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Gomez, Hernandez Maria del Carmen. "Information system for environmental technologies." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://louisdl.louislibraries.org/u?/NOD,210.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of New Orleans, 2005.Title from electronic submission form. "A thesis ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science"--Thesis t.p. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Božnis, Andrius. "Atviro kodo GIS technologijų tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060608_143325-26376.
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GIS is one of the most perspective information technology sciences sphere. GIS conjuncts the digital image analysis and data base systems. This makes GIS wide applicable and very high skills demanding system. There is a lot of commercial GIS software which is well advertised and which functionality is pretty well known, while open source software is forgotten. In this diploma work is made analysis of available open source GIS software on the Internet, in the scope of different projects interrelations, programming languages. Also analysed open GIS standards. More detail analysis made on software selected by criteria, found by previous analysis. Demonstrating plug-in creation process on open source GIS platform.
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Villeneuve, Julie. "Delineating wetlands using geographic information system and remote sensing technologies." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3135.
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During the last century wetlands have considerably decreased. The principal cause
is urbanization, especially in large urban regions such as the Houston area. In order
to protect the remaining wetlands, they have to be monitored carefully. However
monitoring wetland is a difficult and time-demanding task because it has to be done
repetitively on large areas to be effective. This study was conducted to determine if
Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing technologies would allow
accurate monitoring of wetland as a less time-consuming method. With this idea,
a suitability model was developed to delineate wetlands in the Houston area. This
model combined GIS and remote sensing technologies. The data used for this study
were as high spatial resolution as possible and were generally easy to obtain. This
suitability model consisted of four submodels: hydrology, soil, vegetation and multi-
attribute. Each submodel generated a Wetland Suitability Index (WSI). Those WSI
were summed to obtain a general WSI. The suitability model was calibrated using
half of the study area. During calibration, the general model was evaluated as well as
each individual index. Generally, the model showed a lack of sensitivity to changes.
However, the model was slightly modified to improve the delineation of upland wet-
lands by increasing the weight of the soil submodel. This model was validated using
the second half of the study area. The validation results improved a bit compared to
the calibration results; however they remained weak. It was demonstrated that the
model does not favor riverine wetlands over upland wetlands, nor large size wetlands. The model ground truth data were evaluated and were suffciently proven to be up to
date. Those results indicated that the weakness of the model must come from inac-
curacy in the input data. Therefore, the study showed that while existing computing
capacity supports remote delineation, spatial accuracy is still insuffcient to perform
correct wetland delineation using remote sensing and GIS technologies.
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Cakar, Bekir. "Factors Affecting Police Officers' Acceptance of GIS Technologies: A study of the Turkish National Police." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84182/.
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The situations and problems that police officers face are more complex in today’s society, due in part to the increase of technology and growing complexity of globalization. Accordingly, to solve these problems and deal with the complexities, law enforcement organizations develop and apply new techniques and methods such as geographic information systems (GIS). However, the successful implementation of a new technology does not just depend on providing perfect technical support, but effective and active interaction between the user and system. For this reason, research examining user acceptance of GIS technologies provides a valuable source to investors and designers to predict whether the results of the technology will meet user expectations; understanding the factors that influence user acceptance is vitally important to make the system more usable and preferable. This study attempts to explain Turkish National Police officers’ beliefs about and behaviors toward GIS applications by using the technology acceptance models. It contributes to the technology acceptance literature by testing the proposed model in a rarely studied organization: law enforcement. Regarding methodology, I distributed a survey questionnaire in Turkey; the unit of analysis was the law enforcement officers in the Turkish National Police (TNP). In order to analyze the data derived from the survey instrument, structural equation modeling (SEM), a multivariate statistical technique, was used to analyze the quantitative data by utilizing the AMOS 16.0 software. The analysis resulted in good model fit, and 6 of the 7 hypotheses were supported.
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Sandin, Oscar. "GIS-baserad prediktion av HIV : en förstudie." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för miljö- och livsvetenskaper (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74514.
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Epidemic Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) due to its rapid spread and deep influence has been a unique phenomenon in the near history. The virus has been existing all over the world, the spread of infection is both dynamic and complex. Epidemics are a geographical phenomenon with a certain extent. Most of the factors that can be linked to the epidemic are also geographically dependent. Considering that, the Geographic Information System (GIS) can be an important tool in studying the phenomenon.The pilot study spatially predicted HIV level and investigated to what extent this is possible and how the process may look like. The focus of the study was on the technical part, to evaluate the method. The pilot study mainly used the GIS-tool Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), which is based on regression analysis. The regression type that was used was multiple linear regression that uses a dependent variable and several explanatory variables. The method assumes that the dependent variable can be explained by several variables that have a linear relationship to the dependent variable.The study area of the pilot study is Tanzania, a country located in eastern Africa. Tanzania has large socio-economic gaps and varying levels of HIV between regions. HIV data used in the pilot study comes from the Tanzania HIV Impact Survey (THIS) and the data for other variables comes from The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program. The HIV model is explained on the basis of four factors: undernourished children, circumcised men, and people with only primary education and households that own agricultural land.The first step in the implementation was data preparation, the next step was to conduct a global analysis using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. Followed by a geographic analysis with the GWR tool. The last step was to implement predictions using the created model. Four control regions in Tanzania were predicted, the model was also tested in five other African countries. The OLS analysis generates an Adjust R-Squared value of 0,436 which is a measure of the model's explanatory value of HIV. The same value for the GWR analysis was 0,502. The transition to GWR provided an improvement. Two out of four control regions in Tanzania provide accurate results. The same model also predicts relatively well in other African countries. The pilot study's results are limited by low data resolution and limited identification of HIV factors. With higher data resolution and better assurance of HIV factors, more accurate and detailed HIV predictions can be achieved. The pilot study's conclusion is that HIV predictions that obtain credible results are possible with the help of GIS-based analysis tools. As a suggestion for improvement, more high-resolution data is recommended, preferably as points. This would give the analysis better conditions for more accurate and detailed predictions.Epidemin Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) är ett unikt fenomen i historisk närtid. Med avseende på dess snabba spridning och djupa påverkan. Den finns representerad i världens samtliga länder, smittspridningen är både dynamisk och komplex. Epidemier är ett geografiskt fenomen med en viss utbredning. Flertalet av de faktorer som kan kopplas till epidemin är även de geografiskt beroende. Därför kan Geografiskt Informations System (GIS) vara ett viktigt verktyg i studier av fenomenet.Förstudien ska spatialt prediktera HIV-nivå samt utreda i hur stor utsträckning detta är möjligt och hur processen kan se ut. Tyngdpunkten i studien kommer att ligga på den tekniska delen, att utvärdera metod. Förstudien använder främst GIS-verktyget Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) som är baserade på regressionsanalys. Regressionstypen är multipel linjär regression som använder sig av en beroende variabel och flera förklarande variabler. Metoden antar att den beroende variabeln behöver förklaras med flera variabler som har en linjär relation till den beroende variabeln.Förstudiens studieområde är Tanzania, ett land beläget i östra Afrika. Tanzania har stora socioekonomiska klyftor och varierande HIV-nivåer mellan regionerna. HIV-data som används i förstudien kommer från Tanzania HIV Impact Survey (THIS) och data för övriga variabler kommer från The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program. HIV-modellen förklaras utifrån fyra faktorer: undernärda barn, omskurna män, personer med enbart grundskoleutbildning samt hushåll som äger jordbruksmark.Första steget i genomförandet var dataförberedelser, nästa steg var att utföra en global analys med metoden Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). Därefter genomfördes en geografisk analys med verktyget GWR. Sista steget var att genomföra prediktioner med den skapade modellen. Fyra kontroll-regioner i Tanzania predikterades, modellen testades även på fem andra afrikanska länder. OLS-analysen genererar ett Adjust R-Squared-värdet på 0,436 som är ett mått på modellens förklarings-värde av HIV. Samma värde för GWR-analysen landade på 0,502, övergången till GWR gav en förbättring. Två av fyra kontrollregioner i Tanzania ger träffsäkra resultat. Samma modell predikterar även relativt bra i andra afrikanska länder. Förstudiens resultat begränsas av låg dataupplösning samt begränsad identifiering av HIV-faktorer. Med högre dataupplösning och bättre säkerhetsställande av HIV-faktorer kan mer träffsäkra och detaljerade HIV-prediktioner uppnås.Förstudiens slutsats är att det är möjligt i viss utsträckning att erhålla trovärdiga HIV-prediktioner med GIS-baserade analyseringsverktyg. Som förbättringsförslag rekommenderas mer högupplöst data, helts i punktform. Det skulle ge analysen bättre förutsättningar för mer träffsäkra och detaljerade prediktioner.
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Metla, Jagadish Apparao. "Participation technologies a framework for the development of an online interactive GIS application /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Nolte, Kurt, Mark C. Siemens, and Pedro Andrade-Sanchez. "Integrating Variable Rate Technologies for Soil-applied Herbicides in Arizona Vegetable Production." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146756.
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5 pp.Precision herbicide application is an effective tool for placing soil incorporated herbicides which have a tendency for soil adherence. And while field implementation depends on previous knowledge of soil textural variability (soil test and texture evaluations), site-specific technologies show promise for Arizona vegetable producers in non-uniform soils. Regardless of the method used for textural characterization, growers should keep in mind that textural differences do not change in the short/medium term, so the costs associated with defining texture-based management zones can be spread over many years.
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Johnson, Craig A. "The Diffusion of Geospatial Technologies Among Louisiana Assessors." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1638.
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The diffusion of geospatial technologies, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Computer Aided Mass Appraisal Systems (CAMA), among Louisiana Assessors has been slowed by limited resources, a lack of communication and slow innovation decision processes. This research considers analysis of the speed of adoption, identifies the key players in decision making and the issues that influence the process based upon the theory of the diffusion of innovation developed by Dr. Everett M. Rogers (1995). The research data collected from online surveys, field visits and interviews of Louisiana Assessors between 2007 and 2013 was compared to identify factors that spurred or impeded the adoption of geospatial technologies among assessment offices. The research finds that proximity, communication, resources and the type of adopter predicts the adoption of GIS and/or CAMA by Louisiana Assessors.
