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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Germplasm resources conservation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Germplasm resources conservation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Germplasm resources conservation"

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Afolayan, G., S. P. Deshpande, S. E. Aladele, A. O. Kolawole, I. Angarawai, D. J. Nwosu, C. Michael, E. T. Blay, and E. Y. Danquah. "Genetic diversity assessment of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) accessions using single nucleotide polymorphism markers." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 5 (July 10, 2019): 412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262119000212.

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AbstractSorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is an important resource to the national economy and it is essential to assess the genetic diversity in existing sorghum germplasm for better conservation, utilization and crop improvement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of genetic diversity within and among sorghum germplasms collected from diverse institutes in Nigeria and Mali using Single Nucleotide Polymorphic markers. Genetic diversity among the germplasm was low with an average polymorphism information content value of 0.24. Analysis of Molecular Variation revealed 6% variation among germplasm and 94% within germplasms. Dendrogram revealed three groups of clustering which indicate variations within the germplasms. Private alleles identified in the sorghum accessions from National Center for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Ibadan, Nigeria and International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Kano, Nigeria shows their prospect for sorghum improvement and discovery of new agronomic traits. The presence of private alleles and genetic variation within the germplasms indicates that the accessions are valuable resources for future breeding programs.

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Yadav, Bishnu, Daurik Lal Pandit, Dhurba Banjade, Dipesh Kumar Mehata, Susmita Bhattarai, Sujan Bhandari, Netra Prasad Ghimire, Puja Yadav, and Prava Paudel. "Insights into the germplasm conservation and utilization: Implications for sustainable agriculture and future crop improvement." Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 9, no. 1 (March 25, 2024): 180–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.0901026.

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Plant genetic resources are critical for maintaining global biodiversity and ensuring food security. However, these resources face threats from factors such as habitat loss and climate change, with approximately 22% of plant species estimated to be at risk of extinction. To address this issue, both natural and biotechnological methods are being developed to preserve plant genetic resources, with germplasm being a key component. Germplasm contains the complete genetic information of a plant and can be stored for extended periods and replicated as required. The objective of this study is to emphasize the importance of preserving germplasm of endangered or near-extinct plant species through in situ and ex situ conservation methods. In situ conservation involves conserving species in their natural environment, while ex situ conservation includes using gene-seed banks and tissue culture to store genetic resources. These methods are crucial for maintaining genetic diversity and preventing the loss of valuable plant resources. The study highlights the various ex situ conservation methods, including cryopreservation, pollen and DNA banks, farmer's fields, botanic gardens, genetic reserves, and slow-growing cultures, which are essential for preserving germplasm. Gene banks worldwide currently hold over 7.4 million accessions of crop genetic resources, demonstrating the value of germplasm conservation efforts. Additionally, understanding the phenotypic and genetic characterization of related species is crucial for identifying endangered or vulnerable species that can diversify into new varieties or subspecies. In conclusion, prioritizing germplasm conservation efforts is crucial for meeting future demands while preserving endangered or vulnerable species. This will ensure that plant genetic resources remain available for future generations and that agricultural innovation can effectively address global food security challenges.

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Priyanka, Veerala, Rahul Kumar, Inderpreet Dhaliwal, and Prashant Kaushik. "Germplasm Conservation: Instrumental in Agricultural Biodiversity—A Review." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 6743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126743.

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Germplasm is a valuable natural resource that provides knowledge about the genetic composition of a species and is crucial for conserving plant diversity. Germplasm protection strategies not only involve rescuing plant species threatened with extinction, but also help preserve all essential plants, on which rests the survival of all organisms. The successful use of genetic resources necessitates their diligent collection, storage, analysis, documentation, and exchange. Slow growth cultures, cryopreservation, pollen and DNA banks, botanical gardens, genetic reserves, and farmers’ fields are a few germplasm conservation techniques being employed. However, the adoption of in-vitro techniques with any chance of genetic instability could lead to the destruction of the entire substance, but the improved understanding of basic regeneration biology would, in turn, undoubtedly increase the capacity to regenerate new plants, thus expanding selection possibilities. Germplasm conservation seeks to conserve endangered and vulnerable plant species worldwide for future proliferation and development; it is also the bedrock of agricultural production.

