Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gestion environnementale'
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Bonaudo, Thierry. "La gestion environnementale sur un front pionnier amazonien." Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003472.
Full textGauthier, Marc. "La gestion de la crise environnementale, vers un modèle d'intervention." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ26783.pdf.
Full textChnaifi, Abdel Hakim. "Les Banques de données en France analyse environnementale internationale : gestion et prospective /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376127469.
Full textChnaifi, Abdel Hakim. "Les banques de données en France : analyse environnementale internationale, gestion et prospective." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX30009.
Full textSavary, Saôde. "État de la gestion environnementale dans les PME de produits chimiques au Québec." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0016/MQ56968.pdf.
Full textDogui, Kouakou. "Indépendance des auditeurs et enjeux éthiques de la certification du système de gestion environnementale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29769/29769.pdf.
Full textThe ISO 14001 certification for environmental management systems provides businesses with social legitimacy. Since its creation in 1996, this particular standard has experienced an increasing popularity. However, its legitimacy is directly linked with the independence of the audit process, as well as with, among other factors, its direct link with the improvement of the businesses’ environmental practices and performances. Nonetheless, the fact remains that these questions have rarely been explored in the formal literature. Therefore, the goal of this qualitative research is to analyse, on the basis of interviews with professionals in the field of the ISO 14001 certification process, the various perceptions of the auditor’s independence, the ethical issues it raises, and its influence on the environmental practices of Canadian businesses. The social construction of the auditor’s independence is studied through various sensemaking strategies (Schutz, 1967; Weick, 1995), among other elements. These strategies rely on procedural mechanisms, stereotypes and a distancing process to create the illusion of trust and comfort as regards the auditor’s independence. The potential influence of the auditor’s compensation has also been analysed in this study, and the results show that the participants tend to legitimize the current compensation practices by relying on the user-pay principle, on professional conduct and on the existing processes in the field. This qualitative research also shows that, in the absence of formal rules regarding auditor rotation, having the same auditor working through several certification cycles can lead to certain relationship dynamics between auditor and auditee, which increases the client’s influence on the choice of auditors. While such permanence can have positive repercussions, it can also cause a social and technical familiarity which can, in turn, jeopardize the long-term credibility of the certification process. Lastly, the study shows that ISO 14001 certification audits are primarily concerned with procedural questions, and tend to neglect the more important issues linked to improving businesses’ practices and performances. Despite the social desirability biases inherent to the study’s goals and the participants’ answers, this qualitative research reveals true problems of conflicts of interest and lax practices that remain rarely discussed in the formal literature. In closing, the study suggests new avenues of research on the independence of all types of ISO certification audits. Key words: Audit, ISO 14001 certification, independence, auditor tenure, environmental management systems, financial dependence, sensemaking strategies, rotation, performance.
Tezanou, Jacques. "Evaluation environnementale et technique de la gestion des déchets ménagers de Ouagadougou : schémas de gestion et expérimentation de traitement thermique." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2253.
Full textDiallo, Bano Nadhèl. "Gestion environnementale au Fouta-Djallon : entre savoirs locaux et interventions de développement (République de Guinée)." Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30012.
Full textBoulanouar, Zineb. "L' arc sableux d'El Jadida-Azemmour : étude morphosédimentaire et approche dynamique pour une gestion environnementale." Brest, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BRES1006.
Full textDoyon, Sabrina. "L'environnement "révolutionnaire" : pratiques, discours et dynamique socio-environnementale de la gestion des ressources côtières à Cuba." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19499.
Full textAubert, Pierre-Marie. "Action publique et société rurale dans la gestion des forêts marocaines : changement social et efficacité environnementale." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00987319.
Full textPerez, Magali. "Développement de capteurs passifs pour le diagnostic et la gestion environnementale du cuivre en zone viticole." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3026/document.
Full textRepeated use of copper in Bordeaux mixture to fight against mildew has led to an accumulation of this metal in the vineyard soils. To assess the impact of this pollution, the quantification of this element in the soil is essential and more precisely the quantification of the bioavailable fraction which give an indication of the copper toxicity. For that, the passive samplers appear as reliable and efficient tools. However, due to diffusion principles which control the uptake by passive samplers, an optimization of the geometry seems to be necessary and induced this study through the development of a new passive sampler: the DMG (Diffusive MilliGels). The synthesis by millifluidic process confers a unique geometry; DMG are composed of ellipsoidal beads of around 1 mm diameter. First of all, their physico-chemical parameters were characterized and analytical methods and the exposure time were optimized as well. DMG were then tested for an environmental application and their ability to sample the labile fraction of copper was thus demonstrated. Namely, analysis of freshwater by DMG allowed highlighting the influence of organic matter on the fraction retained by this passive sampler and their ability to evaluate the copper toxicity was confirmed. For that, a living organisms Ceriodaphnia dubia was exposed in the same condition during a comparative ecotoxicological study. Moreover, the comparison between DMG, DGT and a Chelex column method showed the advantages of our developed method particularly for in situ application. Finally, a series of experiments on vineyard soils was performed to reveal the abilities of DMG in copper sampling in this complex matrix
Jodoin, Emmanuelle. "L'impact sur les entreprises de la certification à la norme environnementale ISO 14001." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1999.
