Relevant bibliographies by topics / German and Greek

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'German and Greek'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "German and Greek"

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Bickes, Hans, Tina Otten, and Laura Chelsea Weymann. "The financial crisis in the German and English press: Metaphorical structures in the media coverage on Greece, Spain and Italy." Discourse & Society 25, no. 4 (July 2014): 424–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926514536956.

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The German media presentation of the so-called Greek financial crisis caused an unexpected uproar in Germany. An anti-Greek sentiment evolved and spread among German citizens and solidarity for crisis-hit Greece was mostly rejected. Public surveys revealed that many Germans even wanted Greece to exit the Eurozone immediately. This article highlights the crucial role of the media in shaping the negative public opinion. In 2010, a period which has lately been referred to as Greek bashing, the German press had discussed the Greek financial crisis heatedly and controversially. Europe’s largest daily newspaper, BILD, published numerous reports that implicitly and explicitly constituted the myth of the corrupt and lazy Greeks in comparison to the hard-working Germans. In 2012, the crisis had spread much further, and not only Greece but other countries too were suffering from high debt, economic stagnation and unemployment. The news coverage became more moderate and conciliating and presented the dramatic social consequences for the respective population. This study highlights not only the development of the German media’s tenor on the Greek crisis through time, but adds an international perspective and widens the view by comparing the media treatment of the different countries involved. Based on 122 online articles, the study methodologically focuses on the analysis of metaphorical language in the news coverage of three comparable international news magazines: SPIEGEL (Germany), The Economist (the UK) and TIME (the USA), and contrasts the representation of Greece with the depiction of larger indebted European countries like Spain and Italy. The analysis shows remarkable differences in the evaluation and presentation of the crisis, which can be linked to the degree of involvement of Germany, the UK and the USA in European policies.
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Bieniek, Damian. "GERMAN ACTIONS ON GREEK CRISIS." sj-economics scientific journal 9 (December 30, 2011): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.58246/sjeconomics.v9i.466.

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Beginning of Greece problems was related to the accession to the Euro Zone. It occurred despite Greece did not meet the criteria thanks to the support of Germany and the Bundesbank, which assessed the economies of countries aspiring to a common currency. Lack of credibility for one country could burry the entire project. After entering the euro zone, Greece has significantly increased the reliability and successive governments could continue to fund increasing debt by issuance of bonds, bought mostly by French and German banks. Greek debt problem was exposed by the crisis of 2008. After collapse of the Greek finance European Union was forced to create assistance programs for the country, exceeding 100 billion. The largest cost were beard of course, by the economy of Germany. In the possession of European banks are Greek government bonds worth 52,3 billion dollars. With about 43 percent of this amount corresponds to German institutions, and further 27 percent to French lenders. Thus, Greece's problems transforms into problems of the banking sector in Germany and France, and problems across the EU economy Financial institutions and EU member states have imposed draconian Greek rescue package, which is believed to be a rescue package for the EURO. Germany stresses that loans to Greece, should be based on "market price" because otherwise it would be a form of subsidy, which violates the principle of the euro area. Angela Merkel has been pushing up the leading role of the IMF's "rescue" of Greece, which met with numerous objections. Merkel has been opposing by long time the idea of financing the debt of Greece by other countries, particularly by Germany. Merkel behaved so in fear of her party's election results, because the German taxpayers with an increasing reluctance opposed aid for the Greeks. German minister of economy said, however, that the ejection of Greece from the euro zone is impossible. In consideration to many economists Greeks will not be able to repay their obligations, most Greek bonds which were held by German banks should be written off. Germany has adopted a tough stance towards Greece and its problems with a huge budget deficit, impending bankruptcy of the country. Germany was the biggest beneficiary of the unified currency. Now it's bearing the greatest cost of saving a drowning partner. Billions of euros, which are pumped, are not guided by a means of noble conception of European solidarity, but a pragmatic concern about its banking system.
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ROCHE, HELEN. "THE PECULIARITIES OF GERMAN PHILHELLENISM." Historical Journal 61, no. 2 (December 18, 2017): 541–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x17000322.

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AbstractStudies of German philhellenism have often focused upon the idealization of Greece by German intellectuals, rather than considering the very real, at times reciprocal, at times ambivalent or even brutal, relationship which existed between contemporary Germans and the Greek state from the Greek War of Independence onwards. This review essay surveys historiographical developments in the literature on German philhellenism which have emerged in the past dozen years (2004–16), drawing on research in German studies, classical philology and reception studies, Modern Greek studies, intellectual history, philosophy, art history, and archaeology. The essay explores the extent to which recent research affirms or rebuts that notion of German cultural exceptionalism which posits a HellenophileSonderweg– culminating in the tyranny of Germany over Greece imposed by force of arms under the Third Reich – when interpreting the vicissitudes of the Graeco–German relationship. The discussion of new literature touches upon various themes, including Winckelmann reception at the fin-de-siècle and the anti-positivist aspects of twentieth-century philhellenism, the idealization of ‘Platonic’ homoeroticism in the Stefan George-Kreis, the reciprocal relationship between German idealist philhellenism and historicism, and the ways in which German perceptions of modern Greece's materiality have constantly been mediated through idealized visions of Greek antiquity.
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Chrysovitsanou, Vasiliki, and Christina Palaiologou. "German Art of the 19th Century through the Lens of The Greek Literary Magazine Kleiō (Clio): Academic Formalism Versus Modernism." International Journal of Arts, Humanities & Social Science 05, no. 07 (July 12, 2024): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.56734/ijahss.v5n7a2.

