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1

Mignolli, Francesco, Graciela Beatriz Rojas, and María Laura Vidoz. "Supraoptimal ethylene acts antagonistically with exogenous gibberellins during Solanum lycopersicum (Solanaceae) hypocotyl growth." Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 51, no. 2 (2016): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31055/1851.2372.v51.n2.14836.

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In many plant species, ethylene and gibberellins interact to regulate plant growth and development. In some cases, these hormones can act in a synergistic way whereas in others they can be antagonistic. To date, the control of hypocotyl elongation by ethylene and gibberellins has been poorly explored in tomato. In this paper, we report that, application of exogenous ethylene to tomato seedlings or high endogenous ethylene production, as in the epinastic mutant, strongly prevent the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) application. Moreover, constitutive activation of gibberellin signal in a DELLA
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2

Potter, T. I., K. P. Zanewich, and S. B. Rood. "Gibberellin physiology of safflower: endogenous gibberellins and response to gibberellic acid." Plant Growth Regulation 12, no. 1-2 (1993): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00144594.

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3

Ashok, Kumar, CP Singh, and Ram Sant. "Response of Plant Hormone bioassay to Paclobutrazol." International Journal of Plant Science and Horticulture 1, no. 3 (2019): 150–62. https://doi.org/10.36811/ijpsh.2019.110014.

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Quantitative estimation of a known or suspected biologically active substance (such as a hormone or drug) by measuring its effect on a living organism in standard conditions is known as bioassay. The interaction of gibberellic acid (GA3) and paclobutrazol (PBZ) in lettuce hypocotyl bioassay and 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) and paclobutrazol in radish cotyledon enlargement test that paclobutrazol counteracts gibberellin activity when applied exogenously. The radish cotyledon enlargement at low concentration without counteracting BAP action. The reduction of growth to be counteracting of gibberell
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4

Wiseman, Nadine J., and Colin G. N. Turnbull. "Effects of photoperiod and paclobutrazol on growth dynamics of petioles in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)." Functional Plant Biology 26, no. 4 (1999): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp98001.

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Petiole elongation of strawberry plants (Fragaria × ananassa) is modified by photoperiod, and gibberellins may mediate this response. To test the relationship further, we measured petiole growth dynamics under short and long days, in comparison with responses to paclobutrazol, which reduces gibberellin biosynthesis. Growth rate in short days was lower after 2 days, and at its maximum was 60% of long-day controls. Petiole length at maturity was 75%, and was accounted for primarily by decreased cell length. Subsequent leaves showed similar patterns, but in the third leaf, cell number was also re
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5

Wang, Bing, and Alan R. Langille. "Response of a Gibberellin-deficient Potato Mutant to Induction and Growth Regulators as a Working Model for Tuber Initiation." HortScience 42, no. 3 (2007): 540–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.42.3.540.

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To explore further the role endogenous gibberellins play in the formation of the potato tuber, a gibberellin-deficient dwarf of Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena (PI 281036) and its normal sibling were used in this study. Because gibberellins are known to be elevated and to affect tuber formation negatively when potato plants are grown under long day conditions, test plants were first grown in a growth chamber under conditions that did not favor tuberization (noninducing conditions). The stem apices of dwarfs received weekly applications of a 100-ppm gibberellic acid (GA3) solution to achieve
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6

Hanley, Kathleen M., and Duane W. Greene. "Gibberellin-like Compounds from Two Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and the GA3 Response on Scotch Pine Seedlings." HortScience 22, no. 4 (1987): 591–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.22.4.591.

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Abstract The ectomycorrhizal fungi Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch and Thelephora terestris (Ehrh) Fr. form symbiotic relationships with pine seedling roots. Significant quantities of gibberellin-like compounds were detected in the filtrates of both P. tinctorius and T. terestris using the lettuce hypocotyl bioassay. To evaluate gibberellin effects on the host physiology, pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings were treated biweekly with 0 to 100 mg·liter-1 gibberellic acid for 3 months. Treatment did not influence fresh weight, dry weight, or sugar content in either roots or shoo
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7

Lupepsa, Bruna Francini, Osvaldo Ferrarese-Filho, Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin, Rogerio Marchiosi, and Wanderley Dantas dos Santos. "Gibberellin biosynthesis, its roles in plant physiology and abiotic stress responses." Brazilian Journal of Development 10, no. 11 (2024): e74232. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv10n11-003.

