Journal articles: 'Gift exchange theory'

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Bang, Peter Fibiger. "Gift-Exchange." Classical Review 55, no. 2 (2005): 579–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clrevj/bni316.

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Duffy, John, and Daniela Puzzello. "Gift Exchange versus Monetary Exchange: Theory and Evidence." American Economic Review 104, no. 6 (2014): 1735–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.6.1735.

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We study the Lagos and Wright (2005) model of monetary exchange in the laboratory. With a finite population of sufficiently patient agents, this model has a unique monetary equilibrium and a continuum of non-monetary gift exchange equilibria, some of which Pareto dominate the monetary equilibrium. We find that subjects avoid the gift exchange equilibria in favor of the monetary equilibrium. We also study versions of the model without money where all equilibria involve non-monetary gift exchange. We find that welfare is higher in the model with money than without money, suggesting that money plays a role as an efficiency enhancing coordination device. ( JEL C92, D12, E40, Z13)

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Emelyanov, Nikolay, and Greg Yudin. "Structural Position of the Priest in Gift-Exchange Systems." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 17, no. 3 (2018): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2018-3-9-29.

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In this paper, we argue that the priest has a unique structural position to initiate and promote gift exchange. Gift exchange is an important mode of economic integration, one that prevents both cutthroat competition and a parasitic dependence on a centralized hierarchy. In dwelling on gift exchange theory, we demonstrate why the promotion of gifts is largely suppressed nowadays: Marcel Mauss’ second imperative of the gift, that is, the obligation to receive gifts, becomes inoperative under neoliberal capitalism. We rely on Marshall Sahlins’ and Chris Gregory’s analyses to argue that gift giving can be de-blocked by introducing the position of the ‘excluded participant’ who takes part in the gift exchange system but is known to have no self-interest. His presence enables other participants to accept gifts without being afraid of falling into personal bondage. We analyze the Christian theological ideas of the function of the priest in reaching the conclusion that priests are predisposed to take the position of the ‘excluded participant’. On one hand, the priest in persona Christi acts neither on his own behalf nor for his own self-interest, while on the other hand, he remains a member and governor of the community. Historical sources confirm that generating the gift exchange has always been the key activity of priests in Christian communities.

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Ghosh, Arpita, and Mohammad Mahdian. "Christmas Gift Exchange Games." Theory of Computing Systems 50, no. 1 (2011): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00224-011-9342-7.

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Wang, Yanan, Hong Wu, Chenxi Xia, and Naiji Lu. "Impact of the Price of Gifts From Patients on Physicians’ Service Quality in Online Consultations: Empirical Study Based on Social Exchange Theory." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 5 (2020): e15685. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15685.

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Background Gift giving from patients to physicians, which is prohibited in traditional clinical settings in China, has been found to occur in online health communities. However, there is debate on the validity of online gifts since physicians gain an economic benefit. Moreover, the potential impact of these gifts, particularly with respect to the financial value of the gift, on the online consultation service quality remains unexplored. Objective The aim of this study was to explore the impact of gift price on the quality of physicians’ online consultation service. Insight into this impact is expected to help resolve existing debate on the appropriateness of the gift-giving practice in online consultations. Methods A dataset of 141 physicians and 4249 physician-patient interactions was collected from the Good Physician Online website, which is the largest online consultation platform in China. Based on social exchange theory, we investigated how gift price affects the quality of physicians’ online consultation service and how this impact changes according to the physician’s service price and number of all gifts received. Manual annotation was used to identify the information support paragraphs and emotional support paragraphs in the answers of physicians. The quality of the information support paragraphs, rather than the complete answer, was used to test the robustness of our model. Results Gift price had a positive impact on the quality of physicians’ online consultation service (β=4.941, P<.01). This impact was negatively mediated by both the physician’s service price (β=–9.245, P<.001) and the total number of gifts they received (β=–5.080, P<.001). Conclusions Gift price has a positive impact on physicians’ online behavior, although the impact varies among physicians.

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د. مشاري عبدالعزيز الموسى, د. مشاري عبدالعزيز الموسى. "Badi‘iyyat in Praise of the Prophet: Gift Exchange Theory." journal of King Abdulaziz University Arts And Humanities 28, no. 13 (2020): 236–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/art.28-13.8.

