Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Géomorphologie fluviale'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Géomorphologie fluviale.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Salvador, Pierre-Gil. "Le thème de la métamorphose fluviale dans les plaines alluviales du Rhône et de l'Isère : bassin de Malville et ombilic de Moirans, Bas-Dauphiné." Lyon 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO31004.
Full textThis study of fluvial geomorphology interest the theme of the fluvial metamorphosis from investigations taken into two alluvial plains near the french alpes. Each space, very different, is considered as an open system with processus-response defined by the characteristics of its physical environment and the load and flood discharge which enter in the system. Any modification of load or flood lead to an ajustment of the river, a metamorphosis, which appear through the organisation of the sediments in the alluvial plains (horizontal and vertical dimensions). So the objective of the study is to defined the holocene fluvial metamorphosis observed in the two plains and to explain, according to the informations obtained, the causes of the change. This research is leading within archaeological prospections and excavations (temporal dimension). Methodological approach is privileged
Lhéritier, Nicolas. "Les têtes de bassin : de la cartographie aux échelles mondiale et française à la caractérisation des ruisseaux limousins." Limoges, 2012. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/a682746c-7f9c-4648-96ab-29d56cd02128/blobholder:0/2012LIMO2012.pdf.
Full textRecently, the appearance of « headwater basin » notion shows the willing of territorial water management, and notably taking care of region that have dense hydrographic network. In bibliography, those territories are composed of 0 and 1 range basins, marked by social restructurings and "éco-frontier". The diversity of the small streams and wetlands generate scientific and ecologic definitions hardly transposable. However, the administrators and public authorities try to give a cartographic definition which depends actions of preservation and restoration. Territorial restructurings are not without impacts. The “natural” sedimentary production in the headwater basin is increased by the human activities. Strong stakes for the populations of these regions are identified; they will be perceptible only when we will know the sprawling of the headwater basin territories. Our main research results did the first steps towards the mapping of small streams linear and headwater surfaces by hydro-geomorphologic types for world. We offered mappings of the french headwater. Those maps were a prior to an analysis of their environmental quality, particularly for Loire basin. We have characterized streams of Limousin, particularly streams of the “Pays Monts et Barrages” according to hydromorphological and hydroecological particularity linked to human activities
Grivel, Stéphane. "La Loire des îles, du Bec d'Allier à Gien : rythme d'évolution et enjeux de gestion." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/143287982#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe Loire is one of the main fluvial systems in France. The islands are an integral part of the landscape, particularly the anastomosing fluvial pattern of the Middle Loire, hence the name "Loire islands". This thesis focuses on the functioning of this unknown river. The islands of the Loire river result from morphological fluvial readjustment as well as customs and practices used by inhabitants of the area. The morphological approach concentrates on the evolution of the river since the 19th century, through different spatial and temporal scales. Under a Geographic Information System (GIS), it was possible to monitor the riverbed since 1850 and to analyze in detail mechanisms and rhythms of the river formation. The islands are not stabilized, therefore they can be regarded as forms of river adjustment caused by environmental perturbations (initiating factors: the discontinuation of navigation; aggravating factors: absence of large flood, incision of the riverbed, decline in agriculture, extraction of sediment). The landscape of the Loire Islands is still in transition and is indicating the trend towards the river channelization, dominated by alluvial forests. The fine scale analysis is based on studies on seasonal and inter-annual evolution of islands, as well as secondary channels. Digital Elevation Models (DEM), longitudinal profiles and topographic cross-sections integrated GIS help to quantify precisely erosion and sedimentation, according to the hydrological year. The islands are sites of sediment trapping and they emphasize the sediment deficit recorded since the middle of the 20th century. The situation of secondary channels is contrasted, but the excessive growth of vegetation in some channels triggers their perennial functioning. The results of the thesis brings tools to the Loire river management
Chakir, Lahoucine. "Vallée moyenne du Souss et cônes atlasiques adjacents entre Taroudannt et Oued Issen : étude géomorphologique." Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21024.
Full textLandon, Norbert. "L'évolution contemporaine du profil en long des affluents du Rhône moyen : constat régional et analyse d'un hydrosystème complexe : la Drôme." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040295.
Full textOllive, Vincent. "Dynamique d’occupation anthropique et dynamique alluviale du Rhin au cours de l’Holocène : géoarchéologie du site d’Oedenburg (Haut-Rhin, France)." Dijon, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684794v2.
Full textA wide methodological approach has been completed on a part of the Upper Rhine River. This dataset shows : 1/ documentary flood frequency variations of the Rhine River and 13 other rivers during the last 800 years. 2/ changes in the Rhine River and floodplain dynamics during Little Ice Age before major anthropogenic river management of 19th century. Planform changes, riverine forest, land use evolution, and anthropological settlement processes are described and quantified. These results allow the identification of major stratigraphic agent factors role responsible of these changes. 3/ the alluvial landscape character where the Oedenburg site settled, together with the evolution of the riverine forest influenced by the Rhine River hydrodynamics. 4/ of settlement dynamics during Antiquity. Four major settlement phases have been evidenced by spatial distribution analysis of roman coins found by pedestrian prospecting during the last twenty years. Settlement dynamics may have been influenced by either historical or environmental impacts. 5/ variations in alluvial dynamics of the Rhine River during Antiquity such as high water table or flooding events
Antonelli, Christelle. "Flux sédimentaires et morphogénèse récente dans le chenal du Rhône aval." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10058.
Full textMayeur, Georges. "La dynamique de l'érosion dans le bassin du Tavignano en Corse." Nancy 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN21026.
