Journal articles: 'Geophysical prospecting'

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FUJII, Seishi. "Geophysical prospecting." RADIOISOTOPES 34, no. 2 (1985): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.34.2_112.

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Tsu, Hiroji, and Yasukuni OKUBO. "Geophysical prospecting for resources." Journal of the Fuel Society of Japan 68, no. 1 (1989): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3775/jie.68.17.

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NISHIMURA, Yasushi. "Geophysical Prospecting in Archaeology." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 14, no. 53 (1994): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.14.85.

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Fenta, Mulugeta C., David K. Potter, and János Szanyi. "Fibre Optic Methods of Prospecting: A Comprehensive and Modern Branch of Geophysics." Surveys in Geophysics 42, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): 551–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-021-09634-8.

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AbstractOver the past decades, the development of fibre optic cables, which pass light waves carrying data guided by total internal reflection, has led to advances in high-speed and long-distance communication, large data transmission, optical imaging, and sensing applications. Thus far, fibre optic sensors (FOSs) have primarily been employed in engineering, biomedicine, and basic sciences, with few reports of their usage in geophysics as point and distributed sensors. This work aimed at reviewing the studies on the use of FOSs in geophysical applications with their fundamental principles and technological improvements. FOSs based on Rayleigh, Brillouin, and Raman scatterings and fibre Bragg grating sensors are reviewed based on their sensing performance comprising sensing range, spatial resolution, and measurement parameters. The recent progress in applying distributed FOSs to detect acoustic, temperature, pressure, and strain changes, as either single or multiple parameters simultaneously on surface and borehole survey environments with their cable deployment techniques, has been systematically reviewed. Despite the development of fibre optic sensor technology and corresponding experimental reports of applications in geophysics, there have not been attempts to summarise and synthesise fibre optic methods for prospecting as a comprehensive and modern branch of geophysics. Therefore, this paper outlines the fibre optic prospecting methods, with an emphasis on their advantages, as a guide for the geophysical community. The potential of the new outlined fibre optic prospecting methods to revolutionise conventional geophysical approaches is discussed. Finally, the future challenges and limitations of the new prospecting methods for geophysical applications are elucidated.

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Dransfield, M. H., M. J. Buckingham, C. Edwards, F. J. van Kann, A. G. Mann, R. Matthews, and P. J. Turner. "Gravity Gradiometry for Geophysical Prospecting." Exploration Geophysics 22, no. 1 (March 1991): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg991107.

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Peltoniemi, Markku. "Impact factors, citations, and GEOPHYSICS." GEOPHYSICS 70, no. 2 (March 2005): 3MA—17MA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1897303.

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This review assesses the contributions and impact that GEOPHYSICS journal has made to both the theory and the applications of exploration geophysics during its publication life span. The contributions are evaluated first on the basis of Journal Citation Reports data, which summarize information available since 1975 about the impact factor of our journal. The impact factor for GEOPHYSICS in 1975–2002 has ranged between 1.461 and 0.591, with an average of 0.924 and with a relative ranking between 16 and 45 for all journals in its category. The journal receiving the highest impact factor for the period 2000–2003 in the “Geochemistry and Geophysics” category is Reviews of Geophysics, with an average impact factor of 7.787 and which ranged between 9.226 and 6.083. A second and important criterion is the frequency with which individual papers published in GEOPHYSICS have been cited elsewhere. This information is available for the entire publication history of GEOPHYSICS and supports the choices made for the early classic papers. These were listed in both the Silver and the Golden Anniversary issues of GEOPHYSICS. In August 2004, the five most-cited papers in GEOPHYSICS published in the time period 1936 to February 2003 are Thomsen (1986) with 423 citations, Constable et al. (1987) with 380 citations, Cagniard (1953) with 354 citations, Sen et al. (1981) with 313 citations, and Stolt (1978) with 307 citations. Fifteen more papers exceed a threshold value of 200 citations. During 2000–2002, GEOPHYSICS, Geophysical Prospecting, Geophysical Journal International, and Journal of Applied Geophysics were the four journals with the highest number of citations of papers published in GEOPHYSICS. In the same 2000–2002 period, those journals in which papers published in GEOPHYSICS are cited most are GEOPHYSICS, Geophysical Prospecting, Geophysical Journal International, and Journal of Geophysical Research. During 1985, the total number of citations in all journals in the Science Citation Index database to papers published in GEOPHYSICS was 2657. By 2002, this same citation count for GEOPHYSICS had increased to 4784.

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Fedorova, N. G., Yu K. Dimitriadi, I. V. Muradkhanov, S. A. Kaverzin, A. S. Akopov, K. I. Chernenko, N. A. Ryapolov, and E. D. Voropaeva. "Geophysical prospecting and well reliability indicators." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 905 (August 26, 2020): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/905/1/012022.

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Caielli, Grazia, Roberto de Franco, Vincenzo Di Fiore, Dario Albarello, Stefano Catalano, Floriana Pergalani, Giuseppe Cavuoto, et al. "Extensive surface geophysical prospecting for seismic microzonation." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 18, no. 12 (May 27, 2020): 5475–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00866-4.

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Yue, Lei. "Application of Geophysical Technique in the Coal Mining." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 11, no. 7 (August 31, 2015): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v11i7.4759.

