Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gif

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Gif'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 July 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Gif.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Gif"

1

Fagoni, Nazzareno, Simone Piva, Rosella Marino, Giovanni Chiarini, Daniela Ferrari, Eleonora Grespi, Rita Bertuetti, Silvia Barbieri, Nicola Latronico, and Frank Rasulo. "The IN-PANCIA Study: Clinical Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Failure, Multiple Organ Failure, and Levels of Citrulline in Critically Ill Patients." Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 35, no. 3 (November 15, 2017): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885066617742594.

Full text
Abstract:
Purpose: Gastrointestinal dysfunction and failure (GID and GIF) in critically ill patients are a common, relevant, and underestimated complications in ICU patients. The aims of this study were (1) to determine plasmatic levels of citrulline, glutamine, and arginine as markers of GID/GIF in critically ill patients with or without GID/GIF with or without multiple organ failure (MOF) and (2) to assess the role of intra-abdominal hypertension in these patient groups. Materials and Methods: This is a 1-year, monocentric (Italian hospital), prospective observational study. Inclusion criteria were adult patients with GID/GIF, with or without MOF. The GIF score was daily evaluated in 39 critically ill patients. Amino acids were measured at the time of GID or GIF. Results: We enrolled 39 patients. Nine patients developed GID and 7 GIF; 6 of patients with GID/GIF developed MOF. Citrulline was lower ( P < .001) in patients with GID/GIF (11.3 [4.4] µmol/L), compared to patients without GID/GIF (22.4 [6.8] µmol/L); likewise, glutamine was lower in patients with GID/GIF, whereas arginine was nonstatistically different between the 2 groups. Intra-abdominal pressure was higher in patients affected by MOF (13.0 [2.2] mm Hg) than in patients with GIF/GID without MOF (9.6 [2.6] mm Hg) and compared to patients without GID/GIF (7.2 [2.1] mm Hg). Conclusions: Both GID and GIF in critically ill patients are associated with low levels of citrulline and glutamine, which could be considered as markers of small bowel dysfunction. The higher the GIF score, the lower the citrulline levels. Patients affected by MOF had higher levels of intra-abdominal pressure.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Iwata, M., K. Katamura, R. T. Kubo, and K. Ishizaka. "Relationship between T cell receptors and antigen-binding factors. I. Specificity of functional T cell receptors on mouse T cell hybridomas that produce antigen-binding T cell factors." Journal of Immunology 143, no. 12 (December 15, 1989): 3909–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.143.12.3909.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Upon antigenic stimulation with OVA-pulsed syngeneic macrophages, the mouse T cell hybridoma 231F1 produced glycosylation inhibiting factor (GIF) having affinity for OVA and IgE-suppressive factors, whereas another T cell hybridoma, 12H5, cells produced OVA-binding glycosylation enhancing factor (GEF) and IgE-potentiating factor. The OVA-binding GIF from the 231F1 cells is an Ag-specific Ts cell factor, whereas OVA-binding GEF from the 12H5 cells is an Ag-specific augmenting factor. Both hybridomas express CD3 complex and functional TCR-alpha beta. Cross-linking of TCR-alpha beta or CD3 molecules on the hybridomas by anti-TCR-alpha beta mAb or anti-CD3 mAb and protein A resulted in the formation of the same factors as those obtained by the stimulation of the cells with OVA-pulsed syngeneic macrophages. It was also found that both the 231F1 cells and 12H5 cells formed IgE-binding factors upon incubation with H-2d and H-2b APC, respectively, with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 307-317 in the OVA molecules (P307-317). Six other synthetic peptides, including those containing the major immunogenic epitope, i.e., P323-339, failed to stimulate the hybridomas in the presence of APC. Indeed, all of the 10 T cell hybridoma clones, which could produce either OVA-binding GIF or OVA-binding GEF, responded to P307-317 and APC for the formation of IgE-binding factors. In contrast, GIF/GEF derived from six other hybridoma clones, whose TCR recognized P323-339 in the context of a MHC product, failed to bind to OVA-coupled Sepharose. The results indicate the correlation between the fine specificity of TCR and the affinity of GIF/GEF to the nominal Ag. The amino acid sequence of P307-317 suggested that TCR on the cell sources of Ag-binding factors are specific for an external structure of the Ag molecules.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum. "Zzp’er als zorgfinancial: gif of gift?" Fizier 35, no. 1 (February 2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40739-018-0007-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Akasaki, M., M. Iwata, and K. Ishizaka. "Modulation of the biologic activities of IgE-binding factors. VII. Biochemical mechanisms by which glycosylation-enhancing factor activates phospholipase in lymphocytes." Journal of Immunology 134, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 4069–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.134.6.4069.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Cells of the T cell hybridoma 23A4 produce IgE-binding factors lacking N-linked oligosaccharides (unglycosylated form) when they are incubated with IgE alone. In the presence of glycosylation-enhancing factor (GEF) or bradykinin, however, the same cells produce IgE-binding factors with N-linked oligosaccharides (glycosylated form). Switching the cells from the formation of unglycosylated IgE-binding factors to the formation of glycosylated factors was accompanied by the release of both glycosylation-inhibiting factor (GIF) in its phosphorylated form, i.e., phosphorylated lipomodulin, and arachidonate from the cells. Analysis of the biochemical processes for the release of GIF from 23A4 cells showed that affinity-purified GEF or bradykinin induced transient phospholipid methylation and diacylglycerol (DAG) formation, and enhanced 45Ca uptake into the cells. Inhibitors of methyltransferases, i.e., 3-deaza-adenosine plus L-homocysteine thiolactone, inhibited not only phospholipid methylation but also DAG formation and GIF release. Exogenously added 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl glycerol, i.e., a DAG that is permeable to the plasma membrane, induced the release of GIF from the cells. It was also found that 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) switched 23A4 cells and normal lymphocytes to the selective formation of N-glycosylated IgE-binding factor, and induced the release of GIF from the cells. 32PO4-labeled lipomodulin was detected in the extract of 23A4 cells 3 to 5 min after the addition of GEF, bradykinin, or TPA. These results indicate that GEF and bradykinin induced the activation of methyltransferases and phospholipase C for the formation of DAG, which in turn activated Ca2+-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) for the phosphorylation of lipomodulin. Because lipomodulin loses phospholipase inhibitory activity after phosphorylation, increased phospholipase A2 activity would be expressed by this process.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Kuipers, Lars. "Gif." Advocatenblad 97, no. 1 (January 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/ab/0165-13312017097001004.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Coledam, Diogo Henrique Constantino, Gustavo Aires de Arruda, and Arli Ramos de Oliveira. "Efeitos de um programa de exercícios no desempenho de crianças nos testes de flexibilidade e impulsão vertical." Motriz: Revista de Educação Física 18, no. 3 (September 2012): 515–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-65742012000300012.

