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Journal articles on the topic 'Gestalt laws of Perception'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Graham, Lisa M. "Gestalt Laws of Perception: Using Gestalt Theory to Improve Print and Electronic Designs." Design Principles and Practices: An International Journal—Annual Review 3, no. 4 (2009): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1833-1874/cgp/v03i04/37705.

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2

Eden Ünlü, Seda, and Ahmet Serkan Ece. "Reading notation with Gestalt perception principles." Journal of Human Sciences 16, no. 4 (December 27, 2019): 1104–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v16i4.5822.

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Based on the idea that Gestalt psychology is ‘more than all the components that make up it’, the emphasis is on the similarities of the brain's functioning during perception, as in reading text. Just as the brain perceives similar letters as holistic rather than one by one, it can be predicted that this happens during the musician's reading score. Parallel to Gestalt auditory perception research, musicians are thought to benefit from Gestalt perception principles, without consciousness, in the first reading (sight-reading) of notes and later in practice. However, conscious perception of these principles by musicians may be considered to contribute positively during and after their sight-reading. The aim of this study is to explain various Gestalt perception principles which are supposed to be related to music and to reveal examples of these principles on notation reading. The data obtained from the qualitative research methods through literature review were explained with six basic laws, “Figure–Ground”, “Proximity”, “Similarity”, “Symmetry”, “Simplicity” and “Continuity”. In the creation of the samples, the principles of visual perception and the motif, sentence period structures and analyzes, tonic - dominant sentence expressions, tempo and nuance terms that are also included in the auditory perception in music have been related, and it has been attached importance to its concretization with visual perception. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Gestalt psikolojinin, ‘bütün, kendisini oluşturan parçaların bir araya gelmesinden daha fazlasıdır’ düşüncesi ile yola çıkarak, tıpkı metin okumada olduğu gibi, nota okumada da beynin algılama esnasındaki işleyişlerinin benzerliklerine vurgu yapılmaktadır. Nasıl ki, beyin birbirine benzer harfleri tek tek okumak yerine bütüncül olarak algılamaktaysa, söz konusu bu durumun müzisyenlerin nota okuma sırasında da gerçekleşmekte olduğu öngörülebilir. Gestalt işitsel algı araştırmalarına paralel olarak, müzisyenlerin nota ilk okuma (deşifre) ve daha sonraki pratiklerinde, Gestalt algı ilkelerinden, bilincinde olmaksızın, faydalandıkları düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte müzisyenler tarafından bu ilkelerin bilinçli olarak algılanması, onların deşifre yapmaları sırasında ve sonraki performanslarında, olumlu yönde katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülebilir. Bu araştırma, müzik ile ilişkili olabileceği varsayılan çeşitli Gestalt algı ilkelerini açıklayarak, bu ilkelerin notasyon okuma üzerindeki örneklerini ortaya koyma amacını taşımaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden literatür taraması yoluyla elde edilen veriler Gestalt algı ilkelerinden “Şekil–Zemin”, “Yakınlık”, “Benzerlik”, “Simetri” “Basitlik” ve “Süreklilik” olmak üzere altı temel yasa ile açıklanmış, notasyon üzerinde örneklendirilmiştir. Örneklerin oluşturulmasında, görsel algı ilkeleri ile müzikteki işitsel algıda da yer alan motif, cümle dönem yapıları ve analizleri, tonik – dominant cümle ifadeleri, tempo ve nüans terimleri ilişkilendirilmiş, görsel algı ile somutlaştırılmasına önem verilmiştir.

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3

Kim, Been, Emily Reif, Martin Wattenberg, Samy Bengio, and Michael C. Mozer. "Neural Networks Trained on Natural Scenes Exhibit Gestalt Closure." Computational Brain & Behavior 4, no. 3 (April 9, 2021): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42113-021-00100-7.

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AbstractThe Gestalt laws of perceptual organization, which describe how visual elements in an image are grouped and interpreted, have traditionally been thought of as innate. Given past research showing that these laws have ecological validity, we investigate whether deep learning methods infer Gestalt laws from the statistics of natural scenes. We examine the law of closure, which asserts that human visual perception tends to “close the gap” by assembling elements that can jointly be interpreted as a complete figure or object. We demonstrate that a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network, trained to classify natural images, exhibits closure on synthetic displays of edge fragments, as assessed by similarity of internal representations. This finding provides further support for the hypothesis that the human perceptual system is even more elegant than the Gestaltists imagined: a single law—adaptation to the statistical structure of the environment—might suffice as fundamental.