Full textWith an area of 566 km2, the Tavignano basin is evenly divided between granitic rocks which rise up to 2400 m or more in the west, and the schists in the eastern part, which don't reach the limit of the forest tiers in corsica (1600 m). In mediterranean surroundings the energetic relief accounts for an original climate with abundant precipitations which maintain important outflows (25 l s km2). In the overforested tiers, exclusively on granitic rocks, remnants of ice age morphology are evident down to 1100 m where the valleys are pinched into 116 dihedron. Freezing still occurs but has only minor effects. In the forest tiers outcropping rocks are hollowed by tafonies or rillenkarren whereas the substrate and vegetation determine the evolution of the slopes. The major rainy sequences lead to a catastrophic working of erosion with enormous swellings which reached a coefficient 208 in october 1976 with a flood of 4960 m3 s. The specific chemical erosion, running to 0,03 mm year, mainly affects the schistous part of the basin whereas the granitic summits are practically untouched
Forget, Marie. "Le Paraná argentin, un fleuve du Nouveau Monde." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20078/document.
Full textThe argentinian Paraná is the fifth river of the world by the size of its watershed, its tenth and its flow. It also is a river of paradoxes: it is an essential axis but has been abandoned; it is immense but unknown outside the countries which it crosses; it represents an environmental wealth which isn’t protected; and finaly is gigantic but very poorely used. With the 3.2 million km ² of its watershed , and an average flow which reaches 18 000 m3/s at its mouth it can be considered as a megariver.The theme of big rivers is nowadays quite fashionable in the scientific literature, but the research is separated between physical and human geography. It then seems necessary to reconcile both approaches around new concepts. In 2008, E. Latrubesse proposed the concept of megariver. This concept finds its equivalent in the reflections found in the human geography. The objective of this thesis is to propose an extension of the concept of megariver to the human geography. Few transversal approaches are led on the Paraná river and links between sectors, services and actors are fragile. The big projects such as the fluvial higway called Hidrovia Paraná-Paraguay or the big hydroelectric dams, allow to link different fields of expertise and to cross the vision of diferent actors. As a fact, the river carries more and more socio-economic issues which can only be approached with an integrated vision, joining social, environmental and economical questions. The issue is aslo situated in the relations between local, national and supranational scales, which leads to territorial reorganizations. These networks of geographical scales allow to build new cooperations inbetween all the actors and lead to an integrated managment of the Parana river
Liébault, Frédéric. "Les rivières torrentielles des montagnes drômoises : évolution contemporaine et fonctionnement géomorphologique actuel (massifs du Diois et des Baronnies)." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/liebault_f.
Full textThe mountain streams of the Southern French Prealps (Diois and Baronnies mountains) were studied over different spatial and temporal scales. Over the last 150 years, we showed a generalised trend of active channel narrowing that was induced by a downstream progressing incision related to the reforestation of hillslopes and the consecutive sediment supply decrease. We proposed a functional morphological classification of these rivers that was related to the biophysical attributes of the watersheds. This allows us to interpret the diversity of present-day fluvial forms that are encountered along these streams. The bedload transport was measured in 3 tributaries of the Drôme River after each flow event that occurred between 1997 and 2002. The regional extrapolations that resulted from these measurements suggest that sediment budgets of the Drôme, the Eygues and the Roubion rivers are supplylimited at the basin scale
Abichou, Abdelhakim. "Les changements de paysages du bassin-versant de l'Oued Tataouine-Fessi (sud-est tunisien) : étude multiscalaire et microphologie des remplissages de sebkhas et étude des états de surface." Bordeaux 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR30040.
Full textSebkhas and paleolacs within the catchment areas of wadi Tataouine-Fessi did register the landscape changings during the Holocène. Micromorphological investigations of the ferrous. Carapaxes in the sebkha Erg el Makhzen point a carapax-formation under water. Fluvio-lacustrine-palustrine sediments and carbonic stromatolites evidence the extended lakes the lower holocene. The Flandrien transgression was the time of stomatolite and oolithic reef formation in the sebkha lagoona of el Melah. However, in the Upper Holocene the sebkha filings of the sebkhas Melah and Mehabeul were of continental origine. The importance od soil cartography is underlined by multiscale mappig of the soils surfaces situation. The state of the soil surface register events too and work as a short time memory
Delorme-Laurent, Virginie. "Contribution à la méthode hydrogéomorphologique de déterminatin des zones inondables." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00252974.
Full textMoulin, Loïc. "Instabilités en tresses des systèmes fluviatiles : études de rivières de Nouvelle-Zélande et modélisation." Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S164.
Full textTo better characterize and understand the variability of river's dynamics, including notably the complex braided morphology, we propose a double approach, based both on collection, analysis, and correlation of natural system's data and on numerical modelling. The highly-dynamic braided rivers, ancient or present, in New Zealand, are our reference natural labs. Through the dependence of bedwidth on discharge and sediment load, we highlight the specificity of widening dynamics of braided systems. With descriptors quantifying the complex organization of braided’ pattern, we characterize on high resolution satellite imagery, instability intrinsic geometrical properties, and morphological adjustments to external forcings. Our study explores also a temporal geomorphologic transition, with the example of terrace abandonment’s history of Rangitikei River. We use the numerical model €ros as a simplified tool to assess the effect of slope, discharge, and sediment load on fluvial dynamics, and to reconstruct schematically the balance between basal and lateral erosion and deposition processes allowing emergence of braided instabilities
Beauchamp, Axel. "Impact des aménagements hydrauliques sur les systèmes fluviaux bas-normands depuis 2000 ans : approche géomorphologique et géoarchéologique." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC024/document.
