bay (CBY), a seismically active region of Andaman and Nicobar. The significant enhancements in monofractal dimension and spectrum width components of multifractal analysis arise due to superpositioned high- and low-frequency SEM field emi

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9

Olawepo, A. O., and J. O. Adeniyi. "Signatures of strong geomagnetic storms in the equatorial latitude." Advances in Space Research 53, no. 7 (2014): 1047–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2014.01.012.

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10

Rawat, R., S. Alex, and G. S. Lakhina. "Low-latitude geomagnetic signatures during major solar energetic particle events of solar cycle-23." Annales Geophysicae 24, no. 12 (2006): 3569–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-3569-2006.

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Abstract. The frequency of occurrence of disruptive transient processes in the Sun is enhanced during the high solar activity periods. Solar cycle-23 evidenced major geomagnetic storm events and intense solar energetic particle (SEP) events. The SEP events are the energetic outbursts as a result of acceleration of heliospheric particles by solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The present work focuses on the geomagnetic variations at equatorial and low-latitude stations during the four major SEP events of 14 July 2000, 8 November 2000, 24 September 2001 and 4 November 2001. These eve

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11

Pryse, S. E., A. M. Smith, I. K. Walker, and L. Kersley. "Multi-instrument study of footprints of magnetopause reconnection in the summer ionosphere." Annales Geophysicae 18, no. 9 (2000): 1118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-1118-3.

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Abstract. Results are presented from a multi-instrument investigation of the signatures of equatorial reconnection in the summer, sunlit ionosphere. Well-established ion dispersion signatures measured during three DMSP satellite passes were used to identify footprints in ionospheric observations made by radio tomography, and both the EISCAT ESR and mainland radars. Under the prevalent conditions of southward IMF with the Bz component increasing in magnitude, the reconnection footprint was seen to move equatorward through the ESR field-of-view. The most striking signature was in the electron te

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12

Masci, F. "Brief communication "On the recent reaffirmation of ULF magnetic earthquakes precursors"." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 8 (2011): 2193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-2193-2011.

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Abstract. Hayakawa et al. (2009) and Hayakawa (2011) have recently reviewed some "anomalous" ULF signatures in the geomagnetic field which previous publications have claimed to be earthquake precursors. The motivation of this review is "to offer a further support to the definite presence of those anomalies". Here, these ULF precursors are reviewed once again. This brief communication shows that the reviewed anomalies do not "increase the credibility on the presence of electromagnetic phenomena associated with an earthquake" since these anomalous signals are actually caused by normal geomagneti

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13

Martin, Jr., R. F., R. Fricke, and T. W. Speiser. "Modeled Particle Signatures of Magnetic Structures in the Geomagnetic Tail." Journal of geomagnetism and geoelectricity 48, no. 5 (1996): 809–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5636/jgg.48.809.

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14

Masci, Fabrizio. "On claimed ULF seismogenic fractal signatures in the geomagnetic field." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 115, A10 (2010): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010ja015311.

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15

Syed Zafar, S. N. A., Roslan Umar, N. H. Sabri, et al. "A statistical analysis of the relationship between Pc4 and Pc5 ULF waves, solar winds and geomagnetic storms for predicting earthquake precursor signatures in low latitude regions." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 880, no. 1 (2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/880/1/012010.

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Abstract Short-term earthquake forecasting is impossible due to the seismometer’s limited sensitivity in detecting the generation of micro-fractures prior to an earthquake. Therefore, there is a strong desire for a non-seismological approach, and one of the most established methods is geomagnetic disturbance observation. Previous research shows that disturbances in the ground geomagnetic field serves as a potential precursor for earthquake studies. It was discovered that electromagnetic waves (EM) in the Ultra-Low Frequency (ULF) range are a promising tool for studying the seismomagnetic effec

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16

Srivastava, Nandita, Zavkiddin Mirtoshev, and Wageesh Mishra. "Geomagnetic Consequences of Interacting CMEs of June 13-14, 2012." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S335 (2017): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921317010857.

