Journal articles: 'Geometric Greece'

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Cadogan, Gerald. "Nicolas Coldstream (1927–2008)." Annual of the British School at Athens 104 (November 2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400000174.

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Nicolas Coldstream, archaeologist of Greece and the Mediterranean in the 9th and 8th centuries bc, was born in India, educated in England, and carried out the research for his first masterpiece Greek Geometric Pottery (1968) while Macmillan Student at the British School at Athens (1957–60). In 1960 he began a long career at the University of London, culminating with the Yates Chair of Classical Archaeology at University College. Renowned as a teacher, he drew many graduate students, especially from Greece and Cyprus. As a prolific scholar, he also wrote Geometric Greece (1977), many articles, several reports on excavations including The Sanctuary of Demeter at Knossos (1973), the Knossos North Cemetery (1996) with Hector Catling, and Kythera (1972) with George Huxley, as well as the revised editions of his two fundamental monographs.O Nicolas Coldstream, αρχανολόγος της Ελλάδας και της Μεσογείου του 9ου και 8ου αιώνα π.Χ., γεννήθηκε στην Ινδία, σπούδασε στην Αγγλία και πραγματοποίησε έρευνα για την πρώτη του εξαιρετική μονογραφία Greek Geometric Pottery (1968) ως Macmillan Student της Βρετανικής Σχολής Αθηνών (1957–1960). Το 1960 ξεκίνησε την πολύχρονη σταδιοδρομία του στο Πανεπιστήμιο του Λονδίνου, αποκορύφωμα της οποίας υπήρξε η εκλογή του στην έδρα Yates της Κλασικής Αρχαιολογίας στο University College. Διάσημος πανεπιστημιακός δάσκαλος, προσέλκυσε πολλούς μεταπτυχνακούς φοιτητές, ιδιαίτερα από την Ελλάδα και την Κύπρο. Επιστήμονας με μεγάλο ερευνητικό και συγγραφικό έργο, δημοσίευσε επίσης τη μονογραφία Geometrie Greece (1977), πλήθος άρθρων και αρκετές ανασκαφικές εκθέσεις μεταξύ των οποίων The Sanctuary of Demeter στην Κνωσό (1973), Knossos North Cemetery (1996) με τον Hector Catling, Kythera (1972) με τον George Huxley, καθώς επίσης και τις ανατεωρημένες εκδόσεις των δύο βασικών μονογραφιών του.

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Burov, Andrey Mikhailovich. "Early Antique Imagery." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 2, no. 3 (October 15, 2010): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik2330-40.

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The article deals with the early antique period of image functioning (Geometric art, Archaic Greece, Physis Philosophy, Pythagoras). The author reviews the main image strategies of the time, the key one being overcoming the featureless imagery and creating model image constructions, i.e. the initial stage in the history of image development (from Geometrics to the invention of photography in the early 1900s). The softening of linear configurations and shaping of large mental images parallel to ixed style forms make it possible to see the emergence of the exemplary image.

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Charistos, Leonidas, Fani Hatjina, Maria Bouga, Mica Mladenovic, and Anastasios D. Maistros. "Morphological Discrimination of Greek Honey Bee Populations Based on Geometric Morphometrics Analysis of Wing Shape." Journal of Apicultural Science 58, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2014-0007.

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Abstract Honey bees collected from 32 different localities in Greece were studied based on the geometric morphometrics approach using the coordinates of 19 landmarks located at wing vein intersections. Procrustes analysis, principal component analysis, and Canonical variate analysis (CVA) detected population variability among the studied samples. According to the Principal component analysis (PCA ) of pooled data from each locality, the most differentiated populations were the populations from the Aegean island localities Astypalaia, Chios, and Kythira. However, the populations with the most distant according to the canonical variate analysis performed on all measurements were the populations from Heraklion and Chania (both from Crete island). These results can be used as a starting point for the use of geometric morphometrics in the discrimination of honey bee populations in Greece and the establishment of conservation areas for local honey bee populations.

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Antonaccio, Carla M., and Susan Langdon. "New Light on a Dark Age: Exploring the Culture of Geometric Greece." American Journal of Archaeology 102, no. 3 (July 1998): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/506417.

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Whitley, James. "Early states and hero cults: a re-appraisal." Journal of Hellenic Studies 108 (November 1988): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/632638.

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An interest in the Greek idea of the hero, and in the cults established in Greek states to historical or legendary figures endowed with this status, has for long been one of the chief concerns of research into Greek philology and religion. But it is only through the gradual accumulation of archaeological evidence of Geometric and Archaic date that the origins of ‘hero cults’ have begun to be seen as an historical problem requiring an historical explanation. The most recent general works on Geometric and Archaic Greece, by J. N. Coldstream, Anthony Snodgrass and François de Polignac, have long sections devoted to discussing the significance of hero cults, and general ‘pan-hellenic’ explanations have been offered for their occurrence. Whilst there may be much truth in their suggestions, such ‘pan-Hellenic’ explanations ignore important local differences in the archaeological and material manifestations of hero cults. These differences, I would argue, relate in part to the different paths that were taken in the formation and development of early states in Greece. I shall use as examples the two regions of Attica and the Argolid, two areas of Greece where differences both in the manifestations of hero cults and in the paths of social evolution can most easily be traced. Before embarking on a detailed comparison of the two areas however, some discussion of the other general explanations that have been put forward is in order.

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Stampolidis, N. "Eleutherna on Crete; an Interim Report on the Geometric–Archaic Cemetery." Annual of the British School at Athens 85 (November 1990): 375–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400015744.

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This paper gives a preliminary account of the structural and small finds from the excavations of 1985–1988 in the cemetery of Orthe Petra at Eleutherna. Discussion concerns particularly the funerary pyres in trenches with stone lining, the tomb enclosures, pithos-burials and the larger built tombs which date from protogeometric at least to the archaic period. Preliminary comparisons are made with similar customs in other regions as well as Crete, trade links are discussed between Eleutherna and the other cities of Crete, the rest of Greece and the Eastern Mediterranean, revealed particularly by the small finds.

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Kyriazopoulos, George. "Productivity efficiency of the systemic banks: Evidence from Greece." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 1 (2015): 362–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i1c3p4.

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This study delves into the productivity efficiency of Greek systemic banks for the years 2013 and 2014, that is, the two years following the recapitalization process of the Greek banking system. Greece’s ongoing debt crisis has severely inflicted domestic banks by causing significant losses in their bond portfolio through the PSI scheme. The immediate consequences were loan portfolio restructurings and capital injections from the Hellenic Financial Stability Fund (HFSF) in order to rebuild the banking system. Employing Data Envelope Analysis to test banking efficiency, we calculate the Malmquist productivity indices for the post-recapitalization period. Our results display that all Greek systemic banks enjoy a remarkable productivity increase of 17.3% according to the geometric mean approach and 18% according to the weighted mean approach.

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Chroni, Antonia, Ana Grković, Jelena Ačanski, Ante Vujić, Snežana Radenković, Nevena Veličković, Mihajla Djan, and Theodora Petanidou. "Disentangling a cryptic species complex and defining new species within the Eumerus minotaurus group (Diptera: Syrphidae), based on integrative taxonomy and Aegean palaeogeography." Contributions to Zoology 87, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 197–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-08704001.