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We examine the work of 19th-century German painters as presented in the Greek-language magazine Kleiō published in Germany in the late 19th century. Through an extensive catalogue of paintings, the article highlights the themes that preoccupied German painters during this period. It places particular emphasis on their approach, aesthetic preferences, the decisive role played by the Academies of Fine Arts, and their attitudes towards the modern movements developing in France during the 19th century. It explores the reasons for which Kleiō magazine promoted academic German painting to its Greek readership. It reports the particularly close relations between Greece and Germany during this period and the fact that many Greek painters completed their studies at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. Since for most of the 19th century, Germany was deeply influenced by the achievements of ancient Greek art, many German painters opposed modernism, instead upholding what they perceived to be the values and ideals of classical antiquity integrating them into German art
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Antoniades, Euripides. "The German-Austrian Philhellenism through the Revolution Press-The Case of Newspapers Ellinika Chronika (Hellenic Chronicles) and O Filos tou Nomou (The Friend of the Law) during the Period 1824-1826." Studies in Media and Communication 10, no. 2 (October 31, 2022): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/smc.v10i2.5763.

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The Greek Revolution of 1821 was certainly an important milestone in the history of the Greek nation in order to reclaim freedom and create an independent state. This study will attempt to highlight the significance of philhellenism and philhellenes of the diaspora, with a special emphasis on the German Austrian philhellenism, as recorded in the Greek press during the revolution. This article examines a) how two Greek newspapers portray the German-Austrian philhellenism during 1824 – 1826 and b) how this world movement of philhellenism helped during the Greek revolution. The Philhellenic movement was related to the interest of European people in Greece and pre-existed the Greek revolution of 1821. In countries of Western Europe, such as Germany and Britain, interest in classical Greece was nurtured by philosophical, philological and explorative texts and news reporting. More particularly, articles from the Ellinika Chronika (Hellenic Chronicles) and O Filos tou Nomou (The Friend of the Law) newspapers refer to cases of Philhellenes living abroad, and especially the German Austrian axis, will be examined. These items create an important field of study that showcases how the press records history and events happening at the time of the Greek Revolution, 200 years ago.
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Andreou, Maria, Eva Knopp, Christiane Bongartz, and Ianthi Maria Tsimpli. "Character reference in Greek-German bilingual children’s narratives." EUROSLA Yearbook 15 (July 31, 2015): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eurosla.15.01and.

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This study investigates reference management of two groups of 8–12 year old Greek–German bilinguals, resident in Greece (Bilinguals_GR N = 38) and in Germany (Bilinguals_GE N = 39). We analyze the bilinguals’ retellings in each language and compare them with data from two monolingual control groups of Greek and German children (Monolinguals_GR and Monolinguals_GE, N = 20 respectively). We seek to establish how the use of referential forms in character introduction, maintenance and reintroduction in the bilinguals’ narrative retellings is affected by language dominance and whether proficiency in each language patterns similarly with respect to dominance in input. Our results indicate that differences in choice of referential form can be attributed to language dominance. Bilingual production of referential expressions differed from that of monolinguals when exposure to one language outweighed the other, as in the case of Bilinguals_GE. Similarly, proficiency in terms of vocabulary, verb diversity and syntactic complexity was affected in the weaker language for this group, which showed a strong dominance in German input. When exposure was more balanced (Bilinguals_GR), proficiency measures in both languages were affected, but to a lesser degree.
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Pavlidou, Theodossia-Soula. "Greek and German telephone closings." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 8, no. 1 (March 1, 1998): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.8.1.03pav.

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Oxman, Bernard H., and Ilias Bantekas. "State responsibility in private civil action—sovereign immunity—immunity for jus cogens violations— belligerent occupation—peace treaties." American Journal of International Law 92, no. 4 (October 1998): 765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2998144.

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Prefecture of Voiotia v. Federal Republic of Germany. Case No. 137/1997.Court of First Instance of Leivadia, Greece, October 30, 1997.On November 27, 1995, the Prefecture of Voiotia (soudiern Greece) and other claimants, in their individual capacity, brought a claim of indemnity before the Court of First Instance of Leivadia against the German state. The plaintiffs based their claims on atrocities (willful murder and destruction of private property) committed by German occupation forces against the persons and property of die village of Distomo in Voiotia on June 10, 1944. They sought compensation for the material and mental damage suffered as a result of those atrocities, which were specifically described in their briefs. The Greek Foreign Office forwarded the complaint to the German Foreign Office, which rejected and returned it to the Greek Embassy on the grounds that the suit impaired the sovereign rights of the German state. Germany was not represented at trial. The court awarded damages to the individual claimants of 9,448,105,000 drachmas (approximately $30 million).
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Hess, Christin. "What Are “Reverse Diasporas” and How Are We to Understand Them?" Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 17, no. 3 (June 2014): 288–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.17.3.288.

