Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Géomatique – Pays de la Loire (France)'
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Juigner, Martin. "La géomatique au service de l'observation du trait de côte : contribution à l'étude des aléas côtiers sur les littoraux dunaires de la région Pays de la Loire (France)." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT2023/document.
Full textFollowing last decade series of morphogenic storms, an acute awareness emerged on the role of coastal dunes against physical hazards. Some dune ridges may act as natural defense systems, and therefore must be monitored closely. Along the coastal zone, where strong human and non-human stakes coexist, the evaluation of the dune protection capability is crucial. This PhD proposes an answer to the lack of operational tool to propose fine diagnoses. Spatial analysis methods, which are commonly used in coastal studies, have constraints; the objective here is thus to develop and to apply a reproducible geomatic process to assess (i) the susceptibility of coastal dunes and (ii) the exposure of non-human stakes regarding coastal erosion and marine flooding. The integration and aggregation of synthetic indicators within 25*400 m observation units (or boxes) along the coast enables realizing multiscalar diagnoses of coastal dunes. To better characterize the at-risk territories, the urban sections of the coast with historical shoreline recession are identified, as well as dune systems presenting a weak protection capability against flooding. Resolutely operational, this automated process is a strong contribution to the objectives of improving knowledge and making decision support of the regional coastline observatories
Tarrin, Laurence. "L'Apprentissage féminin dans les pays de la Loire : trajectoires sociales et professionnelles." Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT3006.
Full textIn the loire region nowadays, one out of four registered apprentices or young people in alterntate education is a girl. Girls who choose that kind of education are fewer than boys and they are mostly involved in hairdressing and sale. Gender division of labour is still a fact as far as vocational training is concerned. Girls usually do better than boys at school and therefore should retain the advantage but, actually starting and finishing apprenticeships as well as worxing conditions are always more difficult for them than boys. In order to face these difficulties, girls tned to develop what we could call "compensation strategies". Far from fighting the system wich binds them down, they try to imrove their environment with behaviours and relationships. As a result, girls, who find it harder than their male equivalents to reach professional success, try to compensate with family success
Provost, Michel. "Le val de loire et les pays de loire a l'epoque romaine. Essai de synthese." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040258.
Full textThe study of the val de loire from five archeological repertories (loire-atlantique, maine-et-loire, indre-et-loire, loir-et-cher, loiret) shows, for roman period, a contact zone between three cultural types (atlantic, continental, mediterranean). This observation is the result of one hundred and fifty maps and four hundred and seven histograms realized from all archeological materials, studied again. The three parts of the val are verified through all synthesis from neolithic age to early middle age : stages of population settlement, commercial exchanges, roman conquest, the beginning of urban development, small towns economical vitality, habitat both traditional and renewed by roman civilization, funeral pratices and religion. Namnetes and western andes, sometimes with turones, are connected to an original civilization where romani be preceded by celtization. However, the latter has influenced senones and probably carnutes too. Finally, mediterranean civilizations are more important for pictones and biturici. The affluents of the loire, more than the loire itself, are economically essential. This study shows a great regional diversity
Blanchet, Mickaël. "Politiques de la vieillesse dans la région Pays de la Loire." Angers, 2011. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00847253.
Full textBourmalo, Laetitia. "Analyse linguistique du discours des chansons de tradition orale du pays de Guérande." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT3037.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to analyse the discourse of folk songs of Guérande, area of Brittany, France. This study is based on Guériff's collection. It makes use of the discourse linguistic analysis, which is an approach at the junction of semantic theory and discourse analysis. As a theoretical objective, the research validate a semantic model of lexical meaning. By looking at the value framework contained in the discourse, including how it is built and conveyed, the thesis analyses also the specific constituents of the studied discourse. For that purpose, an argumentative and modal approach is used to study the discursive construction of the two semantic representations: ‘soldat’ and ‘mariage’. The results lead to develop a set of new ideas linking semantic mechanisms and discourse functions, which makes up a sound basis for further ethnomusicology researches
Elineau, Dorothée. "Église, sociétés et territoires : paroisses et paroissiens dans les Pays de la Loire." Le Mans, 2000. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2000/2000LEMA3001.pdf.
Full textBouzillé-Pouplard, Emmanuelle. "L' agriculture à l'épreuve de l'environnement : la diffusion des pratiques agricoles respectueuses de l'environnement dans les Pays de la Loire : l'exemple du réseau agriculture durable." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT3015.