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This study provides an overview of the Eumerus minotaurus taxon group, diagnosing a new species, E. anatolicus Grković, Vujić and Radenković sp. n. (Muğla, Turkey), and unraveling three cryptic species within E. minotaurus: E. karyates Chroni, Grković and Vujić sp. n. (Peloponnese, Greece), E. minotaurus Claussen and Lucas, 1988 (Crete and Karpathos, Greece) and E. phaeacus Chroni, Grković and Vujić sp. n. (Corfu and Mt Olympus, Greece; Mt Rumija, Montenegro). We applied an integrative taxonomic approach based on molecular, morphological and wing geometric morphometric data to corroborate and delimit cryptic species within the complex. In addition, we discuss the latent biogeographic patterns and speciation processes leading to configuration of the E. minotaurus group based on palaeogeographic evolution of the Aegean. Mitochondrial phylogeographic analysis suggested that speciation within the E. minotaurus group is attributable to formation of the mid-Aegean Trench and Messinian Salinity Crisis, and was integrated at the Pleistocene. We show that more accurate estimates of divergence times may be based on geological events rather than the standard arthropod mtDNA substitution rate.

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Lianou, Daphne T., Charalambia K. Michael, Natalia G. C. Vasileiou, Efthimia Petinaki, Peter J. Cripps, Katerina Tsilipounidaki, Angeliki I. Katsafadou, et al. "Extensive countrywide field investigation of somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts in bulk tank raw milk in goat herds in Greece." Journal of Dairy Research 88, no. 3 (August 2021): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029921000674.

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AbstractDairy goat farming is an important sector of the agricultural industry in Greece, with an annual total milk production exceeding 450 000 l and accounting for over 25% of all goat milk produced in the European Union; this milk is used mainly for cheese production. Despite the importance of goat milk for the agricultural sector in Greece, no systematic countrywide investigations in the bulk-tank milk of goats in Greece have been reported. Objectives were to investigate somatic cell counts (SCC) and total bacterial counts (TBC) in raw bulk-tank milk of goat herds in Greece, study factors influencing SCC and TBC therein and evaluate their possible associations with milk content. Throughout Greece, 119 dairy goat herds were visited for milk sampling for somatic cell counting, microbiological examination and composition measurement. Geometric mean SCC and TBC were 0.838 × 106 cells ml−1 and 581 × 103 cfu ml−1, respectively. Multivariable analyses revealed annual frequency of check-ups of milking system and total milk quantity per goat (among 53 variables) to be significant for increased SCC; no factor emerged (among 58 variables) to be significant for increased TBC. Negative correlation of SCC with total protein was found; mean total protein content in the bulk-tank milk in herds with SCC >0.75 × 106 cells ml−1 was 5.1% lower and in herds with SCC >1.5 × 106 cells ml−1, it was 7.8% lower.

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Kokkalas, S. "SEGMENTATION AND INTERACTION OF NORMAL FAULTS IN CENTRAL GREECE." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 1 (January 19, 2017): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11194.

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The aim of this study is to improve our understanding on the mechanical interaction and linkage process between normal fault segments. Faults grow by the process of radial propagation and the linkage of segments, as strain increases, evolving to large fault systems. For this purpose we conducted a combined field and photogeological study on two major segmented fault zones in Central Greece, the Atalanti and Arkitsa fault zones. This approach includes effects of fault size and spatial distribution, scaling laws and footwall-hanginwall topography. Throw distribution and the geometry of the segmented fault arrays were analyzed in order to investigate the complexity of fault zones, the fault linkage process and the geometric characteristics of the relay zones formed between individual segments. The correlation of fault throw with fault length (D-L) and the ratios of overlap-separation (OL-S), separation-fault segment length (S-L) and relay displacement vs. separation (Dr-S) were examined in order to give an insight for fault segment interaction and linkage .

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Diamanti, Eleni, Andreas Georgopoulos, and Fotini Vlachaki. "Geometric documentation of underwater archaeological sites." Geoinformatics FCE CTU 11 (December 28, 2013): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.11.3.

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Photogrammetry has often been the most preferable method for the geometric documentation of monuments, especially in cases of highly complex objects, of high accuracy and quality requirements and, of course, budget, time or accessibility limitations. Such limitations, requirements and complexities are undoubtedly features of the highly challenging task of surveying an underwater archaeological site. This paper is focused on the case of a Hellenistic shipwreck found in Greece at the Southern Euboean gulf, 40-47 meters below the sea surface. Underwater photogrammetry was chosen as the ideal solution for the detailed and accurate mapping of a shipwreck located in an environment with limited accessibility. There are time limitations when diving at these depths so it is essential that the data collection time is kept as short as possible. This makes custom surveying techniques rather impossible to apply. However, with the growing use of consumer cameras and photogrammetric software, this application is becoming easier, thus benefiting a wide variety of underwater sites. Utilizing cameras for underwater photogrammetry though, poses some crucial modeling problems, due to the refraction effect and further additional parameters which have to be co-estimated [1]. The applied method involved an underwater calibration of the camera as well as conventional field survey measurements in order to establish a reference frame. The application of a three-dimensional trilateration using common tape measures was chosen for this reason. Among the software that was used for surveying and photogrammetry processing, were Site Recorder SE, Eos Systems Photomodeler, ZI’s SSK and Rhinoceros. The underwater archaeological research at the Southern Euboean gulf is a continuing project carried out by the Hellenic Institute for Marine Archaeology (H.I.M.A.) in collaboration with the Greek Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities, under the direction of the archaeologist G.Koutsouflakis. The geometric documentation of the shipwreck was the result of the collaboration between H.I.M.A. and the National Technical University of Athens.

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Barber, R. L. N., and Kenneth A. Sheedy. "John M. Cook (1910–1994): A Bibliography." Annual of the British School at Athens 92 (November 1997): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400016774.

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The bibliography is intended as a tribute to Cook and his work, and as an aid to researchers in similar fields. Its main subdivisions reflect his interests—Asia Minor: archaeology, topography and history; Greece: archaeological and topographical studies; Attic Geometric and Protoattic pottery; Greek art (and other topics). Books, articles, and reviews are presented separately. The academic bibliography is preceded by references to material on the life of J. M. Cook, and succeeded by a list of obituary notices.

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Lianou, Daphne T., Charalambia K. Michael, Natalia G. C. Vasileiou, Efthymia Petinaki, Peter J. Cripps, Katerina Tsilipounidaki, Angeliki I. Katsafadou, et al. "Extensive Countrywide Field Investigation of Somatic Cell Counts and Total Bacterial Counts in Bulk-Tank Raw Milk in Sheep Flocks in Greece." Foods 10, no. 2 (January 28, 2021): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10020268.

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Objectives were to investigate somatic cell counts (SCC) and total bacterial counts (TBC) in the raw bulk-tank milk of sheep flocks in Greece, to study factors potentially influencing increased SCC and TBC in the bulk-tank milk of sheep and to evaluate possible associations of SCC and TBC with milk content. Throughout Greece, 325 dairy sheep flocks were visited for collection of milk sampling for somatic cell counting, microbiological examination and composition measurement. Geometric mean SCC were 0.488 × 106 cells mL−1; geometric mean TBC were 398 × 103 cfu mL−1; 228 staphylococcal isolates were recovered form 206 flocks (63.4%). Multivariable analyses revealed annual incidence risk of clinical mastitis, age of the farmer and month into lactation period (among 53 variables) to be significant for SCC > 1.0 × 106 cells mL−1 and month into lactation period at sampling and availability of mechanical ventilators (among 58 variables) to be significant for TBC > 1500 × 103 cfu mL−1. Negative correlation of SCC with fat, total protein and lactose and positive correlation of SCC with added water were found. With SCC > 1.0 × 106 cells mL−1, significant reduction of protein content (2%) was observed, whilst in flocks with SCC > 1.5 × 106 cells mL−1, significantly lower annual milk production per ewe (42.9%) was recorded.

