Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gestion de modifications'
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Soufi, Khaled. "Gestion de la propagation des modifications à travers des documents méthodes." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2006. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/475/1/SOUFI_Khaled.pdf.
Full textSoufi, Khaled. "Gestion de la propagation des modifications à travers des documents méthodes /." Thèse, Montréal : École de technologie supérieure, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/etsmtl/fullcit?pMR14406.
Full text"Mémoire présenté à l'École de technologie supérieure comme exigence partielle à l'obtention de la maîtrise en génie mécanique". CaQMUQET Bibliogr.: f. [57]-59. Également disponible en version électronique. CaQMUQET
St-Yves, Daniel. "Dépendances et gestion des modifications dans les systèmes orientés objet : utilisation des graphes de contrôle /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2007. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/30043118R.pdf.
Full textAlzein, Hussam Aldin. "Gestion de modifications de solutions de structure dans un système de c. A. O. Bâtiment." Chambéry, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CHAMS012.
Full textSt-Yves, Daniel. "Dépendances et gestion des modifications dans les systèmes orientés objet : utilisation des graphes de contrôle." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2007. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1285/1/030043118.pdf.
Full textClus-Auby, Christine. "La gestion de l'érosion du littoral dunaire aquitain." Bordeaux 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR30013.
Full textSaffache, Pascal. "Le littoral martiniquais : milieux, dynamiques et gestion des risques." Antilles-Guyane, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AGUY0035.
Full textThe evolution of Martinique's coastline is a source of worriness. Indeed, from 1955 to 1996, more than 90 kms of coast have receded of about 20 meters in average. At the bottom of bays and culs-de-sac, hundreds of thousands tons of sediments have piled up, thus encouraging the rising of depths and the necrosis of corals. The phenomena have continually grown ; until then, none had studied the various components of the coastline and their modes of functioning. Martinique's coastline is made up of four distinct physical entities : sandy and muddy coves, rivers and cliffs mouths. These four entities result from the same influences : earth, sea and submarine influences. The erosion of the septentrional coastline shows two characteristics. First, geological, bathymetric and hydrodynamic elements combine to erode the coast. Second, man's influence just amplifies those mentioned above. The modes of fattening of culs-de-sac are simpler, for they result from the erosive process of slopes basins completed by the fixing influence of plants growing on salt grounds and more usually by the geographic confinement. In spite of the disturbances created by these dynamics, there exists no regional policy of coast conservation. We propose to remedy it by modelling the coastline, by estimating the cost of coast damages and by systematically studying the environment before any regional development
Ouertani, Mohamed Zied. "DEPNET : une approche support au processus de gestion de conflits basée sur la gestion des dépendances de données de conception." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00163113.
Full textC'est à la gestion de ce phénomène, le conflit, que nous nous sommes intéressés dans le travail présenté dans ce mémoire, et plus particulièrement à la gestion de conflits par négociation. Nous proposons l'approche DEPNET (product Data dEPendencies NETwork identification and qualification) pour supporter au processus de gestion de conflits basée sur la gestion des dépendances entre les données. Ces données échangées et partagées entre les différents intervenants sont l'essence même de l'activité de conception et jouent un rôle primordial dans l'avancement du processus de conception.
Cette approche propose des éléments méthodologiques pour : (1) identifier l'équipe de négociation qui sera responsable de la résolution de conflit, et (2) gérer les impacts de la solution retenu suite à la résolution du conflit. Une mise en œuvre des apports de ce travail de recherche est présentée au travers du prototype logiciel DEPNET. Nous validons celui-ci sur un cas d'étude industriel issu de la conception d'un turbocompresseur.
Rivière, Arnaud. "Gestion de configuration et des modifications lors du développement de grands produits complexes en ingénierie concourante : cas d'application aéronautique." Grenoble INPG, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPG0041.
Full textThe occurrence of engineering changes during the development of new aeronautical products is inescapable. If they are not controlled, consequences on the project and on the organisation can be disastrous for the organisation. This research project is focused on the improvements, thesis is the proposal of a method to process as early as possible and more efficiently engineering change requests. This proposal is illustrated by the CM-EC prototype (Collaborative Management of Engineering Changes) which is based on four main features : an engineering change process library, an impact analysis method, a technical solutions assessment method and on virtual and shared workspaces
Colmellere, Cynthia. "Quand les concepteurs anticipent l'organisation pour maîtriser les risques : deux projets de modifications d'installations sur deux sites classés Seveso 2." Compiègne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008COMP1741.
Full textResearch on the reliability of high-risk systems shows that there are failures in organization which arise from the difficulties that engineers and technicians have in conceiving organization in relation to the technology used. This thesis treats the design process as a social, contingent and contextual construction. An analysis of the contribution of actors engaged in the modification of high-risk chemical installations shows that their anticipation of the organization in relation to the technical systems is partial. The social and dynamical perspective adopted reveals the strengths and weaknesses of organization and design practices in order to take account of the major professional risks. Moreover it questions the human and socio-economic costs of design in highly regulated industries where demands of profitability and competitiveness are additional to the requirements for risk management
Vermand, Stéphane. "Gestion des modifications podales et des pressions plantaires en ultra-trail par des semelles orthopédiques équipées de barres rétro-capitales métatarsiennes." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIMS005/document.