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This article presents empirical evidence from two contemporary diasporas to support the thesis that formal return to the homeland does not necessarily “unmake” diasporas, as some scholars have previously suggested. I argue that, instead, so-called reverse diaspora formation processes take place, with important repercussions for the acculturation of co-ethnic immigrants in their nominal “homelands.” This article focuses on this latter issue, primarily on processes of identity formation and notions of belonging and home, which are particularly meaningful in the context of this diasporic “homecoming.” It draws on the structured comparison of the ethnic Greek and ethnic German diasporas from the former Soviet Union who moved to Greece and Germany after perestroika. Despite their rich and illuminating analogies and overlaps, these two diaspora groups have never been compared and contrasted before. After a brief historical contextualization, complicated processes of identity negotiation and belonging in the putative “historical homelands” are investigated comparatively, lending credence to the idea that “reverse” German and Greek diasporas have developed within (and often in conflict with) contemporary Greek and German societies. The fact that they occur simultaneously in both countries tends to suggest that the concept of reverse diaspora is an important one that needs closer attention from scholars in the future. The article concludes by outlining how we may conceptualize a reverse diaspora, based on existing definitions of diaspora. My research materials consist of in-depth qualitative data collected over the course of six years by means of eighty-one semi-structured interviews in Russian, German, and Greek with migrants and experts in Greece and Germany, embedded in ethnographic research and supplemented by statistical data.
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Konstantinakou, Despina-Georgia. "A claim in need of ‘special treatment’: compensating for Greek tobacco seized by the German occupation authorities during World War II." Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 42, no. 1 (March 13, 2018): 134–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/byz.2017.21.

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Before World War II, tobacco was the most important Greek export, but just days after the German invasion in April 1941, the occupation authorities rushed to seize the tobacco production. While this article will document the seizure, most importantly, it will take a deeper look at how Greek tobacco producers and traders sought compensation for losses incurred as the result of the confiscation of their tobacco. It will also present how the German and the Greek postwar authorities handled these claims, taking into consideration Greek and German archival sources, which have hitherto been relatively neglected.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "German and Greek"

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Guethenke, Constanze. "The topos of freedom : the importance of Greek landscape and locality in German and Greek writing, 1770-1840." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395055.

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Konaris, Michael D. "The Greek gods in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century German and British scholarship." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519782.

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Sakellari, Alexandra. "The scenic presentation of the Electra-myth in Greek, German and American drama." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/844c957b-a33e-4e4a-a6ba-a3b3bd83174d.

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Billings, Joshua Henry. "The theory of tragedy in Germany around 1800 : a genealogy of the tragic." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:de67c4ef-2ddc-4a7a-8177-c55602c401f9.

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The thesis focuses on the theory of tragedy in Germany around 1800, and has two primary aims: to demonstrate the importance of idealist thought for contemporary approaches to tragedy and the tragic; and to revise the intellectual historiography of the classic phase in German letters. It traces reflection on Greek tragedy from the Querelle des anciens et des modernes in France around 1700 through the aesthetic systems formulated in Germany around 1800. Two intellectual developments are emphasized: the historicist consciousness that develops throughout the eighteenth century and places Greek tragedy more radically in its cultural context than ever before; and the idealist philosophy of art, which seeks to restore a measure of universality to the ancient genre, seeing it as the manifestation of a timeless quality of ‘the tragic.’ These two impulses, historicizing and universalizing, it is argued, are fundamental to modern understanding of Greek tragedy. The genealogical method seeks to establish a greater continuity with earlier eighteenth-century thought than is generally recognized, and to refute the teleologies that dominate accounts of idealist thought. A reconstruction of the central texts of Schiller, Schelling, Hegel, and Hölderlin reveals that the theory of tragedy around 1800 is in large part a reflection on history, an effort to understand how ancient literature can be meaningful in modernity. Greek tragedy becomes the ground for an engagement with the pastness of antiquity and its possible presence. Idealist theories, far from dissolving particularity in abstraction, seek a mediation between philological historicism and philosophical universalism in considering Greek tragedy. A genealogy of the tragic suggests that such mediation remains a vital task for scholars of the Classics.
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Mamalis, Spyridon. "The statistical relationship between the EUR/USD exchange rate and the Greek, Spanish, and German Stock Market." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30689.

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Ziamou, Theodora. "Public participation in administrative rulemaking : a comparative study of the American and of European (English, German, Greek) legal systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286644.

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Zouridakis, Georgios. "The introduction of the derivative action into the Greek law on public limited companies as a means of shareholder protection : a comparative analysis of the British, German and Greek law." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/17136/.

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Shareholder protection has been a focal point of the Greek legislator's agenda for years. Despite a series of reforms towards the direction of shareholder empowerment, the adequacy of the existing framework remains questionable. The thesis conveys the argument that the remedies for maladministration under Greek company law remain dysfunctional and need to be reformed in order to establish an effective and competitive legal framework for shareholder protection. It is argued that such initiatives are important in order to boost investor confidence and provide an effective monitoring mechanism of corporate governance. In order to assess whether and to what extent the Greek shareholder law attains these objectives, it is examined on a comparative basis with jurisdictions which recently reformed their shareholder law; namely the United Kingdom and Germany. The thesis analyses the imperfections of Greek law. The latter is devoid of a genuine derivative action and the existing functionally equivalent mechanism is unsuitable to overcome the challenges of shareholder litigation. The relevant law is exclusionary and rather biased against individual shareholders. It deters meritorious litigation and does little to ensure that proceedings do not run contrary to the company’s interests. Much of corporate misfeasance escapes the scope and content of the existing provisions and, effectively, corporate wrongdoing is left uncompensated for and undeterred. Furthermore, the broader legal framework cannot compensate for the absence of an appropriate mechanism to enforce directors’ duties and pursue corporate claims via shareholder-initiated litigation. However, the examination of the strategies followed by the UK and Germany provides useful insights for the way forward. The rationale for and the experience from the recently introduced provisions thereto are invaluable in the thesis’ attempt to construct and propose a modern and functioning model of derivative actions for Greece.
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Bunge, Hans-Henning. "Comparing Ancient History Textbooks of Imperial Germany and the Weimar Republic." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1197059579.