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Xuan, Lingyan, Xiujie Xi, Zixian Xu, Huijun Xie, Yunguo Zhu, Zhou Cheng, and Shan Li. "Genetic differences and variation in polysaccharide antioxidant activity found in germplasm resources for Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.)." Botany 98, no. 11 (November 2020): 651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2019-0182.

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Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) is an ancient plant with high nutritional and medicinal value. In this study, using 11 Chinese germplasm resources for Job’s tears, we examined genetic differences among the germplasms and differences in the in vitro antioxidant activities of coixan, and sought to identify inter-relationships between these two variables. We found that the intraspecific conservation of DNA sequences was high, with ITS regions and cpDNA trnL-F and trnH-psbA non-coding sequences showing no sequence variation, whereas the GBSSI gene showed a certain degree of variation among the different germplasms. EST-SSR analysis also revealed a relatively low level of genetic diversity among the germplasms. Coixan was shown to be an efficient antioxidant, and among the germplasms examined, the LNYX, FJPC, and AHBZ had the highest antioxidant activities. However, none of the four in vitro antioxidant activity indices we assessed were significantly correlated with the geographical origin of the germplasm (latitude and longitude); however, one of them was significantly associated with genetic diversity. Although the factors affecting the antioxidant activity of coixan are complex, the role of heredity should not be ignored. Our findings have implications for the scientific evaluation, identification, and sustainable utilization of the germplasm resources for Job’s tears.

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Srivastava, M. K. "Germplasm Conservation as a Key for Food Security." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VIII (August 15, 2021): 462–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37396.

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Security of any country as well as the whole world can be ensure through the conservation of germplasm since they are genetic resources that can be used to prolong a population of an organism. Plant genetic resources (PGR) are the foundation of agriculture as well as food and nutritional security. The ICAR-NBPGR is key institution at national level for management of PGR in India under Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi. India being rich in both flora and fauna germplasm diversity also have challenge of protecting its natural heritage. At the same time, we also have mutually beneficial strategies for germplasm exchange with other countries. The National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR) activities include PGR exploration, collection, exchange, characteri- zation, evaluation, conservation and documentation. It also perform the responsibility to carry out quarantine of all imported PGR. NBPGR collects and acquires germplasm from various sources, conserves it in the Genebank, characterizes and evaluates it for different traits and provides ready material for breeders to develop varieties for farmers. At present, the National Genebank conserves more than 0.45 million accessions. NBPGR is responsible for identifying trait-specific pre-adapted climate resilient genotypes, promising material with disease resistance and quality traits which the breeders use for various crop improvement programmes. The prime focus area of research of NBPGR at present is is on characterization of ex situ conserved germplasm and detailed evaluation of prioritized crops for enhanced utilization. identification of novel genes and alleles for enhanced utilization of PGR; identification and deployment of germplasm/landraces.

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Campbell, K. W., and B. Fraleigh. "The Canadian Plant Germplasm System." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-003.

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The present system of formal plant germplasm conservation in Canada began in 1970 with the appointment of the first Plant Gene Resources Officer. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), which has the main mandate for plant germplasm conservation, operates a seed genebank in Ottawa, which stores and documents accessions of value to Canada, and a clonal genebank in Smithfield, which concentrates on the preservation of tree and small fruits. A new multi-nodal system initiated under the Green Plan has added five new centres to the plant germplasm network. Located at AAFC research centres, plant breeders are responsible for rejuvenating and documenting important germplasm. Universities, companies and nongovernmental organizations contribute to germplasm conservation by increasing the genetic diversity available in the form of cultivars and operating plant and seed repositories. Key words: Germplasm conservation, genebank

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Gorshkov, V. M., L. S. Samarina, R. V. Kulyan, V. I. Malyarovskaya, A. V. Ryndin, R. S. Rakhmangulov, and Y. L. Orlov. "Challenges of in vitro conservation of Сitrus germplasm resources." Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 23, no. 1 (February 26, 2019): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/vj19.457.

