Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gestion de stock'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Gestion de stock.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Massonnet, Guillaume. "Algorithmes d'approximation pour la gestion de stock." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00992384.
Full textHadj, Youssef Khaled. "Pilotage des systèmes de production à flux mixtes : production à la commande et production par anticipation." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECAP0951.
Full textKwai, Pun Carole. "Gestion des stocks automatisée à l'officine : un exemple : le logiciel Jonathan." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2P104.
Full textMichel, Sophie. "Optimisation des tournées de véhicules combinées à la gestion de stock." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13324.
Full textCounil, Sophie. "La gestion de stock des médicaments dans un DOM : exemple de la pharmacie du CHU de Fort de France." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2P013.
Full textYapo, Acho Théodore. "Ruptures de stock dans le commerce de détail : coûts et opportunités." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR1EC06.
Full textSahu, Rabin Kumar. "Cadre général et méthodes d’optimisation pour la planification de stock en contextes industriels." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I019.
Full textReplenishment is one of the major activities which also incurs substantial costs. Its objective is to ensure adequate product availability at the demand points (either warehouses or point-of-sales) so that the associated cost is minimized. In practice, different optimization problems are encountered depending on the industry. In this dissertation, we propose a framework for generalized solution development for such diverse problems. Our contribution in this regard are in three areas. First, we propose a classification scheme for the optimization problems to facilitate common solution development. We take inspirations from Graham’s notations for scheduling problems.Secondly, we list key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess the performance of inventory management systems. We define a total of ten KPIs distributed under three categories: financial, operational and service and examine their usefulness. On the evaluation side, we examine the difficulties in comparing the performances of two inventory management systems and propose a simulation method to assess the relative performance.At last, we propose optimization methods for different replenishment problems. We first divide the optimization problems into two broad groups: long-term and short-term. The long-term group covers most strategic and some of the tactical decisions and the short-term group covers most operational decisions. We focus mainly on the short-term planning problems. These are again divided into two parts: single-item replenishment problems and multi-item (joint) replenishment problems. For the first class of problems, we propose a sample-based method for stationary demand and full backorder. The method is extendable to include additional problem parameters. We also propose a method based on dynamic programming for the general problem with non-stationary demand and the problem with supplier selection. For the second class of problems with multiple items, we focus on the replenishment planning problems during promotions in the presence of multi-item prepacks. We propose to address it in two phases. First, we propose a multi-objective approach that can be solved with CPLEX for small to medium size problem instances. For large problem instances, we reformulated the multi-objective problem into a single objective one. Then we propose a metaheuristic to obtain near optimal solutions in real time.One common thread of this dissertation has been to facilitate industrialization of the proposed solutions. Indeed, from the review of existing literature, we found that large gaps exist between academic consideration of inventory optimization problems and their use or maturity level in industries. We found that only 5% of the rigorous literature having some practical backing. This is primarily because of simplistic nature of the problem considered for research. This is justified since all the problem parameters cannot be considered in the mathematical model so that the model is solvable. On the contrary, one aspect that is ignored in practice is the practical viability of the solution and validation. Users increasingly want to scrutinize the results given by the machine. However, most systems lack a reasonable explanation or the evaluation of alternate solutions. Advancement in these areas will result in more adoption of academic research in the industries. To overcome these limitations , we meticulously examined the real-world problem instances and identified different problem parameters. We select the single-item stochastic replenishment problem for the first industrial implementation. The solution method was extended to include lost sales, multiple batch-sizes and service level constraint. Further industrialization is underway
Perdigão, Martino Diego. "Stratégies d'optimisation pour le problème intégré de transport et de gestion de stock." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UCFA0139.
Full textInventory management and vehicle routing problems are logistic challenges that can significantly influence the efficiency and effectiveness of supply chain operations and should be well-coordinated and aligned. Handling both jointly is even more challenging when considering the number of customers to be served and the length of the time horizon. In the literature, this problem is known as the Inventory Routing Problem (IRP) and aims to find a minimum-cost solution that addresses both inventory and transportation problems simultaneously. The IRP was first introduced in 1983 by Bell et al. and have received a lot of attention from the OR community so far, which has introduced numerous extensions and provided datasets to favor research and fair comparisons.In research, some gaps exist, and the IRP is not an exception. Most works in the literature so far assume that the fleet of vehicles used for the deliveries is homogeneous and that the costs associated with product storage and customer needs are constant and equal over the entire time horizon, which is not in accordance with a real scenario. Also, a single-item delivery per period is often considered by the formulation, which is clearly not cost-effective.This thesis addresses the IRP and introduces a new variant that is closer to a real logistic scenario by incorporating a heterogeneous vehicle fleet, customer demands, and inventory holding costs that are period-dependent. Additionally, it considers that customers may prefer receiving products in batches rather than in single units. For that, a new set of instances is introduced to handle these new features. This novel variant, named the Heterogeneous Inventory Routing Problem with Batch Size (HIRP-BS), is studied using three approaches. The first one is a mathematical formulation that extends a flow formulation initially designed to handle the HIRP-BS characteristics. New variables and constraints are then required to consider the new incorporated features. Not surprisingly, the formulation is not capable of handling large-scale instances and even the medium-scale ones are hard to solve in a timely manner. The second method is an iterative algorithm which decomposes the original IRP into as many sub-problems as periods of time are considered. The idea is to solve the sub-problems in chronological order such that at each iteration (except for the first, which corresponds to the first period), it uses the solution obtained in the previous as a starting point for the current one. The changes are limited by an input parameter to accelerate convergence. The overall idea is that for a given period, the following iterations should require smart modification of the previous solutions of the partial problem already solved and that the number of changes should decrease once it approaches the end of the time horizon.The third method is a split-based metaheuristic that decomposes a multi-period sequence of customers, called a giant tour, into routes that are assigned to a period and a vehicle type. The contribution leads to a new multi-period Split algorithm. It starts with the computation of the estimated quantities and periods for the replenishment, assuming the delivery operations at the latest possible moment. It allows the definition of a giant tour that is evaluated through a Split algorithm responsible for defining feasible solutions for the problem. Then, a local search mechanism dedicated to the routing problem takes advantage of classical route-based operators. Lastly, a post-optimization phase is considered, and slightly improve solution quality in terms of inventory and routing aspects based on a solution distance notion. Results are promising in terms of convergence and can provide valid upper bounds in a reasonable time even for the large-scale instances proposed
Li, Jie. "Évaluation et optimisation des performances des systèmes de production distribution." Metz, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2006/Li.Jie.SMZ0610.pdf.
