Relevant bibliographies by topics / Germinal vesicle

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Germinal vesicle'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Germinal vesicle"

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Sorensen, R. A., M. S. Cyert, and R. A. Pedersen. "Active maturation-promoting factor is present in mature mouse oocytes." Journal of Cell Biology 100, no. 5 (May 1, 1985): 1637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.100.5.1637.

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Cytoplasmic extracts of meiotically mature mouse oocytes were injected into immature Xenopus laevis oocytes, which underwent germinal vesicle breakdown within 2 h. Germinal vesicle breakdown was not inhibited by incubation of the Xenopus oocytes in cycloheximide (20 micrograms/ml). Identically prepared extracts of meiotically immature mouse oocytes, arrested at the germinal vesicle stage by dibutyryl cyclic AMP (100 micrograms/ml), did not induce germinal vesicle breakdown in Xenopus oocytes. The results show that maturation-promoting factor activity appears during the course of oocyte maturation in the mouse.
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Wessel, Gary M. "“Origin” of the germinal vesicle." Molecular Reproduction and Development 77, no. 4 (April 2010): NA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.21168.

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Wu, Zheng'an, and Joseph G. Gall. "“Micronucleoli” in theXenopus germinal vesicle." Chromosoma 105, no. 7-8 (June 1997): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02510480.

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CHIBA, KAZUYOSHI, and MOTONORI HOSHI. "Mass Isolation of Germinal Vesicles from Starfish Oocytes*. (germinal vesicle/nucleus/oocyte/starfish/mass isolation)." Development, Growth and Differentiation 27, no. 3 (June 1985): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-169x.1985.00277.x.

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Gall, J. "Structure in the amphibian germinal vesicle." Experimental Cell Research 296, no. 1 (May 15, 2004): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.03.017.

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Wu, Zheng'an, and Joseph G. Gall. "”Micronucleoli" in the Xenopus germinal vesicle." Chromosoma 105, no. 7-8 (June 10, 1997): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050205.

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Huo, Li-Jun, Cheng-Guang Liang, Ling-Zhu Yu, Zhi-Sheng Zhong, Zeng-Ming Yang, Heng-Yu Fan, Da-Yuan Chen, and Qing-Yuan Sun. "Inducible nitric oxide synthase-derived nitric oxide regulates germinal vesicle breakdown and first polar body emission in the mouse oocyte." Reproduction 129, no. 4 (April 2005): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.0542.

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The present study investigated the subcellular localization of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation and fertilization using confocal microscopy, and further studied the roles of iNOS-derived NO in oocyte maturation by using an iNOS-specific inhibitor aminoguanidine (AG) and iNOS antibody microinjection. In germinal vesicle-stage oocytes, iNOS immunoreactivity was mainly localized in the germinal vesicle. Shortly after germinal vesicle breakdown, the iNOS immunoreactivity accumulated around the condensed chromosomes. At metaphase I and metaphase II, with the organization of chromosomes to the equatorial plate, iNOS immunoreactivity was concentrated around the aligned chromosomes, putatively the position of the metaphase spindle. The accumulation of iNOS immunoreactivity could not be detected at anaphase I and anaphase II. However, at telophase I and telophase II, the staining of iNOS was concentrated in the region between the separating chromosomes/chromatids. Furthermore, the staining of iNOS also accumulated in the male and female pronuclei in fertilized eggs. Germinal vesicle breakdown and the first polar body emission of the oocytes were significantly blocked by the iNOS-specific inhibitor AG in a dose-dependent manner. The germinal vesicle breakdown in oocytes injected with iNOS antibody was also inhibited. We found that the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in oocytes after germinal vesicle breakdown was inhibited by AG treatment. The control oocytes extruded a normal first polar body, while the AG-treated oocytes exhibited an elongated protrusion or no elongated protrusion. The results of confocal microscopy showed that the AG-treated oocytes were arrested at anaphase I–telophase I. Our results suggest that the iNOS-derived NO pathway plays important roles in mouse oocyte meiotic maturation, especially in germinal vesicle breakdown and the anaphase–telophase transition.
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Gavin, A. C., J. C. Cavadore, and S. Schorderet-Slatkine. "Histone H1 kinase activity, germinal vesicle breakdown and M phase entry in mouse oocytes." Journal of Cell Science 107, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107.1.275.