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this study approaches badi‘iyyat in light of gift exchange theory by Marcel Mauss. It tries to solve the problem of badi‘iyyat definition and their goal. The value of the study lies in the new practical way of applying this theory on badi‘iyyat, which will pave the way for future studies to apply the same theory on other literary texts. It begins with exploring different notions of understanding badi‘iyyat and their goal. The study proposes a definition of them. Then, it moves to apply the gift exchange theory on three of badi‘iyyat to observe their potential to be a reward or gift, the textual aspects that poets have added to enhance their badi‘iyyat as a reward or gift, and how the poets have increased the value of badi‘iyyat by employing metapoetry and mythic concordance. The study then reaches its conclusion.

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Murphy, Margueritte. "THE ETHIC OF THE GIFT IN GEORGE ELIOT'SDANIEL DERONDA." Victorian Literature and Culture 34, no. 1 (2006): 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150306051114.

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In short, this [the exchange of gifts] represents an intermingling. Souls are mixed with things; things with souls. Lives are mingled together, and this is how, among persons and things so intermingled, each emerges from their own sphere and mixes together. This is precisely what contract and exchange are.—Marcel Mauss,The Gift

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Jia, Susan (Sixue), and Banggang Wu. "One Good Turn Deserves Another: Antecedents of Online Karaoke Paid Gift-Sending from Social Exchange Perspectives." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research 16, no. 7 (2021): 2515–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16070138.

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Understanding the dynamics of online karaoke virtual gift sending helps maximize its utility for all participants, including viewers, broadcasters, and platforms. However, extant paid gift-sending studies lack an integrated theoretical explanation of its incentives as well as practical implications that can facilitate the quantifiable implementation of service improvement. This study has successfully uncovered the motivation of paid gift-sending in an online karaoke context from a social exchange perspective using social exchange theory. By observing the activities of 11,640 online karaoke users over one year, it was discovered that their gift-sending behaviors adhere to the patterns of more-follower-more-gift-sending and receive-more-send-more. Moreover, such patterns are more pronounced for collaborative users and are accentuated over time. Theoretically, this study extends the scope of social commerce studies from B2C to C2C scenarios with more complicated interpersonal dynamics. Meanwhile, managers are advised to encourage following, stimulate collaboration, inject additional virtual gifts into the “market”, and retain their customers to generate long-term profits.

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Garland, David E., and G. W. Peterman. "Paul's Gift from Philippi: Conventions of Gift Exchange and Christian Giving." Journal of Biblical Literature 118, no. 3 (1999): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3268208.

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Ashworth, Peter D. "The Gift Relationship." Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 44, no. 1 (2013): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691624-12341243.

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Abstract Derrida (1992 / 1991) made the case (following Mauss, 1990 / 1925) that the ‘pure gift’ is impossible. Because of the element of obligation and reciprocity involved, gift relationships are inevitably reduced to relationships of economic exchange. This position echoes the exchange theory of the social behaviourists, the cost-benefit analyses of evolutionary psychology, and other reductionist conjectures. In this paper, 18 written accounts of gifting are analysed using established phenomenological tools of reflection. It is shown that the dynamics of the gift relationship are complex (for example the statuses of giver and recipient are problematical, as is the expression of gratitude) and, specifically, reciprocation in gifting is not akin to ‘repaying’ the gift, but should rather be seen as a response to the gift as an expression of affective affirmation, rendering this mutual. Gift giving is in the expressive realm rather than the practical (Harré, 1979). This was, intriguingly, known explicitly by Adam Smith (2006 / 1790).

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Galloway, Andrew. "LaЗamon's Gift". PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 121, № 3 (2006): 717–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081206x142841.

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LaЗamon's Brut, from a moment in English literary and cultural history whose sense of tradition is particularly difficult for us to comprehend–a century and a half after the Norman Conquest, at the beginnings of Middle English–has a notoriously complex relation to England's past and traditions. This essay focuses on how The Brut takes a traditional social and literary preoccupation in pre-Conquest England, the lordly gift exchange, and expands it to explore a new range of spiritual gifts (or deceptive claims to them), including professional knowledge, counsel to the powerful, and literary fame. This expansion of the gift corresponds to broad cultural shifts as well as to more topical matters in King John's reign, the probable period of the poem's composition. The poem fashions itself as a gift in these volatile terms, repeatedly embracing an unknown literary future while it accurately limns some fundamental new features of Middle English literature. (AG)

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Sque, Magi, and Sheila A. Payne. "Gift Exchange Theory: a critique in relation to organ transplantation." Journal of Advanced Nursing 19, no. 1 (1994): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.1994.tb01049.x.

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Heins, Volker M., and Christine Unrau. "Refugees welcome: Arrival gifts, reciprocity, and the integration of forced migrants." Journal of International Political Theory 14, no. 2 (2018): 223–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755088217753232.

