Academic literature on the topic 'Georgian National characteristics'
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Journal articles on the topic "Georgian National characteristics"
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Varshanidze, Nadim, and Emzar Kakhidze. "SOME ISSUES ON NATIONAL IDENTITY OF GEORGIAN MUSLIMS." Pro Georgia, no. 32/2022 (January 1, 2022): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32690/1230-1604/pg32/varshanidze/kakhidze.
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The southern region of Georgia, historical Meskheti which according to tradition was primary converted in Christianity even in the 1st century AD was occupied by Ottomans since 16th century AD. Only the territories of present Samtskhe-Javakheti and Ajara, approximatelyone third of ancient Messkheti are parts of modern state of Georgia being a part of the Russian Empire since 1829 and 1878 in sequence.It is interesting the different results, which occurred after the entire process. The Muslim inhabitants of Samtskhe-Javakheti, unlike of Ajarians, could not keep up the national consciousness and as of today it admits itself like ethnic Turks. There are some important reasons among which we should emphasize Ottoman ruling traditions and characteristics of Georgian political and cultural life in the 19th century. The case is that Samtskhe in the middle ages was the active political player unlike Ajara. It was one of the initiator of decentralization and because of this significantly the main victim of Ottoman occupation. In 16th-19th centuries Ottomans established their governance institutions definitely in this region and islamization, like to administrative centers in the Balkans, most profoundly is noticed there. On the other hand, in the 1830s when Samtskhe-Javakheti entered to Russian province inhabited by eastern Georgians, upper intellectual strata was in the process of formation. The tradition that prevented Muslims from perception of being Georgians, was still strong. Only later, in the 1870s Muslim population of Samtskhe-Javakheti were promulgated as Georgians by the request of Georgian society. It was late though, however such policies justified in newly joined Ajara. To say shortly, geographical conditions, faulty infrastructure and advanced ideas appeared in the second half of the 19th century in Georgia contributed to preservation of inhabitants of Ajara within the framework of the Georgian national identity.
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Tabatadze, Sandro. "Far right political stances: the same trend in Georgia?" Review of Nationalities 9, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pn-2019-0016.
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AbstractThis article deals with the emerging far right movements in Georgia, where the growing Europeanization process is taking place. Therefore, it aims to determine how relevant the European-experienced understanding of the far right with the similar movement political positions is. The article presents the stances of the members of far right movements (Georgian March, Anti-liberals, Georgian National Unity and Edelweiss) on foreign and identity policy and different socio-ethical issues, also assessed the neo-populist manner and belief in supremacy of the law. The conclusion summarizes the major characteristics of these far right movements in comparative way.
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Kvantidze, Guliko. "The Khalat as a Gift and the Customs Connected to it in the Life of Eastern Georgia (According to the Georgian written sources)." Kadmos 8 (2016): 110–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32859/kadmos/8/110-157.
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The article deals with two issues widely discussed in ethnological studies: gifts and clothing. Landmark theories on gift exchange were first propounded by Marcel Mauss and Claude Lévi-Strauss, who introduced a multi-perspective approach. The question was further explored by Russian scholars Aaron Gurevich, Elena Ilnitskaya and others. The function and symbolism of clothing were studied by Flugel, Hofmann, Bogatyrov and other researchers, who pointed out primary and secondary characteristics of garments. Likewise significant are works by Georgian scholars who focused on the utilitarian and aesthetic features of Georgian national costumes and their regional, age and gender specifics. This article discusses khalat as a gift in Medieval East Georgia according to the 17th-18th century Georgian historical sources. Gift is understood as having a symbolic value of reciprocity and reflecting the ongoing political situation in the country. Royal practices for accepting khalat as a gift can be classed into three types: a. when a king removed his national clothes and publicly vested himself in Iranian garments, thus recognizing full obedience, b. when a king put on Iranian clothes over his Georgian national costumes, thus expressing his partial obedience and c. when a king entered the borders of his country dressed in Iranian clothes, which indicated that he was granted the insignia of royalty. The comparative study of written sources reveals that the presentation of khalats was practiced in Georgia in the Middle Ages (the 9th-12th centuries) as well as in Antiquity (the 1st-2nd and 5th-6th centuries).
