Academic literature on the topic 'Gerridae – Size'

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Journal articles on the topic "Gerridae – Size"

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McLean, Edward B. "Sexual dimorphism and predaceous feeding habits of the waterstrider Gerris remigis Say (Heteroptera: Gerridae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 12 (December 1, 1990): 2688–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z90-371.

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The feeding habits of Gerris remigis were examined in a southeastern Ontario stream. Gerrids with prey items were collected from two pools along a 15-m length of the site. The size distribution of potential prey available in the surface drift during the survey was estimated. Gerrid prey consisted mainly of terrestrial insects; coleopterans, dipterans, homopterans, and hymenopterans represented the predominant orders. The median size of prey taken by all gerrids was significantly larger than that available in the surface drift. A sexual dimorphism in gerrid body size was found. The length of prey taken did not differ between the sexes; however, the diet of the larger bodied females consisted of prey with a greater median body width than the diet of smaller males. Females also took a greater size range of prey. These results support a size-dependent predation model which predicts that the upper size range of prey that can be successfully captured is correlated with predator size.
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2

Henriquez, Nidia Priscila, and John R. Spence. "STUDIES OF LATHROMEROIDEA SP.NOV. (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE), A PARASITOID OF GERRID EGGS." Canadian Entomologist 125, no. 4 (August 1993): 693–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent125693-4.

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AbstractUse of gerrids (Hemiptera: Gerridae) as primary hosts by the solitary egg parasitoid Lathromeroidea sp.nov. is established and parasitoid reproductive behaviour is described. Four species of Limnoporus (L. dissortis Drake and Harris, L. notabilis Drake and Hottes, L. rufoscutellatus Latreille, and L. esakii Miyamoto) and two of Gerris (G. buenoi Kirkaldy and G. pingreensis Drake and Hottes) were successfully parasitized in the laboratory. A greater proportion of wasps eclosed successfully from eggs of Gerris than from Limnoporus. Host size was directly proportional to both weight and body length of adult parasitoids. Sex ratios were female-biased, with males emerging before females.
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Tseng, Michelle, and Locke Rowe. "Sexual dimorphism and allometry in the giant water strider Gigantometra gigas." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 6 (October 10, 1999): 923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-071.

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This study describes sexual dimorphism in size (total body length and lengths of leg components) and in the allometric relationships between leg-component lengths and total body length in the giant water strider Gigantometra gigas (Heteroptera: Gerridae). Gigantometra gigas is the largest known gerrid, and has been previously described as monomorphic for body size. We compare our results with analogous data collected on Gerris buenoi, a species of more moderate size, where females are larger than males. Based on 94 specimens of G. gigas, we conclude that males are larger than females in all measured traits. This dimorphism was most spectacular in the leg components, which are 10-50% longer in males than in females. Males are generally more variable in size than females, and this is especially so for leg components. Allometric analysis suggests that total leg lengths (particularly middle and rear) increase at a much greater rate with body size in males than in females, therefore there is sexual dimorphism in allometries on the scale of that in the traits themselves. The relationship between middle and hind leg lengths is strong in both sexes, and appears to differ very little between the sexes or between G. gigas, and Ge. buenoi. These data suggest a constraint on this relationship, perhaps because of the biomechanics of locomotion. We propose that sexual selection acting on middle leg lengths in males explains both the increase and variance in middle leg length, and that hind leg length follows by correlated response.
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Olosutean, Horea, Codruța Olosutean, and Daniela Ilie. "High Morphological Variability of Gerris Argentatus Schummel 1832 (Gerridae) and Probably Europe’S Smallest Gerrids, in the Danube Delta (Romania)." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2013-0023.

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ABSTRACT On a field trip to the Busurca Canal, near Sulina, in the Danube Delta, an apterous Gerris argentatus male was captured. It measured only 5.1 mm from the tip of the head to the end of the last abdominal segment, and was the smallest adult pond skater recorded in Europe. This specimen was also the first to be describe as an apterous form of G. argentatus, the species previously being known as either macropterous or micropterous. A large macropterous male, measuring 6.77 mm, was also collected in the same habitat, its size exceeding the known measurement for the species. Five G. argentatus females were taken from two sites on the Busurca Canal, each one measuring under the 7.5 mm length documented as a minimum for females of the species, with the smallest sample being only 6.59 mm in length.
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Andersen, N. Møller, and John R. Spence. "Classification and phylogeny of the Holarctic water strider genus Limnoporus Stål (Hemiptera, Gerridae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 753–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-110.