Full textIn Lower Normandy, knowledge of the hydrosedimentary dynamics of rivers before and during the installation of the numerous hydraulic installations since the Roman period remains very fragmentary. Little was known about the rates of erosion and sedimentation that have occurred over the last two millennia and how climatic and anthropogenic controls have influenced these processes. Thus, the challenge of this phD is to understand and measure the role of the inherited structures and operating in the current functioning of the rivers of Lower Normandy in order to help with their contemporary management. To provide answers, geomorphological and geoarchaeological researches has been carried out in several valleys. These studies make it possible to highlight the weight of the hydraulic installations and in particular the developments related to the mills in the setting up of floodplains. Indeed, the complete structuring and management of the watercourse since the Middle Ages artificialized riverbed forms and slopes, and partitioned rivers favoring lateral stability and overflow sedimentation in the floodplain conducting in the development of completely regulated rivers. The installation of mills is accompanied locally by a simplification of the river course. At the acme of the equipment there was a mill every 2,500 meters along the rivers of Lower Normandy. These transformations mean that a large part of current courses are artificial. These structures and the increase of the overbank silt sedimentation for 1000 years are at the origin of the establishment of a dynamic equilibrium resulting in the hydrosedimentary forms of the present rivers which are largely inherited. The abandonment of the management of the hydraulic structures and their destruction during the last fifty years comes to question this balance
Carcaud, Nathalie. "Remplissages des fonds de vallées de la Moselle et de la Meurthe en Lorraine sédimentaire." Nancy 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN21017.
Full textKarrat, Lhoucine. "Altération météorique de basaltes quaternaires en domaine méditerranéen de montagne (Moyen Atlas, Maroc) : relations avec les formes du relief et la sédimentation fluviatile." Tours, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOUR4008.
Full textLemay, Martin. "Transposition à l’environnement turbiditique chenalisé d’un modèle de systèmes fluviatiles méandriformes pour la modélisation de réservoirs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM033.
Full textChannelized turbidite systems act as sediment transfer routes through the submarine realm similarly to rivers on the continents. The turbidite sedimentary deposits create among the biggest hydrocarbon reservoirs currently produced. MINES ParisTech has developed in the last twenty years Flumy, a numerical model that simulates the evolution of a meandering fluvial system to simulate reservoirs. In this work, we propose to transpose Flumy to submarine systems taking advantage of the analogy between these environments. Using natural data, the geomorphology of channelized meandering fluvial and submarine systems is compared, and laboratory experiments highlight the differences in terms of aerial and subaqueous flow behavior. The integration of the results of these studies allows Flumy to accurately simulate the stratigraphic architecture of channelized turbidite reservoirs
Jaballah, Mohamed. "Morphodynamique des bancs alternés d'une rivière de montagne aménagée." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10228/document.
Full textThe current research investigates the morphodynamics of gravel alternate bars in an engineeredmountainous river. The experimental site corresponds to an 8 km long reach of the Arc River, in the French Alps. An analysis of historical maps and recent aerial photographs and topographic campaigns shows that the original braided river bed has evolved to a straight bed with alternate bar system constrained within two embankments following two centuries of man-made engineeringprojects. In the mid 1990s the river bed was flattened to fit a trapezoidal cross-sectional design. However, alternate bars re-appeared in less than ten years. An analysis of the controlling factors of bar formation and evolution is provided. Field observation and 1D numerical analysis suggest that the alternate-bar pattern represents a quasi-equilibrium state of the river bed. A singlegravel bar within the reach was monitored 18 times from 2006 to 2012. A methodology of DTM construction based on breaklines is proposed for river beds and an error estimation is presented. DTM differencing technique was used to detect morphologic changes of the gravel bar. Therefore, the gravel bar and main channel dynamics were analyzed relative to main controlling processes suchas extreme hydrologic events, sediment supply, hydrograph shape, bed shear stress distribution andriver energy. Sediment supply and hydrograph shape appeared to be the main factors influencing the study site sediment budget. Moreover, 2D numerical modelling of water flow and sediment transport was performed. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to yield results in agreement with observations. Simulations revealed the relevance of the interaction between fine sediments and gravels on the bar dynamics
Raccasi, Guillaume. "Mutations géomorphologiques récentes du Rhône aval : recherches en vue de la restauation hydraulique et de la gestion des crues." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321723.
Full textBes, de Berc Séverine. "Tectonique de chevauchement, surrection et incision fluviatile : (exemple de la zone subandine équatorienne, Haut bassin amazonien)." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30072.
Full textDevillers, Benoît. "Morphogenèse et anthropisation holocènes d'un bassin versant semi-aride : Le Gialias, Chypre." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010035.
Full textCordier, Florian. "Morphodynamique des bancs dans des rivières aménagées à granulométrie étendue." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1149/document.