Full text
Abstract:
Esse estudo investigou o efeito de um programa de exercícios na flexibilidade e impulsão vertical de escolares. 61 crianças (30 meninos) foram divididas em Grupo Controle Masculino (GCM), Grupo Intervenção Masculino (GIM), Grupo Controle Feminino (GCF) e Grupo Intervenção Feminino (GIF). O GIM e GIF foram submetidos a um programa de exercícios durante as aulas de Educação Física Escolar com duração de 12 semanas. Foram realizados os testes de "sentar-e-alcançar" e impulsão vertical anteriormente às 12 semanas e após o término deste programa. Os resultados indicaram que o GIF e o GIM aumentaram significativamente o desempenho nos testes de impulsão vertical e "sentar-e-alcançar" após o programa de intervenção (P<0,05). No GCM e GCF não foram verificadas diferenças significativas no desempenho do teste de impulsão vertical e "sentar-e-alcançar" (P>0,05). O programa de intervenção utilizado nesse estudo foi eficiente em aumentar a flexibilidade e impulsão vertical de crianças.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Thomas, P., H. Gomi, T. Takeuchi, C. Carini, Y. Tagaya, and K. Ishizaka. "Glycosylation-inhibiting factor from human T cell hybridomas constructed from peripheral blood lymphocytes of a bee venom-sensitive allergic patient." Journal of Immunology 148, no. 3 (February 1, 1992): 729–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.148.3.729.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Human T cell hybridomas, which constitutively secrete glycosylation inhibiting factor (GIF), were constructed from PBL of an allergic individual who was sensitive to honey bee venom. PBMC of the patient were stimulated with either denatured or cyanogen bromide-treated bee venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and Ag-activated cells were propagated by IL-2 in the presence of human recombinant lipocortin I. T cells obtained in the cultures were fused with a HAT-sensitive mutant of the human lymphoblastoid cell line CEM. Approximately one-third of hybridoma clones constitutively secreted GIF. The GIF-producing hybridomas were CD3+ and bore TCR-alpha beta. GIF formed by unstimulated hybridomas lacked affinity for bee venom PLA2. Upon cross-linking of CD3, however, a majority of the GIF-producing hybridomas formed IgE-binding factors and GIF, the latter of which had affinity for bee venom PLA2. Both nonspecific GIF and Ag-binding GIF from the hybridomas bound to an immunosorbent coupled with the anti-lipomodulin mAb 141-B9. Using an affinity-purified GIF as an immunogen, we established mouse B cell hybridomas that secreted monoclonal anti-human GIF. In order to characterize human nonspecific GIF, one of the GIF-producing hybridomas was adapted to a serum-free medium, and culture supernatant was fractionated by DEAE-Sepharose column chromatography and by gel filtration. The majority of nonspecific GIF in the culture supernatant was recovered from DEAE-Sepharose by elution of the column with 10 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.0, containing 50 mM NaCl. Affinity-purification of GIF in the DEAE Sepharose fraction by using anti-GIF-coupled Affigel, and analysis of the purified GIF by SDS-PAGE revealed that human GIF is a single polypeptide chain of 14 to 15 kDa. Gel filtration of both crude and affinity-purified GIF preparations confirmed the molecular size of the cytokine.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Iwata, M., K. Katamura, R. T. Kubo, H. M. Grey, and K. Ishizaka. "Relationship between T cell receptors and antigen-binding factors. II. Common antigenic determinants and epitope recognition shared by T cell receptors and antigen-binding factors." Journal of Immunology 143, no. 12 (December 15, 1989): 3917–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.143.12.3917.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The T cell hybridomas 231F1 and 12H5 constitutively secrete glycosylation-inhibiting factor (GIF) and glycosylation-enhancing factor (GEF), respectively, which lack affinity for OVA-coupled Sepharose. When the 231F1 and 12H5 cells were stimulated by OVA-pulsed syngeneic macrophages, however, GIF and GEF produced by the cells had affinity for OVA. Both the OVA-binding GIF from the 231F1 cells and OVA-binding GEF from the 12H5 cells bound to a mAb against TCR-alpha beta and a mAb against TCR-alpha, suggesting a serologic relationship between TCR and OVA-binding factors. However, the OVA-binding GIF and GEF bound to mAb 14-12 and 14-30, respectively. Because these mAb do not bind TcR alpha beta-chains, it appears that the Ag-binding factors are different from TCR itself. The OVA-binding factors from both 12H5 cells and 231F1 cells do not bind to urea-denatured OVA. The binding of the factors to OVA Sepharose was inhibited by a peptide corresponding to residues 307-317 (P307-317) in the native OVA, but not by the peptide corresponding to residues 323-339 (P323-339). Furthermore, the OVA-binding factors bound to P306-319-coupled Sepharose but not to P323-339-coupled Sepharose, and were recovered by elution of the former Sepharose at acid pH. The binding of OVA to anti-OVA antibodies was not inhibited by either peptide. Inasmuch as the 231F1 cells and 12H5 cells can be stimulated by P307-317 in the context of a MHC product, it appears that the Ag-binding factors and TCR-alpha beta on the cell sources of the factors may recognize the same epitope in the OVA molecules. The results also showed that Ag-binding factors and antibodies recognize distinct epitopes in the Ag molecules.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Jardieu, P., M. Akasaki, and K. Ishizaka. "Carrier-specific suppression of antibody responses by antigen-specific glycosylation-inhibiting factors." Journal of Immunology 138, no. 5 (March 1, 1987): 1494–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.138.5.1494.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract We previously established an ovalbumin (OA)-specific T cell clone from spleen cells of BDF1 mice, which had been treated by i.v. injections of OA, and constructed antigen-specific T cell hybridomas from the T cell clone. One of the hybridomas constitutively released glycosylation-inhibiting factor (GIF) which lacked affinity for OA, and was called non-specific GIF. Incubation of the same hybridoma cells with OA-pulsed syngeneic macrophages or OA-pulsed B lymphoblastoid cells of BALB/c origin resulted in the formation of GIF molecules that had affinity for OA but not for bovine serum albumin or keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Both the OA-specific GIF and nonspecific GIF bound to monoclonal anti-lipocortin and possessed I-Jb determinants. The OA-specific GIF consisted of two species of molecules, of m.w. 80,000 and 30,000 to 40,000, respectively, whereas the nonspecific GIF from unstimulated cells had an m.w. of 15,000. Intravenous injections of OA-specific GIF or nonspecific GIF into BDF1 mice suppressed both the IgE and IgG1 anti-hapten antibody responses of the animals to dinitrophenyl derivatives of OA (DNP-OA), but OA-specific GIF was much more effective than nonspecific GIF in suppressing the antibody responses. When the same preparations of GIF were injected into DNP-KHL-primed mice, OA-specific GIF and nonspecific GIF were comparable in suppressing the anti-DNP antibody response. In contrast to the 40,000 m.w. species of OA-specific GIF, the 80,000 m.w. OA-specific GIF had carrier-specific suppressive effects. The similarities of antigen-specific GIF to antigen-specific TsF suggest that the phospholipase-inhibiting activity of the molecules may be involved in the immunosuppressive effects of some antigen-specific TsF.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Tristão, A. R., A. L. Melo, A. C. Vasconcelos, and F. M. Grossi. "Apoptose na modulação da resposta inflamatória aos ovos do Schistosoma mansoni." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 52, no. 6 (December 2000): 586–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352000000600006.