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The Holarctic water strider genus Limnoporus Stål is redescribed, a key and diagnoses are provided for the six species described, and their distributions are documented. The geographic variation of the Palearctic and northwestern Nearctic L. rufoscutellatus (Latreille) is surveyed. Male specimens from Fairbanks, Alaska, and the Yukon Territory (described as Gerris nearcticus Kelton, syn.nov.), cannot be separated from L. rufoscutellatus from Europe or the former Asian USSR. Limnoporus genitalis (Miyamoto), stat.nov., was originally described as an insular subspecies (from Hokkaido, the Kurile Islands, and Sakhalin) of L. rufoscutellatus but is clearly diagnosable and deserves specific status. The boreal Nearctic L. dissortis (Drake and Harris) and the western Nearctic L. notabilis (Drake and Hottes) are very similar to each other, but males of the two species show practically no overlap in size, L. notabilis being distinctly larger than L. dissortis. However, males, and more especially females, can be difficult to identify in areas where the two species hybridize. The two species of Limnoporus with smaller body size, the eastern Nearctic L. canaliculars (Say) and the east Asian L. esakii (Miyamoto), are more distinct from each other than are the remaining four species of the genus. A cladistic analysis of relationships between species was conducted, mainly on the basis of the structural characteristics of adults, and with species of Aquarius and Gerris as out-groups. The reconstructed phylogeny is discussed in relation to previous standard as well as molecular taxonomic work about species relationships and previous ambiguities are resolved. The phylogeny is further used to infer evolutionary sequences in habitat preference, wing polymorphism, and phenology, and to discuss the geographical distribution and historical zoogeography of Limnoporus species.
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Andersen, Nils Mølle. "The evolution of sexual size dimorphism and mating systems in water striders (Hemiptera: Gerridae): A phylogenetic approach." Écoscience 1, no. 3 (January 1994): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11956860.1994.11682244.

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FAIRBAIRN, DAPHNE J. "The origins of allometry: size and shape polymorphism in the common waterstrider, Gerris remigis Say (Heteroptera, Gerridae)." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 45, no. 2 (February 1992): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1992.tb00637.x.

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8

Andersen, N. Møller. "Classification, phylogeny, and zoogeography of the pond skater genus Gerris Fabricius (Hemiptera: Gerridae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 12 (December 1, 1993): 2473–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-343.

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The primarily Holarctic pond skater genus Gerris Fabricius is redescribed and compared with two other northern temperate water strider genera, Aquarius Schellenberg and Limnoporus Stål. The subgenus Gerriselloides Hungerford and Matsuda is redefined and Macrogerris subgen.nov. is described to hold a group of eight eastern Palearctic species. Monophyletic species-groups of the subgenus Gerris s.str. are diagnosed and their species composition is delimited. Gerris brevirostris Bergroth is synonymized with G. lacustris (L.), syn.nov. Keys for identification are provided for all species of Gerris. The phylogenetic relationships among species of Limnoporus, Aquarius, and Gerris are analyzed. The data set comprises 63 structural characters coded for 2 species of Limnoporus, 7 species of Aquarius, and 19 species of Gerris. In particular, the metathoracic scent apparatus, male genitalia, female ovipositor, and gynatrial complex reveal characters of phylogenetic importance. The data set is subjected to cladistic analyses using the parsimony program Hennig86. Character polarities are determined using either a hypothetical taxon or the species Gigantometra gigas (southeastern Asia) as out-group. Through cladistic analysis, evidence is brought forward supporting one particular hypothesis of the relationships between Aquarius, Limnoporus, and Gerris, and between subgenera and monophyletic species-groups of Gerris. The reconstructed phylogeny is used to infer evolutionary sequences in patterns of wing polymorphism, habitat preferences, and sexual size dimorphism among temperate water striders, and to discuss their geographical distribution and historical biogeography.
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9

Zimmermann, Manfred, and Adolf Scholl. "Specific status of Aquarius cinereus (Puton) and A. najas (De Geer) (Hemiptera: Gerridae) and the extent of hybridization in the Mediterranean region." Insect Systematics & Evolution 24, no. 2 (1993): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631293x00299.