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Against competing political theories of the integration of immigrants, we propose to reframe the relationship between the populations of host countries and arriving refugees in terms of a neo-Maussian theory of gift exchange. Using the example of the European refugee crisis of 2015 and the welcoming attitude of significant parts of German civil society, we argue that this particular situation should be understood as epitomizing the trend toward internal transnationalism. Increasingly, the “international” is becoming part and parcel of the “domestic” sphere. Since Marcel Mauss was concerned with the question of how separate, culturally different communities can establish ties of solidarity and cooperation between each other, we use his work to answer key questions about the relations between international refugees and native citizens in their home countries: What are the expectations underlying gift-giving in the context of welcoming refugees? Should refugees feel obliged to repay the arrival gifts? How should we deal with the normative ambivalence of gift-giving and its potentially humiliating effects on those who receive gifts but are unable to reciprocate? Most importantly, how does gift theory help us to clarify the very concept of integration which is at the heart of recent debates on the ethics of immigration?

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FLYNN, SEAN. "Why only some industries unionize: insights from reciprocity theory." Journal of Institutional Economics 1, no. 1 (2005): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174413740500007x.

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This paper argues that the degree to which a given industry's labor contracts are complete or incomplete is the major factor determining whether its workforce will be unionized. For instance, assembly line industries feature complete labor contracts because of the nature of the production technology: Either a worker keeps up with the line, or he does not. In such a situation, there is no chance for a reciprocal gift exchange under which firms offer high wages in exchange for high effort levels. The result is low wages that make workers prone to unionization. By contrast, jobs that feature incomplete contracts (lawyers, computer programmers, economists) already have reciprocity and gift exchange in place. Such benefits guarantee to workers that their better interests will be looked after by a management that wishes to maintain a positive and productive labor–management interaction.

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Darr, Asaf. "Gift giving in mass consumption markets." Current Sociology 65, no. 1 (2016): 92–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392115622977.

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What types of social relationships and expressions of moral economy does gift giving foster in mass consumption markets? Approaching this issue through the literature on gift giving in advanced capitalist contexts and the sociology of markets, this study presents gifting as a micro-foundational element in contemporary markets. Analysis of 50 interviews and documentation of daily sales encounters in a computer chain store in Tel-Aviv, Israel, found that buyers and sellers there exchange three types of gifts (contractual, closing and post-sale gifts) ordered along a continuum according to degree of subordination to the market economy and logic. Empirical investigation of four research propositions derived from the literature reveals that marketplace gifting fosters various types of relationships, both horizontal and vertical. The study suggests that gifting helps constitute ephemeral ties during brief sales encounters through the invocation of archetypical social roles, which encapsulate types of social relationships with others. The discussion highlights the contribution of this study to the sociology of markets and to gift theory and presents questions for future research.

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Brown, Adam. "Homeric Talents and the Ethics of Exchange." Journal of Hellenic Studies 118 (November 1998): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/632237.

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The Homeric talent, a quantity of unworked gold, has attracted very little scholarly comment. Yet it is a conspicuous enough feature of the Homeric economy: when Agamemnon lists the gifts with which he hopes to win over Achilles, he includes ten talents of gold (khrusou talanta) in the first line of his plutocratic catalogue. The same sum also features among the gifts Achilles receives from Priam. In what follows, I argue that the talent occupies an anomalous position within the system of Homeric gift exchange, and that this anomaly has interesting implications both within and beyond the Homeric text.

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Carrier, James G. "The Gift in Theory and Practice in Melanesia: A Note on the Centrality of Gift Exchange." Ethnology 31, no. 2 (1992): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3773620.

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Silber, Ilana F. "Gifts in Rites of Passage or gifts as rites of passage? Standing at the threshold between Van Gennep and Marcel Mauss." Journal of Classical Sociology 18, no. 4 (2018): 348–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468795x18789017.

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This article revisits Arnold Van Gennep’s Rites de passage from the point of view of gift theory. Gifts emerge as quasi-omnipresent and in association with all sorts as well as all phases of rites of passage in Van Gennep’s text. However, he never explicitly addresses nor problematizes this pervasive connection between gifts and rites of passage. In contrast with Marcel Mauss’s later Essai sur le don, moreover, Rites de passage tends to relate to gift-exchange in either mere instrumental, economic terms, or as a rather simple and efficient, binding and “unifying” mechanism, while displaying none of Mauss’s complementary attentiveness to the agonistic as well as more complex and contradictory features of gift processes. Yet, precisely the ideas of margin and liminality for which Van Gennep’s became best known, but which did not seep at all into his own treatment of gifts, may be drawn upon to approach gift interactions as ritual processes, perhaps even rites of passage, with liminal phases and anti-structural features of their own kind. Such an angle of analysis happens to converge with current approaches to the gift that have underscored the part it may play in fraught dynamics of mutual definition and recognition in human interactions. It might also suggest new ways of interpreting the deep, recurrent association between gifts and rites of passage, which Rites de passage unwittingly contributed to highlight, but still needs to be further explored and conceptualized.