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Singh, Manish, and Donald D. Hoffman. "Part Boundaries Alter the Perception of Transparency." Psychological Science 9, no. 5 (September 1998): 370–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00070.

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The perception of transparency is a remarkable feat of human vision: A single stimulation at the retina is interpreted as arising from two (or more) distinct surfaces, separated in depth, in the same visual direction. This feat is intriguing because physical transparency is neither necessary nor sufficient for phenomenal transparency. Many conditions for phenomenal transparency have been studied, including luminance, chromaticity, stereo depth, apparent motion, and structure from motion. Figural conditions have also been studied, primarily by Gestalt psychologists, resulting in descriptive laws. Here we extend, and make precise, these laws using the genericity principle and the minima rule for part boundaries. We report experiments that support the psychological plausibility of these refinements. The results suggest that the formation of visual objects and their parts is an early process in human vision that can precede the representation of transparency.

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5

Safitri, Sabilla Irwina, Dwi Saraswati, and Esa Nur Wahyuni. "Teori Gestalt (Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Melalui Proses Pemahaman)." At-Thullab : Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah 5, no. 1 (May 11, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/atl.v5i1.450.

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Abstrak: Teori Gestalt memandang bahwa pembelajaran tidak hanya tentang rangsangan dan respon tetapi lebih pada pemahaman tentang suatu masalah yang mampu menarik kesimpulan baru yang berwawasan. Pencetus teori Gestalt termasuk Max Wetheimer, Wolfgang Kohler dan Kurt Kofka. Dalam teori Gestalt terdapat beberapa hukum yaitu hukum kedekatan, hukum ketertutupan dan hukum kesamaan. Diantara prinsip pembelajaran Gestalt adalah pembelajaran melalui wawasan (pemahaman), pembelajaran merupakan reorganisasi dari pengalaman, pembelajaran akan lebih berhasil bila sesuai dengan minat siswa. Sedangkan prinsip persepsi Gestalt termasuk prinsip kontinuitas dan hubungan figur-ground. Kekuatan teori Gestalt adalah anak mampu membangun suatu masalah menjadi pengetahuan atau pemahaman baru, namun teori Gestalt ini juga memiliki kelemahan, yakni teori Gestalt tidak bisa diterapkan pada maeri-materi tertentu.Kata Kunci: Teori Pembelajaran, Gestalt, Pemahaman. Abstract: Gestalt theory views that learning is not only about stimuli and responses but rather about understanding a problem faced which is able to draw new insightful conclusions. Gestalt characters include Max Wetheimer, Wolfgang Kohler and Kurt Kofka. In Gestalt theory, there are several laws, namely the law of closeness, the law of closure and the law of equality. Among the principles of Gestalt learning is that learning through insight (understanding), learning is a reorganization of experiences, learning will be more successful when it comes to interests. Meanwhile, the principles of Gestalt perception include the principle of continuity and Figure-ground relationship. The strength of Gestalt theory is that children are able to reconstruct a problem into new knowledge or understanding, however in the Gestalt theory has also the weaknesses that the gestalt theory cannot be applied to certain materials.Keywords:Learning Theory, Gestalt, Comprehension

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Fellenz, W. A. "Neural Dynamics for Preattentive Perceptual Grouping: Linking Gestalt Laws and Cortical Synchronisation." Perception 25, no. 1_suppl (August 1996): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v96l0706.

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As revealed by the Gestalt school in the first half of the century, visual perception is governed by certain simple rules which group parts into wholes in accordance to ‘laws’ like grouping by proximity, similarity, closure, symmetry, and good continuation. Although these principles can be investigated by experiment, their underlying neural computation is largely unknown. It has been speculated that synchronisations of visual cortical neurons may serve as the carrier for the observed perceptual grouping phenomenon. We present a neural network for preattentive perceptual grouping derived from neurophysiological and psychophysical findings, incorporating a relaxation phase labeling and diffusion process. The network groups visual features into perceptual entities by (de)synchronising parametric phase labels of simple neural oscillators using a constraint satisfaction mechanism. The local constraints between features, which model the Gestaltist grouping principles of proximity and good continuation, act horizontally in and vertically between feature dimensions to allow for the emergent segregation of globally salient contours in phase space, suppressing false responses generated from the edge detection stage. By applying the grouping mechanism to various contour types ranging from dotted lines to intensity edges we show that the phase-based object representation is able to account for various perceptual phenomena like the closing of small contour gaps and the perception of illusory contours. Based solely on edge responses and local interactions thereupon, the neural dynamics allows the emergent formation of globally distinguishable objects in phase space, which can be extracted by an attentional mechanism tracking the spatially modulated phase information.