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Ghvinjilia, Gvantsa. "Russian double annexation and the issue of religious consciousness in post‑soviet Georgian music." Aspects of Historical Musicology 30, no. 30 (April 8, 2023): 134–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-30.07.
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The article is dedicated to the сonsequences of Russian double annexation in post-modern and post-avant-garde Georgian music. As a result of the research, it was determined that Russian annexation changed the natural path of development of Georgian music. It is a well-known fact that in order to establish a national composition school, first of all, it is necessary to rely on the roots of national professional music (which in any case originates from the church music of a particular nation) from a stylistic point of view. As Georgian Orthodox chanting was chased from the Georgian Сhurch, they were completely unknown to first generation of Georgian composers. That is why the first Georgian composers were not honored to be the founders of the national composition school, and this became a historical misfortune of the first Georgian patriotic artists. During second annexation, due to the regime’s rejection of the Christian religion, Georgian composers were unabled to address the stylistic-intonational characteristics of Georgian chants. During the Soviet period, the regime banned music with religious content, and the use of church genres, as well as religious themes or church hymns in any genre of music. After the collapsing regime, the requirement to ban church genres or religious music was canceled, and it turned out that composers are often interested in religious themes and intensively refer to the stylistic and intonation, and mode characteristics of Georgian chants. Compositions of Maka Virsaladze and Eka Chabashvili are clear examples of it.
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Beridze, Teona. "Narrative as a method of studying the speech characteristics of bilingual children (On the example of Georgian bilingual and Greek monolingual juniors)." International Journal of Multilingual Education X, no. 2 (December 24, 2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22333/ijme.2021.18006.
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The present article: ″Narrative as a method of studying the speech characteristics of bilingual children (On the example of Georgian bilingual and Greek monolingual juniors)″ aims to study the nature of narrative and to establish narrative skills in school; also the purpose of the study is to define the importance of narrative as an effective method of research. The first part of the paper presents a brief overview of the theoretical material around the narrative. The second part of the article is based on empirical material. In particular, it is based on the analysis and results of my research which I have conducted at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (Greece). The article presents a study of children's narratives and a comparison of narratives during bilingualism; In particular, the use of narrative-based research method in the case of Georgian bilinguals and Greek monolinguals, the use of which is quite common in the modern field of psycholinguistics.
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Bokuchava, Natia. "Study of phenolic content using LC–MS/MS technic in Saperavi grapevine shoots growing in Georgia." Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 12, no. 2 (April 30, 2023): 5675–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i2.4244.
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Georgia is one of the world's oldest wine areas. Interest to by-products of vine processing is rising because they may be exploited as source of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes, rather than being discarded. The aim of the present research was to study polyphenolic compounds content in Saperavi grapevine shoots extract. Shoots of Saperavi grapevine were collected in Kakheti, Georgia. Extract was preliminary prepared and concentrated 4-fold. Polyphenols were extracted using Methanol and total phenolic content (TPC) was measured with Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) reagent in terms of Gallic acid. The qualitative composition and content of phenolic compounds was studied with Liquid Chromatography - tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The identification was achieved by comparison of the retention times (tR) and spectra characteristics of individual compounds with those in data library. As a result, 14 different phenolic compounds were isolated. Received results demonstrated possibility of using Georgian Saperavi grapevine shoots as a source of biologically active ingredients, for which studies should be proceeded accordingly. This research № PHDF-21-1607 has been supported by Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation (SRNSFG).
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Mamasakhlisashvili, L., and L. Ujmajuridze. "Study of less widespread and rare Georgian wine grape varieties." BIO Web of Conferences 15 (2019): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191501009.
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The genetic biodiversity of the Georgian genome of vine is a resource that creates Georgian viticulture – winemaking basis. According to its species diversity Solomon Cholokashvili Jigaura National International Category Collection GEO 038 of Mtskheta Municiality is really very interesting. On the background of the climate global changes it is necessary to complexly re-study the less widespread and rare grape varieties – according to fenological, chemical and enocarpological characteristics, and others, to spread them on their wide range – for the purpose of diversity of entrepreneurial varieties. In addition, information received as a result of the research will be used in variety breeding, as the original material for the parent couple's target selection. The study of the species for research was performed in field and laboratory conditions by complex using of different research methods.
