Academic literature on the topic 'Germination'

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Journal articles on the topic "Germination"

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Pee, K. C., C. E. Johnson, E. W. Bush, and E. A. Drummond. "SUB-OPTIMUM TEMPERATURE GERMINATION OF 15 WATERMELON CULTIVARS." HortScience 25, no. 8 (1990): 862a—862. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.8.862a.

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Seed of 15 watermelon cultivars were evaluated for germinating ability at sub-optimum temperatures. Seeds of each cultivar were exposed to 12.8, 15.6, 18.3, 21.1, and 30.0°C for 8 days in a germinator in accordance to standard seed testing rules. Radical emergence was evaluated on day 5 and day 8. None of the cultivars germinated at 12.8C after 8 days exposure. At 15.6°C, 'Red-N-Sweet' and `Blackstone' had germinations of 54 and 40 percent respectively on day 5, and both increased to over 80 percent on day 8. At 18.3°C `Red-N-Sweet' and `Blackstone' exhibited at least 90 percent germination af
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Vrzalová, Jana, and Pavel Knot. "The effect of seed age and treatment by Proradix method on germinability and initial growth of selected meadow grass (Poa pratensis) varieties." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 5 (2011): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159050309.

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The goal of the study conducted in 2008 and 2010 at the Research Forage Production Station in Vatín was to investigate the influence of seed age and seed treatment by Proradix method on the germination dynamics, total germinating capacity and initial growth rate of selected meadow grass varieties. The testing was carried out in controlled conditions on the germinator. Our results indicate that the age of seed significantly affects both the germination dynamics and the total germinating capacity. On day 7 after the establishment of the trial, a significantly higher germinating capacity was obse
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Aime, M. C., and O. K. Miller Jr. "Delayed germination of basidiospores in temperate species of Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 3 (2002): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-009.

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Delayed basidiospore germination (endogenous dormancy) for a number of species of Crepidotus (Agaricales: Crepidotaceae) is reported for the first time. Ninety percent of recovered single spore isolates germinated between 18 and 36 weeks after collection; average germination was 25 weeks after collection. The period in which 90% of germinations occurred was between 17 February and 19 April, with 50% of recovered isolates germinating in March. Many abiotic factors were experimentally manipulated in an effort to reduce or alter the necessary incubation period without effect. The latent period wa
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Ribeiro-Oliveira, J. P., M. A. Ranal, and M. A. Boselli. "Water Dynamics on Germinating Diaspores: Physiological Perspectives from Biophysical Measurements." Plant Phenomics 2020 (December 6, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2020/5196176.

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We demonstrated that classical biophysical measurements of water dynamics on germinating diaspores (seeds and other dispersal units) can improve the understanding of the germination process in a simpler, safer, and newer way. This was done using diaspores of cultivated species as a biological model. To calculate the water dynamics measurements (weighted mass, initial diffusion coefficient, velocity, and acceleration), we used the mass of diaspores recorded over germination time. Weighted mass of germinating diaspores has a similar pattern, independent of the physiological quality, species, or
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Cruz, Oscar, Juan García-Duro, Mercedes Casal, and Otilia Reyes. "Can the mother plant age of Acacia melanoxylon (Leguminosae) modulate the germinative response to fire?" Australian Journal of Botany 65, no. 7 (2017): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt17083.

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Acacia melanoxylon R.Br. (Leguminosae) is one of the most widely distributed tree species in the world. It has significant commercial use but can be a danger to natural ecosystems as an invader species. For these reasons it is necessary to have a deep knowledge about its germinative response to fire and the role the mother plant age plays in that response. In this work we assessed the effects of the interaction of the mother plant age with the main fire agents (smoke, charcoal, ash and heat) on the germinative response of A. melanoxylon. To reach this aim, germination tests were conducted with
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Zhang, Heng, Zhao Tang Xu, and Kun He. "Effects of Disused Battery on Contents of Protein and Nucleic Acid during the Germination of Wheat Seeds." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.213.