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Ho, Lee-kin Joe, and 何利堅. "Incorporating GIS and CAD technologies in the modelling of three-dimensional urban landscape of Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42575229.
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Ho, Lee-kin Joe. "Incorporating GIS and CAD technologies in the modelling of three-dimensional urban landscape of Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42575229.
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Chen, Wei-Bin B. "Optimal allocation of stormwater pollution control technologies in a watershed." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1158464967.
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Burchfield, David Richard. "Assessment of Great Basin Bristlecone Pine (Pinus longaeva D.K. Bailey) Forest Communities Using Geospatial Technologies." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9184.
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Great Basin bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva D.K. Bailey) is a keystone species of the subalpine forest in the Great Basin and western Colorado Plateau ecoregions in Utah, Nevada, and California. Bristlecone pine is also the world's longest-lived non-clonal organism, with individuals occasionally reaching ages up to 5,000 years old. Because of its longevity, bristlecone pine contains an important proxy record of climate data in its growth rings. Despite its ecological and scientific importance, bristlecone pine's distribution and associated environmental drivers are poorly understood. Geospatial technologies, including unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), and spatial modeling techniques can be used to quantify and characterize biotic and abiotic factors that constrain the fundamental and realized niches of bristlecone pine and other subalpine forest species. In Chapter 1, we describe workflows and important technical and logistical considerations for collecting aerial imagery in mountainous areas using small UAS, enabling high-quality remotely sensed datasets to be assembled to study the ecology of subalpine forests. In Chapter 2, we discuss a unique outlier population of bristlecone pine found in the Stansbury Mountains, Utah. We used GIS to delineate boundaries for five small stands of bristlecone pine and examined two competing hypotheses that could explain the species' presence in the range: 1) that the current population is a relict from the Pleistocene, or 2) that long-distance dispersal mechanisms led to bristlecone pine's migration from other mountain ranges during or after the warming period of the Pleistocene/Holocene transition. Potential migration routes and barriers to migration were considered in our effort to understand the dynamics behind the presence of this unique disjunct population of bristlecone pine. Chapter 3 describes a comprehensive mapping effort for bristlecone pine across its entire distribution. Using data from historic maps, vegetation surveys, herbarium records, and an online ecological database, we compiled nearly 500 individual map polygons in a public-facing online GIS database representing locations where bristlecone pine occurs. Using these occurrence data, we modeled the suitable habitat of the species with Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), examining the relative importance of 60 environmental variables in constraining the species distribution. A probability map was generated for bristlecone pine, and the environmental variables were ranked in order of their predictive power in explaining the species distribution. We found that January mean dewpoint temperature and February precipitation explained over 80% of the species distribution according to the MaxEnt model, suggesting that the species favors drier air conditions and increased snowfall during winter months. These three studies demonstrate that geospatial tools can be effectively used to quantify and characterize the habitat of bristlecone pine, leading to improved management and conservation of the species in the face of multiple threats, including mountain pine beetle (MPB), white pine blister rust (WPBR), and possible habitat constriction due to climate change.
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Jackson, Victoria L. "Use of GIS and Remote Sensing Technologies to Study Habitat Requirements of Ocelots, Leopardus pardalis, in south Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3244/.
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The goals of this study were to use Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing technologies to gain a better understanding of habitat requirements of a population of ocelots in south Texas, and then apply this knowledge to form a predictive model to locate areas of suitable habitat in Willacy and Cameron counties, Texas. Satellite imagery from August 1991 and August 2000 were classified into four land cover types: closed canopy, open canopy, water, and urban/barren. These classified images were converted into digital thematic maps for use in resource utilization studies and modeling. Location estimates (762 from 1991 and 406 from 2000) were entered into a GIS in order to extract information about home range and resource selection. Each animal's home range was calculated using both Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP) and Kernel home range estimators (95% and 50%). Habitat parameters of interest were: soil, land cover, human density, road density, and distance to closest road, city and water body. Ocelots were found to prefer closed canopy and avoid open canopy land cover types. Ocelots preferred soils known to support thorn scrub, an indication of the importance of this habitat. Landscape metrics associated with habitat used by ocelots were determined through the use of Patch Analyst, an extension for ArcView 3.2. Contrary to expectations, ocelots utilized areas with greater fragmentation than random areas available for use. However, this use of highly fragmented areas was an indication of the degree of fragmentation of suitable habitat in the area. Further investigation of patch size selection indicated that ocelots used large sized patches disproportionately to availability, indicating a preference for larger patches. A model was created using the resource selection and habitat preference GIS database from 1991. This model was used to identify areas of “optimal”, ”sub-optimal”, and “unsuitable” habitat for ocelots in 2000. This resultant map was compared to known locations of ocelots in 2000. Ocelots were found to prefer optimal habitat and avoid unsuitable habitat, an indication that the model created was valid.
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Kutlakhmedov, Yuri O., Irina V. Matvieieva, and Valentyna A. Groza. "Modeling of ecological systems by methods of the theory of radiocapacity and reliability with application of GIS technologies." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/30519.
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International Symposium on Sustainable Aviation 2017 (10-13 September 2017). Abstract bookMathematical models and analytical GIS models for migration and accumulation of radio nuclides have been costructed. Models' verification for real objects and prognosis of radioecological processes on corresponding territories have been realized.
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Perez, Adriana Evangelina. "Application on integrated remote sensing and GIS technologies to geoenvironmental issues in far West Texas and southern New Mexico." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Emil, Mustafa Kemal. "Land Degradation Assessment For An Abandoned Coal Mine With Geospatial Information Technologies." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612627/index.pdf.
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This study proposes an approach for land degradation assessment for an abandoned coal mine
by using geospatial information technologies. The land degradation assessment focuses on
two major changes: topographical and Land Use and Land Cover (LULC). For this purpose,
stereo aerial photos, Worldview-1, Landsat and ASTER images, Terrestrial Laser Scanning
(TLS) data, Global Positioning System (GPS) data, and ancillary maps were used for
abandoned Ovacik surface coal mine.
Volume of excavations and fillings, drainage network deviations, and slope instabilities were
the investigated topographical disturbances by comparison of the Digital Elevation Models
(DEM) for pre- and post-mining stages. Using aerial photos and Worldview-1 satellite image,
LULC maps were prepared based on the same time period. Then areal extent and spatial
pattern of the LULC change was calculated and mapped by post classification comparison
method.
The results of land degradation assessment show that there was a significant topographical
disturbance and LULC change in the research area. Particularly, three dump areas with a total
volume of 2,334,878 m3 were identified by DEM subtraction. It was found that stream
network around the primary dump site shifted towards south with a maximum displacement of
60m. Slope analysis reveals that slopes higher that 60 degrees were mainly observed in
excavation area with 81 percent. LULC change study showed that the forest area decreased
an amount of 106,485 m2 from 1951 to 2008. Howeverby means of the forestation efforts in dump sites, an amount of 106,012 m2 forest land was recovered.
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Ai, Chengbo. "A Sensing Methodology for an Intelligent Traffic Sign Inventory and Condition Assessment Using GPS/GIS, Computer Vision and Mobile LiDAR Technologies." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53643.
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Traffic signs, which transportation agencies must inventory and manage, are one of the most important roadway assets because they are used to ensure roadway safety and provide important travel guidance/information. Traffic sign inventory and condition assessment are two important components that are essential for establishing a cost-effective and sustainable traffic sign management system. Traditionally, state departments of transportation (DOTs) have conducted traffic sign inventory and condition assessment manually, a process that is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and sometimes hazardous to field engineers in the roadway environment. Methods have been developed to automate sign inventory and condition assessment using video log images in previous studies. However, the performance of these methods still needs to be improved. Based on the need to inventory signs and manage them more effectively, this study has two focuses. The first focus is to develop an enhanced traffic sign detection methodology to improve the productivity of an image-based sign inventory for state DOTs. The proposed methodology includes two enhanced algorithms: a) a lighting dependent statistical color model (LD-SCM)-based color segmentation algorithm that is robust to different image lighting conditions, especially adverse lighting and b) an ordinary/partial differential equation (ODE/PDE)-based shape detection algorithm that is immune to discontinuous sign boundaries in a cluttered background. The second focus of the study is to explore a new traffic sign retroreflectivity condition assessment methodology to develop a mobile method that uses emerging computer vision and mobile light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technologies to assess traffic sign retroreflectivity conditions. The proposed methodology includes a) an image-LiDAR registration method employing camera calibration and point co-planarity to register the 3D LiDAR point cloud with 2D video log images, b) a theoretical-empirical normalization scheme to adjust the magnitude of the LiDAR retro-intensity values with respect to LiDAR beam distance and incidence angle based on the radiometric responses, and c) a population-based retroreflectivity condition assessment method to evaluate the adequacy of a traffic sign retroreflectivity condition based on the correlation between the normalized LiDAR retro-intensity and the retroreflectivity values. For the proposed traffic sign detection methodology, comprehensive tests using representative datasets (e.g. with different road functions, data collection sources, and data qualities) were conducted to validate the performance of the two enhanced algorithms and the complete methodology. For the proposed retroreflectivity condition assessment methodology, the fundamental behavior of LiDAR retro-intensity was comprehensively tested and simulated under a controlled lab and roadway environment to quantify the impact of beam distance and incidence angle. A preliminary test on Type 1 engineer grade stop signs was conducted in the field to validate the performance of the proposed sign retroreflectivity condition assessment method. The results from both of the proposed methodologies are promising.
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Ghanta, Neelima. "Integrating Geospatial Technologies into the Property Management Process of the Transportation Right-Of-Way." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31280.