Find full textGiraudo, Stéphane. "L' intégration de la contrainte environnementale dans les entreprises concurrentielles : conditions et avantages des stratégies de protection de l'environnement." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0032.
Full textThe aim of this doctorate is to understand how competitive companies perceive environmental goods and take them as a productive input in their economic calculation to deploy strategies of environmental protection. We began with an analysis of environmental materials and a re reading of environmental Public Policy to be aware of the different strategies set up by a company with a special view on statutory law and self regulation. We will focus on the environmental management system and will study the system of a world leader of his industrial sector and we will see how it reduces its environmental impact. We will study how an environment management system of a company is an integrated part of a global management of that compagny
Gross, Hélène. "Analyse managériale des rapports entre nature des outils et action pour la gestion agri-environnementale : Le cas de la gestion durable des ressources pastorales." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0044/document.
Full textManagers of pastoral areas find difficult to manage both pastoral and environmental resources. This issue raises the general question of the management of natural resources that take uncertainty into account and that of tools to be designed to help practitioners with this type of management. My aim is to contribute to our understanding of the way in which the cognitive content of a tool structures the user's action. One result is an analysis grid to explain the cognitive and managerial content of tools. The application of this framework to pastoral management tools shows that paradigms and postulates on which the tools are based strongly determine the action framework and that users adjust and supplement them with their own knowledge to adapt them to their use situation. These results contribute to reflections about these tools design
Atherley, Michelle Dale. "L'organisation de la fonction de gestion environnementale, une étude de cas : le secteur des pâtes et papiers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0018/MQ57389.pdf.
Full textLE, NY ODILE MARIE. "Les politiques de gestion des ressources humaines dans les pme : caracteristiques et contingence environnementale analyse sectorielle comparative." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT4007.
Full textModernization of economy, evolution of markets, introduction of new technologies. . . Environmental changes bring out the importance of human considerations in every action supposed to improve organizational performance. Actually, the future of any enterprise is nowadays based as much on behaviours towards organization and human ressources than on characteristics of external environment. The pme is more concerned by these external constraints and menaces. Its small dimension induce difficulties to increase assets, consequently, immaterial investment must to be more important, exactly human ressource skills must be developed. The object of this research is to increase the knowledge of contingencial relations between human ressource management policies and the technico-economical environment. This study is based on analysis of empirical informations collected beside forty two french pme. It appears that the acquisition, stimulation and development policies' reality is multi-dimensional. Task environment's incertainty and hostility are revealed the prevailing explonatory factors of noted behaviours towards human ressources
Faucher, Alexandre. "Évaluation environnementale des programmes d'efficacité énergétique de Gaz Métro." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30544/30544.pdf.
Full textJalali, Jihen. "Contribution à la gestion environnementale des zones de stockage des phosphogypses en Tunisie : traitement par association bioaugmentation / phytoextraction." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4104.
Full textThe present work aims at solving the environmental problem raised by phosphogypsum (PG), thanks to a potentially invasive and cheap approach which relies on the use of living organisms (plants and microorganisms). Two objectives are pursued: i) extracting contaminants from PG to reduce the environmental risk and ii) valuing rare earths. The phytoextraction method associated with bioaugmentation are applied to Cd and Sr (environmental objective) and Ce, La, Nd and Y (economic objective). As a first step, an assessment of the environmental impact of all PG depository sites in Tunisia is carried out, with the physico-chemical analysis of soils adjoining PG deposits, as well as the bacterial and plant communities which naturally colonize sites. Among the present plant species, The Zygophylum album accumulates the most metal trace elements (MTE). As a second step, the isolated bacteria from on-site samples are evaluated for their ability to tolerate the studied MTE, their ability to mobilize MTE through the production of siderophores, including pyoverdine, and to stimulate the plants growth through the production of indole acetic acid (AIA) and degradation of the ACC deaminase. The most successful bacteria are associated with commercial plants (Trifolium pratense and Helianthus annus) which are grown on a PG-Compost mixture. Both plants mainly accumulated Sr and to a lesser extent Ce, La and Nd. The coupling of Bacteria-plant help stimulate plant growth and increase the bioavailability of the studied MTE, except for Cd
Le, Clec'h Solen. "Spatialisation des services écosystémiques en contexte de front pionnier amazonien : analyse critique d'un outil de la gestion environnementale." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20029/document.