Full textThe productivist farming model arisen from the farming agricultural modernization of the sixties, in spite of an undeniable success, is questionned today, notably because of its environmental impacts. The French agriculture should evolve in answer to the social demand in terms of quality products and environmental aminities. The western France, strongly engaged in the productivist system via the Breton farming model, is so invited to make a new "silent revolution". At the beginning of the nineties, following the agri-environmental Measures, and in parallel of the organic agriculture, the agricultural profession took care of the agri-environmental problems thanks to various schemes (FARRF, Ferti-Mieux, RAD). Through the example of the Reseau Agriculture Durable in the Western France, analyzed from the innovation diffusion theory, this thesis interrogates the reality of the evolution towards more sustainable farming systems and their capacity to start a reterritorialisation of the agriculture, a priori gaurantee of a reduction of the environmental damages. The study of areas, farmers and modalities of the agri-environmental innovations shows that there is no clear breaking up with the past evolutions. This new avatar of the agriculture seems to be, in a lot of considerations, the corollary of the agriculture modernization. The sustainable farming practices diffusion remains however very relative and the reterritorialisation of agriculture dubious. Nevertheless, the agri-environmental innovation spread henceforth outside the fringing extensive areas, privileged target of the agri-environmental schemes, towards the most intensive regions. This result invites in the optimism as for the capacity of the sustainable agriculture to be more widely diffused on the territory, if the context, notably political, is favourable
Mengneau, Juliette. "De "la catho" au privé : socio-histoire d'une reconfiguration du service public d'éducation depuis la loi Debré : le cas des Pays de la Loire." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT2045/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the move of Catholic school towards private school. It confirms that the process engaged by 1959 Debré law, which made the slogan « public funds for public school, private funds for private school » obsolete, participated significantly in the evolution of relations between French State and private teaching institutions. Since then, in return for public financing, French State requires the private institutions to change their functioning mode, and, at the same time, to get closer to public education. Despite the secular camp’s resistance in 1959, and in 1984 at the moment of the Savary project, the financing of private education by public funds has become progressively legitimate, and links between private teaching institutions and public authorities have been strengthened. By focusing on the case of Pays de la Loire, we aimed to explain how secondary-school competencies’ regionalisation, which occurred in the eighties in a context of intense demand for education in high-school, contributed to cement these relations. The regional majority, from right wing politics before, then from left wings politics since 2004, fulfilled its new missions, especially concerning the funding of private schools. For their part, the private institution took this opportunity to organize itself on a very similar model to the public one, without losing its specificity. Private changes affected the public education service, which became plural. This reconfiguration questions the boundaries between private and public
Roux, Nicole. "La transformation des attitudes politiques des ouvriers : attitudes politiques d'ouvriers de "pays" de l'ouest de la France, dans les années 1990." Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT3001.
Full textMy initial findings showing blue-collar workers' patterns of variable political behaviour did not fit in with the uniform image of the working class struggling to change society. It therefore seemed worthwhile to find out whether there was indeed a link between working class social diversity and the diversity of political behaviour. My first concern was to try to find out if blue-collar workers had had and were used to occupying a particular place in politics. At all levels - in industrial disputes, strikes, demonstrations in trade union activity, within political parties, among elected representatives and members, in election practices, whether it be by participating or asserting a political choice, it was necessary to evaluate whether a specific nature of blue-collar workers' behaviour existed or not and if needs be ascertain whether this had changed. It was important to be able to show how blue-collar workers behaved in politics and also which workers might have such and such an attitude, for my initial aim was to put into perspective the diversity of political attitudes of blue-collar workers with relation to the diversity of their environments. All the enquiries were carried out in the south of the "pays de loire" region, among rural blue-collar workers from the vendee and from the areas around ancenis, cholet, chateaubriant, and among urban workers from the nantes-st nazaire industrial axis. The variation in their relationship to politics, from not being listed on the electoral roll to standing as candidate at elections, is put into perspective according to their involvement in the working class collective, their working class condition, the length of their religious education and the strength of their roots in a local setting. By linking and combining the elements which make up the different working class environments studied it is easier to understand how their political attitudes are formed - at all levels, and whatever the degree of involvement and their intrest in politics, and whatever their political preferences
Dodier, Rodolphe. "Formes d'organisation des systèmes locaux d'activité et d'emploi dans les Pays de la Loire." Le Mans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEMA0003.
Full textThe local labour market area (llma) is considered as pertinent scale of analysis questions concerning unemployment, employment, labour, etc. . . Due to the semantic fuzziness of this notion we give it up and we propose a new concept: the local system of activity and employment. At the inter-llma or intra-llma levels, the factor analysis and the classifications allow to study the evolution of the interactions between the economic sphere and the social sphere. In t the "pays de la loire" region and during the 1980's, the social geographical differentiations have increased. This phenomenon is due to the formation of lower income groups. The economic centralisation decrease because of the rearticulation of the fonctional structure at the llmas. In the same time, there is a selective centralisation process of some activities and functions. The rise of daily migrations is accompanied by an increase differentiation of flows. All these processes show a urban transition and a downwards-spread within the urban hierarchy. In this phase of development and with the labour market evolution, economic factors have an increase importance than social factors
Renaux-Rivreau, Peggy. "Logement et habitat dans les campagnes. Les politiques d'amélioration de l'habitat dans les Pays de la Loire : un facteur de développement rural." Angers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ANGE0034.
Full textOuvrard, Pauline. "Le nouvel esprit de l'urbanisme, entre scènes et coulisses : une ethnographie de la fabrique du territoire de Saint-Nazaire à Nantes." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2032/document.