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The aim was to study the effect of extract of disused battery on wheat germination. The germination characteristics such as germination rate, germinating, germination index, vigor index, and content changes of protein and nucleic acid in wheat grain were determined by germination bed method. The results showed that the extract concentration of disused battery affected wheat germination. With the increase of extract concentration of disused battery, the germination rate, germinating, germination index, vigor index and content of nucleic acid gradually dropped, only protein content added.
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Dantas, Bárbara França, Luciana de Sá Ribeiro, and Carlos Alberto Aragão. "Physiological response of cowpea seeds to salinity stress." Revista Brasileira de Sementes 27, no. 1 (2005): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-31222005000100018.

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This work aimed to evoluate physiological response of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) seeds submitted to salt stress. Seeds of cultivars 'Epace-10'; 'Canapu' and 'Pitiúba' of cowpea, were submitted to germination test in germinator at 25(0)C, in "germitest" papers imbibed in distilled water or in 0, 10, 50, 100 and 200mol m-3 NaCl solutions. At the first and second counting of the germination test, normal seedlings were accounted, weighted and dried, obtaining data for vigor, total germination, fresh matter weight and dry matter weight. The seedlings hypocotyls, root and total length were m
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Moreno-Pizani, María Alejandra, Asdrubal Jesus Farias-Ramirez, Hugo Thaner dos Santos, et al. "Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation Protocol of Baccharis Seed Germination." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 3 (2019): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n3p421.

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Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC (E1) and Baccharis crispa Spreng. (E2) possess potential antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Qualitative and quantitative information on seed germination on these species is scarce. The objective of this investigation was to establish a protocol for evaluating seed germination of E1 and E2 and to analice the scoring and curve fitting by the Germinator package, for different periods of germination were between 0.93 and 0.99. Both species showed differences in germinability and mean germination time, 27 days for E1 and 20 days for E2. The germination disp
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Liu, Mengzhou, Ning Qiao, Bing Zhang, et al. "Differential responses of the seed germination of three functional groups to low temperature and darkness in a typical steppe, Northern China." PeerJ 10 (December 1, 2022): e14485. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14485.

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Seed germination is a key stage in the life history of plants, which has a crucial effect on plant community structure. Climate change has substantially altered the surface soil temperature and light availability, which can affect seed germination. However, whether the seed germination of different functional groups is affected by the interactions of light and temperature remains unclear. Under laboratory conditions, we examined the effects of low temperature and darkness, as well as their interaction, on the seed germination of 16 species belonging to three plant functional groups (annual and
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Teodoro, M. S., M. C. S. Alves, M. N. Lacerda, and L. M. S. Araújo. "Influência do NaClO na germinação de sementes de alface em Parnaíba-PI." Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 10, no. 4 (2015): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v10i4.3405.

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<p>O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido em condições de casa de vegetação situada em Parnaíba-PI, município onde predominam altas temperaturas. Objetivou-se avaliar a germinação de diferentes lotes de sementes de alface antes e após a embebição em solução de hipoclorito de sódio (NaCIO). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualisados, com os tratamentos dispostos em arranjo fatorial 2 x 7 (duas variáveis como pré-germinativos: com imersão em NaClO e sem imersão em NaClO, e sete cultivares de alface), com quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: Primeira contagem do teste
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Germination"

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Tranbarger, Timothy John. "Isolation and regulation of genes expressed during Douglas-fir germination and post-germination." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ37366.pdf.

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Zaman, S., S. Padmesh, and H. Tawfiq. "Effect of Pre-germination Treatments on Seed Germination of Helianthemum lippii (L.) Dum.Cours." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556666.

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Helianthemum lippii (L.) Dum. Cours. is a perennial shrubby plant 10-45 cm tall that belongs to the family Cistaceae. The effects of pretreatments on germination of Helianthemum lippii provide information regarding germination requirements of this species, which could be used for conservation studies. Five different pretreatment were applied to enhance seed germination. Scarification followed by germination at 6 different constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C) with continuous light or dark, Scarification followed by GA3 soaking (100, 250,500,750 and 1000 ppm), Heat and moist strat
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Omami, Elizabeth Nabwile. "Amaranthus retroflexus seed dormancy and germination responses to environmental factors and chemical stimulants /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1993. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030603.091907/index.html.

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Elliott, Katherine Anne. "Barley germination and associated metabolism." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/713.

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Liu, Bing. "Germination studies in terrestrial orchids." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303461.