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The main problems of establishment a slow growth in vitro collection of citrus and other tree crops cultivars are high degree of fungal contamination of bud explants and low growth potential of shoots. In this regard, the aim of current research is to assess the efficiency of decontamination procedure and the possibility of tissue culture initiation and slow growth conservation of valuable lemon cultivars. The best results of surface sterilization were obtained using immersion solutions of 0.3 % Veltolen – 25 minutes or 10 % Domestos – 25–30 minutes. In these treatments, 27.7–33.0 % of aseptic explants were obtained, respectively. However, after the third subculture, the yield of aseptic viable explants decreased till 10 % as a result of secondary contamination by endophytic fungi. The addition of biocide (“Gavrish”) in a nutrient medium at a concentration of 1 ml/l helped to increase the yield of aseptic viable explants till 50 %. However, after the third subculture the photosynthetic activity and the pigments content as well as growth rate decreased. Plants dropped yellowish leaves and eventually died. Thus, 37.35 % of plantlets survived after 8 months of conservation, and only 14.6 % survived after 10 months. Even after the third month of conservation significant decrease in the viability index and the coefficient of photosynthetic activity occurred in plants. Chlorophyll a in leaves decreased from 1.59 to 1.14 mg/g during 12 months in vitro conservation. The similar tendency observed on clorophyll b and carotenoids content. The experiments were carried out for 5 years using different lemon cultivars and other citrus varieties and cultivars. Thus, micropropagation and slow growth in vitro conservation of valuable lemon cultivars are still problematic and requires new technical solutions due to the low growth potential of plantlets raised from the mature buds that is consistent with the data of other researchers.

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Zhang, Shuangmeng, Zisheng Xu, Lifei Luo, Shuxin Gu, Zhen Hu, Shiming Wan, and Zexia Gao. "Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Coilia nasus Revealed by 2b-RAD Sequencing." Biology 12, no. 4 (April 14, 2023): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12040600.

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Coilia nasus is a threatened migratory species in the Yangtze River Basin. To reveal the genetic diversity of natural and farmed populations of C. nasus and the status of germplasm resources in the Yangtze River, the genetic diversity and structure of two wild populations (Yezhi Lake: YZ; Poyang Lake: PY) and two farmed populations (Zhenjiang: ZJ; Wuhan: WH) of C. nasus were analyzed using 44,718 SNPs obtained via 2b-RAD sequencing. The results indicate that both the wild and farmed populations had low genetic diversity, and germplasm resources have undergone varying degrees of degradation. Population genetic structure analyses indicated that the four populations may have come from two ancestral groups. Different amounts of gene flow were identified among WH, ZJ, and PY populations, but gene flow among YZ and other populations was low. It is speculated that the river–lake isolation of Yezhi Lake is the main cause of this phenomenon. In conclusion, this study revealed that genetic diversity reduction and germplasm resource degradation had occurred in both wild and farmed C. nasus, suggesting that conservation of its resources is of great urgency. This study provides a theoretical basis for the conservation and rational exploitation of germplasm resources for C. nasus.

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Merrick, Laura C. "CONSERVING AND USING CROP GENETIC RESOURCE COLLECTIONS: THE CONTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC SECTOR PLANT BREEDERS, GENETICISTS, & CURATORS." HortScience 28, no. 5 (May 1993): 471e—471. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.471e.

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The number and status of germplasm collections associated with plant breeding and applied genetics programs at U.S. public sector institutions [i.e., at both state (SAES) and federal (USDA ARS) agricultural experiment stations] was assessed from a resource conservation perspective via a questionnaire sent to over 1300 people who have been involved with the use or conservation of crop genetic resources in research, preservation, administration, or advisory capacities. The latter so-called working collections typically emphasize use rather than conservation of germplasm, while in turn preservation is one of the primary functions of genebank collections such as those managed by USDA's National Plant Germplasm System. A major objective of the project was to assess the vulnerability of germplasm in working collections to being discarded or left in limbo when breeding programs are discontinued. An evaluation was made of “who is breeding or conserving what crops and where” in order to determine patterns of investment in genetic improvement of major vs. minor crops, as well as in federal- vs. state-based activities. Such differences may be relevant when devising plans to improve germplasm conservation and use. Specific examples of breeding and conservation activity relating to vegetable crops will be compared to that of other types of crop commodities.