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Shavlokhov, Georgy K. "The National Liberation Struggle and the Declaration of Independence of South Ossetia in the Late 80s - Early 90s. 20th Century." Vestnik of North Ossetian State University, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/1994-7720-2022-1-76-83.
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The article deals with issues related to the history of the creation of the statehood of the Republic of South Ossetia from the time of the beginning of the destruction of the Soviet Union until its complete collapse. The relevance of the article is due to the growing interest in the historical conditions for the construction of statehood in South Ossetia, its features and characteristics. In addition, the events of this important stage in the recent history of the South Ossetian people are still insufficiently covered in the domestic scientific literature. Particular attention is paid to the political processes of the late 80s - early 90s. of the last century, which radically changed the situation in South Ossetia. It is noted that the invasion of the Georgian armed formations into the territory of South Ossetia, as well as the facts of the genocide carried out against them by the Georgian Mensheviks in the summer of 1920, preserved in the historical memory of the South Ossetian people, predetermined the impossibility of further being part of the Georgian state, aggressively disposed against national minorities. Accordingly, the population of South Ossetia came to the full realization of the need to declare independence, as the only way to save themselves from physical destruction by Georgian nationalists. Great importance in the work was given to the consideration of a set of issues related to the political, legal and historical justifications for the declaration of independence of the Republic of South Ossetia. In particular, it is stated that the implementation of the strategic course towards full independence and sovereignty of the republic, self-determination of the South Ossetian people was carried out in accordance with the union legislation in force at that time. As a result, the people of South Ossetia, who suffered heavy human losses and destruction during the national liberation struggle, retained their historical lands, the article emphasizes.
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Nedberg, Ingvild Hersoug, Tinatin Manjavidze, Charlotta Rylander, Ellen Blix, Finn Egil Skjeldestad, and Erik Eik Anda. "Changes in cesarean section rates after introduction of a punitive financial policy in Georgia: A population-based registry study 2017–2019." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 19, 2022): e0271491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271491.
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Background There is little research on how financial incentives and penalties impact national cesarean section rates. In January 2018, Georgia introduced a national cesarean section reduction policy, which imposes a financial penalty on hospitals that do not meet their reduction targets. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of this policy on cesarean section rates, subgroups of women, and selected perinatal outcomes. Methods We included women who gave birth from 2017 to 2019 registered in the Georgian Birth Registry (n = 150 534, nearly 100% of all births in the country during this time). We then divided the time period into pre-policy (January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017) and post-policy (January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019). An interrupted time series analysis was used to compare the cesarean section rates (both overall and stratified by parity), neonatal intensive care unit transfer rates, and perinatal mortality rates in the two time periods. Descriptive statistics were used to assess differences in maternal socio-demographic characteristics. Results The mean cesarean section rate in Georgia decreased from 44.7% in the pre-policy period to 40.8% in the post-policy period, mainly among primiparous women. The largest decrease in cesarean section births was found among women <25 years of age and those with higher education. There were no significant differences in the neonatal intensive care unit transfer rate or the perinatal mortality rate between vaginal and cesarean section births in the post-policy period. Conclusion The cesarean section rate in Georgia decreased during the 2-year post-policy period. The reduction mainly took place among primiparous women. The policy had no impact on the neonatal intensive care unit transfer rate or the perinatal mortality rate. The impact of the national cesarean section reduction policy on other outcomes is not known.
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Abesadze, Nino, Otar Abesadze, and Nino Paresashvili. "MODERN STATISTICAL TRENDS OF EXPORTS BY SEA TRANSPORT TO THE CIS COUNTRIES." ინოვაციური ეკონომიკა და მართვა 10, no. 2 (August 3, 2023): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46361/2449-2604.10.2.2023.140-150.
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Nino Abesadze
Email:nino.abesadze@tsu.ge
Associate Professor, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisis State University
Tbilisi, Georgia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-2771
Otar Abesadze
Email:o.abesadze@gmail.com
Associate Professor, Georgian National University SEU
Tbilisi, Georgia
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-4995
Nino Paresashvili
Email:nino.paresashvili@tsu.ge
Associate Professor, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisis State University
Tbilisi, Georgia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-6491
Abstract. In the modern conditions of globalization, the use of sea transport is becoming more and more popular, the share of which is quite high in export trade relations.