Full textRivers often present a wavy bed topography due to the presence of bars, corresponding to large sediment deposits alternating with deeper areas (pools). Intense and continual river engineering works altering the river geometry, flow regime and sediment supply can impact bar morphodynamics at the reach scale. A deep knowledge of bar processes is important for river managers, because bars actively control the river bed topography and influence bank erosion, with consequences for navigation, water intakes, infrastructure and the quality of their habitats. Although the origin of bar formation and propagation is well understood, the understanding of bar morphodynamics in rivers remains limited due to the non-linearity of combined natural and anthropogenic effects. Sediment non-uniformity is an inherent characteristic of rivers, but its impact on bar properties, even considering simple configurations, is still unclear. This Ph.D. thesis aims at investigating the impact of sediment size heterogeneity on bars in rivers with non-erodible banks, using a two-dimensional morphodynamic model implemented in the Telemac-Mascaret system. The necessary model developments are brought to comply with the state of the art on the modelling of heterogeneous sediment with bars. Then, the model is used to study bar morphodynamics in a straight channel on the basis of laboratory experiments. Eventually, the analysis is transferred in a 1 km reach of the Loire river characterized by a relatively complex geometry. General outcomes validate the modelling approach and demonstrate the application portability for other study cases, shed more light on the relationship between non-uniform sediment and bars, and can be later used as recommendations for river managers
Vachon, Mario M. "Amélioration de la terminologie géographique fluviale présente dans la législation québécoise à l'aide de la géomorphologie et des indices visibles sur le terrain." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11466.
Full textLavest, Pascal. "Modélisation de la structure interne des réservoirs de type fluviatile : application sur un site de stockage de gaz en aquifère." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1996_LAVEST_P.pdf.
Full textSchmitt, Laurent. "Typologie hydro-géomorphologique fonctionnelle de cours d'eau : Recherche méthodologique appliquée aux systèmes fluviaux d'Alsace." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR1GEO9.
Full textWe sought to categorise the natural hydro-geomorphological features of the rivers in the study area, the Alsatian watershed of the Rhine rift valley. We also sought to develop methodological principles that could be applied in other geographical settings. Our approach is based on a representative selection of water courses in the study area. Within this selection, 187 study sites were chosen. For each site 31 quantitative and qualitative variables were computed. This data base was integrated into the GIS ArcView and a number of different multivariate analyses were carried. The main results can been summarised as follows: m we developed a functional hydro-geomorphological typology of Alsatian rivers using successive iterations between statistical analysis and geomorphological interpretation. This typology comprises 17 categories;m these results demonstrate that inherited geomorphological features - such as paleo-dynamic, glacial and fluvio-glacial deposits - and neotectonics have a considerable influence on channel dynamics;m for simplification purposes we highlighted a synthetic hierarchy of the variables: type of regional unit drained, energy, valley bottom morphology, lateral dynamic of channels, sinuosity and width/depth ratio. This hierarchy enabled us to put forward a hierarchical conceptual model of the fluvial systems studied;m the statistically-based typology of the sites was then extrapolated to all the studied rivers in dividing them into sectors. The segmentation enabled us to build up a new linear-type data base in the GIS ArcView;m the research is relevant to the understanding and knowledge of the dynamics of the Alsatian hydrosystems. Looking forward it would seem appropriate to link hydro-geomorphological typology to ecological data such as macroinvertebrates and fish. It would also be useful to study in more detail the Rhine and Ill anastomoses and paleo-anastomoses. It would also be relevant to apply our methodology in other natural regions of occidental Europe. For reasons of time and cost, such a study can be more simple than ours which is more methodologically oriented
Ferdinand, Laurie. "La plaine alluviale de la Moyenne Garonne toulousaine au cours de l’holocène : apport d’une approche croisée archéologie et géomorphologie." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20069/document.
Full textThrough the prism of multidisciplinarity, the dichotomy between environment and human impacts is reduced as strong interrelationships in thresholds have been demonstrated. The valleys are favored supports of human-environnement relations, and many rivers have been the subject of this type of study in recent years. The Garonne’s choice result of a scientific blank in the most part of the channel in the South West of France, especially the middle section. Therefore this work focuses on the study of the relationship between human occupation and the low plain from Toulouse to the confluence of the Tarn since 10000 years. The valley is 25km wide in Toulouse and is the first Pyrenean flood spreading area, enabling the recording of past occupations and the alluvial dynamic associated. Without local repository, geomorphological and archaeological chronological framework was established for the Holocene, based on works completed in European and continental channels. These two component were analyzed separately on the plain of the Garonne river with a multidisciplinary approach. The results show that the floodplain’s occupation is continuous since the Neolithic, despite restitution biased by modern development works and taphonomy. This aspect is characterized by a high mobility channel f the Garonne and the identification of at least two episodes of incision in the 2nd Holocene and a net sedimentation decrease since Antiquity
Benacchio, Véronique. "Etude par imagerie in situ des processus biophysiques en milieu fluvial : éléments méthodologiques et applications." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2056/document.
Full textRemote sensing is more and more used in river sciences, mainly using satellite and airborne imagery. Ground imagery constitutes a complementary tool which presents numerous advantages for the study of rivers. For example, it is easy to set up; costs are limited; it allows an oblique angle; etc. It also presents the possibility to set up the triggering with very high frequency, ranging, for instance, from a few seconds to a few hours. The possibility to monitor events at the instant they occur makes ground imagery extremely advantageous compared to aerial or spatial imagery (whose highest acquisition frequency corresponds to a few days). Such frequencies produce huge datasets, which require automated analyses. This is one of the challenges addressed in this thesis. Processing and analysis of data acquired at five study sites located in France and Québec, Canada, facilitated the evaluation of ground imagery potentials, as well as its limitations with respect to the study of fluvial systems. The identification of optimal conditions to set up the cameras and to acquire images is the first step of a global approach, presented as a chain of optional modules. Each one is to be taken into account according to the objectives of the study. The extraction of radiometric information and the subsequent statistical analysis of the signal were tested in several situations. In particular, random forests were applied, as a supervised object-oriented classification method. The datasets were principally exploited using high frequency time series analyses, which allowed demonstrating strengths and weaknesses of this approach, as well as some potential applications. Ground imagery is a powerful tool to monitor fluvial systems, as it facilitates the definition of various kinds of time characteristics linked with fluvial biophysical processes. However, it is necessary to optimize the quality of the data produced. In particular, it is necessary to minimize the acquisition angle and to limit the variability of luminosity conditions between shots in order to acquire fully exploitable datasets
Duquesne, Amélie. "Trajectoire d’évolution d’un cours d’eau à faible énergie au cours du second Holocène : La Charente entre Angoulême et Saintes." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LAROS028.
