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Journal articles on the topic 'Geometric surface area'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

Xie, Xuan, and Rudolf Holze. "Electrode Kinetic Data: Geometric vs. Real Surface Area." Batteries 8, no. 10 (2022): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries8100146.

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Kinetic data reporting the rate of electron transfer across an electrified interface are of fundamental as well as practical importance. They report the electric current caused by coupling the flow of electrons inside the electronically conducting electrode and the flow of ions in the adjacent ionically conducting phase. At equilibrium or rest, potential currents in both directions at the established dynamic equilibrium have the same absolute value: the net current is zero. This current describes the electrocatalytic activity of an electrode and is called the exchange current; with respect to

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2

Werner, Elisabeth. "A general geometric construction for affine surface area." Studia Mathematica 132, no. 3 (1999): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/sm-132-3-227-238.

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Petersen, DR, A. Schro̸der-Pedersen, J. Kjo̸ller, and B. Larsen. "A Comparison of Calculated Geometric Surface Area and Measured BET Surface Area for a Metal Powder." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 25, no. 4 (1997): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte11871j.

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MORET, M. A., V. de SENNA, M. C. SANTANA, and G. F. ZEBENDE. "GEOMETRIC STRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF PROTEINS AND NEWCOMB–BENFORD LAW." International Journal of Modern Physics C 20, no. 12 (2009): 1981–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183109014874.

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The major factor that drives a protein toward collapse and folding is the hydrophobic effect. At the folding process a hydrophobic core is shielded by the solvent-accessible surface area of the protein. We study the behavior of the numbers in 5526 protein structures present in the Brookhaven Protein Data Bank. The first digit of mass, volume, average radius and solvent-accessible surface area are measured independently and we observe that most of these geometric observables obey the Newcomb–Benford law. That is volume, mass and average radius obey the Newcomb–Benford law. Nevertheless, the dig

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Alwan, Ali K., and Wisam K. Hamdan. "Geometric Modeling of Compound NURBS Surfaces." Engineering and Technology Journal 38, no. 2A (2020): 277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v38i2a.300.

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The design of sculptured surfaces occupies an essential area in the field of modern industrial, aerospace, and medical applications. The challenge is to design products that have complex features efficiently with great flexibility of editing in certain regions without affecting other regions, which the designer has no intent to modify. In this paper, we propose a surface design method based on compound NURBS surface to model automotive parts with 400 control points. First, a Non-Uniform B-Spline basis function is derived with a cubic degree and 20 control points. This method is utilized to des

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Zhang, Jingxuan. "Adiabatic theory for the area-constrained Willmore flow." Journal of Mathematical Physics 63, no. 4 (2022): 041503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0076701.

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In this paper, we develop an adiabatic theory for the evolution of large closed surfaces under the area-constrained Willmore (ACW) flow in a three-dimensional asymptotically Schwarzschild manifold. We explicitly construct a map, defined on a certain four-dimensional manifold of barycenters, which characterizes key static and dynamical properties of the ACW flow. In particular, using this map, we find an explicit four-dimensional effective dynamics of barycenters, which serves as a uniform asymptotic approximation for the (infinite-dimensional) ACW flow, so long as the initial surface satisfies

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Sun, J. "Geometric models for calculating cell biovolume and surface area for phytoplankton." Journal of Plankton Research 25, no. 11 (2003): 1331–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbg096.

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Cao, Leo N. Y., Sheng-Chieh Chen, Heinz Fissan, Christof Asbach, and David Y. H. Pui. "Development of a geometric surface area monitor (GSAM) for aerosol nanoparticles." Journal of Aerosol Science 114 (December 2017): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2017.09.013.

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Li, Xiaobing, Fujun Niu, Jinzhan Su, and Liejin Guo. "Photoelectrochemical Performance Dependence on Geometric Surface Area of Branched ZnO Nanowires." ChemElectroChem 5, no. 23 (2018): 3717–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/celc.201801054.

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Jäger, Caroline, Simon Praetorius, and Axel Voigt. "Superresolution of Images Using Area Preserving Geometric Evolution Laws." ISRN Computer Graphics 2012 (December 15, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/846980.