Full textMountain Ultra Marathon is causing many biomechanical, physiological, neuromuscular, postural and psychological alterations which can lead to certain injuries. However, there are few studies has been focused on the feet. In this context, we conducted three original studies. The first one, performed with 10 runners has shown that the front feet width and the plantar pressure under the forefoot has increased from the mid-distance of a 170km ultra-trail race (UTMB®). The overpressure under the forefoot is due to the forward displacement of the center of pressure which may increase the risk of stress fracture of the metatarsals. These changes that were observed until the end of the competition are probably related to the increase of muscular fatigue of the subjects. In opposition of these changes, we proposed to use moulded orthopaedic insoles that comprising a metatarsal retro-capital bar (MRCB) placed behind the metatarsal heads. The second study carried out in 48 runners has shown that this MRCB element allows to reduce the plantar pressures under the front feet during the standing support by moving backward the center of pressure, and also the hip, the shoulders and the head. The objective of the third study was to evaluate the immediate, short-term (after 4 weeks) and medium-term (after 12 weeks) effect of wearing MRCB insoles on plantar pressure distribution and joint kinematics during running with 10 runners. A similar control group of equal size used during the same period of training moulded insoles without orthopaedic element. This longitudinal study showed that the plantar pressures under the metatarsal heads were reduced immediately with wearing MRCB soles. After 4 weeks, this reduction was accentuated and the ankle's angle of flexion was increased during the stride support. After 12 weeks, the maximum knee extension was increased and most of these changes described aboved were also observed even if the subjects used flat insoles. Any significant changes have been observed in the control group whatever the test period. Regard to these results, we can advise long-distance runners that suffer of pain in the forefoot region to choose slightly larger shoes and to use MRCB orthopaedic insoles to reduce pressure under the forefoot
Carré, Juliette. "Le temps des paysages : évolutions paysagères et gestion durable des territoires en montagne pyrénéenne (hautes vallées du gave de Pau et du Vicdessos)." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20024.
Full textLandscape and sustainable development take an important place in the reflections on territorial management, but are rarely linked. However, linking the two concepts would likely renew the existing territorial strategies. This issue is approached here by a study of the history of landscapes in two territories of the Pyrenees. The study of these landscapes examines their multidimensionality and in their various temporalities. The objective is to contribute to the construction of a sustainable landscape approach and to put it at the service of the territorial actors. The approach uses three principal research methods: a reading of landscapes, a diachronic analysis of photography and a social investigation. The results obtained show the whole complexity of the developing relationships, in their long-term dynamic, between landscape forms, perceptions of landscapes, and the actions and policies carried out in the field of the territory, environment and landscape. This research shows that the question of the articulation between landscape and sustainable development is not evident. The relationships between development, are not considered in an integral way and with a long-term perspective. . However, this research also shows that the question of time is central in all reflection on the sustainable development and that the landscape is likely to constitute a tool for a better understanding and a better managing of the territorial dynamics in the future
Portes, Michel. "Du métier à l'institution, ou, Les transformations des mentalités associées aux modifications des modes de gestion dans l'industrie manufacturière canadienne de 1900 à 1930." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0019/MQ55789.pdf.
Full textGramond, Delphine. "Dynamique de l'occupation du sol et variation des usages de l'eau en Anatolie centrale (Turquie) au cours du XXe siècle : recherches méthodologiques basées sur l'analyse diachronique de données satellitaires et statistiques." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040225.
Full textThis work proposes to highlight and to characterize - through spatial and statistical data - the recent changes in the Turkish rural landscapes of the Beyêehir and Konya basins, located at the center of the high plateaus of Southerner Central Anatolia. Using remote sensing tools and techniques, the methodology of diachronical analysis applied to a series of satellite images and field information, allowed understanding the landscape at various scales and quantifying and qualifying the spatial changes. Sensitivity of agricultural plains to different natural (dryness, endoréism, etc. ) and human (irrigation, etc. ) factors dominating the current patterns were further highlighted through an analysis of hydrological dynamics and variation of resource management praticies. Due to large climatic variations, the hydrological natural balance of the central Anatolian closed basins had always been uncertain. From the beginning of the XXth century, human pressures on resources gradually increased, and further accelerated since 1960's, causing major mutations of land uses and important changes in social structures. The objective of this thesis is to interpret the landscape changes of the central Anatolian agricultural plains and the pace of their transformations during the last decades
Gafsi, Mohamed. "Ingénierie d'un processus de changement dans les exploitations agricoles : cas des modifications de pratiques agricoles pour protéger la qualité d'une eau minérale." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOE005.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the analysis of a process of change in farming practices undertaken on farms with a view to protecting the quality of a type of mineral water. The objective consisted of gathering information and reporting on the dynamic of radical transformation, in order to draw lessons for management research and for engineering change on farms. How are changes planned and implemented, and which conditions are most conducive the success of these changes? This question led us to adopt an interactive methodological approach, giving priority to on-going monitoring and observation of the farms with their participation. Our results show that : (1) endorsement by the farmer of the process of change not only depends on his plan of strategy, on the farm situation and incentives proposed to him, but also on the long-term interaction dynamics that exist between the farm and its partners ; (2) the availability of valuable resources, by creating development potential, improve the chances of success of change on farms ; (3) the result of a contractual relationship and its associated resources is long-term interdependence between the farms and their co-contracting parties ; (4) analysis of the transformation dynamic points to evolution in both how the change is engineered and how it is managed : on one hand, pre-conceived solutions make way for progressive elaboration, and on the other hand, individual management gives way to co-management by farmer and co-contracting party. We analyse this process of change in terms of how knowledge is confronted and produced. Thus we identify different methods of learning, the most important of which are based on individual experience and co-management. The change in farming practices thus appears as a process of planning and implementation, based on the interactions between the actor-groups involved. These interactions can include the confrontation of different branches of knowledge and of learning, the dimensions of power and differing interests. Analysis of these interactions means that the field of study concerning farm management can be extended based on a new conception of the farm : after as a structure and the farm as a system, we propose here the notion of the farm in a network
Lissak, Candide. "Les glissements de terrain des versants côtiers du Pays d’Auge (Calvados) : morphologie, fonctionnement et gestion du risque." Caen, 2012. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00781940v2.