Full text
Abstract:
Foram estudadas 42 amostras de fígado de camundongos inoculados com cercárias do Schistosoma mansoni, obtidas 40, 60, 80 e 120 dias após a infecção e processadas rotineiramente. As lâminas obtidas foram coradas pela HE para análise qualitativa e morfométrica do número e área dos granulomas e pelo MGP para quantificação de células apoptóticas. Os animais com 40 dias de inoculação possuíam menos granulomas/lâmina (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 11,78±4,01), com áreas pequenas (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 52.713,88±5.244,34<FONT FACE="Symbol">m</font>m²) e as menores médias de apoptose (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 7,50±0.99). Os animais com 60 dias de inoculação tiveram os maiores granulomas (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 114.851,20±5.517,20mim²), em maior número (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 92,88±10,62) e freqüente apoptose (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 18,73±1,35). Os com 80 dias de inoculação apresentaram diminuição no tamanho dos granulomas (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 89.305,57±6.162,79mim²), mas grande quantidade deles (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 131,09±15,60) e freqüência maior de apoptose (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 19,93±1,49). Com 120 dias, a apoptose continuou freqüente (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 19,84±1,88), os granulomas eram mais numerosos (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 231,20±34,57), porém menores (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/abmvz/v52n6/a06img01.gif" alt="a06img01.gif (532 bytes)" align="absmiddle" > ou = 41.556,58±2.043,60mim²). A ocorrência de apoptose ajuda a explicar a redução na celularidade e a conseqüente diminuição da área dos granulomas. A apoptose foi confirmada histologicamente pela técnica de "tunel". Assim, a apoptose participa da modulação do fenômeno inflamatório do tipo granulomatoso, reacional à embolização de ovos do parasito no fígado. Com a evolução da doença, desenvolve-se uma tolerância imunológica aos antígenos do ovo do Schistosoma mansoni, evidenciada morfologicamente pela diminuição da área média dos granulomas e pela maior freqüência de apoptose nas células componentes do granuloma.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gif"