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Harvey, Bryan L., and Brad Fraleigh. "Impacts on Canadian agriculture of the Convention on Biological Diversity." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-005.

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Canada was among the first nations to sign and ratify the Convention on Biological Diversity. With strong support from the federal government, the Canadian delegation played a key role in its negotiation. The Convention has three major elements: (1) the conservation of biodiversity; (2) the sustainable use of biodiversity; and (3) the equitable sharing of benefits derived from the use of biodiversity. Canada has developed a draft strategy to meet our obligations as a signatory nation. This strategy was developed with input from various levels of government and from a wide range of individuals and organizations. The benefits to agriculture are increased resources for the conservation of biodiversity, which is vital to this industry, and continued access to germplasm. The costs are the funds necessary to conserve, an obligation to share knowledge and benefits from genetic resources and greater regulation of germplasm exchange. Key words: Biodiversity, conservation, germplasm, convention, genetic resources

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Germplasm resources conservation"

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Virchow, D. "Conservation of genetic resources : costs and implications for a sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture /." Berlin ; New York : Springer, 1999. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0714/99012752.html.

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Settipalli, Satyaprakash R. "Synthetic seed production for germplasm storage of Hydrastis canadensis L. (goldenseal)." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5530.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 48 p. : col. ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-42).

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Lochen, Tobias. "Die völkerrechtlichen Regelungen über den Zugang zu genetischen Ressourcen /." Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016140557&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Siu, Lai-ping, and 蕭麗萍. "Conservation and in vitro propagation of Hong Kong Camellias." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31210545.

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Souch, Graham Robert. "Long-term conservation of Allium germplasm resources : the cryopreservation of A. sativum using an encapsulation/dehydration approach." Thesis, University of Derby, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433865.

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Dajani, Ola Fouad. "Genetic resources under the CBD and TRIPS : issues on sovereignty and property." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78178.

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Coming together to save the Earth. Ten years have passed since the Earth Summit in Rio created such passion and expectations. Whether the Convention on Biological Diversity has met those expectations or not vary from person to person.
Evidently, the Convention on Biological Diversity is complex, not only in its language, but also in its attempt to balance between conservation and sustainable use, and between the providers of and benefiters from biological diversity.
Subsequent to its conclusion, the Parties have strived to achieve these objectives. This thesis attempts to assist in this process by exploring the means of implementing the Convention on Biological Diversity and their consequences.
The scope of the thesis is limited to the matters of sovereignty rights and access to genetic resources, in an effort to clear up the uncertainties in the applications of these components. This thesis attempts to contribute a pragmatic perspective to these matters, which, at their core, rely on the crossing points in the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. This thesis focuses on ways to reconcile property rights in genetic resources with patent rights in invention using genetic resources. It proposes one interpretation of property rights in genetic resources so as to avoid any conflict with patent rights and accordingly, avoid conflict between the requirements of the Convention on Biological Diversity and those of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.
I hope that the views and proposals expressed in this thesis will be considered along with other diverse approaches to the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

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Nguyen, Duc Bach, Van Hai Tong, Van Hung Nguyen, and Huu Ton Phan. "Collection, conservation, exploitation and development of rice genetic resource of Vietnam." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-190749.

