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Academic literature on the topic 'Germination. Seeds. Light'
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Journal articles on the topic "Germination. Seeds. Light"
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Nair, T. S., S. Wilson, and C. Spurr. "Light sensitivity and germination of Eucalyptus globulus seeds." Seed Science and Technology 37, no. 2 (2009): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2009.37.2.07.
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Albrecht, Matthew A., and Quinn G. Long. "Germination niche of the permanent wetland specialist, Parnassia grandifolia DC." Seed Science Research 24, no. 3 (2014): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258514000166.
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AbstractTemperate wetland species often require light and warm temperatures for seed germination. However, recent studies indicate that species which specialize on permanently saturated wetlands that are maintained by groundwater discharge (fens, seeps and mountain springs), rather than wetlands with surface-water-driven hydrologic regimes, diverge from the typical wetland germination niche by germinating at cool temperatures and lacking photoblastic seeds. We conducted laboratory experiments that manipulated stratification conditions (non-stratified versus cold stratification in light and darkness), thermal regime (15/6, 25/15 and 35/20°C), and light (14 h photoperiod versus continuous darkness) to test whether seeds of the North American calcareous fen specialist Parnassia grandifolia diverged from the typical temperate wetland germination niche. After 30 d, fresh seeds were conditionally dormant and could only germinate to high percentages in light at 25/15°C. During 16 weeks of incubation, non-stratified seeds germinated to low percentages ( < 40%) at all thermal regimes in darkness. In contrast, cold-stratified seeds germinated to high percentages in both light and darkness at all thermal regimes, although germination was incomplete (no cotyledon emergence) at 35/20°C. Further, seeds did not require light during cold stratification to germinate to high percentages when incubated in light or darkness. Thus, seeds diverged from the typical temperate wetland germination syndrome in lacking a light and warm temperature requirement for germination. Our results reinforce previous work from European fens and Mediterranean wetlands. This indicates that multiple germination strategies are found in fen wetlands that are maintained by the continuous or near-continuous discharge of cool groundwater.
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Doucet, Colleen, and Paul B. Cavers. "Induced dormancy and colour polymorphism in seeds of the bull thistleCirsium vulgare(Savi) Ten." Seed Science Research 7, no. 4 (1997): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500003810.
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AbstractTo colonize newly disturbed areas, weedy species must disperse their seeds in space and/or in time.Cirsium vulgarehas poor dispersal in space, but can form a persistent seed bank. Fresh seeds are capable of germinating in either light/dark or constant dark conditions under favourable diurnal temperatures of 25°C: 10°C. Despite this lack of dormancy, a large proportion of seeds do not germinate in the autumn after dispersal. Variation in germination requirements according to seed colour was also examined. Fresh seeds were placed under one of two overwintering treatments at 5°C, alternating light/dark or constant darkness. Some seeds of all colours: white, light, intermediate, dark and black germinated under these conditions. Six months later, ungerminated seeds subjected to the light/dark treatment did not require light for germination when placed under optimal temperatures. However, most seeds that had overwintered in constant darkness required light for germination. In the field, this induced dormancy would prevent seeds from germinating if buried or located in deep shade. Such seeds have the potential of forming a persistent seed bank. The proportion of dormant seeds did not appear to be associated with seed colour. Seeds incubated at 10°C following overwintering under light/dark conditions germinated to a higher percentage than seeds overwintered in darkness, regardless of the light conditions for germination. The results of this study help to explain the contradiction between delayed germination in the field and the lack of seed dormancy.
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Basto, Sofía, and Claudia Ramírez. "Effect of light quality on Tabebuia rosea seed germination." Universitas Scientiarum 20, no. 2 (2014): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.sc20-2.elqt.
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Tabebuia rosea germination capacity and rate have been examined under light and dark conditions. However, seeds responses to light quality, in particular to short and mid-wavelengths, are not well known. We hypothesized that short wavelengths would have a positive effect on rosea germination. The effects of short, mid and long-wavelengths on germination capacity, rate (germination rate index, germination rate R50, a devised index of germination rate R50´ and peak value), mean daily germination and germination value were evaluated. Light quality had little effect on germination capacity; it was reduced only in darkness. Seeds under short and mid-wavelengths germinated faster (germination rate) than under any other light treatments. We concluded that althoughlt T. rosea seeds respond to all light quality treatments, the short and mid-wavelengths are the cue for increasing germination speed. For synchronizing germination, short and mid-wavelengths transmitted by red cellophane paper can be used as a pre-germinative treatment for restoration and silvicultural purposes.