Full textThe present study is focused on complex rotational-translationnal landslides occurring along the coastal slopes of Calvados. The landslides kinematics is characterized by slow and permanent activity ranging from a few millimeters to a few centimeters per year. The slow velocity can be affected by major accelerations explained by combined triggering factors as prolonged rainfall. The complexity of these phenomena is linked to their temporal and spatial heterogeneity dynamics. Furthermore, their location in urban coastal environment induces high socio-economic issues. For better understanding of these complex landslides processes, the study focused on: (1) the internal structure characterization with the help of geophysical, geotechnical and geomorphological data; (2) the hydrological and hydrogeological specificities of the slope with hydrodynamics characterization; (3) the kinematics of the landslides measurement from monitoring network to put in forward the spatial and temporal heterogeneities; (4) the identification of critical piezometric or rainfall threshold inducing acceleration; (5) the assessment of consequences and the risk management linked to several acceleration crisis. And finally the research focused on the actual element at risk and landslide extension possibilities
Basara, Noémie. "L'érosion des littoraux à falaises meubles en Bretagne : aléa, enjeux et gestion du risque." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0066.
Full textThe erosion of soft cliffs results from the denudation of inherited, superficial formations covering the current coastlines. Their retreat rate is unsteady and often smaller than on accumulation coasts. This type of cliffs represents, in Brittany, 20 % of the coastline. Although their evolution is not fully understood, urbanization and human activities have grown denser at the top of these soft cliffs and behind, in recent decades. This thesis addresses coastal erosion with a focus on coastal risks induced by current urbanization of these soft cliffs at regional scale. The analysis tackles the hazard, stakes and management components in order to assess erosion risk and to draw near the vulnerability of these territories.A systemic approach is adopted, nesting temporal and spatial scales, with the objective to identify the components contributing to the vulnerability of these coastal territories.A chronicle of erosion events at regional scale is produced to present the spatio-temporal distribution of erosion over the 20th and 21st centuries and to analyze the generating factors.Focusing on six representative sites, aerial photographs (between 1950 and 2015) and photogrammetric monitoring (from 2017 to 2019) allow a quantitative study of the kinematics of soft cliffs retreat. A new paradigm for assessing and mapping the erosion risk for soft cliffs is proposed.Finally, indicators for stakes and risk management allow assessing vulnerability at these sites, and a survey conducted among regional stakeholders identifies gaps in risk management policies. According to their type, soft cliffs show a range of erosion responses, controlled by a combination of subaerial and marine factors, including rainfall. In Brittany, their retreat threatens mainly residential and agricultural lands. The vulnerability indicators highlight the paucity of regulations, local management strategies, dialogue and public awareness. They allow a better understanding of the challenges raised by risk erosion management
Capanni, Romain. "Étude et gestion intégrée des transferts sédimentaires dans le système Gapeau/rade d'Hyères." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10187/document.
Full textThe Var beaches have been gradually reduced during the second half of the twentieth century and they survive mostly thanks to costly artificial recharge. In this context, the response of the environment and the risk intensity depend primarily on the sedimentary support provided by the coastal rivers. This study looks to quantify the role of sediments transported by the Gapeau with particular reference to its mouth and neighbouring beaches during flood and storm events. We study the solid load measured in the river, theoretical transport equations in the literature and the evolution of the channel and Hyeres’s coastal bathymetry during the last century and during events. These analyses reveal important retraction and erosion that has impacted upon the area since 1896 and the current low sediment supply. The estimated average annual sediment losses along the coast are higher than the average annual river sediment supply
Musereau, Jonathan. "Approche de la gestion des cordons littoraux : mise au point et application d’un indice d’érosion (Zone des Pertuis Charentais, France)." Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422116/fr/.