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Although coal is one of the most prevalent energy resources in the world, coal production has been a high risk industry due to its frequent accidents, especially in the developing nations. As well known, the main reason for that problem is that the potential disaster sources are not prospected before coal mining. Hence, it is very necessary to be advanced prospecting before the coal mining. Usually, the work of advanced prospecting can be done by the geophysical methods. According to the difference of disasters source physical characters, different geophysical methods can be employed. Because of different geophysical methods owning their advantages and disadvantages, this paper provides a general introduction to the most important methods used in the coal mining. These methods represent a primary tool for advanced prospecting to the disaster source. Although their main application is in prospecting disaster source in the coal mining, the methods are also used in other fields, for example, railway tunnel, environmental engineering and city construction. Consequently, geophysical method is of importance not only to geophysicists but also to geologists, engineers and archaeologists. The paper only covers the basic physical principles, methodology, and application ﬁelds of the various survey methods

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Li, Wenhao, Qisheng Zhang, Qimao Zhang, Feng Guo, Shuaiqing Qiao, Shiyang Liu, Yueyun Luo, Yuefeng Niu, and Xing Heng. "Development of a distributed hybrid seismic–electrical data acquisition system based on the Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 8, no. 2 (August 12, 2019): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-8-177-2019.

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Abstract. The ambiguity of geophysical inversions, which is based on a single geophysical method, is a long-standing problem in geophysical exploration. Therefore, multi-method geophysical prospecting has become a popular topic. In multi-method geophysical prospecting, the joint inversion of seismic and electric data has been extensively researched for decades. However, the methods used for hybrid seismic–electric data acquisition that form the base for multi-method geophysical prospecting techniques have not yet been explored in detail. In this work, we developed a distributed, high-precision, hybrid seismic–electrical data acquisition system using advanced Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology. The system was equipped with a hybrid data acquisition board, a high-performance embedded motherboard based on field-programmable gate array, an advanced RISC machine, and host software. The data acquisition board used an ADS1278 24 bit analog-to-digital converter and FPGA-based digital filtering techniques to perform high-precision data acquisition. The equivalent input noise of the data acquisition board was only 0.5 µV with a sampling rate of 1000 samples per second and front-end gain of 40 dB. The multiple data acquisition stations of our system were synchronized using oven-controlled crystal oscillators and global positioning system technologies. Consequently, the clock frequency error of the system was less than 10−9 Hz at 1 Hz after calibration, and the synchronization accuracy of the data acquisition stations was ±200 ns. The use of sophisticated NB-IoT technologies allowed the long-distance wireless communication between the control center and the data acquisition stations. In validation experiments, it was found that our system was operationally stable and reliable, produced highly accurate data, and it was functionally flexible and convenient. Furthermore, using this system, it is also possible to monitor the real-time quality of data acquisition processes. We believe that the results obtained in this study will drive the advancement of prospective integrated seismic–electrical technologies and promote the use of IoT technologies in geophysical instrumentation.

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Kharisov, Timur F., Vitalii V. Melnik, and Aleksei L. Zamiatin. "Geophysical researches in mine." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal 7, no. 7 (November 11, 2020): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2020-7-49-55.

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Introduction. Geophysical methods of rock mass research are among the most effective ways of solving various mining problems being widely used in mining, gas and oil industry, as well as in science. They allow to conduct prospecting and prospect evaluation remotely, to reveal structural heterogeneity, cavities, zones of contacts of various environments in the rock mass with rather high precision. The article contains an example of solution to the problem of finding a fallen and spread through three-tier shelf in an operated shaft. Research methodology. Spectral seismic profile (SSP) method and GPR were used for prospecting. SSP is based on the dependence between the spectral composition of the oscillatory process occurring when rock mass exposed surface undergoes impact effect, and the structure of the rock mass. GPR method is based on the reflection of the electromagnetic wave from boundaries between media with different electrophysical properties. Research results. Geophysical methods have made it possible to identify the following boundaries of the metal shelf filled with rock mass inside the vertical shaft: 5.5–6.0 m, 10.5–11.0 m, 15 m. Combined results of the two measurement methods and their comparative analysis show rather high convergence therefore confirming the reliability of the obtained results. Exploration drilling of downholes from the level working confirmed the obtained results.

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Li, Gang, Lin Zhang, Yan Fu, and Yong Bo Zhou. "Geophysical Model of Coal Prospecting in Uplift Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 694 (November 2014): 312–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.694.312.

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The forecast and verification of concealed coal field in China mainly focus on the concealed uplift area (or exposure area of bedrock) and the slope of the known coal field and its surrounding area of sinking area. However, the coal inside the concealed uplift area where it is believed to be no coal is rarely studied. Based on regional geological setting and comprehensive study, the low gravity and low magnetic area is considered as target area for relict concealed coal field. Then high-resolution seismic reflection method is used to ascertain the thickness of Cenozoic rock strata and the depth of coal bed in the target area directly. Through the drilling verification, the result is quite good. In conclusion, gravity, magnetic together with seismic method is an effective way for prospecting concealed coal field in the uplift area.

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McCONNELL, ANITA. "Instruments for the Earth sciences: 7 - Geophysical prospecting." Geology Today 8, no. 2 (March 1992): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2451.1992.tb00363.x.

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Cole, Mark A., Andrew E. U. David, Neil T. Linford, Paul K. Linford, and Andrew W. Payne. "Non-destructive techniques in English gardens: geophysical prospecting." Journal of Garden History 17, no. 1 (March 1997): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1997.10412532.

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Tabbagh, Alain. "Geophysical prospecting for water resources in arid zones." Comptes Rendus Geoscience 338, no. 16 (December 2006): 1131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2006.09.016.

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Ji, Yanju, Tingzhe Huang, Wanyu Huang, and Liangliang Rong. "Meshfree Method in Geophysical Electromagnetic Prospecting: The 2D Magnetotelluric Example." International Journal of Computational Methods 15, no. 02 (September 28, 2017): 1750084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876217500840.