Full textThis thesis considers a production-distribution system made up of a set of production sites and distribution centers connected by the transport facilities. Each distribution center is managed by a given stock management policy. The aim is to find the best parameters setting of the stock management policy through the whole network in order to optimize the overall performances of the production-distribution system while taking into account the finite production capacity, the customer service requirement, the transport time, and the random customer demand. The results obtained during this PhD thesis allowed to develop a methodology of optimization for the parameter setting of inventory control policies management in the production-distribution systems. Thus, we proposed a simulation based optimization approach which computes the setting that minimizes the overall inventory cost of the production-distribution system, while taking into account fill rate constraints. The approach iss validated by a large number of numerical experiments
Louzeau-Dumortier, Odile. "Approche stock-flux du marché du travail : marchés internes et mobilité intersectorielle." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100114.
Full textAlemany, Juliette. "Développement d'un cadre bayésien pour l'évaluation de stocks à données limitées et élaboration de scénarios de gestion, cas particuliers de la seiche (Sepia officinalis) et du lieu jaune (Pollachius pollachius)." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC229/document.
Full textThe assessment and the management of fish stocks aim at achieving a sustainable exploitation of the resources provided by the oceans. While progress have been made in this field for some stocks of great commercial importance, the situation is different for the so-called “data limited” stocks. Often historically less exploited, these stocks do not benefit from the same economical resources nor workforce to conduct the stock assessments required to set management measures. This work is based on two case studies, pollack (Pollachius pollachius) and cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis). The aim is to investigate the stock assessment methods adapted to data-limited situations. A first introductive part presents the background of fish stock assessment as well as the two case studies. This first chapter is followed by a review of data-limited stock assessment methods. The third part compare the results of a two-stage biomass model with the results of a multi-annual generalized depletion model applied to the English Channel stock of cuttlefish. An improved version of the Bayesian two-stage biomass model is also presented. In the fourth part, a Stock Synthesis model based on integrated analysis methods is applied to the stock of pollack in the Celtic Seas Ecoregion. The results are compared to the results of simpler models which require less data. The Stock Synthesis model results are sensitive to the assumptions on the natural mortality value, which relies on the growth parameters of the stock. The fifth part presents the collection and analysis of new data which will allow a better estimate of pollack stock status. A Bayesian hierarchical model is constructed, allowing information transfer between three stocks and the update of pollack biological parameters. The last chapter concludes this work by summarizing the main results. The discussion is extended to the research perspectives
Mjirda, Anis. "Recherche à voisinage variable pour des problèmes de routage avec ou sans gestion de stock." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VALE0023/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of optimization problems in the transportation domain. We first address the inventory routing problem and we consider the traveling salesman problem with draft limits in a second part. In both cases we have developed methods based on the variable neighborhood search to solve these NP-hard problems. We have proposed several efficient neighborhood structures and solving frameworks. The global evaluation of the proposed approach on sets of benchmarks available in the litterature shows a remarkable efficency and effectiveness. In particular, our algorithms have improved the results obtained by the current best approaches for these two problems
Jemai, Ziad. "Modèles stochastiques pour l'aide au pilotage des chaînes logistiques : l'impact de la décentralisation." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECAP0924.
Full textSiala, Beji Mariem. "Un modèle distribué pour la gestion du stock disponible dans les réseaux de distribution multi-niveaux." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ISAL0031.
Full textThe Available-to-Promise (ATP) fonction is an important element to manage the relationship between a company and its current and prospective customers. The initial role of this fonction is to provide product availability information in order to promise customers' order requests. The purpose of the present thesis is to improve this A TP fonction, within a multi-echelon distribution network. The suggested model is a distributed mode! based on horizons. For the short-term horizon, we suggest the Effective A TP fonction (ATPE). This fonction provides a better local stock management within the different entities of the distribution network. For the medium-term horizon, we suggest the Cooperative ATPE fonction (ATPE-C) which is based on a multi-agent approach, using the "Contract Net" protocoJ to assure the inventory redeployment between the different entities of the distribution network. In order to assess these fonctions we have developed a simulation tool which allowed us to show the e:fficiency of the suggested functi. Ons as weil as to study the impact of the system and the agents' cooperation degree on the global and individual performances
Duri, Christelle. "Etude comparative de gestions à flux tiré." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0006.
Full textBernier, Vincent. "Sur une nouvelle politique de gestion de flux : le cadencement reséquençable." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0112.
Full textAssane, Soumare. "Gestion de la production à coûts concaves : quelques problèmes liés à la possibilité de rupture de stock." Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090014.
Full textLefaudeux, Frédérique. "Gestion internationale d'une ressource naturelle renouvelable : étude d'un stock halieutique localise en zone commune à plusieurs pays." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100039.
Full textSoumare, Assane. "Gestion de la production à coûts concaves quelques problèmes liés à la possibilité de rupture de stock /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601313s.
Full textVigier, Audric. "Développement d'une plateforme d'évaluation de plans de gestion spatialisés : application à la pêcherie mixte démersale du golfe de Gascogne." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0033/document.
Full textNorth-East Atlantic fisheries management goes towards a regionalisation, accounting for mixed fisheries technical interaction. Hence, understanding and assessing the spatio-temporal dynamics of exploited species and the fleets exploiting them is needed. This study aims to provide a tool to assess the effects of several management scenarii in the Bay of Biscay. lt fouses on North-east Atlantic northern hake stock (Merluccius merluccius) and the mixed demersal hake - sole (Solea solea) - Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) Bay of Biscay fisheries.A Management Strategy Evaluation (MSE) framework has been developed, pairing a spatial northern hake stock assessment model, and an operating model (lSlS-Fish) simulating the Bay of Biscay mixed demersal fisheries.A Management Strategy Evaluation (MSE) framework has been developed, pairing a spatial northern hake stock assessment model, and an operating model (lSlS-Fish) simulating the Bay of Biscay mixed demersal fisheries.The spatial assessment model estimated northern hake abundance, recruitment and fishing mortality spatio-temporal variations, despite the estimation procedure sensitivity to initial point.The operating model incorporates all the current knowledge on the fisheries. lt has been calibrated following a multi-criteria approach, ensuring the reproduction of hake catch on 2010-2012. The Management Strategy Evaluation framework is not operational, although it highlighted discrepancies between both models dynamics at the fishery scale, and illustrated northern hake management through TACs potential effects on the fishery, in a landing obligation context. These results and improvement axes are discussed
Bras, Laurent. "Analyse théorique et empirique de la régulation des systèmes de production et de stock : la mise en oeuvre des méthodes à flux tendus dans l'entreprise IBM." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10010.