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RAPPOPORT, J. "BUYER BEWARE." Nineteenth-Century Literature 58, no. 4 (2004): 441–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2004.58.4.441.

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In this essay I draw attention to a poetics of giving that runs through the body of Letitia Elizabeth Landon's work. Landon (or "L.E.L.") has most frequently interested scholars either as a poet of tragic love or as evidence that early-nineteenth-century women writers could support themselves in a commercial market. But this dual focus remains problematic. Not only have critics generally oversimpliÞed Landon's relationship to love, commodiÞcation, and sales, but also-and more important for my discussion-their Þxation on her role in the capitalist marketplace has made us less ready to analyze her relationship to the gift, her other strategy of exchange. Through her publishing strategies, as well as through the very language of her poetic work, Landon's simultaneous reliance on both gift and sale models complicates the process of exchange. When Landon claims to give instead of sell, her reader's role is undeÞned, and the obligations that the gift entails put Landon in a position of power. In this essay I explore the marketing strategy, thematic approach, formal style, and legacy of reception that comprise Landon's "gift poetics," and I show how this poetics is signiÞcant both for reading her work and for reconsidering a line of women's poetry neglected by Romantic and Victorian scholarship alike. I argue that L.E.L. does not deal in beauty, love, or self, but in power-and that what we see in her art is, Þnally, a deceptively strong poetics of giving mediated by marketing strategy that treated her poetry as "gifts" in order to sell them.

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Allen, Reggie. "The Sonnets Of William Hayley And Gift Exchange." European Romantic Review 13, no. 4 (2002): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10509580214662.

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Supriyanto, Supriyanto, and Jefree Fahana. "Gift-exchange Game Theory for Gamification on Digital Data Collection Systems." Lontar Komputer : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi 11, no. 1 (2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/lkjiti.2020.v11.i01.p06.

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Gamification is widely used to increase user motivation by applying game elements to things that are not game-based. For example, in a data collection system. Gamification is used to increase the motivation of users to want to get involved. The elements of the game that are often used are rewards, badges, and leaderboards. But some implementations have not been able to ensure increased user motivation. Gamification applied needs to consider the use of game theory. Game theory is used to determine the right gamification model for digital data collection. This paper discusses the application of gift-exchange-games (GEG) in the gamification of digital data collection systems. GEG is used to model player interactions in the gamification system. GEG implementation of Gamification can improve user involvement in the system. This theoretical model can later be used for a more efficient data collection system development platform. Keywords: gamification, game theory, data collection, gift-exchange-game, geg

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Foweraker, Barbara, and Leanne Cutcher. "An Ageless Gift: Reciprocity and Value Creation By and For Older Workers." Work, Employment and Society 34, no. 4 (2019): 533–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017019841521.

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Much of the extant literature views older workers through the lenses of human capital theory or ageism and age discrimination, both of which emphasise older workers’ value deficit. Using the case of a company that employs older workers, this article explores how ongoing exchanges between the organisation, its employees and its customers create three inter-related types of value: surplus value, staging value and accrual value. The organisation extracts surplus value by employing an older workforce who, grateful for employment during older age, reciprocate by drawing on embodied social capital to gift staging value, which sees customers reciprocate by endorsing the organisation’s products. Employment in this case is viewed as extending beyond pure commodity exchange to incorporate elements of gift exchange. The ongoing interaction and exchange with others through their work is the means by which the employees attach accrual value to themselves, thereby reproducing the good and proper ageing subject.

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De Winter, Wim. "Gift-exchange as a Means of ‘Handling Diversity’." Medieval History Journal 16, no. 2 (2013): 565–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971945813515023.

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Historical intercultural interactions between Europeans and Japanese during the seventeenth century were characterised by a diversity of perceptions and attitudes within a dynamic yet stable continuum of relationships, in which people reached a certain degree of understanding in a daily context. This relational stability was fundamentally created through evolving cycles of gift-behaviour, which occurred on distinct social levels. Surpassing mere tribute, this proved to be a constitutive element of daily social life. Research based on early seventeenth century European travellers’ accounts, letters and journals, compared with a famous case from the end of that century, emphasises that this behaviour changed in some ways and persisted in others. Originally developing in a considerably spontaneous and dynamic manner, this tendency became more institutionalised and ritualised in later times, when a fixed protocol for dealing with diversity was established. This phenomenon can be analysed through anthropological theory, and should be compared to different historical contexts in a diachronic sense, in order to fully understand both the theoretical implications and particularities of this context. This includes a methodologically critical perspective as well as a reflection on how historians handle diversity.