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Sidiropoulos, A. A., K. N. Lakakis, and V. K. Mouza. "LOCALIZATION OF PATHOLOGY ON COMPLEX ARCHITECTURE BUILDING SURFACES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W3 (February 23, 2017): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w3-617-2017.

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The technology of 3D laser scanning is considered as one of the most common methods for heritage documentation. The point clouds that are being produced provide information of high detail, both geometric and thematic. There are various studies that examine techniques of the best exploitation of this information. In this study, an algorithm of pathology localization, such as cracks and fissures, on complex building surfaces is being tested. The algorithm makes use of the points’ position in the point cloud and tries to distinguish them in two groups-patterns; pathology and non-pathology. The extraction of the geometric information that is being used for recognizing the pattern of the points is being accomplished via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in user-specified neighborhoods in the whole point cloud. The implementation of PCA leads to the definition of the normal vector at each point of the cloud. Two tests that operate separately examine both local and global geometric criteria among the points and conclude which of them should be categorized as pathology. The proposed algorithm was tested on parts of the Gazi Evrenos Baths masonry, which are located at the city of Giannitsa at Northern Greece.

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Ebbinghaus, Susanne. "Protector of the city, or the art of storage in early Greece." Journal of Hellenic Studies 125 (November 2005): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075426900007102.

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AbstractIn the Late Geometric and Orientalizing periods, storage vessels with elaborate relief decoration were produced in several Aegean islands, most notably the northern Cyclades, Crete and Rhodes. This article interprets the amphora-shaped relief pithos as a function of prevailing social, economic and living conditions. It is argued that rather than being inspired by funerary or votive uses, the relief pithoi of the Tenian-Boeotian group are the material expression of the vital importance of food storage, which not only ensured subsistence but was an essential prerequisite for social differentiation. Relief pithoi were a form of conspicuous storage. Against this background, the unique iconography of the Tenian-Boeotian pithoi is revisited and the enigmatic fallen warrior on the Mykonos Pithos identified as a possible role model for seventh-century aristocrats.

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Bauer, Catherine C., Stefano Benazzi, Andreas Darlas, and Katerina Harvati. "Geometric morphometric analysis and internal structure measurements of the Neanderthal lower fourth premolars from Kalamakia, Greece." Quaternary International 497 (December 2018): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.01.035.

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Antonkiewicz, Jacek, and Jan Łabętowicz. "Chemical Innovation in Plant Nutrition in a Historical Continuum from Ancient Greece and Rome until Modern Times." Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology 21, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2016): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdem-2016-0002.

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AbstractThis monograph aims to present how arduously views on plant nutrition shaped over centuries and how the foundation of environmental knowledge concerning these issues was created. This publication also presents current problems and trends in studies concerning plant nutrition, showing their new dimension. This new dimension is determined, on one hand, by the need to feed the world population increasing in geometric progression, and on the other hand by growing environmental problems connected with intensification of agricultural production.

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Gaitanopoulos, A., K. Albanakis, and K. Vouvalidis. "GEOMORPHOLOGICAL AND BATHYMETRIC RESEARCH ON LAKES ZERELIA OF ALMYROS (CENTRAL GREECE)." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 50, no. 1 (July 27, 2017): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11732.

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The area of interest is located close to Almyros city, at the prefecture of Magnesia (Central Greece), where the twin lakes Zerelia are situated. The origin of these twin lakes is not clear, however, many hypotheses have been proposed over the years. A lack of large-scale mapping in the surrounding area and a high resolution spatial depiction of the topography, hinders the extractionof conclusions on the twin lakes' origin. Also, previous studies have focused on surficial evidence to support hypotheses, rather than investigating the geometric characteristics and the spatial lay-out of the twin lakes. Filling this gap, measurements of depth via sonar in Zerelia lakes were performed. The bathymetric data along with the digitized, high-resolution topographic data of the surrounding terrain were imported in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. The area was depicted with high accuracythrough DEMs and conclusions for the landscape were extracted. The above analysis contributed towards an appreciation of the intense interplay between erosional andtectonic processes in the area and deemed drainage antecedence an important element that needs to be accounted for, in any interpretation of the origin of the twin lakes Zerelia.

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Ioannidou, Melania, George D. Koufos, Louis Bonis, and Katerina Harvati. "A new three‐dimensional geometric morphometrics analysis of the Ouranopithecus macedoniensis cranium (Late Miocene, Central Macedonia, Greece)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 170, no. 2 (July 24, 2019): 295–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23900.

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Kourkounti, S., N. Mavrianou, Va Paparizos, K. Kyriakis, M. Hatzivassiliou, T. Kordosis, and A. Katsambas. "Immune response to hepatitis a vaccination in HIV-infected men in Greece." International Journal of STD & AIDS 23, no. 7 (July 2012): 464–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/ijsa.2011.011297.

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HIV-infected patients are at increased risk for acquiring hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. We evaluated the seroconversion rate (anti-HAV antibodies ≥ 20 mIU/ml) and the geometric mean antibody titres (GMTs) in a group of 351 HIV infected men, who had received two doses of a hepatitis A vaccine. We analysed blood samples collected at one, six, 12 and 18 months following the administration of the second dose of the vaccine. The seroconversion rate one month after the second dose of the vaccine was 74.4% (260/351). At month 18 after the end of vaccination, 56.1 % of the subjects remained seropositive. GMTs were 315, 203,153 and 126 mIU/ml at months 1,6, 12, and 18, respectively. Logistic regression revealed that the CD4 count is the only factor affecting response to vaccination ( P = 0.019). A higher response rate and higher GMTs were observed in patients with CD4 counts ≥500 cells/mm3 (76.6%) than in patients with CD4 counts 200–499 cells/mm3. In conclusion, even in patients with near-normal CD4 counts, the response to the hepatitis A vaccine is impaired.

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Kontogianni, V. A., M. Roumanis, P. A. Psimoulis, A. Sfeikos, and S. C. Stiros. "ESTIMATION OF THE STRAIN TENSOR IN TUNNEL SECTIONS, BASED ON GEOMETRIC (GEODETIC ETC.) DATA." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 36, no. 4 (January 1, 2004): 1918. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16676.

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Monitoring of tunnel deformation during their excavation is based on measurements of displacements of either single points or contraction of selected distances across the tunnel section. Such data, however, due to measurement errors and local effects may not be consistent with each other, and cannot describe precisely the real behavior of the ground/support shell. In the present study, a theory introduced to estimate the ground surface strain field on the basis of surveying measurements is adopted in order to estimate the average strain of tunnel sections. This theory is based on the assumption of uniform deformation across the tunnel section and of measurements affected by random errors only and uses repeated monitoring data (displacements or distance changes). The proposed theory was applied to deformation data from representative sections of the Acheloos Diversion Tunnel (Western Thessaly, Greece), subject to nearly uniform strain. Mean strain changes were estimated for various time intervals following the excavation. About one year after the excavation, maximum horizontal strain of -1.3%, accompanied by practically negligible vertical strain, was computed.