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Gibberellins (GAs) are a group of phytohormones that significantly impact plant growth and development processes, including seed germination, stem elongation, and fruit development. These diterpenoid acids are influenced by environmental factors such as light and temperature, which can alter their concentration and activity. Initially discovered in the 1920s in the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi, over 136 GAs have been identified in various plants, fungi, and bacteria. A particularly active form of gibberellin, GA3, is widely used in agriculture to promote cell elongation, induce the grow of seed
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8

Nawfetrias, W., D. Maretta, D. P. Handayani, et al. "Vegetative response of shallot (Allium cepa Aggregatum group) bulbs on vernalization and gibberellin treatment in different environments." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1271, no. 1 (2023): 012097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1271/1/012097.

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Abstract This research is an initial study of the effects of vernalization and Gibberellins in two different environments. The research was conducted in a split-split plot design with three factors and three times repetition. The main plot was the environment (environment 1, environment 2), the split plot was vernalization temperature (3±2 and 9±2°C), and split-split plot was Gibberellin concentration (0, 50, 100, 150 ppm). The result showed that the vernalizations and Gibberellin have significantly affected plant height (p<0.01). The environment significantly affected plant height, number
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9

Han, Jennifer, Jan E. Murray, Qingyi Yu, Paul H. Moore, and Ray Ming. "The Effects of Gibberellic Acid on Sex Expression and Secondary Sexual Characteristics in Papaya." HortScience 49, no. 3 (2014): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.49.3.378.

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The vegetative forms of male (XY), female (XX), and hermaphrodite (XYh) papaya (Carica papaya L.) plants are phenotypically identical. However, the flower and inflorescence morphology of each sex type is unique. Gynodioecious varieties SunUp, SunUp Diminutive mutant, and dioecious AU9 were used to test the response of papaya to gibberellic acid (GA3). Exogenous applications of GA3 on female and hermaphrodite flowers of papaya did not yield any sex reversal phenotype but caused a significant increase in peduncle elongation and inflorescence branch number in all treated plants. An increase in fl
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10

Hou, J. Q., and G. M. Simpson. "Germination response to phytochrome depends on specific dormancy states in wild oat (Avena fatua)." Canadian Journal of Botany 71, no. 11 (1993): 1528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b93-185.

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Effects of brief red and far-red light on germination of seeds from dormant lines of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) were studied in combination with mechanical injury to the seed coat, application of gibberellin A3, or changes in relative humidity during afterripening. Aberrant germination responses to phytochrome action were observed in the mechanically injured seeds in some of the lines, i.e., brief red light inhibited or delayed germination induced by injury, and immediately following far-red light cancelled the negative effects. Phytochrome action influenced germination of the gibberellin-treat
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11

Wang, Bingxuan, Kainan Yin, Choufei Wu, Liang Wang, Lianghong Yin, and Haiping Lin. "Medium Optimization for GA4 Production by Gibberella fujikuroi Using Response Surface Methodology." Fermentation 8, no. 5 (2022): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8050230.

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Gibberellin is an important plant growth regulator that has been widely used in agricultural production with great market prospects. However, the low yield from Gibberella fujikuroi restricts its application. To improve the production of gibberellin A4 (GA4), the response surface methodology was used in this study to explore the effect of different types and concentrations of vegetable oil and precursors on the production of GA4. Based on a single factor experiment, the Behnken box and central composite designs were used to establish the fermentation condition model, and the response surface m
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12

Budiarto, Rahmat, Syariful Mubarok, Muhammad Achirul Nanda, Maulidan Nabiyyu, and Moh Haris Imron S. Jaya. "The Increase in Kaffir Lime Leaf Production Due to Gibberellin Is Diminished by Pruning." Horticulturae 9, no. 9 (2023): 1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9091018.