Full textApres avoir fonctionne selon des logiques de planification, les producteurs occidentaux sont tentes aujourd'hui d'appliquer les methodes "juste a temps", developpees par les japonais. La these debute par une analyse comparee de ces deux approches, qui montre leur complementarite et motive la recherche, l'experimentation, puis l'industrialisation de principes et de supports de gestion appropries. Tous ces travaux ont ete appliques a la fabrication des grands ordinateurs ibm, a montpellier, et ont abouti a une logistique europeenne, desormais hydrique, plus flexible et moins couteuse
Selles, Jules. "Incertitude et gestion économique des pêcheries internationales : application à la pêcherie du stock Est de thon rouge de l'Atlantique." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT3006/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis is concerned by the economic management of internationally shared fisheries and the key role of uncertainty in the management process of fishery resources. First, we review the literature on the optimal management of fish stocks for different types of uncertainty occurring throughout the management process. We draw a connection between the definition of harvest control rules that are empirically determined and feedback solutions from bioeconomic models. We discuss six sources of uncertainty and determine the corresponding generic harvest control rules and their relative precautionary approach. Secondly, we evaluate the optimal management for the Eastern Atlantic Bluefin tuna stock (Thunnus thynnus). With an age-structured model similar to the current stock assessment models defined by the Regional Fishery Management Organisation, we analyse the exploitation path maximising the net present value of the fishing rent. Our results indicate that adopting a new management policy based on maximum economic returns could meet both conservation and economic objectives, even in the presence of stock measurement uncertainty. Finally, we address the issue of cooperation in the management of Atlantic Bluefin tuna by using an economic experimental approach. Building our experiment on a stylised representation of Bluefin tuna management, we show that the threat of a regime shift fosters more cooperative outcomes and a more precautionary management of resources
Connan, Ghesquiere Chantal. "Les ruptures de stock : comportements du consommateurs, facteurs d'influence et satisfaction vis-à-vis du magasin." Nancy 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN22001.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to provide a better understanding of the processes influencing consumer behaviour during stockouts. By influencing, we mean all processes and factors which lead the consumer - concerned by the stockout - to choose one particular type of behaviour rather than another and improve or reduce his/her satisfaction with respect to the point of sale. Whilst the first marketing models of consumer behaviour were restricted to the choice of one type of behaviour, we are suggesting a broader framework including the consumer's psychological moods with respect to the product required when he/she enters the store : a state of mind enabling him/her to conclude that the goods are out of stock, or not. Our model also includes the various factors which could have an impact on the choice by the consumer of a particular behaviour as well as the effect of the behaviour adopted by the customer on the satisfaction felt regard to the point of sale. The effect of out-of-stock on the consumer is first tested empirically through an exploratory qualitative study in order to select the factors to be studied. Our research assumptions are then tested using data collected during an empirical study in the field. The data is processed by an analysis of multiple mappings then by logistics regressions. We therefore demonstrate the influence of several factors and especially the interaction between the factors. Lastly, the satisfaction survey in the store reveals that postponing the purchase is the behaviour leading to geatest satisfaction with respect to the store after observing the out-of-stock
Simon, Maximilien. "Modélisation hiérarchique bayésienne pour l'évaluation des populations de thonidés : intérêts et limites de la prise en compte de distributions a priori informatives." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGPT0080/document.
Full textModelisation of the population dynamics of tunas and tuna like species for stock assessment is facing two issues. (1) The hypothesis of proportionality between Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) and abundance (constant catchability). CPUEs from commercial fisheries appear to be the only relative measure of abundance in spite of their lack of representativity of the abundances of the populations. (2) The lack of informative data for the modelisation of the Stock-Recruit (SR) relationship, which leads to constraint this function on its steepness. The introduction of fisheries-independent sources of information is investigated in order to relax the assumption of constant catchability and to provide better justification of steepness choice for the SR relationship. The Bayesian statistical framework allows the consideration of additional information a priori via informative distributions (priors). This work investigate the elicitation of informative priors for demographic parameters and parameters related to the catchability of fishing gear, as well as the use of these priors into a surplus production model. The cases of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) and of the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares}) were taken as examples. The large natural variability of pre-recruits mortality rates limits the use of life history traits for eliciting priors for demographic parameters. In addition, the SR relationship for tuna is challenged by a steepness value close to 1. It appears that informative priors on catchability parameters, in a hierarchical surplus production model, reduce uncertainties in the diagnosis on the status of tuna stocks. We show that the status of the Atlantic yellowfin tuna stock is more critical taking into account upward trends in the main fishing gears catchabilities. We conclude that prior elicitation is a reliable tool to take into account additionnal information and to improve tunas stock assessment
He, Yun. "Problèmes de tournée avec prise en compte explicite de la consommation d'énergie." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30165/document.
Full textThe thesis studies the Inventory Routing Problem (IRP) with explicit energy consideration. Under the Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) model, the IRP is an integration of the inventory management and routing, where both inventory storage and transportation costs are taken into account. Under the new sustainability paradigm, green transport and logistics has become an emerging area of study, but few research focus on the ecological aspect of the classical IRP. Since the classical IRP concentrates solely on the economic benefits, it is worth studying under the energy perspective. The thesis gives an estimation of the energetic gain that a better supplying plan can provide. More specifically, this thesis integrates the energy consumption into the decision of the inventory replenishment and routing. It starts with a part supplying problem in car assembly lines, where the transported mass, the vehicle dynamics and the travelled distance are identified as main energy influencing factors. This result is extended to the classical IRP with energy objective to show the potential energy reduction that can be achieved. Then, an industrial challenge of IRP is presented and solved using a column generation approach. This problem put the limitations of the classical IRP model in evidence, which brings us to define a more realistic IRP model on a multigraph. Finally, a Lagrangian relaxation method is presented for solving this new model with the aim of energy minimization
Gayon, Jean-Philippe. "Commande optimale de systèmes de production par anticipation." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ECAP0957.