1

Marlow, Gregory. "Week 04, Video 02: GIF." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/digital-animation-videos-oer/36.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Santos, Marcello Moreira. "Degradação oxidativa de ligninas pelo sistema biomimetico Gif." [s.n.], 1994. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249505.

Full text
Abstract:
Orientador : Ulf Friedrich Schuchardt
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T23:51:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_MarcelloMoreira_M.pdf: 2852451 bytes, checksum: 507aea78151c80078a8a9b7e24df6539 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994
Mestrado
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Mano, Valdir. "Estudo da oxidação do cicloexano catalisada pelo sistema GIF." [s.n.], 1990. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249834.

Full text
Abstract:
Orientador: Ulf Friedrich Schuchardt
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Insituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T01:42:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mano_Valdir_M.pdf: 4411167 bytes, checksum: a74b524d84e1db269fe54cb891722a65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1990
Mestrado
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Le, Coupanec Pascale. "Oxydation des hydrocarbures saturés par le système de Gif." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112076.

Full text
Abstract:
Cette thèse a trait à l'étude du système de Gif, système d’oxydation des hydrocarbures saturés, mettant en présence un réducteur, le zinc, un complexe trinucléaire de fer, Fe3 O(CH3C00)6 (Pyr)3,5 et de l’oxygène moléculaire dans un mélange pyridine-acide acétique à température ambiante. Ce système se distingue des autres modèles par un rendement d’oxydation élevé et surtout par sa sélectivité intéressante et inhabituelle pour l’activation préférentielle des liaisons C-H secondaires. L’étude approfondie du rôle de la pyridine dans ce système a permis de mieux justifier la spécificité de ce solvant, garant de l’efficacité et de la sélectivité du système de Gif. Ses rôles de ligand vis-à-vis du fer et agent de transfert des élections semblent être ses propriétés essentielles. L’introduction d’une grande diversité de sels métalliques dans le système de Gif, en présence et en absence de Fe3 O(CH3C00)6 (Pyr)3,5 , nous a amené à établir la spécificité des sels de FER ; Une étude plus approfondie a été effectuée avec les sels de tungstène et de cérium. Enfin, nous avons réalisé toute une série d’expériences en présence de divers composés organiques susceptibles de réagir avec le métallocarbène, postulé pour rendre compte de la formation des cétones. De tous ces composés, le diphényldiséléniure s’est révélé le plus intéressant. Cette étude nous a permis de mettre en évidence une nouvelle réaction d’un intérêt synthétique évident, la conversion d’un hydrocarbure en son dérivé phényl-sélénié dans des conditions opératoires simples et douces, avec un rendement satisfaisant
This Thesis is concerned with a study of the "Gif system", a means of oxidising saturated hydrocarbons, using a reductant, zinc, a trinuclear iron complex, Fe3 O(CH3C00)6 (Pyr)3,5 and molecular oxygen in a pyridine-acetic acid mixture, in air and at ambient temperature. It differs from other systems in its greater oxidation yields and above all by its interesting and unusual selectivity for the preferential activation of secondary C-H bonds. An in-depth study of the role of pyridine in this system has given us a better understanding of the necessity of this solvent for the efficiency and selectivity of the Gif system. It apparently functions essentially as a ligand for iron and as an electron transfer reagent. By introducing many different metal salts into the Gif system, in the presence and absence of Fe3 O(CH3C00)6 (Pyr)3,5 ,we have been able to establish the undoubted specific requirement for iron salts. Further studies have been performed with tungsten and cerium salts. Finally, a series of experiments was carried out with several organic compounds, able to react with the metallocarbene which is postulated to account for ketone formation. Of these, diphenyldiselenide proved the most interesting. Through this study we have discovered a new reaction of obvious synthetic interest, the facile conversion, in satisfactory yields, under mild conditions, of a hydrocarbon into its phenylselenide derivative
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Amaral, Ludmila Lupinacci. "As apropriações do GIF animado : aspectos culturais, expressivos e afetivos dos usos de uma tecnologia defasada." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/142516.