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7

Su, Chong. "An Applied Study to Image-G Transmission in Chinese Literary on Gestalt Perception Laws." Open Journal of Modern Linguistics 07, no. 06 (2017): 272–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2017.76020.

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8

Michaelsen, E., and J. Meidow. "DESIGN OF ORIENTATION ASSESSMENT FUNCTIONS FOR GESTALT-GROUPING UTILIZING LABELED SAMPLE-DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W16 (September 17, 2019): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w16-169-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Psychological evidence is given that perceptual grouping is an important help for various visual tasks. Object recognition and land use classification from remotely sensed imagery is an example. In machine vision, such a grouping process can be implemented by coding Gestalt laws such as proximity, symmetry, or good continuation. Since geometric relations are rarely fulfilled exactly, soft membership functions are utilized called Gestalt assessments. Hierarchical grouping is possible on increasing scales. Such an approach to hierarchical Gestalt grouping is modified in this paper. In its original form, the approach uses rather heuristic default assessment functions, which are a possible choice as long as no labeled example data are given. The assessment functions can be parameterized so as to improve the perceptual grouping, guiding it by the Gestalten salient to human perception. To this end, we use orientation statistics from the publicly available data set given for the ICCV symmetry recognition competition 2017. Also, with a particular recognition task at hand, labeled example data can serve as the desired foreground. Here we use the ground-truth layer for buildings of the Vaihingen benchmark of the ISPRS. A mixture distribution containing two von Mises-distributions and the uniform component for the clutter in the background is fitted using expectation maximization.</p>

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Kubovy, Michael, and Minhong Yu. "Multistability, cross-modal binding and the additivity of conjoined grouping principles." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1591 (April 5, 2012): 954–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0365.

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We present a sceptical view of multimodal multistability—drawing most of our examples from the relation between audition and vision. We begin by summarizing some of the principal ways in which audio-visual binding takes place. We review the evidence that unambiguous stimulation in one modality may affect the perception of a multistable stimulus in another modality. Cross-modal influences of one multistable stimulus on the multistability of another are different: they have occurred only in speech perception. We then argue that the strongest relation between perceptual organization in vision and perceptual organization in audition is likely to be by way of analogous Gestalt laws. We conclude with some general observations about multimodality.

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Khan, Imran Moez. "EVALUATING A SEGMENTATION-RESISTANT CAPTCHA INSPIRED BY THE HUMAN VISUAL SYSTEM MODEL." IIUM Engineering Journal 12, no. 2 (October 18, 2011): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v12i2.127.

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Visual CAPTCHAs are widely used these days on the Internet as a means of distinguishing between humans and computers. They help protect servers from being flooded by requests from malicious scripts. However, they are not very secure. Numerous image processing algorithms are able to discern the characters used in the CAPTCHAs. It has been suggested that CAPTCHAs can be made more secure if they are distorted in ways that makes segmentation difficult. However, out of all the reviewed distortions present in current CAPTCHAs there are none that allow for a high level of segmentation difficulty. Furthermore, CAPTCHAs also need to be used by humans who may not find certain distortions tolerable. Thus, the problem of selecting a good distortion becomes a tradeoff between user acceptability and computer solvability. It is hypothesized in this paper that rather than use low-level image distortions, optical distortions based on the Gestalt laws of perception that govern human visual system models should be applied. These distortions would ensure widespread user acceptability (as they are based on the internal workings of the HVS), and be very difficult for computers to solve (as HVS perception models have been difficult to implement in computers). This paper aims to explore the feasibility of employing Gestalt-inspired distortion in CAPTCHAs by first implementing a CAPTCHA cracker and then evaluating the performance of some manually generated Gestalt CAPTCHA’s against some existing CAPTCHAs.

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Bellon, Jacqueline. "Figure, Ground and the Notion of Equilibria in the Work of Gilbert Simondon and Gestalt theory." Gestalt Theory 41, no. 3 (November 1, 2019): 293–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gth-2019-0027.

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Summary Based on Clausius’ phrasing of a “transformational content” and the resulting 2nd law of thermodynamics, I demonstrated that Gilbert Simondon’s On the Mode of Existence of Technical Objects is historically situated at the threshold of understanding open systems thermodynamics and the related concepts of balance. Furthermore, I showed that Gestalt theory, as represented by Wolfgang Köhler, at least reproduced, if not partially anticipated or even prepared this development of 20th century thinking. Finally, I gave some short examples of how Simondon applied the figure/ground distinction to human perception, memory, and a general theory of becoming and I introduced his proposal to analyse “the grounds” just as thoroughly as the laws of figuration.