Full textJamel, Saadaoui. "Déséquilibres globaux, taux de change d'équilibre et modélisation stock-flux cohérente." Paris 13, 2012. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2012_saadaoui.pdf.
Full textSince the mid-1990s, we observe a global increase of current account imbalances. In 2007, before the climax of the financial crisis, they reached 2% of world GDP in absolute value. At the global level, the persistence of large current account imbalances is a threat to the macroeconomic and macrofinancial stability. This thesis analyses this phenomenon of global imbalances by using two complementary approaches : equilibrium exchange rates models and stock-flow consistent models. These two approaches can be considered as complementary insofar as they analyze the same problem from a different point of view. Equilibrium exchange rate models and particularly the FEER approach introduced by Williamson (1994) try to calculate exchange rate variations needed to reach a sustainable current account balance. Stock-flow consistent models à la Godley-Lavoie (2007) seek to analyze adjustments in terms of level of output and exchange rate dynamics in a context of imbalances. A return of large imbalances is not excluded. It appears that an international monetary cooperation aimed at preventing the return of large imbalances at the world and intra-European levels is a necessary condition to ensure global recovery
Martin, Flores José Maria. "Non-Regulatory Incentives and Bank Behavior : the Stock-market, Taxes and Social Capital." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01E022.
Full textIn the first chapter of this thesis, we study how stock-market forces determine the persistence of bank performance across crises. In this analysis, we observe that the persistence of business models that make banks more vulnerable across crises is not a specificity of publicly held banks but also applies to privately held institutions. However, for privately held banks, there is a group of banks that perform well across crises. This result suggests that stock-market listing may have adverse effects on the ability of banks to withstand crises well. To deepen this analysis, we look at banks that make a private-to-public transition between crises. Our results indicate that, after becoming publicly held, banks more subject to short-termist market pressures increase risk which makes top performer banks in one crisis more vulnerable to ubsequent shocks. In the second chapter, we study the effect of tax incentives on bank capital. We exploit a tax change that reduces significantly the unequal tax treatment between equity and debt with respect to interests and cost of equity deductibility and show that banks increase their equity ratios following this tax change. When this tax incentive is removed we observe a reduction of bank capital ratios. In the third chapter, we focus on bank misconduct. We document that social capital (defined as strength of civic norms and density of social networks where a bank is headquartered) is negatively related to the probability that a bank is involved in misconduct Moreover, we show that once misconduct is revealed, banks tend to lose greater percentages of deposits market-share in areas higher social capital areas
Turki, Mezghani Emna. "Problème de localisation-routage multi-dépôts, multi-véhicules à deux niveaux avec gestion de stock : application réelle de la société GIPA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080088.
Full textThis thesis presents a new problems inspired by a real case, we introduce two-echelon multi-depot, multi-vehicles Inventory-Location-Routing problem (2E-MDILRP) for a specific type of perishable product, proved to be NP-hard. In addition, we studied the taxonomy of the sub problems of 2E-MDILRP, and we propose the different constraints of perishable products. This taxonomy would, on the one hand, provide better understanding of the 2E-MDILRP of the perishable products, and on the second hand identify promising further research topics. So, a mathematical model has been proposed and validated using the OPL\Cplex solver for this new variant. Also, we proposed a specific heuristic developed with iterated local search algorithm (ILS) using to solve the new 2E-MDILRP problem. This is tested within a theoretical framework, the under a real empirical framework. The latter consists in optimizing the perishable product distribution and inventory. These developed methods have been tested on sets of instances of up to 4 main depots, 20 potential satellites and 200 customers, with two fleets of heterogeneous vehicles available at a rate of one fleet for each level. The results of our exact and approximate method show the efficiency of the approach
Constant, Olivier. "Adaptation de la stratégie de gestion du stock de neige aux conditions météorologiques, topographiques et à la fréquentation (Massif des Grandes Rousses)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10149.
Full textNowadays, Ski resorts are competing fiercely, on both an economic and offer point ofview. Always seeking for new fields and modifications of slopes, these organizations are looking at optimizing their exploitable domain. The first idea is to have a global understanding of the loss of an organization in order to extract the different issues. Most of these structures focus on improving their skiers' flow management, their snow packing, and their artificial snow canons. Ln that respect, new tools are available ; the Geographic Infonnation Systems. The approach that we chose is coupled with GIS and allows, through a GPS system, to read the characteristics of a domain in real time and hence make the right decisions. These systems are exhaustive and allow the improvement of cropping management and artificial snow production. They are dedicated to evolve to refine the diagnostic of the domain and provide users with clear and trustful infonnation. We will review all the necessary tools to implement this system and results that we can obtain thanks to our case study : le massif des Grandes Rousses
Charles, Mehdi. "Modeling and solving complex multi-item lot-sizing problems with inventory constraints." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSEM039.
Full textIn this thesis, we considered the capacitated multi-item lot-sizing problem with setup times and lost sales. We extended this problem to take into account important industrial aspects, especially with regards to inventory management. We first studied the end-of-horizon effects on optimal solutions of lot-sizing problems that, even on a rolling horizon, can lead to important additional costs. To reduce these effects, we have added a global minimum ending inventory constraint as well as a maximum ending inventory constraint for each item. These values were deduced from the analysis of a cyclical capacitated lot-sizing problem with setup times, whose linear relaxation can be analytically solved. Then, we modeled the inventory evolution within each period. This point is especially relevant when the storage capacity is limited. We added new inventory constraints to better respect inventory bounds when scheduling productions within each period. The constraints differ based on hypotheses on the shapes of evolution of production and demand. Numerical experiments showed that these new constraints enable to schedule production plans with a better inventory management. Decomposition approaches (Lagrangian relaxation, relax-and-fix) were developed in order to propose generic approaches to solve capacitated lot-sizing problems with setup times. An original use of parallelization was proposed in order to reduce the size of the subproblems to solve and to use Decisionbrain's tools.Finally, the parallelized relax-and-fix was implemented into DecisionBrain's optimization tool and tests were performed on industrial instances
Di, Giacomo Alexandre. "Rémunération des dirigeants et politique financière de l'entreprise." Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL20001/document.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to analyze the influence of CEO’s compensation package on the risk taking behavior of the firm. We focus on the financial incentives contained in equity based compensation and their interaction. Our sample consists of US firms for the period 1992-2005. The data come from the Compustat and Execucomp databases. The purpose of the first chapter explores the link between CEO’s compensation and the financial constraints of the firm. In a second chapter, we empirically analyze the effect of financial incentives on the risk of investment. We use Research and Development expenses level as a proxy of the risk of investment. In a third chapter, we focus on target debt leverage level determinants using a dynamic adjustment model. In the last chapter we analyze default risk determinants. The main result of this work is that the efficiency of risk incentive is highly dependent of CEO’s performance incentive reaching a given threshold
Babai, Mohamed Zied. "Politiques de pilotage de flux dans les chaînes logistiques : impact de l'utilisation des prévisions sur la gestion de stocks." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00275292.