Full text
Abstract:
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo geral avaliar como propriedades técnicas particulares, e aspectos afetivos, expressivos e culturais contribuem para a vitalidade, apropriação e criação de novos usos para o GIF animado, considerando as limitações e defasagens dessa tecnologia. O referencial teórico divide-se em três partes: na primeira, são tratadas questões referentes às propriedades técnicas do formato GIF, suas vantagens e limites, e seu histórico de usos e aplicações; na segunda, são explorados fenômenos culturais que podem ter implicado nas apropriações do GIF animado; e na terceira, o GIF animado é investigado a partir de seus aspectos afetivos e expressivos. Na investigação empírica, recorreu-se à seleção por bola de neve para identificar sujeitos que usam intensamente GIFs animados em suas práticas cotidianas. Foram realizadas dezesseis entrevistas qualitativas semiestruturadas, a partir das quais foram feitas a análise e discussão dos resultados. Em termos gerais, concluiu-se que a vitalidade do GIF animado deve-se a uma combinação de questões técnicas inerentes às materialidades da tecnologia, demandas de consumo próprias da cultura contemporânea e, também, ao surgimento de espaços adequados para sua circulação e proliferação.
This study aims primarily to evaluate how specific technical proprieties, and affective, expressive and cultural aspects contribute to the vitality, appropriation and creation of new uses for the animated GIF, regarding its technical restrictions. The theoretical part is divided in three chapters: in the first one, we deal with the matter of the technical features of the GIF format, its advantages and limitations, and the history of its uses and applications; in the second chapter, some of the cultural phenomena that made the appropriations of the animated GIF possible are scanned; finally, in the third one, the animated GIF is investigated from its affective and expressive aspects. To develop the empirical research we identified, through snowball selection, subjects who use animated GIFs intensively on their daily practices. Then, sixteen qualitative interviews were conducted, from which emerged the analysis and discussion of results. In summary, we concluded that the vitality of the animated GIF was made possible due to a combination of technical and material aspects, intrinsic to this technology, consumption demands typical of the present-day culture and, also, to the emergence of spaces suited to its circulation and proliferation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Guerreiro, Mario Cesar. ""Estudos mecanisticos da oxidação seletiva de hidrocarbonetos funcionalizados pelo sistema Gif." [s.n.], 1998. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249530.

Full text
Abstract:
Orientador: Ulf Friedrich Schuchardt
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-24T07:09:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guerreiro_MarioCesar_D.pdf: 3150519 bytes, checksum: 4775f836b8e49215b1c86714e1117416 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998
Doutorado
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Lecoupanec, Pascale. "Oxydation des hydrocarbures saturés par le système de Gif étude mécanistique /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376071904.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Spinace, Estevam Vitorio. "Oxidação de cicloexano pelo sistema GIF : sobre-oxidação e influencia dos ligantes." [s.n.], 1991. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249488.

Full text
Abstract:
Orientador : Ulf F. Schuchardt
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T00:10:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Spinace_EstevamVitorio_M.pdf: 3474924 bytes, checksum: 379ec14bb4bf66fdbaf0d7e834102221 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991
Mestrado
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Bévière, Stéphane. "Etudes mécanistiques de l'oxydation des hydrocarbures saturés à l'aide des Systèmes de GIF." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30038.