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Property Management, one functional area within Right-of-Way offices in state transportation agencies, is responsible for managing the property acquired for highway projects. These activities are data and document intensive and efficiency for performing them would be improved through the implementation of an information management system. Because of the geospatial nature of many of these activities, geographic information systems (GIS) would increase the effectiveness of this system. A literature review and survey were conducted to understand the current state of practice for the use of GIS and information management systems in Property Management. There is no identified comprehensive system that covers all Property Management activities. An initial step in developing a geospatially-enabled enterprise-level information management system, a logical model was developed. This included developing the business process diagram, business process models, and use case models based on the principles of systems engineering using the Computer Aided Software (CASE) Enterprise Architecture. Activities that would benefit from a geospatial component have been identified and included in the models. The developed models have been validated by working with PennDOT staff. The resulting model serves as a standard template for state transportation agencies and helps conceptualize the advantages of integration and interaction with other systems, and geospatial enablement prior to investment in an information management system.Master of Science
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Vladimir, Marković. "Примена географских информационих технологија у ловном туризму Војводине." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2010. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=23751&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Ловни туризам представља облик туристичких кретања који одликује елитност и са својим специфичностима се разликује од осталих видова туризма. Из ових разлога, како би се у што већој мери задовољиле потребе ловаца-туриста, али и олакшало пословање ловних радника, неопходно је и у овом виду туризма примењивати географске информационе технологије. Предмет истраживања дисертације представља могућност примене географских информационих технологија у ловном туризму Војводине. Тачније, радом је обухваћена примена ГИС-а и ГПС-а у неколико одвојених сегмената ловне привреде. Тако је у раду представљена примена ових технологија у ловишту „Апатински рит“, у прихватилишту за јеленску дивљач у оквиру Националног парка „Фрушка Гора“, и у ловиштима ловачких удружења на територији Војводине. У раду је приказана употреба географских информационих технологија у областима гајења и заштите дивљачи, газдовања дивљачи, у области ловног туризма, као и у области пропаганде овог вида туризма. Резултати истраживања могу помоћи даљим проучавањима узрочно-последичних веза између ловног туризма и ресурса ловно-туристичких дестинација на којима се ова путовања заснивају, а све у циљу адекватног осмишљавања и пласмана ловно-туристичке понуде.[Lovni turizam predstavlja oblik turističkih kretanja koji odlikuje elitnost i sa svojim specifičnostima se razlikuje od ostalih vidova turizma. Iz ovih razloga, kako bi se u što većoj meri zadovoljile potrebe lovaca-turista, ali i olakšalo poslovanje lovnih radnika, neophodno je i u ovom vidu turizma primenjivati geografske informacione tehnologije. Predmet istraživanja disertacije predstavlja mogućnost primene geografskih informacionih tehnologija u lovnom turizmu Vojvodine. Tačnije, radom je obuhvaćena primena GIS-a i GPS-a u nekoliko odvojenih segmenata lovne privrede. Tako je u radu predstavljena primena ovih tehnologija u lovištu „Apatinski rit“, u prihvatilištu za jelensku divljač u okviru Nacionalnog parka „Fruška Gora“, i u lovištima lovačkih udruženja na teritoriji Vojvodine. U radu je prikazana upotreba geografskih informacionih tehnologija u oblastima gajenja i zaštite divljači, gazdovanja divljači, u oblasti lovnog turizma, kao i u oblasti propagande ovog vida turizma. Rezultati istraživanja mogu pomoći daljim proučavanjima uzročno-posledičnih veza između lovnog turizma i resursa lovno-turističkih destinacija na kojima se ova putovanja zasnivaju, a sve u cilju adekvatnog osmišljavanja i plasmana lovno-turističke ponude.[
Hunting tourism is a form of tourist movements that characterized some specifics that make it different from other types of tourism. For these reasons, in order to more closely meet the needs of tourist-hunters, but also and hunting staff, it is necessery to apply geographic information technologies to hunting tourism. The subject of thesis is the application of geographic information technologies in hunting tourism in Vojvodina.Precisely, the work includes application of GIS and GPS in several separate segments of the hunting economy. Thus, the study presents the application of these technologies in the hunting ground "Apatinski rit", in the reservation for red deer within the National Park "Fruska Gora", and hunting grounds of hunting associations in Vojvodina. The paper deals with the use of geographic information technologies in the areas of harvesting and protection of the game animals, hunting ground management, hunting tourism, and in the field of promotion of this kind of tourism. The research results may help further for the study of cause-effect relationship between hunting tourism and hunting resource of destination, in order to design and proper placement of hunting tourism.
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Stott, Debbie. "A framework for evaluating instructional design models resulting in a model for designing and developing computer based learning tools with GIS technologies." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003430.
Full textAbstract:
With the increasing pressures and concerns in education regarding capability, lifelong learning, higher order cognitive skills, transdisciplinary education and so on, educators are seeking fresh ways to teach and new tools to support that teaching. In South Africa, Outcomes Based Education (OBE) has identified critical outcomes (skills) across all subject areas such as problem solving, teamwork, fostering critical thinking etc. as a way of responding to these pressures and concerns. But OBE has been criticised for lacking the necessary tools to develop these critical skills and to promote cross-discipline learning. One innovative way of offering transformative teaching, instruction and learning that may foster the development of these critical skills, particularly those concerned with critical thinking, is by using geographic information systems (GIS) technologies. The scope for using these technologies in secondary education is now being realised for teaching the more generic, cross-discipline skills described whereby students are learning not only about GIS but also with GIS. This realisation provides the opportunity to create flexible, computer-based learning materials that are rooted in authentic, real-world contexts, which aim to enhance the cognitive skills of the students. If these technologies can be used in an innovative way to develop critical outcomes and skills, a model needs to be defined to aid the design and development of learning materials using these technologies for use in schools. The primary aim of this study has been to develop such a model; a model which emphasises the development of real-world learning materials that develop higher-order thinking skills in learners. Another key product of this study is the submission of a comprehensive yet flexible framework for evaluating instructional design models found in the educational literature in order to determine if these design models can be used to develop learning materials forparticular contexts.
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Kayondo-Ndandiko, Lydia Mazzi. "Geographical Information Technologies – Decision Support for Road Maintenance in Uganda." Doctoral thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för planering och mediedesign, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00539.
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This study set out to develop a framework within which the use of Geographical Information Technologies (GITs) can be enhanced in Road Infrastructure Maintenance (RIM) in Uganda. Specifically it was guided by 3 objectives; 1. To assess the gaps in the use of GITs for RIM in Uganda and the limitations to accessing these technologies, 2. To develop a methodological framework to enhance the use of GITs in RIM and 3. To develop a Geographical Information Systems for Transportation (GIS-T) data model based on the road maintenance data requirements. A participatory approach through a series of interviews, focus group discussions, workshop & conferences, document reviews, field observations & measurements and GIS analysis were employed. Based on the Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) concept and the principle of Causality, the gaps and limitations were established to mainly be concerned with data and organisational constraints as opposed to technical issues. They were classified to include; inadequate involvement of GITs in organisational activities, inappropriate institutional arrangements, absence of data sharing frameworks, budget constraints, insufficient geospatial capacity, digital divide in the perception, adoption & affordability of GITs among the stakeholders and the absence of a road maintenance Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). A methodological framework, comprising of 6 strategic components was developed to enhance the use of GITs in RIM. This included enactment of relevant policy components to guide GIT use, continuous capacity building, establishment of a road maintenance SDI, fostering collaboration and spatial data sharing frameworks, budgetary allocation based on defined activities inclusive of GIT initiatives, and adoption of a dynamic segmentation data model. Conceptual and logical data models were developed and proposed for the Sector. The conceptual model, presented using an entity relationship diagram, relates the road network to the point and line events occurring on it. The logical object relational model developed using the ESRI provided template represents the road and the point and line events in a total of 19 object classes. The Study concludes that in order to ground GIT benefits in the sector; technical, data and organisational concerns involved in GIT undertakings should be accorded equal emphasis. Institutionalisation and diffusion of GITs as aspects of the component strategies are regarded capacity building mechanisms earmarked to boost success in GIT initiatives. Further research on diffusion and funding models for GIT initiatives is recommended. It is suggested that aspects of the proposed model be considered when establishing GIT standards for the sector. The RIM sector is encouraged to embrace Science and Technology and to participate in Research and Development and particularly to adopt the culture of innovation considering the ready availability of off the shelf equipment, freeware and open source software that can foster informed decision making.
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Narooie, Mahnaz. "Boosting Public Participation in Urban Planning Through the Use of Web GIS Technology : A Case Study of Stockholm County." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147870.
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Providing citizens with the robust and suitable tools to effectively participate in the planning process is a necessity nowadays. Also, changes in the capabilities and popularity of new technologies have dramatically raised the number of technology-based tools that are potentially available for enhancing public participation in the planning process. This study explores both the theoretical aspect of collaborative planning and the effects that Web-based Public Participatory GIS (WPPGIS) applications and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has on the planning process. Findings indicate that the WPPGIS applications have the potential for increasing participation. It is also found that besides the contextual elements like the attitudes of planners and decision makers, the technological features such as proper user interface, price of software, technical and literacy skills are seen as crucial hindrances to bridging the planning process and technology-based solutions. This research also attempts to combine IAP2 Public Participation Spectrum and technological functionalities into a single framework to understand the implementation of WPPGIS applications in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden. Finally, based on the given criteria and assessment of the reviewed applications, this study concludes with the design and implementation of a prototype WPPGIS application using Open-Source Technologies (OST).
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West, Bryan A. "Conceptions of geographic information systems (GIS) held by senior geography students in Queensland." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16682/.
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Geographical Information Systems (GIS) represent one of the major contributions to spatial analysis and planning of the new technologies. While teachers and others have viewed its potential contribution to geographical education as considerable, it has not been known with any certainty whether they present a valuable educational tool that aids geographical education. The value of GIS to geographical education is viewed as depending on a geographical education being, in itself, valuable. Within this context, synergetic focus groups are employed to explore the conceptions of GIS held by 109 secondary school students studying Senior Geography in metropolitan and regional Queensland, Australia. A phenomenographic approach is adopted to identify the six qualitatively different ways, or conceptions, in which the participating students experience GIS as: 1. Maps and a source of maps in geography. 2. Mapping in geography: a way to use and create maps. 3. A professional mapping tool: exceeding the needs of senior geography. 4. Frustrating geography: irksome and presenting many challenges to the student-user. 5. Relevant geography: within and beyond the school experience. 6. A better geography: offering a superior curriculum, and broader geographical education, when contrasted to a senior geography that omits its use. The structural and referential elements of each of these conceptions are elucidated within corresponding Categories of Description. The qualitatively different ways in which the conceptions may be experienced are illustrated through an Outcome Space, comprising a metaphoric island landscape. This structural framework reveals that for the Senior Geography students who participated in this investigation, the extent to which GIS may augment the curriculum is influenced by the nature of students' individual understandings of how GIS manages spatial data. This research project is a response to repeated calls in the literature for teachers of geography themselves to become researchers and for a better understanding of GIS within geography education. It reviews the salient literature with respect to geography and geography education generally, and GIS within geographical education specifically. The investigation has confirmed that qualitatively different conceptions of GIS exist amongst students and that these are not consistently aligned with assumptions about its use and benefits as presented by current literature. The findings of the study contribute to knowledge of the potential educational outcomes associated with the use of GIS in geography education and decisions related to current and potential geography curricula. It provides guidance for future curriculum development involving GIS and argues for additional research to inform educators and the spatial sciences industry about the actual and perceived role of GIS within geography education.