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As an important supplement and development of traditional methods, the meshfree method has received a great deal of attention in the field of engineering calculation, and has been successfully used to solve many problems which traditional methods have difficulty in solving. However, the application of meshfree method is relatively less in the area of geophysics. In this paper, we apply the meshfree method to the numerical simulation of geophysical electromagnetic prospecting, taking the 2D magnetotelluric as an example and deduce the corresponding meshfree radial point interpolation method (RPIM) equivalent linear equations in detail. The high-efficiency and accurate solutions of large-scale sparse linear equations are solved by the quasi-minimal residual method based on Krylov subspace. The optimal values of the shape parameters are given by numerical experiments. The correctness of the meshfree method is verified by a layered model. The root mean square error of the calculation results is no more than 0.35%, its accuracy is superior to the finite element method. We also compare the meshfree solution with FEM solution by calculating an inclined vein body model, and the calculation results are in good agreement. A continuously changing fault model and undulating terrain model which traditional methods have difficulty in simulating are respectively calculated, the sectional profiles of the apparent resistivity accurately reflect the trend of the anomalies. The meshfree method does not require the complicated mesh generation, and the physical parameters are loaded at a series of points, thus it is especially suitable for the calculation of the complex geological models. With the rapid development of computational science, the meshfree techniques will certainly become a new robust numerical simulation method in geophysical electromagnetic prospecting.

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Wang, Dong, Yong Feng Yan, and Jiao Jiao Chen. "Application of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Results in Prospecting Prediction: Taking Pangjiagou-Xiajinbaogou Au-Ag Polymetallic Ore in Hebei Chengde as an Example." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 2192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.2192.

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Pangjiagou-xiajinbaogou Au-Ag polymetallic ore in Hebei Chengde magmatic activity is very strong, mainly Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous of granite and Late Yanshanian alteration of acidic rocks, archean metamorphic rocks and Middle Proterozoic strata containing mainly gold seam. Studies show that the area is insignificant on main rock resistivity, and all kinds of mineral body, mineralized rocks Fs> 2.4%, gneiss containing high gold abundance, gold body, auriferous quartz veins are greater than 2.4% Fs,can be used as an indirect sign on geophysical prospecting. Sb, As, Pb, Ag, Au and other elements of the exception can be used as indirect signs on geochemical prospecting. After considering this area geophysical, geochemical characteristics analysis of, binding studies geological conditions, prospecting method using the analogy prediction target region, the success of the orebody found.

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Ignetik, Rainer. "Asymptotic representation of transient electromagnetic fields in geophysical prospecting." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 47, no. 3 (June 1993): 523–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700015343.

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Ihbach, Fatim-Zahra, Azzouz Kchikach, Mohammed Jaffal, Driss El Azzab, Oussama Khadiri Yazami, Es-Said Jourani, José Antonio Peña Ruano, Oier Ardanaz Olaiz, and Luis Vizcaíno Dávila. "Geophysical Prospecting for Groundwater Resources in Phosphate Deposits (Morocco)." Minerals 10, no. 10 (September 24, 2020): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10100842.

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The Moroccan phosphate deposits are the largest in the world. Phosphatic layers are extracted in open-pit mines mainly in the sedimentary basins of Gantour and Ouled Abdoun in Central Morocco. The purpose of this study was to prospect and evaluate the water potential of aquifers incorporated in the phosphatic series using the following geophysical methods: Magnetic resonance sounding (MRS), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), time-domain electromagnetics (TDEM), and frequency-domain electromagnetics (FDEM). The objective was, on the one hand, to contribute to the success of the drinking water supply program in rural areas around mining sites, and on the other hand, to delimit flooded layers in the phosphatic series to predict the necessary mining design for their extraction. The use of geophysical methods made it possible to stratigraphically locate the most important aquifers of the phosphatic series. Their hydraulic parameters can be evaluated using the MRS method while the mapping of their recharge areas is possible through FDEM surveys. The results obtained in two selected experimental zones in the mining sites of Youssoufia and Khouribga are discussed in this paper. The application of the implemented approach to large phosphate mines is in progress in partnership with the mining industry.

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Bulgakov, A. Yu, and A. K. Manshtein. "A geophysical device for automation of multielectrode electrical prospecting." Instruments and Experimental Techniques 49, no. 4 (July 2006): 565–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s002044120604021x.

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Crowell, Anna, and Will Gosnold. "Integrating geophysical data in GIS for geothermal power prospecting." Geosphere 11, no. 6 (October 2, 2015): 1651–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges01161.1.

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Speake, Clive C., G. D. Hammond, and C. Trenkel. "The torsion balance as a tool for geophysical prospecting." GEOPHYSICS 66, no. 2 (March 2001): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444943.

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We discuss whether the torsion balance can again become a key tool for geophysical prospecting. We outline the acknowledged disadvantages of the Eötvös torsion balance and seek designs of a torsion balance beam that would enable the torsion balance to be used on moving platforms. A key result is that torsion balance beams designed to be insensitive to the curvature and horizontal gradients of the gravity field are insensitive to the angular motion of the platform about horizontal axes. We suggest that a double torsion balance using these balance beam designs could be used on moving platforms. We point out that second gradients of the gravitational field (third derivatives of the potential) can be determined with reasonable sensitivity with current technology. We describe double torsion balance schemes where the mass, range, and azimuth of localized mass anomalies could be estimated or where local anomalies could be rejected using information from the second gravity gradient.