Full textStarting from the viewpoint of a scientific worker immersed in the social context - in this instance the realm of urbanism - under the guise of a CIFRE contract which endows the researcher with the status of architect/urban designer at the Saint-Nazaire planning agency, the investigation of this particular "black box" concerns different levels. Through observations (of both promises and actions) and interactions, the established researcher tests the hypothesis of immersion and descriptive urbanism to renew knowledge concerning urban-planning activities. The thesis reports the daily activities of a team of technicians involved in the development of the territory, through their trajectories and their productions. By experimenting with different forms of writing, the interviewer reveals the routine work of agencies: their strategies, their tools and methods, the power struggles, the plurality of roles and positions between technical and political staff. Retracing the history of the agency shows the links between the urban fabric and this planning structure through the emergence of both "management and leadership urbanism " and a "fictional urbanism." The investigation then unfolds outside the office and focuses on territorial prospective, from a socio-technical perspective. Seeing the urban fabric through the prism of its prospective activity highlights how the convergence of trajectories and interests depicts a network where models and "good" practices circulate and interact, at different territorial levels and between the worlds of urbanplanning. This work identifies the activity of storytelling and interpretation as a specific practice of urban planning. Taking it seriously can designe a "new spirit of urbanism" tensed between performance and evaluation, communication and control, leadership and management
Bourreau, René. "Une utopie politico-religieuse et sa modernisation lors des élections en pays nantais contemporain : la logique restitutionniste de la noblesse nantaise." Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0015.
Full textCommon sense systematizes the locking-up strategy of reactionaries in their past, reified. Without neglecting the socially static strength of the temporal "past future" dualism combined with the "right left" bipolarity, it has seemed relevant to characterize its dynamics. That for, i chose the "loire inferieure" (l-a) as a field, mainly in its rural an catholic part, that tends, at the elections, to confide in the nobility. Especially in the "ancien regime" nobility, at the legislative elections during the iiird rep. . As long as one considers that the concerned people cannot be reduced to "classes-objects", one has to put forward the hypothesis that their repeatead votings for the nobility reveal expectations and hopes. This underlies a retrogressive logic of the restitutionism of the nobility who, in the name of principles of the reinterpretated mediaeval world, contests the present and casts itself on the future. To restore an ol and traditional order in a legal way implies the involvement of the social authorities of the nobility, turning into political enterpreneurs, in the modern electoral game. Or else, to come up to the expectations of the voters, bound to face an everyday life subject to the changes of society, as many reasons that explain that the active rejection of the revolutionary modernity cannot do without a modernization and a euphemization of the utopian aim. The study of first-hand and statistical data produced through the electoral procedure,shows that the restitutionist logic observed holds some "moments" when the political and religious dimensions take it in turns to back the utopia-sation process, making the traditionalisation of the modern plausible ; and the de-utopia-sation of the project, when the elected member tends to become a notable, taking care of a few "established rights", like the private-catholic education. If one can contrast the first period, more political (end of xixth) with the second one, more religious (beg, of xxth) one cannot, though, conclude for the evolution to be linear, as the instauration of vichy corporatism shows
Joguet, Sandra. "Les marins à la petite pêche des côtes du Pays de Retz (Loire Atlantique) : diversité des pratiques des pêcheurs de Pornic et de la Gravette : unité du groupe socio-professionnel." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100117.
Full textThe inshore fishery on the Pays de Retz coast used to be considered as a complementary activity to farming, industry and coastal traffic, practiced by fishermen, workers and farmers. During the fifties, the improvement of fishing customs allowed fishermen to increase their knowledge of the Bourgneuf Bay and the Loire estuary area, as well as the natural tapping conditions of the local fisheries resources. Since the Pays de Retz inhabitants especially appreciated those resources, fishermen could raise their incomes and get specialized in inshore fisheries. So they based their professionalisation on values and representations that led them to consider the diversity of selling and fishing techniques as a means of providing structure, distinction and value to their socio-professional group
Crenn, Bernard. "Les fours à chaux des marges armoricaines : 1775-fin des années 1950 : la grande mue d'une petite industrie." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0132.
Full textLime making, mainly in limekilns supplied with coal, is a caracteristic activity on the armorican fringes in france (maine-et-loire, mayenne, western sarthe) during the 19th century. This know-how is turning to good account the local limestone quarries and often the regional coal mines. The dominant production is lime for agricultural enrichment ; it reaches its peak about 1860. To better understand the evolution on a long-lasting period, we have opted for an analysis beginning 1775 and going to 1939. The study which is inserted in a large conception of technical history, concerns the transformations of technics, sites, landscapes, enterprises, social conditions and economic strategies. The first part is dedicated to the analysis of the dissemination of a technic, the coal limeburning, during the period 1775-1839. A know-how, already made up on the banks of the angevin basse-loire, spread around and this scattered making takes proto- industrial aspects. The second part underscores trends toward mass production and concentration from the beginning of the 1840's to the end of the 1870's, insisting on the implication of some local mining societies in the lime production. The third part shows at ounce, from 1880 to 1939, the declines of some traditional production forms and the existence of resistance poles, led by families or societies. It takes into consideration the problem of reconversion of sites and people
Tonini, Brice. "La dynamique spatiale des pratiques sportives : des patronages à l'intercommunalité, l'exemple du football, basketball et rugby dans les Pays de la Loire." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00202917.
Full textPigeaud, Romain. "Les représentations de la grotte ornée Mayenne-Sciences (Thorigné-en-Charnie, Mayenne) dans leur cadre archéologique et régional." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MNHN0041.