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Meiotic reinitiation of the mouse oocyte is characterized by a slow entry into metaphase I, beginning with germinal vesicle breakdown and ending with spindle formation. It is accompanied by a cascade of protein kinases and phosphatases increasing protein phosphorylation. The activation of histone H1 kinase and that of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p42 have been compared during spontaneous or okadaic acid-induced meiotic reinitiation. In spontaneously maturing oocytes, histone H1 kinase activity increases before germinal vesicle breakdown (2-fold), in a protein synthesis-independent manner. It is associated with the disappearance of the upper migrating form of p34cdc2, which, in our system, seems to represent the tyrosine phosphorylated form. Following germinal vesicle breakdown, histone H1 kinase activity culminates (8-fold) in metaphase I and requires protein synthesis. Activation by phosphorylation of p42MAPK is observed as a permanent shift upward-migrating form and by its myelin basic protein kinase activity. It occurs after germinal vesicle breakdown and depends on protein synthesis. In contrast, no increase of histone H1 kinase is detectable in oocytes induced to reinitiate meiosis by a transient inhibition of okadaic acid-sensitive phosphatase(s), either before germinal vesicle breakdown or during the following 7 hours of culture. A slight increase is nevertheless evident after 17 hours, when oocytes are arrested with an abnormal metaphase I spindle. The upper migrating form of p34cdc2 is present for 8 hours. The activation of p42MAPK begins before germinal vesicle breakdown.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Takahashi, Y., C. Goto, and K. K. Kita. "Ultrastructural study of Trichinella spiralis with emphasis on adult male reproductive organs." Journal of Helminthology 68, no. 4 (December 1994): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00001632.

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AbstractThe ultrastructure of the reproductive system of adult male Trichinella spiralis has been examined, particularly to assist in recent advances such as the localization of target antigens of protective immunity and the mode of immune attack. The male reproductive system consists of a single tube with a hairpin-like bend, composed of a basal lamina, epithelial cells, rachis, circumferential and constrictor muscles, and germinal cells. The organs were surrounded by basal lamina and haemolymph. Germinal cells in different stages of maturation were found on the wall of the testis along its entire length. As the maturation of germinal cells proceeded, the cells moved towards the lumen of the testis. The germinal cells had a row of vesicles (cup-shaped structures) at the cell periphery. The mature sperm, lacking flagella and an acrosome, were stored in the seminal vesicle. The cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of the seminal vesicle and ejaculatory duct was filled with distended rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) and exocrine granules which appeared homogenous and of medium electron density. The granules appeared to discharge to the lumen.
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Inoue, Maki, Kunihiko Naito, Taisuke Nakayama, and Eimei Sato. "Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Translocates into the Germinal Vesicle and Induces Germinal Vesicle Breakdown in Porcine Oocytes1." Biology of Reproduction 58, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod58.1.130.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Germinal vesicle"

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Ruppert-Lingham, C. J. "Cryopreservation and in vitro maturation of murine germinal vesicle stage oocytes." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2005. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55591/.

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Cryopreservation of unfertilised oocytes for banking or oocyte donation would be a valuable adjunct to reproductive technology. As the mature oocyte contains a temperature-sensitive meiotic spindle, cryopreservation of immature germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes, which do not contain the spindle, may be a practical alternative. However, one of the major obstacles to the application of immature oocyte cryopreservation is the difficulty associated with in vitro maturation (IVM) of the thawed oocytes prior to in vitro fertilisation. The cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte are essential to oocyte maturation. Thus the aim was to assess survival and function of both oocyte and cumulus cells post-cryopreservation. Initially, culture conditions during IVM of murine GV stage cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were modified. In the second part of the study, survival (morphological appearance and membrane integrity) and function (ability, in vitro, to mature, be fertilised and develop into blastocysts) of the oocytes and their associated cumulus cells was assessed following cryopreservation. An attempt was made to determine the stage of the protocol at which damage was incurred. Alterations to culture conditions had little impact on the ability of fresh GV stage oocytes to develop to blastocysts, although IVM in the presence of mixed ovarian cells was found to be detrimental. Treatment with 1.5M dimethyl sulphoxide (Me2SO) without freezing had little effect on the parameters investigated, unlike exposure to a 6M Me2SO solution. Slow-cooled/thawed or cumulus-denuded oocytes had decreased developmental potential when compared with control oocytes. Development was not improved by co-culture with fresh cumulus cells. Much of the damage caused to the cumulus cells occurred during plunging from -60 °C to -196 °C. Damage was reduced by cooling at 10 °C/min from -60 °C to -150 °C prior to plunging to -196 °C. However, embryo development was not improved. Vitrification of COCs led to substantial cumulus cell damage and very poor embryo development.
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Sakoda, Jhessica Naomi. "Caracterização e controle da população de oócitos em bovinos Nelore baseados na configuração da cromatina." Botucatu, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/165182.