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Yang, Fan, Pengju Gao, Dong Li, Hanwen Ma, and Guoliang Cheng. "Application of comprehensive geophysical prospecting method in groundwater exploration." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 108 (January 2018): 032022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/108/3/032022.

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Milosevic, Gordana, Daniel Peters, and Holger Wendling. "Geophysical survey at late roman Mediana." Starinar, no. 61 (2011): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta1161275m.

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This article discusses the results of geophysical surveys conducted at Mediana, near the town Nis (Serbia) in April 2010. The research was realized in cooperation with the Romano-Germanic Commission of the German Archaeological Institute, the Archaeological Institute and the University of Belgrade. Mediana geomagnetic prospecting sites, as a form of non-destructive methods of investigation, provided many new details about the architectural and archaeological remains, particularly in the eastern part of the site.

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Kharitonov, Andrey L. "Geological and geophysical analysis of morphological structures of the central type in the Eastern European platform territory and its connection with hydrocarbon fields." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Earth Sciences 21, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7663-2021-21-1-65-72.

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Correlative interrelation of hydrocarbon field arrangement and morphological structures of the central type is revealed. Possible natural mechanisms of morphological structures formation of the central type are considered. By results of geological and geophysical interpretation of magnetic prospecting, gravity prospecting, heat floor data the deep structure of these morphological structures is shown.

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Soussi, Halima, Lahcen Bahi, Latifa Ouadif, Mohamed Chibout, Brahim Aghazzaf, Jada El Kasri, and Imane Jaouda. "Geophysical prospecting in the Doukkala area (Swalah commune) in Morocco." E3S Web of Conferences 150 (2020): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015003008.

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The collapse of the subsoil creates a risk for the population whether it is urban or rural. Each year, the damage caused by these collapses has considerable socio-economic consequences, and the damage costs are very high. Thus, the detection of these areas of collapse in urban and rural areas is important to prevent and avoid socio-economic consequences, and to establish a preventive risk planning to have a better protection of people and goods. The commune of Swalah, study area, belongs to the province of El Jadida which is part of those areas of Doukkala exposed to the risk of collapse due to the presence of underground cavities. These cavities are potentially dangerous for humans, especially in urban areas. They have different extensions that can be caused by natural or anthropic origin. Their size, as well as the physical properties of the external environment in which they are located, allow the use of different geophysical methods. The use of these geophysical methods is the best to detect and delineate cavities in this region. The present study was based on a geophysical compaign of vertical electrical soundings. Indeed, 50 electrical soundings were modeled and reinterpreted and allowed to detect and delineate any potential cavities in the region.

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Martino, Luis, Néstor Bonomo, Eugenia Lascano, Ana Osella, and Norma Ratto. "Electrical and GPR prospecting at Palo Blanco archaeological site, northwestern Argentina." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 6 (November 2006): B193—B199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2345193.

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We conducted a geophysical survey at the Palo Blanco archaeological site located in Catamarca, Argentina. Age estimates from radiocarbon dating indicate first occupation of the site around 1500 years ago. The first description of thesite was done in 1960. At that time, five residential units with different architectural arrangements were reported. These structures had different levels of deterioration caused by exposure and human activities. Some of these original structures have become completely covered by sediments. To aid in the design of efficient excavation plans, detailed maps are required to locate the buried walls. For this purpose, we conducted geophysical surveys over one of the structures. We had poor documentation about the structure at the time of the survey. Only one of the walls described in the earlier report was partially visible. We used two geophysical methods: ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity. We performed 2D inversion of the resistivity data, together with numerical GPR simulations. These helped to distinguish the expected reflection events from others, aiding in a correct interpretation of the data. Finally, we made a complementary interpretation of the resistivity and GPR data to compile a detailed map of the selected structure. We found that considering the two methods independently would have led to an incomplete map. We delineated a much more complex structure than originally expected and designed an excavation plan which was carried out. The layout of the rooms of the structure fully matched the predictions based on the interpretation used in detecting the walls and their depths. In this way, the geophysical forecasts were confirmed after excavation.

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Demanet, Donat, François Renardy, Kris Vanneste, Denis Jongmans, Thierry Camelbeeck, and Mustapha Meghraoui. "The use of geophysical prospecting for imaging active faults in the Roer Graben, Belgium." GEOPHYSICS 66, no. 1 (January 2001): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444925.

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As part of a paleoseismological investigation along the Bree fault scarp (western border of the Roer Graben), various geophysical methods [electrical profiling, electromagnetic (EM) profiling, refraction seismic tests, electrical tomography, ground‐penetrating radar (GPR), and high‐resolution reflection seismic profiles] were used to locate and image an active fault zone in a depth range between a few decimeters to a few tens of meters. These geophysical investigations, in parallel with geomorphological and geological analyses, helped in the decision to locate trench excavations exposing the fault surfaces. The results could then be checked with the observations in four trenches excavated across the scarp. Geophysical methods pointed out anomalies at all sites of the fault position. The contrast of physical properties (electrical resistivity and permittivity, seismic velocity) observed between the two fault blocks is a result of a differences in the lithology of the juxtaposed soil layers and of a change in the water table depth across the fault. Extremely fast techniques like electrical and EM profiling or seismic refraction profiles localized the fault position within an accuracy of a few meters. In a second step, more detailed methods (electrical tomography and GPR) more precisely imaged the fault zone and revealed some structures that were observed in the trenches. Finally, one high‐resolution reflection seismic profile imaged the displacement of the fault at depths as large as 120 m and filled the gap between classical seismic reflection profiles and the shallow geophysical techniques. Like all geophysical surveys, the quality of the data is strongly dependent on the geologic environment and on the contrast of the physical properties between the juxtaposed formations. The combined use of various geophysical techniques is thus recommended for fault mapping, particularly for a preliminary investigation when the geological context is poorly defined.