Full textTo implement ecosystem services, key notion of environmental management, more and more actors have turned to quantification and mapping procedures. Because of its operational dimension that seems to be natural for many actors,ecosystem service mapping is often considered as an already operational and neutral tool. Yet, cartographical representation involves choices that are not neutral. Since mapping can raise doubts and technical limitations that often reflect in the notion itself, it can be seen as a way to critically analyze the notion. This thesis aims to study the mapping toolapplied to ecosystem services in order to understand their potential contribution to environmental management. To do so, it critically analyses the methodological dimension of the ecosystem service notion and its mapping. Furthermore, it aims topromote understanding of the relationships between human practices and the state of the natural environment, notably through the determination of factors of control that enable the quantification of ecosystem services. This thesis is based on the study case of deforestation areas in the Brazilian Amazon, where the landscape has been changing rapidly andrecently. Based on satellite images at high and moderate spatial resolution and on sampling data, statistical methods are implemented in order to map one or several indicators of ecosystem services. The results obtained allow the understanding of spatial repartition and the structure of these indicators, in connection with the way farmers use their land and the structural components of the territory. They also highlight the limitations and issues underlying the notion of ecosystem services and its implementation
Couvidat, Julien. "Gestion d'un sédiment de dragage marin contaminé : Caractérisation de la réactivité biogéochimique, valorisation en mortier et évaluation environnementale." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0091/document.
Full textMillions of tons of sediments are dredged every year leading to a need for a sustainable management. Both studied sediments, stored in anoxic conditions under a layer of water (raw sediment), and in oxic conditions submitted to natural weathering (weathered sediment), showed high contamination of copper, lead and zinc, concentrated mainly in the finer fraction. Reactive phases such as sulfides and organic matter were observed, with which copper and zinc are partially linked. An innovative experimental set-up coupling an oxygen-consumption test with a column leaching test has been developed; this set-up highlighted the sulfides reactivity which is still occurring in the weathered sediment, despite years of natural aging. The biological component of this reactivity has been also studied, through a qualitative assessment of the impact of iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria on pH and Eh of sediments. Although high amount of carbonates responsible for important neutralization potential were detected, bacterial community of neutrophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria has been able to lower the pH until 4.5 – 5 units. This reactivity is controlled by submitting both sediments to a stabilization/solidification treatment with hydraulic binders. Environmental assessment with kinetic test in weathering cells and monolithic leaching test demonstrated that trace metals appear well stabilized for both sediments. Thus, their valorization in cemented mortars has been assessed. When total sediments were fully substituted to sand, they showed poor mechanical strength. However, when a sieving treatment for removing of the fine contaminated fraction was applied, the sediments mortars revealed good mechanical strength for use in non-structural applications. This research confirmed thus that the reuse of the coarser fraction of a marine sediment, raw or weathered, offered an efficient and interesting way of treatment and valorization
Niang, Pathé Marame. "Les processus participatifs dans la gestion des écosystèmes en Afrique de l'Ouest : une contribution à la démocratie environnementale." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROD003/document.
Full textThe participative processes basing on the principles of information and participation regarding environment contribute to the environmental democracy in Africa the West. This contribution is made beyond the implementation of these principles in the management of the ecosystems, by the research for an environmental social justice and the attempt to implement (operate) the principles of good governance in the service of the management of the ecosystems and the respect for human rights in the field of the environment. However, so that the participative processes make a better contribution to the environmental democracy in western Africa, it is necessary that the legal framework of the participation of the public is clarified. This legal framework concerns as well the access to the information, the procedures of participation of the public in the decision-making and in the management regarding environment, but especially to offer the possibility to the public to be listened by the justice or by of other one methods of payment of the disputes regarding environment and regarding management of the ecosystems
Singla, Laure. "L'approche juridique contemporaine de la gestion des ressources naturelles mondiales." Thesis, Perpignan, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PERP0019/document.
