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1
Pujirahayu, Rahminingrum, Adriatman Rasak, and Mery Erfiani. "Gambaran Kesehatan Gingivitis Pengguna Alat Ortodontik Yang Memasang Pada Tukang Gigi." WARTA FARMASI 8, no. 2 (October 10, 2019): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.46356/wfarmasi.v8i2.126.
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ABSTRAK
Perawatan gigi ditentukan oleh kesehatan gingival. Rendahnya pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut akan mempengaruhi kesehatan jaringan periodontal. Pemakaian Alat ortodontik berhubungan dengan peningkatan kejadian gingiva dan perdarahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan gingiva pengguna alat ortodontik yang memasang pada tukang gigi swasta. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di salah satu praktek tukang gigi swasta dan rumah. Responden penelitian berjumlah 40 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel ialah total sampling. Analisis data secara deskriptif dan dijabarkan dalam bentuk narasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengguna alat ortondontik yaitu perempuan sebanyak 29 orang ( 72,5%), dan laki-laki sebanyak 11 orang (27,5%). Kejadian gingivitas berdasarkan umur paling banyak pada usia 7-12 tahun sebanyak 9 orang (27,5%) dan 13 – 18 sebanyak 14 orang (43,75%). Kejadian gingivitis berdasarkan jenis kelamin, laki-laki sebanyak 10 orang (90,9%) dan perempuan sebanyak 22 orang (75,86%).
Kata kunci ; , tukang gigi, gingivitis, gigi dan mulut
ABSTRACT
Orthodontic treatment is determined by gingival health. The low maintenance of oral health will affect the health of periodontal tissue. The use of orthodontic devices is associated with an increased incidence of gingiva and bleeding. This study aims to describe the gingivitis of orthodontic appliance users who install it on private dental artisans. This type of research is descriptive with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at one of the private and home dental practice. Research respondents numbered 40 people. The sampling technique is total sampling. Data analysis is descriptive and described in narrative form. The results showed orthodontic device users, namely 29 women (72.5%), and 11 men (27.5%). The incidence of gingivitis based on age at most at the age of 7-12 years was 9 people (27.5%) and 13-18 were 14 people (43.75%). The incidence of gingivitis based on sex, men as many as 10 people (90.9%) and women as many as 22 people (75.86%).
Keywords; Orthodontics, dental artisan, gingivitis, teeth, and mouth
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Widagdo, Anton Kusumo, and Kwartarini Murdiastuti. "Gingivektomi Menggunakan Scalpel dan Electrocautery pada Perawatan Gingival Enlargement Wanita Pubertas." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Klinik 1, no. 1 (June 29, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/mkgk.11909.
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Gingivitis pubertas merupakan suatu peradangan gusi karena kondisi tertentu yang diklasifikasikan menurut faktor etiologi dan perubahan patologi. Peningkatan ukuran gingiva merupakan tanda adanya kelainan gingiva. Gingivektomi adalah pemotongan jaringan gingiva dengan membuang dinding lateral poket yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan poket dan keradangan gingiva sehingga didapat gingiva yang fisiologis, fungsional dan estetik baik. Pada kasus ini, wanita berusia 16 tahun mengeluhkan keadaan gusi atas dan bawah yang membengkak sejak 1 tahun yang lalu, mudah berdarah dan tidak ada rasa nyeri. Penanganan untuk kasus ini dirancang menggunakan teknik gingivektomi menggunakan pisau periodontal dan gingivoplasty menggunakan electrocautery secara bertahap. Teknik gingivektomi menggunakan kombinasi scalpel dan electrocautery pada perawatan gingivitis pubertas memberikan hasil yang memuaskan secara estetik maupun fungsional pada pasien. ABSTRACT: Gingivectomy Using Scalpel and Electrocautery in Gingival Enlargement Treatment of Puberty Female. Puberty Gingivitis is a gum inflamation due to certain conditions that are classified by etiologic factors and pathological changes. The increase in gingival size is a sign of gingival disorder. Gingivectomy is cutting the gingival tissue by removing the lateral wall of the pocket which aims to eliminate pockets and gingival inflammation thus obtaining physiologically, functionally and aesthetically good gingiva. In this case, 16-year old woman complained of the state of the upper and lower gums which were swollen since the last one year, easily bleeding and no pain. The handling of this case was designed to use the technique of gingivecto by using periodontal knives and gingivoplasty by gradually using electrocautery. Gingivectomy technique with a combination of scalpel and electrocautery in puberty gingivitis treatment gives satisfactory results in aesthetic and functional state in patients.
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Villar, Cristina Cunha, and Antonio Fernando Martorelli de Lima. "Smoking influences on the thickness of marginal gingival epithelium." Pesquisa Odontológica Brasileira 17, no. 1 (March 2003): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-74912003000100008.
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Smoking patients show reduction of inflammatory clinical signs that might be associated with local vasoconstriction and an increased gingival epithelial thickness. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the thickness of the marginal gingival oral epithelium in smokers and non-smokers, with clinically healthy gingivae or with gingivitis. Twenty biopsies were obtained from four different groups. Group I: non-smokers with clinically healthy gingivae (n = 5). Group II: non-smokers with gingivitis (n = 5). Group III: smokers with clinically healthy gingivae (n = 5). Group IV: smokers with gingivitis (n = 5). These biopsies were histologically processed, serially sectioned at 5 mm, stained with H. E., and examined by image analysis software (KS400), which was used to perform the morphometric evaluation and the quantification of the major epithelial thickness, the epithelial base thickness and the external and internal epithelial perimeters. Differences between the four groups were analyzed using ANOVA test and Tukey's test. The criteria for statistical significance were accepted at the probability level p < 0.05. A greater epithelial thickness was observed in smokers independent of the gingival health situation.
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Dinyati, Maisaroh, Surijana Mapanggara, Andi M. Adam, and Sri Oktawati. "Treatment of dental polyclinic -induced gingivitis caused by secondary caries: a case report." Journal of Case Reports in Dental Medicine 1, no. 1 (May 2, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jcrdm.v1i1.84.
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Objective: This case report aims to present gingival therapy with gingivectomy due to secondary caries and overhanging filling.Methods: A 21-year-old male patient come to the periodontal clinic for treatment. The initial examination revealed deep probing pocket depth with sulcus bleeding at 11, 12, 21 and 22. Teeth 34, 36, 37 were extracted. Patients was in a good health, smoker, and didn’t take any medication. The patient had scalling a week ago but the gingiva remains enlargement. Periapical radiograph showed bone in good density. Initial treatment performed by non-surgery treatment included Scalling and Root Planing (SRP) and 0.2% chlorhexidine solution twice daily for one week. Gingivectomy with conventional blade. The result of control showed reduced enlarged of gingiva and patient feel satisfied with the treatment. Control one week after surgery. After being cured clinically, composite filling applied on teeth 11 and 21.Results: Gingivitis caused by secondary caries, because of bacterial invasion of caries to the gingival mucosa. Gingivitis therapy performed by gingivectomy, the removal of amount of the hyperplated gingival mucosa. Conventional gingivectomy is an option of gingival enlargement therapy.Conclusion: The aim of gingival therapy is to eliminate inflammatory process and prevent the progression of gingival disease. Gingival disease including gingival enlargement or gingivitis. Gingivitis can be caused by various factors such as secondary caries and overhanging filling. Keywords: Gingival enlargement, Gingivectomy, Seconder caries.
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Karno, Nidha Tuhu Respati, Dewi Muflikhah, and Budi Yuwono. "Laporan Kasus : Abses Gingiva Akibat Traumatik Oklusi pada Pasien Pasca Kehamilan." STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 15, no. 1 (May 30, 2018): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/stoma.v15i1.17906.
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Gingival abcess is apurulent inflamation that localized in periodontium. Clinically manifested start with toothache, swelling and redness gingiva, fistule gingiva, which can include malaise and headache. Woman during pregnancy could have gingivitis more easily and getting worse with traumatic occlusion. A women 27 years old came with the swelling chin since ± 3days ago. The swelling is painful, with toothache, swelling dan redness gingiva, fistule gingiva, andmalaise. The final diagnose in this case is gingival abcess.
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Nasri, Nasri, and Herry Imran. "Efektifitas Berkumur dengan Larutan Teh Rosella dalam Menghambat Plak Gigi Serta Mempercepat Penyembuhan Gingivitis Pasca Scaling." AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal 2, no. 1 (May 12, 2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30867/action.v2i1.32.
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Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is an ornamental plant flower petals were thick belonging to the hibiscus family or Malvaceae. Rosella flower contains polyphenols which are useful as an antibacterial. Polyphenols appear to function as an antibacterial in a way denature bacterial cell proteins. Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gingiva caused by microorganisms attached to the tooth surface. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of rinsing with roselle tea to speed healing of gingivitis pas casketing. The analytical method used is paired samples t-test for comparative analysis of pre-test and post-test in each test group and independent sample t-test for comparative analysis of treatment group and the control group with a total sample of 120 people. Gargling with tea treatment group and the control group rosella gargle with salt water. Rinsing is done in the morning and evening for five days. The research instrument used was Loe gingival index and Silliness 1963. The results showed that a decline in gingival inflammation plaque score well in the treatment group or the control group. There is a significant difference between the treatment group and control group (p <0.05). It can be concluded that gargling with tea rosella more effectively inhibit the formation of plaque and gingivitis accelerate the healing of post-scaling.Keywords: Gingivitis, a plaque, the RosellaBunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) merupakan tanaman hias berkelopak bunga tebal yang tergolong pada keluarga kembang sepatu atau Malviceae. Bunga rosella mengandung polifenol yang berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Polifenol berfungsi sebagai antibakteri dengan cara mendenaturasi protein sel bakteri. Gingivitis merupakan peradangan pada gingiva yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme yang melekat pada permukaan gigi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh berkumur dengan teh rosella terhadap kecepatan penyembuhan gingivitis pascaskeling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah uji paired sample t-test untuk analisis perbandingan pre test dan post test pada masing-masing kelompok dan uji independent sample t-test untuk analisis perbandingan kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 120 orang. Kelompok perlakuan berkumur dengan teh rosella dan kelompok kontrol berkumur dengan air garam. Berkumur dilakukan pada pagi dan malam hari selama lima hari. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah indeks gingiva Loe dan Sillness 1963. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan peradangan gingiva skor plak baik pada kelompok perlakuan maupun kelompok kontrol. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan dengan kelompok kontrol (p < 0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa berkumur dengan teh rosella lebih efektif menghambat pembentukan plak dan mempercepat penyembuhan gingivitis pasca scaling.Kata kunci: Gingivitas, plak, rosella
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Marjanovic, Dragan, Zlatibor Andjelkovic, Zlata Brkic, Goran Videnovic, Meliha Sehalic, Vladimir Matvjenko, Snezana Lestarevic, and Nadica Djordjevic. "Quantification of mast cells in different stages of periodontal disease." Vojnosanitetski pregled 73, no. 5 (2016): 458–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp141222030m.
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Background/Aim. Mast cells are mononuclear cells originating from bone marrow. They produce various biologically active substances, which allow them to actively participate in immune and inflammatory processes associated with periodontal disease. The study focused on distribution and density of mast cells in healthy gingiva as well as in different stages of periodontal disease. Methods. The material used for this purpose was gingival biopsies taken from 96 patients classified into 4 groups: healthy gingiva, gingivitis, initial and severe periodontal disease. Toluidine blue staining according to Spicer was utilized for identifying mast cells. Results. Basing on our study, the density of mast cells in the gingival tissue increases with the progression of the infection, which means they are more numerous in gingivitis compared to healthy gingiva, as well as in periodontal disease compared to gingivitis. Conclusion. Increase in the number of mast cells in the infected gingiva can be correlated with an increased influx of inflammatory cells from blood circulation into the gingival stroma, as well as with the collagen lysis, since these cells produce substances with collagenolytic potential. Based on the distribution of mast cells, it could be concluded that in the evolution of periodontal disease there are significant dynamic alterations in migration and localization of these cells.
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Çiçek, Yasin, Mehmet Özgöz, Varol Çanakçi, and Recep Orbak. "Streptococcal Gingivitis: A Report of Case with a Description of a Unique Gingival Prothesis." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 5, no. 3 (2004): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-5-3-150.
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Abstract Acute streptococcal gingivitis is an acute inflammation of the oral mucosa. Specific bacterial infections of the gingiva may be due to neisseria gonorrhea, treponema pallidum, streptococci, and other organisms. Streptococcal infections are seen rarely. This case report describes a patient who presented with severe gingival inflammation and pain that was diagnosed as an acute streptococcal infection. Bacterial cultures were obtained from the lesion, and biopsies were obtained from the gingiva of lower incisors for histopathologic evaluation. The patient was successfully treated using conventional periodontal therapy (scaling, root planning, curettage) and antibacterial agents. The reconstructive phase for this patient consisted of the fabrication of a heat-cured acrylic gingival facade to mask the gingival recession. The treatment of acute gingivostomatitis is of importance because of the possibility of systemic secondary infections. When esthetics is important, a gingival prostheses can be considered. The differential diagnosis, etiology, and treatment of acute streptococcal gingivitis are discussed and the literature is reviewed in this report. Citation Çiçek Y, Özgöz M, Çanakçi, et. al Streptococcal Gingivitis: A Report of Case with a Description of a Unique Gingival Prosthesis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 August;(5)3:150-157.
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Kuhn, Katharina, Heike Rudolph, David Zügel, Benjamin A. Just, Michael Hrusa, Thomas Martin, Sigmar Schnutenhaus, Jens Dreyhaupt, and Ralph G. Luthardt. "Influence of the Gingival Condition on the Performance of Different Gingival Displacement Methods—A Randomized Clinical Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 13 (June 22, 2021): 2747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10132747.
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This randomized clinical study examined the influence of the gingival condition—healthy versus mild inflammation—on sulcus representation and possible gingival recession for two gingival displacement procedures prior to conventional impression making. The interventions double cord technique or a kaolin paste containing aluminum chloride were applied to 40 probands. The opposite quadrant served as intrapersonal reference (split-mouth design). Precision impressions were then made. Extraoral digitization of the plaster models resulting from the reference impression prior to gingival displacement, the intervention impression and control impressions were the basis for the computer-aided three-dimensional analysis. After six months, a mild artificial gingivitis was induced, and the contralateral quadrant (cross-over design) was examined for the intervention. The gingivitis deteriorated the sulcus representation for the double cord technique group but did not affect the paste technique group. The gingival condition had no influence on the marginal gingiva height changes. The minor extent of those changes, which were measured up to six months after intervention at the palatal study site, were not considered to be in the clinically relevant range for gingival recession. For healthy gingiva, the cord technique showed superior sulcus representation compared to the paste technique. This advantage was lost to a great extent under the conditions of mild gingivitis.
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Vasconcelos, Roseane Carvalho, Antônio de Lisboa Lopes Costa, Roseana de Almeida Freitas, Bruna Aguiar do Amaral Bezerra, Bruna Rafaela Martins dos Santos, Leão Pereira Pinto, and Bruno César de Vasconcelos Gurgel. "Immunoexpression of HIF-1α and VEGF in Periodontal Disease and Healthy Gingival Tissues." Brazilian Dental Journal 27, no. 2 (April 2016): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201600533.
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Abstract Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are proteins that stimulate the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. These proteins have been described in many pathologic and inflammatory conditions, but their involvement in the development of periodontitis has not been thoroughly investigated. This study compared the immunohistochemical expression of these proteins, involved in angiogenesis and hypoxia, by imunnostained inflammatory and endothelial cells in periodontal disease and healthy gingival tissues. Gingival tissue samples were divided as follows: 30 samples with chronic periodontitis, 30 with chronic gingivitis, and 30 of healthy gingiva. Results were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Spearman correlation tests (p=0.01). Inflammatory and endothelial cells were found to express these proteins. Periodontitis showed median percentage of HIF-1α-positive cells of 39.6%, 22.0% in cases of gingivitis and 0.9% in the healthy gingiva group (p=0.001). For VEGF, median percentage of immunopositive cells was 68.7% for periodontitis, 66.1% in cases for gingivitis, and 19.2% for healthy gingival specimens (p<0.001). Significant correlation between VEGF and HIF-1α was also observed in healthy gingiva (p<0.001).The increased expression of HIF-1αα and VEGF in periodontitis, compared to gingivitis and healthy gingiva, suggests possible activation of the HIF-1α pathway in advanced periodontal disease. The correlation between HIF-1α and VEGF expression in healthy gingiva suggests a physiological function for these proteins in conditions of homeostasis. In periodontal disease, HIF-1 and VEGF expression may be regulated by other factors, in addition to hypoxia, such as bacterial endotoxins and inflammatory cytokines.
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Nelonda, Revi, Nanan Nur’aeny, and Irna Sufiawati. "TANTANGAN FARMAKOLOGI PENGGUNAAN STEROID TOPIKAL PADA PASIEN ORAL LICHEN PLANUS." ODONTO : Dental Journal 6, no. 1 (April 22, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.6.1.30-36.
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Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic autoimmune disease sprinkled by T cells on the oral mucosal surface. The goal of OLP treatment is to eliminate erythema, ulceration and relieve symptoms. Corticosteroids are the first line in the treatment of OLP, either systemically or topically. The problem arises when using topical steroids, namely the time of topical steroid attachment to the oral mucosa, especially in cases of OLP with clinical desquamative gingivitis. Some studies suggest that the use of individual gingival tray can overcome this problem. Objective: To provide information on topical steroid use in OLP cases with desquamative gingivitis clinical signs.Case Management: Women, age 31, complain that pain with burning on the lips and mouth is aggravated by spicy food. Intraoral examination shows irregular white plaques on the buccal, labial and dorsal mucosa of the tongue accompanied by diffuse erythema in the anterior gingiva of the upper and lower jaws. Patients diagnosed with OLP. Lesions improve 3 months after topical steroid administration, except lesions on the gingiva. Gingival individual tray is then used to obtain adequate attachment of topical steroids on the gingiva surface. The gingiva showed significant improvement after a month later.Conclusion: The use of topical steroid concoctions applied to the gingival individual tray is effective in treating OLP lesions especially with clinical signs of desquamative gingivitis.
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Mostafa, Basma, and Ibrahim El-Refai. "Prevalence of Plaque-Induced Gingivitis in a Sample of the Adult Egyptian Population." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 3 (March 11, 2018): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.131.
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AIM: The aim of this cross-sectional study is recording the prevalence and evaluation of the severity of plaque-induced gingival inflammation among a sample of the adult Egyptian population.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Four hundred and twenty-five subjects in this contemplate were seen from patients visiting the diagnostic clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. The gingival and plaque indices for each patient diagnosed as having plaque-induced gingivitis were recorded. The pocket depth was also measured.RESULTS: The incidence of gingivitis was 100% amid adult subjects with an age range between 18-45 years. The average plaque index (PI) was 1.05 ± 0.43, which reflects relatively superior plaque control of the participants. The mean gingival index (GI) was 1.66 ± 0.40, which reflects the presence of moderate gingival inflammation. PD mean values confirmed limitation of inflammation to the gingiva. The sex was correlated to the condition of the inflamed gingiva (p = 0.014) and the quantity of biofilm build-up (p = 0.003). Females were less affected than males (p = 0.005).CONCLUSION: The outcomes of this contemplate demonstrated that biofilm build-up is stoutly accompanied with elevated incidence of modest to rigorous gingivitis amid adult Egyptian individuals.
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Pujiati, Nadiah, Kiswaluyo Kiswaluyo, and Masriani Novita. "Hubungan Kebersihan Rongga Mulut dan Status Gingiva dengan Usia Kehamilan pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember." Pustaka Kesehatan 8, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/pk.v8i2.18404.
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Pregnancy causes the hormonal change which will improve the oral health of pregnant women. The hormonal change causes the gingiva to become more sensitive to toxins or irritants which causes inflammation of the gingiva. The Increasing gestational age gives the risk of pregnancy for periodontal tissue damage. This study aims to find out the correlation of oral hygiene and gingival status with gestational age in 97pregnant women in the working area of Sumbersari Health Center Jember Regency. The study was observational analytic using cross sectional study. The oral hygiene status of pregnant women was measured using the Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) and the gingival status measurement using the Gingival Index (GI). The results showed that 73,2% oral hygiene status of pregnant women is moderate. All of the pregnant women in this study had gingivitis and most were moderate gingivitis. There was no correlation between oral hygiene with gestational age, but there was a correlation between gingival status and gestational age in pregnant women. The periodontal care should be obtained to prevent the gingival disease during pregnancy.
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Wyganowska-Swiatkowska, Marzena, Anna Duda-Sobczak, Andrea Corbo, and Teresa Matthews-Brzozowska. "Atelocollagen Application in Human Periodontal Tissue Treatment—A Pilot Study." Life 10, no. 7 (July 16, 2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10070114.
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Background: The aim of this study is the clinical observation of gingival tissue condition after atelocollagen injection. Methods: In 18 patients, 97 gingival class I Miller recessions were divided according to recession height, gingival papillae loss and thickness of gingivae. Atelocollagen (Linerase, 100 mg) was injected into keratinized gingivae twice or thrice, at two-week intervals. Results: Statistically significant changes in gingival recession, amount of gingival papillae loss and thickness of gingiva were observed, after both two and three collagen injections. Although the degree (height) of recession decreased and gingival tissue thickness increased with every injection; there was no difference in gingival papillae loss between second and third collagen injections. Conclusions: The injectable form of atelocollagen is a promising material for gingival soft tissue regeneration and stimulation and allows for reduction in the number of procedures and support in a variety of surgical scenarios. This is a pilot study that clinically measures the impact of injected atelocollagen on periodontal tissue biotype, including the thickness of gingivae and gingival papillae regeneration.
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O, Osadolor O. "Gingival health status of primary school children in a Nigerian community." Update Dental College Journal 11, no. 1 (April 15, 2021): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v11i1.53003.
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Background: Gingival status is a part of periodontal health. Periodontal health may be defined as absence of gingivitis, periodontitis or other periodontal conditions.
Objective: To assess the gingival health status of 11 year old primary school children in a rural community in south -east Nigeria
Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study of 11 year old primary school children was done in a public primary school in Nkanu -West local Government Area of Enugu State. Ethical clearance for this study was sought and obtained. Socio-demographic data was obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Gingival examination was done by a single examiner (k= 0.76), intra examiner calibration (five children per session) was done prior to data collection, The gingival status was assessed according to the gingival index of Loe and Silness. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 20. P values < 0.05 were accepted as being statistically significant
Results: 22 (46.3%) females, 28(53.7%) males were seen and examined, giving a female to male ratio of about 1:1.3. 2(4 %) had healthy gingiva, 47(94 %) had mild gingivitis , 1(2 %) had moderate gingivitis and none of the participants had severe gingivitis. Mild gingivitis were seen more in males than females. Majority of the school children duration of tooth brushing was about two minutes.
Conclusion: Gingival status is a part of periodontal health. In this study, gingivitis were seen more in males than females, only marginal gingivitis were seen among the school children and none had severe gingivitis.
Update Dent. Coll. j: 2021; 11 (1): 16-19
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Jayachandran, Mahesh, Shalini Kapoor, and Rethi Mahesh. "Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis Rehabilitation: A Case Report with Two-Year Followup." Case Reports in Dentistry 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/513153.
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Gingival enlargements are quite common and may be either inflammatory, noninflammatory, or a combination of both. Gingival hyperplasia is a bizarre condition causing esthetic, functional, psychological, and masticatory disturbances of the oral cavity. Causes of gingival enlargement can be due to plaque accumulation, due to poor oral hygiene, inadequate nutrition, or systemic hormonal stimulation (Bakaeen and Scully, 1998). It can occur as an isolated disease or as part of a syndrome or chromosomal abnormality. A progressive fibrous enlargement of the gingiva is a facet of idiopathic fibrous hyperplasia of the gingiva (Carranza and Hogan, 2002; Gorlin et al., 1976). It is described variously asfibromatosis gingivae, gingivostomatitis, hereditary gingival fibromatosis, idiopathic fibromatosis, familial elephantiasis,anddiffuse fibroma. We present a case of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis with its multidisciplinary approach of management.
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Fauzin, Kinanti, Hafni Bachtiar, and Susi Susi. "HUBUNGAN UMUR KEHAMILAN DENGAN STATUS KESEHATAN GINGIVA PADA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS ANDALAS KECAMATAN PADANG TIMUR." Andalas Dental Journal 3, no. 1 (March 18, 2015): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v3i1.35.
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Gingivitis is an inflammation of the soft tissues inoral cavity that invade the free gingival. There are two kinds of etiologies that can cause gingivitis, they are plaque and non-plaque. Pregnant women will have some maternal physiological changes during pregnancy, one of them is the increasing of estrogen and progesterone. It will cause the gingival tissue to react to irritant such as plaque excessively. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between gestational age and gingival index in pregnant women. This analytic correlation research used cross sectional approach. The gestational age were observed from Mom’s and Kid’s Health Book. The Gingival Index was observed by using Loe and Silness index to each pregnant woman’s oral cavity. Data was analysed by using Chi –square. The study took place in Andalas Public Health Center, from 16th February 2-15 until 26th February 2015. Most of the pregnant women had mild gingivitis, no pregnant women were found with healthy gingiva or severe gingivitis. The result showed that there was no significantly relationship between gestational age and gingival index in pregnant women (p>0,005).
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Anandya, Alyzha, Linda Sari Sembiring, and Henry Yonatan Mandalas. "Indeks plak dan tingkat keparahan gingivitis anak tunagrahita (Intellectual Disability)Plaque index and gingivitis severity of children with intellectual disability." Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students 3, no. 1 (July 12, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v3i1.22485.
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Pendahuluan: Anak tunagrahita merupakan anak yang memiliki keterbatasan kemampuan kognitif dan mobilitas serta gangguan perilaku. Keadaan tersebut membatasi anak untuk melakukan pembersihan gigi yang optimal sehingga berdampak terhadap kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut seperti indeks plak yang buruk dan gingivitis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui indeks plak dan tingkat keparahan gingivitis pada anak tunagrahita (intellectual disability). Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif komparatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah 45 anak tunagrahita di SLB Negeri Kota Bandung. Penarikan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode O’Leary untuk indeks plak, dan metode Modified Gingival Index (MGI) untuk perhitungan skor gingiva. Hasil: Subjek penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok usia 8-12 tahun dan >28 tahun; serta berdasarkan jenis tunagrahita. Kelompok tunagrahita berat memiliki hasil index plak kurang baik sebesar 100%. Pada kelompok usia 13-17 tahun, didapatkan hasil karakteristik status gingiva paling besar (60%), sedangkan jika dilihat dari jenis tunagrahita, pada tunagrahita ringan memiliki gingivitis ringan (72,8%), tunagrahita sedang memiliki gingivitis sedang (62%), dan tunagrahita berat memiliki gingivitis ringan (50%) dan sedang (50%). Simpulan: Hampir setiap jenis tunagrahita memiliki indeks plak kurang baik dan gingivitis pada rongga mulutnya. Semakin rendah tingkat intelegensi anak maka semakin rendah kebersihan mulut, kecuali pada anak tunagrahita berat.Kata kunci: Indeks plak, tunagrahita, gingivitis, O’Leary, Modified Gingival Index ABSTRACTIntroduction: Children with intellectual disability are children who have limited cognitive abilities, mobility, and behavioural disorders. This situation limits the child to perform optimal dental cleaning so that it affects their dental and oral health conditions, such as poor plaque index and gingivitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the plaque index and the gingivitis severity of children with intellectual disability. Methods: This study was a descriptive comparative study. The population in this study were 45 children with intellectual disability in extraordinary schools in the city of Bandung. Sampling was taken by purposive sampling method. Data collection was using the O'Leary method for plaque indexes, and the Modified Gingival Index (MGI) method for calculating gingival scores. Results: The research subjects were grouped into 8-12 years old age groups and > 28 years old age group, and based on the type of intellectual disability. Severe intellectual disability groups have a poor plaque index of 100%. In the age group of 13-17 years old, the highest gingival status characteristics (60%) were found, whereas when analysed from the type of intellectual disability, moderate intellectual disability children had mild gingivitis (72.8%), moderate intellectual disability children had moderate gingivitis (62%), and severe intellectual disability children have both mild (50%) and moderate (50%) gingivitis. Conclusion: Almost every type of intellectual disability children have a poor plaque index and gingivitis in the oral cavity. The lower the children’s intelligence level, the lower the oral hygiene; except for children with severe intellectual disability.Keywords: Plaque index, intellectual disability, gingivitis, O’Leary method, Modified Gingival Index
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Prayitno, P., and Anggy Natya Listyaningrum. "Pengaruh konsumsi suplemen ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) terhadap inflamasi gingiva pada pasien ortodonti cekat (kajian jumlah leukosit cairan sulkus gingiva)." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 3, no. 2 (December 7, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.11331.
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Effect of taking mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) supplement on gingival inflammation in fixed orthodontic patients (A study of leukocyte count of gingival crevicular fluid). Patients with fixed orthodontic appliances have a high risk of gingival inflammation. Gingival inflammation is characterized by an increase in leukocyte count of gingival crevicular fluid resulting in proinflammatory cytokines that are capable of damaging the gingival tissue. Mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L) contains xantone which has anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of consuming mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L) supplement on gingival inflammation in patients with fixed orthodontic by studying the leukocyte counts of gingival crevicularuid. Twenty patients with fixed orthodontic appliances were divided into two groups: 10 subjects in the control group and 10 subjects in the treatment group. They were selected based on the following criteria: age 18-24 years, suffering from mild to moderate gingivitis, and using fixed orthodontic appliances in the final phase. The subjects in both groups underwent initial therapy in the form of scaling, then the subjects in the treatment group took 2 capsules of mangosteen peel extract supplements three times a day for seven days. The sampling of gingival crevicular fluid of both groups was taken on day 0 and 8 in the lower anterior region, that is 3 samples of gingival crevicular fluid per subject. Leukocytes were seen from the results of staining with Turk’s reagents through microscope with a magnification of 400 times. The average leukocyte counts were analyzed using Pair T-test and Independent Sample T-test. The results showed that taking mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L) supplements has significant effect on the decrease in leukocyte counts of gingival crevicular fluids (p<0.05). The conclusion of this study is the consumption of mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L) supplement signicantly influences the reduction of gingival inflammation in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances, evident from the decline in the leukocyte counts of gingival crevicular fluids. ABSTRAKPasien pemakai ortodonti cekat memiliki resiko tinggi mengalami inflamasi gingiva. Inflamasi gingiva ditandai dengan meningkatnya jumlah leukosit cairan sulkus gingiva yang menghasilkan sitokin proinflamasi yang mampu merusak jaringan gingiva. Kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) mengandung xantone yang memiliki sifat antiinflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi suplemen ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostanaL) terhadap inflamasi gingiva pada pasien ortodonti cekat dengan kajian jumlah leukosit pada cairan sulkus gingiva. Dua puluh pasien ortodonti cekat dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, 10 subjek pada kelompok kontrol dan 10 subjek pada kelompok perlakuan yang diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria: usia 18-24 tahun, menderita gingivitis ringan hingga sedang, dan menggunakan alat ortodonti cekat pada fase akhir. Subjek pada kedua kelompok dilakukan initial therapy berupa scaling, kemudian subjek pada kelompok perlakuan mengkonsumsi suplemen ekstrak kulit manggis 2 kapsul 3 kali sehari selama 7 hari. Pengambilan sampel cairan sulkus gingiva kedua kelompok dilakukan pada hari ke-0 dan ke-8 pada regio anterior bawah sebanyak 3 sampel cairan sulkus gingiva tiap subjek. Leukosit dilihat dari hasil pewarnaan reagen Turk melalui mikroskop dengan perbesaran 400 kali. Hasil rerata jumlah leukosit dianalisis menggunakan uji Pair T-test dan uji Independent Sample T-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mengkonsumsi suplemen ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) berpengaruh terhadap penurunan jumlah leukosit cairan sulkus gingiva secara signifikan (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah konsumsi suplemen ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap penurunan inflamasi gingiva pada pasien ortodonti cekat dilihat dari penurunan jumlah leukosit cairan sulkus gingivanya.
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Kweh, Ting Jing, Ru Yueh Tham, Jian Yee Gu, Ahsan Md Shahidul, Pulikkotil Shaju Jacob, and Suan Phaik Khoo. "Effect of local and systemic inflammation on gingival mesenchymal stem cells." Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry 8, no. 2 (October 9, 2018): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jpid.2016.011.
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Background. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of local and systemic inflammation on the quantity and localization of gingival mesenchymal stem cells (gMSCs). Methods. Gingival samples were collected from 34 systemically healthy (group 1) and 10 consenting adult patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (group 2), who had reported for various dental treatments, requiring excision of gingival tissues as part thereof. The tissue samples were further stratified into three categories: healthy gingiva, gingivitis-affected and periodontitis-affected. Samples mounted on slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) while CD105 antibody was used for immunohistochemistry staining. Immuno-positive cells were identified as gMSCs. Three gMSCpopulated areas in each sample were selected to determine the density of gMSCs. Results. The density of gMSCs was significantly higher (P<0.05) in sections of gingival tissues affected by gingivitis and periodontitis compared to those of normal gingiva. However, there were no significant differences in the densities of gMSCs in tissues of patients with T2DM and those of healthy subjects. Conclusion. Local inflammatory status appeared to increase the density of gMSCs. In the presence of periodontitis, an added low-grade systemic inflammation (T2DM) did not appear to affect the density of gMSCs.
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Bhattarai, Rosina, Sunita Khanal, G. Nagaraja Rao, Bhageshwar Dhami, and Sujaya Gupta. "Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Health Status of Urban Population of Kathmandu District: A Pilot Study." Journal of Nepalese Society of Periodontology and Oral Implantology 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnspoi.v1i1.23521.
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Background: Healthy teeth, their supporting structures and gingiva play an important role in oral health. Gingivitis progresses to periodontitis in a phased manner causing continuous deterioration. In severe cases, removal of the tooth becomes inevitable. Hence, if gingivitis and periodontitis can be identified and treated earlier, tooth loss can be minimized.
Aim: To assess the status of oral hygiene, gingival and periodontal health of Urban population of Kathmandu district.
Materials and methods: Data on cross-sectional study of 252 individuals was collected using pre-designed survey form utilizing Gingival Index, Oral Hygiene Index–Simplified and Community Periodontal Index. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results: An urban population of 126 males and 126 females were examined in Kathmandu for this survey. In this study, 55.6% were of age-group 20-39 years while 44.4% were of 40-60 years, 35.31% and 54.76% of individuals had good and fair oral hygiene respectively & 49.20% of them had deposition of calculus and 25% had loss of attachment of 4-5mm. Only 16.6% were having healthy gingiva whereas 52.38% had mild and 26.5% had moderate gingivitis. Statistically significant results of all above are seen with advancement of age (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Results show that gingival and periodontal diseases are widely distributed in urban population. Hence, appropriate preventive and periodic therapies should be employed.
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Morishita, M., H. Aoyama, K. Tokumoto, and Y. Iwamoto. "The Concentration of Salivary Steroid Hormones and the Prevalence of Gingivitis at Puberty." Advances in Dental Research 2, no. 2 (November 1988): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374880020023601.
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Gingival conditions of 1323 junior high schoolchildren aged 12-15 were examined, and 132 children who had either healthy gingivae or severe gingivitis were called to the clinic. More precise examination of gingivitis was performed by assessment of Jackson's gingivitis index (G.I.), probing depth (P.D.), and bleeding on probing. Whole saliva was collected, and the salivary concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were determined by radioimmunoassay. Subgingival bacterial plaque was sampled from 36 children, and total bacterial counts and morphological differentiation were performed under a phase-contrast microscope. For statistical analysis, both males and females were divided into two groups according to the concentration of each sex hormone and subgrouped by the results of clinical examinations. Chi-square analysis using 2-by-2 tables was performed to determine the relation between salivary steroid hormone levels and gingival inflammation. The results suggest that unbalanced secretion of certain hormones might be one of the factors promoting gingivitis at puberty.
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Hidayati, Hidayati, Kuswardani Kuswardani, and Gustria Rahayu. "PENGARUH KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT DENGAN STATUS GINGIVITIS PADA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS ANDALAS KECAMATAN PADANG TIMUR KOTA PADANG TAHUN 2012." Majalah Kedokteran Andalas 36, no. 2 (August 30, 2012): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.22338/mka.v36.i2.p215-224.2012.
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AbstrakGingivitis kehamilan adalah gingivitis yang terjadi pada wanita hamil. Gingivitisdisebabkan oleh iritasi bakteri yang ada dalam plak dan kalkulus. Plak dan kalkulus merupakanindikator kebersihan mulut yang buruk. Selama kehamilan, hormon estrogen dan progesteroneakan mengalami peningkatan yang menyebabkan jaringan gingiva merespon secara berlebihanterhadap iritasi lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kebersihan rongga mulutdan status gingivitis ibu hamil serta hubungan antara tingkat kebersihan rongga mulut denganstatus gingivitis pada ibu hamil. Jenis penelitian ini adalah anayitic correlation denganpendekatan cross sectional, sampel diambil menggunakanteknik accidental sampling dengan ujistatistik Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Subjek adalah 70 wanita hamil di Puskesmas wilayah kerjaAndalas Padang Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kebersihan mulut ibu hamil diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas Kecamatan Padang Timur sebagian besar adalah sedang(57,1%) dan sebagian besar ibu hamil yang diperiksa mengalami gingivitis sedang (70%). Semuaibu yang diperiksa mengalami gingivitis, baik itu ibu dengan tingkat kebersihan mulut yang baik,sedang maupun buruk. Disarankan kepada ibu hamil untuk selalu menjaga kebersihan dankesehatan rongga mulutnya.Kata Kunci : gingivitis kehamilan, estrogen, progesteron, tingkat kebersihan rongga mulut,gingivitisAbstractPregnancy gingivitis is gingivitis that occurs in pregnant women. Gingivitis caused by theirritation of bacteria in plaque and calculus. Plaque and calculus is indicator of poor oral hygiene.During pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone will increase that causes excessive gingival tissueresponse to local irritation. This study aims to determine oral hygiene level and gingivitis statusin pregnant women and relationship between oral hygiene level with gingivitis status in pregnantwomen. The kind of this research is analyitic correlation with cross sectional study, sampleswere taken with accidental sampling technique with statistical test Kolmogorov-Smirnov.Subject were 70 pregnant women at the work area Puskesmas Andalas Padang Timur. Theresults showed oral hygiene level in pregnant women at the work area Puskesmas AndalasPadang Timur are mostly moderate (57.1%) and majority of them had moderate gingivitis (70%).215ARTIKEL PENELITIANAll of the pregnant women were examined had gingivitis, both pregnant women with good oralhygiene, medium and bad. It is recommended to pregnant women to always maintain the hygieneand health of the oral cavity.Key word : pregnancy gingivtis, estrogene, progesterone, oral hygiene and gingivitis.216
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Matic, Sava, Mirjana Ivanovic, Jelena Mandic, and Predrag Nikolic. "Possibilities to prevent gingivitis during fixed orthodontic appliance therapy." Serbian Dental Journal 55, no. 2 (2008): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0802122m.
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Introduction: During orthodontic treatment, the risk of gingivitis, periodontal disease and dental caries is increased. For good gingival health during orthodontic therapy, patients must be educated about the importance of daily oral hygiene and also given instructions on plaquecontrol techniques and how to use plaque removal devices properly. Objectives: The aim of this study was to present risk factors for gingivitis during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances as well as methods and resources for prevention of this widespread disease. Conclusion: Maintaining proper oral hygiene is of great benefit not only for gingival health but also for the success of orthodontic treatment and maintenance of treatment results. Beside healthy gingiva, favorable habits in oral hygiene remain life-long.
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Kara, Cankat, Turgut Demir, Adnan Tezel, and Meltem Zihni. "Aggressive Periodontitis with Streptococcal Gingivitis: A Case Report." European Journal of Dentistry 01, no. 04 (October 2007): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698348.
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ABSTRACTAcute streptococcal gingivitis is an acute inflammation of the oral mucosa and also may be seen with the other oral diseases as aggressive periodontitis that is characterized by a considerable attachment loss over a relatively short period of time. Streptococcal infections of gingiva are seen rarely; also the origin of this gingival inflammation is occasionally different from that of routine plaque-associated gingivitis. The clinical features and treatment methods of these diseases are already reported in previous literatures. This case report describes a patient who presented with severe gingival inflammation and attachment loss that was diagnosed as an acute streptococcal infection associated with aggressive periodontitis. In this study a supportive treatment option was demonstrated based on these data and antacid treatment as adjunctive to the recommended treatment modalities was used for streptococcal gingivitis. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:251-255)
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Tufail, Benish, Sajda Khuhawar, Faisal, Basit Ahmed Shaikh, Simran Raikinger, and Komal Talreja. "PREVALENCE OF GINGVITIS IN PATIENTS VISITING BIBI ASEEFA DENTAL COLLEGE, LARKANA." Professional Medical Journal 26, no. 07 (July 10, 2019): 1172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2019.26.07.3793.
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Introduction: Oral health is an important portion of overall healthiness which is attained by virtuous oral hygiene. Most common oral disease is gingivitis and its prime etiological reason is plaque and as well as calculus deposition leading to bleeding gums. Energies need to be fixated on raising inhabitant’s consciousness of the importance of oral hygiene and on early diagnosis of gingival and periodontal problem. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of gingivitis in patients visiting Bibi Aseefa Dental College, Larkana. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Bibi Aseefa Dental College, Larkana. Period: From 4th March to 10th June 2018. Materials and Methods: 200 patients reporting to the outpatient department were involved in the study. The data was collected through questionnaire followed by examination of gingiva using gingival index of Loe and Silness with the help of dental mirror and probe. Data was analysed by Statistical Products and Service Solution (SPSS) version-16. Results: The males were 44.5% and females were 55.5%. Prevalence of gingivitis was 55%. Gingival status was evaluated as 36% mild, 15.5% moderate and 2% had severe type of gingivitis. 48% gingivitis was in males and 52% was in females and it was statistically not significant. Conclusion: Majority of patients who had complaint of gingivitis, were due to lack of maintenance of oral hygiene and those who maintain their oral hygiene were reported as normal health status.
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Saunsbury, Thomas, Tim Hodgson, and Barbara Carey. "Localized Juvenile Spongiotic Gingival Hyperplasia : a Case Series." Dental Update 47, no. 2 (February 2, 2020): 162–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denu.2020.47.2.162.
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Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia is a relatively new histopathological diagnosis, presenting as a localized erythematous lesion of the anterior attached gingivae. Presenting in a peri-pubertal age, this condition is often misdiagnosed as ‘puberty gingivitis’. Here, two cases presenting to the Joint Paediatric-Oral Medicine clinic at the Eastman Dental Hospital are discussed. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia is a novel diagnosis, and one that is currently under-reported. Increased awareness of this condition is required for appropriate patient management.
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Chandra, Rampalli Viswa, Pratibha Pandurang, and Khandige Mahalinga Bhat. "Labial Veneers in the Management of Desquamative Gingivitis: Report of a Case." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 5, no. 4 (2004): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-5-4-122.
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Abstract Desquamative gingivitis is a condition characterized by intense erythema, ulceration, and desquamation of the free and attached gingiva. Approximately 50% of desquamative gingivitis cases occur on the gingival tissues though it is not uncommon at other intraoral and extraoral sites. Though topical corticosteroids are considered the mainstays in the treatment of desquamative gingivitis, the inability of these medicaments to be in contact with the affected sites for longer duration has been implicated as a factor in reducing the efficacy of this mode of treatment. The case presented here is of a 24-year old male with desquamative gingivitis of 3 years duration. Topical corticosteroid therapy using custom-made acrylic veneers was utilized in the patient with remarkable results. This paper highlights the use of acrylic labial veneers over the gingival tissue as a vehicle for delivering medication and as a way to improve aesthetics. Citation Chandra RV, Pandurang P, Bhat KM. Labial Veneers in the Management of Desquamative Gingivitis: Report of a Case. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 November;(5)4:122-132.
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Anil, Sukumaran. "Plasma Cell Gingivitis Among Herbal Toothpaste Users: A Report of Three Cases." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 8, no. 4 (2007): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-8-4-60.
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Abstract Aim The aim of this article is to present a brief review of plasma cell gingivitis (PCG) along with reports of three cases with varying clinical presentations of the condition associated with the use of herbal toothpaste. Background PCG is a rare benign condition of the gingiva characterized by sharply demarcated erythematous and edematous gingivitis often extending to the mucogingival junction. This is considered a hypersensitive reaction. The histological appearance consists of a dense infiltration of normal plasma cells separated by collagenous stroma, usually confined to the free and attached gingiva. The lesion can be eliminated by identifying and avoiding the source of the allergen. Report Three patients ages 26, 27, and 36, respectively, presented with acutely inflamed gingival and a history of recently switching to herbal toothpaste. The gingiva bled readily on probing. Blood tests and gingival biopsy were not contributory. Patients were advised to refrain from the use of herbal toothpaste, and, along with periodontal treatment, the condition underwent remission within a week to two weeks in all three cases. Summary As more and more herbal products are gaining popularity, clinicians should be aware of some of the untoward effects of these products. Since PCG mimics lesions associated with leukemia and myeloma an early diagnosis of the condition is vital. Citation Anil S. Plasma Cell Gingivitis Among Herbal Toothpaste Users: A Report of Three Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:060-066.
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Lo Giudice, Roberto, Angela Militi, Fabiana Nicita, Giancarlo Bruno, Cristina Tamà, Fabrizio Lo Giudice, Francesco Puleio, Fabrizio Calapai, and Carmen Mannucci. "Correlation between Oral Hygiene and IL-6 in Children." Dentistry Journal 8, no. 3 (August 11, 2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj8030091.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between marginal gingivitis, oral hygiene parameters, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in gingival crevicular fluid of 40 children. The marginal periodontal pathology was evaluated by gingival index (GI). The status of oral hygiene was estimated by using patient hygiene performance (PHP), brushing frequency (BF), and plaque index (PI). IL-6 levels in gingival crevicular fluid were measured to evaluate the inflammation in marginal gingiva. PHP score showed a significant correlation with GI, BF, and PI. The groups based on PHP ranges were significantly related to IL-6 concentration in crevicular fluid.
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Abhinav Bhasker, Viniti Goel, Deept Jain, and Vijita Mehta. "Comparison of Scalpel and Diode Laser in Management of Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report." International Healthcare Research Journal 4, no. 12 (March 19, 2021): CR1—CR3. http://dx.doi.org/10.26440/ihrj/0412.03398.
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Inflammatory gingival enlargement is an excessive growth of gingival tissue due to inflammation in response to plaque accumulation. Enlargement of gingiva hampers the efficiency of daily oral hygiene practices which in turn accumulates more plaque, thus causing inflammation. Phase I therapy, consisting of scaling and root planning only reduces the inflammatory component of the enlarged gingival tissues but the fibrotic gingival enlargement remaining thereafter is then removed surgically by gingivectomy. Apart from the conventional scalpel gingivectomy, many other treatment modalities such as gingivectomy by lasers and electrocautery are now being widely used in the field of surgical periodontal therapy. This case report describes the management of gingival enlargement in relation with gingivae of maxillary teeth by administering separate treatment modalities i.e. diode laser and conventional scalpel gingivectomy.
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Liu, Kaining, Bing Han, Jianxia Hou, Jianyun Zhang, Jing Su, and Huanxin Meng. "Expression of vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase in human gingival fibroblasts in vivo." PeerJ 9 (January 4, 2021): e10279. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10279.
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Background Vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase CYP27B1 is the key factor in the vitamin D pathway. Previously, we analyzed the expression of CYP27B1 in human gingival fibroblasts in vitro. In the present study, we analyzed the gingival expression of CYP27B1 in vivo. Methods Forty-two patients with periodontitis Stage IV Grade C and 33 controls were recruited. All patients with periodontitis had unsalvageable teeth and part of the wall of the periodontal pocket was resected and obtained after tooth extraction. All controls needed crown-lengthening surgery, and samples of gingiva resected during surgery were also harvested. All the individuals’ gingivae were used for immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. In addition, gingivae from seventeen subjects of the diseased group and twelve subjects of the control group were analyzed by real-time PCR. Results Expression of CYP27B1 was detected both in gingival epithelia and in gingival connective tissues, and the expression in connective tissues colocalized with vimentin, indicating that CYP27B1 protein is expressed in gingival fibroblasts. The expression of CYP27B1 mRNA in gingival connective tissues and the CYP27B1 staining scores in gingival fibroblasts in the diseased group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusions Expression of CYP27B1 in human gingival tissues was detected, not only in the fibroblasts of gingival connective tissues, but also in the gingival epithelial cells, and might be positively correlated with periodontal inflammation.
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Chauhan, Yashodeep, Shaleen Khetarpal, Madhu Singh Ratre, and Manish Varma. "A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Gingivitis with Cheilitis." Case Reports in Dentistry 2019 (December 17, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2939126.
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Background. Plasma cell gingivitis (PCG) is a rare condition of the gingiva, characterized histopathologically by infiltration of plasma cells in connective tissue. Hypersensitivity reaction due to antigen is considered as primary etiological factor. Case Presentation. The present case is of an 18-year-old male patient suffering from gingival enlargement along with cheilitis. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry of tissue revealed lesion as plasma cell gingivitis. After gingivectomy, the follow up of the patient was done for 8 months. Gradual reduction of lip swelling was observed after gingivectomy during subsequent visits. Conclusion. Early diagnosis is essential as plasma cell gingivitis has similar pathologic changes seen clinically as in leukemia, multiple myeloma, discoid lupus erythematosus, atrophic lichen planus, desquamative gingivitis, or cicatricial pemphigoid which must be differentiated through hematologic examination.
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KC, Sushil, Shaili Pradhan, and Sujaya Gupta. "Desquamative Gingivitis: A Sign of Mucocutaneous Disorder." Nepal Medical Journal 1, no. 01 (August 21, 2018): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37080/nmj.22.
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Desquamative gingivitis is characterized by erythematous gingiva, desquamation and erosion of the gingival epithelium.It is a clinical manifestation of various disorders that can manifest as a desquamative lesion of gingiva rather than a disease entity.It is seen mainly in adults, especially women, although rare cases have been observed in children. Failure to evaluate properly and systematically a patient with a clinical condition consistent with desquamative gingivitis can lead to unpleasant outcomes. Clinical features may be symptomatic to asymptomatic with complaints ranging from burning sensation to intense pain.Lesions are found in skin, genitalia, or oral mucosa, although confined to gingiva alone in some patients.Diagnosis and treatment planning depends on history,clinical features,histopathology and immunofluorescence. Correct diagnosis of mucocutaneous disorders where DG is a presenting manifestation involves taking a careful history and thorough intra-oral examination. A definitive diagnosis depends on taking an incisional biopsy from perilesional site and sending a fresh specimen for immunostaining.
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Asri, Milenda E. K., Astika W. Utomo, Ira A. Kusuma, and Isniya Nosartika. "Pengaruh Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut terhadap Persepsi Permasalahan Gingiva Lansia di Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Pucang Gading Kota Semarang." e-GiGi 9, no. 2 (August 15, 2021): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/eg.v9i2.34531.
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Abstract: Decrease of physical and cognitive conditions in the elderly makes them become risky for periodontal disease. Lack of knowledge and poor behavior of oral health are the main causes of periodontal disease. Gingival health problems can be detected in the elderly by observing the signs and symptoms of gingivitis. This study was aimed to analyze the influence of knowledge and behaviour of oral health on perception of gingival health problems in the elderly living at Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial (nursery home) Pucang Gading Semarang. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were 74 elderlies at Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Pucang Gading Semarang, obtained by using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected by using questionnaire and were analyzed by using the Gamma and Somers’d test followed by multinomial logistic regression test. The results showed that most of the elderly at Pucang Gading Social Rehabilitation Unit had poor oral health knowledge and oral health behavior. Most elderlies had moderate perception of gingival problems. Multinomial logistic regression about the influence of knowledge and behaviour of oral health on perception of gingival health resulted in a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05). In conclusion, there was a significant influence of knowledge and behavior of oral health on the perception of gingival problems in the elderly.Keywords: oral health knowledge; oral health behaviour; perception of gingival problem; elderly Abstrak: Penurunan kondisi fisik dan kognitif pada lanjut usia (lansia) menyebabkan mereka lebih berisiko terkena penyakit periodontal. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan salah satu penyebab utama terjadinya penyakit jaringan periodontal. Permasalahan kesehatan gingiva dapat dideteksi pada lansia dengan mengetahui tanda dan gejala gingivitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap persepsi permasalahan gingiva lansia di Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Pucang Gading Kota Semarang. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Responden penelitian ini ialah 74 lansia yang tinggal di Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Pucang Gading Kota Semarang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Gamma & Somers’d dilanjutkan dengan uji regresi logistik multinomial. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa lansia paling banyak memiliki pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang buruk serta persepsi permasalahan gingiva sedang. Hasil analisis uji regresi logistik multinomial mengenai pengaruh pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap persepsi permasalahan gingiva mendapatkan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat pengaruh bermakna dari pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap persepsi permasalahan gingiva pada lanjut usia.Kata kunci: pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut; perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut; persepsi permasalahan gingiva; lanjut usia (lansia)
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Korporowicz, Emil, Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk, Maja Lipiec, Monika Słowińska, Dariusz Gozdowski, and Sergiusz Jóźwiak. "Oral Findings in Children, Adolescents and Adults with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 44, no. 3 (January 1, 2020): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-44.3.10.
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Objectives: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disorder characterized by the development of benign tumors. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of oral lesions in patients with TSC and healthy individuals. Study design: The study included 120 patients aged 1.1 to 42.7 years: 60 patients with TSC and 60 controls. Clinical assessment of oral hygiene (Plaque Index–PLI), gingiva (Gingival Index–GI, Gingival Overgrowth Index–GOI), oral mucosa and dentition (caries, tooth wear, enamel defects) was performed. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: 40 patients with TSC received anticonvulsants. Neglected hygiene (PLI: 1.50±0.96 vs 0.92±0.72), gingival hyperplasia (50.0% vs.1.7%), gingivitis (80.7% vs. 53.4%), oral mucosal fibromas (10.0% vs. 0.0%), mucous membrane traumatic lesions (11.7% vs. 1.7%), enamel pits and hypoplasia of incisal borders (41.7% vs. 6.7%), tooth wear (35.0% vs. 11.7%) were more common in patients with TSC compared to controls; increased gingival hyperplasia was correlated with vigabatrin and levetiracetam treatment (r = 0.266 and 0.279, respectively), gingivitis was correlated with PLI (r= 0.635). Conclusions: Although gingival fibromas in TSC are independent of patient’s age, young age, anticonvulsant therapy and local factors increase their severity. Enamel defects in TSC include pits, but also enamel loss on the incisal edges and tooth wear.
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Francetti, Luca, Claudia Dellavia, Stefano Corbella, Nicolò Cavalli, Claudia Moscheni, Elena Canciani, and Nicoletta Gagliano. "Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Human Gingival Tissue Overlying Multiple Oral Exostoses." Case Reports in Dentistry 2019 (May 22, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3231759.
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Gingival and osseous augmentations are reported as hypertrophic or hyperplastic reactions to different factors including chronic traumatisms and surgeries such as free gingival graft (FGG) that induce an abnormal growth of both hard and soft tissues in genetically predisposed subjects. Since an imbalance in collagen turnover plays a key role in the development of gingival overgrowth leading to an accumulation of collagen in gingival connective tissue, in this study we described the histological and molecular features of three oral overgrowths obtained from a 34-year-old woman previously operated for FGG in order to evaluate a possible relationship between exostoses and overgrown tissue. Healthy and overgrown gingiva were analyzed by histological methods, and the expression of genes and proteins involved in collagen synthesis, maturation, and degradation was assessed in cultured fibroblasts obtained from gingival fragments at the molecular level. Our results show that general morphology and collagen content were similar in healthy and overgrown gingivae. However, fibroblasts obtained from the overgrown gingiva revealed an anabolic phenotype characterized by an increased collagen turnover and maturation. These findings indicate that an exostosis could act as a mechanical stimulus stretching the overlying connective tissue and triggering an anabolic phenotype of gingival fibroblasts and suggest to use minimally invasive surgical techniques to avoid traumatizing the periosteal tissues for the eradication of the exostosis with minimal relapses.
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Gasymov, E. K., R. V. Shadlinskaya, and S. A. Israfilova. "Light and electron-microscopic study of epithelium covering free gingiva at various stages of chronic gingivitis in patients with β-thalassemia major." Kazan medical journal 99, no. 4 (August 8, 2018): 598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2018-598.
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Aim. Study of the nature and severity of reorganization of the structural elements of gingival epithelium in remission and exacerbation of chronic catarrhal sclerosing gingivitis in patients with β-thalassemia major at the light-microscopic and ultrastructural levels. Methods. From araldite-epon blocks of gingival biopsy specimens taken from 18 patients with β-thalassemia major, the semithin (1-2 μm) and ultrathin (35-70 nm) sections were obtained by means of ultramicrotome. Semi-thin sections were stained by trichrome. Viewing of stained and unstainted ultrathin sections was performed on an electron microscope at an accelerating voltage of 80-120 kV. Results. The increase of ferritin molecules in the intercellular space and in cytoplasm of all cellular elements (except for neutrophils) of the epithelial coverage of the gingiva, as well as the presence of siderophages in the exudative phase demonstrate that one of the main causes of exacerbation of chronic catarrhal sclerosing gingivitis in patients with β-thalassemia major is an increase of congestion of their body with iron-containing elements. The widened slit-like spaces of various shapes and sizes existing in gingival epithelium especially in the acute stage, should be considered as a sign of intercellular edema - spongiosa, and not acantholysis. Disruption of tonofilament-desmosomal complexes of gingival epithelial cells and increased accumulation of glycogen granules in developed hypoxia can be considered the main factors involved in altering the cytodifferentiation of gingival epitheliocytes in the exudative phase of chronic catarrhal sclerosing gingivitis that results in occuring in stratum corneum of light cells without any signs of keratinization, as well as the absence of an epithelial barrier. Conclusion. Identification of molecular mechanisms of disorders of neutrophil and epithelial barriers of gingival mucous membrane can be used in the diagnosis and development of new principles of treatment of inflammatory processes in patients with β-thalassemia major.
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Verma, Umesh Pratap, Gupta Abhaya, and Sharma Disha. "Role of Curcuma longa in the Management of Gingivitis." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 7, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v7i3.14830.
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<p>The most prevalent form of periodontal disease is gingivitis. The bleeding on probing, erythema, edema and ulceration are important signs of gingivitis. Previously conventional periodontal therapy has relied almost exclusively upon mechanical debridement of tooth surface. But as of today conventional periodontal therapy alone is not sufficient because pathogenic bacteria has been demonstrated not only in gingival tissue but even up to the crest of alveolar bone itself. Because of the side effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the use of medicinal plants for treatment of this disease was advocated. Amongst the herbs, <em>Curcuma longa </em>belonges to family Zingiberaceae, commonly available in India and used in various domestic affairs popular as Haldi. The present study has been conducted with aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of extract of <em>Curcuma longa</em> as topical and irrigant in various concentrations (0.5&1%) on inflamed gingival tissue of patient with gingivitis. All the subjects were divided into two groups. Group one was control, Group two (Test Group) was further subdivided in to IIa and IIb. Results revealed the extract of Curcuma longa play a significant role in reducing the inflammatory response of the gingiva like reduced gingival score, bleeding on probing and probing depth.</p><p> </p>
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Novak, J., M. Tomana, G. R. Shah, R. Brown, and J. Mestecky. "Heterogeneity of IgG Glycosylation in Adult Periodontal Disease." Journal of Dental Research 84, no. 10 (October 2005): 897–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910508401005.
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Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of bacterial etiology. In many other chronic inflammatory diseases, IgG glycans are galactose-deficient and thus capable of complement activation through the lectin pathway. In this study, we examined whether IgG in serum and gingival crevicular fluid, and IgG locally produced by plasma cells in gingiva of periodontal disease patients, display altered glycosylation. We developed a lectin-ELISA to measure levels of galactose-deficient IgG in the fluids and immunofluorescence staining to detect galactose-deficient IgG-producing cells in gingiva. Our results indicated higher levels of galactose-deficient IgG in sera and gingival crevicular fluid from periodontal disease patients, compared with levels in healthy controls. Furthermore, gingivae from periodontal disease patients exhibited infiltration of IgG-producing plasma cells; many of them contained galactose-deficient IgG in the cytoplasm. Analysis of our data suggests that IgG secreted by B-cells was aberrantly glycosylated, which resulted in the production of pro-inflammatory galactose-deficient IgG.
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Wu, Min, Shao-Wu Chen, and Shao-Yun Jiang. "Relationship between Gingival Inflammation and Pregnancy." Mediators of Inflammation 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/623427.
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An increase in the prevalence and severity of gingival inflammation during pregnancy has been reported since the 1960s. Though the etiology is not fully known, it is believed that increasing plasma sex steroid hormone levels during pregnancy have a dramatic effect on the periodontium. Current works of research have shown that estrogen and progesterone increasing during pregnancy are supposed to be responsible for gingivitis progression. This review is focused not only on epidemiological studies, but also on the effects of progesterone and estrogen on the change of subgingival microbiota and immunologic physiological mediators in periodontal tissue (gingiva and periodontal ligament), which provides current information about the effects of pregnancy on gingival inflammation.
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Hussain, Musarrat, Muhammad Naeem, Imran Khattak, Raham Zaman, and Sajila Raziq. "Frequency of gingivitis in pregnancy in patients reporting to Bacha Khan Dental College, Mardan." Pakistan Journal of Public Health 10, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v10i2.484.
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Background: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of gingivitis in pregnant females reporting to Bach Khan Dental College, Mardan. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 70 pregnant women by using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Pregnant females with age range of 20 to 45 years, having adequate oral hygiene, no systemic disease affecting gingival health and Pakistani nationals were included in the study. Age, trimester of pregnancy, employment, brushing habit and presence of gingivitis were recorded. Loe and Silness gingival index was used to record the various grades of gingivitis (normal gingiva, mild, moderate, and severe gingivitis). Descriptive statistics were computed. Comparison was done for the presence of gingivitis by age, employment, brushing habits, and trimester using Chi-Square test. P?0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the study was 28.44 years (SD, 5.65 years). The gingivitis was present in 40 (57.1%) participants. Of total 22 (31.4%) were government employees. Most common pattern of brushing teeth was ‘twice a day’ (n=28, 40%) and most common trimester of pregnancy was third (n=28, 40%). Most of the pregnant female belonged to age group 26 to 30 years (n=28, 40%) and 20 to 25 years (n=21, 30%). Most common form of gingivitis was severe (n=25, 35.71%) followed by moderate (n=13, 18.57%). In pregnant females the effect of brushing pattern, employment, trimesters and age on gingivitis was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The frequency of gingivitis in pregnancy is quite high in our study. The dental practitioners should be vigilant and advise the plaque control and prompt treatment of gingivitis to pregnant females to prevent progression to periodontitis.
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Prasad, Sunkara Shree Ramalinga, Chitturi Radharani, SV Kiran Kumar, and Soumya Sinha. "Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis with Distinctive Facies." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, no. 6 (2012): 892–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1248.
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ABSTRACT Hereditary gingival enlargement also known as gingivitis or familial elephantiasis is a rare type of gingival enlargement. It appears as an isolated autosomal dominant disorder or maybe associated with other conditions. Oral manifestations may vary from minimal involvement of only tuberosity area and the buccal gingiva around the lower molars to a generalized enlargement inhibiting eruption of the teeth. This paper discusses the case of a 13-year-old female patient with distinctive facial characteristics who presented to the department with a chief complaint of swollen gums since 1 year. She had severe diffuse gingival enlargement of the maxilla and mandible. Diagnosis was made based upon clinical examination and family history. Quadrant wise internal bevel gingivectomy procedure was done for the patient to restore her functional and esthetic needs. How to cite this article Prasad SSR, Radharani C, Sinha S, Kumar SVK. Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis with Distinctive Facies. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(6):892-896.
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Dilsiz, Alparslan, and Tugba Aydin. "Self-Inflicted Gingival Injury Due to Habitual Fingernail Scratching: A Case Report with a 1-Year Follow Up." European Journal of Dentistry 03, no. 02 (April 2009): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697423.
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ABSTRACTInjuries to oral soft-tissues can occur due to accidental, iatrogenic, and factitious traumas. Traumatic lesions, whether chemical, physical, or thermal in nature, are among the most common in the mouth. A type of physical injury to the gingival tissues is self-inflicted. Sometimes the lesions are termed gingivitis artefacta. Self-inflicted gingival injuries in children and adolescents can occur as a result of accidental trauma, premeditated infliction, or chronic habits such as fingernail biting, digit sucking, or sucking on objects such as pens, pencils or pacifiers. The purpose of this case report was to illustrate the destructive nature of the habit and to describe the successful treatment of this case. A 14-year-old girl with moderate pain, gingival bleeding and recession in the anterior mandibulary region was admitted to periodontology clinic. Upon questioning, the patient readily admitted traumatizing her gingiva with her fingernail. Treatment consisted of oral hygiene instruction, mechanical debridement, psychological support and surgical periodontal treatment. Postoperatively, complete root coverage, gains in clinical attachment levels, and highly significant increases in the width of keratinized gingiva were observed. This case report shows that it is possible to treat gingival injury and maintain the periodontal health of a patient with destructive habit. Patient compliance, regular dental follow-ups, and psychological support may be useful in stabilizing the periodontal condition of these patients. Dentists must be aware that self-inflicted gingival injury, although thought to be uncommon, is quite widespread. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:150-155)
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Al-Qufaish, M. A. M., I. N. Usmanova, M. М. Tuigunov, R. F. Khusnarizanova, M. I. Gumerova, and A. I. Shangareeva. "Optimization of periodontal disease diagnosis by the results of clinical laboratory tests." Parodontologiya 26, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2021-26-2-170-174.
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Relevance. The authors have established that the microbiological and local risk factors prevail in changing the clinical condition of the periodontium. Aim – сlinical and diagnosis argumentation of the gingival tissue condition according to the criteria of the New International Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions and Proceedings of the 2017 World Workshop jointly held together by the American Association of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP).Materials and methods. Clinical and laboratory assessment of 105 young patients was conducted. Three patient groups were formed according to the detected risk factor and according to the data of the New International Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions. The main group consisted of 70 (66.6%) patients with diagnosed chronic plaque-induced gingivitis (33.3%) and initial periodontitis (33.3%) (mild chronic periodontitis). The control group comprised 35 patients with clinically healthy gingiva on an intact periodontium (71.1%) and reduced periodontium (22.9%). Periodontal pathogens as a risk factor were assessed by PCR using DNA-express commercial sets (Liteh, LLC, scientific manufacturing company, Russia). Cytology of the gingival crevicular fluid impression smears stained by Romanovsky-Giemsa method was performed.Results. Changes in the hygiene and periodontal indices were revealed on full dental examination. PCR detected low or critical number of periodontal pathogens in the studied samples. Neutrophilic leukocytes, histiocytes and epithelial cells were present in the impression smears, polymorphonyclear neutrophils significantly increased and macrophages, histiocytes, epithelial cells appeared; macrophages decreased.Conclusion. Full dental examination and laboratory tests revealed the following clinical conditions: clinically healthy gingiva on an intact periodontium, clinically healthy gingiva on a reduced periodontium, plaque-induced gingivitis, stage I periodontitis – initial periodontitis, which corresponded to the New International Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions and Proceedings of the 2017 World Workshop held by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP).
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Мирошниченко, Виктория, Viktoriya Miroshnichenko, Марина Нагаева, Marina Nagaeva, Ольга Маренова, Olga Marenova, Марина Кузьмина, and Marina Marina V. Kuzmina Kuzmina Marina V. Kuzmina. "CYTOMORPHOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES FOR TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC CATARRHAL GINGIVITIS." Actual problems in dentistry 14, no. 2 (July 25, 2018): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2018-14-2-42-47.
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Object. Catarrhal gingivitis treatment of patients was accompanied by marginal gingiva cytological examination. The number of epithelial and connective tissue cells was calculated. Then, their cytomorphometry was held with both: the definition of morphological classes of cell destruction and measurements of their functional morphology in the average cell destruction (ACD), cell cytolysis index (CCI), cell destruction index (CDI). Purpose. To conduct the cytomorphometry of periodontal tissue cells before treatment and during the treatment of patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis. Methodology. The prevalence of the inflammatory process in the gingiva was estimated with the help of periodontal PMA index and the gingival sulcus bleeding index (sbi) by Miihlemann and Son. The Green-Vermillion hygienic index was determined. For cytological examination, the material was collected by cytochrome on fat-free surface of glass in the form of a single scrape from the marginal gingiva inflammation site. The place of sampling was not changed throughout the study. The resulting material was fixed on the glass and transferred to the cytological laboratory. Then the material was examined with a microscope in five fields of view under magnification. Result statistical processing was carried out in Statistika 6.0 programme. Results. In cytogram study for patients with healthy periodontium there were noted in a small number: lymphocytes (36±14), monocytes (6±1,87), plasmocytes (4±1,87), macrophages (1±1), neutrophils 96±29,89; for patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis: lymphocytes 4150±108.1, neutrophils 1150±356,8, plasmocytes 60±16,6, macrophages 48,3±6,35, monocytes 21,6±2,5. Lymphocytes, macrophages and neutrophils reflect the change in clinical observation most clearly, as their number decreased to 14.5%, 12.8% and 7.32%, respectively within 14 days. Summary. Cytomorphometry of marginal gingiva cells was performed in the process of catarrhal gingivitis treatment. This method is informative for evaluation of periodontal tissues inflammatory process. It can be used for rapid diagnosis of periodontal disease, determining the effectiveness of treatment, prognosis of exacerbation. It is worth noting that the method is cheap and easily accessible.
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Nisha Singh, Kesari Singh, and Jyoti Kasana. "The Effect of Nano Bio Fusion Gel as an Adjunct to Conventional Therapy in Gingivitis Patients." International Healthcare Research Journal 3, no. 10 (January 22, 2020): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26440/ihrj/0310.01205.
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INTRODUCTION: Gingival and periodontal diseases are still the most common prevalent oral diseases affecting a community/individual people and can lead to irreversible consequences, both local (bone loss, tooth mobility etc. ) and systemic (Cardiac Disease etc.)AIM: To compare the efficacy of NBF gingival gel alone and as an adjunct to conventional therapy in patients with gingivitisMATERIALS AND METHOD: This randomized study design (parallel arm study design) consisted of 7 patients with 21 quadrants and having a score 2 (moderate gingivitis) & 3 (severe gingivitis) based upon the gingival score given by Loe & Silness (1964). All the subjects were evaluated by two parameters i.e. gingival index [Loe & Silness (1964)] and Papillary Bleeding Index [Muhleman (1977)] at baseline and after one month of rendering treatment. Following random allocation (flip of coin), the first Group was given conventional therapy [Scaling and Root Planing(SRP)] followed by NBF gingival gel application, while the 2nd Group was given NBF gel application alone and the 3rd Group was given conventional therapy (SRP) alone. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 19.0 using paired t‑test as well as the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.RESULTS: After follow up, the highest percentage of mean scores of gingival index decreased among all the groups was seen in group 1 (38.15±5.46), followed by group 3(32.54±7.58) and group 2(18.91±7.62). Similarly, in the Papillary Bleeding Index, the highest percentage reduction was seen in group 1 (82.30±2.39), followed by group 3(53.54±6.02) and group 2(31.71±4.34). All observed values were significant with p≤05.CONCLUSION: NBF gel seems to provide to boost the immunity of the gingiva and periodontium, and when used as an adjunct to conventional therapy (SRP) can benefit the patient immensely.
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Igic, Marija, Ljiljana Kesic, Radmila Obradovic, Gordana Filipovic, Branislava Stojkovic, and Kosta Todorovic. "Comparative clinical evaluation of the therapeutic effects of low-level laser and hyaluronic acid on gingivitis catarrhalis in children." Vojnosanitetski pregled 77, no. 7 (2020): 736–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp171207118i.
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Background/Aim. Gingivitis catarrhalis is the most common disease of the oral mucosa in children, representing an inflammation of the gingiva of an exudative nature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy and hyaluronic acid therapy on gingivitis catarrhalis in children using the appropriate clinical parameters. Methods. The study involved 100 children with permanent dentition in whom gingivitis catarrhalis had been diagnosed. The examinees were divided into two groups: the group I consisting of patients with gingival inflammation (50 examinees) in whom the therapy with hyaluronic acid was applied after the removal of soft and hard dental deposits, and the group II consisting of patients with gingival inflammation (50 examinees) in whom low-level laser therapy was applied after the removal of soft and hard dental deposits. Clinical evaluation of the therapeutic effects of low-level laser and hyaluronic acid on gingivitis catarrhalis was performed using the appropriate indices: the Greene-Vermillion Plaque Index (PI), Muhlemann bleeding index (BI), and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Results. Using the Student?s t-test for dependent samples, a statistically significant difference was obtained (p < 0.001) between the PI, BI, and CPITN indices before and after the therapy in both examined groups. Moreover, the CPITN index after the therapy in the group II was statistically significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that obtained in the group I. Conclusion. The results demonstrated an exceptional effect of hyaluronic acid and low-level laser therapy, supplementing basic therapy, in the treatment of catarrhal gingivitis in children. Somewhat better results were achieved with the combination of basic therapy and low-level laser.
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Sasano, T., S. Kuriwada, N. Shoji, D. Sanjo, H. Izumi, and K. Karita. "Axon Reflex Vasodilatation in Cat Dental Pulp Elicited by Noxious Stimulation of the Gingiva." Journal of Dental Research 73, no. 12 (December 1994): 1797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345940730120201.
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Antidromic stimulation of sensory nerves has been shown to increase blood flow in the tissue they innervate. This study was designed to determine if antidromic vasomotor responses occur in feline dental pulp and if they are mediated by branched axons supplying both tooth pulp and gingiva. Dynamic changes in pulpal blood flow (PBF) elicited by electrical stimulation, pinching, heating, and capsaicin application to the gingivae were investigated in cat mandibular canine teeth by means of Laser Doppler Velocimetry. All inferior alveolar nerve bundles and the cervical sympathetic trunk had been previously sectioned to avoid the occurrence of brainstem reflexes, e.g., somato-autonomic vasomotor reflexes. Increases in PBF were observed in seven out of 12 cats when a restricted gingival area adjacent to the canine teeth was stimulated as described, but the increases were abolished after the sensitive gingival area was painted with lidocaine jelly, a surface anesthetic. These vasodilator responses, remarkably reduced following repeated application of 30 mM of capsaicin, are considered to be induced via antidromic activation of capsaicin-sensitive nociceptive nerve fibers, presumably by axon reflex mechanisms, suggesting that nerve terminals supplying the gingiva originate from parent axons which have collaterals that innervate the canine tooth pulp.
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Trickovic-Janjic, Olivera, Tatjana Cvetkovic, Mirjana Apostolovic, Draginja Kojovic, Ljiljana Kostadinovic, Marija Igic, and Dusan Surdilovic. "Analysis of enzyme activity and the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of children with gingivitis." Vojnosanitetski pregled 66, no. 11 (2009): 892–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0911892t.
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Introduction/Aim. By analyzing activity of some of the enzymes normally present in the saliva and the level of malondialdehyde in gingivitis, it is possible to estimate the functional condition of parodontium, and the examined parameters can be considered as biochemical markers of its functional condition. The aim of this paper was to examine activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase and the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of children affected with gingivitis, as well as the values of the mentioned parameters in relation to the level of the inflammation of gingiva. Methods. The research included 120 children at the age of 12.2 with permanent dentition. L?e and Silness gingival index was used to estimate the condition of gingiva, based on which the children were classified into four groups: the children with healthy gingiva (the control groups), the children with mild, moderate and severe inflammation of gingiva (the study group). Enzymes of the saliva were determined by the use of original tests and measured by the autoanalyser (Bio Systems A25, Spain). A modified method with tiobarbituric acid was used to determine malondialdehyde in nonstimulated mixed saliva. Results. The results of the examined enzyme activity and the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of the study groups showed statistically considerably higher values for the level of malondialdehyde (p < 0.001), for the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transferase (p < 0.01), as well as for alanine aminotransferase (p < 0.05) in comparison with the control group, whereas the activity of lactate dehydrogenase did not show a statistically significant increase. In relation to the level of the inflammation of gingiva, the results of the examination of the enzyme activity in the study groups showed statistically significantly higher values in the group with severe inflammation in comparison with those with mild, as well as the moderate inflammatory, except for the gamma glutamyl transferase, and in the group with moderate inflammation compared to that with the mild one, except for alanine aminotransferase. The results of the examination of the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of the study groups did not show a statistically significantly increase in relation to the level of the inflammation of gingiva. Conclusion. There is a higher level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity together with the higher level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of children with gingivitis in comparison with the activity of the same enzymes and the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of children without gingivitis. The activity of the examined enzymes in the saliva of children with gingivitis increases in relation to the intensity of the pathological process, whereas the level of malondialdehyde shows no significant difference in relation to the level of the inflammation of gingiva.