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Journal articles on the topic 'Ghosts'
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1
Putra, Ricky Widyananda. "Manga matrix's approach to creating Indonesian ghost game visual characters on Dreadeye VR." International Journal of Visual and Performing Arts 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31763/viperarts.v4i1.655.
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Visual imagery is the most important part of game design. Game designers should pay particular attention so that the visual character of the game can be effectively realized and able to convey the depth of its visual meanings. Taking use of the widespread fear of the Indonesian Ghost's appearance, the game is able to present challenges to its players. This study aims to develop the creation of character designs, especially by elevating visual images of Indonesian ghosts into visual characters' in-game media. The method for designing Indonesian ghost characters is to dismantle the visual image of Indonesian ghost characters in the Dreadeye VR game. The strategy is to consider the following three components: (1) the matrix of shapes, (2) the costume matrix, and (3) the matrix of traits. All three were analyzed with the approach of manga matrix theory. This research has led to the emergence of relatively distinct ghost figures that are frequently feared by Indonesians, such as pocong, kuntilanak, and tuyul. By examining the matrices of the shape, costume, and nature of each character of the three Indonesian ghosts, it is possible to conclude that to create visual characters of Indonesian ghosts, game designers must identify these three components, while the contribution of this research is to provide a visual image analysis model including shape imagery, costume imagery, and traits imagery of Indonesian ghosts used in the Dreadeye VR Game in Indonesia.
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Albin-Clark, Jo. "Becoming Haunted by a Data-Ghost in Early Childhood Education Documentation Practices." Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry 14, no. 1 (December 17, 2022): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18733/cpi29648.
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In telling a ghost story, the author notices what (her) ghosts are doing in a study of early childhood education documentation practices; she uses hauntology, affect and sticky data to help her imagine the documentation as ghostly matters.
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Chen, Jack W. "Poetry, Ghosts, Mediation." Qui Parle 31, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10418385-9669459.
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Abstract This essay takes the example of a poem composed by a ghost in the Tang dynasty—one of many preserved in literary anthologies and treated as actually having been authored by the dead—as an entry point to ask broader questions of ghostly haunting and poetic presence. What the essay demonstrates is how both the ghost and the poem are informed by logics of analog mediation (rather than representation): how the ghost finds purchase in the world only through bodily possession, spatial haunting, material displacement, and psychic transference and how the poem effects the transmission of mind through the channels of linguistic form, meter, and rhyme. Neither the ghost nor the poem exists except in or as its mediations, yet through these mediations, both the ghost and the poem become present and are communicated into the world. While contemporary media theory has identified the intertwined discourses of technology and spiritualism, the focus has almost solely been on the nineteenth century and later, on the age of electric and electronic telecommunications. The medieval ghost poem, as an exemplary case, complicates this account, showing how poetry has long served as a necrotechnology that mediates the dead and returns ghosts to presence.
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Adinkrah, Mensah. "Beliefs about ghosts among the Akan of Ghana." International journal of linguistics, literature and culture 9, no. 4 (June 1, 2023): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v9n4.2278.
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As a thanatologist who specializes in mortuary beliefs and rites in Ghana, I frequently come across information on Akan cultural beliefs about ghosts, as well as individual or personal stories of ghost encounters. Yet, there has been virtually no academic inquiry into the topic. Between January and February 2015, I listened to four consecutive weekly radio programs focusing primarily on ghosts on a commercial radio station in Ghana. The programs were broadcast in Twi, the Akan lingua franca, which the author is fluent in. Following extensive discussions about Akan cultural beliefs regarding ghosts and other superhuman entities by the host and co-hosts of the program, listeners were invited to share their personal stories about ghost sightings and other encounters with ghosts. The current article presents a narrative of the discussion that occurred on the four featured programs. The data show that Akans of Ghana maintain a strong cultural belief in ghosts. Several listeners shared with the host and listeners their personal encounters with ghosts and ghost activities.
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Carlson, Jon F., Sunil K. Chebolu, and Ján Mináč. "Ghosts and Strong Ghosts in the Stable Category." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 59, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 682–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-2016-038-4.
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AbstractSuppose that G is a finite group and k is a field of characteristic p > 0. A ghost map is a map in the stable category of finitely generated kG-modules which induces the zero map in Tate cohomology in all degrees. In an earlier paper we showed that the thick subcategory generated by the trivial module has no nonzero ghost maps if and only if the Sylow p-subgroup of G is cyclic of order 2 or 3. In this paper we introduce and study variations of ghost maps. In particular, we consider the behavior of ghost maps under restriction and induction functors. We find all groups satisfying a strong form of Freyd’s generating hypothesis and show that ghosts can be detected on a finite range of degrees of Tate cohomology. We also consider maps that mimic ghosts in high degrees.
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Kelleher, R. S., E. F. Murray, and S. W. Peterson. "Insulin causes insulin-receptor internalization in human erythrocyte ghosts." Biochemical Journal 241, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2410093.
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The effect of incubation with insulin on insulin-receptor internalization by erythrocyte ghosts was investigated. The number of surface insulin receptors decreased by 30-40% after incubation of ghosts with insulin. Total insulin-receptor binding to solubilized ghosts was the same in insulin-incubated and control ghosts, whereas insulin binding to an internal vesicular fraction was substantially increased in insulin-incubated ghosts. Our findings suggest that erythrocyte-ghost insulin receptors are internalized to a vesicular compartment in response to incubation with insulin.
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Krebs, Paula M. "Folklore, Fear, and the Feminine: Ghosts and Old Wives' Tales in Wuthering Heights." Victorian Literature and Culture 26, no. 1 (1998): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150300002266.
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Wuthering heights is haunted, of course. But not only by the ghost of Catherine, who harries Heathcliff and terrifies Lockwood. Not only by the shades of Heathcliff and Catherine (or Laurence Olivier and Merle Oberon) who set off toward Penistone Crag. The ghosts in Wuthering Heights are not Gothic ghosts nor the ghosts from Victorian magazine ghost stories. They represent a different kind of haunting altogether — the haunting of the Victorian middle classes by fear of the people they designated as “the folk.”
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Hengsuwan, Manasikarn, and Amara Prasithrathsint. "A Folk Taxonomy of Terms for Ghosts and Spirits in Thai." MANUSYA 17, no. 2 (2014): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01702003.
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Previous studies show that Thai people’s ways of life and traditions from birth to death are related to ghosts. Most of the studies deal with the role of ghosts in Thai society but there has been no study on ghost terms in Thai, which would reflect the ghost system in Thai thoughts. Thus, this study aims to analyze the system and categorization of terms for ghosts and spirits in Thai. Folk taxonomy, which is a method in the ethnosemantic approach, has been adopted for the analysis.
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Rui, Congshan, Le Zhang, Jiaojiao Liang, Yining Li, Tianwen Hou, Shunli Zang, Chaohao Wang, and Lei Zhao. "P‐8.6: Methods of Ghost Measurement and Mitigation in Virtual Reality Pancake Optical System." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 55, S1 (April 2024): 1145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdtp.17305.