Full textDans la première partie de ce travail, nous avons effectué une synthèse des politiques existantes en mettant en évidence leurs similarités et leurs différences. Ceci nous a permis de proposer une classification de ces politiques en se basant sur le type de l'information disponible sur la demande, ce qui représente un outil d'aide au choix de la meilleure politique de pilotage dans un contexte industriel donné.
Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail, nous avons effectué une extension des politiques de gestion de stock classiques, basées sur une approche de renouvellement de la consommation, à des politiques basées sur une approche de pilotage par les besoins futurs, ces besoins étant exprimés sous forme de prévisions. Ceci nous a permis de développer des nouvelles politiques dynamiques de gestion de stock sur prévisions basées sur la notion d'incertitude prévisionnelle. Nous avons également effectué une étude numérique comparative de ces politiques qui met en valeur les bénéfices de l'utilisation des prévisions de la demande dans le pilotage de flux. Par ailleurs, nous avons analysé les équivalences qui existent entre les différentes politiques de pilotage de flux, traitées dans le cadre de cette thèse, ce qui nous a permis de donner une vision globale plus cohérente de ces politiques et de mettre en exergue les relations qui existent entre elles.
Bahloul, Khaled. "Optimisation combinée des coûts de transport et de stockage dans un réseau logistique dyadique, multi-produits avec demande probabiliste." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00695275.
Full textMa, Shouyu. "Modeling and Analysis of New Extensions for the News-Vendor Problem." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC040/document.
Full textThe NVP (News-Vendor Problem) has been continuously studied over the last decades for decision making in manufacturing and service industries. Although a lot of work has been done in the NVP area, interest on this topic does not decrease. As new trends emerge in business, e.g. international flow of products and e-commerce, retailers are facing new situations and the literature of NVP needs to be enriched. In this work, we propose three new NVP extensions considering important issues faced by the NV: multiple discounts, product variety and assortment as well as drop-shipping and product return problems that are related to e-commerce. Our work adds value from earlier achievements in several aspects: relaxation of assumptions, consideration of new issues, new formulations and methodology as well as interesting insights. We formulate the models and give the optimality conditions of the order quantity. Useful insights are provided based on numerical studies.In particular, for dealing with overstock, we present a NVP model with price-dependent demand and multiple discounts. We prove the concavity of the expected profit on order quantity under general demand distributions. The optimal initial price and discount scheme are also analyzed. The product variety is treated in a multi-product News-Vendor Problem with demand transfer (the demands of products not included in the assortment proposed in the store are partly transferred to products retained in the assortment) and demand substitution between products that are included in the assortment, by focusing on the joint determination of optimal product assortment decision and optimal order quantities for products that are included in the assortment to optimize the expected total profit. For e-commerce, we consider a NV managing both a physical store inventory and a sale channel on internet that is fulfilled by a drop-shipping option, as well as the possibility of reselling products that are returned by consumers during the selling season. The concavity of the expected profit is proven and various results are obtained from a numerical analysis
Boutine, Mohammed. "Conception et mise en œuvre d'un système d'information et d'aide à la décision de gestion de l'activité de distribution : cas de l'entreprise publique algérienne." Grenoble 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE21001.
Full textModern methods of management have known a spectacular development in the theorical field. The advent of the computer have paved the way for the development of the now famous management information systems (mis), and interactive decision support systems remains short of expectation. Non utilization of the above mentioned systems is even more emphasized in the case of the algerian publique entreprise (ape) ; namely the organisation holding the monopoly of the steel and metallurgic products (smp). The existing computerised information systems (so called operational) in the entreprise, do not cover the totality of the organisation's activity ; on the whole they have considered slow and non viable. Data processing of supply and stock holding of (smp) remains, to this day, manual. As a consequence, we find that the tools of decision support systems are absent, and that the administrative machinery is very slow
Sadio, Oumar. "Evaluation de l'efficacité des Aires Marines Protégées comme outil de restauration des ressources marines et de gestion des stocks halieutiques : l'expérience ouest africaine." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0090/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the study of the effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) as restoration tools of marine resources and fish stocks management in tropical West Africa. The study involves three MPAs. The first one is the Bamboung MPA, a marine reserve located in estuarine areas (with marine influence), closed to fishing since 2004. The second is the Urok Islands MPA established in 2005 and located in the biosphere Reserve of Bijagos archipelago in the coastal part of Guinea-Bissau. It is divided into three areas and fishing is allowed there with a fishing pressure becoming stronger from the central area to peripheral area. The third MPA is the Banc d‟Arguin National Marine Park located along the coast of Mauritania. It was created in 1976 and fishing activities are restricted. Many AMP were evaluated worldwide and the results are in the main part positive. In tropical zones, the variability of environmental parameters affects the spatial and temporal organization of fish assemblage. Therefore, the MPA establishment in a tropical zone has raised questions about their effectiveness inrelation to the influence of environmental parameters. According to the AMP, spatial or temporal approach will be used to answer questions. Comparison analysis will be used. The analysis of biological data comes after those of the physicochemical parameters that show strong seasonal variability in each MPA. This result justifies the choice of seasonal analysis of biological data in order to minimize the influence of environmental variations.Regarding the Bamboung MPA, the results of global approach clearly confirm that it is an effective tool for restoring marine resources. The seasonal approach shows this role in cold season, but not in hot and wet seasons. In 9 years of protection, the Bamboung MPA contributed to attract big fish in the Bamboung bolon. The spillover effect in Bamboung MPA is not clearly demonstrated according to our results. A downward trend of biological indicators according to the distance to the MPA has been observed especially in hot season and wet season. Similarly, the analysis of indicators related to reproduction does not show that the Bamboung MPA improve fish reproduction. Regarding Urok Islands MPA and Banc d’Arguin National marine Park, the results do not confirm that these AMP are fish stock management tools (improved yields of fishing activities and fish reproduction). However, for Urok islands MPA the observed trends suggest a biomass concentration in the central area, an equilibrium role played by the intermediate area and a role of fish biomass provider of the peripheral area. For Banc d’Arguin National Marine Parc, the inside area seems to contribute to the enrichment of the external area by transferring fish biomass. Non-specific results could be explained by the small data collected in the MPAs. So the idea to conduct a short-term biological monitoring and to analyze reproduction indicators in population level has been considered for the three MPA to find clear results on their role in the management of fish stocks
Belarouci, Matthieu. "The relation between technical efficiency and stock returns : evidence from the US airline industry." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12028/document.
