Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ghana. Community Water and Sanitation Agency

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Academic literature on the topic 'Ghana. Community Water and Sanitation Agency'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ghana. Community Water and Sanitation Agency"

1

Kumasi, T. C., and Benjamin Dawurah Agbemor. "Tracking user satisfaction of rural water services in northern Ghana." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 2 (March 21, 2018): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2018.140.

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Abstract The article discusses the level of user satisfaction with actual handpump service levels and performance of service providers. In this paper, we outline some contradiction between actual service levels, performance of service providers and perception of water users. The findings suggest that users appeared satisfied with quantity and reliability of water facilities. In contrast, they were not satisfied with the time it takes them to access water, especially when the quantity of water diminishes. The sad irony is that tariffs are perceived affordable yet users are unwilling to pay for water. Their responses paint a picture of a payment system that is geared at reactive maintenance over preventative maintenance regime. It is worth noting here that this phenomenon raises questions on the sustainability of water systems when sound financial management is key to sustaining services. Service providers were perceived to perform better than they actually did. Perhaps this was due to lack of information and ignorance on the roles of service providers. In this regard it is imperative that the Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA), implementing partners, the district assemblies and Water and Sanitation Management Teams (WSMTs) take steps to address the technical, social, financial and institutional factors during the planning, implementation and post-construction support which invariably affect sustainability.
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2

Adadzi, Patrick, Harrison Coffie, and Emmanuel Afetorgbor. "Sustainability of Rural Water Supply Systems: A Case Study of Kwamekrom Water System in the Volta Region of Ghana." Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 5 (September 29, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v12n5p30.

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This paper review and analyze the sustainability of rural water systems facilitated by Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA) in Ghana in both their capacity to continue to deliver adequate, safe and quality water for all the people of Kwamekrom township and surrounding villages. The paper focus on a case study of the sustainability of small-town piped water systems; the main used technology in rural areas of the Volta Region in Ghana. Part of the project was the implementation of infrastructure and building capacities in the community to manage and use their system after project completion. A recent development is that CWSA is shifting from community ownership and management (COM) towards participation in management, a shift that is expected to ensure the sustainability of the water systems. The study aimed to analyze the viability of the Kwamekrom water supply system in the Volta Region of Ghana, which was under the COM system utilizing a survey mechanism. The study revealed based on performance indexes indicated that the Kwamekrom water system was not sustainable under the COM. The result was mainly due to poor financial management and lack of adequate technical expertise coupled with socio-political impact under the COM. The new reform towards participation in the management of rural water supply is, therefore, an approach which could lead to sustainability.
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Addo, HO, KK Addo, and B. Langbong. "Sanitation and its impact on the bacteriological quality of water: A study in three communities in Ghana." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 13, no. 60 (December 23, 2013): 8258–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.60.12665.

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Water constitutes about 70% of the earth’s total mass and all life is dependent on water. Inadequate sanitation is a major cause of disease worldwide and improving sanitation is known to have a significant beneficial impact on health both in households and across communities. Water and sanitation are closely related and cannot be isolated. If uncontaminated water is available, reliable and convenient to collect, more water is consumed, both for hygienic purposes and for drinking which can improve health. In this study, the effect of sanitation on the bacteriological quality of water was evaluated. The study also assessed the sanitation facilities available in the three communities, the water facilities used and the bacterial contamination of household water. A cluster survey system was employed in three communities namely Tetegu, Mayera and Ashongman village in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Thirty households were clustered within each community. Within each household in each community, domestic water stored was analyzed for bacterial contamination using UriSelect 4 medium. This was used because it allows the isolation and counting of all organisms using a standard bacteriological loop plating method. Standardized questionnaires were administered in each household to ascertain the type of water and sanitation infrastructure. Seventy-seven percent and 87% of respondents relied on public standpipes in the Ashongman and Tetegu communities, respectively. Eightythree percent of respondents in Mayera relied on the Nsaki river. Eighty percent of respondents used the KVIP at Mayera, 97% of respondents at Tetegu resorted to open defecation, and 57% of respondents also used the pit latrine at Ashongman community. A total of ten bacterial species namely: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus agalactiae. Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus saprophytic, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus were identified in domestic water stored. This study therefore recommends that policy makers must ensure the provision of basic infrastructure such as toilet facilities to reduce the likely contamination of water sources from poor sanitation facilities.
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Xinhui, CHEN, and HUANG Guoping. "Community Catalyst: Building a Water Sanitation System for Social Inclusion in Winneba, Ghana." Landscape Architecture Frontiers 9, no. 4 (2021): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.15302/j-laf-1-050037.

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5

McGarvey, Stephen T., Justin Buszin, Holly Reed, David C. Smith, Zarah Rahman, Catherine Andrzejewski, Kofi Awusabo-Asare, and Michael J. White. "Community and household determinants of water quality in coastal Ghana." Journal of Water and Health 6, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 339–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2008.057.