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Canepa, Claudia. "New information technologies in the old political economy : an exploration of community-based GIS for improving basic services for the poor in New Delhi, India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33012.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 217-223).
Rapid urbanization, limited neighborhood-level data, and the multiplicity of overlapping agencies in mega-cities in the developing world are creating a significant gap between citizens, particularly the poor, and government. Rising poverty rates have led NGOs and government actors to explore the role of community-based geographic information systems (GIS) in improving service provision to the poor. These participatory GIS applications focus on collecting neighborhood-level information directly from residents and providing this information to government for more need-based planning and policy-making. This thesis examines the development of three such applications in New Delhi, India, that illustrate the potential of participatory GIS production and implementation processes in strengthening communities and creating organizational change within government. However, these three projects also suggest that a stronger understanding of the political economy of information gathering and policy- making is needed if the use of resident perceptions and other types of local knowledge is to be institutionalized in government resource allocation and policy-making processes. Findings suggest, first, that, contrary to the popular belief that government lacks sufficient knowledge about the needs of the poor and that the role of participatory GIS is simply to inform "government," frontline workers have much information on the poor, and it is the higher-level officials who lack the knowledge. This knowledge differential highlights the need to deconstruct the state and consider the political economy issues that prevent information sharing between different levels of government.
(Cont.) Second, due to differences in ideology between NGOs and government, these two actors collect data on the poor for very different reasons. These differences may act as major impediments to GIS co-production unless special processes are set up and intermediaries are brought in to help generate common motivations between the two groups. Third, the NGOs' participatory approach to gathering local knowledge, which is deeply rooted in the flexible nature of NGOs, contrasts sharply with the standardized data collection methods that government officials and policy-makers value. This contrast, coupled with the fact that policy-making processes are often structured in ways that prevent easy incorporation of local knowledge, presents a challenge for NGOs and governments who seek to work together to create more need-based planning and policy-making.
by Claudia Canepa.
M.C.P.
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Maslov, Jayet de Gercourt Nicolas. "Approche multicritère pour la recherche de site et l'optimisation de technologies d'énergies marines renouvelables." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0109/document.
Full textAbstract:
La recherche développée dans cette thèse propose une méthodologie pour faciliter la recherche d'un site favorable à I'installation d'un parc d'énergie marine, ainsi qu'un ensemble de solutions techniques appropriées au site lui-même et aux contraintes économiques. Dans le but de simplifier les processus de décisions, une approche multicritère est proposée. La méthode développée intègre un système d'information géographique, une méthode d'analyse multicritère et un algorithme d'optimisation. Cette stratégie est appliquée dans le cadre d'un projet d'implantation d'un parc d'hydroliennes. Trois critères sont utilisés : I'acceptation sociale, l'énergie produite et le coût global du projet.Le premier critère à modéliser est I'acceptation sociale qui permet de discrétiser spatialement la zone d'étude. Cette modélisation vise une segmentation de I'espace maritime suivant son potentiel à réduire les conflits. L'agrégation des différentes contraintes spatiales est obtenue en utilisant la méthode Electre III. Des modèles de coût et de production énergétique ont été ensuite intégrés en prenant en compte la possibilité de combiner plusieurs technologies. Les sites d'installations proposés sont définis par I'intersection de la carte d'acceptabilité avec les cartes relatives aux contraintes géographiques intervenant dans I'estimation du coût de l'énergie produite. La technologie utilisée, les principaux paramètres de dimensionnement des machines et les caractéristiques géographiques des sites d'installation permettent l'évaluation des deux derniers critères. Pour chaque site d'implantation, les machines offrant le meilleur compromis coût/ énergie produite sont identifiées grâce à un algorithme génétique. La méthode d'analyse multicritères Electre III est également appliquée dans le processus de décision final incluant les trois critères. Un classement des différentes régions de I'espace maritime, auxquelles une machine optimisée est associée, est obtenu. Ce classement est adapté à la vision du problème des décideurs grâce aux possibilités de paramétrage des différents critères dans ElectreThe research developed in this thesis introduces a methodological approach whose objective is to facilitate the search of a favorable site for the installation of a marine energy converter park in the maritime domain. In order to efficiently install a marine energy farm in a suitable region, two main objectives are considered. The first one is to identify the best location for a given technology, and the second one aims is to find the optimal farm configuration and the most adequate technologies for a given region.The introduced methodology is based on a combination of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), multi-criteria analysis (MCA) and an optimization algorithm. Three main criteria are considered in the approach: the global cost of the project, quantity of energy produced and social acceptance. The social acceptance criterion is evaluated by the MCA. The MCA retained is Electre III. The research develops a combination of Electre and GIS analysis that takes into account the conflicting nature of the different spatial constraints. The geographical dimension is taken into account thanks to a grid-oriented structural representation in which each elementary region is ranked according to the potentialities and the conflicts that may arise. The approach is complemented by the application of a genetic algorithm whose objective is to select the technical options for each spatial subdivision in order to optimize the criteria of cost and produced energy by the converters. The last step of the methodology applies Electre again to provide a decision-aid support. The whole approach generates a potential classification of the different sub-regions of the maritime space considered, according to the different technologies considered, and this by summarizing the three main criteria. Overall the method provides a decision-aid system based on the flexibility offered by the Electre parameters that can be used by both engineers and decisionmakers when studying the potentiality offered by the development of marine energy converters
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Pujari, Swarna. "A framework to develop an interactive web database for delivery of water resources field data over the internet." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001272.
Full text
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Harper, Erik. "Open-source technologies in web-based GIS and mapping a thesis presented to the Department of Geology and Geography in candidacy for the degree of Master of Science /." Diss., Maryville, Mo. : Northwest Missouri State University, 2006. http://www.nwmissouri.edu/library/theses/HarperErik/index.htm.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Northwest Missouri State University, 2006.The full text of the thesis is included in the pdf file. Title from title screen of full text.pdf file (viewed on January 25, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Bolling, Bethany G. "Use of Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing Technologies to Describe Mosquito Population Dynamics in the Ray Roberts Greenbelt, Denton County, Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4160/.
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A population survey was conducted from April through September 2002 on mosquito species occurring on the Ray Roberts Greenbelt, a riparian corridor used for public recreation on the Elm Fork of the Trinity River, in Denton County, Texas. ArcGIS software was used to set up a stratified random sampling design based on habitat parameters. Multivariate analyses of sampling data and climatic variables were used to describe spatial and temporal patterns of mosquito species. A total of 33 species were collected during this study belonging to the following genera: Aedes, Anopheles, Coquillettidia, Culex, Mansonia, Ochlerotatus, Orthopodomyia, Psorophora, Toxorhynchites, and Uranotaenia. Seasonal distributions of the dominant species revealed population fluctuations. Aedes vexans was the primary species collected in April and May, occurring in low numbers throughout the rest of the sampling period. Psorophora columbiae reached its highest population density in June, with a smaller peak occurring in late July. Present from May through the end of September, Culex erraticus was the most abundant species collected with major peaks in mid-June and the end of July. Abundance of Culex salinarius followed the same general trend as that for Cx. erraticus, but with smaller numbers. The specimens were tested for a variety of arboviruses by the Texas Department of Health. One pool of Cx. erraticus and Cx. salinarius, collected in August 2002, tested positive for West Nile virus. Variables that were important factors for determining dominant species abundance were temperature, wind speed, rain accumulation occurring one-week and two-weeks prior to sampling, number of day since last rain event, dew point, and average canopy coverage.
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Andersson, Åsa, and Abdiqafar Ismail. "Ruttoptimering : En jämförelse mellan mänsklig erfarenhet och optimeringsprogram." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informationssystem och -teknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-30846.
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Route optimization aims to optimize routes for vehicles withregards to resource usage. Especially when the vehicle needsto visit multiple customers on the route, a route optimizationtool is beneficiary. The purpose of this study is to comparehuman experience with a route optimization program. This isdone by comparing how a truck driver makes his routes to theroute a GIS-tool has calculated and then see which of theroutes was shorter, measured in kilometers. The data for thisstudy was gathered from a big shipping company. In order toachieve the purpose of this study 10 routes were analysed bya GIS program called ArcGIS. The algorithm used by ArcGISin route optimization is tabu search, this type of program wasused because it is based on heuristic methods that is muchfaster than exact methods. Expert systems are based onknowledge from experts that have been accumulated duringmany years of experience. Providing recommendations basedon probability reasoning instead of absolute answer. Thesekind of systems is often used in GIS programs to improveresults and calculation time. The aim of this study wasanalyze if a optimization program finds a better route than theexpert. This study shows an improvement of 60% of theanalyzed routes. To verify the results of this study anhypothesis test was made which gave a level of significanceby more than 85 %. The routes were optimized to a certainextent even before the study was done due to the driveralready being familiar with the routes in question. Because ofthis the results of this study were lower compared to othersimilar studies. Another reason may be that the coordinatesgiven to us did not always correspond perfectly with actuallocation of the stops.Ruttoptimering avser att optimera rutter för fordon medminsta möjliga resursåtgång. När fordonet ska besöka ettflertal givna platser är ett ruttoptimeringsverktyg förmånligtatt använda. Denna studie syftar till att jämföra den mänskligaerfarenheten mot ett ruttoptimeringsprogram. Detta har gjortsgenom att jämföra hur en lastbilschaufför har kört en rutt mothur ett GIS-verktyg räknat fram den optimerade färdvägen avsamma rutt. Sedan jämfördes om det fanns skillnader ochvilken av rutterna som var kortast, räknat i kilometer. Datahar hämtats från ett stort fraktföretag. För att nå syftet har 10rutter undersökts i programmet ArcGIS Online som använderalgoritmen tabusökning. En kommersiell beräkningsmetodhar använts då det bygger på heuristiska metoder som ärbetydligt snabbare än exakta metoder. Expertsystem byggerpå erfarenhet som experter har samlat på sig genom åren, deger rekommendationer baserade på sannolikhetsresonemangistället för definitiva svar, dessa system sätts ofta in i GIS för att förbättra resultat och beräkningstider i systemen. Studienresulterade i en förbättring på 60 % av rutterna. Målet meddenna undersökning var att visa om ett optimeringsprogramhittar en bättre rutt än experten. För att verifiera resultaten istudien gjordes en hypotesprövning vilket gav ensignifikansnivå på över 85%. Chauffören har kört dessa rutteri flera år vilket gör att rutterna är optimerade i en viss månredan innan studien gjordes. Det har inverkat på resultatetsom gett ett lågt medelvärde av den procentuella skillnaden,jämfört med tidigare undersökningar. En annan faktor kanvara att koordinaterna i datan från företaget inte helt stämdemed den verkliga placeringen av stoppen på rutterna.