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Davydov, Vadim, and Andrei Nazarov. "Geophysical survey at the southern end of the Degtyarsky pyrite deposit." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal, no. 2 (March 30, 2020): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2020-2-37-43.

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Research aim is to study features peculiar to geophysical fields over the main geological features of the southern part of the Degtyarsky pyrite deposit at the Middle Urals. Methodology. Electromagnetic survey included symmetrical electric profiling (SEP) with ERA-MAX equipment (ERA Research and Production Enterprise, St. Petersburg) and rapid audio-magnetotelluric sounding (ATMS) with OMAR-2m wideband receiver (Institute of Geophysics UB RAS, Ekaterinburg). Magnetic survey was carried out with the help of the proton procession magnetometer GSM-19T (GEM Systems, Canada), gamma field survey was carried out with a survey meter SRP-68-01 (Electron, Zhovti Vody). Results. According to the results of observational analysis, high-quality sections of electrophysical parameters of the environment were constructed at the parametric profile together with the charts of other geophysical fields. The studies have shown significant changes of resistivity and potential fields anomalies over various geological features of the ore field. Summary. Geophysical indications of border line of the main geologic features have been determined. Excessive electrical conductivity of ore control tectonic structures and radiation anomaly have been revealed in the promises of the ore body, which can serve a prospecting criterion for a similar ore body. Geophysical results are well within the existing geological data on the Degtyarsky mine.

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Mu, Huan Sheng. "A Geophysical Prospecting and Survey Research on Maojingba Tunnel Project." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1366.

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This article successfully gives an elaboration on the operating principle of seismic reflection, acoustic logging as well as the methods and techniques through the engineering geological investigation on Maojingba super long tunnel, and resolves the key technical issues, thus providing valuable references for future similar projects.

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AKHMETOV, Yermek M., Kambar M. ASSEMOV, and Victor N. SHAYTOROV. "Geophysical survey of earthen dam using the electrical prospecting methods." Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy 50, no. 2 (July 29, 2020): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31577/congeo.2020.50.2.4.

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The hydraulic structures for the land reclamation needs and their operation are the objects of careful attention. The water-bearing earth dams of small height pose an extra danger, where the accident occurs the most often. Such facilities should be constantly monitored to prevent the dangerous incidents. The article discusses an alternative method for studying the filtration properties of earth dams by the electrical parameters – resistivity, induced polarization and self-potential. The relative polarizability was used to exclude the influence of electrical resistivity to the induced polarization data. A study of advanced technology to identify the filter zones was carried out on an earthen dam in the Almaty region, Kazakhstan. The measurement data for three profiles are presented as the sections form in the parameters of resistivity and relative polarizability. Their complex interpretation with the respect of self-potential data, is given as a diagram of probable filtration paths. This is possibly due to the local increased watering in the dam loamy body. Then, the electric and self-potential parameters were evaluated to determine the filtering zones. The study results of above parameters have identified several water-saturated zones in the dam body. This technology could be used to estimate the condition of such objects and their engineering-geological monitoring.

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Czarnecka, K. "Interpretation of vertical tectonic movements supported by structural geophysical prospecting." Journal of Geodynamics 9, no. 2-4 (July 1988): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0264-3707(88)80087-5.

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Zhang, Q. S., M. Deng, J. Ai, L. Zhang, and J. Y. Huang. "Exploring Cr/CrNx/CryCz/Cr-DLC film for geophysical prospecting." Materials Research Innovations 18, sup2 (May 2014): S2–600—S2–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1432891714z.000000000492.

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Karlsen, Tor Arne, and Odleiv Olesen. "Airborne geophysical prospecting for ultramafite associated talc, Altermark, northern Norway." Journal of Applied Geophysics 35, no. 4 (October 1996): 215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-9851(96)00026-2.

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Vyzhva, S., V. Onyshchuk, I. Onyshchuk, M. Reva, and O. Shabatura. "METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF GEOPHYSICAL STUDIES OF KARST DANGEROUS TERRITORIES." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 1 (92) (2021): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.92.04.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the methodological principles of applying geophysical research methods in the study of karst-hazardous territories. The tasks that are posed in specialized studies of karst and geophysical methods for their solution are given. Four stages of specialized studies of karst-hazardous territories are identified: reconnaissance-methodological, prospecting, reconnaissance and monitoring. The set of geophysical methods for the development of these stages are determined. It is noted that a rational set of geophysical methods in the study of karst processes is determined for each individual natural environment (individual site). The possibility of performing field research by a separate geophysical method in this area, the presence of differentiation in rocks according to their physical properties which are used by a specific geophysical method and economic efficiency of the application of this geophysical method were taken into account. As an example, some results of geophysical studies carried out in the framework of the Lyubensky field of native sulfur are given.

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Sáez Blázquez, Cristina, Pedro Carrasco García, Ignacio Martín Nieto, Miguel Ángel Maté-González, Arturo Farfán Martín, and Diego González-Aguilera. "Characterizing Geological Heterogeneities for Geothermal Purposes through Combined Geophysical Prospecting Methods." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (June 17, 2020): 1948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12121948.