Full textMany coastal morphodynamics studies assume that environments are natural and that natural equilibriums are sometimes modified by human interventions, and are therefore studied as such. In this Ph D. , a different approach is developed, namely the description of behaviours of “artificial” coastal features forced by actual climatic conditions. In “la Zone des Pertuis Charentais”, three sites, where past interactions between natural and anthropogenic processes resulted on a historical seaward progression of the coastline, were selected: the lagoon of La Belle-Henriette, the coastal dune of Saint-Trojan and the beach of Marennes. On these sites, present environmental evolution induces strong erosion, notably during storms events. Local coastal managers call out to the relevancy of methods used for the prediction of such hazards, because of their practical limitations. To answer this social demand, a simple formulated storm index, locally tuned and freely implemented, was developed. The method has been tested using an archive dataset (from 1999 to 2009) and proved to be successful for predicting erosion events (numerous cases in the recent years)
Nabet, Fouzi. "Etude du réajustement du lit actif en Loire moyenne, bilan géomorphologique et diagnostic du fonctionnement des chenaux secondaires en vue d'une gestion raisonnée." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01001675.
Full textHuteau, Charlotte. "Le déplacement en zones côtières : entre anticipation et gestion des risques naturels : perspectives juridiques." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LAROD002/document.
Full textCoastal areas have always been attractive for their economic potential and their touristic and residential interest. They have been massively settled in countries all over the world. However, while coastlines are weakened by human impact, they are also subject to degradations due to climate change. Besides the sea-level rise, often emphasized by the media, we must consider the erosion caused by storms and hurricanes. The current context is strongly marked by the question of the environmental displaced persons who do not have any status. This situation can be illustrated by the small island states whose territory is threatened by the sea-level rise. Thus, the issue of managing these problems in respect with human rights arises to an increased extent. The challenge of this work, supported by different country profiles: Bangladesh, USA, France, Small Island States (including the Maldives, Kiribati, Tuvalu), is to seek the root causes of this dilemma that has become so intense that it leads to displacement, and then to promote and facilitate adaptation in-situ or adopt new displacement policies that are no longer perceived as a failure but as an adaptation strategy towards risks. This change of perspective intends to mobilize legal tools from various branches of law (Urbanism, Insurance, Liability and humanitarian law, etc.). It also intends to respect principles to ensure anticipation and acceptance of the approach by the people. With the study of these examples, we must identify these commons elements and take into account the specificities of each country and each community
Aouiche, Ismail. "Dynamique morphosédimentaire de la baie d’Agadir : approche multi-méthodes et préconisations pour une gestion intégrée de la zone côtière." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3017/document.
Full textCoastal systems where sediment transport is perturbed by engineering interventions on the shoreline and shoreface commonly provide fine examples liable to throw light on these links. This is especially so where shoreface bathymetric datasets, which are generally lacking, are collected over time, enabling more or less fine resolution of the meso-scale coastal sediment budget. Agadir Bay and the city of Agadir together form one of the two most important economic development poles on the Atlantic coast of Morocco. Using a combined methodological approach based on wave–current modelling, bathymetric chart-differencing, determination of shoreline fluctuations, and beach topographic surveying, we highlight the close links between variations in the bed of the inner shoreface and the bay shoreline involving both cross-shore and longshore sand transport pathways, sediment budget variations and new sediment cell patterns. This work discusses also the morphological changes and evolution of Agadir Bay beach (Morocco) in response to eight storms between January 2014 and March 2014. A comparison is carried out of the evolution and variability of the beach in a sector of the bay protected by the commercial harbour of Agadir relative to a sector down drift of the harbour that is more exposed to waves, and changes affecting the beach following these storms are examined. Wave influence is evaluated using numerical simulations. The results show that despite being of relatively low intensity, the two first storm events, and especially storm 1, are responsible for major beach morphological changes
Chaudron, Clémence. "La flore de l'interface route - champ cultivé : Influence des pratiques de gestion de la structure du paysage." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR1501/document.
Full textRoad verges constitute the main herbaceous and linear habitats of arable landscapes. They represent a refuge for different species, but also constitute a habitat for weeds considered problematic. The aim of this thesis was to measure the effects of landscape structure and management practices on the flora of the road-field boundary. Our results suggest that plant communities of road-field boundary have a time lagged response to landscape changes. The study of the vegetation and of seed dispersal showed that late mowing was not the optimal method to promote plant diversity on road verges and that mowing practices also influenced the flora of the inner field margin. To limit the cross-influence of management practices, we recommend well thought out strategies at the scale of the road-field boundary
Ghodbani, Tarik. "Environnement et littoralisation dans l'Ouest algérien." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083042.