Full textGuy, Catherine. "L'aménagement du territoire et les contrats de plan Etat-région : les régions Bretagne et Pays de la Loire." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20042.
Full textDavodeau, Hervé. "La sensibilité paysagère à l'épreuve de la gestion territoriale : paysages et politiques publiques de l'aménagement en Pays de la Loire." Angers, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00492307.
Full textIn France, the "Law on landscape" of 1993 encourages local authorities to target the conservation and development of landscapes in their planning policies. However, as the notion of landscape involves the sensitivity of the observer, dealing with the landscape in the framework of a territorial policy might reveal some incompatibility. How can public policies match sensitive perceptions of landscapes with their territorial scales ? The contemporary economic mechanisms induce widely practiced behaviours which, in return, necessitate the emergence of these policies. At various scales of the territories (in this case, the geographical setting of the Pays de la Loire), the concern for landscape can take différent directions. But these new scales in "landscape planning" create problems for their managers. From a landscape to a territory, there is more than a mere change in scale, the nature of the subject is simply not the saine. The territorial dimension of the landscape management also induces conflicts between the various participants defending their perceptions on landscapes that they hold as their own and transform into the instruments of their own views, interests and targets
Guyonvarch, Tallec Anne. "Rapport sur l'état sanitaire de la population des Pays de Loire : étude préliminaire réalisée à l'instigation de l'Observatoire régional de la santé." Nantes, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NANT3427.
Full textMeissonier, Régis. "Organisation virtuelle : conceptualisation, ingénierie et pratiques : enquête auprès des PME de la région des pays de la Loire." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32065.
Full textVaché, Isabelle. "L'émergence des politiques énergétiques en Pays de la Loire (France). Effets de contexte, potentiels et jeux d'acteurs." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00431585.
Full textVaché, Isabelle. "L'émergence des politiques énergétiques en Pays de la Loire (France) : effets de contexte, potentiels et jeux d’acteurs." Le Mans, 2009. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2009/2009LEMA3007_1.pdf.
Full textAs it deals with either global or local energy and climate issues, this thesis is a topical work. In the context of international climate talks, European and national and regional policies, it aims to analyse the local initiatives in the Pays de la Loire. This work focuses on three main assumptions. The first states that renewable energy has been developed in the Pays de la Loire in the wake of local nuclear projects. The second argues that human potentialities are more determining than the physical and geographical energy potentialities of a given territory, at least in this phase of regional awareness encouraged by public policies. The third shows that local pressures have led the Région Pays de la Loire to back the development of renewable energy. Our research focuses on a qualitative approach which is based on numerous interviews and linked to a quantitative approach relying on statistical and cartographic databases. The first part of our work is devoted to the context. It shows that despite the rallying of the scientific community since the 1970’s, awareness of climate change due to human activity is rather recent. Europe has played an important role in international climate talks and has set itself ambitious targets (such as energy-climate Package in 2007). However, if certain member States of the E. U. , such as Germany, have volunteered to reduce their greenhouse gases emissions and develop renewable energy, other countries like France have been much less incentive. The second and third parts of our work, focusing on the Région Pays de la Loire, highlight that despite real physical potentialities, renewable energy still represents a small part of the whole production. We have established that there is a link between physical potentialities and the number of green equipments. The regional energy policy is rather recent, and has been more favorable to renewable energy and energy saving since the regional political success of the French Green Party in 2004. The rise of associative movements has also played a role in the consideration of energy and climate issues by the Région Pays de la Loire. To organize our last part dealing with local policies, we have constructed a typology based on many interviews. It shows that human potentialities, more than physical ones, can determine the establishment of a local energy policy. The approach of the SyDEV (Syndicat Départemental d’Energie et d’Equipement de la Vendée) is something of an exception since it is initially linked to the willingness to exploit wind-power in order to keep a hand on local wind resources. We have shown that the grounds of local energy policies may diverge, but also result from negative external elements. We have also shown that links exist between anti-nuclear demonstrations and the strong energy policy led by the Pays de Haute Mayenne ; between the pressures exerted by Nantes as the main regional city and the original approach undertaken by the Pays de Grandlieu Machecoul et Logne ; also between the need for local development and the reflection led by the PNR Loire Anjou Touraine. These local energy initiatives sometimes take root in a long history (as in the Pays des Mauges, for example). In addition, our investigation shows movements of various kinds, be they individual or collective. We have also studied the origins of the sensitivity characterizing the pioneers of renewable energy. Finally, our interest in the biggest regional cities has helped us show the examplary nature of Nantes Métropole and the more opportunist approach proposed by the Pays du Mans. Therefore, we may assume that behind local innovations there are men and women as singular wills linked to a political party, to a legacy of environmental or social movements, and to other types of convictions
Meissonier, Régis BARTOLI JACQUES ANDRE. "Organisation virtuelle : conceptualisation, ingénierie et pratiques : enquête auprès des PME de la région des pays de la Loire /." [S.l.], 2000. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50374-2000-MEISSONIER.pdf.
Full textLeduc, Christine. "La peinture murale en Anjou et dans le Maine aux XVe et XVIe siècles." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR20031.
Full textQuintin, Philippe. "Métropolisation et vitalisation : vers une recomposition des territoires." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20064.