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Geothermal energy is becoming essential to deal with the catastrophic effect of climate change. Although the totality of the Earth’s crust allows the exploitation of shallow geothermal resources, it is important to identify those areas with higher thermal possibilities. In this sense, geophysical prospecting plays a vital role in the recognition and estimation of potential geothermal resources. This research evaluates the geothermal conditions of a certain area located in the center of Spain. The evaluation is mainly based on geological and geophysical studies and, in particular, the Time Domain Electromagnetic Method and the Electrical Resistivity Tomography. Once we analyzed the geology and the historical thermal evidence near the study area, our geophysical results were used to define the geothermal possibilities from a double perspective. In relation to anomalous heat gradient, the identification of a fault and the contact with impermeable granitic materials at the depth of 180 m denotes a potential location for the extraction of groundwater. Regarding the common ground-source heat-pump uses, the analysis has allowed the determination of the most appropriate area for the location of the geothermal well field. Finally, the importance of accurately defining the position of the drillings was confirmed by using software GES-CAL.

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Eppelbaum, Lev V. "Review of Processing and Interpretation of Self-Potential Anomalies: Transfer of Methodologies Developed in Magnetic Prospecting." Geosciences 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2021): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11050194.

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The self-potential (SP) method is one of the most inexpensive and unsophisticated geophysical methods. However, its application is limited due to the absence of a reliable interpreting methodology for the complex geological-environmental conditions. To exclude disturbances appearing in the SP method, a few ways for their removal (elimination) before quantitative analysis are presented. A brief review of the available interpretation methods is included. For the magnetic method of geophysical prospecting, special quantitative procedures applicable under complex physical-geological environments (oblique polarization, uneven terrain relief and unknown level of the normal field), have been developed. The detected common peculiarities between the magnetic and SP fields make it possible to apply the advanced procedures developed in magnetic prospecting to the SP method. Besides the reliable determination of the depth of anomalous targets, these methodologies enable the calculation of the corrections for non-horizontal SP observations and to determine the orientation of the polarization vector. For the classification of SP anomalies, is proposed to use a new parameter: the ‘self-potential moment’. The quantitative procedures (improved modifications of characteristic point, tangent techniques and the areal method) including the determination of the SP vector and SP moment, have been successfully tested on models and employed in real situations in mining, archaeological, environmental and technogenic geophysics. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the presented methodologies.

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Ma, Yan Ying, Yong Qiang Yang, Ji Zhang Fan, Miao Wang, Zhong Wen Wang, and Yan Qiu Li. "Synthetic Informational Prospecting Model of Gold Placer in the Northwest of Heilongjiang Province." Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (March 2015): 855–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.855.

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The northwest of Heilongjiang province is a very important mineral site of precious metals and has always been a occurrence place of Placer gold. On the basis of analysis and study of ore-forming geological settings, geophysical and geochemical features of the ore belt, the authors have concluded the metallogenic essential factor , Prospecting factor and have established the Gold Placer Synthetic informational Prospecting Model of northwest of Heilongjiang province .

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Chen, Lei, Fengkai Zhang, Yuxiao Ren, Xinji Xu, Zhichao Yang, and Ming Li. "Tunnel Prospecting Based on Integrated Interpretation of Geophysical Data: Xiangyun Tunnel, Yunnan Province, China." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 24, no. 1 (March 2019): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg24.1.63.

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With China's expanding economy, many tunnels are being designed and constructed. However, tunneling in hazardous geologic terrain, with faults, fractures, water-bearing openings, and other adverse geological conditions, construction safety is seriously endangered. To ensure the safety of tunnel construction, a tunnel geological prospecting method was proposed and applied at the Xiangyun Tunnel in Yunnan Province, China. In the investigation stage, the engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions were analyzed to recognize high-risk sections. In the construction stage, the “tunnel ahead” prospecting scheme was optimized based on the macroscopic geological conditions. Geological mapping of the tunnel, seismic ahead prospecting and transient electromagnetic soundings were employed as well as resistivity models to image potential adverse conditions. Horizontal drilling and tunnel excavation records verified the geophysical predictions and interpretations.

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Angelis, L. G., P. Stephanopoulos, and P. St Papamarinopoulos. "Geoelectric prospecting in University Campus region for detection of possible geological discontinuities, Rio, Patra, Greece." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 3 (December 21, 2016): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.10941.

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Geophysical prospecting is a non catastrophic technique, applicable on a wide range of problems, including archaeological, environmental and geological problems. At Campus University of Patras, a detailed geophysical investigation applied for detection of possible existing geological discontinuities, which produced serious problems at buildings and main roads of Campus. As main technique used the electric mapping and electric imaging. These were applied on already prepared geophysical grids by measuring parallel profiles along and perpendicular to the geomagnetic north. The two geophysical grids were separated 100 meters away each other. Firstly, an electric mapping procedure took place by using twin-probe array with four electrodes in distance between 0.5-3 meters. As result was the recording of soil resistance on horizontal layer with constant depth. By processing the data through Geosoft Oasis Montaj software, the distribution of this physical property was illustrated on color scale maps. Secondly, electric imaging technique applied with twenty-five equal space electrodes along straight lines, with one meter space byusing the hybrid arrangement Wenner-Schlumberger (Stephanopoulos, 2002). As result was the recording of distribution of soil apparent resistivity on a vertical layer in eight separated depths. Resistivity calculated by processing imaging data through 2D mathematical algorithm based on least squares inversion (Res2Dinv). Furtherprocessing by Oasis Montaj, had as a result the production of horizontal slices (Stephanopoulos 2002) and 3D maps, where the resistivity distribution was illustrated on separated depths, in color and grey schedule format. The combined geophysical investigation with the contribution of the HVSR (Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio) technique confirmed the existence of geological discontinuity.