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Rock, Irvin, Romi Nijhawan, Stephen Palmer, and Leslie Tudor. "Grouping Based on Phenomenal Similarity of Achromatic Color." Perception 21, no. 6 (December 1992): 779–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p210779.

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It is widely acknowledged that a precondition for the perception of the world of objects and events is an early process of organization, and it has generally been assumed that such organization is based on the Gestalt laws of grouping. However, the stage at which such grouping occurs, whether early or late, is an empirical question. It is demonstrated in two experiments that grouping by similarity of neutral color is based not on similarity of absolute luminance at the level of the proximal stimulus, but on phenomenal similarity of lightness resulting from the achievement of lightness constancy. An alternative explanation of such grouping based on the equivalence of luminance ratios between elements and background is ruled out by appropriate control conditions.

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Magliveras, Simeon S. "Hmong Textiles, Symmetries, Perception and Culture." Symmetry 12, no. 11 (November 5, 2020): 1829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12111829.

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As part of this Special Issue, this paper attempts to add to a reflexive discussion and confront the simplistic understanding of why humans construct symmetries. This paper examines Hmong textiles called paj ntaub. The Hmong became a transnational people due to happenstance and the Vietnam War. Despite great trials and tribulations, the Hmong people and their art and culture survived. They express themselves and their identity through oral traditions and cultural practices, one of which is their textiles. The old textile styles, known as paj ntaub, are non-representational symmetric designs. The research for this paper was done in Laos. Grounded research, textual analysis and participant observation were the methods used. Though their textiles are a salient part of Hmong culture, little work has been done on the ontology of paj ntaub. This paper proposes a novel perspective to examining the paj ntaub by using anthropological symmetry, the gestalt theory on perception, and ethnographic analysis of the culture, meanings, and choices in design embedded in the textiles, as well as the process of making of the paj ntaub. This work proposes that the paj ntaub is not merely an expression of identity but a holistic expression in Hmong culture and reflects their relationship to their world.

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Chen, Yixiang, Zhiyong Lv, Bo Huang, Pengdong Zhang, and Yu Zhang. "Automatic Extraction of Built-Up Areas from Very High-Resolution Satellite Imagery Using Patch-Level Spatial Features and Gestalt Laws of Perceptual Grouping." Remote Sensing 11, no. 24 (December 15, 2019): 3022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11243022.

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Automatic extraction of built-up areas from very high-resolution (VHR) satellite images has received increasing attention in recent years. However, due to the complexity of spectral and spatial characteristics of built-up areas, it is still a challenging task to obtain their precise location and extent. In this study, a patch-based framework was proposed for unsupervised extraction of built-up areas from VHR imagery. First, a group of corner-constrained overlapping patches were defined to locate the candidate built-up areas. Second, for each patch, its salient textures and structural characteristics were represented as a feature vector using integrated high-frequency wavelet coefficients. Then, inspired by visual perception, a patch-level saliency model of built-up areas was constructed by incorporating Gestalt laws of proximity and similarity, which can effectively describe the spatial relationships between patches. Finally, built-up areas were extracted through thresholding and their boundaries were refined by morphological operations. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated on two VHR image datasets. The resulting average F-measure values were 0.8613 for the Google Earth dataset and 0.88 for the WorldView-2 dataset, respectively. Compared with existing models, the proposed method obtains better extraction results, which show more precise boundaries and preserve better shape integrity.

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Holenstein, Elmar. "Natural Constraints to Cultural Relativism Example: Ricci’s Pacific-Centered World Maps." Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques 73, no. 3 (March 26, 2020): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asia-2018-0023.

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AbstractNot everything that is logically possible and technically feasible is also natural, for example, placing China in the exact center of a world map. Such a map would not correspond to the laws of perception.Matteo Ricci, who was the first to create Chinese world maps on which the Americas were depicted, had to choose between two ideals, between a world map that obeys the gestalt principles of perception and a world map with the “Central State” China in its center. The first ideal mattered more to him than the second, although he took the latter into account as well. The result was a Pacific-centered map.Since we live on a sphere, what we perceive to be in the East and in the West depends on our location. It is therefore natural that in East Asia, world maps show America in the East and not – as in Europe – in the West. This was the argument underlying Ricci’s creation of Pacific-centered maps, and not the intention of depicting China as close to the center of the map as possible.It is only in East Asia that Ricci was the first to create Pacific-centered maps. World maps with the Pacific in the midfield were made in Europe before Ricci, motivated by the traditional unidirectional numbering of the meridians (0°–360°) from West to East starting with the Atlantic Insulae Fortunatae (Canary Islands).