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Gibberellin regulates the flowering and fruiting response of fruit-oriented citrus, but there are a lack of studies on the methods for boosting the production of leaf-oriented citrus. This study aimed to analyze the effects of exogenous gibberellins and pruning on the leaf production of kaffir lime. Kaffir lime seedlings, grafted into rangpur lime, were arranged in a split-plot design under an open field condition. Four gibberellin concentrations (control, 0.005%, 0.01%, and 0.02%) and two pruning levels (no pruning and pruning at 30 cm main stem) were subjected to selected seedlings. The resu
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13

Mulyanti, Dewi Yana, and Lukman Martunis. "Jicama Seed Response After Administering Auxiliary Hormones and Gibberellins." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 23, no. 1 (2023): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v23i1.4656.

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Plant growth and development is influenced by hormones, which are chemical compounds that are synthesized in a part of the organs that are distributed to the organs, and play a special role at low doses or are slightly able to stimulate plant growth, development and metabolic processes. One of the plants that need growth regulators or hormones for growth and development is Jicama. The aim of the study was to see the response of jicama seeds after administration of auxin and gibberellin hormones. This study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), namely the first factor of the Auxin hor
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14

Pharis, R. P., F. C. Yeh, and Bruce P. Dancik. "Superior growth potential in trees: What is its basis, and can it be tested for at an early age?" Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 3 (1991): 368–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-045.

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Inherently rapid growth in black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and radiata pine (Pinusradiata D. Don) could be characterised at a relatively early age (e.g., 3–6 months from germination) by growing progeny of family crosses in near-optimal phytotron or glasshouse environmental conditions. This observation was retrospective in nature, in that the studies of very early performance utilized stored seed from families that had been already tested to age 10+ years in field progeny trials. The very early traits that show the most significant family correlation with the field performance (heigh
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15

Ramon, Uria, David Weiss, and Natanella Illouz‐Eliaz. "Underground gibberellin activity: differential gibberellin response in tomato shoots and roots." New Phytologist 229, no. 3 (2020): 1196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.16876.

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16

de Souza-Vieira, Ygor, Esther Felix-Mendes, Gabriela Valente-Almeida, et al. "Analysis of the Genes from Gibberellin, Jasmonate, and Auxin Signaling Under Drought Stress: A Genome-Wide Approach in Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.)." Plants 14, no. 8 (2025): 1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14081256.

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Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) can tolerate long periods of dehydration, allowing the investigation of gene circuits involved in drought tolerance. Genes from gibberellins, jasmonates, and auxin signaling are important for crosstalk in the developmental and environmental adaptation process to drought conditions. However, the genes related to these signals, as well as their transcription profiles under drought, remain poorly characterized in the castor bean. In the present work, genes from gibberellins, jasmonates, and auxin signaling were identified and molecularly characterized. These anal
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17

Alwan, Samer Hussein, Mazen Amer Owen, Omar Arshad Omar, and Ziad Khalaf Salih. "Effect of Biochar Application and Foliar Application of Gibberellin and Cytokinin on Growth and Flowering of Chinese Carnations Dianthus chinensis." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1158, no. 4 (2023): 042016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1158/4/042016.

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Abstract The experiment was carried out in the Horticulture Department and Landscaping, College of Agriculture, Tikrit University, during the Agricultural season 2021-2022 to study the response of Chinese carnation to biochar and growth regular carried out with two factors Add biochar at two levels without adding and adding 10 g under the seedlings, the second factor was spraying with gibberellin and cytokinin growth regulators at four levels (no spray, spraying-1 with gibberellin at a concentration of 100 mg L-1 Cytokine spray at a concentration of 100 mg. Liter-1 and spraying with a mixture
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18

Wang, Yaochen, Yifei Huang, Yixin Chen, et al. "Genome-Wide Identification of GAST Family Members and Their Potential Roles in Epicotyl Dormancy in Chinese Cork Oak (Quercus variabilis)." Plants 13, no. 9 (2024): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13091247.