Full textThe conquest of space since the fifteenth century allowed the recognition of the principle of sovereignty of States over their natural resources. The XXI century is facing the depletion of global fossil natural resources and the pursuit of new. Tensionsaround the world present management of natural resources posed the finding of a weak legal regulation, and the idea of adopting other governance based on a new mode of management. The other approach, intergenerational would be based on a reasoned management in the sense of rational, balanced and adapted endemic systems. But this shift puts the issue of the management of global natural resources at the heart of intergenerational priorities. The XXI century then allows to reflect on the legal recognition of the principle of interdependence between Man and Nature. But this legal thinking isa contrario of public policies and traditional management methods. Europe has initiated an effective response. France followed by the adoption of the charter of the environment, the laws say Grenelle I and II, the Law on energy transition. SomeAndean States have included this principle in their constitutions. The contemporary legal approach to the management of global natural resources and returns to other modes of governance and to notions of endemic areas of common public interest. Global environmental legal issues while based on new proactive security policies, strengthening existing ties of cooperation to face the multiplicity of sources of authority and power
Aguilar, Ibarra Alonso Lim Puy. "Les peuplements de poissons comme outil pour la gestion de la qualité environnementale du réseau hydrographique de la Garonne." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000099.
Full textLarroque, Claire. "La gestion des déchets par les sociétés industrielles au regard de la problématique environnementale : enjeux éthiques, sociaux et politiques." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H229.
Full textThis thesis aims at examining the ethical, social and political issues raised by waste management of industrialized societies. Philosophical analyses of waste management generally adopt a symbolic approach that tends, in one hand, to ignore political and social issues and, on the other hand, to disregard the human-nature relation since environmental issues of waste management are limited to technical sphere. Yet, I suggest that this dual approach must be criticized and question the idea that technicians should deal with the waste treatment while philosophers (or sociologists) should only considerer the symbolic significance. This work argues that waste management of industrialized societies is not only a technical issue since its continuously in relation with the social sphere and among other things raises issues of justice. In this regard, I support that the environmental issue caused by waste management can only be grasped if we assume a conception of nature as community: when wastes affect (unevenly) the environment in which people live, wastes also have an impact on the populations because people nurture interdependent relationship with their environment. Once this has been established, I demonstrate that a cultural vision of environmental inequalities should be defended in order to identify and determine normative principles of waste justice
Ngnikam, Emmanuel. "Evaluation environnementale et économique de systèmes de gestion des déchets solides municipaux : Analyse du cas de Yaoundé au Cameroun." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0032.
Full textThe evaluation of environmental and economic impact of urban waste management systems is the objective of this work. The case of Yaoundé is analyzed in this report. Four systems of management have been undertaken as basis for the analyses. System 1 is the traditional collection and landfill disposal. While system 2 the biogas produced in the landfill is recuperated to produce electricity. In systems 3 and 4, in addition to the collection, we have introduced a centralized composting or biogas plant before the landfill disposal of refuse. Live Cycle Assessment (LCA), has proven more adapted to evaluate these four systems. The stages which have been studied are: the collection the transportation, the processing, the transportation of compost on a 70 distance km the landfill disposal of refuse. The analysis of the different outputs has allowed counting six impact class allocated by the waste management systems studied. These impact classes constitute the environmental criteria taking into account the multicriteria analysis of the four systems. Thus, at the environmental level, system 2 is released as the most effective. The economic analysis of the four systems is based on two criteria: investment costs and management costs. Here also, system 2 appears to be the most" economic, contrarily to system 3 and 4 that necessitate 5 to 10 times more investment for their realization and a management cost 2 to 3 times higher. System 2 is released as the most effective at the environmental and economic level in the context of Yaoundé. Therefore, traditional collection, landfill disposal and biogas recuperation to produce electricity is preferable
Roque, Olivier. "La gestion environnementale de l'espace, du secteur au territoire : analyse de deux expériences dans une zone ardéchoise en déprise." Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21020.
Full textBased on a theorical corpus connecting economics of conventions and of environment, this thesis questions how concluded the best agreements with space using activities, in order to urge them to behave in favour of the environment. Two experiences are studied in a neglected area, the cevennes and boutieres in the department of ardeche. The first one approach environmental management from the point of view of agricultural organizations, the second one from the action of local municipalities. Identifying the institutional mechanisms of these experiences, first we show the conventions, both sectorial and territorial, which allow the coordination of the participants. Then, studying the impacts in terms of social participation and land maintenance, we try to establish which convention is the most efficient to manage the environment in this neglected area. The results tend to quality the hypothesis of higher effectiveness of the territorial convention compared to the sectorial one. Only the land maintenance is more coherent, whereas the social participation is quantitatively very deficient
Dumas, Rose-Marie, and Rose-Marie Dumas. "Les enjeux politiques de la gouvernance environnementale : le cas de la gestion des eaux de surface à São Paulo." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30030.