The main goal of the paper is to outline the trends in export under the conditions of sea transport and to determine the main parameters. Analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction were used in the research process, as well as specific statistical methods: observation, grouping, and analysis. For the purpose of analysis, data were processed, and indicators were calculated with computer software SPSS.
Over the years, historically, the CIS has been and still is one of the major trade partners of Georgia. Its share in the total volume of exports is almost 50%, which was characterized by certain fluctuations in 2016-2022. If at the beginning of the period, only 35% of Georgia's total exports went to CIS countries, by 2019 its share increased to 53.8%.
Export relations with the CIS are mainly carried out by road (81%), while marine transport has a share of 9.8%. In 2016-2022, the average annual growth rate of exports to the CIS countries amounted to 123.9%, while the increase of exports by sea transport was 19% annually during the same period. In 2022, the share of exports by sea transport decreased, which makes up 4.7% of the total export in the CIS countries, which is 5.9 percentage points lower than the previous year's figure. Despite the fact that before and after the pandemic, Georgia has active trade relations with the countries of the region, bat a large part of re-exports, 94%, goes to the CIS countries, by road and then by sea.
Georgia's total export to the CIS increased by 33.3% compared to the previous year, while local export decreased by 1%. The increase in exports to the CIS was largely related to the increase in re-exports because in this period re-exports increased by 76%. Despite the growth of domestic exports, re-exports have a significant share in the total exports of Georgia with the CIS, and its change affects the characteristics of foreign trade. Accordingly, the ratio between local export and re-export is variable, which amounted to 0.69 in 2022.
Books on the topic "Georgian National characteristics"
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muzeumi, Sakʻartʻvelos erovnuli, ed. Kʻartʻvel mtʻieltʻa mentalobis istoriidan: Svanetʻi. Tʻbilisi: Gamomcʻeloba "Universali", 2008.
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Kvačantiraże, Tʻamaz. Gansjani erovnebaze, "enovnebaze," mesitqveebze da zog sxva ramezecʻ ... Tʻbilisi: Ileleli, 2013.
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Klarji, Gulaber. Gadašeneba gviceria kʻartʻvelebs? Ġmertʻo gvixseni!!! Tʻbilisi: Gamomcʻemloba "Egrisi", 2002.
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Čeliże, M. Kʻartʻuli erovnuli goni pʻilosopʻiur-istoriuli aspekʻtitʻ. Tʻbilisi: Tʻbilisis universitetis gamomcʻemloba, 2002.
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Čʻxartišvili, Mariam. On Georgian identity and culture: Nine international presentations. Tʻbilisi: Pub. House "Universal", 2009.
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Qoranašvili, Guram. Erovnuli sakitʻxi: Zogadtʻeoriuli da konkretul-istoriuli aspekʻtebi. Tʻbilisi: Š.P.S. "Nike", 1997.
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Silagaże, A. "Erovnuli cʻocʻxali organizmi": Istoriul-politikuri esse. Tʻbilisi: Gamomcʻemloba "Artanuji", 2000.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Georgian National characteristics"
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Maystrenko, Lyudmila. "THE ORIGINALITY OF THE MYTHOLOGY OF EROS PLATO IN THE POETRY OF VERGILIUS." In Modernization of research area: national prospects and European practices. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-221-0-26.