Full textThis investigation explores the relation between two performance measures: technical efficiency and stock returns. Technical efficiency and stock returns are complementary measures. While the abnormal returns - that is to say, the diffrence between the expected and the realized returns - measures the ability of the management at picking investment projects effiently, technical efficiency focuses on the management ability at implementing these investment projects. In addition, both recognize that the performance of the firm ensues from the exposure to common exogenous factors and from the management strategy specific to each firm. They propose in both cases a decomposition of the performance in pure managerial effects and exogenous effects. Through an application on the US airline industry over the period 1990-2012, the study reveals the value relevance of technical efficiency in stock valuation. In addition, the analysis of the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) decompositions based on Hicks-Moorsteen and Färe-Primont indicates that the effect of efficiency information on returns is twofold. First, the changes in pure technical effiency are related to the firms-specific returns. Next, technological change is associated with the variance of returns explained by systemic risks estimated with the Fama-French-Carhart model. Moreover, technological change is positively related to stock returns, while technical efficiency is negatively related. Given technical efficiency is persistent over the five consecutive years, results suggest that improvements in technical efficiency imply the reduction in the firm’s exposure to systematic risk. It results a reduction in the firms’ required rate of returns
Montès, Nicolas. "POTENTIALITÉS, DYNAMIQUE ET GESTION D'UNE FORMATION ARBORÉE À GENÉVRIER THURIFÈRE (JUNIPERUS THURIFERA L.) DES ATLAS MAROCAINS:le cas de la vallée de l'Azzaden." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00137746.
Full textl'Homme puise directement dans son environnement naturel les ressources nécessaires à sa survie.
Ainsi, bien que rarement autarciques, les villages de la Haute montagne marocaine n'en sont pas
moins tributaires de ce que leur offre le milieu, et plus précisément la forêt, que ce soit pour
alimenter ou soigner le bétail, pour bâtir les maisons et les bergeries, ou encore pour se chauffer et
faire la cuisine. Mais cette très forte dépendance vis à vis de l'arbre, à laquelle s'ajoute une forte
croissance démographique, a un prix, comme en témoigne l'intense dégradation des écosystèmes
forestiers.
A travers l'étude du peuplement à genévriers thurifères de la vallée de l'Azzaden (Haut Atlas,
Maroc), nous nous sommes donc attachés (1) à préciser les potentialités et les ressources de cet
écosystème méditerranéen de haute montagne: réserve ligneuse et productivité (développement
d'une méthodologie originale non destructive d'estimation de la phytomasse), cycle du carbone et
des éléments minéraux; (2) à déterminer le rôle du facteur anthropique dans les processus de
dégradation des sols et de la végétation (modélisation de l'évolution régressive du peuplement), et
dans les difficultés de régénération naturelle du Genévrier thurifère.
Au-delà de la portée locale d'une recherche ciblée sur une espèce menacée de disparition à court
terme, et des implications écologiques, économiques et sociales de la déforestation d'une petite
vallée du Haut Atlas, cette étude relève d'une problématique plus générale. La vallée de l'Azzaden
peut, en effet, être considérée comme un modèle de fonctionnement d'un écosystème méditerranéen
perturbé par l'action anthropique, les données obtenues renseignant plus généralement sur les
problèmes globaux de la steppisation, du surpâturage, de l'épuisement des ressources énergétiques,
de l'érosion des sols et des variations du stock carboné des milieux semi-arides.
Thiard, Florence. "Ordonnancement de ressources de transports : flow-shops robotisés circulaires et un problème pratique de gestion ferroviaire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM070/document.
Full textThe first part of this work deals with cyclic production for throughput optimization in robotic flow-shops, where a robot is in charge of the material handling of parts. Robotic cells may have a linear or a circular layout. Most theoretical results for the linear layout do not hold for the circular layout. In particular, the problem of finding the best one part production cycle (1-cycle), which is a polynomial problem for linear additive cells, has been proved NP-hard for the corresponding circular configuration.We mainly focus on a special case of circular balanced cells, where the processing times are identical for all machines. After presenting tools for cyclic analysis in circular cells, we study necessary properties of efficient 1-cycles. These results allow to conclude on the best one part production cycle for any parameters in circular balanced cells up to 8 machines. However, we provide a counter-example to the classical 1-cycle conjecture, still open for this configuration.Then, we study the structure of efficient one part production cycles in arbitrarily large circular balanced cells. We introduce and study a new family of cycles based on this structure, and formulate a conjecture on its dominance over one part-production cycles, which would lead to a polynomial algorithm for finding the best 1-cycle for circular balanced cells. This structure allows to settle the best one part production cycle for cells with up to 11 machines.In a second part, we present work on an industrial problem of railway stock scheduling proposed by the French railway company in the context of the ROADEF/EURO competition. We propose a greedy algorithm for this problem combining the various aspects of trains handling inside a station
Comelli, Michael. "Modélisation, optimisation et simulation pour la planification tactique des chaînes logistiques." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00730176.
Full textHamadène, Saïd. "Contribution au contrôle impulsionnel en information partielle." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066262.
Full textArnaud, Nicolas. "Construction et management de compétences collectives dans le cadre de relations interorganisationnelles : une approche communicationnelle. Le cas du secteur du transport de meubles neufs en France." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911306.
Full textYang, Yanyan. "Towards more efficient and resilient supply chain management through interconnection of logistics networks." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM036/document.