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Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis Blume) is a widespread tree species with high economic and ecological values. Chinese cork oak exhibits epicotyl dormancy, causing emergence heterogeneity and affecting the quality of seedling cultivation. Gibberellic acid-stimulated transcript (GAST) is a plant-specific protein family that plays a crucial regulatory role in plant growth, development, and seed germination. However, their evolution in Chinese cork oak and roles in epicotyl dormancy are still unclear. Here, a genome-wide identification of the GAST gene family was conducted in Chinese cork oak
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19

Basnizki, Jehuda, and Eliezer E. Goldschmidt. "FURTHER EXAMINATION OF GIBBERELLIN A, EFFECTS ON FLOWERING OF GLOBE ARTICHOKES (CYNARA SCOLYMUS L.) UNDER CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AND FIELD CONDITIONS." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 42, no. 2 (1994): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1994.10676567.

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The effect of gibberellin A3 (GA3) treatments on flowering of seed-grown globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus) was investigated under controlled environment and field conditions. GA3 induced flower initiation in lines ‘060’ and ‘Talpiot’ under strictly noninductive, short-day-high-temperature conditions. In ‘Talpiot’, GA3 induced microscopically detectable flower initiation but no stem elongation, suggesting involvement of gibberellins in the flower formation process. Under field conditions, GA3 replaced the cold requirements of line ‘HU 271’, thereby enabling the start of flowering during autumn.
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20

Y., Aminu,, Maryam, M.G., and Kabiru, S.A. "Hormonal Response of Gibberellin (Ga3), Grafting and Seasonal Variations on Growth and Yield Parameters on Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus)." American International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences 1, no. 2 (2019): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijbls.v1i2.122.

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The effect of Gibberellin Hormonal Response and Grafting methods on the Growth and Yield of Okra was investigated, with the aim of inducing variability that could be exploited in the improvement of some quality traits in Okra plants. Gibberellin, grafting and a combination of grafting with Gibberellin) were applied on to the Okra seeds. The seeds of Okra were treated at four different concentrations of Gibberellin (0.1mM, 1.0 mM, 2.0 mM and 0.0 mM as control) after which some of the mutants were grafted using tongue grafting method at seedlings stage. The other set of seeds were not treated wi
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Meier, Carsten, Thomas Bouquin, Mads Eggert Nielsen, et al. "Gibberellin response mutants identified by luciferase imaging." Plant Journal 25, no. 5 (2001): 509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.00980.x.

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22

Ogas, Joe. "Plant hormones: Dissecting the gibberellin response pathway." Current Biology 8, no. 5 (1998): R165—R167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(98)70101-0.

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23

Lanahan, Michael B., and Tuan-Hua David Ho. "Slender barley: A constitutive gibberellin-response mutant." Planta 175, no. 1 (1988): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00402887.

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24

Hardy Purba, Jhon, Nyoman Srilaba, Putu Sri Wahyuni, and Putu Bayu Wahyuda. "Response Of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Seeds Growth To The Gibberellin (GA3) and Cow Biourine." JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) 3, no. 2 (2021): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36378/juatika.v3i2.1386.

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Papaya propagation from seeds has a major problem, namely seed germination takes a relatively long time. Experiments to determine the effect of gibberellin and cow bio urine concentrations on the growth of papaya seedlings were carried out at the Main Horticultural Seed Center of the Agriculture and Livestock Service Office of Buleleng Regency with an altitude of ± 200 m above sea level. The experiment used a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors, namely the concentration of gibberellin and the concentration of bovine bio urine. Application of gibberellin significantly af
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Amrahov, N. R., G. A. Aghazada, S. R. Alizada, et al. "The involvement of phytohormones in plant–pathogen interaction." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 15, no. 3 (2024): 527–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/022474.