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Sarantis, Konstantinos. "The acquisition of argument structure alternations in English by native speakers of Greek and German : the case of the dative and locative alternations." Thesis, University of Essex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446555.

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Exadaktylos, Theofanis. "The Europeanization of national foreign policy : the case of Greek and German foreign policies vis-à-vis the eastern enlargement of the European Union." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529288.

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Books on the topic "German and Greek"

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McGrath, William J. German Freedom and the Greek Ideal. Edited by Celia Applegate, Stephanie Frontz, and Suzanne Marchand. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137369482.

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Karpouchtsis, Charalampos. German Foreign Policy and Greek Martyr Communities. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44370-2.

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(Germany), Südosteuropa-Gesellschaft, ed. South-Eastern Europe today: Problems and perspectives : the Greek and German aspect : proceedings of the VIII Greek-German symposium. Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 2010.

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Angelidou, Maria. Lexiko Germanoellēnikēs kai Hellēnogermanikēs glōssas. Athēna: Ekdoseis Olympia, 1991.

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Wendt, Heinz F. Langenscheidts Taschenwörterbuch Griechisch: Neugriechisch-Deutsch, Deutsch-Neugriechisch. Edited by Langenscheidt-Redaktion. Berlin: Langenscheidt, 1999.

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editor, Dehrmann Mark-Georg, and Weber Jutta 1952 editor, eds. Von der Aehnlichkeit der Griechischen und Deutschen Sprache. Göttingen: V&R Unipress, 2016.

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Schajowicz, Ludwig. De Winckelmann a Heidegger: Ensayos sobre el encuentro griego-alemán. Río Piedras, P.R: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1986.

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Efstathiou, Maria. Die Verben der Fortbewegung: Eine kontrastive Analyse der Sprachen Neugriechisch und Deutsch. Bonn: Holos, 1992.

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1896-, Snell Bruno, and Thesaurus Linguae Graecae Project, eds. Lexikon des frühgriechischen Epos: LfgrE. Göttingen: Vandenhoek & Ruprecht, 1993.

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Johannes, Koder, ed. Die Hymnen. Stuttgart: Hiersemann, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "German and Greek"

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Valdez, Damian. "The Women of Athens II: Courtesans, Heroines, and the Greek Polis." In German Philhellenism, 83–105. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137293152_5.

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Bratsiotis, George, and David Cobham. "German Macroeconomic Thought and Its Effects." In Political Economy Perspectives on the Greek Crisis, 93–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63706-8_5.

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McGrath, William J. "Introduction." In German Freedom and the Greek Ideal, 1–11. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137369482_1.

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McGrath, William J. "Freedom and Authority: Goethe’s Faust and the Greek War of Independence." In German Freedom and the Greek Ideal, 13–41. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137369482_2.

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McGrath, William J. "Freedom in Architecture: Gottfried Semper and the Greek Ideal." In German Freedom and the Greek Ideal, 43–74. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137369482_3.

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McGrath, William J. "From Political Freedom to Self-Denial: Wagner’s Ring and the Revolutions of 1848." In German Freedom and the Greek Ideal, 75–130. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137369482_4.

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McGrath, William J. "Nietzsche and the Freedom of Self-Overcoming." In German Freedom and the Greek Ideal, 131–64. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137369482_5.

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McGrath, William J. "From Self-Denial to Political Freedom: The Odyssey of Thomas Mann." In German Freedom and the Greek Ideal, 165–95. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137369482_6.

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Psalidopoulos, Michalis. "French Ideas and German Cameralism (1821–62)." In A History of Modern Greek Economic Thought, 22–44. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315413419-3.

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Karpouchtsis, Charalampos Babis. "Current State of the Art and Relevant Literature Review." In German Foreign Policy and Greek Martyr Communities, 19–56. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44370-2_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "German and Greek"

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Costopoulou, Constantina, Maria Ntaliani, and Filotheos Ntalianis. "Social Media in Greek and German Wineries' Websites." In 2018 9th International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems and Applications (IISA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iisa.2018.8633596.

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Palogiannidi, Elisavet, Elias Iosif, Polychronis Koutsakis, and Alexandros Potamianos. "Valence, arousal and dominance estimation for English, German, Greek, Portuguese and Spanish lexica using semantic models." In Interspeech 2015. ISCA: ISCA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2015-334.

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Zhitin, R., and A. Topil'skiy. "“Manor libraries of the Tambov province of the late 18th – early 20th centuries”: a method of creating an information resource." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1805.978-5-317-06529-4/166-172.

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The article analyzes the main approaches to creating an information resource “Estate libraries of the Tambov province of the late XVIII – early XX century. The author analyzes the source base, identifies ways to systematize book collections of Tambov nobles of the XVIII–XIX centuries in Russian, French, Greek, Latin, English and German, and their significance for the study of book culture in the region
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Zhitin, R., and A. Topil'skiy. "“Manor libraries of the Tambov province of the late 18th – early 20th centuries”: a method of creating an information resource." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1805.978-5-317-06529-4/166-172.