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Feghahati, S. M. Javad, and R. Neil Reese. "Ethylene-, Light-, and Prechill-enhanced Germination of Echinacea angustifolia Seeds." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 119, no. 4 (1994): 853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.119.4.853.
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Echinacea angustifolia DC., the common coneflower of the western Great Plains, is difficult to propagate by achenes due to inherent seed dormancy. The effects of light and prechilling on seed germination were examined, alone and combined with scarification (mechanical, acid) and ethylene (ethephon) treatments. The results showed that a 2-week prechill treatment combined with ethephon and continuous light, followed by a 2-week germination period in light (16 hours per day) at 25C, could induce >95% seed germination in E. angustifolia. This was a significantly higher percentage of germination over a shorter period of time than any other method examined or previously described. This treatment also synchronized germination, with most viable seeds germinating in <1 week after being placed at 25C in the light. Chemical name used: 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon).
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Roth-Bejerano, Nurit, Norbert J. A. Sedee, Rene M. van der Meulen, and Mei Wang. "The role of abscisic acid in germination of light-sensitive and light-insensitive lettuce seeds." Seed Science Research 9, no. 2 (1999): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258599000148.
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AbstractThe role of abscisic acid (ABA) in seed germination of two cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.; light-sensitive Ritsa and light-insensitive Strada) was investigated. The inhibition of Ritsa seed germination by exogenous ABA was higher than that of Strada seeds, the extent of inhibition of both cultivars being reduced by a short light break. At 25°C the sensitivity of both cultivars to exogenous ABA was higher than at 15°C. The endogenous level of ABA was similar in dry seeds of both cultivars, increasing temporarily in Ritsa seeds during the first 4 h of imbibition in darkness but not in Strada seeds, nor in Ritsa seeds exposed to a short light break. The transitory increase of ABA content in Ritsa seeds imbibed in darkness was accompanied by increased expression of the gene responsive to ABA (Rab) under these conditions. Zorial (Norflurazone), an ABA-biosynthesis inhibitor, decreased ABA content and allowed dark germination of the light-requiring Ritsa seeds. A short light break induced germination of Ritsa seeds when applied at 24 and 48 h after imbibition onset, i.e. after the transitory increase of ABA. GA3, on the other hand was effective when applied at the beginning of imbibition. It seems that light induces germination of the photoblastic Ritsa seeds by both inhibiting ABA synthesis and decreasing seed sensitivity to ABA and inhibitory processes induced by it.
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Herranz, José M., Miguel Á. Copete, Pablo Ferrandis, and Elena Copete. "Intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy in the endemic Iberian Aconitum napellus subsp. castellanum (Ranunculaceae)." Seed Science Research 20, no. 2 (2010): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258510000048.
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AbstractSeeds of Aconitum napellus subsp. castellanum were physiologically dormant at maturity in early autumn, with underdeveloped embryos. Thus they have morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). Embryos in fresh seeds were on average 1.01 mm long, and they had to grow to 3.60 mm before radicle emergence. Cold stratification at 5°C for 5 months with light enhanced the mean embryo length to 2.73 mm (SE = 0.13) and seed germination to 20%. However, with higher temperatures (15/4, 20/7, 25/10, 28/14 and 32/18°C) embryo growth was small, with no seeds germinating. Optimal germination was achieved after 4 months of cold stratification at 5°C followed by incubation at 20/7°C for 1 month with light, when germination ranged between 70 and 79%, depending on seed age, locality and year of collection. Cold stratification could be substituted by the application of GA3 solution, since mean embryo length in seeds incubated at 25/10°C for 1 month with light was 3.52 mm and the germination was 80%. Since cold stratification was the only requirement for the loss of MPD, the longest embryo growth occurred during this treatment, and GA3 promoted MPD loss, we concluded that A. napellus seeds have intermediate complex MPD. Germination was higher in 4-month stored than in freshly matured seeds. A pronounced variability in germinative patterns at inter-annual and inter-population level was recorded.
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Genna, Nicholas G., and Héctor E. Pérez. "Mass-based germination dynamics of Rudbeckia mollis (Asteraceae) seeds following thermal and ageing stress." Seed Science Research 26, no. 3 (2016): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258516000180.