Full textDans un contexte où les changements climatiques se manifestent sous forme de phénomènes climatiques extrêmes tels que des sècheresses prolongées et des précipitations abondantes soudaines, la question de la texture des sols urbains et de la protection des sources d’eau fait l’objet de nouvelles préoccupations en matière de planification urbaine. Alors que la régulation et la filtration de l’eau de ruissèlement sont restreintes par l’imperméabilité des surfaces urbaines, plusieurs métropoles, dont São Paulo, peuvent se retrouver en situation de crises dues à l’indisponibilité de l’eau potable, aux inondations subites ou à la création d’îlots de chaleur. L’efficacité de la gouvernance environnementale appliquée à la gestion des eaux en milieu métropolitain devient donc primordiale. Par une étude de cas de la métropole de São Paulo, la présente recherche tente d’élucider les facteurs rendant possible l’atteinte d’un modèle de gouvernance environnementale métropolitain qui permettrait de maintenir les fonctions écosystémiques des bassins versants et de construire la résilience à la variabilité climatique. La stratégie d’enquête, basée sur l’analyse de documents scientifiques et gouvernementaux, l’observation participante et la tenue d’entretiens semi-dirigés, permit de soulever plusieurs obstacles à l'application des politiques publiques de protection des espaces verts et des sources d’eau. La carence de maîtrise de l’usage des sols, la priorisation des intérêts économiques, la sectorisation des instances gouvernementales et la faible intégration de la société civile au processus de prise de décision surgissent comme d’importants freins à la construction d’une gouvernance environnementale à São Paulo. La considération des savoirs scientifiques et locaux et la gestion du risque lié à la variabilité climatique sont marginalisées par la sphère politique. Ainsi, la présence d’une vaste législation environnementale, telle qu’en vigueur dans la métropole de São Paulo, ne signifie pas forcément une application des projets et des règlements sans faille.
In a context where climate changes are manifested by extreme climatic events such as prolonged droughts and sudden abundant rainfall, the issue of urban soil texture and water protection is a new concern in urban planning. While the regulation and filtration of runoff water is restricted by the impermeability of urban surfaces, several cities, including São Paulo, may end up in crisis due to the unavailability of drinking water, floods or creation of heat islands. The effectiveness of environmental governance applied to water management in metropolitan areas therefore becomes paramount importance. Through a case study of the metropolis of São Paulo, this research attempts to elucidate the factors that make it possible to achieve a metropolitan environmental governance that would maintain watersheds ecosystem functions and build resilience to climate variability. The research strategy, based on the analysis of scientific and governmental documents, participant observation and semistructured interviews, shows several obstacles to the application of public policies for the protection of green spaces and water sources. The lack of control over land use, the prioritization of economic interests, the governmental sectoralization and the weak integration of civil society into the decision-making process appear as major obstacles to the construction of environmental governance in São Paulo. Scientific and local knowledges and climate risk management are marginalized by the political sphere. Thus, the presence of a vast environmental legislation, as in place in the metropolis of São Paulo, does not necessarily mean an unfailing application of projects and regulations.
In a context where climate changes are manifested by extreme climatic events such as prolonged droughts and sudden abundant rainfall, the issue of urban soil texture and water protection is a new concern in urban planning. While the regulation and filtration of runoff water is restricted by the impermeability of urban surfaces, several cities, including São Paulo, may end up in crisis due to the unavailability of drinking water, floods or creation of heat islands. The effectiveness of environmental governance applied to water management in metropolitan areas therefore becomes paramount importance. Through a case study of the metropolis of São Paulo, this research attempts to elucidate the factors that make it possible to achieve a metropolitan environmental governance that would maintain watersheds ecosystem functions and build resilience to climate variability. The research strategy, based on the analysis of scientific and governmental documents, participant observation and semistructured interviews, shows several obstacles to the application of public policies for the protection of green spaces and water sources. The lack of control over land use, the prioritization of economic interests, the governmental sectoralization and the weak integration of civil society into the decision-making process appear as major obstacles to the construction of environmental governance in São Paulo. Scientific and local knowledges and climate risk management are marginalized by the political sphere. Thus, the presence of a vast environmental legislation, as in place in the metropolis of São Paulo, does not necessarily mean an unfailing application of projects and regulations.