Full textThis thesis focuses on what we could call urban efficiency i. E. The socio-spatial role of the city. It seems that, having reached a certain size, "mother-cities" (the root concept of metropolisation), "in a polarised system of space", generate around themselves a demographical and economical movement of "vitalisation ". 1 have attempted to comprehend this process through a model of "urban vitalisation ". This modelisation has never been an aim in itself, but rather a tool which compelled me, through a method of experimentation, to look at the possibility of verifying this movement of spatial dynamics. Through this model and its relatively large scale experimentation, 1 have tried to show the tale played by these cities in the reconstruction of territories during approximately 30 years,. This reconstruction illustrates perfectly the interest of not showing spatial territories on an opposing rural-urban basis, but showing them instead through the close ties that such territories retain with their " mother-cities " and their hinterlands, in order to create a real network of territories
Meslin, Karine. "Les réfugiés cambodgiens de la région des Pays de la Loire : étude ethnographique d'une immigration de " bonne réputation "." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3028.
Full textFollowing the Khmer self-genocide, Cambodian refugees migrated to France between 1975 and 1990. Since then and despite the twenty-five years gone by, they have a reputation for being quiet, hard workers and polite, and some of them are portrayed as being an example of the French model of integration. The dissertation is devoted to study the Cambodian refugees and wishes to analyse the processes engaged in their individual and collective reconstruction. It also tries to compare those processes with all the images and stereotypes associated with them since their arrival. Their so-called ethnic qualities therefore look less like innate specificities than like the result of a shared migratory path. Moreover the ethnographic survey carried out among Cambodian refugees in the Pays de la Loire Region leads to split up their homogenizing image by bringing out their many ways of being and doing, built up by various factors. Social background, local context and professional and educational insertion modes are all examined. The research also reveals the issues focused on the community's reputation and its consequences on both the migrants and their children. Finally, the thesis demonstrates that reputation should not simply by reduced to culture or ethnic background neither be superimposed on a group it is supposed to characterize, although it is not without taking part of community's setting up
Charrier, Patrick. "La vallée de la Loire des Ponts-de-Cé à Bellevue (entre Anjou et Pays nantais) : évolutions et sensibilités." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT3021.
Full textOnce the river flows into the Massif armoricain, the Loire follows a structural corset interifed from morpho-climatic successions which has been filled integrally by quarternary alluvial deposits. The river path flows between structural ridges along an irregular profile, still persistent even after the strong infill. The current fluvial path would seen increasingly simpler, however the diversity of the fluvial styles in it's length and of ist complexity in the cross-section are considerable. That environment follow the seasons and inter-annual variations of the river flow. The variations of the water-level between flood and low-water level along with the frequency and their respective duration, determine the original "liquidity" of the armorican fluvial valley of the Loire. It is at the source of the evolution of the form and sensibility of the area. A fluvial morphology study through the active band gives the impression of a new landform evolution where man has intervened. The fluvial metamorphosis started at the beginning of the XVIIIth century with the reduction of width of the active band of the river, wich was pratically accomplished by the middle of the last century. However the general alluvionnement which is at the origin of the tressed style ceased later on. The deepening of the river-bed started only at the end of the last century resulting from an acceleration of the pick-up and deposit action, hence modifying the form of the cross-section of the river. The slopes become cleaner and the channel better defined. Inform, with the favorable morpho-climatic conditions,exploitation of the valley intensifies and the need for navigation forces a control of the rivers path and a clearer definition of its banks limits. The will to control the elements of this region, where landscape limits are still poorly defined, encounters today angry reactions. The overflowing of the river, which cannot be easily predicted and are rarely averted does not confine itself anymore to the delimited area which features are set by the environment and the law. Dangers are real because once again the riverside residents are considering exploiting the area. Uncertainties continue to persist. This "liquidity" must nevertheless be controlled
Juin-Rialland, Cécile. "Geographie des installations en agriculture dans les pays de la loire : elements de comparaison avec le quebec." Nantes, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NANT3006.
Full textThe aim of this research is one of describing explaining and understanding the unequal geographical division of the nomber, types and processus of establishment in the agriculture. The hypothesis from which this work started - and which proved true - is the development of a variety of forms concerning the establishment in the agriculture, the traditional father-son pattern on succession being challenged in the short term due to the sinking of birthrate of the agricultural population. A comparative study between two territories, geographically remote but close together in their socio-economic structures, has appeared as revealing and likely to inspire some development policies (those territories being both rural areas densely populated, marked by apparented demographic, social and cultural history). The gepgraphical analysis of the agricultural renewal required the setting up of a data bank about the above-mentioned establishment and including the standard statistics, along with other particular less often exploited, for instance those of the mutualite sociale agricole in france, and ground investi gation (200 surveys in quebec and in the pays de la loire). Included in a global process of mutation from a domestic agriculture to a business one, 3 types of areas were given prominence to, each characterized by a specific rate of agricultural renewal (strong, weak an intermediate). These territories draw simultaneously some specific establishment profiles : the first type (of area) with a conventional father-son transmission and a productivist pattern of expansion; the second type on the contrary, with non-domestic an atypical establishment forms; and in between those extremes, a transmission from parents to children, and a pattern of development halfway (between) both preceding types. This intensely contrasted. .