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Vafidis, A., N. Andronikidis, H. Hamdan, G. Kritikakis, N. Economou, G. Panagopoulos, P. Soupios, E. Steiakakis, and E. Manoutsoglou. "The CLEARWATER project: preliminary results from the geophysical survey in Tympaki, Crete, Greece." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 3 (December 21, 2016): 1338. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.10916.

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One of the most important environmental problems in coastal areas is the salinization of ground water. The groundwater contamination due to seawater intrusion is usually caused by a violation of a delicate hydrogeological balance that exists between freshwater and seawater in coastal aquifers. The development of a methodology for the prediction of the systematic sea water intrusion can contribute to the planning of effective prevention measures in the coastal areas. The geophysical techniques offer a suitable non-invasive method for determining the geometric characteristics of an aquifer and monitoring the saline water intrusion. Among all geophysical techniques, the most successful methods, concerning the detection of salinization in the coastal areas, are the electric resistivity and electromagnetic methods. Seismic methods can also help in providing further geological information for the stratigraphy. In this work, we present the preliminary results from the geoelectrical survey conducted in Tympaki basin (Herakleio, Greece) within the framework of the project “geophysiCaL basEd hydrogeologicAl modeling to pRevent pollution from sea WATER intrusion at coastal areas”

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Curtis, John. "Mesopotamian bronzes from Greek sites: the workshops of origin." Iraq 56 (1994): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021088900002771.

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It is well-known that close contacts between Greece and the Near East were already being forged in the Geometric Period (c. 1100–750 BC) and this resulted in objects of Near Eastern origin being imported into Greece well before the mid-8th century, for example ivories and metal bowls. It is assumed these Oriental goods and influences were transmitted to Greece and the islands via the Phoenician ports on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean and to a lesser extent overland through Anatolia. In the subsequent Archaic Period (c. 750–500 BC), particularly in the so-called Early Orientalizing Period, these contacts were intensified and the importation of Near Eastern luxury goods is attested by the presence of ivory plaques for furniture, bowls, cauldrons, weapons and jewellery. In this period, too, Oriental forms and motifs were copied or adapted to produce objects in a so-called Orientalizing style. The problem is therefore twofold. The first difficulty is to distinguish between objects imported from the Near East and those produced locally but deriving their inspiration from the Near East (Oriental versus Orientalizing). The second problem is to decide, if an object is Oriental, which part of the Near East it comes from. It is clear that many different cultures are represented: as well as Assyrian and Babylonian, there are also Phoenician, Syrian, Neo-Hittite, Urartian, Phrygian, Iranian, Caucasian and Egyptian. It is often difficult to distinguish between the products of these cultures, even when the material is found in the Near East where there was considerable interchange of goods particularly in the early 1st millennium BC, and it is even more difficult when it is found in Greece. Pierre Demargne took a particularly pessimistic view. He wrote:“It is hard to classify the Oriental objects found in Greece. Our knowledge of them is still too meagre for us to distinguish with any certainty between ‘Oriental’ or ‘Orientalizing’ or to plot out a chronological and geographical distribution of objects according to their more or less Orientalizing nature. Nor have we any reliable means of tracing these objects to specific workshops in the East. We can only assume that the art centres whence they came were numerous” (Demargne 1964, p. 329).

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Chatziangelou, M., and B. Christaras. "Influence of the geometric characteristics of wedges on the safety of Vrasna tunnel in Egnatia highway, N. Greece." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 1634. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.17067.

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The present paper concerns the influence of the geometric characteristics of the potential wedges on tunnels safety, which are supported by shotcrete and rock bolts, during the excavation of poor and medium quality rock mass, in accordance to RMR classification system. The geological and tectonic data which were used in our estimations were collected in situ during the excavation of Vrasna's tunnel. According to shear test along discontinuities planes, friction angle was considered 21° on schistosity planes and 35° on joint planes. Furthermore, no cohesion was taken into account, as the fractures were, more or less, opened. The orientation and spacing of discontinuities were taken into account for estimating tunnel stability, given that they affect the strength and the quality of the rock mass during the construction. The collected data and the obtained, after elaboration, results were correlated statistically and power regressions were determined

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Kaimaris, Dimitris, George Karadedos, Charalampos Georgiadis, and Petros Patias. "Locating and Mapping the Traces of the Covered Ancient Theater of Amphipolis (Eastern Macedonia, Greece)." Heritage 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 306–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage1020020.

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Ancient Amphipolis (Eastern Macedonia, Greece) is one of the most important archaeological sites of Greece. Despite the restricted excavation studies, important monuments have been discovered, such as the city walls and the Macedonian burial site at the Kasta hill, etc. Currently, the location of the ancient theater is unknown and only assumptions can be made regarding its location. In the current study, we aim to detect the accurate location of the ancient theater using archaeological prospection tools, data collected from the excavated sites, and testimonies of people of the modern city. For the first step of the approach, the approximate location of the ancient theater was determined using information derived by archived geospatial data (multi-temporal aerial photographs, satellite image, and Digital Terrain Model (DTM) of the area) as well as information regarding the neighboring excavated sites. For the in-depth study of the area of interest, a drone was used for the acquisition of high-resolution geospatial data. The generated orthorectified image (3 cm spatial resolution), DTM, and Digital Surface Model (DSM) allowed the determination of the potential location of the buried orchestra’s center using geometric rules for the design of ancient theaters. Furthermore, using the produced DSM and DTM, terrain cross-sections were generated.

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Nessel, Michał, and Szymon Filipowski. "EXAMPLES OF GENETIC ALGORITHMS USAGE IN GEOMETRY AND ALGORITHMIC DESIGN." Boletim da Aproged, no. 34 (December 2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0004.

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In this paper, the authors test genetic algorithms as geometric and design issues’ solvers to explain and explore the possibilities of this computing technique in design and research. The tests and explanations are based on three classical geometry problems of the Ancient Greece and on a pattern distribution algorithm, created by the authors and inspired by the definition of Lebesgue covering dimension. The basic tools for research are: Rhinoceros, the Grasshopper plug-in and the Galapagos tool. The tests prove that, as a result based on computing techniques, genetic algorithms can be used to find solutions without the implementation of analytic methods. This advantage of evolutionary computing can be very useful in case of complex issues, where implementation of analytic methods reveals itself difficult or even impossible.

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Pertsinidou, C. E., G. Tsaklidis, and E. Papadimitriou. "Seismic hazard assessment in the Northern Aegean Sea (Greece) through discrete Semi-Markov modeling." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 3 (December 21, 2016): 1417. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.10963.

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Semi-Markov chains are used for studying the evolution of seismicity in the Northern Aegean Sea (Greece). Their main difference from the Markov chains is that they allow the sojourn times (i.e. the time between successive earthquakes), to follow any arbitrary distribution. It is assumed that the time series of earthquakes that occurred in Northern Aegean Sea form a discrete semi-Markov chain. The probability law of the sojourn times, is considered to be the geometric distribution or the discrete Weibull distribution. Firstly, the data are classified into two categories that is, state 1: Magnitude 6.5 -7 and state 2 Magnitude>7, and secondly into three categories , that is state 1: Magnitude 6.5-6.7, state 2: Magnitude 6.8-7.1 and state 3: Magnitude 7.2-7.4 . This methodology is followed in order to obtain more accurate results and find out whether there exists an impact of the different classification on the results. The parameters of the probability laws of the sojourn times are estimated and the semi-Markov kernels are evaluated for all the above cases . The semi-Markov kernels are compared and the conclusions are drawn relatively to future seismic hazard in the area under study.

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Delegou, Ekaterini T., Georgia Mourgi, Elisavet Tsilimantou, Charalabos Ioannidis, and Antonia Moropoulou. "A Multidisciplinary Approach for Historic Buildings Diagnosis: The Case Study of the Kaisariani Monastery." Heritage 2, no. 2 (April 20, 2019): 1211–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2020079.

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In this work, a multi-disciplinary approach regarding diagnostic study processes is presented, using as an example the Catholicon of Kaisariani Monastery in Attica, Greece. Kaisariani Monastery is considered one of the most important Byzantine architectural complexes in Greece. The Catholicon of Kaisariani Monastery was built during the middle Byzantine period, and has undergone many reconstructions during the centuries. It is a semi-complex, four-columned, cross-in-square church, with a cloisonné masonry. The suggested diagnostic processes included the creation of multidisciplinary thematic maps in Computer Aided Design (CAD) environment, which incorporated: (a) data of historical and architectural documentation; (b) data of geometric documentation; and (c) data of building materials characterization and decay diagnosis. The historical and general architectural data were acquired by thorough bibliographical/archival research. Geometric documentation data were acquired by three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner for the creation of the Catholicon section drawings, whereas image based photogrammetric techniques were utilized for the creation of a 3D textured model, from which orthoimages and architectural drawings of the Catholicon façades were developed. In parallel, characterization of building materials and identification of decay patterns took place after the onsite application of the nondestructive techniques of digital microscopy, infrared thermography and ground penetrating radar. These vast array kinds of data were elaborated and integrated into the architectural drawings, developing thematic maps that record and represent the current preservation state of the monument, a concerning major construction phases, the most important conservation intervention projects, building materials and decay. Furthermore, data quantification regarding the extent of building materials and decay at each monument’s façade took place. Therefore, correlation and better understanding of the environmental impact on building materials according to façade orientation and historical data, e.g., construction phases, was accomplished. In conclusion, the presented processes are multidisciplinary tasks that require collaboration among architects, surveyor engineers and materials scientists/engineers. They are also prerequisites for the planning and application of compatible and efficient conservation/restoration interventions, for the ultimate goal of the sustainable protection of a monument.

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Potsiou, Chryssy, Cornel Paunescu, Charalabos Ioannidis, Konstantinos Apostolopoulos, and Florin Nache. "Reliable 2D Crowdsourced Cadastral Surveys: Case Studies from Greece and Romania." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9020089.

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This paper is part of a doctoral dissertation (PhD) research that investigates the development of a procedure for reliable 2D crowdsourced cadastral surveying introducing the use of new Information Technology IT tools and increased citizen participation, supported by m-services. For the development of this procedure, the formal cadastral procedure applied currently in two Europeans countries, Greece and Romania, for their modern nation-wide projects is firstly investigated. The first part of this paper briefly investigates the current stage of progress of those projects in both countries, as well as the specifications and procedures applied for the cadastral surveys, and assesses the level of participation of the right holders and the efficiency of the current procedures. Then, a proposal for a crowdsourced general procedure with increased participation of the right holders in the initial cadastral data collection phase is designed that it may be of value either for the planners of those two projects to improve their projects towards a more fit-for-purpose approach and successfully meet the deadlines timely, or for researchers and planners of other projects with similar nation-wide approaches which also require accurate, assured and authoritative end products. For the assessment of the applicability of the proposal, three case studies are held and tested in urban, rural and suburban areas in both countries, using both a commercial application and an open source one. These crowdsourced surveys are compared to the formal cadastral surveys that have been compiled by cadastral professionals in both countries and the achieved results are assessed and judged as satisfactory in terms of geometric accuracies and the avoidance of gross errors in the location of the parcels. A proposal for future research in order to further improve the proposed procedure is discussed.

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Howland, Matthew D., Anthony Tamberino, Ioannis Liritzis, and Thomas E. Levy. "Digital Deforestation: Comparing Automated Approaches to the Production of Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) in Agisoft Metashape." Quaternary 5, no. 1 (January 14, 2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat5010005.

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This paper tests the suitability of automated point cloud classification tools provided by the popular image-based modeling (IBM) software package Agisoft Metashape for the generation of digital terrain models (DTMs) at moderately-vegetated archaeological sites. DTMs are often required for various forms of archaeological mapping and analysis. The suite of tools provided by Agisoft are relatively user-friendly as compared to many point cloud classification algorithms and do not require the use of additional software. Based on a case study from the Mycenaean site of Kastrouli, Greece, the mostly-automated, geometric classification tool “Classify Ground Points” provides the best results and produces a quality DTM that is sufficient for mapping and analysis. Each of the methods tested in this paper can likely be improved through manual editing of point cloud classification.

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LAMPROPOULOS, Georgios, Yorgos PHOTIS, and Maria PIGAKI. "Perceived and lived space in the modern city. A case study for Akadimia Platonos neighborhood, Athens, Greece." European Journal of Geography 11, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 64–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.48088/ejg.g.lam.11.4.64.92.

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The main objective of this paper is to perform a spatial analysis of everyday life experiences by enriching a socio-spatial approach within the boundaries of Akadimia Platonos neighborhood, in the city of Athens. It investigates the convergences and divergences that are observed between two different manifestations of space, as they have been approached through Henri Lefebvre’s social theory of space, the perceived space and the lived space. Mainly, the designed-geometric space, enhanced with all those relationships programmed for social reproduction, creates an experience for its users. Does this lived experience, that is expected to be experienced, actually correspond to reality? In the methodological framework proposed, perceived space (as spatial practices) is examined through the space syntax analysis of the study area, while lived space (as representational spaces) is accessed through questionnaire interviews, which examine the space perception of residents, workers, visitors, passers-by, using it.

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Stamnas, A., O. Georgoula, and P. Patias. "DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOCOL FOR A GIS RELATED TO THE RESTORATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE BUILDINGS AND SITES THROUGH DOCUMENTATION STAGE." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (August 28, 2021): 705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-705-2021.

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Abstract. The Conservation and the Restoration of Cultural Heritage is a particularly specialized and interdisciplinary process. It requires scientific monitoring and planning and incorporation of skills and knowledge in the academic milieu. Relevant studies programs and courses are primarily designed to explore the possibility of cooperation between scientists (archaeologists, architects, surveyors, engineers etc.). Participating in such an educational institution (Interdepartmental Program of Postgraduate Studies “Protection, Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Monuments”, AUTh, Greece), the development of a protocol for a GIS related to the restoration of cultural heritage buildings and sites through documentation stage was born out of necessity.Α GIS application including the documentation (geometric, architectural, structural etc.) of the historical complex of Saint John, the Baptist (19th century, Kavala, Greece), while using modern 3D representational techniques (laser scanner, topography, photogrammetry, GPS), and the related thematic information (analysis, archive data) has been organized for that purpose and has been used as a case study.The main objectives of the project are to give guidelines regarding the collection, the processing and the management of heritage data, to articulate the cross-disciplinary collaboration/synergy and to provide an educational toolkit. The methodology is proposed to be applied to other objects of study such as archaeological sites, individual structures, monuments and sites of different dating and use (e.g., industrial, religious, fortification etc.).

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Šašić Zorić, Ljiljana, Jelena Ačanski, Ante Vujić, Gunilla Ståhls, Mihajla Djan, and Snežana Radenković. "Resolving the taxonomy of the Merodon dobrogensis species subgroup (Diptera: Syrphidae), with the description of a new species." Canadian Entomologist 152, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 36–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2019.72.

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AbstractThe taxonomy of Merodon dobrogensis Bradescu, 1982 (Diptera: Syrphidae) species subgroup was reviewed. Multiple data sources (morphology, geometric morphometry of wings and surstylus, molecular data, and distributional data) were used to investigate the species subgroup in the manner of integrative taxonomy. Merodon dobrogensis Bradescu, 1982 and M. puniceus Vujić, Radenković, and Pérez-Bañón, 2011 are supported as distinct species belonging to the M. dobrogensis species complex within the M. dobrogensis species subgroup. Additionally, evidence is presented for the description of a new species, M. rojoi Radenković and Vujić new species, with a distribution in mainland Greece, the Greek island Euboea, and the Peloponnese. A short diagnosis is provided for the M. aureus species group, the M. dobrogensis species subgroup, and the newly defined M. dobrogensis species complex, in addition to a description of the new species, with drawings and photographs of adult morphology.

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Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Efstratios Valakos, and Efthymia Nikita. "Skeletal Sex Estimation Methods Based on the Athens Collection." Forensic Sciences 2, no. 4 (October 30, 2022): 715–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci2040053.

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The aim of this paper was to present all studies that have used the Athens Collection in order to develop methods for skeletal sex estimations and highlight the importance of documented skeletal reference collections in forensic anthropology. The Athens Collection is housed at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; it consists of 250 individuals and both sexes are well-represented. Several studies have used this collection for skeletal sex estimations. In particular, macroscopic observation methods have been used based on the cranium and pelvis; metric methods, including geometric morphometrics, have been applied to cranial and postcranial elements. These studies involved both the development of methods for the sex estimation of Greek/Eastern Mediterranean assemblages and an examination of the accuracy of the existing methods, thus making this collection a key resource for forensic anthropological and bioarchaeological research.

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Arvanitidis, C., D. Koutsoubas, C. Dounas, and A. Eleftheriou. "Annelid fauna of a Mediterranean lagoon (Gialova Lagoon, south-west Greece): community structure in a severely fluctuating environment." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 79, no. 5 (October 1999): 849–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315499001010.

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The annelid community of a shallow Mediterranean lagoon (Gialova Lagoon, Ionian Sea) was studied on a seasonal basis. Out of the 39 species identified eight are reported for the first time from the central Mediterranean. The dominant species were the polychaetes Capitella capitata, Neodexiospira pseudocorrugata, Malacoceros fuliginosus, Perinereis cultrifera, Hediste diversicolor, Heteromastus filiformis and the oligochaete Limnodriloides maslinicensis. Uni- and multivariate methods were employed to study the community structure. The coenocline observed is strongly related to the degree of isolation; its main features (i.e. number of species, density, geometric abundance and size-classes) in space and time are presented and discussed in detail. The distribution pattern of the annelid community has been found to be governed by a different set of environmental factors in each season. Although this narrow lagoonal habitat suffers severe dystrophic episodes it manages to recover, demonstrating a seasonal community pattern.

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Melfos, V., P. Voudouris, L. Papadopoulou, S. Sdrolia, and B. Helly. "MINERALOGICAL, PETROGRAPHIC AND STABLE ISOTOPIC STUDY OF ANCIENT WHITE MARBLE QUARRIES IN THESSALY, GREECE - II. CHASANBALI, TEMPI, ATRAX, TISAION MOUNTAIN." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 2 (January 23, 2017): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11250.

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The present study focuses on the identification of marble sources from four ancient quarries in Thessaly, including Atrax, Tempi, Chasanbali and Tisaion and aims in characterizing the variations of the mineralogical and petrographic features, and the stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ18O). The results provide additional data and complete the databases presented in previous works from Kastri, Kalochorion and Gonnoi. Microscopy was employed both to evidence the geometrical relationships among the mineral constituents, with particular reference to calcite, and to detect the accessory grains. The studied marbles demonstrate various textures, whereas the maximum grain size of calcites has been used to discriminate the marbles. The geometric relationships of carbonate grains, such as the grain boundary shape, were also evaluated. According to the stable isotope compositions, most of the samples plot in the same area, although some groupings are observed.

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Papadopoulou, Ermioni-Eirini, Vlasios Kasapakis, Christos Vasilakos, Apostolos Papakonstantinou, Nikolaos Zouros, Athanasia Chroni, and Nikolaos Soulakellis. "Geovisualization of the Excavation Process in the Lesvos Petrified Forest, Greece Using Augmented Reality." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 6 (June 7, 2020): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9060374.

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Augmented reality (AR), in conjunction with 3D geovisualization methods, can provide significant support in monitoring geoconservation activities in protected geosites, such as the excavation process in fossil sites. The excavation process requires a monitoring methodology that will provide a complete and accurate overview of the fossils, their dimensions, and location within the different pyroclastic horizons, and the progress of the excavation works. The main purpose of this paper is the development of a user-friendly augmented map application, specifically designed for tracking the position of petrified tree trunks, providing information for their geometric features, and mapping the spatiotemporal changes occurring in the surrounding space. It also aims to probe whether the rapid acquisition of a 4K video can generate cartographic derivatives of petrified findings during a geosite excavation. A database accumulated 2D and 3D cartographic information, while the geovisualization environment displayed the surface alterations, at two scales: a) 1:500 (excavation area) and b) 1:50 (trench level). Unmanned aerial systems (UASs), used for data acquisition in three excavation periods, consisted of two flights at two different altitudes: one to record changes throughout the study area and the other to provide information on trunks at trench level, via a high-resolution (4K) video. Image-based 3D modeling followed, in which image georeferencing was conducted with ground control points (GCPs). Finally, 2D and 3D geovisualizations were created to depict the excavation changes through time. The cartographic products generated at two cartographic scales depicted the spatiotemporal changes of the excavation.

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Ioannidou, Melania, George D. Koufos, Louis Bonis, and Katerina Harvati. "3D geometric morphometrics analysis of mandibular fragments of Ouranopithecus macedoniensis from the late Miocene deposits of Central Macedonia, Greece." American Journal of Biological Anthropology 177, no. 1 (October 19, 2021): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.24420.

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Salvalaggio, Matteo, Jacopo Bonetto, Matteo Zampar, and Maria Rosa Valluzzi. "Numerical Prediction of the Seismic Behavior of Reassembled Columns in Ancient Structures: An Anastylosis Model for the Temple of Apollo Pythios in Gortyn (Crete)." Heritage 4, no. 4 (October 14, 2021): 3421–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4040190.

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The Temple of Apollo Pythios in Gortyn (Crete, Greece) dates back to the mid-7th century BC. The temple underwent several transformations and an ultimate destruction over time that resulted in the current remains of a Roman colonnade composed of six fragmented stone columns lying on the ground within the naos. In addition, the region was struck by several earthquakes which contributed to the various changes. The analysis of the fragments composing the column portions and their geometric features provided a possible outline for their standing repositioning. Based on the current seismic hazard of the region, a predictive numerical model of the colonnade in the anastylosis conditions suggested the need for proper connections between the fragments and the bases to ensure their overall conservation as a compound structure. The comparison of various configurations of intervention and the simple superimposition of the fragments also provided details on the accomplishment of minimal and compatible solutions.

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Ahlberg-Cornell, Gudrun. "Corpus vasorum antiquorum. Greece. 8: Athens, National Museum. 5: Attic and Atticizing amphorae of the protogeometric and geometric periods. By Nota Kourou." Gnomon 77, no. 7 (2005): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/0017-1417_2005_7_612.

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Pagnoux, Clémence, Laurent Bouby, Soultana Maria Valamoti, Vincent Bonhomme, Sarah Ivorra, Eugenia Gkatzogia, Angeliki Karathanou, Dimitra Kotsachristou, Helmut Kroll, and Jean-Frédéric Terral. "Local domestication or diffusion? Insights into viticulture in Greece from Neolithic to Archaic times, using geometric morphometric analyses of archaeological grape seeds." Journal of Archaeological Science 125 (January 2021): 105263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2020.105263.

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Mazar, Amihai, and Nota Kourou. "Greece and the Levant in the 10th–9th centuries BC. A view from Tel Rehov." Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome, no. 12 (November 2019): 369–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-12-12.

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Tel Rehov in the Beth Shean Valley, northern Israel, yielded 14 Greek (mainly Euboean and Attic) pottery sherds from the Late Protogeometric to Middle Geometric periods. This is the largest number of Greek sherds from these periods found at a single site in the Southern Levant in stratigraphic contexts. Since the Tel Rehov strata, well-dated by a large number of 14C dates, yielded some of the richest assemblages of finds from the 10–9th centuries BC in this region, the Greek sherds provide an opportunity to examine both their absolute dating in context and to discuss the nature of the relations between the two regions. Six of the 14 sherds were published previously (Coldstream & Mazar 2003); in the present paper, we describe the finds from Tel Rehov and other sites in the Southern Levant according to five chronological divisions, update previous discussions, and add new data and discussion based on a revised understanding of the site’s stratigraphy and interpretation of the radiocarbon data. To a large degree, the results confirm the chronological framework established by Nicolas Coldstream in 1968, although in a few cases some changes may be suggested which depend on interpretation of the radiometric data. As to the nature of the relations between Greece, in particular Euboea, and the Levant in this period, we refer to earlier ideas concerning these relations and emphasize new avenues of research raised by the discovery that copper from the Arabah Valley mines, which operated until the mid-9th century BC, served for producing ceremonial cauldrons in Greece. It is suggested that Tel Rehov played a role in such an international trading system, involving a route through Transjordan and the Jordan Valley.

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GHERCHANOC, Florence. "Se vêtir pour les dieux. Costumes de fête, beauté et performance rituelle en Grèce ancienne." Archimède. Archéologie et histoire ancienne Archimède n° 9 (December 2022): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.47245/archimede.0009.ds1.07.

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Résumé En croisant textes littéraires et épigraphiques à une documentation iconographique, l’article précise les caractéristiques récurrentes d’un costume rituel. Celui-ci, qualifié parfois de kosmos, est constitué d’étoffes fines fabriquées avec technicité, alliant des couleurs vives et éclatantes et des dessins aussi bien géométriques que figuratifs. La présence comme l’absence d’un tel luxe vestimentaire jouent, ainsi, un rôle fondamental au regard de la simplicité ou de l’ostentation attendues lors des opérations rituelles ; la richesse vestimentaire varie également en fonction de la divinité honorée par une cité. Puis, l’article analyse précisément le rôle de ce costume durant le spectacle que constitue une fête religieuse en Grèce ancienne. Ainsi, il montre en quoi les habits de fête servent la performance rituelle, son eukosmia, créant de la beauté et du plaisir pour faire demeurer la charis, bénéfique au succès de la fête et au commerce avec les dieux. Abstract Title: Dressing up for the gods. Festival costumes, beauty and ritual performance in ancient Greece By crossing literary and epigraphic texts with iconographic documentation, this paper points out the recurrent characteristics of a ritual costume. These clothes, sometimes referred to as kosmos, are made of fine fabrics displaying technical skills that combine bright, vivid colours with geometric and figurative patterns. The presence as well as the absence of such luxury clothes play a fundamental role in regards with the simplicity or the ostentation expected during the ritual enactments; the wealth of clothing also depends on the deity honoured by a city. Then, the paper analyses specifically the role of this costume during the performance of a religious festival in ancient Greece. Thus, it shows how festival garments serve the ritual performance, its eukosmia, creating beauty and pleasure to keep the charis, beneficial to the success of the festival and the exchange with the gods.

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GHERCHANOC, Florence. "Se vêtir pour les dieux. Costumes de fête, beauté et performance rituelle en Grèce ancienne." Archimède. Archéologie et histoire ancienne Archimède n° 9 (December 2022): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.47245/archimede.0009.ds1.15.

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Résumé En croisant textes littéraires et épigraphiques à une documentation iconographique, l’article précise les caractéristiques récurrentes d’un costume rituel. Celui-ci, qualifié parfois de kosmos, est constitué d’étoffes fines fabriquées avec technicité, alliant des couleurs vives et éclatantes et des dessins aussi bien géométriques que figuratifs. La présence comme l’absence d’un tel luxe vestimentaire jouent, ainsi, un rôle fondamental au regard de la simplicité ou de l’ostentation attendues lors des opérations rituelles ; la richesse vestimentaire varie également en fonction de la divinité honorée par une cité. Puis, l’article analyse précisément le rôle de ce costume durant le spectacle que constitue une fête religieuse en Grèce ancienne. Ainsi, il montre en quoi les habits de fête servent la performance rituelle, son eukosmia, créant de la beauté et du plaisir pour faire demeurer la charis, bénéfique au succès de la fête et au commerce avec les dieux. Abstract Title: Dressing up for the gods. Festival costumes, beauty and ritual performance in ancient Greece By crossing literary and epigraphic texts with iconographic documentation, this paper points out the recurrent characteristics of a ritual costume. These clothes, sometimes referred to as kosmos, are made of fine fabrics displaying technical skills that combine bright, vivid colours with geometric and figurative patterns. The presence as well as the absence of such luxury clothes play a fundamental role in regards with the simplicity or the ostentation expected during the ritual enactments; the wealth of clothing also depends on the deity honoured by a city. Then, the paper analyses specifically the role of this costume during the performance of a religious festival in ancient Greece. Thus, it shows how festival garments serve the ritual performance, its eukosmia, creating beauty and pleasure to keep the charis, beneficial to the success of the festival and the exchange with the gods.

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Karakizi, C., Z. Kandylakis, A. D. Vaiopoulos, and K. Karantzalos. "JOINT LAND COVER AND CROP TYPE MAPPING USING MULTI-TEMPORAL SENTINEL-2 DATA FROM VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL ZONES IN GREECE." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2021 (June 28, 2021): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2021-319-2021.

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Abstract. In this work, we elaborate on the gained insights from various classification experiments towards detailed land cover mapping over four representative regions of different environmental characteristics in Greece. In particular, the proposed methodology exploits Sentinel-2 data at an annual basis, for the joint classification of 35 land cover and crop type classes. A number of pre-processing steps were employed on the satellite data, in order to address atmospheric and geometric effects, as well as clouds and pertinent shadows. Several classification set-ups were designed and performed using either time series of spectral features or temporal features. The latter consisted of statistical metrics, derived from the spectral time series, and therefore were significantly reduced in dimension. Experiments using the Random Forest algorithm were performed by building several per-tile models, as well as cross- regional models based on training data from all considered regions/tiles. Overall classification accuracy rates exceeded 90% for most experiments. Further analysis on the experimental results highlighted that crop types were classified more accurately when using the spectral time series features, compared to the temporal ones. Classification accuracy for non-crop classes proved much less affected by the type of employed features. The inclusion of auxiliary data layers was beneficial in all cases, both for overall and for per-class accuracy metrics. Qualitative evaluation on the predicted maps further affirmed the efficiency of the developed methodology.

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Mavridou, Theodora, and Lambros Doulos. "Evaluation of Different Roof Types Concerning Daylight in Industrial Buildings during the Initial Design Phase: Methodology and Case Study." Buildings 9, no. 7 (July 15, 2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9070170.

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Used properly, daylight can provide visual comfort, reduce energy consumption and improve health and safety at work. This paper investigates the influence that different roof types, (i.e., sawtooth roof, skylight and monitor), have on daylight levels, along with the construction cost in an industrial environment in Athens, Greece. Construction costs and daylight adequacy/uniformity are antagonistic phenomena, since as the distance between the roof openings increases, the construction cost is minimised, while the daylight levels and the uniformity are reduced. Therefore, an optimisation method is proposed in order to find the optimum distance between the roof openings. The selected building is a representative unit of Greek industrial facilities, while the optimisation method is based upon a multiparametric approach. This consists of three (3) different roof opening arrangement types with different geometric characteristics. The daylight metrics used are the Daylight Area, the Daylight Factor, the Mean Daylight Autonomy, the Uniform Daylight Index and the Annual Sunlight Exposure. Overall, sawtooth roofs represent the best choice for daylight provision in industrial buildings at the examined geographic location. Using the aforementioned optimisation method, the optimum solution of distances between the roof openings ranges from 10 m to 13 m.

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Gavras, Andreas G., Bruce L. Kutter, Manouchehr Hakhamaneshi, Sivapalan Gajan, Angelos Tsatsis, Keshab Sharma, Tetsuya Kohno, Lijun Deng, Ioannis Anastasopoulos, and George Gazetas. "Database of rocking shallow foundation performance: Dynamic shaking." Earthquake Spectra 36, no. 2 (March 11, 2020): 960–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8755293019891727.

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Several experimental studies have shown that rocking shallow foundations have beneficial seismic performance features: recentering and energy dissipation with little damage. A new publicly available database, “FoRDy” (Foundation Rocking—Dynamic), summarizes the results of dynamic physical model tests of single-degree-of-freedom-like structures supported on rocking foundations. It contains data from five centrifuge and three 1- g shaking table test series that were conducted at experimental facilities in the United States, Greece, and Japan. The database includes 200 model “case histories” that span a wide range of model sizes, soil and structure properties, and seismic excitations. It is compiled as the first step toward building a comprehensive dynamic rocking foundation database, and it has the potential to grow in the future. To illustrate its usefulness, the data are used to show example correlations between the peak drift ratio demand and selected ground motion intensity measures. The results suggest that peak ground velocity (PGV), peak ground displacement (PGD), and the geometric mean of the linear spectral displacement over the period range of 0.2–3 times the initial natural period predict the peak drift ratio response reliably.

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Barkas, Nikos. "The Contribution of the Stage Design to the Acoustics of Ancient Greek Theatres." Acoustics 1, no. 1 (March 23, 2019): 337–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics1010018.

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The famous acoustics of ancient Greek theatres rely on a successful combination of appropriate location and architectural design. The theatres of the ancient world effectively combine two contradictory requirements: large audience capacity and excellent aural and visual comfort. Despite serious alterations resulting from either Roman modifications or accumulated damage, most of these theatres are still theatrically and acoustically functional. Acoustic research has proven that ancient theatres are applications of a successful combination of the basic parameters governing the acoustic design of open-air venues: elimination of external noise, harmonious arrangement of the audience around the performing space, geometric functions among the various parts of the theatre, reinforcement of the direct sound through positive sound reflections, and suppression of the delayed sound reflections or reverberation. Specifically, regarding the acoustic contribution of the stage building, it is important to clarify the consecutive modifications of the skene in the various types of theatres, given the fact that stage buildings were almost destroyed in most ancient Greek theatres. This paper attempts to demonstrate the positive role of the scenery in contemporary performances of ancient drama to improve the acoustic comfort using data from a sample of twenty (20) ancient theatres in Greece.

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Emmanouilidis, Savvas, Socrates Basbas, Alexandros Sdoukopoulos, and Ioannis Politis. "Settlements along Main Road Axes: Blessing or Curse? Evaluating the Barrier Effect in a Small Greek Settlement." Land 11, no. 12 (December 9, 2022): 2243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122243.

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Being the heart of every human settlement, the road network constitutes a significant component of the built environment that serves the accessibility and mobility needs and supports economic activities. Despite its positive role, the road network, in some cases, due to increased geometric and functional characteristics, can act as a barrier to the movement of vulnerable road users, thus fragmenting the urban space and creating the phenomenon of the “barrier effect”. The barrier effect is considered detrimental to the mobility of vulnerable users, causing delays or even cancellation of trips, increasing collision risk, limiting access to services, posing negative impacts on public health, and loosening social ties. In this context, the current paper focuses on a settlement in Greece (Dispilio) developed along two national roads and comprehensively evaluates the barrier effect. More specifically, the presented methodological approach attempts to investigate the actual and the perceived dimension of this phenomenon by applying well-established metrics and landscape indicators, such as the effective mesh size, and conducting a questionnaire survey, respectively. The overall research results highlighted interesting findings regarding the intensity of the barrier effect in the examined area and outlined some critical interventions that could be implemented in similar cases.

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Mitterberger, Daniela, Kathrin Dörfler, Timothy Sandy, Foteini Salveridou, Marco Hutter, Fabio Gramazio, and Matthias Kohler. "Augmented bricklaying." Construction Robotics 4, no. 3-4 (October 14, 2020): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41693-020-00035-8.

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AbstractAugmented bricklaying explores the manual construction of intricate brickwork through visual augmentation, and applies and validates the concept in a real-scale building project—a fair-faced brickwork facade for a winery in Greece. As shown in previous research, robotic systems have proven to be very suitable to achieve various differentiated brickwork designs with high efficiency but show certain limitations, for example, in regard to spatial freedom or the usage of mortar on site. Hence, this research aims to show that through the use of a craft-specific augmented reality system, the same geometric complexity and precision seen in robotic fabrication can be achieved with an augmented manual process. Towards this aim, a custom-built augmented reality system for in situ construction was established. This process allows bricklayers to not depend on physical templates, and it enables enhanced spatial freedom, preserving and capitalizing on the bricklayer’s craft of mortar handling. In extension to conventional holographic representations seen in current augmented reality fabrication processes that have limited context-awareness and insufficient geometric feedback capabilities, this system is based on an object-based visual–inertial tracking method to achieve dynamic optical guidance for bricklayers with real-time tracking and highly precise 3D registration features in on-site conditions. By integrating findings from the field of human–computer interfaces and human–machine communication, this research establishes, explores, and validates a human–computer interactive fabrication system, in which explicit machine operations and implicit craftsmanship knowledge are combined. In addition to the overall concept, the method of implementation, and the description of the project application, this paper also quantifies process parameters of the applied augmented reality assembly method concerning building accuracy and assembly speed. In the outlook, this paper aims to outline future directions and potential application areas of object-aware augmented reality systems and their implications for architecture and digital fabrication.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Geometric Greece'

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