Full textThis work proposes to study the Charente river, a low-energy river, between Angoulême and Saintes for enhance knowledge on the functioning of low-energy rivers and in particular the anastomosis. The main aims are to analyze the evolutionary trajectory of the Charente river on a multisecular timescale and identify the anthropogenic controls, geomorphological heritages and hydro-climatic variability in its trajectory ; and explain the genesis and the conservation of the anastomosis on the upstream section (Angoulême-Cognac). The method is based on a geohistorical, geomorphometrical and geomorphological approach. Results show a fluvial metamorphosis from a braiding pattern pre-Holocene to anastomosing pattern on the upstream section; a simplification of anastomosing pattern potentially begin to the Final Neolithic and the Bronze Age; a fluvio-marine influence on the downstream section during the Atlantic and the mid-Subboreal; and 4) a documentary hiatus on the rapid climate change periods. Geohistoric results expose a global stability of fluvial forms over the recent period and probably on the long-term. This conclusion needs to be nuanced. Results highlight 1) a simplification of the pattern fluvial between the recent period (mainly late 18th / late 20th centuries) dependent on the anthropisation trajectory of river and the hydro-climatic variability and 2) a complexification of the fluvial mosaic at local level during the 20th century attributed to cessation of river maintenance practices and variations of flood regime
Bruneton, Hélène. "Evolution holocène d'un hydrosystème Nord-méditerranéen et de son environnement géomorphologique : les plaines d'Arles à l'interface entre le massif des Alpilles et le Rhône." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10072.
Full textMesquita, Johanna. "Facteurs de contrôle climatique et géomorphologique de la variabilité hydrologique de bassins versants en substrat carbonaté : Comparaison Haute normandie (FR) et Région d'Austin, Texas (USA)." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN2031.
Full textCentral question of this work consisted on the hydrological variability characterization as well as understanding it controlling factors like climate and geomorphology (s. L). Our approach is based on the compared analysis of two contrasted climatic and geomorphologic regions: Haute-Normandie (Nd Fr) and Austin’s region (USA), through small watersheds and two big watersheds integrators of hydrological fluctuations at the regional scale. Time series analysis indicate i) existence of a major difference between both regions seem be connected to subterranean influence, ii) existence of multiannual structures for all watersheds, present in climatic index NAO and SO, affecting preferentially some frequency bands. These structures are discontinuities during all the study period. PCA analysis of relationship between hydrological variability and geomorphology s. L brings still to light the importance of subterranean influence between both regions limiting for Haute-Normandie the links between the hydrological indications and geomorphology. So, the geomorphologic context is strongly connected to the hydrological context. On the other hand, when it becomes weak to useless (Austin’s region) then the geomorphology becomes an important factor. The geomorphologic parameters which seem then be essential are the average height (Hmoy), the hypsometric integral (Ih), the lithology with the presence of impervious surfaces. To refine the understanding of subterranean influence forcing, is proposed a new method of hydrogram separation allowing the comparison discharge runoff answers of both regions
Nguyen, Thi Hoang Anh. "Les particularités de la transformation du lit du Fleuve Rouge entre Viet Tri et Ha Noi de l'Holocène à aujourd'hui." Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30063.
Full textThe relationship between Man and the Red River since the Holocene to date, has been interlocked and complex. This thesis tries to show the particularities of the Red River through human activities. The valley of the Red River gave rise to an agricultural civilisation whose human activities, in turn, influenced the transformations of the river bed. The focus of this study was Viet Tri (the zone of convergence) and Ha Noi (the zone of divergence) during the Holocene, but in today’s context. This thesis is divided into two parts: the first part studies the regime of the Red River and the distribution of the population according to the relief of the terraces of the river. The second part brings to light the evolution of the river and the role of the Hoa Binh dam. This part insists on the transformation (the erosion and the alleviation) of the bed of the Red River before and after the construction of the dam in 1988. Data were analysed by use of GIS (geographical information system) and Remote sensing (through satellite images and aerial photos) to find the tracks of the ancient rivers so as to localize the sections of dikes in danger and find the drainages of the floods of the river
Allignol, Françoise. "Analyse spatiale et aide à la décision pour la recherche de gisements alluvionnaires : application à la Loire Supérieure (42-France)." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824954.
Full textChapuis, Margot. "Mobilité des sédiments fluviaux grossiers dans les systèmes fortement anthropisés : éléments pour la gestion de la basse vallée de la Durance." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3019/document.
Full textThe Durance River (South-Eastern France) is a large and steep wandering gravel-bed river, deeply impacted by gravel mining and flow diversion in its whole catchment area. The Durance River is characterized by a sediment deficit that led to a reduction of active channel width and river bed degradation. These lateral and vertical dynamics lead to important issues in terms of landscape management, because of (i) maintaining the bed hydraulic capacity to evacuate flood discharges and (ii) planform evolution of the river that conflicts with landscape use. This field-based thesis aims at developing a functioning scheme of bedload transport in large gravel bed rivers at various spatial (and consequently temporal) scales and gives keys to understanding for sediment fluxes management on the Durance River. Particle and bedform mobility mechanisms are studied with a scientific approach closely linked to management issues
Cossin, Mélanie. "Caractérisation paysagère de quelques cours d'eau de taille moyenne des bassins du Rhône et de la Loire : éléments méthodologiques pour une gestion durable des corridors fluviaux." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_cossin_m.pdf.