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In the VR optical system, the pancake optics faces the problem of ghost, which is more serious than the conventional aspherical/Fresnel optics. The causes of pancake ghosts are different, thus the performance of pancake ghosts in the image is also different. Some of them can be clearly imaged, but some exist in the form of light spots. The presence of these ghosts seriously affects the image contrast. In this paper, ghost measurement and simulation methods are proposed, which obtains the Virtual image distance, position and brightness of the ghost image, and the cause of the ghost image is obtained by combining the simulation and measurement. Finally, ghost intensity was reduced from 4.68% to 2.39% using the ghost image mitigation methods. A pancake optical system was optimized and prototype was demonstrated, with a field of view of 108°, an exit pupil diameter of 10mm, and a ghost image intensity of less than 2.39%.
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Lincoln, Martha, and Bruce Lincoln. "Toward a Critical Hauntology: Bare Afterlife and the Ghosts of Ba Chúc." Comparative Studies in Society and History 57, no. 1 (January 2015): 191–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417514000644.
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AbstractWhile cross-disciplinary analysis of ghosts and haunting has burgeoned in recent decades, much of this scholarship presumes the figure of the ghost as a less than literal apparition. We propose that writers such as Jacques Derrida and Avery Gordon, who make use of the ghostly as a trope, are in fact describing a phenomenon we term secondary haunting, distinct from accounts of unquiet spirits who address the living directly with specific demands for redress: a visceral and often frightening experience we term primary haunting. Drawing on a contemporary account of the ghosts of a massacre in a Vietnamese village, we explore the complex interaction of primary and secondary haunting, the different kinds of memory work they engage in and the different moral communities they mobilize.
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Xue, Wanli, Zhe Zhang, and Shengyong Chen. "Ghost Elimination via Multi-Component Collaboration for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing Image Stitching." Remote Sensing 13, no. 7 (April 4, 2021): 1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13071388.
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Ghosts are a common phenomenon widely present in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing image stitching that seriously affect the naturalness of stitching results. In order to effectively remove ghosts and produce visually natural stitching results, we propose a novel image stitching method that can identify and eliminate ghosts through multi-component collaboration without object distortion, segmentation or repetition. Specifically, our main contributions are as follows: first, we propose a ghost identification component to locate a potential ghost in the stitching area; and detect significantly moving objects in the two stitched images. In particular, due to the characteristics of UAV shooting, the objects in UAV remote sensing images are small and the image quality is poor. We propose a mesh-based image difference comparison method to identify ghosts; and use an object tracking algorithm to accurately correspond to each ghost pair. Second, we design an image information source selection strategy to generate the ghost replacement region, which can replace the located ghost and avoid object distortion, segmentation and repetition. Third, we find that the process of ghost elimination can produce natural mosaic images by eliminating the ghost caused by initial blending with selected image information source. We validate the proposed method on VIVID data set and compare our method with Homo, ELA, SPW and APAP using the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) evaluation indicator.
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Abd Rahman, Ain Nur Iman, and Zainor Izat Zainal. "HUMAN AND GHOST ATTACHMENT IN HANNA ALKAF’S THE GIRL AND THE GHOST." Platform : A Journal of Management and Humanities 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.61762/pjmhvol5iss1art17206.
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For centuries, authors of literary works have sought to bewitch and enchant readers with accounts of supernatural elements such as monsters, spirits and ghosts. Ghosts especially are often depicted as representations of evil and the polar opposite of mankind. In Hanna Alkaf’s The Girl and The Ghost (2020) the adolescent protagonist, Suraya, develops an unusual bond with a ghost, Pink. This is indeed refreshing, considering the human-ghost relationship in the local literary scene is often represented as antagonistic, opposing forces, resulting in ghosts being portrayed as evil, vengeful creatures set to taunt, haunt and wreck humans’ lives. Critical examination of the human-ghost bond in the local literary-critical practice is lacking. This research aims to fill this gap by examining the human-ghost bond in The Girl and The Ghost and how this bond contributes to the (human) protagonist’s personal development. In this paper, The Girl and The Ghost is read using John Bowlby’s theory of attachment due to its robust approach to understanding human beings' emotional bond, or attachment, with their attachment figures. We argue the human-ghost bond in The Girl and The Ghost sets the novel apart from other local ghost stories filled with wicked, destructive ghosts. The findings suggest other possibilities of attachment figures when the relationship between a mother and child grows apart. The unusual but enduring relationship between Suraya and Pink demonstrates that a child’s secure attachment need not be limited to motherly figures.
Keywords: Malaysian literature in english, the girl and the ghost, hanna alkaf, ghost tales, attachment theory
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Subair, Muh, Muhammad Amir, Abu Muslim, Muhammad Irfan Syuhudi, Baso Marannu, Muhammad Nur Ichsan Azis, Amiruddin Amiruddin, et al. "Forest conservation strategies: Integrating ghost fear as a social conditioning mechanism." Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 8, no. 9 (September 12, 2024): 7643. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i9.7643.
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The fear of ghosts is a common thing that can be managed as a social condition that turns out to have an impact on the continuity of forest maintenance. Applying a qualitative approach supported by in-depth interview methods, observation, and literature study. This research does not attempt to prove the existence of ghosts or discuss the psychological conditions of people who fear ghosts. The main finding of this research is the reality of the reproduction of stories and experiences of fear of ghosts, as well as the implementation of traditions or rituals related to community activities in the forest. Stories of fear of ghosts with various forms and versions of naming not only enrich the cultural life of the community but also encourage social conditioning in the form of togetherness to agree on the fear of ghosts as a means of creating a social system in order to carry out activities in the forest. The social system is identified in the form of pamali traditions or things that should not be done in the forest, balian rituals to eliminate or treat ghost disturbances, and besoyong rituals to utilize forest products, which then have an impact on the awareness to respect the continuity of these rituals and tradition. So, even though the fear of ghosts can be overcome psychologically and disappear quickly, the reality of respect for the social system related to the forest can still survive. In addition, ghost stories’ reproduction continues to be rolled out and adapted to the times. In turn, ghosts and forest rituals continue to be conditioned into a social system that has implications for forest conservation.
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Xu, Yiping, Hongbing Ji, and Wenbo Zhang. "Ghost Detection and Removal Based on Two-Layer Background Model and Histogram Similarity." Sensors 20, no. 16 (August 14, 2020): 4558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164558.
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Detecting and removing ghosts is an important challenge for moving object detection because ghosts will remain forever once formed, leading to the overall detection performance degradation. To deal with this issue, we first classified the ghosts into two categories according to the way they were formed. Then, the sample-based two-layer background model and histogram similarity of ghost areas were proposed to detect and remove the two types of ghosts, respectively. Furthermore, three important parameters in the two-layer model, i.e., the distance threshold, similarity threshold of local binary similarity pattern (LBSP), and time sub-sampling factor, were automatically determined by the spatial-temporal information of each pixel for adapting to the scene change rapidly. The experimental results on the CDnet 2014 dataset demonstrated that our proposed algorithm not only effectively eliminated ghost areas, but was also superior to the state-of-the-art approaches in terms of the overall performance.
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Sinnott, Megan. "Baby Ghosts: Child Spirits and Contemporary Conceptions of Childhood in Thailand." TRaNS: Trans -Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia 2, no. 2 (June 26, 2014): 293–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/trn.2014.8.