Full textThe thesis deals with the problem of intensive coastal growth and its impacts on environmental in the western coast of Algeria, "From the slope of the Dahra Mountains eastward to Oued Kiss Westward". It focuses on the man – environment relationship by combining the knowledge of physical geography to human geography. It analyzes the different modes of occupation of the coastal area, and addresses the interactions between different components of the landscape at the ecological, economic and social level. The thesis is structured in three parts, and includes analysis based on case studies. The first deals with environmental issues by three entries: the disruption of coastal dynamics, the loss of biodiversity and degradation of the natural landscape. The second focuses on explaining the causes of degradation through the study of littoralization and its various mutations at the regional and local level. The third and final section is devoted to the study of management tools, the main actors involved and the use conflicts around the issue of environment and coastal land, in order to end up finall to a set of proposals for an integrated management of coastal areas in Algeria, in general, and the west coast in particular. Two methods are applied: one diachronic and the other multiscalaire. The diachronic, deals with evolution over time, of the interactions between coastal occupation and natural landscape. The multiscalaire, deals with an analysis of various phenomena through several layers of scales, from local to global, and vice versa
Jabbar, Marie. "Dynamiques morpho-sédimentaires des avant-plages et impact sur les stocks sableux : vers une meilleure stratégie de gestion des risques côtiers." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0108/document.
Full textThe global phenomenon of coastal erosion, occurring especially on sandy coasts, tends to increase coastal risks in areas with key issues and concerns. In this context, stocks management strategies within sandy hydro-sedimentary coastal cells have appeared to be potential solutions to the local management of coastal erosion and their associated risks. However, despite their importance to determine management strategies, the dynamics of nearshore (submerged part of the cell) geomorphology remain poorly studied and partially understood. This PhD thesis aims to provide a better understanding of nearshore geomorphology in some specific sites and to contribute to the development of coastal risk management strategies.The study of multi-temporal bathymetric surveys at century-scale and annual-scale highlights significant evolution of the Brittany nearshore morphology from the beginning of the 20th century until today.In particular, a striking result is the reversal of the morphological evolution tendency in the mid-20th century. During the first half-century, the situation is steady, though nearshore morphology has a slight tendency toward accumulation. During the second half-century, we measured a net erosion tendency for all the survey sites. Interpretation and discussion of these results allow to determine the forcing of the nearshore morphodynamics, among which are climatic (coupled ocean-atmosphere) events, anthropogenic impacts and structural constraints
Touili, Nabil. "Adaptation des zones côtières aux changements climatiques : Cadre opérationnel de renforcement de la résilience, appliqué à la gestion des risques d’inondation au niveau de l’estuaire de la Gironde, France." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV104/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the flood risk management and the adaptation capacities of coastal areas, in regard of the climate change.Currently, the flood hazard vulnerability is aggravated by both the climate change phenomenon and the huge exposure, of people and assets, in risk areas. In the general framework of Theseus european project, this research work has particularly focused on the Gironde estuary, in France, as a case study.The aim of this work is to provide an alternative framework of adaptation for the flood risk management, in regard of the climate change related uncertainties.In this order, our research is initiated by anexploratory study , of the local perception toward the flood hazard, followed by the analysis of the current flood risk management, as a set of structural and nonstructural measures.The published papers, included in this report, summarize our results and illustrate our iterative approach between the field data collection and the theoretical concepts analysis.This thesis research has led to put forward an operationnal framework to enhance the resilience applied to land use planning, warning systems and evacuation plans, business recovery plans, insurance programs and post trauma management
Dritsas, Sophoclis E. "Organisation et gestion du littoral - évaluation des ressources humaines : réfugiés environnementaux et aménagement du territoire en Europe et en Méditerranée : Etudes de cas : La Gironde (L’estuaire) en France et Thessalonique (Les deltas d’Axios-Loudias-Aliakmonas) en Grèce." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0078/document.
Full textThe present thesis seeks to define a conceptual framework in order to examine the populationmovements related to environmental risks. For about twenty years, several terms haveemerged to describe thedisplaced people such as: environmental refugees, eco-refugees,climate refugees or eco-migrants. The terms and the status attributed to these populations arelargely dependent on the nature, strength and speed of the environmental event contributing totheir displacement. It is therefore necessary to specify the criteria in order to avoid anyconfusion and to be able to assess the physical flows generated by the environmentaldisasters. Our analysis is focused on the risks of submersion and inundation along the coastand in the delta areas associated with rise in the sea levels. In view of these increasing risks, it is absolutely necessary to set up a "proactive strategy", based on the triptych protection -prevention - anticipation. For each type of risk considered, this strategy requires, beyond thedelimitation of the geographical areas concerned, quantification and qualification of thepotentially affected populations. Consequently, the main aspect of our problematic combinestwo types of vulnerability:the firstdue to environmental disasters’ risks such as floods and thesecondto increasing population pressure. Finally, we chose to examine in our study two areashighly subjected to flood risks such as the Gironde estuaryin France and the Axios -Loudias-Aliakmonas Deltas in Central Macedoniain Greece trying to estimate the potential size ofpopulation movements in 2025 and 2050
Paysant, Guillaume. "Approche géographique des trajectoires paysagères des hydrosystèmes secondaires de l’ouest de la France : Etude de l’Aubance et du Couasnon en contexte ligérien." Thesis, Angers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANGE0051.