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Cross, Jamie. "The Coming of the Corporate Gift." Theory, Culture & Society 31, no. 2-3 (2014): 121–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276413499191.

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Corporate gifts – from philanthropic donations to individual reward schemes – attract considerable attention from scholars for the kinds of moral, economic and political logics that motivate them. This article considers the gifts that transnational corporations give to producers and draws from Marilyn Strathern’s writings on exchange and personhood in order to reverse dominant analyses. Focused on the gifting of gold coins to industrial workers at a global manufacturing unit in India, it brings together field-based observations with a diverse field of literature on the gift in anthropology. Against an analysis that sees the corporate gift harnessed directly to a corporate bottom line, this article proposes an alternative accounting that uses Strathern’s notions of ‘elicitation’, ‘revelation’ and ‘detachment’ to explore the contours of knowledge, personhood and relationality in the transaction. If corporate gifts have powerful effects, the article argues, it is because they establish difference between the person of the giver and the person of the recipient and because they materialize actions, desires and capacities that accrue to and transform the recipients rather than simply because they are vessels for the interests of global capital. As social theory confronts the political economy of corporate giving, Strathern’s writings prompt provocative questions about agency and power that challenge the hegemonic status of the modern corporation.

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Weltmann, Dan. "The efficiency of wages, profit sharing, and stock." Journal of Participation and Employee Ownership 2, no. 3 (2019): 222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpeo-09-2019-0021.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine which forms of compensation are more efficient at affecting employee attitudes, thus extending efficiency wage theory from wage-based compensation to profit sharing and stock-based compensation. Design/methodology/approach Three models of efficiency wage theory were tested: shirking, turnover and gift exchange. The effects of those three modes of compensation (wages, profit sharing and stock) were contrasted for the three models of efficiency wage theory. Findings The findings were that raising wages is the most efficient form of compensation in the turnover and shirking models, while in the gift exchange model profit sharing and stock-based compensation may function like efficiency wages. Originality/value This is the first study of this particular issue.

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Samuels, Maurice. "The Function of Gift Exchange in Stendhal and Balzac (review)." Nineteenth Century French Studies 31, no. 1 (2002): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ncf.2002.0064.

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Huebner, Chris K. "Can a Gift Be Commanded? Theological Ethics without Theory by Way of Barth, Milbank and Yoder." Scottish Journal of Theology 53, no. 4 (2000): 472–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930600056982.

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In a recent series of essays, John Milbank has continued his impressive project of narrating a theological path beyond secular reason in both its modern and postmodern versions by attempting to develop an ‘ontology of the gift.’ In order to overcome the ontology of violence in which he claims that secular rationality is rooted, Milbank argues for the need to reclaim a specifically Christian understanding of ethics, and suggests that the best resources for doing so can be found in the logic of gift and gift-exchange. Among other things, he claims that the logic of gift involves a rejection of the notion of command, a notion whose theological significance has perhaps been expressed most forcefully by Karl Barth. It is therefore appropriate to examine Milbank's appeal to the ontology of the gift as an objection to Barth's divine command ethics. Given his construal of ethics in terms of command and obligation, it might be suggested that Barth's ethics is problematic to the extent that it retains the structure of the Kantian categorical imperative. At the same time, however, it is noteworthy that Barth develops his account of the command of God in the context of gift, and in particular the specifically theological context of the gracious gift of God in Jesus Christ. Such a combination of command and gift has led some to suggest that Barth's ethics is actually significantly anti-Kantian in structure.

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Zollo, Lamberto, Guglielmo Faldetta, Massimiliano Matteo Pellegrini, and Cristiano Ciappei. "Reciprocity and gift-giving logic in NPOs." Journal of Managerial Psychology 32, no. 7 (2017): 513–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-04-2017-0140.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate, through the lens of the gift-giving theory, volunteers’ motivations for intending to stay with organizations. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 379 volunteers from 30 charitable organizations operating in Italy’s socio-healthcare service sector. Bootstrapped mediation analysis was used to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings Volunteers’ reciprocal attitudes and gift-giving intentions partially mediated the relationship between motives and intentions to stay. Practical implications Policy makers of charitable organizations are advised to be more responsive to behavioral signals revealing volunteers’ motivations, attitudes, and intentions. Managers should appropriately align organizational responsiveness with volunteers’ commitment through gift-giving exchange systems. Originality/value The findings reveal that reciprocity and gift giving are significant organizational variables greatly influencing volunteers’ intentions to stay with organizations. Signaling theory is used to explain how volunteers’ attitudes are linked with organizational responsiveness. Furthermore, this study is the first to use an Italian setting to consider motives, reciprocity, and gift giving as they relate to intentions to stay.