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PDE-based approaches are used to obtain superresolution of images. Using level set method for area constraint geometric evolution laws allows to remove pixelation in images without removing small-scale features. We compare mean curvature flow, surface diffusion, and Willmore flow for this purpose.

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Velbel, M. A., and A. I. Losiak. "Influence of surface-area estimation on rates of plagioclase weathering determined from naturally weathered 3400 y old Hawaiian basalt." Mineralogical Magazine 72, no. 1 (2008): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.91.

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AbstractDimensions of plagioclase (An65) crystals in a polished thin section of naturally weathered 3400 y old Hawaiian basalt were measured by scanning electron microscopy (in backscattered electron imaging mode). The three-dimensional shape, size, volume and surface area of the plagioclase crystals were then estimated using the method of Morgan and Jerram (2006). The weathering rate of plagioclase (mass loss divided by initial geometric surface area during 3400 y) is –12.116 log10 mol m–2 s–1. This weathering rate represents a time span (3.4 ka) intermediate between laboratory experimental t

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Donkoh, Elvis K., and Alex A. Opoku. "Optimal Geometric Disks Covering using Tessellable Regular Polygons." Journal of Mathematics Research 8, no. 2 (2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v8n2p25.

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<p>Geometric Disks Covering (GDC) is one of the most typical and well studied problems in computational geometry. Geometric disks are well known 2-D objects which have surface area with circular boundaries but differ from polygons whose surfaces area are bounded by straight line segments. Unlike polygons covering with disks is a rigorous task because of the circular boundaries that do not tessellate. In this paper, we investigate an area approximate polygon to disks that facilitate tiling as a guide to disks covering with least overlap difference. Our study uses geometry of tessellable r

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Liu, Z. K., and S. Y. Chang. "Methods for Snow Mapping from Meteorological Satellite Imagery of the Qilian Mountains, North-West China (Abstract)." Annals of Glaciology 9 (1987): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500000914.

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A snow survey in north-west China has been carried out using meteorological satellite NOAA-9 imagery. A two-step geometric correction method is presented. The first step involves a large-scale geometric correction, and the second step concentrates on a small area of interest, using the control-point correction method. A high precision of geometric correction can beachieved by using this method. The snow-covered area of the Qilian Mountains basin is calculated.

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Ren, Hangjuan, Ying Pan, Charles C. Sorrell, and Haiwei Du. "Assessment of electrocatalytic activity through the lens of three surface area normalization techniques." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 6 (2020): 3154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta13170a.

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15

Hodson, M. E. "Searching for the perfect surface area normalizing term—a comparison of BET surface area-, geometric surface area- and mass-normalized dissolution rates of anorthite and biotite." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 88, no. 1-3 (2006): 288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2005.08.058.

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Lancaster, Jack L., David Eberly, Abdalmajeid Alyassin, J. Hunter Downs, and Peter T. Fox. "A geometric model for measurement of surface distance, surface area, and volume from tomographic images." Medical Physics 19, no. 2 (1992): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.596911.

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Brown, Kevin Antoine, Laura K. MacDougall, Kim Valenta, et al. "Increased environmental sample area and recovery ofClostridium difficilespores from hospital surfaces by quantitative PCR and enrichment culture." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 39, no. 8 (2018): 917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2018.103.

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AbstractObjectiveClostridium difficilespores play an important role in transmission and can survive in the environment for several months. Optimal methods for measuring environmentalC. difficileare unknown. We sought to determine whether increased sample surface area improved detection ofC. difficilefrom environmental samples.SettingSamples were collected from 12 patient rooms in a tertiary-care hospital in Toronto, Canada.MethodsSamples represented small surface-area and large surface-area floor and bedrail pairs from single-bed rooms of patients with low (without prior antibiotics), medium (

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Bodduluri, R. M. C., and B. Ravani. "Geometric Design and Fabrication of Developable Bezier and B-spline Surfaces." Journal of Mechanical Design 116, no. 4 (1994): 1042–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919485.