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Eros is one of the main themes of world literature. The theory of love, dialectically expounded by Plato in The Banquet, had a great influence on all European cultures, especially on morality, fiction, and fine arts. The experience of world literature confirms Plato’s theory, including the poetry of Virgil, his works «Bucolic», «Georgica» and «Aeneid». The purpose of the paper is to identify the characteristic features of the mythology of Eros in the works of Virgil, to clarify the nature of the eternal relevance of Plato’s philosophical discovery of earthly love and heavenly love, his vitality in literary works. Methodology. The choice of methods is determined by the peculiarities of the scientific problems of the topic, the solution of which is based on the selection, systematization, comparison, and textual analysis of the relevant material. The main method of research is comparative-historical with genetic and contact approaches, which are in the direct or indirect dialogue of Virgil with other authors. The psychological method was used to know the inner world of the artist, and his author’s interpretation of the mythology of Eros. Results of the survey. Objectively substantiated results are obtained, structural, thematic, and ideological characteristics of Eros mythology are systematized in their interrelation as a complex phenomenon during a certain period in Virgil’s poetry, and established ideas about the mythopoetic paradigm in ancient literature are developed. Plato’s teachings on Eros, its two stages – lower (Earthly love) and higher (Heavenly love) actualize the works of Virgil: «Bucolics», «Georgics», «Aeneid». Рractical implications and value. The practical significance of the work and its value are determined by the possibility of using it in the course of lectures at higher educational institutions. The same results can be taken into account when writing monographs, textbooks, and manuals, in the development of lectures, courses, and special courses on the history of foreign literature. In the Bucolics, Virgil raises the issue of the harmony of man and nature associated with the beauty of Eros. Virgil’s «Bucolics» testify to the complex inner world of man, to the dissonances of his soul, tired of the big city. Rural themes, full of beauty and love of life with all the colors of the Italian land, with the poet’s favorite evening – the constant motifs of the idyllic world of Virgil, which encourages love. In the Georgics, Virgil considers four themes: love, renunciation, death, and rebirth, developing Plato’s theory of the lower and higher levels of Eros – earthly and heavenly love. Virgil denies earthly love. He focuses on libido sexual – sexual desire as the lower stage of Eros. Virgil condemns not only carnal love but also all passion. The vanity of horses rushing to the finish line is no different from human vanity. An example of renunciation of love and all passion is the bee kingdom in Book IV «Georgik». Dido’s tragic love for Aeneas began with libido. Virgil equates the queen’s love affair with illness, a terrible element, a catastrophe. The spirit of great tragedy hovers throughout the fourth book of the Aeneid. Sympathizing with Dido, Virgil condemns her love for Aeneas as a destructive, destructive force, a mad shawl of love passion. However, the poet does not deny purified, that is, ideal love in the Platonic sense. It begins with love for the native land, for beauty, and reigns in all his works. It is love for nature, which permeates the artistic world of the poet, for native lares and penates, love for parents and paternal and maternal love, a mutual friendship between kindred spirits, and finally – love for all things: trees, celestial bodies, space life. Universal love dominates all the works of Virgil.
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Skok, Oleksandra, and Taisiia Shevchenko. "CRIMINAL AND LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSNATIONAL CRIME: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS." In European vector of development of the modern scientific researches. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-077-3-39.
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This article focuses on the criminal law characteristics of transnational crime, which has an extremely negative impact on the economic and social spheres of modern society in many countries. The provisions of international regulations on the definition of transnational crime and the reality of implementation of international agreements signed and ratified by Ukraine in terms of implementation in national criminal law of liability for crimes with transnational links have been thoroughly studied. In particular, the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Agreement between Ukraine and the European Police Office on Operational and Strategic Cooperation and other international regulations on cooperation of member states in combating transnational crime were studied. The statistical data of the General Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine are analyzed, which indicate the negative dynamics of the state of organized crime, which has increased over the last five years. The article presents official statistics, according to which in 2016 the share of organized crime amounted to 0.02% of the total number of crimes committed; in 2017 – 0.04%; in 2018 – 0.06%, in 2019 – 0.07%, in 2020 – 0.1% – which indicates an increase in the level of organized crime in general. An analysis of international regulations signed or ratified by Ukraine on the definition of transnational crime is carried out. The dispositions of the norms of the criminal legislation on detection of signs of crimes with transnational connections are analyzed. Crimes with signs of transnational crime have been identified under national legislation and the legislation of some foreign countries, on the basis of which their comparative characteristics have been made. It is established that some foreign countries also regulate the possibility of applying exemptions from criminal liability for similar criminal offenses under the domestic law on criminal liability. In particular, the norms of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Republic of Moldova, the Republic of Turkmenistan, the Republic of Tajikistan, the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, the Republic of Armenia are analyzed. The article identifies a list of crimes that may have signs of transnational crime. It has been established that the largest number of crimes that may have the characteristics of transnational crime are acts related to drug trafficking, human trafficking, smuggling, economic crimes, arms trafficking, smuggling and other closely related crimes. with border crossing and international criminal relations. On this basis, it is proposed to set out the disposition of Part 2 of Art. 201 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which provides for liability for smuggling, taking into account the new qualifier for the commission of this act by criminal groups with transnational ties. In addition, the problem of the lack of definition of transnational crime at the legislative level in Ukraine, which prompts further research in this area, has been identified.