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Genetic resources are important for the development of every country and for humanity. Collection, conservation and reasonable utilization of genetic resource is required mission. Understanding the importance of genetic resource, especially rice germplasm, since 2001, Center for conservation and development of crop genetic resources (CCD-CGR) of Hanoi University of Agriculture (Vietnam National University of Agriculture) has been collected, conserved and evaluated rice germplasm from different provinces of Vietnam for breeding programs. So far, 1090 accessions of local rice of Vietnam have been collected. Evaluation of agronomic properties and screening of some important genes using DNA molecular markers have revealed that Vietnamese rice germplasm has high level diversity and containing important genes for quality and resistance for disease and pests. These genetic resources are potential materials for national breeding programs. Based on the collected germplasm, 3 new glutinous rice varieties have been successfully created with high yield and good quality. In addition, the degradation of local rice varieties is also a matter of concern. So far, 4 specialty rice varieties Deo Dang, Ble chau, Pu de and Khau dao have been successfully restored for the north provinces of Vietnam. The main results of this study are germplasms for rice breeding programs and new improved varieties that bring economic benefits to farmers and the country
Nguồn gene là tài nguyên sống còn của mỗi quốc gia và của toàn nhân loại. Vì vậy thu thập, bảo tồn, đánh giá và khai thác hợp lý nguồn tài nguyên này có ý nghĩa rất lớn. Nhận thức được tầm quan trọng của nguồn gen nhất là nguồn gen cây lúa, ngay từ đầu những năm 2000, Trung tâm bảo tồn và phát triển nguồn gene cây trồng thuộc Trường Đại học nông nghiệp, nay là Học Viện nông nghiệp Việt Nam đã tiến hành thu thập, lưu giữ, đánh giá và khai thác nguồn gene lúa. Kết quả đã thu thập, lưu giữ được 1090 mẫu giống lúa địa phương Việt Nam. Đánh giá đặc điểm nông sinh học và phát hiện một số gene quy định các tính trạng chất lượng và kháng sâu bệnh bằng chỉ thị phân tử DNA. Đây là nguồn gene quan trọng cho chọn tạo giống. Dựa vào nguồn gene thu thập được, cho đến nay, Trung tâm bảo tồn và phát triển nguồn gene cây trồng đã lai và chọn tạo được thành công 03 giống lúa nếp chất lượng cao. Ngoài ra, thoái hóa giống cũng là vấn đề đang được quan tâm. Cho đến nay 4 giống lúa đặc sản Đèo đàng, Ble châu, Pu đe và Khẩu dao đã được phục tráng và đưa vào sản xuất. Kết quả của những nghiên cứu này là ngân hàng các giống lúa làm nguồn gene để chọn tạo giống mới đem lại lợi ích kinh tế cho người nông dân và đất nước

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8

Heider, Bettina. "Assessment of legume diversity for genetic resources conservation in the highlands of Northeast Vietnam germplasm collecting, molecular marker studies and ethnobotanical surveys." Beuren Stuttgart Grauer, 2007. http://d-nb.info/989892956/04.

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Nguyen, Duc Bach, Van Hai Tong, Van Hung Nguyen, and Huu Ton Phan. "Collection, conservation, exploitation and development of rice genetic resource of Vietnam: Short communication." Technische Universität Dresden, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29104.

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Genetic resources are important for the development of every country and for humanity. Collection, conservation and reasonable utilization of genetic resource is required mission. Understanding the importance of genetic resource, especially rice germplasm, since 2001, Center for conservation and development of crop genetic resources (CCD-CGR) of Hanoi University of Agriculture (Vietnam National University of Agriculture) has been collected, conserved and evaluated rice germplasm from different provinces of Vietnam for breeding programs. So far, 1090 accessions of local rice of Vietnam have been collected. Evaluation of agronomic properties and screening of some important genes using DNA molecular markers have revealed that Vietnamese rice germplasm has high level diversity and containing important genes for quality and resistance for disease and pests. These genetic resources are potential materials for national breeding programs. Based on the collected germplasm, 3 new glutinous rice varieties have been successfully created with high yield and good quality. In addition, the degradation of local rice varieties is also a matter of concern. So far, 4 specialty rice varieties Deo Dang, Ble chau, Pu de and Khau dao have been successfully restored for the north provinces of Vietnam. The main results of this study are germplasms for rice breeding programs and new improved varieties that bring economic benefits to farmers and the country.
Nguồn gene là tài nguyên sống còn của mỗi quốc gia và của toàn nhân loại. Vì vậy thu thập, bảo tồn, đánh giá và khai thác hợp lý nguồn tài nguyên này có ý nghĩa rất lớn. Nhận thức được tầm quan trọng của nguồn gen nhất là nguồn gen cây lúa, ngay từ đầu những năm 2000, Trung tâm bảo tồn và phát triển nguồn gene cây trồng thuộc Trường Đại học nông nghiệp, nay là Học Viện nông nghiệp Việt Nam đã tiến hành thu thập, lưu giữ, đánh giá và khai thác nguồn gene lúa. Kết quả đã thu thập, lưu giữ được 1090 mẫu giống lúa địa phương Việt Nam. Đánh giá đặc điểm nông sinh học và phát hiện một số gene quy định các tính trạng chất lượng và kháng sâu bệnh bằng chỉ thị phân tử DNA. Đây là nguồn gene quan trọng cho chọn tạo giống. Dựa vào nguồn gene thu thập được, cho đến nay, Trung tâm bảo tồn và phát triển nguồn gene cây trồng đã lai và chọn tạo được thành công 03 giống lúa nếp chất lượng cao. Ngoài ra, thoái hóa giống cũng là vấn đề đang được quan tâm. Cho đến nay 4 giống lúa đặc sản Đèo đàng, Ble châu, Pu đe và Khẩu dao đã được phục tráng và đưa vào sản xuất. Kết quả của những nghiên cứu này là ngân hàng các giống lúa làm nguồn gene để chọn tạo giống mới đem lại lợi ích kinh tế cho người nông dân và đất nước.