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In this paper we study Computer Aided Geometric Design (CAGD) and Manufacturing (CAM) of developable surfaces. We develop a direct representation of developable surfaces in terms of plane geometry. It uses control planes to determine a surface which is a Bezier or a B-spline interpolation of the control planes. In the Bezier case, a de Casteljau type construction method is presented for geometric design of developable Bezier surfaces. In the B-spline case, de Boor type construction for the geometric design of the developable surface and Boehm type knot insertion algorithm are presented. In the

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Boykov, A. A. "BUILDING MODELS OF DYNAMIC CANAL SURFACES VIA GEOMETRY CONSTRUCTIONS LANGUAGE." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 220 (October 2022): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2022.10.pp.015-029.

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Building computer models of dynamic canal surfaces is a special case when implemented in CAD-systems since existing methods of surface modeling of such type are concentrated mostly on obtaining analytical expressions such as equations for the surface itself or its sections. The article introduces a constructive method of building models based on plane and spatial geometric constructions. The paper provides the analysis of given surface parameters, constructive algorithms for setting up a geometric correspondence between the graph of the cross-sectional area and the directrix, constructing of c

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Kang, D. B., S. M. Son, and J. H. Ahn. "Real-Time Geometric Error Compensation in Micro Grooving the Workpiece with Large Surface Area." Key Engineering Materials 339 (May 2007): 314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.339.314.

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A workpiece with a large surface area is likely to be uneven due to form error and waviness. These geometric disturbances can cause inaccurate micro shapes to be formed when micro features are micro-grooved into the surface and cause the resulting workpiece to fail to function as desired. Thus, the real-time monitoring and compensation is required to guarantee the form accuracy of micro features while machining the workpiece with a large surface area. In this study, a method is suggested for real-time measurement and compensation of geometric errors for the micro grooving of a large flat surfa

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Bayer, Jason D., Matthew Epstein, and Jacques Beaumont. "FittingC2Continuous Parametric Surfaces to Frontiers Delimiting Physiologic Structures." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/278479.

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We present a technique to fitC2continuous parametric surfaces to scattered geometric data points forming frontiers delimiting physiologic structures in segmented images. Such mathematical representation is interesting because it facilitates a large number of operations in modeling. While the fitting ofC2continuous parametric curves to scattered geometric data points is quite trivial, the fitting ofC2continuous parametric surfaces is not. The difficulty comes from the fact that each scattered data point should be assigned a unique parametric coordinate, and the fit is quite sensitive to their d

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22

Oluyori, Paul Dare, and Sylvester Okiemute Eteje. "IMPROVING THE LOCAL GEOMETRIC GEOID MODEL OF FCT ABUJA ACCURACY BY FITTING A HIGHER ORDER/DEGREE POLYNOMIAL SURFACE." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 3 (2020): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-276.

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The improvement of the accuracy of a local geometric geoid model using the same data set (geoid heights) requires the fitting of a higher degree polynomial surface to the data set. Consequently, this paper presents improving the local geometric geoid model of FCT, Abuja accuracy by fitting a higher order polynomial surface. A fifth degree polynomial surface was fit to the existing geoid heights of 24 points used previously for the determination of the geometric geoid model of the study area to improve its accuracy. The least squares adjustment technique was applied to compute the model paramet

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23

Mandrazhy, Oksana. "Amazing Properties of Fractal Figures." International Journal of Pure Mathematical Sciences 16 (March 2016): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijpms.16.37.

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This article describes the process of research of the properties of geometric fractals by high school students. The general formulas of calculating the length and the area of the Sierpinski carpet have been derived in the article. The total surface area and the volume of the Menger sponge have been calculated in the paper. The amazing facts of geometric fractals have been revealed. For instance, if n→∞, the length of the Sierpinski carpet is Ln→∞, and its area is Sn→0, similarly, if n→∞, the total surface area of the Menger sponge is Sts(n)→∞, and its volume is Vn→0.

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Brabec, Scott, Bill Schindeldecker, Ken Brennen, Sue Okerstrom, and Ky Pham. "Characterization of Pacemaker Electrode Surfaces Utilizing Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and In-Vitro Electrochemical Analysis." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 402–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600015336.