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Hampstead, Anthony. "Mathematical approaches to seed germination." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13979/.

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Plant seeds progress through specific stages during germination, from quiescence in the dry state through water uptake, testa rupture and finally endosperm rupture. The stages of seed germination are fairly well classified but the underlying biochemical and mechanical processes are unknown. The ability to control a seeds progression through the stages of germination has implications on farming efficiency and so the following thesis explores Arabidopsis thaliana and Lepidium sativum seeds during the germination process. A systematic approach to analysing the shape of cells within the radicle (e
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Hayer, Kimran. "Germination of Aspergillus niger conidia." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14292/.

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Aspergillus niger is a black-spored filamentous fungus that forms asexual spores called conidospores (‘conidia’). Germination of conidia, leading to the formation of hyphae, is initiated by conidial swelling and mobilisation of endogenous carbon and energy stores, followed by polarisation and emergence of a hyphal germ tube. These morphological and biochemical changes which define the model of germination have been studied with the aim of understanding how conidia sense and utilise different soluble carbon sources for germination. Microscopy and flow cytometry were used to track the morphologi
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Foster, S. J. "Biochemistry of Bacillus megaterium spore germination." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384466.

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Araujo, Diego Kitahara. "Extratos de Ascophyllum nodosum no tratamento de sementes de milho e soja: avaliações fisiológicas e moleculares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11144/tde-07062016-155617/.

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A obtenção de uma lavoura com população adequada de plantas depende da utilização de diferentes práticas agronômicas, estando o sucesso condicionado ao uso de sementes de boa qualidade. No entanto, a semeadura dificilmente é realizada em condições ideais o que resulta em problemas na emergência das plantas. Grande é a procura por alternativas que melhorem a germinação e o desenvolvimento inicial dos cultivos resultando em uniformidade de emergência, garantindo o estande e culminando em produção. O tratamento de sementes com agroquímicos fitossanitários é uma solução parcial no combate de agent
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Jayaraman, Padmavathy. "Analysis of Bacillus subtilis 1604 spore germination." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317752.

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Books on the topic "Germination"

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Harrington, Norman. Germination: Poems. [the author], 1992.

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Paveg, Yann Erwan. Germination des colères. Kildorenn an trev, 2009.

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Bradbeer, J. W. Seed Dormancy and Germination. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7747-4.

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Bradbeer, J. W. Seed Dormancy and Germination. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6574-7.

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1915-, Poljakoff-Mayber Alexandra, ed. The germination of seeds. 4th ed. Pergamon Press, 1989.

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Sanah, Mat Asri Ngah, Zakaria Ibrahim 1948-, and Institut Penyelidikan Perhutanan Malaysia, eds. Germination and seedling records. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 1991.

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Bradbeer, J. W. Seed dormancy and germination. Blackie, 1988.

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1943-, Kigel Jaime, and Galili Gad 1952-, eds. Seed development and germination. M. Dekker, 1995.

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Bradbeer, J. W. Seed dormancy and germination. Blackie Academic & Professional, 1988.

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J, Bradford K., and Nonogaki Hiroyuki, eds. Seed development, dormancy and germination. Blackwell Pub., 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Germination"

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Kuijt, Job, and Bertel Hansen. "Germination." In Flowering Plants. Eudicots. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09296-6_5.

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Bewley, J. Derek, Kent J. Bradford, Henk W. M. Hilhorst, and Hiro Nonogaki. "Germination." In Seeds. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4693-4_4.

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Allott, Miriam. "Germination." In Novelists on the Novel. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003351733-9.

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Bradbeer, J. W. "Germination." In Seed Dormancy and Germination. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7747-4_4.

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Bradbeer, J. W. "Germination." In Seed Dormancy and Germination. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6574-7_4.

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Fenner, Michael. "Germination." In Seed Ecology. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4844-0_6.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Germination." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13830.

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Copeland, Larry O., and Miller B. McDonald. "Seed Germination." In Principles of Seed Science and Technology. Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1783-2_4.

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Copeland, Lawrence O., and Miller B. McDonald. "Seed Germination." In Principles of Seed Science and Technology. Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1619-4_5.