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AbstractThe currently popular practice of propitiating, or ‘adopting’, child spirits in Thailand reveals an ambivalent attitude towards childhood. According to Buddhist scholars on childhood, Buddhist conceptions of children do not differentiate children in significant ways from adults in terms of their relative purity or innocence, as both children and adults possess countless lifetimes of karma; children are thus agentive beings, although not yet fully realised as adults. The child ghosts reflect the complex, competing conceptions of childhood, where they are both valuable resources to be deployed in the assistance of their families, and vulnerable beings in need of adult caretaking. Child ghosts are markers of both material and sentimental resources for their adoptive parents, or ‘guardians’. This article explores representations of child ghosts in popular media, and investigates child ghost propitiation practices through interviews with child ghost guardians. In addition, an overview is provided of the various categories of child ghosts, including kumanthong, kuman-thep, kuman-phrai, luk-krok, and rak-yom.
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Novriadi Novriadi. "Halusinasi Terhadap Hantu Dalam Karya Lukis Surealisme." Jurnal Riset Rumpun Seni, Desain dan Media 3, no. 1 (January 20, 2024): 90–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jurrsendem.v3i1.2532.
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Based on the scientific consensus, ghosts are not a scientifically valid concept. Their existence cannot be explained. Even though it has been investigated for centuries, there is not a single piece of scientific evidence that shows that a place can be inhabited by the spirits of the dead. In Islam there is no such thing as a ghost, Islam calls them jinn, devils and demons. Of the many types of ghosts, the one most feared by people is the ghost of the dead. Some ordinary people think that ghosts are the spirits of dead people who wander around, especially curious dead people whose spirits are trapped in the natural world. The fact that ghosts are the incarnations of dead people cannot be justified. Islam does not reject the existence of spirits, in fact supernatural matters such as the existence of spirits must be believed because the Pillars of Faith themselves consist of supernatural things that must be believed in.
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Tjong, Cendrawaty, Raina Ophelia Sunggiardi, and Vania Vania. "Similarities and Disparities of Ghosts in Eastern and Western Literature Based the Novels Liaozhai Zhiyi, Dracula, dan a Christamas Carol." Lingua Cultura 4, no. 2 (November 30, 2010): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v4i2.363.
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Ghosts is one of life unexplained phenomena also interesting theme for entertainment and literature materials. Every nation have their own ghost literature that reflects the nation’s view on ghost itself. This article compares China’s Liaozhai Zhiyi, Western’s Dracula and A Christmas Carol as representations of both culture. The writer through desktop study method found that culture influenced and shaped ghost image in the mind of novel writer. This leads to different image of ghost in the two cultures. The results is: ghost in two cultures appear mostly in the night time, have different types and classifications, different physical images, different way of thinking and how to handle ghosts.
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Nunes-Correia, Isabel, João Ramalho-Santos, and Maria C. Pedroso de Lima. "Sendai Virus Fusion Activity as Modulated by Target Membrane Components." Bioscience Reports 18, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1020180109275.
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We have studied the differences between erythrocytes and erythrocyte ghosts as target membranes for the study of Sendai virus fusion activity. Fusion was monitored continuously by fluorescence dequenching of R18-labeled virus. Experiments were carried out either with or without virus/target membrane prebinding. When Sendai virus was added directly to a erythrocyte/erythrocyte ghost suspension, fusion was always lower than that obtained when experiments were carried out with virus already bound to the erythrocyte/erythrocyte ghost in the cold, since with virus prebinding fusion can be triggered more rapidly. Although virus binding to both erythrocytes and erythrocyte ghosts was similar, fusion activity was much more pronounced when erythrocyte ghosts were used as target membranes. These observations indicate that intact erythrocytes and erythrocyte ghosts are not equivalent as target membranes for the study of Sendai virus fusion activity. Fusion of Sendai virus with both target membranes was inhibited when erythrocytes or erythrocyte ghosts were pretreated with proteinase K, suggesting a role of target membrane proteins in this process. Treatment of both target membranes with neuraminidase, which removes sialic acid residues (the biological receptors for Sendai virus) greatly reduced viral binding. Interestingly, this treatment had no significant effect on the fusion reaction itself.
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Johnson, Stephanie L. "CHRISTINA ROSSETTI'S GHOSTS, SOUL-SLEEP, AND VICTORIAN DEATH CULTURE." Victorian Literature and Culture 46, no. 2 (May 16, 2018): 381–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150318000062.
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Ghosts haunt Christina Rossetti's poetry. Amidst the lyrics, devotional poems, and children's verse, poems about ghosts and hauntings recur as material evidence of Rossetti's fascination with spectral presences. That fascination poses a particular interpretive puzzle in light of her religious convictions and piety. We might be tempted to identify the recurring ghosts as just another nineteenth-century flirtation with spiritualism – the spiritualism by which her brothers William and Gabriel were intrigued, attending séances and testing the validity of communications from the dead. Rossetti, however, clearly dismissed spiritualism as false belief and a means to sin. We might also be tempted to divide Rossetti's poetry into the secular and the sacred and to categorize the ghost poems as the former, yet much recent criticism on Rossetti has argued successfully for the pervasiveness of her religious voice even in works that seem not to be religious. Finally, in seeking to hear a religious resonance, we might be tempted to interpret her ghosts as representative of the Holy Ghost, yet that interpretation could only be asserted at the expense of the poems themselves; as narrative poems, most of them involve ghosts of dead lovers, desired by the living for themselves – not as experiences of God's presence. Rossetti's use of ghosts within short narrative or dialogic poems of the late 1850s and 60s concerning human desire for lost love invites closer inspection, especially when such poems overtly treat her religious beliefs.
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Nowosielecka, Dorota, Wojciech Jacheć, Anna Polewczyk, Łukasz Tułecki, Paweł Stefańczyk, and Andrzej Kutarski. "“Ghost”, a Well-Known but Not Fully Explained Echocardiographic Finding during Transvenous Lead Extraction: Clinical Significance." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (October 1, 2022): 12542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912542.
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“Ghosts” are fibrinous remnants that become visible during transvenous lead extraction (TLE). Methods: Data from transoesophageal echocardiography-guided TLE procedures performed in 1103 patients were analysed to identify predisposing risk factors for the development of so-called disappearing ghosts—flying ghosts (FG), or attached to the cardiovascular wall—stable ghosts (SG), and to find out whether the presence of ghosts affected patient prognosis after TLE. Results: Ghosts were detected in 44.67% of patients (FG 15.5%, SG 29.2%). The occurrence of ghosts was associated with patient age at first system implantation [FG (OR = 0.984; p = 0.019), SG (OR = 0.989; p = 0.030)], scar tissue around the lead (s) [FG (OR = 7.106; p < 0.001, OR = 1.372; p = 0.011), SG (OR = 1.940; p < 0.001)], adherence of the lead to the cardiovascular wall [FG (OR = 0.517; p = 0.034)] and the number of leads [SG (OR = 1.450; p < 0.002). The presence of ghosts had no impact on long-term survival after TLE in the whole study group [FG HR = 0.927, 95% CI (0.742–1.159); p = 0.505; SG HR = 0.845, 95% CI (0.638–1.132); p = 0.265]. Conclusions: The degree of growth and maturation of scar tissue surrounding the lead was the strongest factor leading to the development of both types of ghosts. The presence of either form of ghost did not affect long-term survival even after TLE indicated for infection.
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Cerankowski, KJ. "Chasing Charley, finding Reed: reaching toward the ghosts of the archive." Journal of Visual Culture 19, no. 2 (August 2020): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470412920944501.