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Huang, Zhiqiang, Wenlin Zhang, Jing Zhu, Dou Xie, and Maolin Dai. "Research on variation law of geophysical drill-bit downhole flow field under the interaction of multiple hydraulic factors." Science Progress 104, no. 3 (July 2021): 003685042110316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504211031683.

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Mountain geophysical prospecting operations play an important role in the entire petroleum exploration field. Geophysical drill-bit is the main tool for mountain geophysical prospecting operations. Its hydraulic structure directly affects the downhole flow field and then affects the chip removal efficiency and drilling efficiency of the bit. At present, most of the scholars’ research is focused on Poly Diamond Crystalline bit, roller bit, etc., and the research on geophysical drill-bit is less, and most of them study the downhole flow field based on the change of single hydraulic structure. The primary objective of this research is to study the variation law of the downhole flow field under the interaction of multiple hydraulic structure factors. The drilling time and cuttings size of two geophysical drill-bits with different hydraulic structures are compared, and the key hydraulic structure factors are selected for analysis. Using numerical simulation software, take different levels of key hydraulic structure parameters and carry out orthogonal experiments. Under the interaction of various factors, study the flow field distribution in the flow channel, the downhole, and the annulus area of the shaft lining. The hydraulic structure of the geophysical drill-bit is closely related to the drilling speed and chip removal efficiency. When multiple hydraulic factors are changed, the diameter of the flow channel is the best when it is 10–12.5 mm, the inclination of the flow channel should be set as close as possible to the center of the downhole, and the length of the chip groove increases, the movement of cuttings is more stable. Variation law of downhole flow field under the interaction of multiple hydraulic factors is studied. This study provides a basis for the hydraulic structure design and optimization of the geophysical drill-bit.

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Parshin, Alexander, Ayur Bashkeev, Yuriy Davidenko, Marina Persova, Sergey Iakovlev, Sergey Bukhalov, Nikolay Grebenkin, and Marina Tokareva. "Lightweight Unmanned Aerial System for Time-Domain Electromagnetic Prospecting—The Next Stage in Applied UAV-Geophysics." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 2060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052060.

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Nowadays in solving geological problems, the technologies of UAV-geophysics, primarily magnetic and gamma surveys, are being increasingly used. However, for the formation of the classical triad of airborne geophysics methods in the UAV version, there was not enough technology for UAV-electromagnetic sounding, which would allow studying the geological environment at depths of tens and hundreds of meters with high detail. This article describes apparently the first technology of UAV-electromagnetic sounding in the time domain (TDEM, TEM), implemented as an unmanned system based on a light multi-rotor UAV. A measuring system with an inductive sensor—an analogue of a 20 × 20 or 50 × 50 m receiving loop is towed by a UAV, and a galvanically grounded power transmitter is on the ground and connected to a pulse generator. The survey is carried out along a network of parallel lines at low altitude with a terrain draping at a speed of 7–8 m/s, the maximum distance of the UAV’s departure from the transmitter line can reach several kilometers, thus the created technology is optimal for performing detailed areal electromagnetic soundings in areas of several square kilometers. The results of the use of the unmanned system (UAS) in real conditions of the mountainous regions of Eastern Siberia are presented. Based on the obtained data, the sensitivity of the system was simulated and it was shown that the developed technology allows one to collect informative data and create geophysical sections and maps of electrical resistivity in various geological situations. According to the authors, the emergence of UAV-TEM systems in the near future will significantly affect the practice of geophysical work, as it was earlier with UAV-magnetic prospecting and gamma-ray survey.

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Wang, Shou Liang, Cui Xia Qu, and Wei Liu. "Geophysical - Geochemical Anomaly Characteristics and Prospecting Marks of Dachang Gold Deposit in Qinghai." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 3792–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3792.

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Dachang ore field is located in the central of Au, Sb, Hg metallogenic belt in the north Bayankela mountain, with the Maduo - Gande deep major fault as its regional guide mineral structure. The gold deposits have grew up in the fracture - fissure system of large share zone in BaYanKaLa mountain group of Triassic strata, and Magmatic activities in Yanshan Period provides favorable conditions for the activation, migration, enrichment and mineralization of gold element. Geophysical - geochemical anomaly and remote sensing of this area have shown that they are related with the mineralization, that means abnormal area with bigger Intensity is often located in the cross area of tectonic alteration and mineralization. Triassic strata, the north - west fault and its secondary structure - rock system and geophysical - geochemical anomaly are the obvious symbols of gold prospecting in the area. Through the metallogenic regularity, obvious symbols and distincting some geophysical - geochemical anomalies, more large and medium-sized gold deposits have been found. We should along the Maduo - Gande fault zone, extending for east - west trend and the depth, and larger scale gold deposits is expected to be found.

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Marrett, Randall, Stephen E. Laubach, and Jon E. Olson. "Anisotropy and beyond: Geologic perspectives on geophysical prospecting for natural fractures." Leading Edge 26, no. 9 (September 2007): 1106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2780778.

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PIRO, S. "Integrated Geophysical Prospecting at Ripa Tetta Neolithic Site (Lucera, Foggia-Italy)." Archaeological Prospection 3, no. 2 (June 1996): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0763(199606)3:2<81::aid-arp47>3.0.co;2-9.

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Lam, Hing‐Lan. "On the prediction of low‐frequency geomagnetic pulsations for geophysical prospecting." GEOPHYSICS 54, no. 5 (May 1989): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442690.