Gautier, Robert Pierre Michel. "Le mouvement coopératif de consommation dans l'ouest : (Départements formant aujourd'hui les régions Bretagne et Pays-de-Loire) : des origines au congrès de Fougères : (1925)." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20014.
Full textThe @cooperation of consumption has not waited for the birth of the organisations of workers to establish itself in the West of France, particularly in the country. The trade union centre of Nantes allows the realization of the Federation of the cooperatives of workers in Brittany, then in the West of France. . As early as the Monarchy of July, it receives the support of the republican middle class conveying the ideas of social reformists. During the Empire, from the high society see in the cooperation a rampart against socialism and a school of economy. The traditional forces of the West of France, the castle and the vicarage do not appear much in the realisation of cooperatives. Its aim is to fight against expensive life, extends its activities to the social aspects and some are activities of protest. Suspected of disturbing the social order, of gathering subversive elements, the societies of workers must wait until the First World War in order that the state recognizes the services which were useful to the national collectivity
Tillier, Ion. "Concepts et outils pour l'analyse spatiale des conflits d'usages - Applications en zone côtière (baie de Bourgneuf, Pays de Loire, France)." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661390.
Full textSchirmer, Raphaël. "Le renouveau du vignoble nantais." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040218.
Full textIn Nantes region, vineyard is experiencing a true revival. Wine production is now focused on quality. An attempt was first made but failed at the end of the 18th century and during the 19th century. Consequently, we are now the witnesses of this revival. After a period of disinterest, Nantes renews with its wines. Furthermore, wine production conditions have completely changed. Today, good wines can be produced
Lins, Hoyêdo Nunes. "Restructuration du capital, industrialisation périphérique et changement regional : essai sur l'évolution contemporaine des structures économiques de l'Ouest de la France (régions de programme : Pays de la Loire et Bretagne)." Tours, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOUR4501.
Full textThe process of spatial change which characterized the french industry since the fifties is very much connected with the structural tendencies of production organization typical of the present stade of capitalist development. West france's participation in this process is mainly characterized by job creation by big entreprises of the electronics and car industries, and has to be seen in rela tion to the role the region has played within the french space-economy as a source of labour from agriculture. Plant creation by external initiatives did contribute to the region's industrial growth during the last decades, but the jobs created were essentially semiskilled and therefore west france emerges within the french spatial division of labour as a region mostly turned to mass-production and assembly stages of production. Recent industrial growth has meant few links between the new plants and local entreprises. As decisionmaking functions have for the most part been retained at the paris region, contemporary industrialization rather contributed to exacerbate the degree of external control in the regional economy
Bakouan, Bayen-Edouard. "Règlementation PAC et évolution agricole et rurale : l'application du gel des terres arables en Indre-Et-Loire." Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR2005.
Full textThe agricultural sector represents an international stake in which each state is called to defend not only its economic interests but also its strategic political and social interests. The GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) and the CAP (Common Agricultural Policy) today define the limits within which any national agricultural policy must be built. These same limits represent the framework within which every european farmer has to evolve: to imagine how his profession must run and then to create himself an individual identity. The entire agricultural community is at a stage of intense change that the politicans find difficult to grasp in order to clearly define a tenable policy. The present stady shows political, ideological and economic constraints that hinder the organisation of an ambitious cap that should be leading the way for the community's agriculture. It attempts to analyse the community's agricultural perspectives as well as the role the european institutions play in leading the way. Starting with a land study (in the Indre-et-Loire departement, France) implementing a specific legislative measure (set aside lands) this research paper tries to answer a few key questions. How is the new rural and agricultural orientation being drawn up? To what extent does the reform of the cap stand as an element of a change of mentality towards the agricultural sector? In the light of new agricultural orientations, how does rural life itself see its own evolution?
Moulin, Laetitia. "Prévision des crues rapides avec des modèles hydrologiques globaux : application aux bassins opérationnels de la Loire supérieure : évaluation des modélisations, prise en compte des incertitudes sur les précipitations moyennes spatiales et utilisation de prévisions météorologiques." Paris, AgroParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.paristech.org/5392/01/MOULIN_et_couverture.pdf.
Full textThe aim of the present work is the evaluation of lumped rainfall-runoff (RR) models for flood forecasting in the case of upper Loire river catchments. Following the description of Loire catchment at Bas-en-Basset, an analysis demonstrates both the worth and the flaws of presently available data sets. The high variability of these hydrometeorological events enables us to compare RR models in particularly difficult but interesting contexts. Simple conceptual models appear more robust and often more efficient than data-driven models. A further evaluation, based on specific criteria for flood forecasting, highlight the information about flood evolution provided by conceptual RR models, even though modelling errors remain altogether significant while the various models behave in a similar way. Estimation of mean areal precipitation is conducted with kriging tools and a model of uncertainty on mean areal precipitation estimation is proposed and validated on data. These uncertainties are then propagated within RR models. Their impact is reasonably different with respect to catchment size, as a variable part of the global modelling error may be explained. Finally, an exploratory work has demonstrated the usefulness of taking into account probabilistic precipitation forecast into a hydrometeorological chain: longer anticipation has consequently been obtained. Although pre-processing linked to these forecast availability is absolutely necessary As a conclusion, simple tools let us expect improvements in this very perfectible field
Saleh, Imad. "La trajectoire d'intégration des retraités maghrébins en région Centre : indre et Loire : rupture, changement, intégration." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR2012/document.