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Wilhite, Donald A., and Mark D. Svoboda. "Monitoring Drought in the United States: Status and Trends." In Monitoring and Predicting Agricultural Drought. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195162349.003.0017.
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Drought occurs somewhere in the United States almost every year and results in serious economic, social, and environmental costs and losses. Drought is more commonly associated with the western United States because much of this region is typically arid to semiarid. For example, this region experienced widespread drought conditions from the late 1980s through the early 1990s. The widespread and severe drought that affected large portions of the nation in 1988 resulted in an estimated $39 billion in impacts in sectors ranging from agriculture and forestry to transportation, energy production, water supply, tourism, recreation, and the environment (Riebsame et al., 1991). In the case of agriculture, production losses of more than $15 billion occurred and especially devastated corn and spring wheat belts in addition to reducing exports to other nations. In 1995, the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) estimated annual losses attributable to drought at $6–8 billion (FEMA, 1995). Since 1995, drought has occurred in nearly all parts of the country, and many regions have been affected on several occasions and in consecutive years. Most of the eastern United States experienced an extremely severe drought in 1998– 99, and in parts of the southeast, drought occurred each year from 1999 through 2002, especially in Florida and Georgia. Figure 9.1 depicts nonirrigated corn yields for Nebraska for the period from 1950 to 2002. Nebraska is one of the principal agricultural states in the United States, and corn is one of its primary crops. The drought effects on yields are most apparent during the severe droughts of the mid-1950s, mid-1970s, 1980, 1983, 1988–89, and 2000. Extremely wet years, such as 1993 in the eastern part of the state, also depressed corn yields. Monitoring drought presents some unique challenges because of its distinctive characteristics (Wilhite, 2000). The purpose of this chapter is to document the current status of drought monitoring and assessment in the United States, particularly with regard to the agricultural sector.
Conference papers on the topic "Georgian National characteristics"
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Archvadze, Joseph. "The Main Features and Characteristics of the Post-Pandemic Period of the Economy." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.2.
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The article discusses the changes that have taken place in the process of globalization and public life in the post-pandemic period. It is emphasized that there is not the end of globalization, but the transformation of the globalization process, the slowing down of the globalization process instead of hyper-globalization and the formation of new political, military and regional ties and alliances under its roof: the process of aggressive globalization is replaced by the open protectionism of countries, the formation of financial and economic blocs and the corresponding With an industrial policy based on a regional principle and a certain ideological concept, narrative, value system and segmental or systemic convergence of economic interests. This was caused by such processes and events of global importance, such as the Covid pandemic, the growing US-China competition and the Russia-Ukraine war. In the mentioned conditions, the national states are not gradually regaining their political positions, but they are moving to a "strategic attack" in terms of exercising their rights, capabilities and influence and control over the members of the society. At the same time, the role and importance of transnational corporations is growing significantly. All this leads to an increase in the contradiction between, on the one hand, the practical realization of the spheres of personal freedom and sovereignty, and, on the other hand, the strengthening of the role of the state and transnational corporations. The activation of the state and its growing role in redistributing the national product also has a negative effect: the growing role of the state not only restricts the market, but also seriously damages competition as a development factor. - Guaranteed orders, provision of keys to products produced on the basis of state funds, etc., puts certain privileged businesses and others in a priori unequal conditions, strengthens the feeling of injustice in society and has a negative effect on ensuring social stability and sustainable development. Under the conditions of using modern technologies, on the one hand, the speed of movement of resources from one corner of the earth to another will increase, and on the other hand, the role of local resources in achieving the final results of production will increase, which is expressed in the transition from absolute globalization of production to relative localization. The pandemic gave a powerful impetus to such innovations, technological innovations as Internet-trade, delivery of goods by order, delivery of goods by parcels; Drones are increasingly being used to deliver goods to their destination, robotics and artificial intelligence are being used in virtually every field of activity. This leads to significant changes not only in the structure of jobs and employment. - At this time, along with the increase in the profits of companies and their shareholders, a considerable part of the working people remains unemployed, they become impoverished. The scale of social elevators, their speed and "carrying capacity" are decreasing. Consequently, the threat of property polarization and growing opposition between different layers of society becomes real. Rising inequality can lead to a "crisis of the means of existence". This, in turn, will lead to an increase in the number of IDPs. Forced migration may become one of the most serious global challenges in the next decade, which will act as a provoking factor for geopolitical conflicts and social tensions within countries, and will be a direct reputational and economic blow to globalization processes. It can already be safely said that the period needed to fully overcome its negative consequences will be longer than the duration of the Covid-pandemic period. Article in Georgian.