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Pulsations of the earth’s magnetic field due to solar‐terrestrial interaction are used for geomagnetic soundings to study conductive structures in the earth. However, the pulsations are also the unwanted background noise for magnetic exploration surveys. It is, therefore, desirable to conduct the sounding or survey work during geomagnetic conditions optimum for that particular undertaking. This paper relates the pulsational activity to a parameter (the DRX index) which characterizes the magnetic activity for each individual day and which is routinely forecast in Canada. By using the relations established in this study, it is possible to infer the future levels of pulsations from the forecast DRX, and a period of desired pulsational activity can thus be selected for the field work. In the course of a day, the afternoon is appropriate for conducting magnetic surveys because of a generally lower level of pulsational activity and a virtual absence of intense short‐period pulsations, while morning is optimal for carrying out induction soundings because of more intense pulsational activity and a tendency of enhanced long‐period pulsations to recur during that time of day.

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Martínez, Julián, Javier Rey, Senén Sandoval, Mª Camen Hidalgo, and Rosendo Mendoza. "Geophysical Prospecting Using ERT and IP Techniques to Locate Galena Veins." Remote Sensing 11, no. 24 (December 6, 2019): 2923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11242923.

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The aim of this study is to prove the effectiveness of two electrical geophysical prospecting techniques, namely electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and induced polarization (IP), in locating thin vein structures of metal sulphides embedded in Palaeozoic materials underlying a sedimentary cover. For this purpose, a Quaternary basin known as La Garza was selected, located in the mining district of Linares-La Carolina (Southern Spain). Galena (PbS) veins appear abundantly throughout this area, hosted in the Palaeozoic granitic bedrock. The studied veins show thicknesses from 0.5 to 2.0 m, and most present a vertical planar distribution. The veins lose their continuity below the sedimentary cover due to normal fractures that control the subsidence of the basin. During the 1980s, geophysical research campaigns were carried out in La Garza using vertical electrical sounding and failed in detecting the hidden veins. For this reason, to carry out this study, a closed regular mesh was designed, composed by eight ERT and IP profiles, with variable lengths between 315 and 411 metres. An electrode spacing between 5 and 7 metres was selected, thus allowing the granite bedrock to be reached without significantly reducing the resolution capabilities of the method. Even though ERT and IP are well-known geophysical techniques for mapping ore deposits, this is a case study that shows the advantages of the simultaneous use of both techniques (ERT and IP), over their individual application. ERT allows for reconstructing the morphology of the basin and the fractures that control it due to high-resistivity contrast between the overlying sedimentary cover and the underlaying granitic basement. However, it cannot provide any insights about their degree of mineralization. At this point, it is the IP technique that makes it possible to differentiate which are the mineralized structures. Some of these fractures produce high (above 50 mV/V) and moderate (below 50 mV/V) chargeability values, suggesting the existence of several unexploited metal veins. Furthermore, the derived models enable researchers to analyse the morphology of this sedimentary basin controlled by normal faults.

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He, Jing-zi, Zheng-guo Fan, Sheng-qing Xiong, Teng-fei Ge, Xu-zhao Huang, and Si-xun Wang. "Geophysical prospecting of copper-nickel deposits in Beishan rift zone, Xinjiang." China Geology 4, no. 1 (2021): 126–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31035/cg2021015.

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Liu, Mi, Guo An Yang, and Yong Lin Zhao. "The Research of Semi-Active Fuzzy Control on Sweep Frequency Vibration of Geophysical Prospecting Car." Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 640–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.640.

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The vibration system of a geophysical prospecting car has three main features: the starting frequency is low (from 1Hz); the load is large (a single spring bears more than 3667Kg of load); the vibration signal is mixed with stochastic components. In this paper, models of an improved passive vibration isolation system and a semi-active fuzzy vibration control system of a geophysical prospecting car frame are established and simulated respectively. In the semi-active fuzzy control system the stiffness of an air spring is adjusted, and at the same time the impact by damping changes on the system performance is also taken into account. In order to evaluate the effects, the displacement and acceleration of car frame and the dynamic load of air spring are taken to comparative analysis. The results indicate that the proposed semi-active scheme can effectively lower the damage from vibroseis to the body of the car.

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Sapia, Vincenzo, Valerio Materni, Federico Florindo, Marco Marchetti, Andrea Gasparini, Nunzia Voltattorni, Riccardo Civico, et al. "Multi-Parametric Imaging of Etruscan Chamber Tombs: Grotte Di Castro Case Study (Italy)." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 26, 2021): 7875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177875.

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A multi-parametric approach that involves the use of different geophysical methods coupled with geochemical data allowed us to identify undiscovered archeological burials in a funerary area of the Grotte di Castro Etruscan settlement. In particular, we tested the suitability of the capacitive resistivity method and the presence of Radon in soil for the identification of burials calibrating their outcomes over coincident survey profiles with standard geophysical techniques routinely applied for archaeological prospections. Soil Radon data were acquired both in a grid and along a profile to highlight anomalous gas concentrations, whereas electrical resistivity and ground-penetrating radar measurements were conducted on overlapping profiles to depict the electrical and electromagnetic subsurface distribution. Data integration showed a series of anomalies, suggesting the presence of multiple burials starting from a depth of approximately 1.5 m below the terrain surface. Slight anomalies of Radon in the soil were found to correspond to most of the recovered geophysical ones. Our results pointed out the effectiveness of geophysical method integration in archeological prospecting with the novelty of the joint use of Radon in soil measurements and capacitive resistivity tomography. The latter provided reliable results and can be considered as a standalone technique in archaeological surveys.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Geophysical prospecting'

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