Full textThis terrain survey realized near 50 reprocessed Maghrebians in the area centers (Indre and the Loire), goes in the opposition to all the generally accepted ideas, and the many studies made until our days. It shows that the Maghrebian immigrants of the first generation, alive in France, have, during a half century, evolved/moved and changed. Their integration exceeds, by far, all that was already known as on the latter. They, under difficult conditions, adapted. Gradually, they adopted another way of life, of new ideas, another glance on themselves and the company of origin, as on the French company. They also have, to some extent, adoptee of the French and universal values which they transmitted to their children and little children. They are not any more what they were before. They have a different identity. The price of these changes, is the successive ruptures with the old values and ideas, and the adoption of new ideas and values
Saliou, Clément. "Vie théâtrale dans le Nord-Ouest de la France (Bretagne, Pays de la Loire, Poitou, Aunis) du XIIIe au XVIe siècle." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20031.
Full textThis PhD research studies drama and the dramatic culture in Latin, French and Breton in northwestern France from the 13th century to the very beginning of the 17th century. It encompasses liturgical drama, mystery plays, farces, morality plays, civic entries and humanist drama, thanks to an interdisciplinary approach combining literary, historical and social elements.This analysis is primarily based on a thorough and comprehensive archive investigation, meant to extend our knowledge about theatrical mentions
Negre, Romaric. "Sensibilité prospective des entreprises à l’amélioration de l’accessibilité ferroviaire : le cas de la ligne à grande vitesse Bretagne – Pays de la Loire." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20065/document.
Full textThe commissioning of a new high-speed rail was not sufficiently studied in light of companies’ strategy. Despite a wary scientific view on the correlation between transport infrastructure and economic development, many local stakes and expectations remain in the served areas. Beyond a prospective understanding on the potential integration of the Bretagne-Pays de la Loire highspeed rail by France’s Grand Ouest (western regions) companies, this thesis provides an analysis of firms’ integration into high-speed transportation public policies. Company heads’ sensibility is studied through its nature, determinants and potential impact that it could foresee on local dynamics. This empirical research consists mainly of interviews with 179 company leaders, on 14 areas in Grand Ouest and Paris region. Increased railway accessibility is analysed according to the specificities of digital activities, banking and insurances, business services and industry.Firms’ spatial activity leads to a better integration of perceptions and private strategies when developing high-speed rail within served areas
Coëdel, Joseph. "Évaluation des politiques publiques d'aide à l'investissement dans les petites entreprises : les plans de modernisation en agriculture : le cas de la Loire-Atlantique à la lumière de l'expérience des Pays de la Loire, de la France et de la Communauté économique européenne." Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100119.
Full textModernization plans, which were first introduced by the European community, have gradually become the linchpin of policy for farm modernization in France. They have achieved the goals set in the legislation ; but they have done so very selectively, and with unwanted side-effects which derive ultimately from the history of the common agricultural policy which engendered them and the contradictions inherent in it. An overall assessment of these plans reveals the other side of modernization which is usually ignored but which nonetheless does affect the results achieved. The assessment shows how modernization plans have tended to widen social and geographic disparities, illustrates the unspoken technical and economic assumptions underlying the models used ; and highlights the importance of human factors in the success or failure of the development projects which have been attempted. On the basis of these findings, recommendations are put forward which are intended as a contribution to what would amount to public policy engineering firm local development : on farm, first of all with a learning process for investment in family farms to enable them to come forward with new and better produce, work on new products and take on new functions ; and off-farm too, with the measures studied being redeployed in this direction and opened up to comparable small businesses outside agriculture, which play a vital role in the local and economic fabric, against the background of a new dialogue between…
Remy, Julie. "L'organisation des territoires du quart nord-ouest de la Gaule (Bretagne et Pays de la Loire) à la fin de l'âge de Fer (IIe-Ier siècle av. n.-è.)." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2016.
Full textAt the end of the Iron Age (2th to 1st century BC), the northwest of the Gaul (the current region of Bretagne and Pays de la Loire) is subdivided into different cities. Eight of them have been subject to a particular attention within the framework of this study. This one included understanding their organization and the various habitation sites unearth by the archaeology. In fact, these last ten years some recent excavations have now supplemented the corpus of the grouped settlements, enclosed or not, as the oppidum of Moulay or Entrammes in Mayenne, or as Trégueux near Saint-Brieuc, motivating the realization of this work. At first, it focused on the forms and the functions of the grouped settlements as a supplement to the numerous already existing syntheses which deal with the rural occupation in Middle and Late La Tène, but also on the form and the place of spaces with religious characters within territories. Then, these analyses may to think about the economic links, even administrative, between these various types of sites, and at the same time in the social structuring of cities and the evolution of their organizations until the change era. Lastly, the main components of the territories of the western fringe of the Gaul were compared with those of the center or east regions of France, as city of Turons, Bituriges, Leuques and Médiomatriques
Foulon, Jean-Hervé. "La réforme de l'Église dans la France de l'Ouest de la fin du XIe siècle au milieu du XIIe siècle : ecclésiologie et mentalités réformatrices." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010685.