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AbstractSeed mass is an important plant functional trait linked to germination. For instance, higher-mass seeds often display greater germination compared to lower-mass seeds when exposed to non-stressful conditions. Yet, knowledge pertaining to germination dynamics for different mass-based seed fractions following exposure to abiotic stress is lacking. Here, we assess the germination response of relatively fresh, mass-separated Rudbeckia mollis (Asteraceae) seeds to various simulated seasonal temperatures, supra-optimal temperatures and increasing ageing stress duration. Air density separation yielded three mass-based classes, called light (393 ± 35 μg), intermediate (423 ± 29 μg) and heavy (474 ± 38 μg). Water uptake kinetics indicated that imbibition (0–6 h) and germination lag (6–24 h) were independent of seed mass. Similarly, germination and viability loss of fresh seeds following exposure to seasonal and supra-optimal constant temperatures were independent of mass. However, seed mass influenced germination following increasing ageing stress, with light seeds germinating to a significantly greater extent than intermediate or heavy seeds. For example, final germination per cent in light-class seeds was about 1.7 times greater than intermediate or heavy seeds after 20 d of saturated salt accelerated ageing (SSAA). Seeds stored for 1 year in the laboratory displayed mass-dependent germination patterns similar to seeds following SSAA. Mass-independent germination responses may be a strategy to maintain an annual life history in otherwise difficult environments when R. mollis seeds are relatively fresh. However, differences in germination response between aged and unaged seeds suggest that mass-dependent viability loss may occur in R. mollis.
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Marler, Thomas E. "Serianthes nelsonii Seed Germination and Seedling Behavior are Minimally Influenced by Chemical and Light Treatment." Horticulturae 5, no. 2 (2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae5020031.
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The role of seed imbibition and light during germination are not known for the critically endangered Serianthes nelsonii Merr. Scarified seeds were pre-soaked in gibberellic acid (GA3) up to 300 mg/L and nitrate solutions of 3000 mg/L to determine if germination was influenced by these treatments. Scarified and imbibed seeds were incubated in high red:far red and low red:far red light to determine the influence of light quality on germination traits. The GA3 and nitrate treatments did not influence germination percentage or timing, but did increase the height of newly emerged seedlings. Moreover, GA3 extended the longevity of cotyledons and shortened the window of time that seedlings required to resume height growth. These growth responses were not sustained, and all seedlings reached heights of 30 cm at a similar number of weeks. The light treatments did not influence any of the germination response traits. The results indicate that imbibing seeds with chemical solutions and providing light in a range of light quality treatments exerted a minimal influence on S. nelsonii seed germination behaviors. Imbibing seeds with water and germinating in darkness is sufficient for achieving the germination of this endangered tree species.
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Baskin, Carol C., Per Milberg, Lars Andersson, and Jerry M. Baskin. "Germination studies of three dwarf shrubs (Vaccinium, Ericaceae) of Northern Hemisphere coniferous forests." Canadian Journal of Botany 78, no. 12 (2000): 1552–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-129.
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Freshly matured seeds of the dwarf shrubs Vaccinium myrtillus L., Vaccinium vitis-idaea L., and Vaccinium uliginosum L. from various sites in coniferous forests in Sweden were tested for germination before and after cold stratification. In initial tests, seeds of V. myrtillus and V. vitis-idaea germinated to 62100% in light at 20:10 and (or) at 25:15°C with few (112%) or no seeds germinating at 15:5(6)°C; however, after 12 or 20 weeks of stratification germination increased significantly in light at 15:5(6)°C. Thus, seeds of these species are conditionally dormant at maturity. Of seeds sown outdoors in southern Sweden on various dates in summer, 120% of V. myrtillus and 02% of V. vitis-idaea germinated before winter. Seeds of neither species germinated during late May, when minimum temperatures were about 710°C, but they did germinate after minimum temperatures increased to [Formula: see text] 10°C. Although stratification increased germination percentages of V. myrtillus and V. vitis-idaea seeds at 15:5(6)°C, more than 2 weeks of incubation at this temperature was required for germination. Thus, even after habitat temperatures have reached the minimum range for germination of nondormant seeds, a slow rate of germination at low temperatures may prevent stratified seeds of both species from germinating in the field in early spring. Nonstratified seeds of V. uliginosum germinated to a maximum of 5% in light and of 7% in darkness, but after 12 weeks of stratification, seeds germinated to 4995% in light and to 160% in darkness at the three temperature regimes. Most seeds of V. uliginosum are dormant at maturity, and they come out of dormancy during stratification in winter. By spring, seeds of V. uliginosum germinate over the same range of temperatures as those of V. myrtillus and V. vitis-idaea, but seeds of V. uliginosum germinate faster at 15:5(6)°C than those of the other two species.Key words: blueberry seed germination, cold stratification, Ericaceae, seed dormancy, seed germination, Vaccinium.