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Červenková, Tereza. "Technologie tvorby GIS cykloturistických stezek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390216.
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The master thesis deals with the creation of a geographic information system for the needs of cycling. A circular route on Jindřichův Hradec was designed and processed. The whole project was implemented on the ArcGIS platform, especially in ArcMap 10.4.1. Emphasis was placed primarily on showing the route characteristics without having to switch off the layers. Publications were explored and varied outputs were created for the presentation.
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Osolsobě, Kristina. "Technologie tvorby GIS cykloturistických stezek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414314.
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The aim of this master thesis was to create a geographic information systém (GIS) for the needs of cycling. The proposed route connects Vyškov and Blansko and allows you to get to know beauties of the Moravian Karst and the Drahanská vrchovina. The whole thesis was created in software ArcGIS for Desktop 10.4.1 from the company Esri. In addition to the actual processing of data from measurement and GIS creation, I have tried various database queries and analytical task over the data. The final GIS was published on the web and is accessible to the public. It allows you to display the characteristics of the route and points of interest without having to turn off individual layers.
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Tärby, Linda. "Minska risken för terrorbrott med hjälp av blockchain och geografiska informationssystem." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informationssystem och -teknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-33818.
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How do companies, municipalities and authorities protect people from terroist attacks where large vehicles are involved? Considering to the last years terrorist attacks this is something that becomes increasingly relevant to consider. This study investigates how companies, municipalities and authorities solve these problems today, how much they know and apply blockchain and geofence and if there is a need to implement a geoblockchainsystem in the future to reduce the risk of these types of terrorist attacks. To find that out interviews have been conducted with participants all the way from truck manufacturers and carrier companies to municipalities, authorities and IT companies. The interview where constructed in a nonstandard way with the aim of developing more about what they themselves had for ideas about the subject. A survey with answer options was also sent out to obtain information from a larger number of participants. The result of the investigation indicates both the interest and the need of a geoblockchain system to reduce the risk of terrorist attacks of the specified kind (the investigation also indicates a general interest in the geoblockchain technology). The idea is to delineate areas using a geofence system and create a very secure information storage by connect the geofence system with blockchain. The blockchain system decentralizes the information, all transactions made must be approved by a several number of units to be performed, every transaction can always be tracked and nothing can ever be deleted or modified without making a new transaction. It was a very few of the participants that already use blockchain or geoblockchain, it was more common for informants to use geofencing, but that was also relatively unusual.Hur gör företag, kommuner och myndigheter för att skydda människor från terroristattacker där stora fordon är inblandade? Med tanke på de senare årens terroristattacker är detta något som blir allt mer relevant att ta hänsyn till. I denna studie undersöks hur företag, kommuner och myndigheter idag löser dessa problem, hur mycket de känner till och tillämpar blockchain och geofence och om det finns behov att i framtiden implementera ett geoblockchainsystem för att minska risken för ovanstående typ av terrorbrott. För att ta reda på detta har intervjuer genomförts med alltifrån lastbilstillverkare och transportörer till kommuner, myndigheter och IT-företag. Intervjuerna utformades på ett icke standardiserat sätt med syfte att få fram mer kring vad de själva hade för idéer. Även en enkät med svarsalternativ skickades ut kring ämnet för att få in information från ett större antal informanter. Resultatet av undersökningen tyder på både intresse och behov av ett geoblockchainsystem för att minska risken för terrorbrott av detta slag (undersökningen tyder även på ett generellt intresse för denna nya teknik). Tanken är att kunna avskärma områden med hjälp av ett geofencesystem och för att skapa ett lagringsystem med väldigt hög säkerhet koppla samman detta med blockchain. Blockchain decentraliserar informationen, alla transaktioner som görs måste godkännas av flertalet enheter för att gå igenom, det går alltid att spåra transaktionerna och ingenting går att ta bort eller modifiera utan att göra en ny transaktion. Väldigt få av de tillfrågade använder idag blockchain och/eller geoblockchain, det var lite vanligare att informanterna använde sig av geofencing, men även det relativt ovanligt.
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Федчишин, Максим Олександрович. "ГІС-аналіз екологічних ризиків в результаті аварій на газо-нафтопроводах." Master's thesis, Київ, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/26993.
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Магістерська дисертація складається зі вступу, п’яти розділів, висновку, переліку посилань з 26 найменувань, 4 додатки, і містить 19 рисунків, 35 таблиць. Повний обсяг магістерської дисертації складає 108 сторінки, з яких перелік посилань займає 3 сторінки, додатки – 16 сторінок.
Актуальність теми. З точки зору безпеки трубопроводи мали хороший досвід у перевезенні небезпечних матеріалів, але зараз виникають декілька факторів, які дозволяють зробити висновок, що дотримання найкращих міжнародних стандартів трубопровідності може бути недостатнім для задоволення безпеки та екологічних очікувань суспільства. Основними чинниками, що ведуть до цього висновку, є:
– трубопроводи зношуються, і записи показують, що ймовірність виникнення інцидентів на цих трубопроводах зростає;
− трубопроводи працюють в районах, де щільність населення збільшилася.
Недоліки трубопроводів, що містять деякі небезпечні матеріали, можуть становити серйозні ризики навіть з невеликих викидів.
Враховуючи вищезазначене, Європейське співтовариство розробляє ініціативу з безпеки трубопроводів, яка, як очікується, вимагатиме демонстрації безпеки та стану трубопровідних систем у випадку безпеки.
Для підвищення репрезентативності, змістовності та достатності інформації необхідно врахування більшої кількості початкових даних, інформації з різних джерел, а просторова прив'язка дозволяє зробити цю інформацію зручною для її сприйняття та використання при прийнятті рішення, саме цю задачу вирішуватиме розроблена система.
Метою дослідження є створення методичної та алгоритмічної бази для ГІС-аналізу екологічних ризиків в результаті аварій на газо-нафтопроводах.
Для досягнення поставленої задачі були сформульовані наступні завдання дослідження, що визначили логіку дослідження та його структуру:
− проаналізувати критерії та показники екологічних ризиків аварій на трубопроводах;
− проаналізувати сучасні інформаційні ГІС-технології в задачах моніторингу довкілля;
− визначити розрахункові моделі оцінки екологічних ризиків в результаті аварій на газо-нафтопроводах;
− спроектувати архітектуру системи ГІС-аналізу екологічних ризиків в результаті аварій на газо-нафтопроводах;
− розробити програмне забезпечення для ГІС-аналізу екологічних ризиків в результаті аварій на газо-нафтопроводах.
Об’єктом дослідження є інформаційні технології моніторингу довкілля.
Предметом дослідження є інформаційні технології моніторингу екологічних ризиків.
Методико-математичне забезпечення. Розв’язання поставлених задач виконувались з використанням наступних методико-математичних забезпечень:
− індивідуальний ризик;
− колективний ризик;
− комплексні ризики;
− збитки.
Практичне значення одержаних результатів роботи полягає в розробці системи ГІС-аналізу екологічних ризиків в результаті аварій на газо-нафтопроводах, що спрощує роботу працівників міністерства надзвичайних ситуацій.Master's thesis consists of an introduction, five sections, a conclusion, a list of references from 26 denominations, 4 appendices, and have 19 figures, 35 tables. The full volume of the master's thesis is ?? pages, 3 of which is list of references, ?? – appendices. Topicality. From the safety point of view, pipelines have had good experience in the transport of hazardous materials, but now there are several factors that can lead to the conclusion that compliance with the best international pipeline standards may not be sufficient to meet the security and environmental expectations of society. The main factors leading to this conclusion are: − pipelines are wearing out, and records show that the probability of incidents occurring on these pipelines is increasing; − pipelines operate in areas where population density has increased. Disadvantages of pipelines containing some hazardous materials can pose serious risks even with small emissions. Taking into account the above, the European Community is developing a pipelines' safety initiative, which is expected to require demonstration of the security and status of pipeline systems in the event of a safety concern. In order to increase the representativity, content and sufficiency of information, it is necessary to take into account more initial data, information from different sources, and spatial binding allows making this information convenient for its perception and use when making a decision, this task will be solved by the developed system. The aim of the research is creation of methodical and algorithmic basis for GIS analysis of environmental risks as a result of accidents on gas and oil pipelines. To accomplish the task, the following research objectives were formulated, which determined the logic of the research and its structure: − analyze the criteria and indicators of environmental risks of pipeline accidents; − to analyze modern information technology GIS in the tasks of environmental monitoring; − to determine the estimated models of environmental risk assessment as a result of accidents on gas and oil pipelines; − to design the architecture of the system of GIS analysis of environmental risks as a result of accidents on gas and oil pipelines; − to develop software for GIS analysis of environmental risks as a result of accidents on gas pipelines. The object of research is the information technology of environmental monitoring. The subject of research is an information technology for monitoring environmental risks. Methodological and mathematical support. The solving of defined tasks was performed using the following methodological and mathematical support: − Individual risk; − collective risk; − complex risks; − losses. The practical value of research the work is to develop a system of GIS analysis of environmental risks as a result of accidents on gas and oil pipelines, which simplifies the work of the Ministry of Emergency Situations.