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The archive consists of memories, documents, and images waiting to be curated into a story. In this article, the author collates archival object encounters into a transgender ‘ghost story’ that marks the impossibility of a straightforward history of the subject, relying instead on embodied encounters with archive objects, or the remnants (ghostly and tangible) of archival subjects. Following the materials of Charley Parkhurst and Reed Erickson, the author makes connections where none previously existed, asking: How do we put life back into the materials of the dead? What do the traces and memories of these ghosts offer the living? What do archive objects activate in the eyes that see them, the ears that listen, and the hearts that race or slow with each haptic encounter? Following these questions, this article pieces together a different kind of narrative history and transition story through the unexpected encounters with the archive and its ghosts.
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Robertsson, Johan O. A., Dirk-Jan van Manen, Fredrik Andersson, Lasse Amundsen, and Kurt Eggenberger. "Source deghosting by depth apparition." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 6 (November 1, 2017): P89—P107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0686.1.
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Marine seismic data are distorted by ghosts as waves propagating upward reflect downward from the sea surface. Ghosts appear on the source side and the receiver side. However, whereas the receiver-side ghost problem has been studied in detail, and many different solutions have been proposed and implemented commercially, the source-side ghost problem has remained largely unsolved with few satisfactory solutions available. We have developed a new and simple method to remove sea-surface ghosts that is related to the recently introduced concept of signal apparition. As opposed to the temporal/spatial source signature modulation functions used in the original signal apparition theory, our source deghosting method relies on using sources at different depths but not at the same lateral positions. The new method promises to be particularly suitable for 3D applications on sparse or incomplete acquisition geometries.
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Saeed, Manaar Kamil. "Ghost in T. S. Eliot's Poetry." Bulletin of Advanced English Studies 9, no. 1 (June 2024): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31559/baes2024.9.1.2.
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As a poet, Eliot interacted with the spirits of the eminent dead. He is always calling up ghosts in his literary practice because of how heavily he uses the echoes of deceased writers. Eliot sees Dante and Donne as live ghosts, but he attempts to cast off additional historical figures as dead weight. There are good and bad ghosts, and early Eliot saw Milton - whose subtle influence seeps into English poetic diction - as a bad ghost. In addition, Eliot wrote ritual poetry designed to elicit spiritual encounters, frequently represented by spectral beings. Dante provides a wide range of ideas for stand-alone ritual pieces, such as the ones found in the haunting sequences of "Little Gidding" and "Burnt Norton." The presence of ghosts in Eliot's writing is not directly connected to his belief in the Communion of Saints, even though he was a devoted Christian. Eliot creates a quasi-pagan faith akin to spiritualism to connect with a secular society. Ghosts are powerful symbols in T.S. Eliot's poetry that represent the poet's concern with the breakdown of contemporary society, the vanishing of spiritual principles, and the unrelenting march of time. Through the use of the ghost motif, Eliot gives a profound contemplation on the fractured nature of existence while capturing the haunting spirit of the human predicament.
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Sachs, J. R., and D. W. Martin. "The role of ATP in swelling-stimulated K-Cl cotransport in human red cell ghosts. Phosphorylation-dephosphorylation events are not in the signal transduction pathway." Journal of General Physiology 102, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 551–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.102.3.551.
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Volume-sensitive K-Cl cotransport occurs in red blood cells of many species. In intact cells, activation of K-Cl cotransport by swelling requires dephosphorylation of some cell protein, but maximal activity requires the presence of intracellular ATP. We have examined the relation between K-Cl cotransport activity and ATP in ghosts prepared from human red blood cells. K-Cl cotransport activity in swollen ghosts increased by ATP, and the increase requires Mg so that it almost certainly results from the phosphorylation of some membrane component. However, even in ATP-free ghosts residual volume-sensitive K-Cl cotransport can be demonstrated. This residual cotransport in ATP-free ghosts is greater in the presence of vanadate, a tyrosyl phosphatase inhibitor, and in ghosts that contain ATP cotransport is reduced by genistein, a tyrosyl kinase inhibitor. Okadaic acid, an inhibitor of serine and threonine phosphatases, inhibits K-Cl cotransport in ghosts as it does in intact cells. Experiments in which ghosts were preexposed to okadaic acid showed that the protein dephosphorylation that permits K-Cl cotransport can proceed to completion before the ghosts are swollen and K transport measured and therefore dephosphorylation is not a response to ghost swelling. In experiments with ATP-free ghosts we found that phosphorylation is not necessary to increase the cotransport rate when shrunken ghosts are swollen, nor is rephosphorylation necessary to decrease the cotransport rate when swollen ghosts are shrunken. Cotransport is greater in swollen than in shrunken ghosts even when the swollen and shrunken ghosts have the same concentration of cytoplasmic solutes. We conclude that, although phosphorylation and dephosphorylation modify the activity of the cotransporter in swollen and in shrunken ghosts, neither of these processes nor any other known messenger is involved in signal transduction between the cell volume sensor and the cotransporter as originally proposed by Jennings and Al-Rohil (Jennings, M. L., and N. Al-Rohil. 1990. Journal of General Physiology. 95: 1021-1040).
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D’yakov, Aleksandr V. "Ghosts of Derrida: Between the Discourse of Memory and the History of Philosophy." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences 22, no. 5 (November 20, 2022): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v208.
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The paper turns to a well-known philosophical experiment of J. Derrida, who introduced hauntology, an imaginary science of ghosts orientated towards the texts of K. Marx. Based on Derrida’s productive idea , the author of this article suggests considering the figure of the ghost as being essential for the practice of memory and as constituting self-attitude of collective consciousness. The paper demonstrates the practical aspects of Derrida’s thesis about the need to address the ghost, which is a figure necessary for the formation of collective memory. The ghost is viewed as an actor constituting the space and the internal structure of collective memory, at the same time being an initiator of and a catalyst for the development of relations introjected by collective consciousness. Oftentimes, the most significant are those ghosts that have no real referent in the historical past and constitute collective memories by themselves. Thus, the ghosts inhabiting the collective memory of humankind are always constructs of human consciousness, entities from the register of the imaginary. The author demonstrates how the mechanisms of fixing ghosts as points of crystallization of collective memory can be described in terms of political economy as paradoxical objects irreducible to universal equivalence, but supporting it. Taking Derrida’s discourse about ghosts as a starting point, the author shows in what directions the sociological, political, aesthetic and philosophical aspects of this topic can be further developed. Moreover, according to the author, philosophy should retain in this process the function of integral discourse, which allows us to stay away from pure essayism and always remember our own goals and objectives.
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ABE, MITSUO, and NOBORU NAKANISHI. "UNITARY THEORY OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM GRAVITY AND ITS EXACT COVARIANT OPERATOR SOLUTION." International Journal of Modern Physics A 06, no. 22 (September 20, 1991): 3955–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x91001921.
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The manifestly covariant canonical operator formalism of two-dimensional quantum gravity is formulated on the basis of Sato’s gauge-fixing of the Weyl invariance. The unitarity problem, due to ghost-counting mismatch, is resolved by making the gravitational FP ghosts also play the role of the Weyl FP ghosts. All two-dimensional (anti)commutators between fundamental fields are explicitly obtained.