Full textRivers are the last "naturals” ecosystems in anthropic countries and are in the same time, very appreciated for their natural caracteristics. In France, the water laws of 1992 and 2006 state a global river management, between uses and protection of natural environment. In the same time, landscape is increasingly considered in management and traduced in a specific law in 1993 and in the European Landcsape Convention in 2000. Landcape studies are requested increasingly by managers and planners although they appears infrequently in global studies of rivers. In this research, we propose a methodological approach to landscape diagnosis of fluvial hydrosystems. It is based on a quantified analysis capable of being approved by all the actors concerned and of being reproduced. The aim is to realise a landscape diagnosis to propose solutions of landscape management inclusing uses and actors opinions
Combe, Claire. "La ville endormie ? Le risque d’inondation à Lyon : approche géohistorique et systémique du risque de crue en milieu urbain et périurbain." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/combe_c.
Full textIn the region of Lyons, the risk of flooding is the result of complex interactions between the city and its rivers, characterized by its spatial-temporal variability. This geohistorical and systemic analysis was done from archival sources and made it possible to understand the interactions between the urbanization, the hydrosystem and the risk. The approach, which is multiscale, is based on a historical GIS used as a tool for territorialization of dynamic components of risk. Started in a quite hydrological time more than 2000 years ago, the urbanization of the fluvial corridor was altered by the fluvial adaptation to the harder hydroclimatic conditions of the Little Ice Age (XIVth-XIXth century). This hydrogeomorphological crisis coincided with a crisis of overpopulation which caused the medieval sites to expand. It resulted in an increase in risk and generated a policy of defending the city against fluvial constraint. This set the base for today’s flood management. During the XXth century, the absence of strong floods has contributed to a feeling of security within the city while in fact urban expansion has led to a latent increase in risk. This situation contrasts with the observable demands on the margins of the urban area. The recent studies of risk for Lyon have led to the understanding that the city is potentially exposed to floods. What this work brings to the classical risk equation is the fact that it takes into account the dynamic role of geomorphologic heritages and the history of flood management policies. It provides a key to understanding the complexity of the risk of flooding in an urban and periurban environment
Gilet, Louis. "Charriage et obstacles à la continuité sédimentaire sur les cours d'eau du Morvan." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H059.
Full textIn France, recent regulatory developments (WFD, 2000; LEMA, 2006) require sediment continuity across the dams to be ensured. This requirement is particularly acute in the Morvan massif, where a dozen dams have been installed since the middle of the 19th century. The questions are complex: several of the rivers on which the structures have been built have only been poorly studied (medium energy plane bed with mixed coarse substrate). In addition, the fluvial systems - the Upper Yonne, the Cure and the Chalaux - are marked by a long anthropogenic influence, characterized in particular by multiple uses prior to the dams (mills, log driving). Those rivers’ energy, partly governed by the dams, is an important factor but insufficient to understand current bedload transport. The latter is indeed significantly influenced by certain morphological parameters (very coarse substrate, sedimentary structures, slope). However, current morphological conditions appear to be largely the result of several decades of disturbance in liquid and solid inputs by dams. Their effects on river processes must therefore be understood on several time scales. The study indicates that they also depend on the influences inherited from previous hydraulic uses. The past hydromorphic trajectory of the river also seems to influence the morpho-sedimentary impacts that were observed following a dam removal. Rather than a clean slate or a step backwards, dams or their removal thus represent a new evolution of the river trajectory, made up of ruptures, continuities and mutations
David, Mélodie. "Dynamique fluviale de la Garonne à l'anthropocène : trajectoire d'évolution du tronçon fluvial compris entre les confluences de l'Ariège et du Tarn (Garonne toulousaine, 90 km)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20034/document.
Full textSince the end of the nineteenth century, significant morphological channel changes have been observed along European rivers. The major processes involved, channel incision and narrowing, appear as the result of increasing human activities and the transition from the Little Ice Age (LIA) to Global Warming (GW). On the Garonne River (southwestern France) this phenomenon has been observed and described since the 1960th between the Ariège and Tarn tributaries (The Toulouse Garonne, 90 km). However, very few studies have focused on a longer evolutionary period. In this study, we propose to analyze the evolutionary trajectory of the Toulouse Garonne on a plurisecular timescale. The aim of this study is to assess: 1) the evolutionary tendency before the 1950th; 2) the impact of the LIA to GW transition and former human disturbances on fluvial dynamics; 3) the hydro-sedimentary pattern of the Garonne River before the twentieth century; and 4) the presence of spatial discontinuities within the reach. The analysis is based on two types of data, which are complementary in terms of chronology and spatial cover: historical maps and field data collected on 11 palaeochannels. The results show: 1) a meandering channel in the late LIA (second half of the nineteenth century), with spatial discontinuities along the Toulouse Garonne; 2) a morphological adjustment since the late nineteenth / early twentieth centuries in the upstream and middle reaches, in response to several controls and; 3) a later adjustment in the downstream reach, in response to bank protection. Furthermore, this study provides new data on morphological channel features over the Medieval Climatic Optimum (MCO, 900-1300) and reveals that only a very few data allows to assess the channel behavior over the LIA
Arnaud, Fanny. "Approches géomorphologiques historique et expérimentale pour la restauration de la dynamique sédimentaire d'un tronçon fluvial aménagé : le cas du Vieux Rhin entre Kembs et Breisach (France, Allemagne)." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833042.