Aguilar, Ibarra Alonso. "Les peuplements de poissons comme outil pour la gestion de la qualité environnementale du réseau hydrographique de la Garonne." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7394/1/aguilar.pdf.
Full textIsselmou, Ould Ahmedou. "Développement du système de qualité environnementale et sanitaire de la distribution de l'eau potable à Nouakchott (Mauritanie)." Chambéry, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CHAMS026.
Full textNouakchott, the Mauritanian capital, has an exceptional growth of the population, these brutal demographic trends generated a fast expansion of occupied space and a strong pressure on the social equipments and basic infrastructures, in particular for drinking water. In our work we present : 1st An inventory of features of the quantity (resources) and quality of fresh waters distributed in Nouakchott ; 2nd The factors increasing the vulnerability of the water such as :the lack of generalization of the network of provisioning : - which particularly limits the water resource for peripheral districts and this is accentuated by the weakness of pressure of the network, -which leads to the contamination of terminal fountains (determined by bacterial enzymatic methods in water as total coliforms and faecal indicators) according to analyses carried out on various points of distribution and inquiries made in the targeted areas of our study. -3rd Factors suitable for the evolution of the risks of contamination of water and for reduction of propagation of epidemiologic diseases as cholera or other waterborne diseases, due to the lack of generalization of the network for treatment in the city and the use of individual means of treatment (domestic latrines, septic tanks. . . ). This work carried out the development and proposal of a system of environmental management and health quality improvement of distribution of water in this city involving the different operators of the network and the public authorities. The original approach of this work brings a better quality of distribution network, linked to a HACPP development which allows to optimise the resource usage and the quality of water, by structural measures and increasing of ad hoc structures. In fact, this work gives practical and theoretical advance. This approach has scarcely been used for such large towns in Africa, and brings a method for sustainable resources using
Monneron-Gyurits, Matthias. "Bioaccessibilité et spéciation des métaux/métalloides sur d’anciens sites industriels en vue d’une gestion intégrée et d’une refonctionnalisation." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0062.
Full textToday, the management of polluted sites and soils appears to be a major challenge for environmental and health policies. To do this, decision support tools must be developed and validated to facilitate the identification and understanding of the risks involved. In this context, the objective of this study is to improve knowledge of the links between the nature of contaminants, their geochemical behavior, the nature of carrier phases and bioaccessibility. Ultimately, this understanding will lead to a more specific assessment of the environmental and health risks attributable to them, and to a more coherent remediation. To do this, two contaminated sites with different typologies (mining vs. industrial) were studied but with similar contamination (As, Pb, Zn and Cd). After a representative sampling in accordance with the type of site and its geomorphology, a fine physico-chemical characterization was carried out on each sample before determining their environmental and physiological stability (bioaccessibility). The coupling with environmental mineralogy made possible to explain the behavior of the elements in the various environments. In a second step, in order to overcome the constraints of a complex environment such as the soil and to define the real impact of each bearing phase on the risks, pure phases were synthesized and subjected to the same tests as the natural samples. A return to the solid is then systematically carried out, highlighting the mineralogical changes undergone by the sample. Mixtures have also been made to understand and better understand the cocktail effects of metallic and metalloid elements. This integrated, multi-analytical and multi-scale approach is then the first step in a long process of understanding and predicting risks based on geochemistry and environmental mineralogy coupling
Le, Bars Marjorie. "Un Simulateur Multi-Agent pour l'Aide à la Décision d'un Collectif :Application à la Gestion d'une Ressource Limitée Agro-environnementale." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011210.
Full textAlbertini, Elisabeth. "Le Management et la Mesure de la Performance Environnementale." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869265.
Full textMichelin, Fabien. "Développement d'une méthode d'intégration de la dimension environnementale dans la relation client/fournisseur en conception : application au domaine de la mécanique." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2206.
Full textThe increase of the environmental issues drives to the integration of the environmental dimension in the product design process of companies of the mechanical industry. This process has widely evolved for the last decades, since suppliers are more deeply involved into their clients' process. As they reach a high level of responsibility, they may heavily influence the product environmental performance of a final system. Hence it is required to improve the integration of the environment in the client/supplier relationship. This integration is however limited due to three main issues : (1) an organizational issue linked the low integration of the environment in corporate hierarchical levels, (2) an operational issue which refers to the reduced environmental expertise which limits the long-term integration of the environment in the product design process, (3) a relational issue which concerns the unbalanced relationship between clients and suppliers. Our research work leads to the method GECO (Management of the Environment in the Client/Supplier relationship). It supports mechanical companies though a consistent, pro-active and tailor made approach within the management of the environment with clients and suppliers. First, the method allows companies to visualize the growing clients’ environmental issues they would potentially have to face up in short and long term. Thus it provides strategic information to focus the efforts on the relevant environmental issues. Second, the method provides a roadmap which guides companies with the choice of the relevant methods and tools to respond to the clients’ requirements. Finally, the method GECO supports the elaboration of an environmental strategy adapted to the suppliers' maturity. The method was experimented though two study cases with a large company from the railway industry and a small company of the defense sector. The relevance of the method has been confirmed, especially the diagnosis part
Del, Campo Stellio. "Interdépendances entre l'équité intra et intergénérationnelle dans la gestion durable des ressources environnementales." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100159/document.