Full text
Abstract:
Des etudes mecanistiques sur la formation des hydroperoxydes d'alkyles (intermediaires de la reaction d'oxydation) ont ete realisees dans le cas de l'oxydation des hydrocarbures satures avec les systemes de gif, qui utilisent le chlorure de fer ii ou iii en solution dans un melange de pyridine-acide acetique. Ces etudes ont ete realisees grace a l'addition d'agents reducteurs tels que la triphenyle phosphine et le phosphite de trimethyle dans le systeme de gif#i#v (reducteur: zinc, oxydant: o#2). L'utilisation d'oxygene marque (#1#8o#2) a permis de demontrer que les atomes d'oxygene dans l'hydroperoxyde de cyclohexyle lors de l'oxydation du cyclohexane avec le systeme de goagg#i#i (oxydant h#2o#2) provenait de l'oxygene moleculaire et non pas de peroxyde d'hydrogene comme il avait longtemps ete suggere. Par des experiences sous vide, il a ensuite ete demontre que la formation de ces hydroperoxydes d'alkyles ne faisait pas intervenir de radicaux libres. L'utilisation de l'hydroperoxyde de t-butyle comme oxydant a permis de realiser une etude comparative de ces systemes avec le systeme de goagg#i#i. L'addition de la triphenyle phosphine dans le systeme de goagg#i#i a permis de remplacer la formation des produits d'oxydation (cetone et alcool) par la formation des produits chlores et azides correspondants. Cette transformation n'avait jamais ete decrite auparavant avec le systeme de goagg#i#i
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Eriksson, Jessica. "Slaget om Hälsingland : – En kvantitativ och kvalitativ studie av tidningen Ljusnans bevakning av bandylagen Edsbyns IF och Bollnäs GIF." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-119351.

Full text
Abstract:
A journalist’s task is to – in a fair, balanced and objective way – deliver news to the world. But how does it affect a sportswriter’s reporting when he/she has two teams to monitor? Can you still be objective reguarding both teams, or does one team get more attention then the other? The purpose of this study was to examine the objectivity in the reporting of the two bandy teams Bollnäs GIF and Edsbyns IF in the local news paper Ljusnan. Based on different theories of objectivity, I conducted a quantitative content analysis and a qualitative critical discourse analysis of articles written during two Elite League seasons. The result showed a constant slight advantage for Bollnäs GIF before Edsbyns IF.
Journalistens uppgift är att på ett nyanserat, balanserat och objektivt sätt förmedla nyheter till allmänheten. Men hur påverkas rapporteringen för en sportjournalist när man har två lag att rapportera om? Kan man fortfarande vara rättvis och objektiv, eller får det ena laget mer publicitet än det andra? Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka hur objektivt lokaltidningen Ljusnan rapporterat om de två bandylagen Bollnäs GIF och Edsbyns IF. Med utgångspunkt i teorier om objektivitet har jag genomfört en kvantitativ innehållsanalys och en kvalitativ kritisk diskursanalys på artiklar skrivna under två elitseriesäsonger. Resultatet visade, både i den kvantitativa och kvalitativa analysen, på ett konstant litet övertag för Bollnäs GIF.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Gif"

1

Gif. Pretoria: Protea Boekhuis, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Harder, Jennifer. Creating GIF Animations. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-8103-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Rudolf, Erasmus, ed. Die purper gif. Bloemfontein: Verkrygbaar van die Uitgewer, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

The GIF animator's guide. New York, NY: MIS:Press, 1997.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

(Amersfoort), Studio Imago, ed. Het zoete gif van de schorpioen. Houten [etc.]: Van Holkema & Warendorf/Unieboek, 2006.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Koman, Richard. GIF animation studio: Animating your web site. Sebastopol,CA: Songline studios, 1996.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Het rancuneuze gif: De opmars van het onbehagen. Budel: Damon, 2012.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Brigitte, Adde, ed. Gif-sur-Yvette: En quête de son histoire. [Gif-sur-Yvette]: Société de Gif et d'alentour, 1992.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Compressed image file formats: JPEG, PNG, GIF, XBM, BMP. Reading, Ma: Addison Wesley Longman, 1999.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lafe, O. A global interpolation function (GIF) boundary element code for viscous flows. Washington, D.C: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Gif"

1

Rennie, Frank, and Keith Smyth. "GIF." In Digital Learning: The Key Concepts, 75. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429425240-89.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Baumgardt, Michael. "GIF-Animation." In Web Design kreativ!, 102–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56961-6_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Baumgardt, Michael. "GIF-Animation." In Web Design kreativ!, 93–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13416-0_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Baumgardt, Michael. "GIF Animation." In Creative Web Design, 93–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58829-7_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Barton, D. H. R., S. Bévière, W. Chavasiri, D. R. Hill, B. Hu, T. L. Wang, and C. Bardin. "Gif Chemistry." In The Activation of Dioxygen and Homogeneous Catalytic Oxidation, 448. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3000-8_39.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Baumgardt, Michael. "GIF-Animation." In Edition Page, 93–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01114-0_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Gunkel, Katja. "Cute GIF." In Ästhetik digitaler Medien, 181–206. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839453612-010.