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Orientador: José Buratini Júnior
Resumo: Na produção in vitro (IVP), trabalha-se com uma população de oócitos heterogênea em relação ao estágio da maturação nuclear que estes oócitos se encontram, mais especificamente o estágio de vesícula germinativa (GV), uma vez que estes são obtidos de folículos em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento. Visto que essa heterogeneidade impacta nos resultados da IVP, torna-se necessário que os processos de seleção de oócitos e de maturação in vitro sejam adequados e articulados, para que ocorra o desenvolvimento da competência oocitária para subsequente desenvolvimento. Neste estudo, objetivou-se avaliar a população de ovócitos obtida de folículos antrais grandes, testando a hipótese de que folículos dominantes saudáveis conteriam oócitos com grau intermediário de compactação da cromatina (oócitos em GV2). Em seguida, avaliou-se a população de oócitos obtida em dia aleatório do ciclo estral após OPU e testou-se o efeito de protocolo de sincronização combinando aspiração de folículos e tratamento com FSH para homogeneizar a população e controlar a qualidade dos oócitos. Os resultados sugerem que folículos dominantes saudáveis são predominantemente compostos por oócitos com níveis intermediários de compactação da cromatina e que protocolos de sincronização de aspiração do folículo combinadas ao tratamento com FSH podem ser úteis para controlar a qualidade do oócito para OPU / IVP.
Abstract: In vitro production (IVP), a heterogeneous oocyte population is employed in relation to the stage of nuclear maturation that these oocytes are found, more specifically the germinal vesicle (GV) stage, once they are obtained from follicles in different stages of development. Since this heterogeneity impacts the results of IVP, it is necessary that the processes of oocyte selection and in vitro maturation are adequate and articulated, so that occurs development of oocyte competence for subsequent development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the oocyte population obtained from large antral follicles, testing the hypothesis that healthy dominant follicles would contain oocytes with an intermediate degree of chromatin compaction (GV2 oocytes). Then we evaluated the population of oocytes obtained at random day of the estrous cycle after OPU and tested the synchronization protocol combining follicle aspiration and FSH treatment to homogenize the population and control the quality of oocytes. The results suggest that healthy dominant follicles are predominantly composed of oocytes with intermediate levels of chromatin compaction and that follicle aspiration synchronization protocols combined with FSH treatment may be useful to control oocyte quality for OPU / IVP.
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Cesaro, Matheus Pedrotti de. "O sistema peptídeos natriuréticos está presente no complexo cumulus-oócito e regula o reinício da meiose em bovinos." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10157.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The process of meiotic resumption in oocytes, arrested since fetal life, and the expansion of compact layers of cumulus cells is triggered by intrafollicular mediators stimulated by LH. These events are extremely complex. In mice, among system components of natriuretic peptides (NP), only the C-type NP (CNP) has a role to inhibit the resumption of meiosis. However, little is know about the function of NPs on resumption of meiosis, nuclear maturation and cumulus expansion in monovular species. The aim of this study was to characterize the natriuretic peptide system, studing its role in the resumption of meiosis and cumulus expansion. We also proposed a new model to study cumulus expansion. Initially, we detected the presence of mRNA for the ANP, CNP, natriuretic peptide receptor 1 (NPR-1), NPR-2 and NPR-3 in the cumulus cells and NPR-2 mRNA in the oocyte. Using an in vitro model, in which the oocytes are arrested in germinal vesicle (VG) by the action of forskolin (100 μM), we demonstrated that ANP, BNP and CNP, alone or in combination, induce resumption of meiosis after 12 h of maturation. In another experiments, we observed that the concentration of 100 μM forskolin inhibited cumulus expansion stimulated by FSH for12 h, which was reversed by adding ANP, BNP and CNP in the COC culture system. Thus, we demonstrated for the first time the localization of mRNA for the NP system in COCs. Furthermore, we found that the ANP, BNP and CNP are likely mediators of LH to induce meiotic resumption and cumulus expansion in monovuluar species, using the bovine as the animal model.
O processo de retomada da meiose no oócito, bloqueada desde a vida fetal, e a expansão de compactas camadas de células do cumulus que o envolvem é desencadeado por mediadores intrafoliculares estimulados pelo LH, sendo eventos extremamente complexos. Em camundongos, dentre os componentes do sistema peptídeos natriuréticos (NP) somente o NP tipo C (CNP) apresenta função, bloqueando a retomada da meiose. Entretanto, em espécie monovular, o conhecimento sobre a ação dos NP, na maturação nuclear de oócitos e expansão do cumulus, é extremamente escasso. O objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar o sistema peptídeo natriurético, demonstrar sua função na retomada da meiose e expansão do cumulus, além de propor um novo modelo para estudo da expansão do cumulus. Inicialmente, demonstramos a presença de RNAm para ANP, CNP, receptor peptídeo natriurético 1 (NPR-1), NPR-2 e NPR-3 nas células do cumulus, sendo que no oócito somente foi detectado RNAm do NPR-2. Utilizando um modelo in vitro, no qual os oócitos permanecem bloqueados em vesícula germitava (VG) por ação do forskolin (100 μM), demonstramos que os ANP, BNP e CNP, isoladamente ou em associação, induzem o reinício da meiose após 12 h de maturação. Em outros experimentos, observamos que a concentração de 100 μM de forskolin inibiu, por 12 h, a expansão das células do cumulus estimulada por FSH e que o ANP, BNP e CNP revertem o efeito inibitório do forskolin sobre a expansão do cumulus. Dessa forma, demonstramos pela primeira vez a localização de RNAm para o sistema NP em CCOs. Além disso, foi demonstrado que em espécie monovuluar, utilizando o bovino como modelo animal, os peptídeos natriuréticos (ANP, BNP e CNP) apresentam função de mediadores intrafoliculares do LH, na qual estimulam a retomada da meiose e expansão do cumulus.
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Eliscovich, Carolina. "Spindle-Localized CPE-Mediated Translation Controls Mediotic Chromosome Segregation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7123.