Full textThis dissertation proposes to show the interest of considering simultaneously intra and intergenerational equity for environmental resources management issues. More specifically, the dissertation examines the trade-offs between these two dimensions of equity to define an equitable allocation of resources over time and within generations. Inequalities between two heterogeneous regions are considered. The first chapter focuses on sustaining the highest level of welfare over time, through the maximin criterion, when the economy has an intragenerational inequality aversion. Counter-intuitively, the region with the lower resource stock pays a higher price for overall sustainability. The second chapter examines growth toward the maximum sustainable level of welfare, the golden rule. Similarly, the region with the lower resource stock shall contribute more to the growth, by limiting relatively more its consumption. The third chapter examines the transfers that shall be made from the well-off to the worse-off region. The transfer shall either be a lump-sum or proportional to the consumption of the contributing region, depending on whether the objective is to promote or to limit its consumption. In any case, the worst-off region receives a compensatory transfer for the constraint imposed on it
Delanoë, Alexandre. "La responsabilité managériale face au risque : littérature savante, presse et Internet : Le fait moral comme justification culturelle de la performance." Bordeaux 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR21418.
Full textIn the perspective of managerial responsibility, the choice among organisational effectivenesses in context of risk calls for a large-scale semantic analysis of three substances : scientific literature, press and internet. Databases on such management trends as reengineering, risk management and supply chain are examined. Each of them aims at the treatment of knowledge such that it helps building sustainable development conception. One of the cases, e. G. , discloses the impact of environment pollution onto the firm's trustworthy. Thus, reputation (moral capital) becomes an essential preventive principle. The way risks are selected and dealt with depends on the Information Management system accessible to a firm. Informational risks are the matter of protection of the firm's digital rights. Thus, in the sociological standpoint, morality is a cultural and organisational interpretation of performance. More details : http://management. Is. Free. Fr : user name: Invitation; password: Welcome)
St-Pierre, Chantal. "Le développement d'un protocole de gestion environnementale ISO 14001 pour l'industrie thermique productrice d'énergie, cas de la centrale de Coleson Cove." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0018/MQ47275.pdf.
Full textMadjigoto, Robert. "Évolution socio-économique et environnementale de la région pétrolière du Logone Oriental (Tchad)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010527.
Full textBareille, François. "Gestion agricole des services écosystémiques : éclairages à partir de l’économie de la production et de l’économie de l’environnement." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NSARE050/document.
Full textThe thesis studies both theoretically and empirically the management of ecosystem services by farmers in two parts. In the first part, I study the supply and demand for productive ecosystem services by analyzing farmers’ behavior. I introduce biodiversity indicators that depend on acreage into existing models from production economics. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, from the analysis of farmers' observed behavior that farmers consciously manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, such as new elements on the agricultural technology or showing that the collective management of ecosystem services rarely arises spontaneously in real landscapes.In the second part, I study the demand for non- productive ecosystem services. I apply several analytical frameworks developed in environmental economics to the specificities of agriculture, i.e. the environmental service influences the supply of multiple public goods with different spatial distribution of the demand. I contribute to the literature by showing that while most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), a part of the demand is expressed at larger scales. This has implications for agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the pesticide savings and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands
Gautier, Denis. "De la gestion centralisée des savanes d'Afrique de l'Ouest aux territoires de conservation et de développement dans un contexte de globalisation environnementale." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00812879.
Full textSerment, Julien. "Une infrastructure d’intégration à base d’agents logiciels pour l’élaboration de systèmes d’aide à la décision environnementale : Application à la gestion hydraulique camarguaise." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX30007.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to facilitate the development of Environmental Decision Support Systems (EDSS) based on simulation for human-influenced ecocystem management. We advise a heterogeneous software integration approach and propose a generic agent based integration infrastructure, called IMAGIN, allows an interoperability by service invocation, and an interoperability by data sharing. IMAGIN has been implemented and his dynamic and generic mechanisms has been valided by the development of a specific EDSS for the hydraulic management of Camargue
Barthélémy, Carole. "Des rapports sociaux à la frontière des savoirs : les pratiques populaires de pêche amateur au défi de la gestion environnementale du Rhône." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10058.