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Nicolaï, Robert. "How languages Change and How They Adapt: Some Challenges for the Future Dynamique du langage et élaboration des langues : quelques défis à relever." Journal of Language Contact 2, no. 1 (2008): 311–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/000000008792525345.

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AbstractAujourd'hui l'étude du multiple, de la variabilité et l'hétérogène va de soi dans les recherches sur l'évolution des langues et le changement linguistique. Corrélativement, des modèles évolutionnistes ont été proposés (cf. Lass 1997, Croft 2000, Mufwene 2001, etc.) ce qui suppose d'engager une réflexion sur leur pouvoir de description et leur degré d'adéquation aux phénomènes. Je m'intéresse ainsi aux 'modélisations métaphoriques' parce qu'elles témoignent de changements importants dans notre perception de la dynamique des langues, et parce que chaque fois qu'on envisage d'exporter un modèle se pose la question cruciale de savoir ce qu'on modélise dans le transfert. Un modèle néo-darwinien va introduire de nouveaux questionnements et conduira à précontraindre et à transformer les problématiques linguistiques. Il importe donc de s'intéresser au risque de surmodélisation qu'il est susceptible d'introduire : cela demande de s'interroger sur certains aspects fondamentaux et nécessaires à l'élaboration du linguistique (variabilité dans les langues, sémiotisation des formes) mais aussi sur la place des 'acteurs' dans les procès de communication.En considérant ces aspects on atteint l'interface où, activement, les acteurs construisent de l'unitaire à partir du variable, de l'hétérogène et du multiple, dans l'espace anthropo-linguistique dont ils sont partie prenante ; ce qui ne veut pas dire que cela résulte d'un procès délibéré. Cette construction se matérialise à travers diverses modalités de saisie des phénomènes. J'en présenterai trois (linéarisation, massification et Gestalt) qui illustrent 'l'activisme' des acteurs dans les dynamiques de l'élaboration de leurs langues.

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John, Carolyn H., and David R. Hemsley. "Gestalt perception in schizophrenia." European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 241, no. 4 (March 1992): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02190256.

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PALMER, STEPHEN E. "Modern Theories of Gestalt Perception." Mind & Language 5, no. 4 (December 1990): 289–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0017.1990.tb00166.x.

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Ostrovsky, Y., J. Wulff, and P. Sinha. "Learning static Gestalt laws through dynamic experience." Journal of Vision 7, no. 9 (March 19, 2010): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/7.9.315.

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Song-Chun Zhu. "Embedding Gestalt laws in Markov random fields." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 21, no. 11 (1999): 1170–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/34.809110.

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Komura, Hiraku, Toshiki Nakamura, and Masahiro Ohka. "Investigation of Tactile Illusion Based on Gestalt Theory." Philosophies 6, no. 3 (July 22, 2021): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies6030060.

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Time-evolving tactile sensations are important in communication between animals as well as humans. In recent years, this research area has been defined as “tactileology,” and various studies have been conducted. This study utilized the tactile Gestalt theory to investigate these sensations. Since humans recognize shapes with their visual sense and melodies with their auditory sense based on the Prägnanz principle in the Gestalt theory, this study assumed that a time-evolving texture sensation is induced by a tactile Gestalt. Therefore, the operation of such a tactile Gestalt was investigated. Two psychophysical experiments were conducted to clarify the operation of a tactile Gestalt using a tactile illusion phenomenon called the velvet hand illusion (VHI). It was confirmed that the VHI is induced in a tactile Gestalt when the laws of closure and common fate are satisfied. Furthermore, it was clarified that the tactile Gestalt could be formulated using the proposed factors, which included the laws of elasticity and translation, and it had the same properties as a visual Gestalt. For example, the strongest Gestalt factor had the highest priority among multiple competing factors.

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Herrmann, C. S., and V. Bosch. "Gestalt perception modulates early visual processing." Neuroreport 12, no. 5 (April 2001): 901–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200104170-00007.

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Favali, Marta, Giovanna Citti, and Alessandro Sarti. "Local and Global Gestalt Laws: A Neurally Based Spectral Approach." Neural Computation 29, no. 2 (February 2017): 394–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00921.