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La progresión meiótica y el desarrollo embrionario temprano están programados, en parte, por la activación tradcuccional de mRNAs maternos como lo son los que codifican para las proteinas de ciclina B1 o mos. Estos mRNAs no son traducidos al mismo tiempo ni en el mismo lugar. Por lo contrario, su traducción está especificamente regulada por elementos de poliadenilación citoplasmática (CPEs) presentes en sus 3'UTRs. Los elementos CPEs reclutan a la proteina de unión a CPE (CPE-binding protein CPEB (Colegrove-Otero et al., 2005; de Moor et al., 2005; Mendez and Richter, 2001; Richter, 2007)). Esta proteina de unión al RNA no sólo determina cuándo y en qué medida un mRNA será activado traduccionalmente por poliadenilación citoplasmática (Mendez et al., 2000a; Mendez et al., 2000b; Mendez et al., 2002) sino que también participa, junto con el represor de la traducción Maskin, en el transporte y la localización de sus mRNAs diana hacia los sitios de localización subcelular donde su traducción ocurrirá (Huang et al., 2003; Huang and Richter, 2004). Durante el desarrollo embrionario de Xenopus, CPEB se encuentra localizada en el polo animal de los oocitos y más tarde, sobre el huso mitótico y centrosomas en el embrión (Groisman et al., 2000). Se ha demostrado que embriones de Xenopus inyectados con agentes que interrumpen la traducción dependiente de poliadenilación citoplasmática, detienen la división celular y presentan estructuras mitóticas anormales (Groisman et al., 2000).
En este trabajo que derivó en mi tesis doctoral, hemos demostrado que la activación traduccional localizada en el huso mitótico de mRNAs regulados por CPEB que codifican para proteinas con una conocida función en aspectos estructurales del ciclo celular como la formación del huso mitótico y la segregación cromosómica, es esencial para completar la primera división meiótica y para la correcta segregación cromosómica en oocitos de Xenopus.
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Wang, Kun-Wang, and 王坤旺. "Cryopreservation of Germinal Vesicle Stage Mouse and Pig Oocytes." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52445482068034853670.