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Tsatava, Dalila. "THE STUDY ABOUT GASTRONOMIC TOURISM AND GASTRONOMIC TOURISTS ISSUES." In Proceedings of the XXIX International Scientific and Practical Conference. RS Global Sp. z O.O., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_conf/25052021/7564.
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Introduction and Goal. The process of globalization has shifted the world and a lot of things are changing in the tourism field as well, especially in gastronomic tourism. The food is modifying and the trapeze culture, rituals and attitudes that are one of the characteristics of the nation's identity, are facing extinction. The majority of nations are constantly trying to use the natural, historical and cultural resources to maintain their identity. In this context, it is important to successfully develop the gastronomic tourism capabilities. This process is linked to the recent "gastronomic boom". Based on the topic's relevance, we have tried describe the concept of gastronomic tourism and role of gastronomic tourist in the development of country's economy and culture. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research. The theoretical and methodological basis of this research are the contemporary Georgian and foreign scientific works on gastronomic tourism issues, expert evaluations, materials of international conferences dedicated to gastronomic tourism issues, historical and other sources. Results and Implications. Based on the research we have determined the concept of gastronomic tourism with its various forms. The reflexive moment which is one of the most important points in this area, is very evolving, so the scientific part should show more activity towards the topic of tourism, economics and culture. Conclusions. Understanding the gastronomic tourism as an important tourism business and the study of current events in the global world will help to develop gastronomic culture, maintain the identity of the nation, promote gastronomic tourism and enhance the economy of Georgia
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Lezhava, Zaza, Nana Bolashvili, Kukuri Tsikarishvili, Iasha Asanidze, and Nino Chikhradze. "Hydrological and Hydrogeological Characteristics of the Platform Karst (Zemo Imereti Plateau, Georgia)." In National Cave and Karst Research Institute Symposium 5. University of South Florida Tampa Library, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/9780991000951.1058.
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Kim, Jaehwan, Woochul Jung, William J. Craft, John Shelton, Kyo Song, Sang H. Choi, and Jag Sankar. "Properties of Electro-Active Paper and Its Potential as a Bio-Inspired Actuator for Special Applications." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-62486.
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On September 26, 2002, NASA announced that a consortium of six universities including: The University of Maryland, Virginia Tech, The University of Virginia, North Carolina A&T State University, North Carolina State University, and Georgina Tech had submitted the winning proposal for a National Institute of Aerospace. The Institute began formal operations in January of 2003 in Hampton, VA, and its mission included research, education, outreach, and technology transfer. One important focus of the NIA was to stimulate research among its member universities of potential benefit to NASA and to develop additional partnerships to further NIA focus areas. The work described in this paper is such an activity in bio-inspired actuator materials. This work was originally advocated and developed at Inha University, and it is being extended by teams from Inha University, North Carolina A&T State University, and NASA Langley so that the potential for these actuators as devices for special applications is better understood. This paper focuses on important performance characteristics of electro-active paper (EAPap) actuators and the potential of thes actuators to propel autonomous devices. EAPap is a paper that produces large displacement with small force under an electrical excitation. EAPap is made with chemically treated papers with electrodes on both outer surfaces. When electrical voltage is applied to the electrodes, a tip displacement is produced. One drawback in such actuators is that the actual power produced is variable, and the displacement is relatively unstable. Further, the performance tends to degrade in time and as a function of how the papers are processed. Environmental factors also impact the performance of the product including temperature and humidity. The use of such materials in ambulatory devices requires attention to these concerns and further research is needed to find what initial applications are most congruent with EAPap performance and service lift. In this paper, we have extended the knowledge base of EAPap to include additional ranges of temperature and humidity. We have also looked beyond the current tests on cantilevered beam actuators to segmented plate sections and have tested the ability of these actuators to perform as oscillatory devices both in and out of phase, and to chart their performance vs. time humidity and temperature thus emulating a rudimentary wing or walking assembly.