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Associations between water sources, socio-demographic characteristics and household drinking water quality are described in a representative sample of six coastal districts of Ghana's Central Region. Thirty-six enumeration areas (EAs) were randomly chosen from a representative survey of 90 EAs in rural, semi-urban and urban residence strata. In each EA, 24 households were randomly chosen for water quality sampling and socio-demographic interview. Escherichia coli per 100 ml H2O was quantified using the IDEXX Colilert® system and multi-stage regression models estimated cross-sectional associations between water sources, sanitation and socio-demographic factors. Almost three quarters, 74%, of the households have >2 E. coli /100 ml H2O. Tap water has significantly lower E. coli levels compared with surface or rainwater and well water had the highest levels. Households with a water closet toilet have significantly lower E. coli compared with those using pit latrines or no toilets. Household size is positively associated, and a possessions index is negatively associated, with E. coli. Variations in community and household socio-demographic and behavioural factors are key determinants of drinking water quality. These factors should be included in planning health education associated with investments in water systems.
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Radin, Mark, Brad Wong, Catherine McManus, Saumitra Sinha, Marc Jeuland, Eugene Larbi, Benedict Tuffuor, Noble Kofi Biscoff, and Dale Whittington. "Benefits and costs of rural sanitation interventions in Ghana." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 10, no. 4 (October 27, 2020): 724–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2020.066.

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Abstract Community-led total sanitation (CLTS) has triggered households around the world to adopt latrines, but evidence suggests that CLTS does not usually lead to universal latrine coverage. Additional interventions, such as subsidies for the poor, may be necessary to eliminate open defecation. While subsidies can improve sanitation-related outcomes, no prior studies have compared the net benefits of CLTS plus subsidies to CLTS-only. This paper presents a comparative analysis for rural Ghana, where efforts to reduce open defecation have had limited success. We analyze the costs and benefits of: (1) a CLTS-only intervention, as implemented in Ghana, and (2) a variant of CLTS that provides vouchers for latrines to the poorest households in high sanitation adoption communities. We find that CLTS-only fails a deterministic benefit-cost test and that only about 30% of 10,000 Monte Carlo trials produce positive net benefits. CLTS plus subsidies satisfy a benefit-cost criterion in the deterministic case, and in about 55% of the Monte Carlo trials. This more favorable outcome stems from high adoption communities passing the threshold needed to generate positive health externalities due to improved community sanitation. The results suggest that a well-targeted CLTS plus subsidies intervention would be more effective in Ghana than CLTS alone.
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7

Keraita, Bernard, Peter Kjær Mackie Jensen, Flemming Konradsen, Maxwell Akple, and Thilde Rheinländer. "Accelerating uptake of household latrines in rural communities in the Volta region of Ghana." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.035.

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This study was done in four rural communities in Ghana to assess uptake of household latrines. A total of 156 household interviews, 16 focus group discussions and 8 in-depth interviews with key informants were conducted. Study findings show that only 8.5% of households were using improved sanitation facilities with more than 75% of the households relying on open defecation and communal trench latrines. Knowledge of technological options was very limited and the cost for preferred latrines was unaffordable. Though health-related benefits motivated household latrine uptake, those related to personal security, privacy, social status and convenience were ranked higher. Sanitation uptake was constrained mainly by finances, poor sanitation promotion and general biophysical factors. High costs of latrine construction could be reduced by introducing cheaper technological options, using low-cost construction materials and labor contributions from households. Financing models like microcredit financing can also be explored and adapted for use in Ghana. We recommend the use of approaches aimed at behavior change while giving households a range of technological options such as community led total sanitation (CLTS). Hence, despite the low coverage of improved sanitation in rural Ghana, there exist real opportunities to accelerate sanitation uptake.
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Boasinke, Raymond Kwasi, and Imoro Braimah. "Sustaining Water Systems in Rural and Small Towns in Ghana: The Role of Traditional Authorities in the Krachi West District." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 3 (January 31, 2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n3p10.

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The sustainability of water systems in rural communities and small towns in Ghana has been a major challenge that has engaged the attention of government, Non-governmental Organisations, and academics. There have been several attempts at developing models that will ensure the sustainability of water systems in Ghana. This study examined the role of traditional authorities in the management of water systems in rural communities and small towns in the Krachi West District in the Oti Region of Ghana. Using a qualitative research design, the study purposely selected and interviewed 69 respondents. The study revealed that traditional authorities play critical roles in ensuring the sustainable management of water systems in rural communities and small towns in Ghana. It also revealed that respondents want a community management model that has traditional authorities as members of an official advisory board to the Water and Sanitation Management Teams (WSMTs). It further revealed that the traditional authorities and the WSMTs have a cordial working relationship. The study, therefore, recommends that traditional authorities should officially be recognised and their roles spelled out in the community management model of water systems in Ghana.
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Mensah, Justice. "Improving environmental sanitation in the catchment area of Benya Lagoon, Ghana: the non-household stakeholder role and participation dimension." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 9, no. 4 (August 16, 2019): 714–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2019.024.