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The efficiency of implantable electrodes for cardiac pacing depends on the ratio of the conductive surface area to the geometric area of the interface with excitable tissue. New models of heart pacers require reduction of post-pulse polarization, i.e. the potential left on the electrode / tissue interface after a pacemaker pulse. Increasing the conductive surface area is an effective method to this end. Microscopy provides an important tool in elucidating the role of surface structure in electrode performance.Three different surface textures were characterized on a 90% platinum(Pt)/10% iridium

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L. de Souza, L., and C. A. L. G. de O. Forbicini. "USO DA VOLTAMETRIA CÍCLICA E DA ESPECTROSCOPIA DE IMPEDÂNCIA ELETROQUÍMICA NA DETERMINAÇÃO DA ÁREA SUPERFICIAL ATIVA DE ELETRODOS MODIFICADOS À BASE DE CARBONO." Eclética Química Journal 39, no. 1 (2014): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v39.1.2014.p49-67.

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Carbon-based electrodes as well the ion exchange electrodes among others have been applied mainly in the treatment of industrial effluents and radioactive wastes. Carbon is also used in fuel cells as substrate for the electrocatalysts, having high surface area which surpasses its geometric area. The knowledge of the total active area is important for the determination of operating conditions of an electrochemical cell with respect to the currents to be applied (current density). In this study it was used two techniques to determine the electrochemical active surface area of glassy carbon, elec

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Xiu, Shi Chao, Zhi Jie Geng, and Guang Qi Cai. "Study on Edge Contact Area and Surface Integrity of Workpiece in Point Grinding Process." Key Engineering Materials 407-408 (February 2009): 577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.407-408.577.

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During cylindrical grinding process, the geometric configuration and size of the edge contact area between the grinding wheel and workpiece have the heavy effects on the workpiece surface integrity. In consideration of the differences between the point grinding and the conventional high speed cylindrical grinding, the geometric and mathematic models of the edge contact area in point grinding were established. Based on the models, the numerical simulation for the edge contact area was performed. By means of the point grinding experiment, the effect mechanism of the edge contact area on the grou

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Radović, Slaviša. "Teaching Materials “Surface Area of Geometric Figures,” Created Using the Software Package GeoGebra." European Journal of Contemporary Education 4, no. 2 (2013): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.13187/ejced.2013.4.72.

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Anders, Andrzej, Dariusz Choszcz, Piotr Markowski, Adam Józef Lipiński, Zdzisław Kaliniewicz, and Elwira Ślesicka. "Numerical Modeling of the Shape of Agricultural Products on the Example of Cucumber Fruits." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (2019): 2798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102798.

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The aim of the study was to build numerical models of cucumbers cv. Śremski with the use of a 3D scanner and to analyze selected geometric parameters of cucumber fruits based on the developed models. The basic dimensions of cucumber fruits–length, width and thickness—were measured with an electronic caliper with an accuracy of d = 0.01 mm, and the surface area and volume of fruits were determined by 3D scanning. Cucumber fruits were scanned with an accuracy of d = 0.13 mm. Six models approximating the shape of cucumber fruits were developed with the use of six geometric figures and their combi

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Makarevich, Tamara A., and Natalia V. Boreiko. "Relationship between biomass and surface area of Charophyceae." Issues of modern algology (Вопросы современной альгологии), no. 2(26) (2021): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33624/2311-0147-2021-2(26)-8-15.

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Relationships between charophytes surface area and biomass were studied in oligo-mesotrophic Naroch Lake (Belarus). To determine the surface area of Charophytes the geometric similarity method was used, preceded by dividing the thallus into separate cylindrical fragments. The specific surface area (S/W) of chara algae was determined in different seasons and at different depths. Seasonal changes in specific surface area are weakly expressed. The average S/W value for the observation period (July 2018 – March 2020) was (194,3±29,6) sm2/ g dry weight (cv=15%). The specific surface area of charoph

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Che, Qi, Fenghui Wang, and Xiang Zhao. "Design of Nanostructured Surfaces for Efficient Condensation by Controlling Condensation Modes." Micromachines 14, no. 1 (2022): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14010050.