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10

Perrault-Archambault, Mathilde. "Who manages home garden agrobiodiversity? : patterns of species distribution, planting material flow and knowledge transmission along the Corrientes River of the Peruvian Amazon." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83198.

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Agrobiodiversity constitutes an essential resource for traditional rural populations. Home gardens are "hotspots" of agrobiodiversity and important loci of in situ conservation efforts. This study seeks to understand the factors affecting gardeners' choices and to assess the accessibility of planting material in rural communities of the Peruvian Amazon. Household surveys and garden inventories conducted in 15 villages of the Corrientes river (n = 300), and case studies in three of these villages (n = 89), allowed to describe the local and regional patterns of garden agrobiodiversity and the structure of planting material exchange networks. Analyses reveal a strong link between species diversity and both household cultural and socioeconomic characteristics, and village ethnicity and size. Planting material flows primarily through matrilineal bonds, from advice-givers to advice-seekers, from old to young and from rich to poor. Farmers with exceptional species diversity, propensity to give and/or expertise are identified and their role in the conservation of cultivated plants is assessed. Expertise is not found to be as closely related to high species diversity as expected, but knowledge and planting stock dissemination go hand-in-hand.

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Books on the topic "Germplasm resources conservation"

1

Rana, R. S. Plant germplasm conservation: Biotechnological approaches. Edited by Rana R. S, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources., and Indian Council of Agricultural Research. New Delhi: National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, 1995.

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Smith, Nigel J. H. Botanic gardens and germplasm conservation. Honolulu: Published for Harold L. Lyon Arboretum by the University of Hawaii Press, 1986.

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Sponenberg, D. Phillip. A conservation breeding handbook. Pittsboro, N.C: American Livestock Breeds Conservancy, 1995.

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Singh, B. B. Principles and procedures in germplasm conservation. New Delhi: INDO-USAID PGR Project, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, 1996.

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Maxted, Nigel. Crop wild relative conservation and use. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK: CABI Pub., 2007.

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C, Pence Valerie, and International Plant Genetic Resources Institute., eds. In vitro collecting techniques for germplasm conservation. Rome: IPGRI, 2002.

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S, Rana R., and National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (India), eds. Conservation and management of plant genetic resources. New Delhi: National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 1993.

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Bismarck Plant Materials Center (U.S.). Survivor germplasm false indigo and Silver Sands germplasm sandbar willow. Bismarck, N.D: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Plant Materials Center, 2005.

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Ford-Lloyd, Brian. Plant genetic resources: An introduction to their conservation and use. London: E. Arnold, 1986.

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Brush, Stephen B. Genes in the field: On-farm conservation of crop diversity. Rome, Italy: International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Germplasm resources conservation"

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Poehlman, John Milton. "Germplasm Resources and Conservation." In Breeding Field Crops, 171–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7271-2_9.

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Dodds, J. H., Z. Huaman, and R. Lizarraga. "Potato germplasm conservation." In In Vitro Methods for Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources, 93–109. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3072-1_5.

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Niral, V., B. A. Jerard, and M. K. Rajesh. "Germplasm Resources: Diversity and Conservation." In The Coconut Genome, 27–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76649-8_3.

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Villegas, L., and M. Bravato. "Conservation in vitro of cassava germplasm." In In Vitro Methods for Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources, 111–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3072-1_6.