Full textIn France, major landscape changes have taken place in the last 70 years, in connection with the economic development and with post-Second World War agricultural modernization policies. These have had significant impacts on the landscape of secondary hydrosystems, "ordinary" areas in western France. Taking into account the environment incurrent policies generates projects which models are often antagonistic to the transformations linked to the development of agriculture in the second half of the XXth century. The secondary hydrosystems are then subject to strong mutations over a relatively short period of time and are at the center of conflicts integrating uses and perceptions of rivers that are different and not always compatible.Through the study of their landscape trajectories, we explored the impacts of changes in uses and the lastest land use policies on secondary hydrosystems. Geomorphology, farmers' initiatives and protection areas of natural and cultural heritage are among the factors involved in landscape trajectories, at different scales. By highlighting the production conditions of the current landscapes and the factors involved, by emphasizing the importance of local contexts, we hope to bring new geo-historical knowledge that can inform future development projects
Rioux, Jérôme. "Effets de la coupe avec la protection des petites tiges marchandes (CPPTM) et de la coupe avec la protection de la haute régénération et des sols (CPHRS) sur la faune de la pessière noire à mousses de l'Est." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24072/24072.pdf.
Full textTanguy, Corinne. "Apprentissage et innovation dans la firme : la question de la modification des routines organisationnelles." Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN11009.
Full textIn evolutionary's theory, the firm appropriation of technology needs the aquisition of specific and tacit knowledge which is developped during learning process. Furthermore, knowledge is embedded in routines which constitute firm's organizational memory and guide the development of firm's activities and particularly innovation. In this way, changes and improvements of products and processes in firms depend on routines replacement, i. E. On organizational learning process. At the opposite of evolutionary's theory, we consider that the renewal of routines is realised progressively during firm's activities instead of being a previous adaptation for a new technological learning path. The techno - organizational learning concept provides a theoretical background to explain the concomitant construction of technological capabilities and organizational competences into the firm. So, the routines' modification during the unlearning - learning process constitutes a potential source of innovation. This innovation (the problem - solving) can be organizational if it concerns the organizational's component of technology (management's practices, work's organization) ; but it can be technical if it leads to a change of the product conception or to an improvement of process
Pecchioli, Bruno. "Modification de la valeur nominale des actions et gestion de l'actionnariat : le cas français de 2003 à 2007." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN22003/document.
Full textMany studies, essentially Western, have tested hypotheses for split/reverse splits announcements over the past few decades. Two major hypotheses emerge from these studies. The "signaling hypothesis" assumes that the split announcement (ad) allows listed firms managers to convey to the market private information concerning future cash flows. The "price adjustment" hypothesis aims a more operational objective. According to this hypothesis, the operation is a means for adjusting the stock price in a way to impact liquidity and risk or to satisfy the various investor classes. More recent works observe, in addition to the price impact and volatility or liquidity effects, a modification in the ownership structure of the firms, resulting from these operations. Realized empirical studies and mobilized event study techniques in our works show that these two classical hypotheses are difficult to apply to the French market. Observations on this market lead to expand the research problem to the possible link between securities price level and shareholding composition. An original hypothesis is then proposed, modeled and tested. This hypothesis of "shareholding adjustment by the stock price" explains why reactions are such different on this market, as well as the managers' incentives. The choice of the "optimal" share price can be seen in this context as a trade-off between the increased performance from institutional investor monitoring and the benefits in terms of required rate of return to have a broad individual shareholder base
Kouakoua, Ernest. "La matière organique et la stabilité structurale d'horizons de surface de sols ferrallitiques argileux : effet du mode de gestion des terres." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10016.
Full textLabelle, Réal. "Les contrats de dette et le processus politique, déterminants de la décision de modification comptable : le cas des entreprises canadiennes." Grenoble 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE21070.
Full textThe arguments of positive accounting theory are used to generate and test the hypothesis that the use of accounting information a) in covenants of debt agreements and b) by participants in the political process may influence the accounting policy of some canadian firms. This study uses econometric analysis with a research design which groups firms into three categories according to whether they volontary changed their accounting policy or not and to the effect of the change on financial results. Our results indicate that there exists a difference in the level of leverage used by the firms which made accounting changes to increase their benefits and the others in the direction predicted by the theory. These results are inconsistent with the general evidence provided by similar studies conducted in the united states (see holthausen and leftwitch 1983) with regard to the effect of the firm's political visibility on its accounting policy
Adésir-Schilling, Michèle. "L'herbe, le poisson et le riz : transformation des paysages et dynamiques paysannes dans le Kotiya (Delta central du Niger, Mali)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010577.