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This letter presents a mathematical model of figure-ground articulation that takes into account both local and global gestalt laws and is compatible with the functional architecture of the primary visual cortex (V1). The local gestalt law of good continuation is described by means of suitable connectivity kernels that are derived from Lie group theory and quantitatively compared with long-range connectivity in V1. Global gestalt constraints are then introduced in terms of spectral analysis of a connectivity matrix derived from these kernels. This analysis performs grouping of local features and individuates perceptual units with the highest salience. Numerical simulations are performed, and results are obtained by applying the technique to a number of stimuli.

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Michaelsen, Eckart. "Gestalt Algebra—A Proposal for the Formalization of Gestalt Perception and Rendering." Symmetry 6, no. 3 (July 7, 2014): 566–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym6030566.

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Spelke, Elizabeth S., Karen Breinlinger, Kristen Jacobson, and Ann Phillips. "Gestalt Relations and Object Perception: A Developmental Study." Perception 22, no. 12 (December 1993): 1483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p221483.

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We investigated whether adults and infants aged 3, 5, and 9 months perceive the unity and boundaries of visible objects in accord with the Gestalt relations of color and texture similarity, good continuation, or good form. Adults and infants were presented with simple but unfamiliar displays in which all three Gestalt relations specified either one object or two objects—perception of the objects was assessed by a verbal rating method in the adults and by a preferential looking method in the infants. The Gestalt relations appeared to influence the adults' perceptions strongly. However, the relations appeared to have no effect on the perceptions of 3-month-old infants and weak effects on the perceptions of 5-month-old and 9-month-old infants. The findings support the suggestion that developmental changes in object perception occur slowly. These changes, and the organizational phenomena to which Gestalt psychology called attention, may depend in part on the child's developing ability to recognize objects of particular kinds.

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Lehar, S. "A Gestalt bubble model of spatial perception." Journal of Vision 1, no. 3 (March 14, 2010): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/1.3.475.

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Aydin, M., M. H. Herzog, and H. Ogmen. "Shape distortions and Gestalt grouping inanorthoscopic perception." Journal of Vision 9, no. 3 (March 1, 2009): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/9.3.8.

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Zhao, Weiqi, Zhang Zhang, and Kaiqi Huang. "Gestalt laws based tracklets analysis for human crowd understanding." Pattern Recognition 75 (March 2018): 112–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2017.06.020.

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Lehar, Steven. "Gestalt isomorphism and the primacy of subjective conscious experience: A Gestalt Bubble model." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 4 (August 2003): 375–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x03000098.

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A serious crisis is identified in theories of neurocomputation, marked by a persistent disparity between the phenomenological or experiential account of visual perception and the neurophysiological level of description of the visual system. In particular, conventional concepts of neural processing offer no explanation for the holistic global aspects of perception identified by Gestalt theory. The problem is paradigmatic and can be traced to contemporary concepts of the functional role of the neural cell, known as the Neuron Doctrine. In the absence of an alternative neurophysiologically plausible model, I propose a perceptual modeling approach, to model the percept as experienced subjectively, rather than modeling the objective neurophysiological state of the visual system that supposedly subserves that experience. A Gestalt Bubble model is presented to demonstrate how the elusive Gestalt principles of emergence, reification, and invariance can be expressed in a quantitative model of the subjective experience of visual consciousness. That model in turn reveals a unique computational strategy underlying visual processing, which is unlike any algorithm devised by man, and certainly unlike the atomistic feed-forward model of neurocomputation offered by the Neuron Doctrine paradigm. The perceptual modeling approach reveals the primary function of perception as that of generating a fully spatial virtual-reality replica of the external world in an internal representation. The common objections to this “picture-in-the-head” concept of perceptual representation are shown to be ill founded.

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Fuchs, Thomas. "Gestalt Theoretical Psychotherapy – A Clinical Example." Gestalt Theory 43, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gth-2021-0003.

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Summary The case of an anorectic patient is presented to demonstrate how well-known symptomatic phenomena such as a supposedly distorted body perception can be understood. Further theoretical suggestions are made to explain the motive to starve, without making complicated psychodynamic assumptions. To do so, genuine gestalttheoretical concepts such as ‘centring’ and ‘reference system’ are used. This leads to hints for a temporarily perception-focused formation of the therapeutic relationship.

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31

Corbeil, Janine, and Danielle Poupard. "La Gestalt." Santé mentale au Québec 3, no. 1 (June 2, 2006): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030032ar.