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Martin, R. C., W. E. Pluskota, and H. Nonogaki. "Seed Germination." In Plant Developmental Biology - Biotechnological Perspectives. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02301-9_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Germination"

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Guzman, Ernesto Roque, Juan Pablo Espejel Flores, Brayan Ortiz Hernandez, and Luis Arturo Soriano. "Precision Identification System for Sowing Germination Trays." In 2024 IEEE 2nd Conference on AgriFood Electronics (CAFE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/cafe63183.2024.11069353.

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Vasylinych, Tamara, Olena Khodanitska, Oksana Shevchuk, Olesya Tkachuk, and Oksana Valchuk. "Environmentally Safe Increase in Productivity of Amaranth under the Action of Growth Stimulants." In 8th International Congress "Environment Protection. Energy Saving. Sustainable Environmental Management". Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-zji9xt.

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Hormonal regulation of plant physiological processes, including use of phytohormone-based drugs and modifiers of their activity, offers a sustainable approach to enhancing plant productivity. The aim of our work was to reveal the features of amaranth ontogenesis under the influence of auxin growth stimulants. We assessed the effects of indoleacetic, indolylbutyric, and naphthylacetic acids on germination processes, development, and productivity of amaranth plants. It was established that the use of growth stimulants increased the germination energy by 7-17%, seed germination of amaranth by 5-9
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Kongtragoul, Pornprapa, and Sansanee Pantakan. "ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES INHIBIT SOME FUNGAL PATHOGENS INFECTION ON DURIAN SEEDLINGS." In SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/6.1/s24.17.

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Durian disease-causing organisms such as fungi can infect durian trees at any stage of development. Chemical fungicides are widely used because they are convenient and simple to use. However, it impacts the health of producers, consumers, and the environment. As a result, recommendations have been developed and established for researching zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zn-ONPs) that can inhibit fungal growth as an alternative for preventing and eliminating such fungi. The purpose of this study is to collect and isolate some fungi that cause durian diseases and their pathogenicity test, as well as t
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Dobrojan, Sergiu, Gheorghe Jigau, Galina Dobrojan, Cristin Melnic, Tatiana Ciolacu, and Eugeniu Ciobanu. "The effect of algae biostimulators on the germination of Echinacea purpurea l. seeds." In Conferința științifică națională cu participare internațională "Integrare prin cercetare și inovare", dedicată Zilei Internaționale a Științei pentru Pace și Dezvoltare. Moldova State University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59295/spd2024n.06.

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The article presents the results obtained from experiments on the use of algal biostimulants to stimulate the germination of Echinacea purpurea L. seeds, highlighting the effects observed. The algal biostimulants were obtained by combining the biomass of Nostoc gelatinosum, Nostoc punctiforme, and Nostoc linckia algae in various concentrations. The results showed a significant increase in the germinative capacity and germination index of Echinacea purpurea L. seeds treated with algal biostimulants compared to the control variants. The best results were obtained with algal biostimulants at a co
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Kumar, M. Rudra, Avinash Sharma, K. Sreenivasulu, and G. Ramesh. "Pivot Based Seed Germination Assessment (PBSGA) Pattern for Germination Quality Analysis." In 2022 International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icict54344.2022.9850837.

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Avdeeva, Valentina, Elena Zorina, Julia Bezgina, and Olga Kolosova. "Influence of ozone on germination and germinating energy of winter wheat seeds." In 17th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Agriculture, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev2018.17.n128.

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Sheudzhen, A. Kh. "INFLUENCE OF LIGNOHUMATE ON GERMINATION ENERGY AND LABORATORY GERMINATION OF RICE SEEDS." In INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX: NEW APPROACHES AND RELEVANT RESEARCH. Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2024-454-456.

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Abouelezz, Ahmed Helmy Hassan, and Talaat Ahmed. "The Efficacy of Two Household Cleaning and Disinfecting Agents on Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) and Faba bean (Vicia faba) Seed Germination." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0023.

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A germination test of Vicia faba and Lens culinaris seeds under the effect of bleach and vinegar was conducted for seven days, and the observations were recorded daily. The completely randomized design (CRD) was used to examine the germination with three replicates at the lab conditions. Six germination parameters were measured, including germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT), mean germination rate (MGR), vigour index (VI), plus the fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of Vicia faba and Lens culinaris seeds. As a legume crop seeds model, the efficacy
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Camesano, Terri A., Paola A. Pinzo´n-Arango, and Ramanathan Nagarajan. "Quantifying the Nanomechanical Properties of Bacillus Anthracis and Implications for Spore Killing." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13032.

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study the changes in the nanomechanical properties of the surface of Bacillus anthracis spores during germination. The Hertz model of continuum mechanics of contact was used to evaluate the Young’s or tensile elastic modulus of the spores before and after germination by applying the model to load-indentation curves obtained during force cycles. The highest elastic modulus was obtained with dormant spores, with average elasticity values of 197 ± 81 MPa. Fully vegetative spores had the lowest elasticity values. The elasticity decreased when spores were i
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Belokurova, E. S., D. R. Kuzmina, and O. R. Levchuk. "Effect of chlorella suspension on germination energy and germination capacity of malting barley." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-73.

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The article describes the influence of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, grown in laboratory conditions on different nutrient media, on the growth and development of barley grains. According to the results of the study, the authors conclude that it is possible to use Chlorella vulgaris as a natural biostimulant to increase the germination and germination energy of malting barley
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Reports on the topic "Germination"

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Jones, Marcus, and Nick E. Christians. Germination Curves Describe Variation in Germination Characteristics in Cultivars of Creeping Bentgrass. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-529.

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Dunn, Zachary Spencer. Portable Diagnostics and Rapid Germination. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1335753.

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Wuerslin, Nicole, Franz Lichtner, Nadia Podpora, and Simone Whitecloud. Arctic seed sterilization and germination. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47682.

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We conducted growth chamber experiments to overcome challenges of native seed germination relating to disease and germination time. We selected five northern species, Eriophorum vaginatum, E. virginicum, Anemone patens var. multifida, Polemonium reptans, and Senecio con-gestus, for their native ranges and commercial-nursery availability. Recommended stratification time for each species was either unknown or a minimum of 60 days. Seeds were sterilized with 70% ethanol, 10% hydro-gen peroxide, or UVC light to identify which method most effectively pre-vented pathogen infection. To determine if s
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Dickman, Martin B., and Oded Yarden. Role of Phosphorylation in Fungal Spore Germination. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568761.bard.

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Spore germination is a common and fundamental event in fungal development and in many instances an essential phase of fungal infection and dissemination. Spore germination is also critical for hyperparasites to function as biocontrol agents as well as in fermentation proceses. Our common objective is to understand the mechanisms which regulated spore germination and identify factors involved in pathogenicity related prepenetration development. Our approach is to exploit the overall similarity among filamentous fungi using both a plant pathogen (Colletotricum trifolii) and a model system that i
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Bradford, Kent, Haim Nerson, Gregory Wellbaum, and Menahem Edelstein. Environmental, Developmental and Physiological Determinants of Curcurbit Seed Quality. United States Department of Agriculture, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1998.7695837.bard.

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Abstract:
Environmental, developmental, physiological and biochemical determinants of cucurbit seed quality were investigated in field and laboratory experiments. The major factor influencing seed quality is seed maturity at harvest, with both immature and overmature seeds exhibiting reduced quality. Planting density and fruit load per plant can be manipulated to maximize seed yield per unit area without adversely affecting seed quality. Seeds harvested at optimal maturity will have the greatest germination vigor and will maintain quality longer during storage. Seed priming can improve germination rates
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Ilinkin, Vladimir, Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova, and Marina Stanilova. Germination and Viability of Seeds of Tanacetum Cinerariifolium (Asteraceae). "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.07.09.

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Strey, Dan, and Nick Christians. Germination of Turf-Type Tall Fescue in ISU Compost. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-56.

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Palazzo, Antonio J., and Gurdarshan S. Brar. The Effects of Temperature on Germination of Eleven Festuca Cultivars. Defense Technical Information Center, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada330578.

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Wilsey, Brian J., and Andrea Blong. Native Cover Crops: Germination and First-Season Cover and Biomass. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-135.

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Wilsey, Brian J., and Andrea Blong. Prairie Cover Crops: Germination and First-season Cover and Biomass. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1840.

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