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AbstractWe have studied the consequences of interacting coronal mass ejections (CMEs) of June 13-14, 2012 which were directed towards Earth and caused a moderate geomagnetic storm with Dst index ~ −86 nT. We analysed the in-situ observations of the solar wind plasma and magnetic field parameters obtained from the OMNI database for these CMEs. The in-situ observations show that the interacting CMEs arrive at Earth with the strongest (~ 150 nT) Sudden Storm Commencement (SSC) of the solar cycle 24. We compared these interacting CMEs to a similar interaction event which occurred during November 9

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17

Masci, F. "Comment on "Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) European multi station magnetic field analysis before and during the 2009 earthquake at L'Aquila regarding regional geotechnical information" by Prattes et al. (2011)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, no. 5 (2012): 1717–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-1717-2012.

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Abstract. Prattes et al. (2011) report ULF magnetic anomalous signals claiming them to be possibly precursor of the 6 April 2009 MW = 6.3 L'Aquila earthquake. This comment casts doubts on the possibility that the observed magnetic signatures could have a seismogenic origin by showing that these pre-earthquake signals are actually part of normal global geomagnetic activity.

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18

Masci, F., and J. N. Thomas. "Review Article: On the relation between the seismic activity and the Hurst exponent of the geomagnetic field at the time of the 2000 Izu swarm." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 9 (2013): 2189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-2189-2013.

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Abstract. Many papers document the observation of earthquake-related precursory signatures in geomagnetic field data. However, the significance of these findings is ambiguous because the authors did not adequately take into account that these signals could have been generated by other sources, and the seismogenic origin of these signals have not been validated by comparison with independent datasets. Thus, they are not reliable examples of magnetic disturbances induced by the seismic activity. Hayakawa et al. (2004) claim that at the time of the 2000 Izu swarm the Hurst exponent of the Ultra-L

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19

Masci, F., and J. N. Thomas. "Review "On the relation between the seismic activity and the Hurst exponent of the geomagnetic field at the time of the 2000 Izu swarm"." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 1, no. 2 (2013): 681–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-1-681-2013.

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Abstract. Many papers document the observation of earthquake-related precursory signatures in geomagnetic field data. However, the significance of these findings is ambiguous because the authors did not adequately take into account that these signals could have been generated by other sources, and the seismogenic origin of these signals have not been validated by comparison with independent datasets. Thus, they are not reliable examples of magnetic disturbances induced by the seismic activity. Hayakawa et al. (2004) claim that at the time of the 2000 Izu swarm the Hurst exponent of the Ultra-L

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20

Kleimenova, N. G., O. V. Kozyreva, K. Kauristie, J. Manninen, and A. Ranta. "Case studies on the dynamics of Pi3 geomagnetic and riometer pulsations during auroral activations." Annales Geophysicae 20, no. 2 (2002): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-20-151-2002.

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Abstract. A sequence of three subsequent auroral activations (at 18:10, 19:48 and 20:00 UT) on 9 February 1997 is analysed. The brightenings of optical auroras were collocated with latitudinally localized bursts of pulsating riometer absorption and Pi3 geomagnetic pulsations. In two of the cases, the strongest westward directed electrojet currents and the footpoint of the upward directed field-aligned currents related to the auroral brightening were observed in the same region as the largest amplitude of the pulsations and their polarization changed. In the third case, field-aligned current si

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21

Kelley, M. C., F. Garcia, J. Makela, et al. "Highly structured tropical airglow and TEC signatures during strong geomagnetic activity." Geophysical Research Letters 27, no. 4 (2000): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999gl900598.

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22

Dmitriev, A. V., and H. C. Yeh. "Geomagnetic signatures of sudden ionospheric disturbances during extreme solar radiation events." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 70, no. 15 (2008): 1971–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2008.05.008.

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23

Sutcliffe, P. R., and M. J. Jarvis. "The phase relationships of the ionospheric signatures of Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations." Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics 58, no. 15 (1996): 1783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00183-2.

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24

Seppälä, A., H. Lu, M. A. Clilverd, and C. J. Rodger. "Geomagnetic activity signatures in wintertime stratosphere wind, temperature, and wave response." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118, no. 5 (2013): 2169–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50236.

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25

Sharma, Rahul, Nandita Srivastava, and D. Chakrabarty. "Role of filament plasma remnants in ICMEs leading to geomagnetic storms." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 8, S300 (2013): 493–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921313011708.

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AbstractWe studied three interplanetary coronal mass ejections associated with solar eruptive filaments. Filament plasma remnants embedded in these structures were identified using plasma, magnetic and compositional signatures. These features when impacted the Earth's terrestrial magnetosphere - ionosphere system, resulted in geomagnetic storms. During the main phase of associated storms, along with high density plasma structures, polarity reversals in the Y-component (dawn-to-dusk) of the interplanetary electric field seem to trigger major auroral substorms with concomitant changes in the pol

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26

Poornachandra Rao, G. V. S., and M. S. Bhalla. "Magnetostratigraphy of Vindhyan Supergroup." Journal Geological Society of India 47, no. 1 (1996): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/1996/470114.

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Abstract In the absence of conventional radiometric dating and fossil evidence, magnetostratigraphy is considered to be a very powerful tool to correlate rock formations. Often the magnetozones are used as bench marks in correlation of rocks as the geomagnetic field reversals are ubiquitously synchronous. The Vindhyan sedimentation in the Indian stratigraphy represents a very important time period between 1400-400Ma with lithounits quite suitable for recovering the geomagnetic field signatures. With the recently obtained results from the Senui Group, palaeomagnetic field during the main Vindhy

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27

Heinemann, Stephan G., Chaitanya Sishtla, Simon Good, Maxime Grandin, and Jens Pomoell. "Classification of Enhanced Geoeffectiveness Resulting from High-speed Solar Wind Streams Compressing Slower Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections." Astrophysical Journal Letters 963, no. 1 (2024): L25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad283a.

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Abstract High-speed solar wind streams (HSSs) interact with the preceding ambient solar wind to form stream interaction regions (SIRs), which are a primary source of recurrent geomagnetic storms. However, HSSs may also encounter and subsequently interact with interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). In particular, the impact of the interaction between slower ICMEs and faster HSSs represents an unexplored area that requires further in-depth investigation. This specific interaction can give rise to unexpected geomagnetic storm signatures, diverging from the conventional expectations of ind

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28

Hall, C. M. "Complexity signatures in the geomagnetic H component recorded by the Tromsø magnetometer (70° N, 19° E) over the last ¼ century." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics Discussions 1, no. 1 (2014): 895–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npgd-1-895-2014.

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Abstract. Solar disturbances, depending on the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field, typically result in perturbations of the geomagnetic field as observed by magnetometers on the ground. Here, the geomagnetic field's horizontal component, as measured by the ground-based observatory-standard magnetometer at Tromsø (70° N, 19° E) is examined for signatures of complexity. 25 year-long 10 s resolution datasets are analysed, but for fluctuations with timescales less than 1 day. Quantile-quantile (Q-Q) plots are employed first, revealing the fluctuations are better represented by Cauchy

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29

Wright, Andrew N., and W. Allan. "Simulations of Alfvén waves in the geomagnetic tail and their auroral signatures." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 113, A2 (2008): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007ja012464.

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30

Slavin, J. A., D. N. Baker, J. D. Craven, et al. "CDAW 8 observations of plasmoid signatures in the geomagnetic tail: An assessment." Journal of Geophysical Research 94, A11 (1989): 15153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ja094ia11p15153.

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31

Kasatkina, E. A., O. I. Shumilov, M. J. Rycroft, F. Marcz, and A. V. Frank-Kamenetsky. "Atmospheric electric field anomalies associated with solar flare/coronal mass ejection events and solar energetic charged particle "Ground Level Events"." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 5 (2009): 21941–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-21941-2009.

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Abstract. We discuss the fair weather atmospheric electric field signatures of three major solar energetic charged particle events which occurred in on 15 April 2001, 18 April and 4 November, and their causative solar flares/coronal mass ejections (SF/CMEs). Only the 15 April 2001 shows clear evidence for Ez variation associated to SF/CME events and the other two events may support this hypothesis as well although for them the meteorological data were not available. All three events seem to be associated with relativistic solar protons (i.e. protons with energies >450 MeV) of the Ground Lev

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32

Moiseev, Aleksey, Vasiliy Popov, and Sergei Starodubtsev. "Investigating azimuthal propagation of Pc5 geomagnetic pulsations and their equivalent current vortices from ground-based and satellite data." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 10, no. 3 (2024): 104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/szf-103202412.

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Using phase delays at spaced stations and satellite observations in the magnetosphere during two events, we have studied azimuthal propagation of resonant bursts of geomagnetic pulsations in the Pc5 range. We have also examined propagation of equivalent current vortices during these events. It has been found that the pulsations, observed in the magnetosphere and ionosphere, and the equivalent current vortices in the ionosphere propagate in the azimuthal direction from the dayside to the nightside. Propagation velocities according to ground-based observations are 5–25 km/s; according to satelli

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33

Moiseev, Aleksey, Vasiliy Popov, and Sergei Starodubtsev. "Investigating azimuthal propagation of Pc5 geomagnetic pulsations and their equivalent current vortices from ground-based and satellite data." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 10, no. 3 (2024): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-103202412.

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Using phase delays at spaced stations and satellite observations in the magnetosphere during two events, we have studied azimuthal propagation of resonant bursts of geomagnetic pulsations in the Pc5 range. We have also examined propagation of equivalent current vortices during these events. It has been found that the pulsations, observed in the magnetosphere and ionosphere, and the equivalent current vortices in the ionosphere propagate in the azimuthal direction from the dayside to the nightside. Propagation velocities according to ground-based observations are 5–25 km/s; according to satelli

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34

Rastogi, R. G. "Signatures of storm sudden commencements in geomagnetic H, Y and Z fields at Indian observatories during 1958−1992." Annales Geophysicae 17, no. 11 (1999): 1426–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1426-1.

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Abstract. The work describes an intensive study of storm sudden commencement (SSC) impulses in horizontal (H), eastward (Y) and vertical (Z) fields at four Indian geomagnetic observatories between 1958–1992. The midday maximum of ΔH has been shown to exist even at the low-latitude station Alibag which is outside the equatorial electrojet belt, suggesting that SSC is associated with an eastward electric field at equatorial and low latitudes. The impulses in Y field are shown to be linearly and inversely related to ΔH at Annamalainagar and Alibag. The average SC disturbance vector is shown to be

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35

Gotoh, K., M. Hayakawa, and N. Smirnova. "Fractal analysis of the ULF geomagnetic data obtained at Izu Peninsula, Japan in relation to the nearby earthquake swarm of June–August 2000." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 3, no. 3/4 (2003): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-3-229-2003.

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Abstract. In our recent papers we applied fractal methods to extract the earthquake precursory signatures from scaling characteristics of the ULF geomagnetic data, obtained in a seismic active region of Guam Island during the large earthquake of 8 August 1993. We found specific dynamics of their fractal characteristics (spectral exponents and fractal dimensions) before the earthquake: appearance of the flicker-noise signatures and increase of the time series fractal dimension. Here we analyze ULF geomagnetic data obtained in a seismic active region of Izu Peninsula, Japan during a swarm of the

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36

Cao, Jin-Bin, Chunxiao Yan, Malcolm Dunlop, et al. "Geomagnetic signatures of current wedge produced by fast flows in a plasma sheet." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 115, A8 (2010): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009ja014891.

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37

Francia, Patrizia, Mauro Regi, and Marcello De Lauretis. "Signatures of the ULF geomagnetic activity in the surface air temperature in Antarctica." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 120, no. 4 (2015): 2452–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015ja021011.

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38

Currie, J. L., and C. L. Waters. "On the use of geomagnetic indices and ULF waves for earthquake precursor signatures." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 119, no. 2 (2014): 992–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013ja019530.

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39

He, Fei, Yong Wei, and Weixing Wan. "Equatorial aurora: the aurora-like airglow in the negative magnetic anomaly." National Science Review 7, no. 10 (2020): 1606–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa083.

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Abstract The most fantastic optical phenomena in the Earth's upper atmosphere are the auroras. They are highly informative indicators of solar activity, geomagnetic activity, upper atmospheric structures and dynamics, and magnetospheric energetic particles. An area where the geomagnetic field differs significantly from the expected symmetric dipole, such as at the South Atlantic Anomaly, where the magnetic field intensity is low, gives rise to stronger precipitation of energetic particles into the upper atmosphere. Impact excitation and the subsequent airglow emissions exhibit aurora-like dyna

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40

Dudeney, J. R., K. B. Baker, P. H. Stoker, and A. D. M. Walker. "The Southern Hemisphere Auroral Radar Experiment (SHARE)." Antarctic Science 6, no. 1 (1994): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102094000155.

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The near Earth space environment (known as Geospace) is dominated by the interaction between the solar wind and the geomagnetic field, which creates the magnetosphere. Considerable energy flows from the solar wind into the magnetosphere and ends up in the Earth's upper atmosphere (the thermosphere and ionosphere). The coupling of the geomagnetic field with that of the solar wind (known as the interplanetary magnetic field, or IMF) produces a variety of electro-dynamic responses with signatures such as electric fields and currents in the polar ionospheres. These produce, inter alia, motion of t

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41

Wright, D. M., T. K. Yeoman, and T. B. Jones. "ULF wave occurrence statistics in a high-latitude HF Doppler sounder." Annales Geophysicae 17, no. 6 (1999): 749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-0749-2.

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Abstract. Ultra low frequency (ULF) wave activity in the high-latitude ionosphere has been observed by a high frequency (HF) Doppler sounder located at Tromsø, Norway (69.7°N, 19.2°E geographic coordinates). A statistical study of the occurrence of these waves has been undertaken from data collected between 1979 and 1984. The diurnal, seasonal, solar cycle and geomagnetic activity variations in occurrence have been investigated. The findings demonstrate that the ability of the sounder to detect ULF wave signatures maximises at the equinoxes and that there is a peak in occurrence in the morning

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42

Moldavanov, Andrei. "Shaping of Magnetospheric Disturbances by System Behaviour of Geomagnetic Tail." System Analysis & Mathematical Modeling 4, no. 4 (2022): 302–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2713-1734.2022.4(4).302-316.

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Development of magnetospheric substorm from standpoint of energy evolution in geomagnetic tail is considered. In this approach, geomagnetic tail is taken to be an open thermodynamic system with infinite number of conservation energy links to external space environment. Self-consistent general theory of energy evolution in such system was presented earlier. In contrast to existing models of substorm development, presented model suggests believing that development is a combined effect of two influence factors. The first one is the traditional southward turn of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF)

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43

Watanabe, Y., G. Cornélissen, F. Halberg, K. Otsuka, and S. I. Ohkawa. "Associations by signatures and coherences between the human circulation and helio- and geomagnetic activity." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 55 (November 2000): s76—s83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0753-3322(01)90008-3.

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44

Olsen, Nils, and Claudia Stolle. "Magnetic Signatures of Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Current Systems During Geomagnetic Quiet Conditions—An Overview." Space Science Reviews 206, no. 1-4 (2016): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11214-016-0279-7.

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45

Di Mauro, Domenico, Mauro Regi, Stefania Lepidi, et al. "Geomagnetic Activity at Lampedusa Island: Characterization and Comparison with the Other Italian Observatories, Also in Response to Space Weather Events." Remote Sensing 13, no. 16 (2021): 3111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13163111.

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Regular automatic recordings of the time series of the magnetic field, together with routine manual absolute measurements for establishing dynamic baselines at Lampedusa Island—south of Sicily—Italy (geographic coordinates 35°31′N; 12°32′E, altitude 33 m a.s.l.), show a signature of very low electromagnetic noise. The observatory (provisional IAGA code: LMP) lays inside a restricted and remote wildlife reserve, far away from the built-up and active areas of the island, which at present is the southernmost location of the European territory for such observations. The availability of high-qualit

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Mannucci, A. J., B. T. Tsurutani, O. Verkhoglyadova, A. Komjathy, and X. Pi. "Use of radio occultation to probe the high latitude ionosphere." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 8, no. 2 (2015): 2093–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-2093-2015.

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Abstract. We have explored the use of COSMIC data to provide valuable scientific information on the ionospheric impacts of energetic particle precipitation during geomagnetic storms. Ionospheric electron density in the E region, and hence ionospheric conductivity, is significantly altered by precipitating particles from the magnetosphere. This has global impacts on the thermosphere-ionosphere because of the important role of conductivity on high latitude Joule heating. Two high-speed stream (HSS) and two coronal mass ejection (CME) storms are examined with the COSMIC data. We find clear correl

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Hall, C. M. "Complexity signatures in the geomagnetic <i>H</i> component recorded by the Tromsø magnetometer (70° N, 19° E) over the last quarter of a century." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 21, no. 5 (2014): 1051–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-21-1051-2014.

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Abstract. Solar disturbances, depending on the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field, typically result in perturbations of the geomagnetic field as observed by magnetometers on the ground. Here, the geomagnetic field's horizontal component, as measured by the ground-based observatory-standard magnetometer at Tromsø (70° N, 19° E), is examined for signatures of complexity. Twenty-five year-long 10 s resolution data sets are analysed for fluctuations with timescales of less than 1 day. Quantile–quantile plots are employed first, revealing that the fluctuations are better represented b

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Pallamraju, D., S. Chakrabarti, and C. E. Valladares. "Magnetic storm-induced enhancement in neutral composition at low latitudes as inferred by O(<sup>1</sup>D) dayglow measurements from Chile." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 9 (2004): 3241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-3241-2004.

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Abstract. We describe the effect of the 6 November 2001 magnetic storm on the low latitude thermospheric composition. Daytime red line (OI 630.0nm) emissions from Carmen Alto, Chile showed anomalous 2-3 times larger emissions in the morning (05:30-08:30 Local Time; LT) on the disturbed day compared to the quiet days. We interpret these emission enhancements to be caused due to the increase in neutral densities over low latitudes, as a direct effect of the geomagnetic storm. As an aftereffect of the geomagnetic storm, the dayglow emissions on the following day show gravity wave features that gr

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Dea, Jack Y., William Van Bise, Elizabeth A. Rauscher, and Wolfgang-M. Boerner. "Observations of ELF (extremely low frequency) signatures arising from space vehicle disturbances of the ionosphere." Canadian Journal of Physics 69, no. 8-9 (1991): 959–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p91-151.

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We report on observations of extremely low-frequency (ELF) signatures during exit or reentry of space vehicles through the ionosphere. The two modes regularly observed gave signals that peaked at 5.6 and 11.2 Hz. The evidence points to the lower ionosphere, i.e., the D- and E-layers, as the generator of these signals. The measurements were performed using ground-based multiturn coil sensors located in Reno and San Diego. The nature of these signals is unclear at present but it is surmised that we are detecting either the evanescent fields of hydromagnetic waves traveling in the ionosphere or t

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Alperovich, L., V. Zheludev, and M. Hayakawa. "Application of a wavelet technique for the detection of earthquake signatures in the geomagnetic field." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 1, no. 1/2 (2001): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-1-75-2001.

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Abstract. We developed an algorithm especially adapted to single-station wavelet detection of geomagnetic events, which precede or accompany the earthquakes. The detection problem in this situation is complicated by a great variability of earthquakes and accompanied phenomena, which aggravates finding characteristic features of the events. Therefore we chose to search for the characteristic features of both "disturbed" intervals (containing earthquakes) and "quiet" recordings. In this paper we propose an algorithm for solving the problem of detecting the presence of signals produced by an eart

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