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To meet the different needs of various industrial fields, it is of great application value to find a feasible method for controlling the condensation mode on the surface. Inspired by biological surfaces, tuning the surface structure and wettability is considered as a potential way to control the surface condensation behavior. Herein, the coupling effect of the geometric parameters and wettability distribution of the surface on the condensation process has been investigated systematically at the nanoscale. The results illustrate that the condensation mode is primarily determined by the nanopill

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Petrovic, Maja, and Branko Malesevic. "Hügelschäffer egg curve and surface." Applicable Analysis and Discrete Mathematics, no. 00 (2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aadm220526027p.

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In this paper we consider H?gelsch?ffer cubic curves which are generated using appropriate geometric constructions. The main result of this work is the mode of explicitly calculating the area of the egg-shaped part of the cubic curve using elliptic integrals. In this paper, we also analyze the H?gelsch?ffer surface of cubic curves for which we provide new forms of formulae for the volume and surface area of the egg-shaped part. Curves and surfaces of ovoid shape have wide applicability in aero-engineering and construction, and are also of biologic importance. With respect to this, in the final

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ZHENG, JIANMING, ZHONGGUO LI, and XI CHEN. "BROKEN AREA MODELING FOR REPAIR AUTOMATION." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 03, no. 02 (2004): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686704000442.

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Current repairing process for worn-out blades and blisks of aeroengines and industrial gas turbines is highly manual, labor experience-based and hence error-prone. It requires more sophisticated CNC-driven laser equipment to replace manual welding for the repair. This paper presents an innovative strategy that will lead to the automation of laser welding and cladding. The project makes use of reverse engineering techniques to capture the geometric shape of the broken area by a digitized point cloud and nominal geometry. The core software technologies include four aspects: (i) point-to-surface-

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Jung, Jae Hee, Hyun Cheol Oh, Jun Ho Ji, and Sang Soo Kim. "In-Situ Gold Nanoparticle Generation Using a Small-Sized Ceramic Heater with a Local Heating Area." Materials Science Forum 544-545 (May 2007): 1001–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.544-545.1001.

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A generation method of in-situ gold nanoparticles using a small-sized ceramic heater with a local heating area is presented. The heater surface temperature was maintained uniformly. Gold nanoparticles with high concentration (> 107 particles/cm3) were produced and were stably generated for several hours because the heater surface temperature was maintained uniformly. Higher surface temperature yielded higher geometric mean diameter (GMD), geometric standard deviation (GSD), and total number concentration. Using this generator particle size distribution was easily controlled. Spherical and n

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Helming, Kurt, and Uwe Preckwinkel. "Texture Analysis with Area Detectors." Solid State Phenomena 105 (July 2005): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.105.71.

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Starting from simple geometric considerations concerning directions and orientations, intelligent strategies for pole figure measurements were developed for the area detector. The amount and quality of texture information contained in measured or available data sets can be directly controlled. The texture approximation is done by the component method. The method does not have any restrictions concerning the grids of sample directions in the pole figures. An almost constant information depth can be obtained at a low angle of incidence of the primary beam for the study of thin surface layers.

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Sonone, V. S., D. A. Pawar, V. P. Kad, and P. A. Unde. "Modeling of engineering properties for predicting the mass of acid lime fruit (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle)." Agricultural Engineering Today 44, no. 01 (2020): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/aet2020441.1515.

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Engineering properties and their relationships with mass for Phule Sharbati acid lime cultivar were investigated. Relationship between physical properties of fruits and its mass will create tremendous change in the packaging industry. The mean values of engineering properties such as minor diameter, intermediate diameter, major diameter, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, aspect ratio, mass, surface area, volume and true density were found to be 42.55 mm, 41.20 mm, 40.41 mm, 0.94, 0.94, 38.17g, 49997 mm2, 33322.8 mm3 and 1 g/cc, respectively. Regression models were used to predict the effect

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Babalic, Elena, and Calin Lazaroiu. "Cosmological flows on hyperbolic surfaces." Facta universitatis - series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology 17, no. 1, spec.issue (2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fupct1901001b.

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We outline the geometric formulation of cosmological flows for FLRW models with the scalar matter as well as certain aspects which arise in their study with methods originating from the geometric theory of dynamical systems. We briefly summarize certain results of numerical analysis which we carried out when the scalar manifold of the model is a hyperbolic surface of the finite or infinite area.