Full text
Abstract:
Katja Gunkel perspektiviert in diesem Beitrag die visuelle Kommunikationseinheit und Ausdrucksform GIF-Animation auf eine gegenwärtig virulente ästhetische Kategorie: cute. Immer dort zugegen, wo es im Digitalen sinnliche Leerstellen oder Entfremdungssituationen zugunsten einer affektiven Annäherung zu kompensieren gilt, spielen beide im Umgang mit den Herausforderungen und Zumutungen einer zunehmend digital durchwirkten, krisengeplagten Gegenwart eine entscheidende Rolle. Zunächst maximal gefällig anmutend, bergen sie ein ausgemachtes Potential für Ambivalenzen und sind dazu prädestiniert, einen Verstörungscharakter anzunehmen. In der dialektischen Qualität jener Gemengelage liegt denn auch das kritische Potential jenes Bündnisses, dessen produktive Irritationsmomente anhand der künstlerischen Position von Lorna Mills veranschaulicht werden.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Buchanan, W. J. "Image Compression (GIF)." In The Handbook of Data Communications and Networks, 295–311. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-7870-5_14.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Barton, Derek H. R., Frank Halley, Nubar Ozbalik, and Esme Young. "Selective Oxidation of Saturated Hydrocarbons by the Gif and Gif-Orsay Systems." In Oxygen Complexes and Oxygen Activation by Transition Metals, 319. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0955-0_32.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Buchanan, William J. "Image Compression (GIF/TIFF/ PCX)." In Advanced Data Communications and Networks, 39–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8670-2_4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Gif"

1

Nascimento, Francisco Assis M., Fernando Lehnen, Morecy V. Moré, and Salomão A. Leizer. "GIF." In the 3rd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1693042.1693068.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Frandsen, Michael, and Yong Zhang. "GIF to HTML5 Video -- Optimizing GIF for Modern Browsers." In 2014 11th Web Information System and Application Conference (WISA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wisa.2014.22.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Arora, Rajat, and Yong Jae Lee. "SinGAN-GIF: Learning a Generative Video Model from a Single GIF." In 2021 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wacv48630.2021.00135.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Ghosh, Partha, Pravir Singh Gupta, Roy Uziel, Anurag Ranjan, Michael J. Black, and Timo Bolkart. "GIF: Generative Interpretable Faces." In 2020 International Conference on 3D Vision (3DV). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3dv50981.2020.00097.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Pan, Yingwei, Yehao Li, Jianjie Luo, Jun Xu, Ting Yao, and Tao Mei. "Auto-captions on GIF." In MM '22: The 30th ACM International Conference on Multimedia. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3503161.3551581.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Yoo, Innfarn, Xiyang Luo, Yilin Wang, Feng Yang, and Peyman Milanfar. "GIFnets: Differentiable GIF Encoding Framework." In 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr42600.2020.01448.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Gygli, Michael, and Mohammad Soleymani. "Analyzing and Predicting GIF Interestingness." In MM '16: ACM Multimedia Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2964284.2967195.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Paviet, Patricia. "Generation IV International Forum Education and Training Webinars: Education Tools for the Next Generation Workforce." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81027.

Full text
Abstract:
The Gen IV International Forum (GIF) Education and Training Task Force was created to respond to the challenge of not only forming, training and/or retaining qualified Gen IV workforce but also educating and informing a more general public, policy makers on topics related to Gen IV reactor systems and cross-cutting subjects. The task force serves as a platform to enhance open education and training as well as communication and networking in support of GIF, and its objectives are to maintain the know-how in this field, to increase the knowledge of new advanced concepts, and to avoid the loss of the knowledge and competences that could seriously and adversely affect the future of nuclear energy. While many countries are either ramping up or developing nuclear power production as an important step towards economic development and environmental protection, a decrease or uncertainty of the fiscal year budgets have left organizations and agencies looking for new avenues for training and educating a qualified workforce. This has led to an increase in those looking for readily available education and training resources. Using modern internet technologies, the GIF Education and Training Task Force has launched a webinar series on Gen IV systems in September 2016, which is accessible to a broad audience and is educating and strengthening the knowledge of participants in applications to advanced reactors. This achievement is the direct result of partnering with university professors and subject matter experts who conduct live webinars on a monthly basis. The live webinars are recorded and archived as an online educational resource to the public from the GIF website (www.gen-4.org). In addition, the webinars offer unprecedented opportunities for interdisciplinary crosslinking and collaboration in education and research. The GIF webinars, with their expansion of topics, targets a large spectrum of those that do not know but are desiring to learn about the many aspects of advanced reactor systems. The details and examples of the GIF webinar modules will be presented in our paper.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Memon and Rodila. "Converting GIF Images To JPEG-LS." In 1998 International Conference on Consumer Electronics. IEEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.1997.625883.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Bhatnagar, Apoorva, and Min Chen. "Improving GIF Image Accessibility on Web." In 2022 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration for Data Science (IRI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iri54793.2022.00050.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Gif"