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Abstract Poor sanitation practices pollute the environment and exact undue toll on health, productivity and human life, hence the increasing global call for the maintenance of acceptable sanitation standards in all communities. Although maintaining proper sanitation standards in any community is a function of several factors, the stakeholder participation dimension is one of the most critical. However, unlike the household stakeholders, the non-household stakeholder dimension has not received adequate attention in terms of studies regarding its role and participation in environmental sanitation management. Employing the qualitative design, this study examined the role and participation of key non-household stakeholders in sanitation management in the catchment area of Benya Lagoon, Ghana. Data were gathered from identifiable key non-household sanitation actors who were purposively selected from relevant government agencies, private sector organisations, community-based organisations and opinion leaders and analysed thematically guided by the most significant stories technique. It became evident from the study that the non-household stakeholders were playing useful roles in sanitation management, but their participation and the level of interaction in the enterprise were too limited to enable them to make a substantial impact on improving sanitation in the area. Key non-household sanitation actors, spearheaded by the central government through the sector ministry and municipal authority, need to increase their participation in sanitation management and collaborate more intensively through higher order interactions to ensure the maintenance of acceptable sanitation standards for sustainable local level development and, by extension, national development.
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Tsekpetse-Akuamoah, Kweku, Simon Mariwah, Ebenezer Nana Kwaku Boateng, and Yvonne Ami Adjakloe. "Impact of COVID-19 on community-led total sanitation (CLTS) in Ghana: perspectives of implementing partners." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2022.016.

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Abstract Since the adoption of Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) in Ghana in 2012, eight (8) partners have been involved in the implementation of the approach in over 140 districts. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has reinforced the need for improved sanitation and hygiene practices, the nature and the extent of the impact of the pandemic on the implementation of CLTS remains empirically unclear. This study sought to explore the perceptions and experiences of implementing partners about the impact of COVID-19 on CLTS in Ghana. Using a purposive sampling technique, the study gathered data from 22 representatives using the in-depth interview technique. The study revealed that the implementing partners revealed that the pandemic has had both positive and negative impacts on the implementation of CLTS in Ghana. Negatively, the pandemic stalled the activities of CLTS through the ban on social gathering. On the other hand, the pandemic reinforced the need for CLTS through increased construction and use of handwashing facilities to prevent diseases. To sustain the gains from the pandemic, implementing partners should leverage the existing community-based mass media outlets such as information centres and radio stations to communicate behaviour change messages of CLTS in Ghana.
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Books on the topic "Ghana. Community Water and Sanitation Agency"

1

Ghana. Office of the Auditor-General. Performance audit report of the Auditor-General on the provision of safe drinking water. Accra]: [Office of the Auditor-General], 2006.

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2

Mamaa, Entsua-Mensah Roseemma, ed. Assessment of community water, and sanitation in Ghana. Nairobi, Kenya: African Technology Policy Studies Network, 2007.

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Mamaa, Entsua-Mensah Roseemma, ed. Assessment of community water and sanitation in Ghana. Nairobi, Kenya: African Technology Policy Studies Network, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ghana. Community Water and Sanitation Agency"

1

Aliyev, Orkhan. "Economic resilience in water supply service in rural Tajikistan: A case study from Oxfam." In Resilience of Water Supply in Practice: Experiences from the Frontline, 161–84. IWA Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789061628_0161.

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Abstract The water utilities established by the Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation (TajWSS) project, which is funded by Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation and led by Oxfam in Tajikistan in collaboration with Government of Tajikistan focussed mainly on decentralization of drinking water services and ownership of the water supply assets by local governance bodies. However, owing to the increasing demand for water and pressures on water resources as a result of climatic variability, water utilities in rural areas are facing financial, operational and environmental challenges which prevent them from responding adequately. These challenges require highly resilient considerations in the design, construction and management of water supply and sanitation facilities and access to financial resources to overcome unforeseen risks. Oxfam's experience in Tajikistan shows that a community's socio-economic status and water utilities’ business operations were key factors for building the resilience of water and sanitation (WS) systems in rural areas. In this paper, the approach in building WS systems that are highly resilient to disasters or risks in rural areas is investigated along with how different factors such as demand and supply, institutional capacity, access to finance and community ownership affect the sustainability of WS services.
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Adugu, Emmanuel. "Contextualizing Action Research." In Promoting Qualitative Research Methods for Critical Reflection and Change, 79–101. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7600-7.ch005.

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This chapter focuses on designing and conducting action research in diverse settings. Action research is a collaborative approach to problem solving. It involves consultative problem identification, reflects context, encourages reflexive examination, and ultimately encourages and empowers beneficiaries for desirable change. In that regard, it puts all stakeholders at the core of the change process. The process of change from research project conceptualization to analysis and policy implications is thus made more understandable and meaningful to community actors (beneficiaries). The chapter features three empirical models from diverse parts of the world. These are Model 1: Photo-voice as a form action research depicting an underused footbridge in Barbados; Model 2: DANIDA Community Water and Sanitation Project, Ghana; and REACH After School Enrichment Program, USA. All these models show that action research process is people and community-centered, attentive to the views of people as individuals with their own unique needs, resources, and interests.
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