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Plant–pathogen interactions involve intricate signaling networks that coordinate the plant immune response. Recognition of pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) triggers activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, initiating a cascade of defense mechanisms. Central to these responses is the synthesis of phytohormones such as salicylic acid (SA), auxins–indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and gibberellins–gibberellic acid (GA), pivotal for immune activation. This review explores the multifaceted roles of these phytohormones in plant immunity, drawing on recent findi
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26

Pizarro, Alberto, and Carmen Díaz-Sala. "Effect of polar auxin transport and gibberellins on xylem formation in pine cuttings under adventitious rooting conditions." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 67, no. 1-2 (2020): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22238980-20191120.

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Maturation-related decline of adventitious root formation is one of the major factors affecting adventitious rooting in forest tree species. We demonstrate that inhibition of polar auxin transport promoted cambium and xylem differentiation in rooting-competent hypocotyl cuttings from Pinus radiata under conditions of adventitious root formation. Treatments with bioactive gibberellins inhibited rooting while at the same time inducing both the differentiation of a continuous ring of cambium and xylem formation. Treatments with inhibitors of gibberellin biosynthesis did not affect the rooting res
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27

Gulden, Robert H., Sheila Chiwocha, Suzanne Abrams, Ian McGregor, Allison Kermode, and Steven Shirtliffe. "Response to abscisic acid application and hormone profiles in spring Brassica napus seed in relation to secondary dormancy." Canadian Journal of Botany 82, no. 11 (2004): 1618–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-119.

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The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) has been implicated in the inception and maintenance of seed dormancy, while gibberellins promote dormancy breakage and germination in some species. We investigated whether osmotic stress induced secondary dormancy in Brassica napus L. is associated with changes in ABA sensitivity and metabolism, as well as changes in gibberellin levels. Seeds of two genotypes, one with low dormancy potential (LDP) and one with high dormancy potential (HDP) for secondary dormancy, were exposed to a dormancy-inducing osmotic treatment for up to 4 weeks and then germinated i
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28

Sterrett, J. P., and T. J. Tworkoski. "Flurprimidol: Plant Response, Translocation, and Metabolism." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112, no. 2 (1987): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.112.2.341.

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Abstract Flurprimidol was injected into several species to evaluate effects on growth. Height growth was inhibited 85% in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘Black Valentine’) and 90% in California privet (Ligustrium ovalifolium Hassk.) by the lowest flurprimidol doses (125 and 625 μg/plant, respectively). Shoot growth was further suppressed as doses increased. Gibberellic acid reversed the inhibitory effect of flurprimidol on privet. In June, height growth of field-grown yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) and American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) was uniformly reduced 35% by all flurp
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29

Ginandjar, Salamet, Dikayani, and Fajri Syahid Nurhakim. "Response Kailan Plants (Brassica oleraceae L.) to the Immersion Plant Growth Regulator (GA3) with Various Types Growing Media." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 8, no. 2 (2019): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2018.8.2/1005.2.195.203.

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Gibberellin are hormones that accelerate the germination of seeds, buds sprout, stem elongation, leaf growth, stimulate flowering, fruit development, affecting root growth and differentiation. The research aims to determine the response kailan plants (Brassica oleraceae L.) against immersion PGR gibberellin (GA3) with various types growing media have been conducted in Ciparanje Jatinangor since March 2015 to May 2015. Using a randomized block design (RAK) factorial design with three replications consisting of two factors. The first factor is the provision of PGR gibberellin (GA3) which consist
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30

Davis, RH, and NP Maro. "Aloe vera and gibberellin. Anti-inflammatory activity in diabetes." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 79, no. 1 (1989): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-79-1-24.