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Mathur, Anil. "Older adults' motivations for gift giving to charitable organizations: An exchange theory perspective." Psychology and Marketing 13, no. 1 (1996): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6793(199601)13:1<107::aid-mar6>3.0.co;2-k.

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Chun, Chong-Yoon. "The problem of exchange in Confucian culture - Reinterpreting Confucian Culture through Gift Theory -." Centre for Namdo Culture 41 (December 31, 2020): 7–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31929/namdo.2020.41.7.

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Czerniak, Stanisław. "Around Richard Münch’s Academic Capitalism Theory." Dialogue and Universalism 30, no. 1 (2020): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202030110.

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The author reviews the main elements of Richard Münch’s academic capitalism theory. By introducing categories like “audit university” or “entrepreneurial university,” the German sociologist critically sets today’s academic management model against the earlier, modern-era conception of academic work as an “exchange of gifts.” In the sociological and psychological sense, he sees the latter’s roots in traditional social lore, for instance the potlatch ceremonies celebrated by some North-American Indian tribes and described by Marcel Mauss. Münch shows the similarities between the old, “gift exchanging” model and the contemporary one with its focus on the psycho-social fundamentals of scientific praxis, and from this gradually derives the academic capitalism conception. He concludes with the critical claim that science possesses its own, inalienable axiological autonomy and anthropological dimension, which degenerate as capitalism proceeds to “colonise” science by means of state authority and money (here Münch mentions Jürgen Habermas and his philosophical argumentation).The author also offers a somewhat broader view of Münch’s analyses in the context of his own reflections on the problem.

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Smith, Vanessa. "Wasted Gifts." Nineteenth-Century Literature 75, no. 4 (2021): 527–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2021.75.4.527.

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Vanessa Smith, “Wasted Gifts: Robert Louis Stevenson in Oceania” (pp. 527–551) This essay takes some letters from Robert Louis Stevenson’s travels in the South Seas as a starting point to rethink both Stevenson’s South Seas oeuvre and the Victorian cross-cultural encounter. Reengaging with Marcel Mauss’s classic theorization of gift exchange, the essay suggests that Stevenson’s encounters with Oceanic systems of exchange were experienced in terms not of cultural dominance, but of ontological lack. The practices of gifting to which Stevenson found himself subject in the Marquesas, Tuamotus, and Tahiti rendered both British etiquette and largesse ineffectual. The essay relates Stevenson’s growing sense of the complexities of Oceanic gifting to the tendency of his metropolitan readers to understand his South Seas “exile” as a waste of his own gifts. Focusing in particular on The Wrecker (1892) and “The Bottle Imp” (1891), it proposes that Stevenson deployed his expanded understanding of what Oceanic gifting entailed to replenish his fiction in both structural and figurative terms, even as he was forced to acknowledge those failures of reciprocation that continued to inform its production.

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Silber, Ilana F. "Gift-giving in the great traditions: the case of donations to monasteries in the medieval West." European Journal of Sociology 36, no. 2 (1995): 209–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975600007542.

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Focusing upon donations to monasteries in the medieval Western world, this paper expands upon extant discussions of religious gift-giving in the ‘great traditions’ , and of its relation to more archaic forms of gift-exchange, hitherto largely based on non-Western and mostly Asian anthropological material. While displaying many of the social functions familiarly associated with the gift in archaic or primitive societies, donations to monasteries are shown to have also entailed a process of immobilisation of wealth not extant in the gift circuit of ‘simpler’ societies. While donations to monasteries clearly attested to the impact of otber-wordly religious orientations, they also entailed a range of symbolic dynamics very different from, and even incompatible with, those analysed by Jonathan Parry with regard to the other-wordly ‘pure’ gift. The paper then brings into relief the precise constellation of ideological ‘gift-theory’, socio-economic ‘gift-circuit’, and macrosocietal context, which enabled this specific variant of the gift-mechanism to operate as a ‘total’ social phenomenon in the two senses of that term suggested, though not clearly distinguished and equally not developed, in Mauss’ pathbreaking essay on the gift.