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Ng, S. Y. C., and N. Q. Ng. "Reduced-growth storage of germplasm." In In Vitro Methods for Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources, 11–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3072-1_2.

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Greene, Stephanie L., and Thomas C. Hart. "Implementing Geographic Analysis in Germplasm Conservation." In Linking Genetic Resources and Geography: Emerging Strategies for Conserving and Using Crop Biodiversity, 25–38. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub27.c2.

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Hawkes, J. G., N. Maxted, and B. V. Ford-Lloyd. "World Ex Situ Collections of Germplasm." In The Ex Situ Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources, 108–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4136-9_8.

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Kuo, C. G. "Conservation and distribution of sweet potato germplasm." In In Vitro Methods for Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources, 123–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3072-1_7.

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Guzzon, Filippo, Maraeva Gianella, Peter Giovannini, and Thomas S. Payne. "Conserving Wheat Genetic Resources." In Wheat Improvement, 299–318. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_17.

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AbstractWheat genetic resources (WGR) are represented by wheat crop wild relatives (WCWR) and cultivated wheat varieties (landraces, old and modern cultivars). The conservation and accessibility of WGR are fundamental due to their: (1) importance for wheat breeding, (2) cultural value associated with traditional food products, (3) significance for biodiversity conservation, since some WCWR are endangered in their natural habitats. Two strategies are employed to conserve WGR: namely in situ and ex situ conservation. In situ conservation, i.e. the conservation of the diversity at the location where it is found, consists in genetic reserves for WCWR and on farm programs for landraces and old cultivars. Ex situ conservation of WGR consists in the storage of dry seeds at cold temperatures in germplasm banks. It is currently the most employed conservation strategy for WGR because it allows the long-term storage of many samples in relatively small spaces. Due to the great number of seed samples of WGR and associated passport data stored in genebanks, it is increasingly important for the management of ex situ collections to: (1) employ efficient database systems, (2) understand seed longevity of the seed accessions, (3) setup safety backups of the collections at external sites.

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Williams, J. T. "The International Germplasm Program of the International Board for Plant Genetics Resources." In Conservation of Crop Germplasm-An International Perspective, 21–25. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub8.c2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Germplasm resources conservation"

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Risliawati, Andari, Sobir, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Willy B. Suwarno, and Puji Lestari. "Existing diversity profile for kernel characteristics of maize germplasm in IAARD-ICABIOGRAD gene bank." In THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GENETIC RESOURCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY: Harnessing Technology for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0075178.

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Hidayat R. S., Taufiq, Marjani, Nurindah, Muhammad Rasyidur Ridho, Cynthia Lestari Hertianti, and Widya Fatriasari. "Secondary characters based selection of Indonesian kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) germplasm for developing superior varieties." In THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GENETIC RESOURCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY: Harnessing Technology for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0075716.

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Dewi, Nurwita, Andari Risliawati, and Nurul Hidayatun. "Preliminary characterization and identification of genetic integrity of velvet bean germplasm in IAARD-ICABIOGRAD gene bank." In THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GENETIC RESOURCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY: Harnessing Technology for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0076355.

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Wahyuni, Tinuk Sri, Kartika Noerwijati, and Made J. Mejaya. "The diversity of morpho-agronomic characters and identification of early maturity cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) germplasm." In THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GENETIC RESOURCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY: Harnessing Technology for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0075658.

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Anggraeni, Tantri Dyah Ayu, and Rully Dyah Purwati. "Characterization of plant architecture and yield trait of castor (Ricinus communis L.) germplasm suitable for mechanical harvesting." In THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GENETIC RESOURCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY: Harnessing Technology for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0075155.

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Reports on the topic "Germplasm resources conservation"

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Rajarajan, Kunasekaran, Alka Bharati, Hirdayesh Anuragi, Arun Kumar Handa, Kishor Gaikwad, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Kamal Prasad Mohapatra, et al. Status of perennial tree germplasm resources in India and their utilization in the context of global genome sequencing efforts. World Agroforestry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp20050.pdf.