Full textZarki, Hamid. "Evolution de la sédimentation fluviatile en Basse Moulouya (Maroc) au cours de l'holocène." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR4025.
Full textBeuzen-Waller, Tara. "Interactions entre dynamiques environnementales et occupations humaines du Paléolithique à l’âge du Fer dans les piémonts du Jebel Hajar (Oman)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL077.pdf.
Full textIn Oman, Quaternary climatic fluctuations are characterised by wet and dry periods. Today, desert landscapes prevail in Oman and traditional settlements mainly consist of artificially water-supplied oases. This work exposes the hydro-climatic variations at the end of the Quaternary in the foothills of the Jebel Hajar in order to (1) better understand the various environmental potential of the foothills during the wet periods of the Pleistocene and the Holocene and (2) reconstruct the onset of aridity since the end of the Holocene Pluvial Phase. To do so, multidisciplinary analyses are conducted on fluvial archives, coastal sedimentation and archaeological site’s distribution and nature, in four areas of the Jebel Hajar foothills : Bat/al-Arid, Salut, Adam and Quriyat. The geomorphological and hydro-climatic data are compared with the distribution of archaeological sites, subsistence strategies in each archaeological period and water distribution/ acquisition. The results obtained attest a nesting of the alluvial forms during the Pleistocene, the reduction of surface runoffs as early as 5,840 - 5,610 cal. BP, the gradual concentration of the archaeological sites towards hydrologically favoured areas, a progressive optimisation of these spaces in the upper parts of the foothills and a high mobility of the shoreline in the coastal plain of Quriyat during the Mid-Late Holocene
Simoncini, Cristina. "Studio delle problematiche legate ai sedimenti fluviali ed applicazione di una metodologia finalizzata alla gestione a scala di bacino idrografico." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_simoncini_c.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this research project is to develop a methodology aimed to identify extent, severity and possible trends of instability processes (erosion, deposition) at the catchment scale, to provide a basic knowledge to support sediment management. The methodology is intended to be specifically suitable in the Alpine - Apennine context, where channels are typically characterised by a relatively high sediment transport. The methodology includes three main modules: (1) Historical and recent channel changes. The results of this phase will consist on an accurate reconstruction of past channel changes, identifying areas of higher channel instability, types of adjustments, rates of channel migration, etc. (2) Potential reintroduction areas of sediment. We adopt a semi-quantitative methodology based on the attribution of different scores, considered the more important parameters in relation to the process of sediment production. (3) Sediment budgets. In order to quantify channel changes and responsible processes, sediment budgets can be conducted by traditional hydraulic methods combined with geomorphological methods and grain size surveys. (4) Strategy of sediment management. In the last phase we define the strategies and the recommendations for the management of sediment based on conservation or improvement of the actual condition of active channel
Misset, Clément. "The role of riverbed on suspended sediment transport dynamics in Alpine Catchments." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAU020.
Full textThe large quantities of sediments transported as suspension in Alpine rivers are associated with important socio-economic and environmental issues such as pollutant transfer, aquatic habitat degradation or dam siltation. To address these issues, it is required to better understand the role of Alpine river beds on the dynamics of this transport. In the first part of this thesis, we use large datasets from the literature and new field measurements to investigate at a regional scale i) the influence of sediment sources configuration on suspended load variability, ii) the quantity and availability of fine particles in Alpine river beds and iii) the relation between suspended load and river bed mobility. These analyses show that the catchment configuration upstream the observation point can significantly control the suspended load dynamics observed downstream. This first part also shows that large quantities of fine particles can be stored in alluvial Alpine rivers. For these rivers and for high flow rates, it was possible to predict a significant part of suspended load based on riverbed mobility modeling. The second part of the thesis tests these results at a local scale. To do so, an important field campaign was performed during the entire melting season of a typical Alpine river, the Séveraisse. A large panel of direct and indirect measurements was used to measure suspended load, bedload and topographic changes on a 3.5-km reach. These measurements confirm that suspended particles strongly interact with the river bed in that kind of morphodynamically active streams. The latter can be considered as an intermediate buffer controlled by the upstream hydro-sedimentary forcing and by the river bed mobility and morphology
Darmame, Mohammed. "Le littoral entre Jorf Lasfar et Souira Qdima (Maroc atlantique) : milieu naturel et conséquences des aménagements." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100129.
Full textThe first part of this thesis describes the evolution of the coast from Ouljien. Different areas testify for a Neolithic human occupation including a great number of life places on alluvial and colluvial formations dating back to the superior soltanian. The second part proposes a description of the cliffs in the area. The evolution shows local risks for the northern areas of Safi. The harbor development in that city has entailed an ablation in the southern area of the main pier. The frenetic exploitation of the beaches sand has increased the coast limits moving back like in Sidi Bou Denyane. The third part lists the different seaside resources, describes how they are managed and asks questions about that management. Then it shows the various pollution sources along the coast and attempts to analyze the consequences on the environment. The fourth part is an atlas helping to the protection of this environment in case of oil pollution
Garcia, Govea Coral. "Approche hydro-géomorphologique comparée de deux cours d'eau et du bassin amazonien : le Río Beni et le Río Napo." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010598.