Full textRiot, Jeanne. "Le management de l'environnement à travers ses instruments : De la diffusion d'outils à la construction de dynamiques d'action collective pour l'innovation environnementale." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01022741.
Full textSory, Issa. ""Ouaga la belle !" gestion des déchets solides à Ouagadougou : enjeux politiques, jeux d'acteurs et inégalités environnementales." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010523.
Full textAyigbede, Théophane. "La gestion des déchets solides ménagers : pratiques d’acteurs et inégalités socio-spatiales dans la ville de Porto-Novo (Bénin)." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100160.
Full textThis PHD dissertation is a sociological study of solid domestic waste management in Porto- Novo, a Benin town. The investigation analyzes, in the one way, the forms and practices of socio-institutional reorganization of this management and, in the other way, sketch an evaluation of their implications of socio-spatial inequalities as the face to social and environmental risks. The dissertation reintroduces the system of domestic waste management in the context and process of urbanization and liberalization of basic services to populations; then, the research focalizes on what, in Porto-Novo town, constitute the mechanisms that generate or keep alive socio-spatial inequalities in link with solid domestic waste. Also, the main concepts adopted for investigation are urbanization, governance, sustainable development, in link with a context characterized by economic crisis, Structural Adjustment Plan (SAP), process of state disengagement, decentralization, but also in link with changes in domestic way of live and consumption, more orientated to manufactured products
Morin, Philippe. "Analyse économique et environnementale de la valorisation énergétique d'effluents à forte charge organique dans le contexte d'une municipalité." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1524.
Full textBrutti-Mairesse, Eugénie. "Réflexion sur les méthodes d'évaluation environnementale des mesures de gestion des déplacements et du trafic : analyse critique et proposition d'un nouveau cadre conceptuel." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00921567.
Full textHaake, Julia. "Les stratégies des entreprises pour une utilisation des matières plus respectueuse de l'environnement : une application du concept de dématérialisation à la gestion environnementale." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000VERSA010.
Full textSaint-Sauveur, Armelle de. "Gestion des espaces et des ressources naturelles par une société pastorale, les Bara du sud-ouest malgache : implications pour une politique environnementale décentralisée." Bordeaux 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR30037.
Full textA number of african countries are engaged in decentralized environmental policies, aimed at endowing local communities with the management of renewable natural resources. In madagascar, as in other countries, pastoral areas are an important part of the national territory. In these regions, can environmental management be based on local pastoral pratices ? studying the case of the bara herders in south-ouest madagascar, we can examin this question, that raises others, around which is organized the thesis. What are the relations between the bara society and the environment ? the objective of this first section is to identify pratices and cultural values that can have an impact on natural resources management. What dynamics are on going in the bara country and what are their consequences on environment management ? agricultural development and cattle stealing are central in the dynamics. By analysing their impact on the production system and on the society, we can identify the powers around which resource management can be reorganized and we can determin if pastoralism is the best choice for developping the region. Around what elements can a local management of the environment be built ? bush fire management, land tenure and rights ruling cattle stealing are the three axis around which an environmental policy can be organized in madagascar's pastoral areas. The link between the notion of territory and the watching of the land, to control illicit movements of cattle, appears as a central element of the land tenure problematic in bara country and can offer an original approach for other pastoral areas in africa
Bonne, Catherine. "La participation syndicale à la gestion environnementale des entreprises : entre responsabilité et utopie. Le cas de la CFDT et la CGT (1970--2002)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED026/document.
Full textThis thesis intends to highlight, thanks to a longitudinal study, a double paradox between union, management and environment. The process that has enabled unions and more precisely confederations to gain legitimacy about environmental issues since the 1970's was reconstructed based on trade-union archives. In reply to the absurdities of society and owing to the responsibility for the employees they defend, confederations set up union environmental policies. These policies, despite being irregular, are a support to activist actions to protect jobs, working conditions (health, safety) and personal life conditions of workers. Their expertise, partly outshined by other powerful actors, allows them to often be proactive with institutional decision-makers especially in order to have a legal framework favourable to a dialogue concerning the environment. That's how they participated in the creation of the first sustainable development report in 2001. Beyond the construction of a union history, this thesis contributes to the definition of the concept of participation in management and environmental management (Richard, 2012)