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Aloe vera inhibits inflammation and adjuvant-induced arthritis. The authors' laboratory has shown that A. vera improves wound healing, which suggests that it does not act like an adrenal steroid. Diabetic animals were used in this study because of their poor wound healing and anti-inflammatory capabilities. The anti-inflammatory activity of A. vera and gibberellin was measured in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by measuring the inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration into a site of gelatin-induced inflammation over a dose range of 2 to 100 mg/kg. Both Aloe and gibberellin s
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31

Dolgikh, Aleksandra V., and Elena A. Dolgikh. "The role of universal regulators of plant growth and development the DELLA proteins in the control of symbiosis." Ecological genetics 17, no. 1 (2019): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ecogen17133-41.

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The regulators of the gibberellin response, the DELLA proteins, are universal participants of signaling pathways that coordinate the processes of plant growth and development. This regulation is provided by the integration of external effect, as well as internal signals, such as a level of phytohormones and secondary messengers. Since DELLA proteins are extremely sensitive to increasing or decreasing of the gibberellic acid (GA) endogenous level, their direct interaction with transcription factors modulates the activity of the latter, and, consequently, the level of expression of target genes
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Peng, Jinrong, Donald E. Richards, Nigel M. Hartley, et al. "‘Green revolution’ genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators." Nature 400, no. 6741 (1999): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/22307.

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Ogawa, Mikihiro, Atsushi Hanada, Yukika Yamauchi, Ayuko Kuwahara, Yuji Kamiya, and Shinjiro Yamaguchi. "Gibberellin Biosynthesis and Response during Arabidopsis Seed Germination." Plant Cell 15, no. 7 (2003): 1591–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.011650.

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34

Arnold, Robert M., Jennifer A. Arnold, and Tara H. Arnold. "Germination ofChaenorrhinum minusSeeds in Response to Gibberellin Treatments." Journal of Plant Physiology 148, no. 6 (1996): 677–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0176-1617(96)80367-1.

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35

Kurniasari, L., M. Azizah, D. T. Cahyaningrum, F. Rohman, and G. F. Dinata. "Response of growth and production of melon (Cucumis melo L. var. inodorous) on different concentrations of AB mix fertilizer and gibberellin in tefa smart green house polije." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1168, no. 1 (2023): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1168/1/012011.

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Abstract Melon is an important horticultural commodity in Indonesia because it has high commercial value and broad market target. TEFA SGH Polije has been known as an agribusiness producer of high-quality melons in Jember and it needs to be developed to increase productivity and economic profit. This study aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of AB Mix and Gibberellins and their interactions on increasing the growth and production of hydroponically cultivated melons. This research was conducted from June to August 2022 at TEFA SGH Polije at 90 msl. This research used Facto
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Webber, J. E., S. D. Ross, R. P. Pharis, and J. N. Owens. "Interaction between gibberellin A4/7 and root-pruning on the reproductive and vegetative process in Douglas-fir. II. Effects on shoot elongation and its relationship to flowering." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15, no. 2 (1985): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x85-056.

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Shoot elongation and female flowering response were assessed for gibberellin A4/7 (GA4/7) and root-pruning (RP) treatments in 9- and 10-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings of families with good- and poor-flowering histories. In families with a poor-flowering history, stem injections of GA4/7 significantly enhanced elongation of third-whorl terminal shoots but produced no flowering response. In families with a good-flowering history, GA4/7 treatment had no effect on shoot elongation but did result in a significant increase in seed-cone buds. In contrast, root-pr
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37

Cecich, Robert A. "White spruce (Piceaglauca) flowering in response to spray application of gibberellin A4/7." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15, no. 1 (1985): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x85-028.

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Experiments were conducted on three populations of white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) to determine if calendar dates could be used as guidelines to spray gibberellin A4/7 in an Aromox–ethanol solution to increase flowering and to determine if early flushing (EF) and late flushing (LF) clones, sprayed on the same dates, responded differently. Spraying from July 8 to September 9 was ineffective, but spraying from May 7 to July 1 gave a significant response. Elongating shoots sprayed from May 13 to June 3 produced significantly more ovulate and staminate strobili than did elongating shoots
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Fritts, Robert, and Daniel L. Ward. "Thinning and Enhanced Fruit Quality of Stone Fruits with Gibberellins." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 853B—853. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.853b.