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碩士
國立中興大學
畜產學系
91
Cryopreservation of Germinal Vesicle Stage Mouse and Pig Oocytes ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of cryopreservation the presence of cumulus cells and the freezing solution’s on the survival rates, maturation rates and the alterations in the cytoskeleton of GV stage mouse and pig oocytes after thawing. In Experment 1, the effects of cryopreservation and different culture durations on the survival and maturation rates of GV stage mouse oocytes were focused. After 1 h of culture, the survival rate and maturation rates of the control group（100 ﹪and 0 ﹪）was significantly greater than those of unfrozen（70 ﹪and 0 ﹪）and frozen（55 ﹪and 0 ﹪）group（P＜0.05）. The survival and maturation rates of oocytes after 20-h of culture were 96 ﹪ and 88 ﹪, resepectively, in the control group, which were higher than those of unfrozen （90 ﹪and 66 ﹪）and frozen（93 ﹪and 48 ﹪）group. Experiment 2 was to determine the effects of cumulus cells on the survival rate of pig oocytes after cryopreservation. FDA staining revealed that the oocytes enclosed with cumulus cells in the control, unfrozen, and frozen group（84, 68, and 60 ﹪）had greater survival rates than those without cumulus cells（70, 36 and 14 ﹪；P＜0.05）. In Experiment 3, pig oocytes were used to test the effects of different cryopreservation solutions on the survival and maturation rates. Cumulus-Oocytes Complexes（COCs）were selected and randomly allocated to 3 cryopreservation solution, i.e. S1（8 M EG）, S2（2.5 M DMSO＋3.2 M EG＋0.6 M sucrose）, and S3（18 ﹪DMSO＋18 ﹪M EG＋0.6 M sucrose）. After frozen-thawed, the survival rates of the oocytes at 1, 22, and 44 h were 26, 9, and 0 ﹪for S1, 9, 0, and 0 ﹪for S2, and 44, 17, and 0 ﹪for S3, respectively. Oocytes frozen in the S3 solution for 1 h had significantly greater survival rate than those in S2 solution. Howerer, no matured oocytes were found in all treatment groups after IVM. In Experiment 4, effects of cryopreservation on the nuclear and cytoskeletal alterations of mouse and pig oocytes were investigated at different time points after IVM. In the mouse oocytes, abnormal chromosome and spindle rates tended to be greater in the frozen groups（62-78 ﹪and 64-74 ﹪）than those in the control oocytes（6-14 ﹪and 6-14 ﹪）regardless of the time points after IVM culture. Percentages of oocytes with cytoplasmic microtubules（MTs）were higher in the control oocytes at 1 （87 ﹪）and 20 h（22 ﹪）after IVM than those in the frozen oocytes at the same time points（19 and 22 ﹪, respectively）. The intensity of microfilaments（MFs）showed a reduced trend after frozen-thawed procedures. The abnormality of chromosomes and spindle morphology in the frozen pig oocytes showed a similar trend as in the mouse oocytes. The amount or intensity of cytoplasmic MTs and MFs also reduced in pig oocytes after frozen-thawed treatment. In conclusion, GV stage pig oocytes were more sensitive to frozen-thawed procedure than mouse oocytes. Cumulus cell enclosure is beneficial for oocyte survival during cryopreservation. Low survival or maturation rates after cryopreservation might be, at least in part, due to the sensitivity or damages in the chromatin and/or cytoskeleton during frozen-thawed procedures.
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Yang, Yi, and 楊翊. "Cryopreservation of Porcine Oocytes at Germinal Vesicle Stage by Vitrification." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86812335132399708472.