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Branca, R. Renee. "Ghosts that are not ghosts: The domesticated un-ghost in Victorian fiction." Horror Studies 2, no. 2 (October 21, 2011): 201–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/host.2.2.201_1.
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FADDEEV, LUDVIG DMITRIEVICH. "FADDEEV–POPOV GHOSTS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 25, no. 06 (March 10, 2010): 1079–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x10049074.
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In the terminology of theoretical physics, the term "ghost" is used to identify an object that has no real physical meaning. The name "Faddeev–Popov ghosts" is given to the fictitious fields that were originally introduced in the construction of a manifestly Lorentz covariant quantization of the Yang–Mills field. Later, these objects acquired more widespread application, including in string theory. The necessity of ghosts is associated with gauge invariance. In gauge invariant theories, one usually has to deal with local fields, whose number exceeds that of physical degrees of freedom. For example in electrodynamics, in order to maintain manifest Lorentz invariance, one uses a four component vector potential Aμ(x), whereas the photon has only two polarizations. Thus, one needs a suitable mechanism in order to get rid of the unphysical degrees of freedom. Introducing fictitious fields, the ghosts, is one way of achieving this goal.
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Ye, Hanwen. "An Analysis of the Female Ghost Images in Ancient Chinese Novels on the Theme of Romantic Relationship Between Man and Ghost." Communications in Humanities Research 28, no. 1 (April 19, 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/28/20230005.
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From Jin to Qing Dynasty of China, there are a large number of novels depicting human-ghost romance. In this literature, female images, femininity and gender relationship patterns reflect the patriarchal values of a specific historical period. Previous research on ancient Chinese female ghost novels often focused on their romantic story with a male human and the awakening consciousness of female, but the research on Character depiction of female ghost was very few. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the relationship between the image shaping of female ghosts and the values of contemporary Chinese ancient patriarchal society, existing in the stories of the ancient Chinese romances novels of Song, Yuan and Ming dynasty. Studies have suggested that the female ghosts in ancient Chinese "human-ghost romance" novels are essentially projections of the male author's ideals, reflecting the phallocentrism of ancient Chinese ghost fiction.
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Auerbach, Nina. "GHOSTS OF GHOSTS." Victorian Literature and Culture 32, no. 1 (March 2004): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106015030400049x.
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Delijani, Clare Finburgh. "The Afterlives of Enslavement: Histories of Racial Injustice in Contemporary Black British Theatre." Modern Drama 65, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 471–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md-65-4-1239.
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Over the past five years, a number of Black British women authors have written what might be called postcolonial ghost plays. This article focuses, to varying degrees, on four: ear for eye (2018), debbie tucker green’s dissection of enslavement and its afterlives; Rockets and Blue Lights (2020), Winsome Pinnock’s historical film-within-a-play about the Middle Passage; The Gift (2020), Janice Okoh’s semi-biography of an African girl who became Queen Victoria’s ward; and Selina Thompson’s salt. (2018), an autobiographical performance piece tracing her ancestors’ enslavement. Ghosts and haunting, which I examine from multiple perspectives, appear across this range of theatrical genres. With their multiple, doubled, spectral, interpenetrating stories, tucker green, Pinnock, Okoh, and Thompson’s postcolonial ghost plays reactivate the past of enslavement that has not passed, that is still active in the form of racial and social injustices today. Ghosts, prevalent across the plays, represent the dead who, plumbing the depths of the Middle Passage, are denied a resting place. The ghost, the figure of the living dead par excellence, reflects the dehumanization of trafficked Africans, from whom their enslavers sought to subtract all subjectivity. Ghosts, too, reveal the work of mourning performed by the living for those who were never properly buried. This mourning exposes and disrupts enduring structures of injustice, and searches for reparation. Ghosts, or revenants, returning and refusing to rest, represent the resilient resistance to injustice. Finally, ghosts, neither fully past nor present, absent or present, symbolize indeterminacy and instability, illustrated in the plays by subjects determined to take control of their own identities and destinies. Together, these plays demonstrate how we must look back to the roots of historical racism in order to look forward to its eradication.
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Nounanaki, Aphrodite-Lidia, and Rea Kakampoura. "Ghosts in the streets of Athens: Ghostlore and social media." Bulletin de l'Institut etnographique 71, no. 2 (2023): 199–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gei2302199n.
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Ghostlore or ghost-lore is, in short, a subgenre of folklore that focuses on ghostly tales which can be found in both pre-industrial and contemporary contexts. The majority of these stories are connected to houses and other buildings that are either dilapidated or inhabited but can be described mainly as private places. Due to the nature of public places -whether they are connected to people?s experiences or could be described as non-places- it is odd to ?find? ghosts there, as it is odd to ?find? them in parks or streets. However, they remain social places open to multiple interpretations and symbolisms. Through pertinent online entries, mostly uploaded by groups describing their practices as ?investigating? the paranormal or the occult, this paper aims to discuss the connection between ghost-lore and public places, mainly from the city of Athens. Furthermore, a very important aspect demonstrating the effectiveness of these online entries are the comments made by the netizens following these ?investigations?, which result in the formation of new groups. These groups are created online, but are driven by a common interest in ghosts in the offline world. Thus, in order to study how the physical public space is being reinterpreted in light of the supernatural, the paper intends to approach the digital public space of social media.
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Nengsih, Sri Wahyu. "FORMULA DAN STRUKTUR MANTRA BANJAR: SUMPAH SERAPAH MAMBURU HANTU KUYANG." UNDAS: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Bahasa dan Sastra 16, no. 1 (June 28, 2020): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/und.v16i1.2215.
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This study aims to describe the structure and formula of mantra 'The Oath To Hunt Kuyang Ghosts'. Mantra is an old literary poetry that contains a unique arrangement of words and certain magical power to achieve a goal. This study analyzes the Banjar mantra to exorcize Kuyang ghosts (SSMHK). Mantra SSMHK is usually used by midwives or traditional birth attendants in Banjar a long time ago so that they wouldn't be disturbed by Kuyang ghosts when they are helping people to give birth. Kuyang is believed as a bloodsucking female ghost who uses Kuyang oil to find her prey. Kuyang oil is used as a means to make a woman's face look beautiful. This study uses a structural approach that emphasizes on textual analysis. The results of the analysis provide a brief description of the oral aspects in the form of mantra structures, repetition formulas, parallelism formulas, syntactic formulas, and formulaic expressions on Banjar mantra 'The Oath To Hunt Kuyang Ghost'.
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Colclasure, G. C., J. C. Parker, and P. B. Dunham. "Creatine kinase is required for swelling-activated K-Cl cotransport in dog red blood cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 268, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): C660—C668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1995.268.3.c660.
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K-Cl cotransport in resealed dog red cell ghosts requires the incorporation of creatine phosphate before resealing; incorporation of ATP has no effect [Colclasure and Parker. Am. J. Physiol. 265 (Cell Physiol. 34): C1648-C1652, 1993]. A role for creatine kinase (CK) in swelling-activated K-Cl cotransport was investigated. 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), an inhibitor of CK, inhibited K-Cl cotransport in intact red blood cells and resealed ghosts from DNFB-treated cells. Incorporation of exogenous CK into ghosts of DNFB-treated cells restored K-Cl cotransport. Therefore DNFB inhibits CK and not the cotransporter. Inhibition of native CK in ghosts by DNFB and the incorporation of CK into the ghosts were demonstrated in electrophoretic gels. In a dose-response experiment, approximately 770 molecules CK/ghost restored 50% of control cotransport. Since creatine phosphate is a substrate only for CK, CK provides ATP to a site inaccessible to cytoplasmic ATP. The nature of this site and its role in K-Cl cotransport are uncertain, but an essential function for CK is established.