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Tree species are characterized by their perennial growth habit, woody morphology, long juvenile period phase, mostly outcrossing behaviour, highly heterozygosity genetic makeup, and relatively high genetic diversity. The economically important trees have been an integral part of the human life system due to their provision of timber, fruit, fodder, and medicinal and/or health benefits. Despite its widespread application in agriculture, industrial and medicinal values, the molecular aspects of key economic traits of many tree species remain largely unexplored. Over the past two decades, research on forest tree genomics has generally lagged behind that of other agronomic crops. Genomic research on trees is motivated by the need to support genetic improvement programmes mostly for food trees and timber, and develop diagnostic tools to assist in recommendation for optimum conservation, restoration and management of natural populations. Research on long-lived woody perennials is extending our molecular knowledge and understanding of complex life histories and adaptations to the environment, enriching a field that has traditionally drawn its biological inference from a few short-lived herbaceous species. These concerns have fostered research aimed at deciphering the genomic basis of complex traits that are related to the adaptive value of trees. This review summarizes the highlights of tree genomics and offers some priorities for accelerating progress in the next decade.

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Michelmore, Richard, Eviatar Nevo, Abraham Korol, and Tzion Fahima. Genetic Diversity at Resistance Gene Clusters in Wild Populations of Lactuca. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573075.bard.

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Genetic resistance is often the least expensive, most effective, and ecologically-sound method of disease control. It is becoming apparent that plant genomes contain large numbers of disease resistance genes. However, the numbers of different resistance specificities within a genepool and the genetic mechanisms generating diversity are poorly understood. Our objectives were to characterize diversity in clusters of resistance genes in wild progenitors of cultivated lettuce in Israel and California in comparison to diversity within cultivated lettuce, and to determine the extent of gene flow, recombination, and genetic instability in generating variation within clusters of resistance genes. Genetic diversity of resistance genes was analyzed in wild and cultivated germplasm using molecular markers derived from lettuce resistance gene sequences of the NBS-LRR type that mapped to the major cluster if resistance genes in lettuce (Sicard et al. 1999). Three molecular markers, one microsatellite marker and two SCAR markers that amplified LRR- encoding regions, were developed from sequences of resistance gene homologs at the Dm3 cluster (RGC2s) in lettuce. Variation for these markers was assessed in germplasm including 74 genotypes of cultivated lettuce, L. saliva and 71 accessions of the three wild Lactuca spp., L. serriola, L. saligna and L. virosa that represent the major species in the sexually accessible genepool for lettuce. Diversity was also studied within and between natural populations of L. serriola from Israel and California. Large numbers of haplotypes were detected indicating the presence of numerous resistance genes in wild species. We documented a variety of genetic events occurring at clusters of resistance genes for the second objective (Sicard et al., 1999; Woo el al., in prep; Kuang et al., in prepb). The diversity of resistance genes in haplotypes provided evidence for gene duplication and unequal crossing over during the evolution of this cluster of resistance genes. Comparison of nine resistance genes in cv. Diana identified 22 gene conversion and five intergenic recombinations. We cloned and sequenced a 700 bp region from the middle of RGC2 genes from six genotypes, two each from L. saliva, L. serriola, and L. saligna . We have identified over 60 unique RGC2 sequences. Phylogenetic analysis surprisingly demonstrated much greater similarity between than within genotypes. This led to the realization that resistance genes are evolving much slower than had previously been assumed and to a new model as to how resistance genes are evolving (Michelmore and Meyers, 1998). The genetic structure of L. serriola was studied using 319 AFLP markers (Kuang et al., in prepa). Forty-one populations from Turkey, Armenia, Israel, and California as well as seven European countries were examined. AFLP marker data showed that the Turkish and Armenian populations were the most polymorphic populations and the European populations were the least. The Davis, CA population, a recent post-Columbian colonization, showed medium genetic diversity and was genetically close to the Turkish populations. Our results suggest that Turkey - Armenia may be the center of origin and diversity of L. serriola and may therefore have the greatest diversity of resistance genes. Our characterization of the diversity of resistance genes and the genetic mechanisms generating it will allow informed exploration, in situ and ex situ conservation, and utilization of germplasm resources for disease control. The results of this project provide the basis for our future research work, which will lead to a detailed understanding of the evolution of resistance genes in plants.

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