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The article analyzes the main approaches to creating an information resource “Estate libraries of the Tambov province of the late XVIII – early XX century. The author analyzes the source base, identifies ways to systematize book collections of Tambov nobles of the XVIII–XIX centuries in Russian, French, Greek, Latin, English and German, and their significance for the study of book culture in the region
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Hristova-Shomova, Iskra. "Двата превода на Словото за Въведение Богородично от Герман Константинополски (BHG 1103) / Two Translations of the Homily for the Presentation of the Holy Virgin Mary by German of Constantinople (BHG 1103)." In Учителното евангелие на Константин Преславски и южнославянските преводи на хомилетични текстове (IX-XIII в.): филологически и интердисциплинарни ракурси / Constantine of Preslav’s Uchitel’noe Evangelie and the South Slavonic Homiletic Texts (9th-13th century): Philological and Interdisciplinary Aspects. Institute of Balkan Studies and Centre of Thracology – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62761/491.sb37.16.

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The Homily for the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the Temple by German of Constantinople (BHG 1103) with the incipit Θυμηδίας μὲν πᾶσα θειοτάτη πανήγυρις has an early Old Bulgarian translation, saved in Panegyrikoi of old recension. The translation is not complete, some parts of the Greek text were omitted. This translation has an East Slavic redaction, which contains changes of the text, sometimes significant, but the omitted parts of the text have not been added. The same homily has a Middle Bulgarian translation of the full text. The paper contains a comparison between the Old Bulgarian translation (on the base of manuscript Zographensis no. 94), its East Slavic redaction (on the base of manuscript kept in the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, no. 669) and the Middle Bulgarian translation (on the base of the Panegyricon of Mardarius of Rila, kept in the Rila Monastery, no. 4/5). Both translations are skillful, made by experienced translators who were fluent in Greek and had rich vocabularies, although they have made some mistakes.
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Mokari, Payam Ghaffarvand, and Maria Lialiou. "Perceptual and Acoustic Similarity of Modern Greek and Standard German Vowels: Does Cross-Linguistic Acoustic Similarity Predict Perception of Non-Native Vowels?" In Virtual PSLLT. Iowa State University Digital Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/psllt.13270.

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Dimarogonas, Andrew D. "On the Axiomatic Foundation of Design." In ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1993-0027.

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Abstract Mechanical design methodology has its origins in the writings of ancient Greek and Alexandrine authors between 300 BC and 100 AD when also the first aesthetic theory was proposed. German authors of the middle of 19th Century have introduced the foundation for Mechanical Design on basic Design Principles, modernized the machine element methodology and introduced the parallel development of the function with the form. F. Redtenbacher introduced a set of design principles. Reuleaux (1852) introduced two fundamental Design Principles (Ground Rules), re-introduced recently in axiomatic form by Suh et al. The paper discusses the merits of establishing Design Principles or Design Axioms as the fundamental Rules of design and the implications of these Rules on the design and manufacturing methodology. The relation of the Design Rules with the principles of the total quality engineering in the Taguchi sense is also investigated.
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Rudohradská, Simona, Laura Bachňáková Rózenfeldová, and Regina Hučková. "WHEN COMPETITION MEETS PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION." In International Scientific Conference “Digitalization and Green Transformation of the EU“. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/27455.

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In the submitted contribution the authors follow up on the case of Facebook, which was assessed by the German competition authority – Bundeskartellamt. Proceedings moved from administrative to judicial phase, as this case was assessed by Düsseldorf Higher Regional Court (Oberlandesgericht Düsseldorf ) and also by Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof ). However, German national courts had adopted differing views in this regard. National German court (Higher Regional Court, Düsseldorf, Germany) rendered a prejudicial question to Court of Justice of the European union (hereinafter referred to as “CJEU”), concerning mainly (1) interpretation of GDPR regulation and (2) question of whether competition authority is entitled to apply this regulation in its investigations. In the corresponding case No. C-252/21, the Opinion of Advocate General (delivered on 20 September 2022) was recently published. The aim of this paper is to assess the interaction between personal data protection in correlation with the competition rules, more precisely, whether the competition authority is entitled to apply GDPR.
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Mihaila, Ramona. "TRANSCULTURAL CONTEXTS: NETWORKS OF LITERARY TRANSLATIONS." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-167.

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While in the Western societies the act of translating was a phenomenon that had a powerful tradition which started long before the sixteenth century, in the Romanian Principalities the first timid attempts were recorded at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Taking into account the translations accomplished by the nineteenth Romanian women writers and the large range of languages (French, Italian, Greek, Latin, German, English, Spanish) they used, I have tried to “discover” and “revive” as many women writers as I could, first of all by focusing all my attention on the works of the neglected women (writers) translators. The present research, which limits only to Romanian women writers that translated writings of foreign women authors, needs also a special attention to finding biographical data about the translators since a lot of them used pen names (few writers used even more than three pen names) or signed their writing or translations only with the initial letters of their names, especially for the works published in installments. There is a significant amount of research in order to bring to light all the translated works since most of them can be found only in (incomplete) issues of journals, almanacs, literary magazines, theatre’s journals, or manuscripts. By using the international database Women Writers in History we may involve researchers and students from many European countries in contributing with important information concerning their women writers. There are also negotiations with national libraries in 25 countries around Europe in order to get partners for this database which offers open access.
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Geçimli, Meryem, and Ruşen Yamaçlı. "GREEN BUILDING CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS: COMPARISON OF TURKEY AND BULGARIA." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/31.