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C'est un fait que comme théorie vivante, la Gestalt a été et reste ouverte aux influences de l'extérieur. De Freud, en passant par Reich, Jung et Rank, aux philosophies orientales autant qu'occidentales contemporaines, sans oublier Moreno ni les théories organismiques allemandes du début du siècle, la Gestalt est née et a été façonnée par son génial et original auteur, Frederick S. Perls. Comme ce dernier ne s'est jamais refermé sur ses vérités connues et découvertes une fois pour toutes, la Gestalt présente un système de concepts et d'instruments cohérents mais ouverts. Toutefois, il est important, pour laisser émerger graduellement les éléments qui composent ce tout complexe, de dire un mot des grands axes théoriques qui en composent les assises. Ils sont au nombre de quatre : 1) la psychanalyse, qui comprend elle-même le courant freudien et le courant jungien ; 2) l'analyse caractérielle de W. Reich ; 3) la théorie allemande gestaltiste et organismique sur la perception ; 4) le courant philosophique existentiel. On peut ajouter un cinquième courant, qui tout en étant moins fondamental que les quatre premiers est assez original pour qu'il vaille la peine d'en parler, il s'agit du courant des religions orientales, telles le Taoïsme et le Zen.

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Jäkel, Frank, Manish Singh, Felix A. Wichmann, and Michael H. Herzog. "An overview of quantitative approaches in Gestalt perception." Vision Research 126 (September 2016): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2016.06.004.

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Zaretskaya, N., S. Anstis, and A. Bartels. "Parietal Cortex Mediates Conscious Perception of Illusory Gestalt." Journal of Neuroscience 33, no. 2 (January 9, 2013): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2905-12.2013.

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Palmer, Stephen E. "Les théories contemporaines de la perception de Gestalt." Intellectica. Revue de l'Association pour la Recherche Cognitive 28, no. 1 (1999): 53–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/intel.1999.1773.

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Matsuoka, Shohei, Yasuhiro Hatori, and Ko Sakai. "Perception of Border Ownership by Multiple Gestalt Factors." i-Perception 3, no. 9 (October 2012): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/if704.

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Vancheri, Federico. "Bayesian principles or Gestalt perception for clinical judgment." Internal and Emergency Medicine 10, no. 2 (October 7, 2014): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11739-014-1133-0.

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Lloyd, Dan. "Double trouble for Gestalt Bubbles." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 4 (August 2003): 417–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x0331009x.

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The “Gestalt Bubble” model of Lehar is not supported by the evidence offered. The author invalidly concludes that spatial properties in experience entail an explicit volumetric spatial representation in the brain. The article also exaggerates the extent to which phenomenology reveals a completely three-dimensional scene in perception.

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Gupta, Saumya, and Mark A. Bee. "Treefrogs exploit temporal coherence to form perceptual objects of communication signals." Biology Letters 16, no. 9 (September 2020): 20200573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0573.

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For many animals, navigating their environment requires an ability to organize continuous streams of sensory input into discrete ‘perceptual objects’ that correspond to physical entities in visual and auditory scenes. The human visual and auditory systems follow several Gestalt laws of perceptual organization to bind constituent features into coherent perceptual objects. A largely unexplored question is whether nonhuman animals follow similar Gestalt laws in perceiving behaviourally relevant stimuli, such as communication signals. We used females of Cope's grey treefrog ( Hyla chrysoscelis ) to test the hypothesis that temporal coherence—a powerful Gestalt principle in human auditory scene analysis—promotes perceptual binding in forming auditory objects of species-typical vocalizations. According to the principle of temporal coherence, sound elements that start and stop at the same time or that modulate coherently over time are likely to become bound together into the same auditory object. We found that the natural temporal coherence between two spectral components of advertisement calls promotes their perceptual binding into auditory objects of advertisement calls. Our findings confirm the broad ecological validity of temporal coherence as a Gestalt law of auditory perceptual organization guiding the formation of biologically relevant perceptual objects in animal behaviour.

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LEE YOUNG JU and JungKyo Lee. "A Study on the Visual-Perceptive Sequence by Gestalt laws." Journal of Korea Intitute of Spatial Design 5, no. 3 (September 2010): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35216/kisd.2010.5.3.47.

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Cervellin, Gianfranco, Loris Borghi, and Giuseppe Lippi. "Do clinicians decide relying primarily on Bayesians principles or on Gestalt perception? Some pearls and pitfalls of Gestalt perception in medicine." Internal and Emergency Medicine 9, no. 5 (March 8, 2014): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11739-014-1049-8.

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Zaretskaya, Natalia, and Andreas Bartels. "Gestalt perception is associated with reduced parietal beta oscillations." NeuroImage 112 (May 2015): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.02.049.