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Jawale, Chetan V., and John Hwa Lee. "Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Ghosts Carrying the Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin B Subunit Are Capable of Inducing Enhanced Protective Immune Responses." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 21, no. 6 (March 26, 2014): 799–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00016-14.
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ABSTRACTTheEscherichia coliheat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) is a potent vaccine adjuvant.Salmonella entericaserovar Enteritidis ghosts carrying LTB (S. Enteritidis-LTB ghosts) were genetically constructed using a novel plasmid, pJHL187-LTB, designed for the coexpression of the LTB and E lysis proteins.S. Enteritidis-LTB ghosts were characterized using scanning electron microscopy to visualize their transmembrane tunnel structures. The expression of LTB inS. Enteritidis-LTB ghost preparations was confirmed by immunoblot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The parenteral adjuvant activity of LTB was demonstrated by immunizing chickens with eitherS. Enteritidis-LTB ghosts orS. Enteritidis ghosts. Chickens were intramuscularly primed at 5 weeks of age and subsequently boosted at 8 weeks of age. In total, 60 chickens were equally divided into three groups (n= 20 for each): group A, nonvaccinated control; group B, immunized withS. Enteritidis-LTB ghosts; and group C, immunized withS. Enteritidis ghosts. Compared with the nonimmunized chickens (group A), the immunized chickens (groups B and C) exhibited increased titers of plasma IgG and intestinal secretory IgA antibodies. The CD3+CD4+subpopulation of T cells was also significantly increased in both immunized groups. Among the immunized chickens, those in group B exhibited significantly increased titers of specific plasma IgG and intestinal secretory IgA (sIgA) antibodies compared with those in group C, indicating the immunomodulatory effects of the LTB adjuvant. Furthermore, both immunized groups exhibited decreased bacterial loads in their feces and internal organs. These results indicate that parenteral immunization withS. Enteritidis-LTB ghosts can stimulate superior induction of systemic and mucosal immune responses compared to immunization withS. Enteritidis ghosts alone, thus conferring efficient protection against salmonellosis.
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Hopgood, M. F., S. E. Knowles, and F. J. Ballard. "Proteolysis of N-ethylmaleimide-modified aldolase loaded into erythrocyte ghosts: prevention by inhibitors of calpain." Biochemical Journal 259, no. 1 (April 1, 1989): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2590237.
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1. When rabbit muscle aldolase labelled with tritium and inactivated by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) was loaded into erythrocyte ghosts, significant proteolysis of the loaded protein occurred. The major product of this proteolysis, separated by electrophoresis under dissociating conditions, was found to be approx. 2 kDa smaller than the parent protein. 2. Proteolysis was detectable during erythrocyte ghost loading at 0 degrees C, reaching a plateau after approx. 12 min. Subsequent incubation at 37 degrees C to allow resealing of the ghosts resulted in additional proteolysis, and up to 20% of the loaded protein was converted to the smaller 38 kDa derivative. 3. EDTA, EGTA, leupeptin and chymostatin, each inhibitors of calcium-activated neutral proteinases (calpains), were the most effective inhibitors of the proteolysis of NEM-inactivated aldolase in ghosts. Other proteinase inhibitors were ineffective, while phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride was only partially effective. 4. Inhibition of the proteolysis by EGTA was prevented by CaCl2, supporting the involvement of erythrocyte calpain. 5. Pretreatment of ghosts with EGTA prior to loading of NEM-modified aldolase followed by microinjection of the protein into HeLa cells did not result in a different rate of its overall breakdown to acid-soluble products. EGTA is suggested as a useful agent for the erythrocyte ghost-mediated microinjection of calpain-sensitive proteins.
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Karkazis, Katrina, and Rebecca Jordan-Young. "Sensing Race as a Ghost Variable in Science, Technology, and Medicine." Science, Technology, & Human Values 45, no. 5 (July 27, 2020): 763–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162243920939306.
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Ghost variables are variables in program languages that do not correspond to physical entities. This special issue, based on a panel on “Race as a Ghost Variable” at the 2017 Meeting of the Society for Social Studies of Science, traces ideas of “race” in particular niches of science, technology, and medicine where it is submerged and disavowed, yet wields power. Each paper is a case study exploring ghosts that emerge through the resonance among things as heterogeneous as hair patterns, hormone levels, food tastes, drug use, clinic locations, proximity to disaster, job classifications, and social belonging and suspicion, all of which vibrate with meanings accumulated over long racial histories. Together, the papers further elaborate methods and analytic models for identifying the operations of race—the relations and processes that make it, the effects that it has. A chief appeal of the metaphor of the ghost is that it brings the importance of history to the fore. Ghosts are simultaneously history and the present, not just an accretion of earlier experiences, but the palimpsest left when one tries to erase them. Sometimes faint and hard to discern, sometimes rambunctious and disruptive, ghosts refuse our attempts to simply move on.
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Oh, Jeongmi. "Research on world “Water ghost stories”: Focusing on the types of water ghosts and the functions of ‘Seizer’." Institute of Humanities at Soonchunhyang University 42, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 39–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35222/ihsu.2023.42.4.39.
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Water demons are beings that have an inseparable relationship with water, seducing people through their voices and eventually leading them to death. Water demons are dual beings, both human and ghost, and the mechanism of seduction and death through their voices is emphasized. Even to this day, ''‘Water ghost’ stories'' stands out among ''modern ghost stories'' more than any other story, and is actively handed down. In addition to beings called ''Water ghosts'', there are also monster-like water fairies, feminine beings with ''恨'' who seduce and eat people. It is found all over the world, including Germanic mythology, Slavic mythology, and Indonesian legends. They are people and ghosts, and monsters and fairies. Until now, this linguistic gap could not be resolved because the standards and foundations for storytelling had not been established. Now these Water ghost types need to be sorted out and redefined.
We have experienced various symbolic dimensions of nature through the presence of water ghosts in the story. The archetype of the Water ghost changes over time, from the Water ghost who tempts people to death with voices from the past to the mermaid princess who sacrifices herself for love. In this paper, I have newly introduced the “Water ghost' stories” and have attempted to establish the types and prototype meanings of new theory of “Water ghost' stories” around the world. In addition to comparing stories from Korea and abroad, focusing on stories in which water ghost appear, we will also consider women's ‘Seizure’ and death through their voices. I would also like to classify the types and clarify the meaning of the original form of the World Water ghost.
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Halimah, Umi. "HANTU PEREMPUAN JAWA DALAM ALAMING LELEMBUT SEBAGAI REPRESENTASI FEMME FATALE." Sabda : Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan 10, no. 1 (February 3, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/sabda.v10i1.13302.