Full textIrrespective of significant performance achieved, today’s logistics networks are overwhelmingly dedicated to an actor and therefore poorly interconnected. This fragmentation exhibits inevitable inefficiency and needs to be changed in respond to today’s new arising challenges in efficiency and resilience. To solve this antagonism, an innovative concept - Physical Internet (PI) - has been proposed which is a fully interconnected, open, dynamic logistics system. In such a system, the facilities and means of transportation can be dynamically organized and allocated in the short-term or long-term according to the economic environment. As a result, decisions can be made dynamically, agilely, and thus optimally. This thesis studies the perspectives of the PI to inventory management and transportation regarding the challenges in efficiency and resilience.As the efficiency of the PI to transportation has been carried out in literature, the first objective of this thesis is to explore the potentials of the PI to inventory management. To this end, we firstly qualitatively examine the new practices brought by the PI and conclude three main characteristics: 1) Distributed stocks near end customers; 2) Transshipment of inventories; and 3) multiple dynamic source options. Corresponding inventory models and solutions are proposed and evaluated with numerical experiments in Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). This part of study gives a guideline for the vendors applying the PI to make inventory decisions in such an open logistic system.The second objective is to analyze the resilience of the proposed PI enabled inventory and transportation model confronted to disruptions. The proposed inventory and transportation model are extended with different disruptions at facilities including plants and hubs. Different disruption strategies are developed. Numerical studies in FMCG are carried out.In a word, this research investigates the inventory management in the PI and the resilience of PI enabled logistics models. It is the first time such a work is done and it should be upfront. From the results of studies, there is no doubt that the PI changes today’s supply chains design and improve the performance of supply chain management both in efficiency, effectiveness and resilience
El, aouadi Amal. "When CSR meets the stock market : the role of investor attention." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF10497.
Full textThis thesis consists of three empirical essays investigating the role of investor attention as a determinant of the relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and financial performance. Our aim is to rethink the controversial literature on the financial implications of CSR activities by exploring a new premise – investor attention may shape the financial returns on corporate social impact. Since a growing stream of literature has highlighted the role of firm visibility as well as stakeholder attention to connect CSP to financial performance in addition to the complementary literature of investor attention and stock prices, we expect that controlling for firm-specific investor attention would provide novel insights to the literature on the potential financial effects of CSP.A consistent strand of literature has provided interesting evidence of a strong relationship between the firm CSP and its stakeholders such as consumers, employees, suppliers, investors, analysts, activists and communities, and regulators, with the benefits being stronger, the greater the attention to and salience of social activities among stakeholders. We complement and extend this literature by implementing a more granular analysis and particularly we focus on the relevance of investors’ attention, a scarce and limited cognitive resource.This research is divided in four chapters. The first chapter is a survey of prior theoretical and empirical literature on the controversial debate of the relation between CSR and financial outcomes. We have particularly reviewed potential mechanisms that allow CSP to translate into CFP. Most importantly, we rely on studies claiming that firm visibility is a crucial factor to connect social impact to financial performance. Another argument of great appeal is the stakeholder attention theory as proposed by Madsen and Rodgers (2015) from which our research question draws its full legitimacy. Then, we have connected the literatures on attention, information, decision making and CSR to remake the CSP-CFP puzzle and highlight potential research hypotheses. A more readable view is provided by Figure 1 (later in this document) which integrates and synthesizes key predictors, outcomes, mediators, and moderators of the CSP-CFP relation by focusing on studies related to CSR and firm visibility thereby introducing the role of investor attention. Figure 1 is not an exhaustive conceptualization of all the intervening variables in this relationship but rather meant as a multilevel lens and guiding framework to which other variables can be added in the future. However, despite all the advancements in assessing the returns on CSR investments, this debate remains unsettled and has yielded conflicting results. Thus, we conducted three empirical essays on the relation between CSP and financial performance and particularly provide new and unique evidence on the role of investor attention to shape this controversial empirical issue. Therefore, in the first essay, we conduct a multi-country event study and investigate the impact of environmental, social and governance (ESG) news headlines on the shareholder wealth. We find that investors do not value positive ESG news headlines but negatively react to negative ESG news headlines. This result is consistent with the idea that social responsibility and irresponsibility are not the two sides of the same coin. Furthermore, evidence reveals that shareholders only react to negative corporate governance related headlines. This suggests that investors may be especially prone to attend to corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives that directly impact their own interests as previously suggested by T. M. Jones et al. (2007). Most importantly, investor attention was found to shape the punishment and reward of CSP, after controlling for the additional role of firm’s internal moderators such as firm size and advertising expenditure. [...]
Firoozi, Mehdi. "Optimisation Multi-échelon du stock avec incertitude sur l'approvisionnement et la demande." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0289/document.
Full textSupply Chain Management (SCM) is an important part of most companies and applying the appropriate strategy is essential for managers in competitive industries and markets. In this context, Inventory Management plays a crucial role. Different inventory systems are widely used in practice. However, it is fundamentally difficult to optimize, especially in multi-echelon networks. A key challenge in managing inventory is dealing with uncertainties in supply and demand. The simultaneous decrease of customer service and increase of inventory-related costs are the most significant effects of such uncertainties. To deal with this pattern, supply chain managers need to establish more effective and more flexible sourcing and distribution strategies. In this thesis, a “framework to optimize inventory decisions in multi-echelon distribution networks under supply and demand uncertainty” is proposed. In the first part of the research work, multi-echelon distribution systems, subject to demand uncertainty, are studied. Such distribution systems are one of the most challenging inventory network topologies to analyze. The optimal inventory and sourcing policies for these systems are not yet unknown. We consider a basic type of distribution network with a single family product through a periodic review setting. Based on this property, a two-stage mixed integer programming approach is proposed to find the optimal inventory-related decisions considering the non-stationary demand pattern. The model, which is based on a Distribution Requirements Planning (DRP) approach, minimizes the expected total cost composed of the fixed allocation, inventory holding, procurement, transportation, and back-ordering costs. Alternative inventory optimization models, including the lateral transshipment strategy and multiple sourcing, are thus built, and the corresponding stochastic programs are solved using the sample average approximation method. Several problem instances are generated to validate the applicability of the model and to evaluate the benefit of lateral transshipments and multiple sourcing in reducing the expected total costs of the distribution network. An empirical investigation is also conducted to validate the numerical findings by using the case of a major French retailer’s distribution network. The second part of the research work is focused on the structure of the optimal inventory policy which is investigated under supply disruptions. A two-stage stochastic model is proposed to solve a capacitated multi-echelon inventory optimization problem considering a stochastic demand as well as uncertain throughput capacity and possible inventory losses, due to disruptions. The model minimizes the total cost, composed of fixed allocation cost, inventory holding, transportation and backordering costs by optimizing inventory policy and flow decisions. The inventory is controlled according to a reorder point order-up-to-level (s, S) policy. In order to deal with the uncertainties, several scenario samples are generated by Monte Carlo method. Corresponding sample average approximations programs are solved to obtain the adequate response policy to the inventory system under disruptions. In addition, extensive numerical experiments are conducted. The results enable insights to be gained into the impact of disruptions on the network total cost and service level. In both parts of the research, insights are offered which could be valuable for practitioners. Further research possibilities are also provided
Gomes, José Luís Fernandes. "Gestão de stocks na Norparts." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20965.
Full textNum momento em que a concorrência e a evolução dos mercados são cada vez maiores, servir bem o cliente é cada vez mais importante. Assim, este trabalho baseia-se na aplicação de um modelo de gestão de stocks à Norparts, uma empresa do grupo Create Business. A Norparts, bem como todo o grupo, está ligada ao ramo automóvel, mais especificamente à comercialização de peças automóveis. A empresa tem cerca de 65 colaboradores, distribuídos por três armazéns, nas mais variadas funções. Estes armazéns localizam-se em Lisboa, Porto e Braga. Com o objetivo de aplicar um modelo de gestão de stocks, começou-se por estudar a análise ABC, já utilizada pela empresa, de modo a melhor adequar a metodologia ao trabalho desejado. Após esta tarefa, obtiveram-se resultados com um modelo de gestão de stocks estocástico e dados recolhidos ao longo do estágio realizado na empresa. O modelo foi aplicado não a todos os produtos comercializados pela empresa, mas apenas a alguns produtos específicos de acordo com os testes realizados acerca da distribuição da procura. Determinou-se a quantidade a encomendar, o stock de segurança e o ponto de encomenda, valores necessários para a redução de custos de armazenamento, evitando produtos desnecessariamente armazenados. Por fim, construiu-se uma ferramenta em Microsoft Excel, através do VBA. Esta ferramenta tem várias funcionalidades, entre elas o cálculo da quantidade a encomendar, do stock de segurança e do ponto de encomenda.
In our days competition and evolution are increasing day by day, so the duty to serve well the customer is more important than ever. Thus, this work will be based on the application of a stock management model to Norparts, a company which belongs to Create Business group. Like all the group, Norparts is attached to the commercialization of automotive parts. This company has about 65 workers divided into three warehouses, in the most varied functions. These three warehouses are in Lisboa, Porto and Braga. With the aim to apply a stock management model, we started by studying the ABC analysis, already used by the company, to adapt the methodology to the desired job. After this task, we apply a stochastic stock management model to the data collected during the internship at Norparts. The chosen model was applied only to some specific products. The order quantity, the safety stock, and the order point were necessary to storage cost reduction on unnecessarily stored products. Finally, a software in Microsoft Excel using VBA was created. This software has several features namely the calculation of the order quantity, the safety stock and the order point.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Jemaa, Sharif. "Étude de la structure des populations et du régime alimentaire de l'anchois européen (Engraulis encrasicolus) et de la sardine européenne (Sardina pilchardus) : relations avec l'environnement." Thesis, Littoral, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DUNK0391/document.
Full textThe European anchovies and sardines are subject to heavy fishing pressure and their stocks are either fully exploited or overexploited. This is partly because many anchovy and sardine fisheries are managed on the basis of geographical areas bounded by ICES, GFCM and other regional organizations without necessarily true coherence between these administrative boundaries and the biological processes. In this context, the main objective of the thesis is to explore the population structure of sardines and anchovies at small (regional) and large (distribution range) spatial scales from the analysis of the otolith shape. At a smaller spatial scale, we tried to analyze how oceanographic and geographic structures, such as, hydrological fronts and Strait, can affect population structure. At larger spatial scales, population structures revealed by the analysis of otolith shapes were compared and discussed with the results of genetic studies. The results showed more complex population structure in anchovies than in sardines. Unlike sardines, hydrological characteristics, such as, the hydrological Almeria-Oran Front (AOF) and the Strait of Gibraltar constitute barriers that limit the dispersal and mixing of anchovies. In managing stocks of sardines and anchovies, our results suggest new division and suggest a readjustment of stocks currently held. Population of small pelagic fish are known to be particularly sensitive to changes in the environment. The second part of the thesis is devoted to studying of the feeding ecology of sardines and anchovies at large spatial scale in the Mediterranean and North-eastern Atlantic. Anchovies and sardines are essentially zooplantonophages. they mainly consume copepods (59.4% of identified prey for sardines and over 78% for anchovies). Comparing diets suggests little overlap between the two species, particularly in areas of high biological productivity. However, in the Mediterranean, where the waters are known to be oligotrophic and thus unproductive, the trophic niches of the two species may overlap
Bouvard, Matthieu. "3 essais en finance d'entreprise." Toulouse 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU10032.
Full textThe first essay shows that adverse selection on the capital market affects incentives of entrepreneurs to engage in information acquisition through education or experience. The second essay models innovation financing as a sequential investment problem. Adverse selection on the capital market distorts investment timing and creates inertia. Optimal contracts can be implemented through stock options with a vesting period and severance payments. The third essay studies ratings or certification agencies and shows that reputational concerns have an ambiguous effect. When the perceived reliability of ratings is deficient, reputation has a disciplining effect and the precision of reports improves. However, agencies with a good reputation are too lenient
Badra, Yassine. "Equilibres de Nash en Prix avec Stocks d’Invendus, Monopole et Bien-être." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020066.
Full textAfter a general introduction and a survey of literature, the contribution of this thesis is to determine the role of the demand in the emergence of unsold stock of goods based on consumer’s preferences argument. Throughout the thesis, we consider a strategic game with two players under perfect information, certainty and price flexibility. Consumers are of two types: with appreciation to the display and without. A modified monopoly chooses both the price and the display. Chapter 2 presents an original model to determine the optimal markup for both elastic and inelastic goods (unlike the Lerner index that is used only for elastic goods). Chapter 3 is an extension of the previous one. It is about the determination of an optimal markup with the presence of unsold stock of goods. The fourth and final Chapter analyzes under which conditions an unsold stock of goods is supported by a pure strategy Nash equilibrium. All the models developed present a welfare analysis