Full textSince 1968, persistent water deficits severely reduced the flood plains and natural resource base of the inland delta of Niger in Mali. In the Kotiya, a region situated in the heart of this complex watershed, the extended drought has had tremendous effects on the agricultural landscape, as witnessed by the underlying socio-economic changes. In this region of low population density, natural resources have traditionally been shared between the bozo fisherman and the transhumant fulani herdsmen. Despite deteriorating climatic conditions, inhabitants of the kotiya were able to take advantage of reduced flooding levels to develop a substantial rice-based agricultural system. The continuation of sufficient flooding attracted neighboring populations who were forced to migrate from nearby droughtafflicted regions and resettle in the kotiya. Interested by the ample natural resources still available, these settlers created new areas of resettlement in the kotiya referred to as daaka. These changes resulted in increased competition for the scarce natural resources and limited space which led to land disputes between herdsmen and agriculturists. As a result, ethnic conflicts have begun to pose serious questions concerning the future of herding activity in the region. Within this context of exceptional variability and change, affected populations were obliged to adapt by changing their socio-economic activities and their allocation of natural resources. Data from this system were collected, integrated, analyzed and compiled into a geographic information system (gis). The gis was found to be an efficient tool providing insight into the complex nature of the relation between man, space and time in the inland delta of Niger in Mali
Oueichek, Ibaa. "Conception et réalisation d'un noyau d'administration d'un système réparti à objets persistants." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345359.
Full textFortier, Julie. "Développement d'une activité de loisir en tant que moyen de gestion autonome des périodes libres auprès de trois sujets souffrant de troubles mentaux sévères et persistants hospitalisés dans une unité psychiatrique." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008.
Find full textBarb-Brandouy, Olivier. "Modification des frontières du groupe de sociétés, variation des conditions concurrentielles et impact sur la richesse des actionnaires." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO0463.
Full textThe link between modification of a group's frontiers and the richness of its shareholders is still problematic. This work proposes the experimental corroboration, in the laboratory, of a theoretical modelisation that explains this link. This last one uses a strategic desequilibrium concept, in order to show how a group, transforming its frontiers, should create value. The desquilibrium is formalised from market power confrontations. It is put in with the sharing of margins between rivals. Two particular effects are underlined: the first one comes from the rising of the + net participation to the domination -npd-; of a firm on an industrial sector, the second one explains the role of + reciprocal insurances -ri- ; in the group. Some managerial tools are produced, making the main concepts operational results invite to further tests in an experimental universe. This universe provide numerous facilities for collecting non-noised data that are proper to falsify a predictive modelisation
Fortier, Julie. "Développement d'une activité de loisir en tant que moyen de gestion autonome des périodes libres auprès de trois sujets souffrant de troubles mentaux sévères et persistants hospitalisés dans une unité psychiatrique." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2773.
Full textHabhouba, Dounia. "Assistance à la prise de decision dans le processus de modification d'un produit en utilisant la technologie "Agent logiciel"." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1826.
Full textSilva, Weider Robeson. "Aplicação dos conceitos de gestão de projetos e sistemas enxutos na revisão de processos de modernização de elevadores." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264330.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Este estudo é resultado de um trabalho de revisão de processos numa empresa fabricante de elevadores, intitulado BPR ou em inglês Business Process Review. São explorados, conceitos e ferramentas para aplicação em um estudo de caso numa empresa fabricante de elevadores. O problema central é o processo de orçamentação de produtos altamente configuráveis na linha de negócio de Modernização, que sofre de atrasos, falta de controle e custos decorrentes de erros de processo. Com a aplicação de técnicas adequadas de Manufatura Enxuta e Gestão de Projetos, o Processo de orçamentação é redesenhado e implementado. O método de desenvolvimento desta mudança no processo é escopo deste trabalho e bem como a verificação dos resultados da implementação
Abstract: This study is result of a business process review performed in elevator manufacturing company. Herein are investigated concepts and tools for BPR application in a Case Study. The main issues are: delays, extra-costs, lack of process control due to non structured process along the bidding process of highlycustomizableproductsusedin a businessline called Modernization. Through Lean Manufac turing and Project Management techniques, the bidding process was reviewed and implemented. The development method to implement the change is scope of this study as well results verificationafier the implementation
Mestrado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica
La, Rosa Airaldi Luis Antonio. "Notes on the Approval and Modification of Environmental Management Instruments of the Mining Sector: Background, New Criteria and Challenges from Normative News." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118432.
Full textEl autor muestra un panorama amplio del significativo papel que desempeñan los nuevos desarrollos en ciencia, tecnología e innovación (CTI) aplicados a la gestión ambiental de los proyectos mineros. Asimismo, analiza las nuevas disposiciones introducidas por los D.S. No. 054-2013-PCM y 060-2013-PCM, así como sus normas complementarias (específicamente, aquellas de relevancia ambiental para el sector minero), en el marco de las políticas de reactivación económica y promoción de la inversión privada que viene implementando el Gobierno. Además, plantea distintas situaciones prácticas y evalúa las respectivas implicancias ambientales que, muchas veces, las empresas mineras afrontan al momento de rediseñar o modificar los componentes de sus proyectos. Por último, analiza los criterios del Ministerio de Energía y Minas respecto de la normativa en materia de los instrumentos de gestión ambiental en el sector minero (IGA) y del nuevo régimen aplicable a la modificación de los IGA, así como los aspectos, alcances y medidas que se vienen adoptando y discutiendo con relación a la obligación de actualizar los estudios ambientales aprobados.
Champagne, Nancy. "Évaluation de la diversité entomologique au sol et effet de la modification de la gestion des végétaux sur les insectes le long d'emprises autoroutières de trois milieux différents (agricole, forestier et périurbain) dans le sud du Québec (Canada) /." Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/17733452R.pdf.