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This research entitled “The Javanese Female Ghost in “Panjebar Semangat” as a Representation of Femme Fatale”aims to show the feminist value in Javanese horror stories with female ghost as a villain and men as most of their victims. This research uses feminism as a main approach and femme fatale theory as the specific approach theory. This research shows that there are three kinds of of female ghost, they are female ghosts who experienced a miserable life before her death, sensual women and women whose background is not known. For the three kinds of women it can be revealed the causes of the female spirits to become evil spirits, the modes of female ghosts to ensnare and trap victims, the female ghost‟s harmful effects to men, and the solutions as the anti-climac in the story
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DERHAM, Barry K., and John J. HARDING. "Enzyme activity after resealing within ghost erythrocyte cells, and protection by α-crystallin against fructose-induced inactivation." Biochemical Journal 368, no. 3 (December 15, 2002): 865–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20020924.
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The role of α-crystallin as a molecular chaperone has been shown in many in vitro studies. In the present paper, we report on the chaperone function of α-crystallin within resealed erythrocyte ghosts. Eight enzymes were individually resealed within erythrocyte ghosts and assayed at zero time and at 24h. The ghost cell suspension was separated into soluble and membrane fractions. Five of the enzymes had significantly greater enzyme activity after 24h than the control within the soluble fractions. Fructation caused a decrease in enzyme activity (relative to the control). Resealing of α-crystallin within the ghost cell alongside the enzymes protected against inactivation by fructose within the soluble fraction.
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Yang, Yiping, Chuan Chen, Yong Jia, Guolong Cui, and Shisheng Guo. "Non-Line-of-Sight Target Detection Based on Dual-View Observation with Single-Channel UWB Radar." Remote Sensing 14, no. 18 (September 11, 2022): 4532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184532.
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Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) target detection utilizing multipath plays an important role in anti-terrorism, urban warfare, indoor rescue and intelligent driving. In this paper, an imaging method based on single-channel ultra-wideband (UWB) radar and dual-view observation is proposed for detecting NLOS targets. First, the cause of producing ghosts from a single view in a previous study is analyzed in detail. On this basis, with focusing on dual-view observation, the ghost problem is handled at two levels. From the level of the radar echo, path partition is conducted with the utilization of dual-view observation, solving the problem of uneven energy among multipaths. After that, two images are generated by multipath imaging, respectively, which reduces the accumulation of ghosts. From the level of the image, owing to the distinct distribution of ghosts between the imaging result, the ghosts at different locations are eliminated by image fusion. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with single view and direct multipath imaging, the approach based on dual-view observation successfully eliminates most ghosts while retaining the targets in both single-target and double-targets scenarios, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.
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Takahashi, Hara. "The Ghosts of Tsunami Dead and Kokoro no kea in Japan’s Religious Landscape." Journal of Religion in Japan 5, no. 2-3 (2016): 176–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22118349-00502002.
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Since the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami in 2011, ghost tales have spread throughout disaster affected areas. There have been reports of ghost sightings and even of people being possessed by ghosts of the tsunami dead. In 2013, I conducted a survey to investigate how religious specialists deal with such phenomena. The results show that a substantial number of them were actually consulted by people troubled by ghosts. In this article, I identify four common characteristics of how priests treat such clients: (1) Acceptance and listening, (2) Performing rituals, (3) Providing moral instruction, and (4) Promoting self-care for the afflicted. Priests offer traditional religious care, but the care they provide is based on a psychological understanding of ghosts, while they also account for secular factors when considering how to best treat the people who come to them for help. This attitude toward ghosts and treatment reflects the priests’ struggle to work in the interstices between the secular and the religious in contemporary Japan, a balancing act which accounts for the recent increase of religious specialists offering kokoro no kea (care of the heart/mind) based on secular teachings in clinical fieldsites. Whether this trend will be successful or not is a yardstick by which to judge the secularity or post-secularity of contemporary and future Japanese society.
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SANGHA, LAURA. "THE SOCIAL, PERSONAL, AND SPIRITUAL DYNAMICS OF GHOST STORIES IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND." Historical Journal 63, no. 2 (January 16, 2019): 339–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x1800047x.
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AbstractIn early modern England, spectral figures were regular visitors to the world of the living and a vibrant variety of beliefs and expectations clustered around these questionable shapes. Yet whilst historians have established the importance of ghosts as cultural resources that were used to articulate a range of contemporary concerns about worldly life, we know less about the social and personal dynamics that underpinned the telling, recording, and circulation of ghost stories at the time. This article therefore focuses on a unique set of manuscript sources relating to apparitions in late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century England to uncover a different vantage point. Drawing on the life-writing and correspondence of the antiquarian who collected the narratives, it lays bare concerns about familial relations and gender that ghost stories were bound up with. Tracing the way that belief in ghosts functioned at an individual level also allows the recovery of the personal religious sensibilities and spiritual imperatives that sustained and nourished continuing belief in ghosts. This subjective angle demonstrates that ghost stories were closely intertwined with processes of grieving and remembering the dead, and they continued to be associated with theological understandings of the afterlife and the fate of the soul.
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O'Neill, W. C. "Volume-sensitive, Cl-dependent K transport in resealed human erythrocyte ghosts." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 256, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): C81—C88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1989.256.1.c81.
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Potassium influx and efflux in Cl and NO3 media were measured in resealed ghosts prepared from human red cells. Cl-dependent K influx was three times that in intact cells and, as in intact cells, was partially supported by Br but not by thiocyanate (SCN). In other properties, this flux differed from that in intact cells: substitution of N-methylglucamine for Na did not decrease but rather increased Cl-dependent K influx, the affinity for external K was reduced, with a Km of 21.3 +/- 12.5 mM, and inhibition by furosemide and bumetanide was incomplete. Furosemide at 1 mM inhibited Cl-dependent influx by 26 and 51% at 4 and 20 mM K, respectively. Bumetanide inhibited Cl-dependent K influx by 0 and 55% at concentrations of 10 microM and 1 mM, respectively, in 4 mM K, with no further inhibition at 20 mM K. Neither the magnitude nor the properties of the flux were altered by preparing ghosts in the presence of 1,4-dithiothreitol, indicating that sulfhydryl oxidation was not responsible for the altered flux in ghosts. Treatment with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) either before or after ghost preparation did not increase Cl-dependent K influx. However, Cl-dependent influx in ghosts could be augmented by increasing ghost volume or ATP content. Resealed human erythrocyte ghosts thus exhibit a volume- and ATP-sensitive, Cl-dependent K flux that differs substantially from the putative Na-K-Cl cotransport in intact cells in that it is independent of Na, is relatively resistant to furosemide and bumetanide, and has a low affinity for K.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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SARDANYÉS, JOSEP, and RICARD V. SOLÉ. "GHOSTS IN THE ORIGINS OF LIFE?" International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 16, no. 09 (September 2006): 2761–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127406016446.
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The so-called bottleneck or ghost can appear after a saddle-node bifurcation, leaving a region in phase space by which the flow is attracted although no fixed points are present. Such ghosts, displayed by some dynamical systems, actually cause a delay of the flow. In this paper, we analyze a saddle-node ghost found in a biological model for the two-member hypercycle dynamics. The model predicts a scaling law of the dynamic delay caused by the ghost near the threshold: τ ~ ϕ-1/2, consistent with previous results in physical systems. Possible biological meanings for such a dynamical phenomenon are outlined.
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Doig, P., A. L. Franklin, and R. T. Irvin. "The binding of Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane ghosts to human buccal epithelial cells." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 32, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m86-032.