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Release LC (Abbott Laboratories), a commercial formulation of gibberellins, was applied to apricot, cling peach, freestone peach, nectarine, and plum varieties. Application was by commercial airblast sprayer. Fruit firmness was increased in the season of application in all crops. Meta analysis of the data indicated a maximum response for each crop differed over the rate range of 16 to 48 g a.i./acre. Changes in fruit soluble solids were slight. No differences in fruit color were observed. Reduction in flower bud density (thinning) was observed the following season. The reduction in bud density
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39

Popenoe, Juanita, and Bruce H. Barritt. "Branch Induction by Growth Regulators and Leaf Removal in ‘Delicious’ Apple Nursery Stock." HortScience 23, no. 5 (1988): 859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.5.859.

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Abstract Spur-type ‘Delicious’ apple nursery trees do not naturally branch in the nursery. In several experiments during 2 years, combinations of immature leaf removal (LR), BA, and gibberellins 4 + 7 (GA4+7) at 750 and 1000 mg·liter–1 induced lateral shoot formation of Campbell and Mercier strains of ‘Redchief Delicious’ trees in a commercial nursery. Split applications of BA and GA4+7 at 1000 mg·liter–1 induced more and longer branches than simultaneous applications. GA3 did not substitute for GA4+7 in this response. Removing young shoot tip leaves increased branching only when very young le
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40

Quinet, Muriel, Christel Buyens, Petre I. Dobrev, Václav Motyka, and Anne-Laure Jacquemart. "Hormonal Regulation of Early Fruit Development in European Pear (Pyrus communis cv. ‘Conference’)." Horticulturae 5, no. 1 (2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae5010009.

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European pear requires inter-cultivar cross-pollination by insects to develop fertilized fruits. However, some European pear cultivars such as ‘Conference’ naturally produce parthenocarpic seedless fruits. To better understand the hormonal regulation of fruit set and early fruit development in this European pear cultivar, the phytohormone and polyamine profiles in ‘Conference’ flowers and fruits resulting from both fertilization and parthenocarpic processes were analyzed. The expression of genes involved in phytohormone metabolism and signaling were also investigated. Phytohormone profiles dif
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Wilkinson, R. E., R. R. Duncan, S. A. Meredith, and K. K. Hatzios. "Growth and physiological responses of sorghum cultivars exposed to excess H+ and the herbicide metolachlor." Canadian Journal of Botany 71, no. 4 (1993): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b93-059.

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The growth responses of six grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivars exposed to single and (or) combined treatments of the herbicide metolachlor (2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methlethyl)acetamide) and excess H+ were investigated under growth chamber conditions. The sorghum cultivars tested were '38M', '58M', 'GP-10', 'SC574', 'SC283' (inbred lines), and 'Funk G522DR' (F1 hybrid). Shoot lengths were measured on seedlings from each cultivar grown for 14 days in white quartz flintshot sand treated with metolachlor at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg. Pots were w
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Dainello, F. J., R. K. Jones, and R. R. Heineman. "Yield and Harvest Efficiency of Savoy Type Spinach." HortScience 20, no. 1 (1985): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.1.131.

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Abstract Selected gibberellin A3 (GA3) rates and application dates on yield and harvest efficiency of the savoy spinach (Spinacea oleracea) cultivar ‘Iron Duke’ were evaluated. The most favorable yield response was achieved under fall conditions with 15-20 g GA3/ha applied 7–14 days prior to the anticipated harvest date. When cool temperatures (5° to 12°C) prevailed during the treatment and posttreatment periods, increased GA3 rates and prolonged response times were necessary. Gibberellin A3 did not induce bolting when applied as early as 1 Nov. but applications later than 15 Feb. enhanced the
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43

Setiawan, Agus Budi, Rudi Hari Murti, and Aziz Purwantoro. "Seedlessness and Fruit Quality Traits of Gibberellin Induced Parthenocarpic Fruit in Seven Tomato Genotypes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)." Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 4 (2016): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v8n4p84.