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Heins, Volker M., Christine Unrau, and Kristine Avram. "Gift-giving and reciprocity in global society: Introducing Marcel Mauss in international studies." Journal of International Political Theory 14, no. 2 (2018): 126–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755088218757807.

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How do multiple obligations to give, to receive, and to reciprocate contribute to the evolution of international society? This question can be derived from the works of the French anthropologist and sociologist Marcel Mauss, in particular from his classic essay The Gift, published in 1925. The aim of this article is to introduce Mauss’ theory of the gift to international political theorists, to develop a general theoretical argument from his claim about the universality of gift-giving, and to lay out the plan of the Special Issue. First, we explore the basic concepts of gift-giving and reciprocity and how they highlight a type of exchange that differs from market exchange and from other forms of quid-pro-quo interactions. Second, we consider the Marshall Plan as an iconic and controversial example of international gift-giving. Third, we use Martin Wight’s division of international political thought into realism, rationalism, and revolutionism to locate the work of Mauss and neo-Maussian scholars within the tableau of modern international thought. Fourth, we take a look at the interplay between analytical and normative aspects of Mauss’ works and assess the theoretical purchase of these works for international studies. Finally, we introduce the contributions of the Special Issue.

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Malay, Jessica L. "Jane Seager's Sibylline Poems: Maidenly Negotiations Through Elizabethan Gift Exchange [with text]." English Literary Renaissance 36, no. 2 (2006): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6757.2006.076_1.x.

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Sarigol Ordin, Yaprak, Ozgul Karayurt, Gulay Aksu Kul, Murat Kilic, and Laura A Taylor. "Exploration Into Donor-Recipient Relationship After Living-Donor Liver Transplantation Using Gift-Exchange Theory." Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing 29, no. 2 (2021): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/fnjn.2021.20065.

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Barbalet, Jack. "Guanxi as Social Exchange: Emotions, Power and Corruption." Sociology 52, no. 5 (2017): 934–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038517692511.

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After reviewing social exchange theory and identifying emotions as key to exchange relations the article introduces Chinese guanxi as a form of gift exchange, elsewhere treated in terms of its network attributes. The obligatory nature of exchange, noted by Mauss and extensively discussed by Blau, is explained through ‘social sentiments’ that substantiate assurance in exchange. The emotions-complexes renqing and ganqing, basic to guanxi, are outlined. Social esteem as a consequence of participation in exchange distinguishes the latter from bribery, in which coercion predominates. The article advances sociological understanding in these and associated ways by regarding exchange and guanxi as arenas of emotion practices.

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Anderson, Elizabeth. "Returning the Gift: Modernism and the Thought of Exchange by Rebecca Colesworthy." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 39, no. 2 (2020): 365–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tsw.2020.0030.

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Yudin, G. "The Moral Nature of Debtand the Making of Responsible Debtor." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 3 (March 20, 2015): 28–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2015-3-28-45.

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The significance of debt relations is constantly growing in the present-day world, so do economic problems related to debt. Credit relationships on market are usually treated as morally neutral despite the fact that debt generates a number of moral contradictions. This paper suggests an understanding of debt that draws on the anthropological theory of gift. It enables to expose the moral content of the utilitarian market exchange as compared to gift exchange and to differentiate between various forms of debt. This approach is used for analyzing consumer credit and for demonstrating that debtor’s behavior is paradoxically determined by striving to avoid the moral obligations of debt. The main moral imperatives are indicated that govern consumer credit - independence and necessity, calculativeness and quantification. This article demonstrates that making the borrower responsible for growing debt makes credit burden increasing rather than restraints it.

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Doan, Caleb. "FromTypee's Tommo toMoby-Dick's Ishmael: gift exchange in the capitalist world system." Atlantic Studies 13, no. 2 (2015): 206–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2015.1116185.

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Bolton, Gary E., and Axel Ockenfels. "ERC: A Theory of Equity, Reciprocity, and Competition." American Economic Review 90, no. 1 (2000): 166–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.90.1.166.

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We demonstrate that a simple model, constructed on the premise that people are motivated by both their pecuniary payoff and their relative payoff standing, organizes a large and seemingly disparate set of laboratory observations as one consistent pattern. The model is incomplete information but nevertheless posed entirely in terms of directly observable variables. The model explains observations from games where equity is thought to be a factor, such as ultimatum and dictator, games where reciprocity is thought to play a role, such as the prisoner's dilemma and gift exchange, and games where competitive behavior is observed, such as Bertrand markets. (JEL C78, C90, D63, D64, H41)

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Ferguson, Margaret. "The Letter of Recommendation as Strange Work." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 127, no. 4 (2012): 954–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2012.127.4.954.