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Sustainability is defined as it meets the needs of present without compromising the ability of future generation’s needs. Today the topic of sustainability has the urgent importance. Especially buildings consume large amount of energy and resources. Construction sector has great impact on environment. During construction process, occupancy, renovations and/or restorations and demolition, buildings consume energy, water and sources. They are also generating waste and emit harmful atmospheric emissions. Since 1990’s countries had issued a series green building assessment scheme. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) developed by United States of America, Building Research Establishment’s Assessment Method (BREEAM) developed by United Kingdom and German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB) developed by Germany are the most commonly used. There is now a proliferation of standards, rating and certification systems to assistance in order to deliver sustainable building in the marketplace. It is estimated that there are nearly 600 green certifications around the world. Green building rating programs vary in their approach with some outlining prerequisites and optional credits. Turkey and Bulgaria have some historical partnerships. So it can be useful to compare current situation of two countries in terms of green building certification. The comparison includes certification systems used in two countries. Bulgaria mainly depends on DGNB which is originally German evaluation system. Besides this some projects took LEED and BREEAM, as in Turkey. But the important difference in two countries is that Turkey has been developing its local system that is called Turkish Green Building Council (BEST). Thus in this paper the comparison mainly depends on BEST and DGNB. And also the certified projects in two countries are compared quantitatively. The benchmarks of two systems are compared in terms of similarities and differences. The characteristics of either standard system were summarized and some suggestions for improving Turkey’s evaluation standard for green building were proposed
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Reports on the topic "German and Greek"

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Smith, Stephen. 'Green' taxes and charges: policy and practice in Britain and Germany. Institute for Fiscal Studies, November 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.1995.0048.

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Nilsson Lewis, Astrid, Kaidi Kaaret, and Evelin Piirsalu. Decarbonizing the EU's road and construction sectors through green public procurement: the case of France and Germany. Stockholm Environment Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.044.

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Despite positive signs in both France and Germany in the adoption of green public procurement (GPP), similar barriers remain: lack of knowledge and capacity at the local procurer level, as well as lack of standardized data and reporting systems.
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Pons, Aina, Annalisa Hauck, and Tarek Abdel Aziz. On Indocyanine Green Fluorescence and Autofluorescence in thyroid and parathyroid surgery: A systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0067.

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Review question / Objective: Autofluorescence (AF) and Indocyanine Green Fluorescence (ICG) were used for the first time for parathyroid gland (PG) identification in 2011 and 2015, respectively, during thyroidectomy/parathyroidectomy. Authors reported promising results. We aim to understand the efficacy, technical challenges, cost-effectiveness, and impact on postoperative biochemical and clinical outcomes of such new techniques. Eligibility criteria: The language filter was set to allow for publications in English, German, Spanish, and French assessing the use of ICG and/or AF for PG identification. Only titles and abstracts, followed by the full text dating from 2008 to 2020 have been considered in this review. Existing systematic reviews were excluded from the results.
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Ledermann, Anna Christine. Collective nouns in the Green Line and Access series : Comparing textbook language with natural usage data. Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-95288.

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German textbooks of English influence their users’ acquisition of agreement patterns with collective nouns in two ways. On the one hand, the use of collective nouns throughout the textbooks serves as a language model for students, and on the other hand, their grammar sections provide explicit rules on agreement patterns with collective nouns. The present study analyzes both these aspects in the LehrplanPLUS versions of the textbook series Green Line and Access for Bavarian secondary schools (Gymnasien) and compares them to native speaker data from Levin (2001). Although this comparison shows that the agreement patterns with collective nouns throughout the textbooks support their nativelike acquisition, the grammar sections show some deficits that might inhibit the nativelike acquisition of agreement patterns with collective nouns.
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Nilsson Lewis, Astrid, Kaidi Kaaret, Eileen Torres Morales, Evelin Piirsalu, and Katarina Axelsson. Accelerating green public procurement for decarbonization of the construction and road transport sectors in the EU. Stockholm Environment Institute, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2023.007.

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Public procurement of goods and services contributes to about 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions. In the EU, public purchasing represents 15% of its GDP, acting as a major influencer on the market through the products and services acquired by governments from the local to national levels. The public sector has a role to play in leveraging this purchasing power to achieve the best societal value for money, particularly as we scramble to bend the curve of our planet’s warming. Globally, the construction and transport sectors each represent about 12% of government procurements’ GHG emissions. Furthermore, these sectors’ decarbonization efforts demand profound and disruptive technological shifts. Hence, prioritizing these sectors can make the greatest impact towards reducing the environmental footprint of the public sector and support faster decarbonization of key emitting industries. Meanwhile, the EU committed to achieving 55% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. Drastic emissions reductions are needed at an unprecedented speed and scale to achieve this goal. Green Public Procurement (GPP) is the practice of purchasing goods and services using environmental requirements, with the aim of cutting carbon emissions and mitigating environmental harm throughout the life cycle of the product or service. While the EU and many of its Member States alike have recognized GPP as an important tool to meet climate goals, the formalization of GPP requirements at the EU level or among local and national governments has been fragmented. We call for harmonization to achieve the consistency, scale and focus required to make GPP practices a powerful decarbonization tool. We surveyed the landscape of GPP in the EU, with a focus on construction and road transport. Through interviews and policy research, we compiled case studies of eight Member States with different profiles: Sweden, the Netherlands, France, Germany, Estonia, Poland, Spain and Italy. We used this information to identify solutions and best practices, and to set forth recommendations on how the EU and its countries can harmonize and strengthen their GPP policies on the path toward cutting their contributions to climate change. What we found was a scattered approach to GPP across the board, with few binding requirements, little oversight and scant connective tissue from national to local practices or across different Member States, making it difficult to evaluate progress or compare practices. Interviewees, including policy makers, procurement experts and procurement officers from the featured Member States, highlighted the lack of time or resources to adopt progressive GPP practices, with no real incentive to pursue it. Furthermore, we found a need for more awareness and clear guidance on how to leverage GPP for impactful societal outcomes. Doing so requires better harmonized processes, data, and ways to track the impact and progress achieved. That is not to say it is entirely neglected. Most Member States studied highlight GPP in various national plans and have set targets accordingly. Countries, regions, and cities such as the Netherlands, Catalonia and Berlin serve as beacons of GPP with robust goals and higher ambition. They lead the way in showing how GPP can help mitigate climate change. For example, the Netherlands is one of the few countries that monitors the effects of GPP, and showed that public procurement for eight product groups in 2015 and 2016 led to at least 4.9 metric tons of avoided GHG emissions. Similarly, a monitoring report from 2017 showed that the State of Berlin managed to cut its GHG emissions by 47% through GPP in 15 product groups. Spain’s Catalonia region set a goal of 50% of procurements using GPP by 2025, an all-electric in public vehicle fleet and 100% renewable energy powering public buildings by 2030. Drawing from these findings, we developed recommendations on how to bolster GPP and scale it to its full potential. In governance, policies, monitoring, implementation and uptake, some common themes exist. The need for: • Better-coordinated policies • Common metrics for measuring progress and evaluating tenders • Increased resources such as time, funding and support mechanisms • Greater collaboration and knowledge exchange among procurers and businesses • Clearer incentives, binding requirements and enforcement mechanisms, covering operational and embedded emissions With a concerted and unified movement toward GPP, the EU and its Member States can send strong market signals to the companies that depend on them for business, accelerating the decarbonization process that our planet requires.
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Schuster, Gadi, and David Stern. Integrated Studies of Chloroplast Ribonucleases. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697125.bard.