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<p>Parthenocarpic fruit development is regulated by a plant hormone, i.e. gibberellin. The response of seven lines of tomato to gibberellin was investigated to distinguish the degree of parthenocarpy and to compare the quality of seedless and seeded fruits. The flower from stage 12 (size 5 mm) until 4 days after anthesis was sprayed with GA<sub>3</sub> 0 mmol/L and 0.06 mmol/L. The treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. GA<sub>3</sub> 0.06 mmol/L reduced pollen germination, whose pollen germination (28.98%) was lower
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WANG, Lei, Kurban Halil, and Aniwar Salam. "Physiological Response of Wild Apricot Seeds to Exogenous Gibberellin." Arid Zone Research 26, no. 5 (2010): 708–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1148.2009.00708.

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Fu, Xiangdong, and Nicholas P. Harberd. "Auxin promotes Arabidopsis root growth by modulating gibberellin response." Nature 421, no. 6924 (2003): 740–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01387.

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46

Sutliff, Thomas D., Michael B. Lanahan, and T. H. David Ho. "Gibberellin Treatment Stimulates Nuclear Factor Binding to the Gibberellin Response Complex in a Barley a-Amylase Promoter." Plant Cell 5, no. 11 (1993): 1681. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3869749.

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47

Sutliff, T. D., M. B. Lanahan, and T. H. Ho. "Gibberellin treatment stimulates nuclear factor binding to the gibberellin response complex in a barley alpha-amylase promoter." Plant Cell 5, no. 11 (1993): 1681–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.5.11.1681.

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48

Tefa, Anna, Hermina Manlea, Rikardus Kolo, Antonius Ola, and Gebhardus Djugian Gelyaman. "Vegetative and Generative Growth Responses of Eban Local Cultivar Shallots Treated with Gibberellins (GA3) and P Fertilizers." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 9, no. 4 (2023): 2151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i4.3112.

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One strategy to increase shallot productivity is to use fertilizers and growth regulators. The aim of the study was to determine the response of vegetative and generative growth of shallots to local Eban cultivars through the application of gibberellins and P fertilizers in the middle plains of North Central Timor District. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The first factor was the application of gibberellins (GA3), consisting of three treatments, namely without application of GA3 (control), application of 100 ppm GA3 and application of 200 ppm of GA3. The second facto
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He, Yurong, Wei Liu, Zhihao Huang, et al. "Genome-Wide Analysis of the Rice Gibberellin Dioxygenases Family Genes." Agronomy 12, no. 7 (2022): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071627.

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Gibberellins (GAs), a pivotal plant hormone, play fundamental roles in plant development, growth, and stress response. In rice, gibberellin-dioxygenases (GAoxes) are involved in the biosynthesis and deactivation of gibberellins. However, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of GA oxidases in rice was not uncovered. Here, a total of 80 candidate OsGAox genes were identified and 19 OsGAox genes were further analyzed. Studies on those 19 OsGAox genes, including phylogenetic tree construction, analysis of gene structure, exploration of conserved motifs and expression patterns, were conducted. Resu
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Benny, Jubina, Annalisa Marchese, Antonio Giovino, et al. "Gaining Insight into Exclusive and Common Transcriptomic Features Linked to Drought and Salinity Responses across Fruit Tree Crops." Plants 9, no. 9 (2020): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091059.

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The present study aimed at identifying and mapping key genes expressed in root tissues involved in drought and salinity tolerance/resistance conserved among different fruit tree species. Twenty-six RNA-Seq samples were analyzed from six published studies in five plant species (Olea europaea, Vitis riparia Michx, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus persica, Phoenix dactylifera). This meta-analysis used a bioinformatic pipeline identifying 750 genes that were commonly modulated in three salinity studies and 683 genes that were commonly regulated among three drought studies, implying their conserved role in r
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