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The binding of outer membrane (OM) ghosts derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 492c to human buccal epithelial cells (BECs) was examined. Electron microscopic examination of the binding of OM ghosts to BECs revealed direct OM ghost–BEC interaction. Equilibrium analysis of the binding of OM ghosts to trypsinized BECs employing the Langmuir adsorption isotherm indicated the number of binding sites (iV) to be 1.3 × 10−1 μg protein per BEC with an apparent association constant (Ka) of 3.4 × 10−2 mL/μg protein. The Langmuir analysis of binding of OM ghosts to untrypsinized BECs was complex, suggesting two possible classes of receptors, a high affinity–low copy number class (Ka, 1.8 × 10−2 mL/μg protein; N, 8.6 × 10−5 μg protein per BEC) and a low affinity – high copy number class(Afa, 3.7 × 10−3 mL/μg protein; N, 9.2 × 10−4 μg protein per BEC). Sugar inhibition studies incorporating D-galactose enhanced binding to each BEC type. N-Acetylneuraminic acid and N-acetyl-glucosamine both enhanced binding of OM ghosts to untrypsinized BECs, while inhibiting binding to trypsinized BECs. D-Arabinose inhibited binding to both BEC types. Binding of OM ghosts to both BEC types was greatly inhibited by D-fucose, while L-fucose only greatly inhibited binding to untrypsinized BECs. These sugar inhibition data demonstrated a difference in the binding of OM ghosts to trypsinized and untrypsinized BECs and possibly reveal the nature of the receptor(s), free of possible bacterial metabolic effects. These data indicated that OM ghosts from 492c appear to bind to BECs in a similar manner to the intact bacteria and represent a simple model system to study the adhesion of P. aeruginosa to BECs.
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Rajik, Jeffrey A. "Tausug Folktales: A Reflection of Beliefs in Ghosts." EAS Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies 6, no. 05 (December 16, 2024): 173–79. https://doi.org/10.36349/easjhcs.2024.v06i05.005.
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This qualitative study explores Tausug beliefs about ghosts through an analysis of seven folktales collected from the Language Department of Mindanao State University in Tawi-Tawi, Philippines. The findings reveal a nuanced understanding of the supernatural, distinguishing between "living" and "dead" ghosts, and emphasizing the importance of proper burial rituals and community practices in managing interactions with the spirit world. Additionally, the research highlights the interplay between Tausug cultural values, Islamic faith, and the responses to the perceived threats and benefits associated with ghost encounters. Moreover, the study demonstrates that beliefs about ghosts are deeply intertwined with daily life, influencing social interactions and providing frameworks for coping with death and uncertainty. This research offers valuable insights into the Tausug worldview, illustrating the ongoing relevance of folklore in shaping cultural identity within a rapidly changing society.
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Hoffman, Joseph F. "Evidence that asymmetry of the membrane/cytoskeletal complex in human red blood cell ghosts is responsible for their biconcave shape." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 7 (January 30, 2018): 1641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721463115.
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The main conclusion of the results reported in this article is that during centrifugation, sphered red blood cell ghosts become oriented in their attachment to a coverslip such that a dense band within the ghosts lies parallel to the centrifugal field. The result of the orientation of this dense band is that when the attached spherical ghosts are shrunken to become biconcave discs, they do so by directly collapsing on themselves without any lateral motion. This result is interpreted to suggest that a dense band, relative to the dimple, resides in the rim of the ghost and is responsible for its biconcave shape. These results confirm the conclusions reached in a previous publication in which there was the uncertainty that the shape change of the spherical ghosts to discs could not be directly imaged. The present work corrects this limitation by use of a chamber in which the tonicity of the solutions in the ghosts’ surround could be altered by perfusion coupled with constant microscopic imaging. The identity of the components that are responsible for the differences in the density (mass) between the rim and the dimple regions of the cytoskeletal/membrane complex in the biconcave disk are unknown. It is also unknown what forces apply or what the explanation is for the unique orientation of the dense band during the ghosts’ centrifugation, as described in this article. Nevertheless, the results reported in this article indicate the membrane’s underlying cytoskeletal complex is asymmetrically distributed.
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Niehaus, Isak. "On the mobility of ghosts: spectral journeys in the South African lowveld." Africa 93, no. 1 (February 2023): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972023000141.
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AbstractIn studies of Southern Africa, ancestors and possessing spirits have received far greater attention than ghosts. It is only in recent years that fragmentary references to ghosts have begun to appear in the ethnographic record. In this article, I seek to redress this imbalance by documenting stories and accounts of encounters with ghosts in the South African lowveld. I turn to studies of ghosts in Asia and elsewhere as an analytical starting point for interpreting their social and cosmological significance. A widespread theory in this literature is that narratives of ghosts are a means of emplacement, connecting people to places. But the theory does not capture the way in which narratives in the South African lowveld depict ghosts as essentially mobile beings. This is most evident in accounts of vanishing hitchhikers on the highways and of a ghost called sauwe, which captures people’s minds and forces them to walk in the direction of graveyards. These narratives speak of displacement, of spectral journeys and of routes rather than stable locations. The apparitions serve as reminders of the failure to take care of the spirits of those who suffered violent deaths and bring them home. But we can also see them as traces of past injustices and of violence in a haunted landscape, and as mirrors of villagers’ own historical experiences of displacement, experiences that were a hallmark of forced removals and of the migrant labour system during the apartheid era.
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Bozzo, Jordi, Raúl Tonda, María‐Rosa Hernández, Mònica Alemany, Ana‐María Galán, Antonio Ordinas, and Ginés Escolar. "Comparison of the effects of human erythrocyte ghosts and intact erythrocytes on platelet interactions with subendothelium in flowing blood." Biorheology: The Official Journal of the International Society of Biorheology 38, no. 5-6 (September 2001): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0006355x2001038005006006.
Full textAbstract:
We investigated whether ghosts behaved similarly to intact erythrocytes to maintain regular primary hemostasis under flow conditions. To this end we performed perfusion experiments with whole blood in which erythrocytes were replaced by pink ghosts, and platelet interaction with the subendothelial surface of a damaged vessel was morphometrically evaluated. The same objective was sought by means of studies with a platelet function analyzer (PFA‐100TM instrument). Perfusions performed with control blood reconstituted with intact erythrocytes gave rise to 0.4±0.2% contact but not spread platelets, 10.8±3.4% adhering and spread platelets, 16.3±4.6% platelets in thrombi, with 27.5±7.4% of the surface covered. Even though the average diameter of the ghosts was smaller than that of intact erythrocytes (5.3 μm vs. 7.7 μm), the values obtained in perfusions performed with ghosts were similar to those of the erythrocyte controls. Studies performed with the PFA‐100TM analyzer were consistent with those observed in perfusion studies. The viscosity of control blood was compared with that of blood reconstituted with ghosts. At shear rates lower than 450 s−1, the viscosity of the ghost samples was higher than that of the controls, but the difference progressively decreased as shear rate increased up to 750 s−1 (3.61±0.15 and 3.71±0.17 cP, respectively). In conclusion, the results of our study showed that ghosts behaved similarly to intact erythrocytes in maintaining a normal platelet interaction with digested subendothelium, under conditions of moderate shear rate and constant hematocrit (40%). The rheological activity of ghosts, bodies that are metabolically less active, was sufficient for them to satisfactorily act as substitutes for intact erythrocytes in our system.