Full textEn-tête de t. : Université du Québec. Le chapitre 3 de ce mémoire est présenté sous forme d'article scientifique soumis à la revue scientifique "Annales de la Société Entomologique de France", sous le même titre par Nancy Champagne et Jean-Pierre Bourassa. Comprend des références bibliogr.
Champagne, Nancy. "Évaluation de la diversité entomologique au sol et effet de la modification de la gestion des végétaux sur les insectes le long d'emprises autoroutières de trois milieux différents (agricole, forestier et périurbain) dans le sud du Québec (Canada)." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4018/1/000104323.pdf.
Full textEl, Khoury Marwan. "Gestion de soi et addiction à la drogue : approche analytico-systémique d'un groupe de jeunes drogués en situation thérapeutique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG027/document.
Full textFollowing the path of their life, the drug addicts live the chaos; they fail to see the end of the tunnel. They don’t know how to think in a constructive way, to take advantages of opportunities and to develop plans well determined to be achieved. The adoption of the drug addicts self-management can help to develop his capacity of observation, reflection, analysis, self-control… Regarding the obtained results, we note the followings observations: 1. The drug addicts show more cognitive difficulties than the non addicts. 2. The addicts show less self satisfaction than non addicts. 3. The drug addicts show a much more positive emotional stability than non addicts. 4. The drug addicts show as well a more negative and developed emotional stability than non addicts. The self-management helps the drug addicts to integrate the pleasure in the relationships as it may help to apply the acquired qualities and to prepare new experiences
Sinane, Kamardine Mohamed. "Les littoraux des Comores, dynamique d'un système anthropisé : le cas de l'île d'Anjouan." Thesis, La Réunion, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LARE0027/document.
Full textIn the context of climate change and sea level rising, the activities of coastal communities can increase the vulnerability of the seashore to coastal erosion particularly in small developing islands as Anjouan in the Comoros archipelago where the human density on the coast is quite heavy. This thesis focuses on sandy beaches, studied as a system. The monitoring of topographic profiles of beaches and landscaped geoindicators show that a large part of the sandy coast of Anjouan is very degraded and eroded. The erosion is mainly localized to areas of high human pressure, including beaches subjected to the extraction of sediments . Combined with natural hazards, the erosion due to human activities generates serious damages for the economy, society and environment of Anjouan, including the degradation of ecosystem services on which the government could draw to initiate the development of the island . To reduce the vulnerability of the coastline to erosion, walls are built with the financial support of international and regional bodies, but they are inefficient and the risk of coastal degradation is even greater. For beach users, causes erosion are to be found in the work of the man and not in nature. Minimizing this risk requires socio-economic measures to reduce anthropogenic degradations. This study shows that a policy of ICZM in Anjouan in the Comoros and elsewhere will only be effective if those responsible for its implementation take into account local realities and perceptions of coastal users
Themeli, Andrea. "Etude du potentiel d'emploi des bitumes naturels dans la production des liants bitumineux durs et des enrobés à module élevé." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD020.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the potential of a natural bitumen (NB) mined in Albania in the production of hard bitumens (HB) and that of high modulus asphalt concrete (HMAC). Various petroleum refining techniques are available for the production of HB. Nevertheless, this is impossible with some crude oils. In addition, HB from refineries often present shortcomings which limit their applications. These reasons, coupled with practical issues related to HB supply, motivate the research of alternative methods. In this industrial context it is interesting to use NB. This study has shown that the Albanian NB provides HB and HMAC in accordance with European Standards, resistant to aging and relatively performant at low temperatures. The proper dosage of this NB allows the formulation of materials of desired properties, in response to the technical requirements of the considered road applications, facilitating in this way the use of bitumen stocks in asphalt concrete production plants
Bujold, Frédéric. "Impacts de l'éclaircie précommerciale sur le lièvre d'Amérique dans la sapinière à bouleau blanc de l'Est /." 2004. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=845761621&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=9268&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textBecker, Maria Catarina Sousa. "Programa de gestão e controlo do peso do Ginásio Clube Português." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14051.
Full textAccording to ACSM (2014), excess weight and obesity are characterized by excess of fat mass, with BMI being the most common criterion for classifying and distinguishing them. Associated with these conditions are numerous chronic pathologies including Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), various forms of cancer and various musculoskeletal problems. Physical Activity and Exercise have been shown to be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity, leading to numerous changes in body composition, cardiorespiratory capacity, functional capacity, and improvements in health and psychological well-being. The experience of internships at the Ginásio Clube Português was, undoubtedly, a learning process that I take to life and that in the future I will apply at a professional level. It should be noted that I was given all the tools for this process to be completed successfully, and all thanks to the excellent supervision and conditions provided by both the institution and the multidisciplinary group involved. Some objectives were established in order to facilitate the entire internship process, and with the end of it i can say that it was possible to fulfill them in the best possible way and with the resources made available. This report addresses the issue of Weight Control and Management, and all the work developed over one year traineeship.