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Viktorová, Stanislava. "Metodika využití technologie GIS v realitním inženýrství." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390265.
Full textAbstract:
The doctoral thesis deals with the interdisciplinary issue of variants evaluation from real estate engineering, multi-criteria analyses and geographic information systems, and represents the technological ways of the visual aspect related to mutual spatial relations of real estates. The thesis describes the design and verification of methodology dealing with the use of GIS technology in real estate engineering. The primary element of the methodology is the locality as a fundamental determinant of the real estate market objects to which strictly applies a unique characteristic of spatial information. The object location as such is defined by a large number of criteria that need to be spatially analysed. For the needs of spatial analysis was chosen combination of GIS technology with multi-criteria methods (MCDA) which evaluate variants of the problem. Objective determination of a suitable combination of weighting methods and multi-criteria methods is part of the methodology. An objective determination should lead to a reduction in the human factor risk by determining preferences and variants. The proposed procedures are validated on case studies which were dealt with in specific projects. This methodology should be beneficial not only for the criteria evaluation of price comparison in real estate engineering but also for several areas of multi-criteria decision making in terms of space and location-related data.
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Lam, Un Teng Chemical Sciences & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Bioparticle engineering using dense gas technologies." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Chemical Sciences & Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44782.
Full textAbstract:
The applications of dense gas technology (DGT) in modern particle engineering have shown promising results in producing submicron particles with uniform particle morphology. In this study, two configurations of dense gas antisolvent processes were employed for the micronization, encapsulation and co-precipitation of pharmaceutical compounds. The encapsulation of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) by a pH-responsive polymer (Eudragit?? S100) was successfully performed using the supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process. Nanocomposites of less than 200nm in diameter with encapsulated SPIONs content as high as 16 wt% were achieved. Magnetic characterization of the product was also performed and the data were fitted by the Langevin equation. The superparamagnetic properties of the composites were preserved and the effective magnetic size was about 10 nm. The magnetically and pH-responsive nanocomposites can be potentially utilized as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and drug carriers. Screening experiments of 8 active pharmaceutical ingredients and 5 pharmaceutical excipients were performed using the recently patented atomized rapid injection solvent extraction (ARISE) process. Candidates with promising product morphology and recovery were selected for co-precipitation studies. The co-precipitation of the anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and poly l-lactic acid (PLLA) was conducted to develop a controlled release system. Experiments were designed based on a two-level, three-factor factorial design, in order to investigate the effects of processing parameters on product characteristics. Submicron PLLA-5FU composites (diameter<0.8 ??m) with a drug loading of 7.4 wt% were produced.
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Viktorová, Stanislava. "Aplikace prostorových analýz pomocí technologie GIS pro účely trhu s nemovitostmi." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232614.
Full textAbstract:
The master's thesis deals with possibilities for using of spatial analyses for purposes of the real estate market in using geographic information system. The focus of this thesis is on the issues for the search of appropriate documents for project development in GIS and data processing. For the definition of functional spatial analyses are followed criteria of the property location, building location, transportation accessibility, availability of services, physical and geographical parameters, positive and negative effects of the environment, restrictions on use. GIS project is presented as an interactive map containing the input data and the individual spatial analyses which describe the analyzed factors or criteria affecting the real estate market. The results of analyses represent the advantage possibilities of using GIS for dealing with appropriate of practical use for the purpose of the real estate market.
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Labanauskaitė, Sandra. "GIS technologijų taikymas kaimo turizmo plėtros veiksniams nustatyti ir įvertinti." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070808.112246-61237.
Full textAbstract:
Darbo tikslas - ištirti Lietuvos kaimo turizmo verslo rinką bei jį įtakojančius faktorius, praktine prasme palyginti su Didžiosios Britanijos kaimo turizmu. Išanalizuoti Lietuvos ir Didžiosios Britanijos regionuose sodybų pasiskirstymą.
Tyrimo objektas – kaimo turizmo sodybos Lietuvoje ir Didžiojoje Britanijoje.
Lietuvoje kaimo turizmas laikomas viena perspektyvių, alternatyvių veiklų kaime. Kiekvienais metais, pradedant nuo 1997 m., kai įsikūrė Lietuvos kaimo turizmo asociacija, Lietuvoje kaimo turizmo sodybų skaičius didėja. Lietuvaičiai vis dažniau poilsiauja kaime, daugėja ir užsienio svečių. Dažniausiai turistai atvyksta iš Vokietijos, Anglijos, Latvijos, Rusijos, Baltarusijos, Suomijos, Švedijos, Airijos. Kaimo turizmo sodybos juos vilioja romantiška–autentiška aplinka, kultūra, istorija, teikiamomis paslaugomis bei pramogomis.
Atliekant tyrimą buvo analizuojamas regioninis sodybų pasiskirstymas Lietuvoje ir Didžiojoje Britanijoje. Tyrimo metu buvo išnagrinėti kai kurie įstatymai ir Vyriausybės nutarimai, įtakojantys Lietuvos kaimo turizmo sodybų funkcionavimą, taip pat kitų autorių darbai bei interneto puslapiai, susiję su kaimo turizmu Lietuvoje bei Didžiojoje Britanijoje bei ją įtakojantys veiksniai.
Tyrimo metu paaiškėjo, kad Lietuvoje daugiausia sodybų yra Aukštaitijos regione, o Didžiojoje Britanijoje – Anglijos regione. Renkantis kaimo turizmo sodybą Lietuvoje ar Anglijoje įtakos turi du pagrindiniai faktoriai: kraštovaizdis bei siūlomos pramogos. Taip pat... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The main aim of the survey - to investigate the Lithuania’s country cottage business market and factors which has influence for it; to compare with Great Britain’s country cottage; to analyze homestead repartition in Lithuania’s and Great Britain’s regions. The main object - the country cottage homestead in Lithuania and Great Britain. In Lithuania tourism is one of perspectives and alternatives activities in rural areas. (The year were abode the Lithuania Country Tourism Association). Country tourism homestead numbers has been growing every year since 1997. People choose country homestead more often for the holidays, also a lot of foreign guests come from Germany, England, Latvia, Russia, Belarus, Finnish, Sweden Ireland. Guests have been tempted by romantic-authentic frame, culture, history, indoor-outdoor facility and pleasure. In this survey were analyzed regional homestead repartition in Lithuania and Great Britain. Were analyzed law and other governmental acts which have influence for Lithuania’s country cottage homestead working also some author’s works and internet pages which are related to country cottage situation in Lithuania and Great Britain. During the survey it emerged that in Lithuania the maximum number of country cottage homestead is in Aukstaitija’s region and in Great Britain - England region. In Lithuania and in Great Britain choosing the country cottage homestead the big influence has two important and main facts: landscape and facility. In... [to full text]
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Edwards, Morgan Rae. "Greenhouse gas equivalency metrics for evaluating energy technologies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112052.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D. in Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 127-137).
This thesis addresses a long-standing question about how to compare energy technologies that emit different types of climate forcers during their life cycles. This problem is challenging because these forcers have dissimilar lifetimes in the atmosphere, ranging from days (black carbon) to decades (methane, CH 4) to centuries or more (carbon dioxide, CO2 ). Efforts to reduce the climate impacts of energy use may involve a tradeoff between these short-and long-lived emissions. Equivalency metrics, which express emissions of one forcer (e.g., CH4 ) in units of another (typically CO2), are widely-used tools for comparing the climate impacts of emissions. These metrics allow climate impacts to be expressed on a single scale, but they require assigning a relative value to short- versus long-lived climate forcing. The equivalency metric approach is used in a large variety of applications, from technology evaluation to emissions trading. These applications almost universally rely on a single metric, developed as a placeholder over twenty-five years ago. This metric, the global warming potential (GWP), compares gases based on their radiative forcing impacts over a fixed time horizon (usually 100 years). The design of the GWP, including critically the time horizon over which emissions are compared, is largely arbitrary, yet it has enormous implications for comparing the climate impacts of energy technologies and other emissions sources. Despite the practical and political importance of equivalency metrics, the scientific literature has not produced a consensus on how to design or choose these metrics. To address this gap in the literature, this thesis develops a new conceptual and quantitative modeling approach to link equivalency metric design to global climate policy goals. This procedure involves (a) formulating a set of goal-inspired equivalency metrics, (b) testing metrics by simulating the results when they are applied in real-world contexts, and (c) selecting metrics based on multiple performance criteria. We highlight two dimensions of metric performance: climate performance (i.e., whether metric-based decisions meet climate policy goals) and energy performance (i.e., whether these decisions support energy use, for example during a technology transition). No metric performs optimally across all criteria, and this approach allows us to quantify these performance tradeoffs. The central result of the thesis is that climate policy goals can be used to inspire equivalency metric design, and these goal-inspired metrics address key shortcomings of the GWP(100). Specifically, under a policy to limit global temperature change to 2°C (where radiative forcing levels stabilize around mid-century), a shorter time horizon is essential. We find that applying the GWP(100) in this policy context can lead to radiative forcing overshoots in excess of two thirds of the remaining budget. One set of goal-inspired metrics addresses this concern by reducing the time horizon over which emissions are compared as a radiative forcing limit is approached (Chapter 2). These metrics increase the impact value placed on short-lived CH4 (relative to long-lived CO2 ) over time. We find that this design reduces the risks of overshooting radiative forcing limits, despite inherent uncertainty in the timeline for reaching these limits (Chapter 3). Relative to other metrics that lead to similar peak radiative forcing outcomes, these goal-inspired metrics allow more energy use early on, which can help enable technology transitions (Chapter 4). Applying these goal-inspired metrics to evaluate natural gas suggests that the mitigation benefits of this high-CH 4-emitting fuel will decrease significantly in the coming years. For example, under a radiative forcing limit consistent with a 2°C temperature change policy, the climate impact of natural gas electricity increases from 50% that of coal to 80% by mid-century (Chapter 2). Similar results apply to transportation fuels with high CH4 (or black carbon) emissions (Chapter 2, Chapter 5). This result draws into question large investments in technologies and long-lived infrastructure with high life cycle CH4 emissions - and provides a quantitative basis for calculating timelines to reduce the CH4 intensity of these technologies or transition to lower-emitting technologies. A bridging strategy, where technologies with high CH4 emissions are followed by those with lower emissions, permits greater overall energy consumption while meeting climate policy targets (Chapter 5).
by Morgan R. Edwards.