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AbstractResults of field observations, cross-breeding experiments, morphometry, and starch gel electrophoresis suggest that A. cinereus and A. najas are specifically distinct. Cross-breeding experiments between the two taxa in the laboratory were only successful when using males of A. cinereus and females of A. najas. Field observations on mixed populations in spring did not reveal any pre- or postcopulae involving partners of the two taxa (assigned by body length). Instead all pairs observed consisted of conspecific males and females. Morphometry of field caught adults of A. najas and A. cinereus yielded a clearly bimodal distribution of body length with only very few individuals of intermediate size. Therefore, body length alone allows reasonable separation of the two taxa in natural populations. Although F1-hybrids from laboratory rearings (photoperiod 18L:6D, temperature ∼ 23°C) differed only marginally in body length from A. najas reared under the same conditions, backcrosses and also F2-hybrids were of intermediate size. In the field individuals of both taxa are predominantly wingless, but both hybrids and backcrosses from the laboratory showed a net shift in morph ratio with many longwinged specimens. Vertical starch gel electrophoresis of three monomorphic (Apk, Got-2, Mdh-2), six polymorphic loci with low levels of polymorphism (Idh-1, Fum, Got-1, Mdh-1, Me, 6-Pgd) and three highly polymorphic loci (Es-4, Idh-2, Pgm) suggests that the two taxa do not share a common gene pool. Gene differentiation among all A. cinereus populations as measured by Nei's GST values is very low. Between Tyrrhenian and continental A. najas populations, however, gene differentiation is very high, and in the same order of magnitude as gene differentiation between the two taxa A. cinereus and A. najas in sympatric populations. Our field observations, together with morphometric data, laboratory rearings, and information on wing polymorphism, suggest that hybridization in natural populations is rare.
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10

Domingos, A. R., and M. S. Arcifa. "Spatial and temporal distribution of gerrid (Heteroptera) and predation on microcrustaceans from a tropical shallow lake." Brazilian Journal of Biology 77, no. 2 (August 15, 2016): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.12715.

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Abstract Predator-prey interactions involving an aquatic insect and zooplanktonic prey of different sizes were investigated to quantify prey mortality exposed to predators. Laboratory experiments were undertaken with the young and adult gerrid Rheumatobates crassifemur to test predation and size selectivity on the cladocerans Daphnia gessneri, Ceriodaphnia richardi, and Bosmina tubicen. Population fluctuations and spatial distribution of the gerrid were also evaluated in a small and shallow Brazilian lake throughout 12 months in fortnightly samples. The insects were more abundant in the littoral (mean density 7.0 ± 1.2 ind.m–2) compared to the limnetic zone. The period with the highest densities was late January to June, in both zones. Predation by young instars on Daphnia and Ceriodaphnia was significant (mean ingestion rate of 1.3 ± 0.1 D. gessneri and 0.7 ± 0.1 C. richardi per predator per hour). Adult insect fed only the large-sized prey (mean ingestion rate of 1.0 ± 0.1 D. gessneri per predator per hour). Young gerrids have greater potential to prey on cladocerans than adults, and size selectivity occurred for both predators. Preference of adults by the larger prey is probably related to difficulties in manipulating smaller planktonic prey, such as Ceriodaphnia. Due to higher densities of insects in the littoral, higher predation on zooplankton in this zone is expected. This study does contribute to a better understanding of trophic interactions in tropical shallow lakes and is the first to investigate predation of a gerrid on cladocerans in laboratory experiments.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gerridae – Size"

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Preziosi, Richard F. "Sexual size dimorphism and selection in the waterstrider Aquarius remigis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0009/NQ30363.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Gerridae – Size"

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McLean, Edward B. Surface wave perception and patterns of prey size consumption by the waterstrider Gerris remigis Say (Heteroptera: Gerridae). Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1992.

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