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Brown, Simon, Kevin C. Pedley, and David C. Simcock. "Estimation of Surface Area and Volume of a Nematode from Morphometric Data." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6767538.

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Nematode volume and surface area are usually based on the inappropriate assumption that the animal is cylindrical. While nematodes are approximately circular in cross section, the radius varies longitudinally. We use standard morphometric data to obtain improved estimates of volume and surface area based on (i) a geometrical approach and (ii) a Bézier representation of the nematode. These new estimators require only the morphometric data available from Cobb’s ratios, but if fewer coordinates are available the geometric approach reduces to the standard estimates. Consequently, these new estimat

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Cao, Leo N. Y., and David Y. H. Pui. "A novel weighted sum method to measure particle geometric surface area in real-time." Journal of Aerosol Science 117 (March 2018): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2017.12.007.

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Nagura, Y., A. Tsujimoto, NG Fischer, et al. "Effect of Reduced Universal Adhesive Application Time on Enamel Bond Fatigue and Surface Morphology." Operative Dentistry 44, no. 1 (2019): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/17-261-l.

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SUMMARY Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of reduced application times of universal adhesives on enamel bond fatigue and surface morphology of the treated enamel with constant force atomic force microscopy (AFM). Methods: Four universal adhesives—Adhese Universal (AU), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CU), G-Premio Bond (GP), and Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SU)—were evaluated in a laboratory for their ability to adhesively bond resin composite to enamel. Shear bond strengths were initially determined using 15 specimens per test group for each adhesive. Shear fati

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Pai, Pramod. "Measurement of Surface Area Concentration of Fine Particulate Matter in Indoor Environments." Energy and Earth Science 4, no. 1 (2021): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ees.v4n1p1.

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Indoor exposure to fine particles (0.01-2.5 µm) is measured in the present study using Surface Area Concentration (SAC) metric for two indoor environment categories based on the cooking fuel used—kerosene and Liquid Petroleum Gas LPG. Study of SAC is very important from the point of view of health aspects. From the collected data, Arithmetic Means, Geometric Means, peak concentration values were determined to compare between the two categories of Indoor environment. The results show the two environments to be significantly different. Also, the results indicate remarkable high indoor surface ar

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Froeyen, Matheus, Hans De Winter, and Piet Herdewijn. "Conformational Analysis, Solvent-Accessible Surface and Geometric Extent of Inhibitors and Substrates." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 71, no. 6 (2006): 842–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20060842.

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Peptide ligands are known to often bind in an extended conformation to maximize the contact surface with the receptor. The complementarity of shape and surface is a very important factor contributing to the stability of a ligand receptor complex. In this communication we try to answer the following questions: What is the influence of conformation on the surface area? Do ligands maximize their contact surface with the receptor to increase stability of the complex?

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Ku, Bon Ki. "Determination of the ratio of diffusion charging-based surface area to geometric surface area for spherical particles in the size range of 100–900nm." Journal of Aerosol Science 41, no. 9 (2010): 835–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2010.05.008.

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Khachorncharoenkul, Prathomjit, and Attawut Wongpradit. "Origami Wrapping with an Equilateral Triangular Prism." European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 15, no. 2 (2022): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v15i2.4319.

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We study a geometric model to find the relationship of the surface area of rectangular packaging that encapsulates an equilateral triangular prism in a Thai traditional tall wrap pattern and find the minimum area of a rectangular wrapping paper.

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Livingston, Edward H., and Scott Lee. "Body surface area prediction in normal-weight and obese patients." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 281, no. 3 (2001): E586—E591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.3.e586.

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None of the equations frequently used to predict body surface area (BSA) has been validated for obese patients. We applied the principles of body size scaling to derive an improved equation predicting BSA solely from a patient's weight. Forty-five patients weighing from 51.3 to 248.6 kg had their height and weight measured on a calibrated scale and their BSA calculated by a geometric method. Data were combined with a large series of published BSA estimates. BSA prediction with the commonly used Du Bois equation underestimated BSA in obese patients by as much as 20%. The equation we derived to

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Sanow, Jessica, Steven Fassnacht, David Kamin, Graham Sexstone, William Bauerle, and Iuliana Oprea. "Geometric Versus Anemometric Surface Roughness for a Shallow Accumulating Snowpack." Geosciences 8, no. 12 (2018): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8120463.