Full textThis doctoral thesis paid particular attention to a certain number of reformers among the clergy and their ecclesiological conceptions in the loire country at the turn of the XIth and XIIth centuries. Bishops (Yves de Chartres, Hildebert du Mans, Marbode de Rennes, Ulger d'Angers, Geoffroy Babion), Abbots (Geoffroy de Vendôme, Baudri de Bourgueil) or hermits (Robert d'Arbrissel, Bernard de Tiron, Vital de Savigny) were the true local actors of this reformative process called Gregorian reform ;. These reformers were singled out because they had left a corpus of literary sources which were quite consistent as regards their character and their dating (from 1090 down to 1133 or 1158 for Babion's sermons). These sources enabled us to understand better the reformers' doctrines that were at stake, the ecclesiological conceptions and the various religious sensitivities: about six hundred letters, a hundred sermons or so, several hagiographical works, quite as many historical sources without including the theological treatises and poems. Four parts have enabled us to study on the one hand the religious structures of these parts of the loire valley at the end of the xith century characterized by a distinct permanence of carolingian ideas; and then the human sphere of these reformers: low social origins, their accession to positions of responsibility and power in the church in connection with rome, their social circles and sets of acquaintances. . . ; and on the other hand we have managed to convey their ecclesiological ideas (the preeminence of rome and sacerdotal mediation) while throwing light on reformative sensitivities which turned out to be different (neo-carolingian, first radical Gregorianism, second gregorianism typical of the french milieu); finally it was deemed necessary to specify the religious mentalities underlying these ideals and to ask whether there had been any possible mutation of the religious feeling through the emergence of a personal feeling of guilt
Renaud, Marjorie. "Approche managériale, dynamique et sociométrique de Réseaux de Développement Technologique (RDT) en France : le cas des régions Bretagne, Pays de Loire et Poitou-Charentes." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0651.
Full textEbner, Frédéric. "Évaluation et cartographie de la vulnérabilité des côtes face aux pollutions par les hydrocarbures : le cas du littoral des Pays de la Loire et de la côte Est de la mer d'Azov." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT2004/document.
Full textPollutions of coastal areas by oil spills, where they occur, can have consequences on the environment and the coastal societies. This thesis proposes to assess the coastal vulnerability to pollution according to the seasons and in two very different sites: the coast of Pays de la Loire in France and the East coast of the Azov Sea in Russia. The objective is to identify issues that could be damaged and choose transposable variables, easy to obtain, in order to prioritize them. Many studies in the world have focused on coastal vulnerability at oil pollution since the end of the 1970s. First morphological, biological and economic indexes have been gradually integrated, before the development of a global vulnerability index. It appears that these indexes are often difficult to calculate because of the diversity, the absence or reliability of some data. Our assessment of the environmental sensitivity is based on three variables: the type and nature of substrate, the calculation the remanence in situ which is an innovation and the biological sensibility. Economic vulnerability is evaluated on two levels: first according to the duration of interruption to differentiate activities among themselves, then according to the number of workers to differentiate companies from each other. The mapping results suggest a new transposable approach to coastal vulnerability and represents a potential decision support tool
Lins, Hoyêdo Nunes. "Restructuration du capital, industrialisation périphérique et changement régional essai sur l'évolution contemporaine des structures économiques de l'ouest de la France : régions de programme : pays de la Loire et Bretagne /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615286w.
Full textAmisse, Sylvain. "Dynamiques de cluster : logiques coévolutives et séquences de proximités, le cas du végétal spécialisé." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00982693.
Full textMorice, Anne-Sophie Meslé Bernard. "Rôle de l'histoire de l'avortement et du discours médical sur l'actualité de l'IVG en France ; La mise en place de l'IVG médicamenteuse hors service hospitalier dans les pays de Loire." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/SFmorice.pdf.
Full textThomas, Pierre. "Estimation des comportements des interfaces air-eau et eau-sol dans un estuaire externe amenage." Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT2063.
Full textChoumert, Johanna. "Analyse économique d'un bien public local : les espaces verts." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00477749.
Full textHouet, Thomas. "Occupation des sols et gestion de l'eau : modélisation prospective en paysage agricole fragmenté (Application au Schéma d'Aménagement et de Gestion des Eaux du Blavet)." Rennes 2, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00389835.
Full textSince the new European water policy, water managers must restore a “good ecological state” of water resources for 2015. To be efficient and provide sustainability, water policies have to be implemented at a local scale (i. E. Hedgerow or field scale) but they must also adopt a long term vision, i. E. Considering possible future land use changes. The production of prospective scenarios of landcover and landscape feature changes may help water managers to realize more effective water policy controls. The aim of this work is to implement a generic methodology to build spatialized prospective scenarios. Its application is made on three watersheds representative of the Blavet landscape diversity (Brittany, France). The prospective scenarios made have localized at-risk areas towards water resources and identified stakeholders which contribute to consider spatialized prospective scenarios as powerful tools to help decision-makers to manage water resources efficiently and sustainability
Beaumert, François. "Les disparités locales de chômage." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010004.
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