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Gene regulation at the RNA level encompasses multiple mechanisms in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including splicing, editing, endo- and exonucleolytic cleavage, and various phenomena related to small or interfering RNAs. Ribonucleases are key players in nearly all of these post-transcriptional mechanisms, as the catalytic agents. This proposal continued BARD-funded research into ribonuclease activities in the chloroplast, where RNase mutation or deficiency can cause metabolic defects and is often associated with plant chlorosis, embryo or seedling lethality, and/or failure to tolerate nutrient stress. The first objective of this proposal was to examined a series of point mutations in the PNPase enzyme of Arabidopsis both in vivo and in vitro. This goal is related to structure-function analysis of an enzyme whose importance in many cellular processes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes has only begun to be uncovered. PNPase substrates are mostly generated by endonucleolytic cleavages for which the catalytic enzymes remain poorly described. The second objective of the proposal was to examine two candidate enzymes, RNase E and RNase J. RNase E is well-described in bacteria but its function in plants was still unknown. We hypothesized it catalyzes endonucleolytic cleavages in both RNA maturation and decay. RNase J was recently discovered in bacteria but like RNase E, its function in plants had yet to be explored. The results of this work are described in the scientific manuscripts attached to this report. We have completed the first objective of characterizing in detail TILLING mutants of PNPase Arabidopsis plants and in parallel introducing the same amino acids changes in the protein and characterize the properties of the modified proteins in vitro. This study defined the roles for both RNase PH core domains in polyadenylation, RNA 3’-end maturation and intron degradation. The results are described in the collaborative scientific manuscript (Germain et al 2011). The second part of the project aimed at the characterization of the two endoribonucleases, RNase E and RNase J, also in this case, in vivo and in vitro. Our results described the limited role of RNase E as compared to the pronounced one of RNase J in the elimination of antisense transcripts in the chloroplast (Schein et al 2008; Sharwood et al 2011). In addition, we characterized polyadenylation in the chloroplast of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and in Arabidopsis (Zimmer et al 2009). Our long term collaboration enabling in vivo and in vitro analysis, capturing the expertise of the two collaborating laboratories, has resulted in a biologically significant correlation of biochemical and in planta results for conserved and indispensable ribonucleases. These new insights into chloroplast gene regulation will ultimately support plant improvement for agriculture.
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Bostock, Richard M., Dov Prusky, and Martin Dickman. Redox Climate in Quiescence and Pathogenicity of Postharvest Fungal Pathogens. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586466.bard.

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Monilinia fructicola causes brown rot blossom blight and fruit rot in stone fruits. Immature fruit are highly resistant to brown rot but can become infected. These infections typically remain superficial and quiescent until they become active upon maturation of the fruit. High levels of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and related compounds occur in the peel of immature fruit but these levels decline during ripening. CGA inhibits cutinase expression, a putative virulence factor, with little or no effect on spore germination or hyphal growth. To better understand the regulation of cutinase expression by fruit phenolics, we examined the effect of CGA, caffeic acid (CA) and related compounds on the redox potential of the growth medium and intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. The presence of CA in the medium initially lowered the electrochemical redox potential of the medium, increased GSH levels and inhibited cutinase expression. Conidia germinated in the presence of CA, CGA, or GSH produced fewer appressoria and had elongated germ tubes compared to the controls. These results suggest that host redox compounds can regulate fungal infectivity. In order to genetically manipulate this fungus, a transformation system using Agrobacterium was developed. The binary transformation vector, pPTGFPH, was constructed from the plasmid pCT74, carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by the ToxA promoter of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and hygromycin B phosphotransferase (hph) under control of the trpC promoter of from Aspergillus nidulans, and the binary vector pCB403.2, carrying neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) between the T-DNA borders. Macroconidia of M. fructicola were coincubated with A. tumefaciens strain LBA 4404(pPTGFPH) on media containing acetosyringone for two days. Hygromycin- and G418-resistant M. fructicola transformants were selected while inhibiting A. tumefaciens with cefotaxime. Transformants expressing GFP fluoresced brightly, and were formed with high efficiency and frequency of T-DNA integration frequency. The use of these transformants for in situ studies on stone fruit tissues is discussed.
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Drury, J., S. Arias, T. Au-Yeung, D. Barr, L. Bell, T. Butler, H. Carter, et al. Public behaviour in response to perceived hostile threats: an evidence base and guide for practitioners and policymakers. University of Sussex, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20919/vjvt7448.

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Background: Public behaviour and the new hostile threats • Civil contingencies planning and preparedness for hostile threats requires accurate and up to date knowledge about how the public might behave in relation to such incidents. Inaccurate understandings of public behaviour can lead to dangerous and counterproductive practices and policies. • There is consistent evidence across both hostile threats and other kinds of emergencies and disasters that significant numbers of those affected give each other support, cooperate, and otherwise interact socially within the incident itself. • In emergency incidents, competition among those affected occurs in only limited situations, and loss of behavioural control is rare. • Spontaneous cooperation among the public in emergency incidents, based on either social capital or emergent social identity, is a crucial part of civil contingencies planning. • There has been relatively little research on public behaviour in response to the new hostile threats of the past ten years, however. • The programme of work summarized in this briefing document came about in response to a wave of false alarm flight incidents in the 2010s, linked to the new hostile threats (i.e., marauding terrorist attacks). • By using a combination of archive data for incidents in Great Britain 2010-2019, interviews, video data analysis, and controlled experiments using virtual reality technology, we were able to examine experiences, measure behaviour, and test hypotheses about underlying psychological mechanisms in both false alarms and public interventions against a hostile threat. Re-visiting the relationship between false alarms and crowd disasters • The Bethnal Green tube disaster of 1943, in which 173 people died, has historically been used to suggest that (mis)perceived hostile threats can lead to uncontrolled ‘stampedes’. • Re-analysis of witness statements suggests that public fears of Germany bombs were realistic rather than unreasonable, and that flight behaviour was socially structured rather than uncontrolled. • Evidence for a causal link between the flight of the crowd and the fatal crowd collapse is weak at best. • Altogether, the analysis suggests the importance of examining people’s beliefs about context to understand when they might interpret ambiguous signals as a hostile threat, and that. Tthe concepts of norms and relationships offer better ways to explain such incidents than ‘mass panic’. Why false alarms occur • The wider context of terrorist threat provides a framing for the public’s perception of signals as evidence of hostile threats. In particular, the magnitude of recent psychologically relevant terrorist attacks predicts likelihood of false alarm flight incidents. • False alarms in Great Britain are more likely to occur in those towns and cities that have seen genuine terrorist incidents. • False alarms in Great Britain are more likely to occur in the types of location where terrorist attacks happen, such as shopping areass, transport hubs, and other crowded places. • The urgent or flight behaviour of other people (including the emergency services) influences public perceptions that there is a hostile threat, particularly in situations of greater ambiguity, and particularly when these other people are ingroup. • High profile tweets suggesting a hostile threat, including from the police, have been associated with the size and scale of false alarm responses. • In most cases, it is a combination of factors – context, others’ behaviour, communications – that leads people to flee. A false alarm tends not to be sudden or impulsive, and often follows an initial phase of discounting threat – as with many genuine emergencies. 2.4 How the public behave in false alarm flight incidents • Even in those false alarm incidents where there is urgent flight, there are also other behaviours than running, including ignoring the ‘threat’, and walking away. • Injuries occur but recorded injuries are relatively uncommon. • Hiding is a common behaviour. In our evidence, this was facilitated by orders from police and offers from people staff in shops and other premises. • Supportive behaviours are common, including informational and emotional support. • Members of the public often cooperate with the emergency services and comply with their orders but also question instructions when the rationale is unclear. • Pushing, trampling and other competitive behaviour can occur,s but only in restricted situations and briefly. • At the Oxford Street Black Friday 2017 false alarm, rather than an overall sense of unity across the crowd, camaraderie existed only in pockets. This was likely due to the lack of a sense of common fate or reference point across the incident; the fragmented experience would have hindered the development of a shared social identity across the crowd. • Large and high profile false alarm incidents may be associated with significant levels of distress and even humiliation among those members of the public affected, both at the time and in the aftermath, as the rest of society reflects and comments on the incident. Public behaviour in response to visible marauding attackers • Spontaneous, coordinated public responses to marauding bladed attacks have been observed on a number of occasions. • Close examination of marauding bladed attacks suggests that members of the public engage in a wide variety of behaviours, not just flight. • Members of the public responding to marauding bladed attacks adopt a variety of complementary roles. These, that may include defending, communicating, first aid, recruiting others, marshalling, negotiating, risk assessment, and evidence gathering. Recommendations for practitioners and policymakers • Embed the psychology of public behaviour in emergencies in your training and guidance. • Continue to inform the public and promote public awareness where there is an increased threat. • Build long-term relations with the public to achieve trust and influence in emergency preparedness. • Use a unifying language and supportive forms of communication to enhance unity both within the crowd and between the crowd and the authorities. • Authorities and responders should take a reflexive approach to their responses to possible hostile threats, by reflecting upon how their actions might be perceived by the public and impact (positively and negatively) upon public behaviour. • To give emotional support, prioritize informative and actionable risk and crisis communication over emotional reassurances. • Provide first aid kits in transport infrastructures to enable some members of the public more effectively to act as zero responders.
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