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碩士
國立宜蘭大學
生物技術與動物科學系動物科學碩士班
103
The cryopreservation of porcine oocytes accompanied by in vitro embryo production and embryo transfer can be used for preserving genetic resources and genetic information from various species and accelerating the breeding rate. The objective of this study was to study the effects of cryoprotectan components containing ethylene glycol (EG) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the cryopreservation of porcine oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage through solid surface vitrification (SSV). The first experiment was to evaluate the effect of cryoprotectant components on the osmotic stress and toxic injury of porcine oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage. Subsequently, the porcine oocytes were cryopreserved by SSV to evaluate the effect of the cryoprotectant components on the survival rate and maturation rate of cryopreserved oocytes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the oocytes. Finally, we analysed the effects of oocytes cryopreservation on the development of porcine oocytes after parthenogenetic activation. In Experiment 1, the porcine oocytes were gradually treated with 4 cryoprotectant components that contained 30% EG, 30% DMSO, 15% Mix (15% EG + 15% DMSO), or 20% Mix (20% EG + 20% DMSO). The results indicated that the survival rate of oocytes and cumulus cells treated with cryoprotectant components was lower than control, but it was not significantly different. In Experiment 2, the porcine oocytes were treated with 4 cryoprotectant components for 30 s, 2 min, and 5 min. The survival and maturation rates of oocytes were evaluated after they were cultured in vitro for 48 h. The results indicated that both the survival and maturation rates were significantly reduced when the oocytes were treated with cryoprotectants for longer than 30 s. However the survival and maturation rates of oocytes treated with 30% EG, 15% Mix and 20% Mix for 30 s did not significantly differ from those of the control. In Experiment 3, the porcine oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage were cryopreserved by using straw and SSV after cryoprotectant treatment (30% EG, 15% Mix, and 20% Mix) and were cultured in vitro for 48 h. The survival and maturation rates of oocytes cryopreserved by SSV were significantly higher than those cryopreserved in straw. However, the survival and maturation rates of oocytes vitrified by SSV with 30% EG cryoprotectant were 73.7% and 42.5% respectively, which were significantly lower than that of the control (100% and 86.5%) and significantly higher than that produced using other treatments (P < 0.05). In Experiment 4, the porcine oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage were cryopreserved by SSV after treatment with 30% EG, 15% Mix, or 20% Mix cryoprotectants. The level of ROS in the oocytes cultured in vitro for 48 h was evaluated. The results indicated that the ROS level in the oocytes cryopreserved with 30% EG cryoprotectant was significantly lower than that caused by using 15% Mix and 20% Mix treatment (P < 0.05), but was no difference from those of the control. The rates of cleavage embryo development over 8 cells stage after the maturation and activation of cryopreserved porcine oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage were significantly lower than those of the control (P < 0.05). In conclusion, porcine oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage vitrified with cryoprotectants containing 30% EG cryoprotectant by SSV had comparatively higher survival rates, maturation rates, and a lower ROS level; however, embryo development was still lower than that of fresh oocytes.
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Turrin, Evelyne. "The role of the kinetochore in chromosome segregation during Meiosis I." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24464.

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La ségrégation des chromosomes est un processus complexe permettant la division égale du matériel génétique entre les cellules filles. Contrairement aux cellules somatiques, ce processus est sujet à des erreurs dans les cellules germinales telles que les ovocytes. Lorsque des erreurs surviennent lors de la ségrégation des chromosomes durant la méiose cela peut conduire à une aneuploïdie. L’aneuploïdie est la présence d’un nombre incorrect de chromosomes dans une cellule et est connue pour causer l’infertilité et des arrêts de grossesses chez l’humain. L’incidence de l’aneuploïdie augmente avec l’âge maternel (1). Le kinétochore est une structure cellulaire impliqué dans la ségrégation des chromosomes. Il est composé de plus de 100 protéines et se situe entre les microtubules et les centromères. Les microtubules se lient aux kinétochores, et ces derniers s’attachent sur les centromères afin de séparer les chromosomes homologues durant la méiose et les chromatides des sœurs pendant la mitose (1–3). Dans les cellules somatiques, cette structure est bien connue (2). Pourtant, moins d’informations sont connues à dans l’ovocyte de mammifère en développement au cours de la méiose I (3,4). Ce projet vise à étudier le rôle du kinétochore durant la ségrégation des chromosomes dans l’ovocyte de souris en développement. Plus spécifiquement, l’assemblage, le désassemblage, la dynamique et la tension des protéines du kinétochore seront évalués. Ce projet permettra de mieux comprendre le rôle du kinétochore durant la méiose I, ses implications durant la séparation des chromosomes, et éventuellement ses implications dans l’aneuploïdie.
Chromosome segregation is an intricate process in dividing genetic material equally between daughter cells. This process, unlike in somatic cells, is error prone in germ cells like the oocyte. When errors occur during meiosis in segregating chromosomes, aneuploidy results when the cell has an incorrect number of chromosomes. This can result in infertility and birth defects in human reproduction. The incidences of aneuploidy are also seen to increase with increasing maternal age (1). The kinetochore is a cellular structure at the heart of chromosome segregation. It is composed of more than 100 proteins and is located between the microtubules and the centromeres. The microtubules attach onto the kinetochores, which themselves attach onto the centromeres, in order to pull the homologous chromosomes apart during meiosis and the sister chromatids during mitosis (1–3). Much is known about this multi-protein structure in somatic cells (2). Yet, very little is known about this in the developing mammalian oocyte during Meiosis I (1,3,4). This project aims to investigate the role of the kinetochore in chromosome segregation in a developing mouse oocyte. More specifically, kinetochore protein assembly, disassembly, dynamics and tension will be assessed. This project will achieve a better understanding of the kinetochore’s role in Meiosis I, its implications in chromosome segregation in a developing mouse oocyte, and how it may be involved in aneuploidy.
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Books on the topic "Germinal vesicle"

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Bennetis, Alma Karina Rivera. Ectopic germinal vesicle break down and dorsal development in Xenopus embryos. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Germinal vesicle"

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Guraya, Sardul S. "Nucleus or Germinal Vesicle." In Zoophysiology, 22–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83628-2_3.

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Dreyer, Christine. "Fate and Nuclear Localization of Germinal Vesicle Proteins during Embryogenesis." In Genomic Adaptability in Somatic Cell Specialization, 31–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6820-9_3.

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Tian, Ning, Lu Zhang, Jing-gao Zheng, Die-yan Chen, Ying Li, and Wan-yun Ma. "3D Observation and Preliminary Quantitative Analysis of Germinal Vesicle Oocytes in Aging and Pubertal Mice." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 863–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27537-1_102.

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Morgan, Garry T. "Working with Oocyte Nuclei: Cytological Preparations of Active Chromatin and Nuclear Bodies from Amphibian Germinal Vesicles." In The Nucleus, 55–66. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-406-3_4.

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"Germinal Vesicle." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics, 795. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_6847.

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Vos, Michel De. "In Vitro Maturation of Germinal Vesicle Oocytes." In Fertility Preservation, 355–63. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108784368.032.

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Heindryckx, Björn, Petra De Sutter, and Jan Gerris. "Somatic Nuclear Transfer to In Vitro–Matured Human Germinal Vesicle Oocytes." In Stem Cells in Human Reproduction, 226–42. Informa Healthcare, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9781841847290.020.

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Heindryckx, Björn, Petra De Sutter, and Jan Gerris. "Somatic Nuclear Transfer to In Vitro–Matured Human Germinal Vesicle Oocytes." In Stem Cells in Human Reproduction, 226–42. Informa Healthcare, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203092910.020.

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"FIG. 13.—A. Egg of the Dog, with the vitelline membrane burst, so as to give exit to the yelk, the germinal vesicle (a), and its included spot (b). B. C.D.E.F. Successive changes of the yelk indicated in the text. After Bischoff." In Man's Place in Nature, 1863, 52–60. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203503171-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Germinal vesicle"

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Baykal, Baris. "Pregnancy with an embryo derived from a germinal vesicle stage oocyte and birth of a healthy baby in a stimulated IVF cycle." In 15th International Congress of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. Istanbul: LookUs Scientific, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/2017ichc.op-16.

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Rattani, Ahmed, Randy Ballestros Mejia, Katherine Roberts, Maurici B. Roig, Jonathan Godwin, Manuel Eguren, Sugako Ogushi, et al. "Abstract PR11: APC/CCdh1 maintains primordial follicles, germinal vesicle arrest and ensures balanced segregation of chromosomes by enabling removal of Shugoshin-2 from chromosomes arms." In Abstracts: AACR Precision Medicine Series: Cancer Cell Cycle - Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Response; February 28 - March 2, 2016; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3125.cellcycle16-pr11.

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