Full textSalomon, Ferréol. "Géoarchéologie du delta du Tibre : Evolution géomorphologique holocène et contraintes hydrosédimentaires dans le système Ostie– Portus." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20040.
Full textOstia and Portus are two important harbour cities located on theThyrrenian coast, near the ancient Rome. This location corresponds to a fastly changing landscape (river and coastline mobility). The aim of this study is to reconstruct the Tiber hydrosedimentary dynamics in its delta plain during Ancient times (mainly in the 1st c. BC - 1st c. AD) and to identify their impact on the system Ostia-Portus. To complete this work, we analyse sedimentary cores drilled in the palaeomeander of Ostia and the canals of Portus. These results are compared to the archaeological and historical data. Crossing sedimentary, archaeological and textual data allows to consider hydrosedimentary anthropoclimatic crisis in the Tiber River watershed, during the period between the second part of the Ist century BC and the beginning of the Ist century AD. This crisis is expressed in Ostia, by: (1) a sediment accumulation at the mouth of the Tiber River, leading to the filling of the river mouth harbour of Ostia; (2) several major floods (at Rome - sometimes torrential floods); and (3) perhaps an increase of the groundwater levels. During this hydrosedimentological crisis or before, a strong lateral mobility of the Tiber mouth and the palaeomeander of Ostia probably affect the development of the city. Obliged by a strong demographic pressure in Rome and by the socio-economical context, Claude built Portus in the middle of the 1st century AD. Portus is planned with the idea to overcome the shortcomings of Ostia’s harbour: (1) by an increased harbour basin area (200 ha), and (2) by its establishment, 3 km north of the Tiber mouth, to avoid the main hydrosedimentary constraints. For logistical reasons (goods transport to Rome), Portus includes a fluvial canal system, connected to the Tiber River. However, Roman engineers take care to separate the canal system and the harbour basins (sediment load) and some of these canals are considered floodways (flood management). Sedimentary analysis characterise the canal functioning and filling (Canale Traverso, Canale Romano). This work is complemented by a methodological reflection on the Passega diagram and by a modeling of the Holocene evolution of the Tiber delta’s northern part , based onthe analysis of core samples
Boujelben, Abdelkarim. "L'hydrosystème des sebkhas al Kalbiyya et Halq al Minjil : dynamiques hydro-morphosédimentaires, paléoenvironnements et évolution des paysages pendant l’holocène." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN1034.
Full textThe thesis focuses on the downstream part of the catchment area of central Tunisia, from the continental sebkha al Kalbiyya to the coastal sebkha Halq al Minjil. The extent and variety of forms and training and development of ancient lake and lagoon deposits pose major problems concerning the evolution of the Holocene hydro-morphosedimentary sebkhas operating current and the immediate fluvial system. This work focus on their origins and their paleoenvironmental and morphogenic expressions by multidisciplinary and multiscale approach. The main results of the study are: the complexity of the spatiotemporal distributions and the interesting stratigraphy of very heterogeneous sediments of sebkhas (bottoms and borders), the succession of fourteen major Holocene phases of sedimentation and four continental systems and paraliques of hydrological functioning in each of al Kalbiyya and Halq al Minjil enclaves, the plurality of multi-phase hydroeolian models of the sebkhas borders, the extent of the deposits and the multiplicity of formational morphometric characters and a variety of molded, especially historical age in the fluvial system, the Holocene instability of morphogenesis and environments whose factors are essentially subservient to eustatic variations and pluvio-thermal variability of a Mediterranean semi-arid climate, the relative sea level rise of +71 cm to 4965±35 BP and +187 cm at 4365±50 BP, the first signs of agro-pastoral societies influence on the environment are recognized during the III millennium BC, the role of neotectonics (subsidence, warping, fracturing) is located
Moulin, Bertrand. "Variabilité spatiale et temporelle du bois mort dans le réseau hydrographique de l'Isère à l'amont de Grenoble." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00532671.
Full textViel, Vincent. "Analyse spatiale et temporelle des transferts sédimentaires dans les hydrosystèmes normands : Exemple du bassin versant de la Seulles." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00803223.
Full textGrivel, Stéphane. "La Loire des îles, du Bec d'Allier à Gien : rythmes d'évolution et enjeux de gestion." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00455981.
Full textHarmand, Dominique. "La Meuse lorraine : contribution à l'étude des alluvions anciennes de la Meuse entre Pagny s/Meuse et Mouson (Ardennes) : tentative d'une reconstitution paléographique et dynamique actuelle du bassin." Nancy 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN21008.
Full textAfter having presented the section of the valley as well as the former works and the methodology (first section), the author explains the conclusions of his research within 3 sections : study of the valley and conclusion (third section), study of the paleogeographic evolution and present evolution of the basin (fourth section). The alluvial sediments located between pagny s meuse and mouzon above all, are characterized by silicious deposits carried down from the vosges by the moselle river before its capture by the meurthe river. The sediments are either alluvial nappes-or more often- colluvial formations. The former recover 10 terraces from 0 to 200 m above the thalweg, the latter correspond to the lower terraces. Several measures (height, petrology, sedimentology, morphology,. . ) Have permitted the rebuilding pf 10 old fluvial nappes laid down during 10 different periods of alluviation which have been separated by periods of erosion. The alluvial units can be related to the fluvial formations of the high moselle valley. Besides, they allow us, first, to reconstitute the configuration of the successive paleovalley, secondly, to individualize the different cuestas so as the evolution of the lorraine meuse drainage basin. The numerous captures made at the expense of the latter would be mainly caused by a tectonic process