Ph. D. in Engineering Systems
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Langmaak, Stephan. "Cost optimization tools for advanced gas turbine technologies." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/388048/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents two studies that illustrate how cost modelling can be integrated into the various design process stages, ranging from strategic gas turbine and airframe system design to preliminary and detailed component design and production planning. The first study investigates which cruise speed the next generation of short-haul aircraft with 150 seats should fly at and whether a conventional two- or three-shaft turbofan, a geared turbofan, a turboprop or an open rotor should be employed in order to make the aircraft's direct operating cost robust to uncertain fuel and carbon (CO2) prices in the Year 2030, taking the aircraft productivity, the passenger value of time and the modal shift into account. To answer this question, an optimization loop was set up in MATLAB consisting of nine modules covering gas turbine and airframe design and performance, light and aircraft fleet simulation, operating cost and optimization. If the passenger value of time is included, the most robust aircraft design is powered by geared turbofan engines and cruises at Mach 0.80. If the value of time is ignored, however, then a turboprop aircraft flying at Mach 0.70 is the optimum solution. This demonstrates that the most fuel-efficient option, the open rotor, is not automatically the most cost-efficient solution because of the relatively high engine and airframe costs. The second study shows how a factory cost model can be combined with a parametric component production time model, to not only calculate costs at the manufacturing operation level for production planning, but also the total unit costs of future integrally bladed disc (blisk) designs for component trade-off studies. As future process times can only be estimated and the correlation between operation times and blisk design parameters, including the number of blades, the disc diameter and other design variables, is never perfect, all operation times have uncertainty distributions. These are cascaded through the model to generate a probability distribution of the unit cost.
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Wei, Da, and Yijie Ding. "Selecting Housing Development Sites using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) : A Case Study of Guangzhou, China." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21313.
Full textAbstract:
Planning is of vital importance for the development urban areas to facilitate sustainable economic growth and social functions. The traditional, manual ways of planning that depend on biophysical data and use a hierarchical approach are no longer appropriate for site choice since information is rapidly updated today. Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) has been used for about two decades with geographic information systems (GIS) to analyze spatial problems. GIS-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) provides tools for assessing the inherent tradeoffs and mechanisms for incorporating and documenting the value judgments of interest groups and decision makers and is thus a more reasonable and scientific way for site selection to development. Guangzhou, the study area of this paper, is one of the fastest developing and largest cities located in Southern China. This research used the GIS-based MCDA approaches to find the appropriate sites for residential areas in Guangzhou. Satellite images, DEM and several thematic maps of Guangzhou were used in this research. Using different methods and technologies, the data were used to create constraint and factor maps for multi-criteria analysis. After building the MCA model, the weights for multi-criteria analysis were obtained through an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) by comparing the importance of every two factors. Finally, a suitability map for housing development was generated. The result indicates that with the help of GIS and remote sensing technologies, the process of site selection and urban planning can be done in a more effective and scientific way. The limitation and future perspective of GIS based MCDA methods are discussed.
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Ravi, Bharath Viswanath. "Heat Transfer Performance Improvement Technologies for Hot Gas Path Components in Gas Turbines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71352.
Full textAbstract:
In the past few decades, the operating temperatures of gas turbine engines have increased significantly with a view towards increasing the overall thermal efficiency and specific power output. As a result of increased turbine inlet temperatures, the hot gas path components downstream of the combustor section are subjected to high heat loads. Though materials with improved temperature capabilities are used in the construction of the hot gas path components, in order to ensure safe and durable operation, the hot gas path components are additionally supplemented with thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and sophisticated cooling techniques. The present study focusses on two aspects of gas turbine cooling, namely augmented internal cooling and external film cooling.
One of the commonly used methods for cooling the vanes involves passing coolant air bled from the compressor through serpentine passages inside the airfoils. The walls of the internal cooling passages are usually roughened with turbulence promoters like ribs to enhance heat transfer. Though the ribs help in augmenting the heat transfer, they have an associated pressure penalty as well. Therefore, it is important to study the thermal-hydraulic performance of ribbed internal cooling passages. The first section of the thesis deals with the numerical investigation of flow and heat transfer characteristics in a ribbed two-pass channel. Four different rib shapes- 45° angled, V-shaped, W-shaped and M-shaped, were studied. This study further aims at exploring the performance of different rib-shapes at a large rib pitch-to-height ratio (p/e=16) which has potential applications in land-based gas turbines operating at high Reynolds numbers. Detailed flow and heat transfer analysis have been presented to illustrate how the innate flow physics associated with the bend region and the different rib shapes contribute to heat transfer enhancement in the two-pass channel. The bend-induced secondary flows were observed to significantly affect the flow and heat transfer distribution in the 2nd pass. The thermal-hydraulic performance of V-shaped and 45° angled ribs were better than W-shaped and M-shaped ribs.
The second section of the study deals with the analysis of film cooling performance of different hole configurations on the endwall upstream of a first stage nozzle guide vane. The flow along the endwall of the airfoils is highly complex, dominated by 3-dimensional secondary flows. The presence of complex secondary flows makes the cooling of the airfoil endwalls challenging. These secondary flows strongly influence endwall film cooling and the associated heat transfer. In this study, three different cooling configurations- slot, cylindrical holes and tripod holes were studied. Steady-state experiments were conducted in a low speed, linear cascade wind tunnel. The adiabatic film cooling effectiveness on the endwall was computed based on the spatially resolved temperature data obtained from the infrared camera. The effect of mass flow ratio on the film cooling performance of the different configurations was also explored. For all the configurations, the coolant jets were unable to overcome the strong secondary flows inside the passage at low mass flow ratios. However, the coolant jets were observed to provide much better film coverage at higher mass flow ratios. In case of cylindrical ejection, the effectiveness values were observed to be very low which could be because of jet lift-off. The effectiveness of tripod ejection was comparable to slot ejection at mass flow ratios between 0.5-1.5, while at higher mass flow ratios, slot ejection was observed to outperform tripod ejection.Master of Science
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Nikishin, Andrey. "Energy saving technologies during operation of the gas pipeline systems." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-129951.
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Zavadil, Jan. "Sezónní akumulace využívající technologii power-to-gas." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417449.
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The diploma thesis is focusing on the seasonal energy storage in synthetic fuels and the Power to Gas system (P2G). The P2G enables the conversion of electrical energy in times of electricity surplus, for example by using the surplus from renewable energy sources to produce synthetic gas, particulary hydrogen and synthetic methane. The main focus is on the technical and economic assessment of P2G of the Gazela natural gas pipeline. Furthermore, it identifies the limits of production, transportation, and storage capacities of these synthetic gases. The technical analysis assumes the injection of hydrogen of a certain molar concentration, according to the four proposed scenarios, into the natural gas transmission system in the Gazela pipeline. The results have showen that an increase in the molar fraction of hydrogen in natural gas will cause problems in gas transport and will lead to an increase in the pressure losses, an increase in flow rate, and a decrease in the storage capacity of the pipeline. The economic analysis examines the use of P2G technology in Czech conditions. It demonstrates the amount of production costs for the production of 1 MWh of synthetic gas depending on the electricity price and the operating time of the production facility. The sensitivity analysis has shown that neither hydrogen nor synthetic methane is competitive next to cheap natural gas unless measures like an increased price of emission allowances or a carbon tax are taken.
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Nwankwo, Jonathan Emeka. "Gas utilization in Nigeria : an economic comparison of gas-to-liquid and liquefied natural gas technologies / J.E. Nwankwo." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2056.
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Chu, Thi Thu Ha. "Mitigation of climate change: which technologies for Vietnam?" Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-99232.
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Vietnam is one of the countries suffering from the most serious adverse effects due to climate change and sea level rise. The main cause of climate change is the increased activities generating greenhouse gases. Organic waste is the main source of carbon dioxide emission, which has the largest concentration among different kinds of greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere. The conversion of organic waste and biomass into energy contributes not only to supply cleaner energy but also to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. Vietnam has a large potential of biomass and agricultural by-products. The technologies to turn biomass into different kinds of bio-energies were developed and applied all over the world. Biogas was called as "brown revolution" in the field of new energy. Biogas production technology now has been studied and applied widely in the world, particularly in developing countries with warm climate that is suitable for anaerobic fermentation of organic waste. The biogas digester can be built with any capacity, needs small investment and the input materials are widely available. The biogas energy is used for many purposes such as cooking, lighting, running engines, etc. It is a production technology quite consistent with the economy of developing countries and really brings to life more civilized and convenient to rural areasViệt Nam là một trong những quốc gia bị tác động nghiêm trọng nhất do biến đổi khí hậu và nước biển dâng cao. Nguyên nhân chính của biến đổi khí hậu là các hoạt động gia tăng tạo ra các khí gây hiệu ứng nhà kính. Chất thải hữu cơ là nguồn chính phát thải khí carbon dioxide có nồng độ lớn nhất trong số các loại khí gây hiệu ứng nhà kính khác nhau trong bầu khí quyển của trái đất. Việc chuyển đổi chất thải hữu cơ và sinh khối thành năng lượng góp phần không chỉ cung cấp năng lượng sạch hơn mà còn giảm phát thải khí gây hiệu ứng nhà kính. Việt Nam có một tiềm năng lớn về sinh khối và phụ phẩm nông nghiệp. Các công nghệ biến sinh khối thành các loại năng lượng sinh học khác nhau đã được phát triển và áp dụng rộng rãi trên thế giới. Khí sinh học được gọi là "cuộc cách mạng màu nâu" trong lĩnh vực năng lượng mới. Công nghệ sản xuất khí sinh học đã được nghiên cứu và áp dụng rộng rãi trên thế giới, đặc biệt là ở các nước đang phát triển với nhiệt độ khí hậu nhiệt đới phù hợp cho quá trình lên men kỵ khí các chất thải hữu cơ để sản xuất khí sinh học. Bình phản ứng tạo khí sinh học có thể được xây dựng với công suất bất kỳ, nhu cầu đầu tư nhỏ, các nguyên liệu đầu vào sẵn có. Năng lượng khí sinh học đã được sử dụng cho nhiều mục đích như thắp sáng, nấu ăn, chạy động cơ, v.v... Đây là hoạt động sản xuất khá phù hợp với nền kinh tế của các nước đang phát triển và thực sự đem lại cuộc sống văn minh hơn và tiện lợi đến các khu vực nông thôn
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Cirera, Hernández Albert. "New technologies and their characterisation for nanostructured SnO2 Gas sensor devices." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665756.
Full textAbstract:
La presente tesis se ha centrado en el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías para el desarrollo de sensores de gas semiconductores. Por tal motivo se han desarrollado dos técnicas para el desarrollo de nanopartículas de SnO2.
Paralelamente se ha diseñado y realizado diversos tipos de substratos basados en alúmina y silicio micromecanizados.
Con el objetivo de implementar las nanopartículas en estos substratos se han desarrollado dos nuevas técnicas para dicha implementación, llamadas micropinting y recubrimientos por pulverización.
Finalmente, con los dispositivos obtenidos se ha concebido un algortimo para la cuantificación de CO y CH4 en mezclas binarias.
Desde un punto de vista científico, se ha realizado una caracterización de SnO2 atendiendo a la temperatura de estabilización del material y hallando la evolución nanostructural de dicho óxido de estaño.
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Fourie, Gillome Stephanus. "The perception of service quality of Pasdec Automotive Technologies / G.S. Fourie." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/754.
Full textAbstract:
The scope of this research study focuses on measuring service quality
amongst customers of Pasdec Automotive Technologies.
The research objectives were:
Identify the relevant service quality dimensions
Investigate perceptions towards the overall level of service quality as well
as across the dimensions
identify key service performance areas as well as areas that need to
improve.
Although the study followed a qualitative approach, elements of triangulation
was employed in order to enhance the reliability of the research. This
involved gathering quantitative measures from respondents to substantiate
qualitative data. Data was gathered by means of in-depth interviews.
The results showed that of the original 31 service quality items discussed, it
can be reduced to 10 primary dimensions. The in-depth interviews also
focussed on a discussion of Pasdec's key service performance areas.
Based on the results and findings of the study a number of recommendations
are made. This includes that service quality should be monitored and
measured on a yearly, or even bi-annual, basis. The close interaction of in-depth
discussions with customers adds significant value in building and
nurturing customer relations.
It is lastly recommended that management develop short and medium term
action plans to develop and improve the design capabilities of the firm. The
firm should move towards a position where it can become a global player and
reap the cost benefits of economies of scale.Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
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Mou, Lei. "Toward a customized privacy preservation method in mobile tourism applications." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAM063.
Full textAbstract:
Le développement rapide des TIC (Information and Communication Technology) a un impact énorme à toutes les industries. Internet Mobile, Web 2.0, la technologie de positionnement sont déployées dans le monde largement, qui a initialisé la demande intérieure des nouvelles technologies dans le domaine du tourisme. En profitant de la commodité apportée par les nouvelles technologies, de plus en plus d'utilisateurs de commencer à se concentrer sur les questions de confidentialité.Comme on le sait, il y a une contradiction entre la qualité des services et la vie privée recommandés basés sur la localisation. profil de l'utilisateur détaillé et informations de localisation précises sont nécessaires pour fournir un service basé sur la localisation avec une grande efficacité et de qualité, tandis que la préservation de la vie privée exige cacher le profil et l'emplacement de l'utilisateur. De nombreuses recherches récentes vise à trouver un équilibre entre eux, pour obtenir la meilleure qualité de la LBS dans le contexte du contenu du profil de l'utilisateur et les informations de localisation moins exposée.Dans cette thèse, l'auteur a porté principalement sur la vie privée de profil de l'utilisateur mobile, qui couvre à la fois les caractéristiques personnelles et les informations de localisation.1, sur mesure modèle de confidentialité des utilisateurs considérant à la fois les qualités personnelles et la localisation spatiale et temporelle est définie pour l'utilisateur mobile.Dans cette recherche, nous avons proposé le modèle de confidentialité personnalisé pour chaque utilisateur de définir, son / sa propre signification de la vie privée. Avec ce modèle, à des fins de Voyage différents, ou même pour le temps et un autre emplacement, ils peuvent avoir des définitions différentes pour leur vie privée.2, Minimiser les données à stocker sur le serveur.Les profils sont stockés de deux façons différentes, le profil complet est stocké sur le côté client, et seules les valeurs des attributs qui sont en mesure pour les utilisateurs de partager sont stockés sur le côté serveur, ainsi minimisé les données à stocker sur le serveur.3, les niveaux personnalisés de granularité de la divulgation de l'emplacement et l'heure sont réglables pour les utilisateurs.Pour changer fréquemment des attributs tels que l'emplacement et l'heure, l'utilisateur peut les divulguer avec une granularité appropriée, afin d'obtenir le service attendu par les fournisseurs de services.Mots-clés: vie privée, l'emplacement, le profil de l'utilisateur, mobile, tourismeThe rapid development of ICT(Information and Communication Technology) brought huge impact to all industries. Mobile internet, Web 2.0, positioning technology are deployed world-widely, that initialized inner request of new technologies in the field of tourism as well. By enjoying the convenience brought by new technologies, more and more users starting to focus on privacy issues.As known, there is a contradiction between the quality of recommended location-based services and privacy. Detailed user profile and precise location information are needed for providing location-based service with high efficiency and quality, while privacy preservation requires hiding user's profile and location. Many recent researches aims to seek a balance between them, to obtain the best quality of the LBS in the context of the least exposed user profile content and location information.In this thesis, the author focused mainly on the privacy of mobile user profile, which covers both personal characteristics and location information.1, Customized user privacy model considering both personal attributes and spatial and temporal location is defined for mobile user.In this research, we proposed customized privacy model for every user to define, his/her own meaning of privacy. With this model, for different travel purpose, or even for different time and location, they can have different definitions for their privacy.2, Minimized the data to be stored on server.Profiles are stored in two different ways, complete profile is stored on the client side, and only the values of the attributes that are able for the users to share are stored on the server side, thus minimized the data to be stored on server.3, Customized levels of granularity of disclosure of location and time are adjustable for users.For frequently changing attributes such as location and time, user can disclose them with suitable granularity, in order to obtain expected service from the service providers.Keywords: privacy, location, user profile, mobile, tourism
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Hansen, Brigham Wheeler. "Smart Technologies for Oil Production with Rod Pumping." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6936.
Full textAbstract:
This work enables accelerated fluid recovery in oil and gas reservoirs by automatically controlling fluid height and bottomhole pressure in wells. Several literature studies show significant increase in recovered oil by determining a target bottomhole pressure but rarely consider how to control to that value. This work enables those benefits by maintaining bottomhole pressure or fluid height. Moving Horizon Estimation (MHE) determines uncertain well parameters using only common surface measurements. A Model Predictive Controller (MPC) adjusts the stroking speed of a sucker rod pump to maintain fluid height. Pump boundary conditions are simulated with Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints (MPCCs) and a nonlinear programming solver finds a solution in near real-time. A combined rod string, well, and reservoir model simulate dynamic well conditions, and are formulated for simultaneous optimization by large-scale solvers. MPC increases cumulative oil production vs. conventional pump off control by maintaining an optimal fluid level height.
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Friedel, Torsten. "Numerical simulation of production from tight-gas reservoirs by advanced stimulation technologies." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:105-2400929.
Full textAbstract:
The present thesis focusses on two main issues: (i) the development of a multi-phase simulation tool for the characteristics of tight-gas reservoirs, and (ii) the investigation of advanced stimulation techniques. The latter mainly implies the analysis of certain damaging mechanisms, as well as the derivation of general modelling guidelines for fractured wells and underbalanced drilling. A special simulation tool is developed, realised in a Fortran-MATLAB coupling. The numerical model is based on the control-volume method with finite differences. It accounts for inertial non-Darcy effects, non-Newtonian fluid rheology and stress dependency of permeability via a simplified approach. The discretisation framework is fully unstructured, using the connection list approach and the common two-point flow stencil. Wells and boundary conditions can be handled very flexible in the code. Contrary to conventional treatment in simulators, wells are discretely included in the simulator. Inertial non-Darcy flow and stress dependency of reservoir permeability are shown to affect the accuracy of simulation models, despite low gas rates. Considering a realistic scenario, with non-Darcy flow and permeability (stress) dependent non-Darcy flow coefficients, stress dependency of reservoir permeability and fracture closure, a total reduction of 40 % is possible in a 10 year production period under realistic conditions. New type-curves are presented for non-Darcy flow in fracture and reservoir, allowing for the determination of non-Darcy flow related parameters. The stress sensitivity of tight-gas rocks is crucial when simulating such reservoirs. The stress dependency of the reservoir permeability impacts the productivity to a much higher degree than the fracture closure. A two-phase model is presented for the simulation of cleanup processes in terms of load water recovery. The fracturing fluid is treated as the water phase. The load water, causing hydraulic damage, hardly curtails productivity. To get considerable reductions in productivity, permeability in the fracture vicinity needs to be severely impaired. Due to the flow pattern, fractured wells are generally less sensitive against near wellbore damage than radial wells. An enhanced three-phase cleanup model is presented for the investigations of the polymer gel cleanup, incorporating a yield power law rheology (the Herschel-Bulkley model). The combined occurrence of loadwater recovery including capillary forces and the gel cleanup, are investigated for the first time. First results indicate that both processes are only weakly coupled. A new simulation methodology is presented to investigate underbalanced drilling, taking into account multi-phase reservoir flow with capillary forces. A sensitivity analysis points out that the degree of water encroachment is the key factor for a successful UBD operation. Countercurrent imbibition, causing water encroachment is also analysed. Hydraulic damage turns out to be far more pronounced in tight-gas formations.