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On the one hand, the gift presents itself as a radical Other of the commodity—and therefore also of work, insofar as the latter is understood as an investment of time and energy made in the expectation of wages or profit. On the other hand, the idea of the gift seems constantly to be drawn back under the horizon of rational exchange, and to be thus endlessly re-revealed as a secret ally of both work and the Work.—Scott Cutler Shershow, The Work and the GiftI have put together all these details to convince you that this recommendation of mine is something out of the common.Quae ego omnia collegi, ut intellegeres non vulgarem esse commendationem hanc meam.—Cicero, Epistulae ad familiares, book 13LAST FALL I FOUND IN MY OFFICE MAILBOX AN ENVELOPE FROM A SOPHOMORE ENGLISH MAJOR WHO HAD ASKED ME DURING THE SUMMER for a last-minute letter of recommendation for a scholarship competition. The envelope contained a handwritten thank-you note—and a gift certificate for a local restaurant. I e-mailed the student to thank her and to tell her that I couldn't accept the gift certificate since the letter I had written for her was part of my job as a teacher. She insisted; I insisted. She said that several teachers had turned her down before I agreed (from a hotel in Germany) to write for her. I felt rueful, as well as grateful to her for the token of gratitude that I couldn't accept. Eventually she won the debate: I accepted the printed piece of paper and took my daughters out to a free lunch.

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Johansen, J⊘rgen Dines. "Exchange inA Doll's Houseand inThe Lady from the Sea– Barter, Gift, and Sacrifice." Ibsen Studies 7, no. 1 (2007): 22–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15021860701496598.

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Guilbaud, Auriane. "Generous corporations? A Maussian analysis of international drug donations." Journal of International Political Theory 14, no. 2 (2018): 203–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755088217752199.

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In this article, I claim that using Marcel Mauss’ The Gift can prove fruitful in analyzing pharmaceutical donations, the role of interests in gift-giving, the complex intertwining of the domains of the gift and commerce, and in contributing to a theory of social justice. Drug donations refer to the practice of giving medicines “for free,” outside of the drug market, with the ultimate goal of reaching populations in need. So an object (a drug) otherwise sold on the market (even if sometimes at a subsidized price), and usually subject to a specific commercial process, enters a different circuit and distribution system. Yet, even if drug donations seem to break with the logic of exchange constitutive of the market, they are intimately linked to market dynamics. This is especially true in the case of corporate drug donations, because of the nature of the donor and the presence of ulterior motives. Accordingly, this practice can be explained with the help of a Maussian understanding of the gift, where gift-giving is not disinterested and does not have to result from pure altruism, but can very well be part of a larger process of accumulating wealth and power.

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M. Herrmann, Gretchen. "Machiavelli Meets Christmas: The White Elephant Gift Exchange and the Holiday Spirit." Journal of Popular Culture 46, no. 6 (2013): 1310–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpcu.12090.

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Boelhower, W. "Mapping the Gift Path: Exchange and Rivalry in John Smith's A True Relation." American Literary History 15, no. 4 (2003): 655–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajg046.

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Kagawa, Shuta. "Considering future social structures through association, multitude, and activity theory: From gift exchange to creative intercourse." JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 58, no. 2 (2019): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2130/jjesp.si4-5.

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Sharp, Ronald A. "Gift Exchange and the Economies of Spirit in "The Merchant of Venice"." Modern Philology 83, no. 3 (1986): 250–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/391474.

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Case, Megan L. "Procuring Virgins, Performing Peace: Reconciliation through the Exchange of Women in Judges 21." Vetus Testamentum 70, no. 3 (2019): 396–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685330-12341406.

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Abstract Rather than the commonly understood chaotic ending to Judges which illustrates the need for a king, the exchange of women in Judg 21 mediates the conflict between the Israelite tribes, creating a peaceful resolution to their civil war through the reestablishment of kinship loyalties. By applying anthropological concepts of gift exchange and alternative marriage practices to the final story of Judges (chs. 19-21), especially to the resolution of that story in ch. 21, we can see the rapprochement achieved through the gift of virgin brides which strengthens relations between the tribes. In light of this assessment, the monarchic refrain (Judg 17:6; 18:1; 19:1; and 21:25) was likely added during the latest stages of development to frame the final two stories to emphasize the need for a strong central government—kingship. Only with this refrain does the reconciliation of the warring tribes realized through the traffic of women appear insufficient.

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Steinitz, Rebecca. "The illusion of exchange: Gift, trade, and theft in the nineteenth‐century British voyage narrative." Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory 7, no. 2-3 (1996): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10436929608580174.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Gift exchange theory'

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