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When applied to a snow-covered surface, aerodynamic roughness length, z0, is typically considered as a static parameter within energy balance equations. However, field observations show that z0 changes spatially and temporally, and thus z0 incorporated as a dynamic parameter may greatly improve models. To evaluate methods for characterizing snow surface roughness, we compared concurrent estimates of z0 based on (1) terrestrial light detection and ranging derived surface geometry of the snowpack surface (geometric, z0G) and (2) vertical wind profile measurements (anemometric, z0A). The value of

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Prothero, J. "Scaling of bodily proportions in adult terrestrial mammals." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 262, no. 3 (1992): R492—R503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1992.262.3.r492.

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To model body shape, a data base was constructed for body, forelimb, and hindlimb length, surface area, and girth, each as a function of body weight, in a diversity of mammals. These data were submitted to linear least-squares regression analysis. In addition, data on the partitioning of weight and surface area among the body segments (head-trunk, forelimbs, and hindlimbs) were collected. These data imply a relatively constant partitioning of body weight and surface area among the body segments. The regression parameters and the body segment data were used to build and test a model of bodily p

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Collinson, Maryanne M. "Nanoporous Gold Electrodes and Their Applications in Analytical Chemistry." ISRN Analytical Chemistry 2013 (February 20, 2013): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/692484.

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Nanoporous gold prepared by dealloying Au:Ag alloys has recently become an attractive material in the field of analytical chemistry. This conductive material has an open, 3D porous framework consisting of nanosized pores and ligaments with surface areas that are 10s to 100s of times larger than planar gold of an equivalent geometric area. The high surface area coupled with an open pore network makes nanoporous gold an ideal support for the development of chemical sensors. Important attributes include conductivity, high surface area, ease of preparation and modification, tunable pore size, and

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Bartkowiak, Tomasz, Michał Mendak, Krzysztof Mrozek, and Michał Wieczorowski. "Analysis of Surface Microgeometry Created by Electric Discharge Machining." Materials 13, no. 17 (2020): 3830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173830.

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The objective of this work is to study the geometric properties of surface topographies of hot-work tool steel created by electric discharge machining (EDM) using motif and multiscale analysis. The richness of these analyses is tested through calculating the strengths of the correlations between discharge energies and resulting surface characterization parameters, focusing on the most representative surface features—craters, and how they change with scale. Surfaces were created by EDM using estimated energies from 150 to 9468 µJ and measured by focus variation microscope. The measured topograp

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Holland, Donald E., Judith A. Berglund, Joseph P. Spruce, and Rodney D. McKellip. "Derivation of Effective Aerodynamic Surface Roughness in Urban Areas from Airborne Lidar Terrain Data." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 47, no. 10 (2008): 2614–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jamc1751.1.

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Abstract An automated technique was developed that uses only airborne lidar terrain data to derive the necessary parameters for calculation of effective aerodynamic surface roughness in urban areas. The technique provides parameters for geometric models that have been used over the past 40+ years by automatically deriving the relevant geometry, orientation, and spacing of buildings and trees. In its prototypical form, this technique subsequently calculates an effective surface roughness for 1-km2 parcels of land for each of five geometric models. The user can define several constraints to guid

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Umair, Siddique Mohammed, Abhijeet Rangnath Kolawale, Ganesh Anurath Bhise, and Nitin Parashram Gulhane. "On numerical heat transfer characteristic study of flat surface subjected to variation in geometric thickness." International Journal of Computational Materials Science and Engineering 06, no. 02 (2017): 1750010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2047684117500105.

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Thermal management in the looming world of electronic packaging system is the most prior and conspicuous issue as far as the working efficiency of the system is concerned. The cooling in such systems can be achieved by impinging air jet over the heat sink as jet impingement cooling is one of the cooling technologies which are widely studied now. Here the modulation in impinging and geometric parameters results in the establishment of the characteristic cooling rate over the target surface. The characteristic cooling curve actually resembles non-uniformity in cooling rate. This non-uniformity f

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