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Rennig, Johannes, Anna Lena Bleyer, and Hans-Otto Karnath. "Simultanagnosia does not affect processes of auditory Gestalt perception." Neuropsychologia 99 (May 2017): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.03.026.

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Ritzinger, Bernd, Elisabeth Huberle, and Hans-Otto Karnath. "Bilateral Theta-Burst TMS to Influence Global Gestalt Perception." PLoS ONE 7, no. 10 (October 26, 2012): e47820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047820.

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Huberle, Elisabeth, Paul Rupek, Markus Lappe, and Hans-Otto Karnath. "Perception of global gestalt by temporal integration in simultanagnosia." European Journal of Neuroscience 29, no. 1 (January 2009): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06559.x.

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Keil, Andreas, Matthias M. Müller, William J. Ray, Thomas Gruber, and Thomas Elbert. "Human Gamma Band Activity and Perception of a Gestalt." Journal of Neuroscience 19, no. 16 (August 15, 1999): 7152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.19-16-07152.1999.

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Lee, Yong-heon, and Tai-wan Kim. "Emoticon Design instance Analysis Using Visual perception of Gestalt." Journal of Communication Design 72 (July 31, 2020): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25111/jcd.2020.72.04.

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47

Sonesson, Goran. "Pictorial semiotics, Gestalt theory, and the ecology of perception." Semiotica 99, no. 3-4 (September 1, 1994): 319–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/semi-1994-993-405.

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Flores Sierra, Ernesto Bayardo. "LAS AGNOSIAS Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA FORMACIÓN HISTÓRICO- CULTURAL DEL PSIQUISMO." Revista Cognosis. ISSN 2588-0578 1, no. 3 (August 26, 2016): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/cognosis.v1i3.248.

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El presente artículo analiza la formación de la percepción como un fenómeno social, estableciendo un diálogo entre las tesis de la escuela de la Gestalt, los estudios respecto al Test Gestaltico Visomotor y los aportes de la escuela de la psicología histórico- cultural soviética. Propone además el estudio de las agnosias desde la mencionada perspectiva, leyendo en las mismas alteraciones a los fenómenos culturales de la vida psíquica. PALABRAS CLAVE: Percepción; agnosias; psicología; histórico-cultural; Gestalt. ABSTRACT This article analyzes the formation of perception as a social phenomenon, establishing a dialogue between the Gestalt school, the studies regarding the Visomotor Gestaltic Test and the contributions of the school of Soviet historical- cultural psychology. It also proposes the study of agnosia from this perspective, reading in the same alterations the cultural phenomena of psychic life. KEYWORDS: Perception; agnosias; historical-cultural; psychology; Gestalt.

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PURWINS, HENDRIK, BENJAMIN BLANKERTZ, and KLAUS OBERMAYER. "Computing auditory perception." Organised Sound 5, no. 3 (December 2000): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771800005069.

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In this paper the ingredients of computing auditory perception are reviewed. On the basic level there is neurophysiology, which is abstracted to artificial neural nets (ANNs) and enhanced by statistics to machine learning. There are high-level cognitive models derived from psychoacoustics (especially Gestalt principles). The gap between neuroscience and psychoacoustics has to be filled by numerics, statistics and heuristics. Computerised auditory models have a broad and diverse range of applications: hearing aids and implants, compression in audio codices, automated music analysis, music composition, interactive music installations, and information retrieval from large databases of music samples.

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Michaelsen, E., R. Gabler, and N. Scherer-Negenborn. "TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING URBAN PATTERNS AND STRUCTURES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-3/W2 (March 10, 2015): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-3-w2-135-2015.

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Intelligent urban design is a set of principles for desirable future urban structures. Existing urban structures can be analysed using remotely sensed images. In order to foster this analysis both in speed and objectivity automation is proposed in this work. Automatic Gestalt perception is distinguished from automatic knowledge-based analysis. Both will be required. For the Gestalt side an algebraic approach is utilized. This Gestalt algebra operates on a 6-D domain containing position, orientation, frequency, scale and assessment. It defines how to form aggregates from parts. Any Gestalt can be combined with arbitrary others, but good assessments are only achieved, if the parts are mutually in Gestalt-arrangements. There are operations for mirror-symmetry, good continuation in rows and rotational-symmetry. In this paper experiments are made only with mirror-symmetry and row-continuation. Example images of Thimphu, Bhutan and Phoenix, Arizona are obtained by use of Google Earth. The results are to a large degree in accordance with human perceptual grouping. Some illusory groupings not in accordance with human perception, as well as examples salient to humans which are not instantiated by the system, are discussed as well.

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