1

Engel, Mark, Keith Lewis, and Howie Wendt. GIF Guidance Integrated Fuze. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada385872.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

MAHN, JEFFREY A. Technical Safety Requirements for the Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/808586.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Cipiti, Benjamin. GIF Very High Temperature Reactor Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection White Paper. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1869056.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Cipiti, Benjamin. GIF Supercritical Water Cooled Reactor Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection White Paper. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1861946.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Cipiti, Benjamin. GIF Gas Cooled Fast Reactor Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection White Paper. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1862101.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Depriest, Kendall. Low Energy Photon Filter Box Optimization Study for the Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1761857.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Hayward, N., and V. Tschirhart. A comparison of 3-D inversion strategies in the investigation of the 3-D density and magnetic susceptibility distribution in the Great Bear Magmatic Zone, Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331954.

Full text
Abstract:
The inversion of new compilations of aeromagnetic data and gravity data are employed to investigate the 3-D physical property (magnetic susceptibility and density) distribution within the Great Bear magmatic zone. The application of two different software suites (Geosoft VOXI and UBC GIF MAG3D and GRAV3D) affords a comparison of approaches and results. The magnetic susceptibility results are broadly compatible, but Geosoft VOXI enabled more detailed definition of shallow sources. The density results were markedly different in how the model responded to the low-resolution gravity data in characterization of the near-surface. GRAV3D extrapolated shallow sources to surface, whereas Geosoft VOXI smoothed and closed the top of shallow sources below surface. The different magnetic susceptibility and density models can be used to assess the physical property distribution and relationships across the region. One approach, applied here, is to combine the near-surface magnetic susceptibility and density results to identify zones of coincidently high physical properties, a common physical proper relationship associated with IOCG mineral deposits. These integrated models highlight many of the region's known mineral occurrences and reveal other zones for further analysis.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Visconti, Gloria, Gmelina Ramírez, and Isabelle Braly-Cartillier. Enhancing access to concessional climate finance: perspectives from the IDB’s experience with major climate funds: CIF, GCF, and GEF. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013047.

Full text
Abstract:
Meeting the climate change challenge requires the climate funds and multilateral development banks like the IDB to work synergistically, building on the comparative advantages of each. The IDB Group and other multilateral development banks are key partners, materially leveraging climate fund financing (5x leverage factor in the case of the IDB) and delivering measurable impact. To speed progress, this note presents a set of recommendations for enhancing access to the concessional finance that these funds can provide. These recommendations are mainly focused on streamlining climate funds approval processes, further developing their product offer, and enhancing their coordination and complementarity.This note was prepared by the IDB as an input to the work of the G20s Sustainable Finance Working Group on enhancing access to concessional climate finance. Stemming from the IDBs own experience working in Latin America and the Caribbean with some of the major global concessional climate funds, it intends to provide its perspectives and lessons learned on aspects affecting access to funding from the Climate Investment Funds, the Global Environment Facility and and the Green Climate Fund.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Raja, Rameez Ali, Vidushi Toshniwal, and Rodrigo Salgado. GIS-Based Geotechnical Database for Collaborative GIS. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317637.

Full text
Abstract:
INDOT spends at least 8 million dollars annually on geotechnical site investigations, not including the amounts spent by contractors. The laborious and costly job of data collection in geotechnical practice requires the efficient storing and organizing of this valuable data to develop correlations and trends in spatially varying geotechnical data. INDOT currently uses gINT software for managing geotechnical data and ArcGIS for storing boring logs and geotechnical reports. The INDOT geotechnical office is pursuing means to improve the efficiency of their operations by developing a GIS-based geotechnical database for secure storage, easy retrieval, and flexible sharing of geotechnical data to enhance decision making. SPR-4616 is the first step towards the development of a geotechnical data management system in which important decisions on the components and structure of the database were made. The report presents a detailed conceptual layout for the development of a geotechnical database following an object-oriented programming approach. The report discusses in detail the geotechnical applications, the field, laboratory, and verification tests that will be included in the database. The geotechnical variables required to perform the engineering analysis in designing specific applications are logically linked with the geotechnical tests from which they are obtained. Lastly, a detailed layout of the proposed database structure and a user workflow example is provided in the report and can serve as a guide during the development of the database system.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Veronesi, Pietro, and Luigi Zingales. Paulson's Gift. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15458.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Gif' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography