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Journal articles on the topic 'Germany Conscription'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 27 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Longhurstová, Kerry. "Security Culture and Conscription in Germany." Czech Journal of International Relations 33, no. 3 (1998): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32422/cjir.1605.

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Treiblmayr, Christoph. "Militarism Revisited: Masculinity and Conscription in Germany." Journal of Contemporary History 39, no. 4 (2004): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009404046767.

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3

Rydel, Jan. "Kryzys Bundeswehry po zjednoczeniu Niemiec." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica 24, no. 324 (2021): 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20813333.24.11.

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The Bundeswehr, the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany, which was one of the strongestarmies in NATO during the Cold War, is currently in serious crisis. After the reunification of Germany, thenumber of soldiers was quickly reduced and the defence spending dropped to 1.2 percent of the GDP. In2004, the doctrine of using the Bundeswehr changed too. It was concluded that there was no risk of anattack on the German territory, so general conscription was abandoned and the supplies of weapons andammunition needed for mobilization were liquidated. The army was to specialise in peace and

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Ivanov, Oleksandr, and Danylo Matviienko. "PREREQUISITES AND REASONS FOR THE REMILITARIZATION OF GERMANY AND THE FORMATION OF THE BUNDESWER (1949–1957)." European Historical Studies, no. 20 (2021): 72–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2021.20.5.

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Based on the analysis of published sources, and the research of German, Soviet and Russian historians, the reasons and preconditions that led to the remilitarization of West Germany are clarified. Moreover, the authors also aim to highlight the processes of preparation and political decision-making, as well as the role of historical figures who influenced the construction of the West German army and directly participated in this process. Where as this problem has not been the subject of special analysis in Ukrainian historiography yet, this to some extent determines the scientific novelty of t

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Livny, Adi. "Conscientious Objection and the State." Armed Forces & Society 44, no. 4 (2017): 666–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327x17743988.

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The abundant writing on conscientious objection (CO) had kept one significant actor rather neglected—the state. Relatively unexplored is the question of how democracies shape their policies toward CO. This article wishes to address this gap, focusing in particular on states that maintain conscription, and examining what accounts for their different responses to CO. Based on the Israeli case study, while drawing on comparative insights from The Federal Republic of Germany and Switzerland during the Cold War, I argue that states’ treatment of CO depends primarily on the military’s status and the

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Wittmann, Florian. "Militärsportvereine unter dem NS-Regime." STADION 43, no. 2 (2019): 270–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2019-2-270.

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After conscription was re-introduced by Nazi Germany, countless military sports clubs were founded in the Wehrmacht. Although some of them rose in significance considerably until the end of WWII, little is known about these clubs. Based on recent access to archival sources, this article focuses on the self-representation and inner workings of these military sports clubs. It also shows how they set themselves apart from civilian sports clubs. The article also demonstrates that NS did not influence the daily routines of these clubs to a large extent.

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Kokebayeva, Gulzhaukhar, and Rakhmetolla Zakarya. "Evacuation and Repression: The Spaniards' Life in Kazakhstan." Historia Contemporánea, no. 70 (October 3, 2022): 919–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/hc.22359.

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When the war erupted between the USSR and Germany, the emigrants who were in the European part of the USSR were evacuated to the eastern republics, including Kazakhstan along with some children from children’s homes. The Spaniards repressed by the Soviet government and the soldiers-prisoners of the “Blue Division” were kept in the Kazakh camps. This paper examines the Spanish emigrants’ life and activities in Kazakhstan, their resettlement from Kazakhstan to the Crimea, and the problem of Spanish emigrants’ conscription in the Soviet Army. Also, the fate of repressed Spaniards who were sent to

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Lehmann, Andreas, Joël Floris, Ulrich Woitek, Frank J. Rühli, and Kaspar Staub. "Temporal trends, regional variation and socio-economic differences in height, BMI and body proportions among German conscripts, 1956–2010." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 3 (2016): 391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016002408.

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AbstractObjectiveWe analyse temporal trends and regional variation among the most recent available anthropometric data from German conscription in the years 2008–2010 and their historical contextualization since 1956.Design/setting/subjectsThe overall sample included German conscripts (N13 857 313) from 1956 to 2010.ResultsGerman conscripts changed from growing in height to growing in breadth. Over the analysed 54 years, average height of 19-year-old conscripts increased by 6·5 cm from 173·5 cm in 1956 (birth year 1937) to 180·0 cm in 2010 (birth year 1991). This increase plateaued since the 1

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Szymański, Piotr. "Polityka obronna Litwy w latach 2014-2018." Gdańskie Studia Międzynarodowe 16, no. 1-2 (2018): 65–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7625.

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The annexation of Crimea in 2014 marks the turning point in Lithuania’s defence policy. Previously, Lithuanian armed forces developed expeditionary capabilities in line with NATO’s out-of-area requirements and had to face substantial manning and equipment shortages as a result of the financial crisis. After 2014 clarion call, Lithuania responded with the most comprehensive measures of all the Eastern Flank states to strengthen its military capabilities. Lithuania’s main strategic concerns encompass both the Russian A2/AD bubble in Kaliningrad as well as the development of Russian offensive cap

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Csapody, Tamás. "„Bori mesék”. Képzőművész munkaszolgálatosok Borban." Művészettörténeti Értesítő 72, no. 1 (2024): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/080.2023.00003.

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During World War II six thousand Hungarians enlisted for labour service were taken from Hungary to Bor in Serbia occupied by germany (1943–1944). The great majority called up for unarmed labour service were of Jewish origin; they were supervised by Hungarian soldiers and worked under the control of german military officials (Organisation Todt). They were put to slave labour in the mines and the construction of the mountain railroad around Bor. Several of the Jewish labourers were beginning or already acknowledged artists at the time of their conscription. no matter how adverse the circumstance

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Wüst, Wolfgang. "IMPERIAL DISTRICTS AS FEDERAL AND REGIONAL ELEMENTS OF THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE 1500–1806." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 7 (2020): 654–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.77.8713.

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The creation of the Imperial Circles (= Reichskreise) was an overdue answer to the powerlessness of the Empire and the Estates in matters of the preservation of peace in the countryside, the organization of the Supreme Court, the control of taxes, begging, the poor, customs and coin matters, the conscription of the Imperial Army, health care – formed by the medical Policey with regard to the supply of drinking water, protection against epidemics and plague – and many other points in the early modern process of civilization. These included, for example, the construction of cross-border roads an

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Afflerbach, Holger. "A Nation in Barracks: Modern Germany, Military Conscription, and Civil Society. By Ute Frevert. Translated by, Andrew Boreham with, Daniel Brückenhause. Oxford: Berg, 2004. Pp. vi+322. £50.00 (cloth); £16.99 (paper)." Journal of Modern History 80, no. 1 (2008): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/586793.

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Feige, Edgar L., and William Velvel Moskoff. "German Jewish Soldiers and the Celebration of Yom Kippur in Wartime: Patriotic Images and Jewish Aspirations." Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 41, no. 3 (2023): 32–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sho.2023.a918854.

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Abstract: One of the enduring themes in German Jewish history has been the deep-seated desire of Jews to be fully accepted as equals by other Germans, including the right to worship freely. Their conscription and voluntary service in the military during both the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) and World War I (1914–1918), provided an opportunity for Jews to demonstrate their fealty to the nation. Moreover, their requests for Jewish military chaplains were granted, enabling them to celebrate their traditional High Holy Days services. This article tells the story of Jewish religious worship on Y

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Kaczmarek, Ryszard. "Mobilisation of polish into german army from occupies polish territory in Second world war." Genocidas ir rezistencija 2, no. 44 (2024): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2018.206.

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At the outbreak of the Second World War, some of the local population of the territory annexed to the German Reich were granted partial or full German citizenship by Heinrich Himmler’s decree on the Deutsche Volksliste (German People’s List). At the same time, men of draft age, like other Reich citizens, became subject to military service. However, the first mass conscriptions to the German army in the annexed territory took place even earlier, in the spring of 1940. At the time, a rather strange term Deutsch-Polen (German Pole) was used in German internal correspondence to describe conscripts

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de Juan, Alexander, Felix Haass, and Jan Pierskalla. "The Partial Effectiveness of Indoctrination in Autocracies." World Politics 73, no. 4 (2021): 593–628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887121000095.

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AbstractDictators depend on a committed bureaucracy to implement their policy preferences. But how do they induce loyalty and effort within their civil service? The authors study indoctrination through forced military service as a cost-effective strategy for achieving this goal. Conscription allows the regime to expose recruits, including future civil servants, to intense “political training” in a controlled environment, which should improve system engagement. To test this hypothesis, the authors analyze archival data on over 370,000 cadres from the former German Democratic Republic. Exploitin

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Komarov, Dmitrii E. "Liberation of Auschwitz (Auschwitz-Birkenau) by the Red Army units on January 27, 1945: chronicle of events on the documents of the 60th General Army." Herald of an archivist, no. 2 (2024): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2024-2-409-422.

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The article deals with the offensive operations of the 60th Soviet Army during the Sandomir-Silesian operation. On January 27, 1945 the soldiers of this army liberated the Polish city of Auschwitz and the concentration camp "Auschwitz-Birkenau", some sites of which were located in close proximity to the city. A whole direction in historical science is devoted to the study of Hitler's crimes in the concentration camps created by the Nazis. The article develops this direction in the part of analyzing the information about how and as a result of what the largest camp in the system of concentratio

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Destenay, Emmanuel. "The impact of political unrest in Ireland on Irish soldiers in the British army, 1914–18: a re-evaluation." Irish Historical Studies 42, no. 161 (2018): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ihs.2018.2.

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AbstractIn order better to understand the impact of political unrest in Ireland on Irish troops fighting in the First World War, it is necessary to acknowledge that the role of the 1916 Rising has been significantly overestimated, while the influence of the 1914 home rule crisis and the repercussions of the anti-conscription movement have been underestimated. The 1914 home rule crisis significantly impacted on the Germans’ view of the Irish and conditioned the treatment of Irish P.O.W.s from December 1914 onwards. In addition, the post-1916 Rising executions and the conscription crisis had a s

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18

Longhurst, Kerry. "Why aren't the Germans debating the draft? path dependency and the persistence of conscription." German Politics 12, no. 2 (2003): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09644000412331307614.

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Ganin, Andrey. "Dmitry Tikhobrazov: “My Immediate Goal Was to Get out of Serving Ukrainian Separatism”. Reminiscences about the Events in Ukraine in Late 1918 – Early 1919." Slavic World in the Third Millennium 17, no. 1-2 (2022): 142–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2022.17.1-2.08.

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This article introduces previously unpublished memoirs of Colonel Dmitry Nikolaevich Tikhobrazov about the events in Ukraine between late 1918 and early 1919. These memoirs are stored at the Bakhmeteff Archive of Russian and East European History and Culture at Columbia University in New York. The published fragment describes the attempted conscription of the memoirist to serve in the army of the Ukrainian People’s Republic Directory and the refusal of this service. These memoirs give us an insight into the attitude of white-oriented offi cers to the Petliurists and into what orders were issue

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Sterkhov, Dmitry. "Military and Patriotic Mobilisation in Prussia During the Liberations Wars of 1813–1815." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 5 (2023): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640028069-3.

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The author focuses on the first mass mobilisation in Prussia carried out by the Prussian government during the Liberation Wars of 1813–1815. He aims to answer the question of how successful this mobilisation was and whether the Prussian political elite managed to obtain the popular support for the war against Napoleonic France. Methodologically, the study is based on the theory of modernisation, according to which, during the Napoleonic Wars, universal conscription was introduced in the countries of Europe and modern mass warfare emerged. The introduction deals with the general causes promptin

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Gregory, Lawrence R. "Alien control measures and their effect on European born clergy and religious in the Diocese of Salford during the Great War." British Catholic History 37, no. 2 (2024): 127–62. https://doi.org/10.1017/bch.2025.1.

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By the end of the nineteenth century, Great Britain had become a home to many immigrant communities from across Europe and the wider world. The outbreak of the Great War of 1914-18 however, saw this multi-cultural society fracture. Those from the enemy nations suffered what Panikos Panayi described as efforts ‘aimed at eradicating the German community from Britain’, including persecution, internment, and repatriation, while the State struggled to deal with the threat of espionage and sabotage. Meanwhile, other immigrants from allied countries, such as Italy and Belgium, faced forced conscripti

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Fukamachi, Satoru. "When William Came to Japan: A Comparative Study of When William Came and the Post-War Period of Japan." Humanities 11, no. 6 (2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11060145.

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When William Came (1913) is Hector Hugh Munro’s (Saki) novel that describes the German invasion of Britain and its aftermath. It has been regarded as a propaganda novel since its publication, calling for conscription and the like; however, its psychological portrayal of Londoners under German rule is worth reading. Though there are studies on the literary and cultural aspects of this work, none have examined how realistic his depiction would be if Britain had lost the war. However, the premise of this work—how to live in a situation where a traditionally powerful nation is defeated and, becaus

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Harrison, Christopher. "The Gendered Necropolitics of Armenian–Ottoman Conscripts." Journal of History 59, no. 2 (2024): 154–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jh-2023-0053.

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Scholarly and testimonial evidence from Armenian, English, French, German, and Turkish sources document the gendered ways by which the Ottoman Empire utilized mandatory military service — conscription — as a tool to carry out genocide during the First World War. Recruitment and deployment policies empowered Ottoman conscripts to commit crimes while simultaneously authorizing the capture and destruction of Armenian men and boys. Given the obfuscations that arose amid the war’s normalized carnage, it is crucial to note that the intent to destroy and the method of capture that Ottoman perpetrator

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Lee, Junwoo. "The Analysis of Artmanen League as a Social Realization 1923-1929: The Social Project Toward Raising Future Youth Führers." Korean Society For German History 56 (August 30, 2024): 165–218. https://doi.org/10.17995/kjgs.2024.8.56.165.

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This research primarily deals with the Artaman Movement (Artamanenbewegung), the movement organized in 1923 with Voliksh (Völkisch) Ideology. Founded by the union of several Farmer’s College (Bauernhochschule) and Eagle and Falcon (Adler und Falken), actively participated in the Weimar Republic’s Volunteer Labor Service (Freiwilligearbeitdienst) by dispatching its members and establishing its own Artam estates. Through Volunteer Labor Service, Artaman League sought to expel Polish seasonal laborers from settling on German soil and providing real labor experience that the league expected to fos

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Pokharel, Bishnu Prasad, and Mumaya Thapa. "Material Realities and Ideological Paradigms in Afterlives: A Marxist Reimagining." NPRC Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 4 (2025): 149–59. https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v2i4.78322.

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Background: Abdulrazak Gurnah’s Afterlives (2020) explores the aftermath of German colonial rule in an unnamed coastal town in East Africa, shedding light on how imperial economic agendas shaped and disrupted local lives. The novel critiques the far-reaching consequences of German colonial capitalism by portraying how systems of education, law, culture, and ideology were weaponized to establish a superstructure that justified and sustained material exploitation. Methods: This study adopts Karl Marx’s and Raymond Williams’s theory of base and superstructure to analyze both the tangible and inta

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Keelan, Geoff. "Catholic Neutrality: The Peace of Henri Bourassa." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 22, no. 1 (2012): 99–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1008959ar.

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One-time Liberal Member of Parliament, Henri Bourassa (1868-1952) was also a member of the Quebec provincial legislature, French Canadian nationalist and editor of Le Devoir from 1910 to 1932. His enduring career lasted over five decades, during which he discussed a wide range of domestic and political issues. During the First World War, historians have traditionally acknowledged his powerful domestic presence, such as over French language rights, the Conscription Crisis of 1917, or during the Easter riots of 1918. As a result, few scholars have commented on his broad-ranging and critical anal

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Bourillon, Florence. "La rénovation du quartier Saint-Victor sous le Second Empire." Recherches contemporaines 2, no. 1 (1994): 79–112. https://doi.org/10.3406/bchfc.1994.1823.

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The renovation of the Saint-Victor neighbourhood during the Second Empire The haussmannian renovation of the Saint-Victor neighbourhood was a thorough-going one. The local population looked forward to the operation, in the hope of a better equilibrium between the left and right banks of the Seine and, more generally, better living conditions. The neighbourhood's inhabitants were consequently in favour of the extension of the rue des Écoles and put up with all the inconvenience of the opening of the boulevard Saint-Germain. The consequences of the works went further than they had anticipated ho

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Auerbach, Sascha. "‘You Have Lost All That Is German of You in the Dock’: Immigrant Communities and the Wartime State in London, 1914–18." Twentieth Century British History 31, no. 4 (2020): 503–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwz046.

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Abstract This article presents the wartime state in the local context and looks at how the daily activity of local courts and police changed dramatically during the wartime period. It also assesses the complex role that police and local courtrooms played with regards to ethnicity and nationalism. The increasing authority of local courtrooms and the enhanced powers of policing, I argue, amplified the role of the state in certain aspects of London life, but reduced it in others. New demands on local courtrooms and policing could only be accommodated by the redirection of their efforts from pre-w

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Yasinskiy, A. A. "Tachihara Michizō: Poetics of “Pure Lyricism” (Introduction and Translation of Poems)." Yearbook Japan 52, no. 1 (2023): 339–75. https://doi.org/10.55105/2687-1440-2023-52-339-375.

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Tachihara Michizō (1914–1939) succeeded in refashioning the poetic language of the 1930s, inventing the genre of the “pseudo-sonnet,” which would prove to be the most convincing attempt to adapt the European sonnet to Japanese poetry. Tachihara was fascinated by German romanticism, in particular Friedrich Hölderlin, but he cannot be called a westernizer. Tachihara did not work in traditional Japanese poetic genres, but studied the anthology Shinkokinshū, which had a major influence on his stylistics.Tachihara’s poems seem to be detached from everyday life: with the outbreak of the Second Sino-

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CONWAY, MARTIN, and PETER ROMIJN. "Introduction." Contemporary European History 13, no. 4 (2004): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777304001857.

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The concept of political legitimacy has hitherto tended to occupy a rather modest place in the historiography of twentieth-century Europe. In contrast to the attention paid by historians of pre-modern and non-European societies to issues of political culture and, more especially, to the ways in which the exercise of power by all rulers, be they sacred or secular, putative or actual, has to be located in a complex matrix of conventional beliefs, rituals and practices, historians of contemporary Europe have tended to regard issues of political legitimacy as of secondary importance compared with

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Ferenczi, Gábor. "Some conclusions on the geography of historical surnames in Vas County." Ephemeris Hungarologica 1, no. 2 (2021): 253–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.53644/eh.2021.2.253.

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In my study, I examined the material of the National Tax Census of 1720 (Conscriptio Regnicolaris) of Vas County included in the database of the Atlas of Historical Surnames in Hungary (AHSH) from two approaches. On the one hand, by using the method of name analysis, I sought to reveal the distribution by origin on the basis of the contemporary surname etymons according to which the surnames in Vas County are divided into three categories: German, Hungarian and Slavic. The high representation of the two latter name etymon groups is clearly due to the double border region and the resulting incr

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Babich, Oleksandr. "Quantitative changes in population of Odessa during the occupation in 1941–1944." History Journal of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, no. 53 (June 21, 2022): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2021.53.99-109.

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In modern historiography there is no study that would give an adequate and precise picture of demographic changes in Odessa`s population during the Second World war. This study analyses existing monographies, data stored in archives of both soviet and Romanian sides and analyzes them in order to create complete overlook of what quantitative and qualitative changes did the population of Odessa went through during the period from 1939 to 1945.We have found out that during the Second World War the original Odessa population decreased more than by half. During the Odessa defense operation the main

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Skydanova, Antonina. "UKRAINIANS IN THE SYSTEM OF MANNING THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE BEFORE THE FIRST WORLD WAR: MILITARY AND POLITICAL ASPECT." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1, no. 34 (2023): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2023-34-115-122.

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The author is focused on how changes in the military and political sphere of the late Russian empire have affected the number, character and significance of the military service of Ukrainians in the Imperial Army. The manning of the Armed Forces of the Russian Empire from the reform of 1874 to the First World War was balancing between the two poles: the creation of conditions for rapid deployment of the army and the consideration of the Empires state-building priorities. Eventually, the second pole turned out to be dominant and became the main for the manning of troops. The Empire Army turned

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Vandeweyer, Luc. ""Een ruim veld voor de Studentenbeweging ligt open." Inzake oorsprong en aard van de Vlaamse 'Frontbeweging'." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 77, no. 3 (2019): 212–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v77i3.15686.

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De geschiedschrijving die de ‘Vlaamse Frontbeweging’ tot onderwerp nam, heeft tot dusver te weinig het oog gericht naar de voorgeschiedenis die in nauw verband staat met de afschaffing van de loting en de veralgemening en uitbreiding van de dienstplicht vanaf 1909. Daarbij kwam ook nog eens de eerste taalwet van 1913 die door de strijdkrachten zou moeten toegepast worden. Dit leidde tot een veel sterkere betrokkenheid binnen de Vlaamse beweging. Daarbij werd uit de aard der zaak vooral gerekend op de jonge mannen die nog naar het leger zouden moeten. Zij zouden in staat moeten zijn om de volks

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Tininis, Vytautas. "Forced Mobilization into the Red Army (1944–1945)." Genocidas ir rezistencija 1, no. 33 (2024): 7–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2013.101.

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Forced mobilisation into the occupying Soviet army in August 1944–May 1945 became an integral part of the terror against the population of Lithuania. The Soviet Union, which in the second half of 1944 launched a call-up of Lithuanian men to the Red Army, violated the provisions of international law specified in the 1907 Hague IV Convention on Laws and Customs of War on Land, which forbade the mobilisation of the inhabitants of an occupied territory for the occupying army or other use of the occupied population for military purposes. Article 4 of Appendix III of the convention sets forth that i

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Šarić, Marko. "Etnokulturna struktura i povijesna antroponimija Kosinjske doline na prijelazu iz XVII. u XVIII. stoljeće: prilog istraživanju povijesti migracija u Lici tijekom ranoga novog vijeka." Migracijske i etničke teme / Migration and Ethnic Themes 40, no. 1 (2024): 91–135. http://dx.doi.org/10.11567/met.40.1.4.

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The paper analyses the migration and ethnocultural processes in the Kosinj Valley in western Lika, which peaked during and immediately after the end of the Great Turkish War at the end of the 17th century and the start of the 18th century. During that time, the area became the intersection of the primary early modern migration flows in this part of the imperial multiple borderlands – southeast and northwest – with their diverse religious (Roman Catholics, Orthodox Christians), linguistic (neo-Shtokavian Ijekavian and Ikavian, Chakavian, and transitional Chakavian- Kajkavian), traditional (Dina

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"A nation in barracks: modern Germany, military conscription and civil society." Choice Reviews Online 42, no. 11 (2005): 42–6733. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.42-6733.

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Jäckle, Sebastian. "Conscription Reloaded? The Debate About Compulsory Service in Germany in 2022 and the Peoples’ Attitudes Towards It." Statistics, Politics and Policy, February 27, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/spp-2022-0020.

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Abstract In mid-2022, Federal President Frank-Walter Steinmeier spoke out in favour of introducing compulsory service in Germany. Against the backdrop of the Bundeswehr restructuring, necessitated by the war in Ukraine, and the worsening personnel shortage in the social sector and in nursing care, he revived a debate that had been recurring in Germany for decades. Based on an online survey of more than 7,300 people, this article examines how Germans feel about compulsory service and what factors are associated with this attitude. More than 63% of respondents are in favour of compulsory service

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Bacolod, Marigee, and Stefan Koenigsmark. "When Germany Ended Conscription, and an Era: Effects on Composition and Quality of its Military." Journal of Defense Management 07, no. 02 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2167-0374.1000165.

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Mardar, M., M. Hkrupalo, and M. Stateva. "Comparative analysis of field ration for military personnel of the ukrainian army and armies of other countries worldwide." Food Science and Technology 11, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/fst.v11i1.293.

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For the purpose of improvement of the Ukrainian nutritional standards this Article provides comparative analysis of field rations of different countries worldwide to make a proposal on improvement of food-stuff assortment in food ration for military personnel in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Army of USA, the British Army, Army of Germany, Army of Italy, Army of Canada, Army of France, Army of Belarus, Army of Armenia. In accordance with the comparative analysis it was established that ration composition used for the Armed Forces of Ukraine military personnel lags behind developed countries of t

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Kam Kah, Henry, and Emmanuel E. Kengo. "COERCION AND VIOLENCE IN GERMAN LABOR CONSCRIPTION IN CAMEROON, 1880s-1914." Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos 7, no. 14 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.128374.

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We have investigated German preference of coercion and violence in recruitment of labour in Cameroon. Cameroon’s colonisation was facilitated by two German trading firms and economic motivations were central to this scheme. The establishment of several plantations triggered a gripping need for extra labour from the hinterlands for economic and administrative purposes. Its scarcity in the immediate vicinity occasioned supply from other areas and was facilitated by chiefs and labour recruiters. Chiefs signed labour contracts without consent from recruits. Some constructed or maintained roads and

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Garon, Sheldon. "Defending Civilians against Aerial Bombardment: A Comparative/Transnational History of Japanese, German, and British Home Fronts, 1918-1945." Asia-Pacific Journal 14, no. 6 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1017/s1557466016013127.

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AbstractThis essay reveals the vital role of transnational learning in structuring air defense in Japan, Germany, and Britain in World War II, while comparing how each regime shaped the contours of home-front mobilization. In the decades between the two world wars, states increasingly recognized the new threat of aerial bombardment of cities, and they actively investigated other nations' efforts at “civilian defense” and “total war.” Learning continued during World War II. In countries experiencing bombing, civil defense programs did more to mobilize daily life than any other wartime imperativ

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Tannberg, Tõnu. "„Noorsõdureid, kes ei oska vene keelt, ei tohi laevastikku määrata.“ Keele- ja rahvusküsimus Vene sõjalaevastiku komplekteerimisel impeeriumi lõpuperioodil." Ajalooline Ajakiri. The Estonian Historical Journal 185, no. 3/4 (2024). https://doi.org/10.12697/aa.2023.3-4.02.

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“Raw recruits who don’t know Russian must not be assigned to the navy.” The issue of language and nationality in supplying the Russian Navy with men in the period of the end of the Russian Empire The Russian navy and regular army were supplied with men based on the obligation to supply recruits in the period from the start of the 18th century until the implementation of universal conscription in 1874. After the obligation to supply recruits had been extended to the Baltic governorates (in 1796), the navy (more precisely the Baltic Fleet) also started being supplied with recruits taken from Est

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"Birgit Løgstrup. Jorddrot og offentlig administrator: Godsejerstyret inden for skatte- og udskrivningsvœsenet i det 18. århundrede [Landowner and Public Administrator: Taxation and Conscription on Eighteenth-Century Manors]. Summary in German. (Administrationshistoriske Studier, number 7.) Copenhagen: Rigsarkivet. 1983. Pp. 479." American Historical Review, February 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/90.1.153-a.

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King, Emerald L., and Denise N. Rall. "Re-imagining the Empire of Japan through Japanese Schoolboy Uniforms." M/C Journal 18, no. 6 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1041.

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Introduction“From every kind of man obedience I expect; I’m the Emperor of Japan.” (“Miyasama,” from Gilbert and Sullivan’s musical The Mikado, 1885)This commentary is facilitated by—surprisingly resilient—oriental stereotypes of an imagined Japan (think of Oscar Wilde’s assertion, in 1889, that Japan was a European invention). During the Victorian era, in Britain, there was a craze for all things oriental, particularly ceramics and “there was a craze for all things Japanese and no middle class drawing room was without its Japanese fan or teapot.“ (V&A Victorian). These pastoral depictions

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