Academic literature on the topic 'Givors, France'
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Journal articles on the topic "Givors, France"
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Delaigue, Jacques. "La costière rhodanienne granitique de Givors à Châteaubourg (France)." Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 75, no. 1 (2006): 1–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/linly.2006.13615.
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Gaspar Celaya, Diego. "Fascisme, historiographie et Résistance: entretien avec Robert O. Paxton / Fascism, Historiography and Resistance: Interview with Robert O. Paxton." Historiografías, no. 4 (January 7, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_historiografias/hrht.201242483.
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Professor Robert O. Paxton is one of the greatest historians who has most reflected on France, fascism and Europe during World War II. His research has changed the historical understanding of France’s Vichy régime, as he used exceptional empirical evidence to demonstrate that Vichy was a voluntary program, at least at first, more than one forced on France by German pressure. In this interview he is asked about some burning issues concerning fascism historiography today, the Spanish case, and also his personal point of view about the relationship between history and memory about World Word II in France. This gives him cause to review topics such as historiography, present tendencies in fascism studies, the specificities of Franco’s régime and the dominant post war memories in France.Key wordsFascism, memory, Resistance, francoism.AbstractLe Professeur Robert O. Paxton est l’un des plus grands historiens qui ait réfléchi sur la France, le fascisme et l’Europe pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Ses recherches ont changé la compréhension de l'histoire du régime de Vichy en France. Il a notamment démontre que Vichy était un programme volontaire, au moins au début, plutôt qu’une contrainte sous la pression allemande. Dans cette interview, il est interrogé à propos de questions brûlantes qui concernent l'historiographie du fascisme aujourd'hui, le développement du fascisme en Espagne, et aussi son point de vue personnel sur la relation entre histoire et mémoire de la seconde Guerre mondiale en France. Cette type de question a permis à monsieur Paxton d'examiner des thèmes tels que les tendances actuelles de l’historiographie sur le fascisme, les spécificités du régime de Franco et les souvenirs et mémoires qui dominent l'après-guerre en France par rapport à la période de Vichy et à la Résistance.Mots clé.Fascisme, mémoire, Résistance, franquisme.
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Butler, Declan. "France gives broader role to defence research panel." Nature 367, no. 6459 (January 1994): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/367102a0.
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McCabe, Heather. "… while France gives more power to the centre." Nature 401, no. 6751 (September 1999): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/43735.
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LITWIN, HOWARD, and CLAUDINE ATTIAS-DONFUT. "The inter-relationship between formal and informal care: a study in France and Israel." Ageing and Society 29, no. 1 (December 10, 2008): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x08007666.
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ABSTRACTThis study examined whether formal care services delivered to frail older people's homes in France and Israel substitute for or complement informal support. The two countries have comparable family welfare systems but many historical, cultural and religious differences. Data for the respondents aged 75 or more years at the first wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) were analysed. Regressions were examined of three patterns of care from outside the household: informal support only, formal support only and both formal and informal care, with the predictor variables including whether informal help was provided by a family member living in the household. The results revealed that about one-half of the respondents received no help at all (France 51%, Israel 55%), about one-tenth received care from a household member (France 8%, Israel 10%), and one-third were helped by informal carers from outside the household (France 34%, Israel 33%). More French respondents (35%) received formal care services at home than Israelis (27%). Most predictors of the care patterns were similar in the two countries. The analysis showed that complementarity is a common outcome of the co-existence of formal and informal care, and that mixed provision occurs more frequently in situations of greater need. It is also shown that spouse care-givers had less formal home-care supports than either co-resident children or other family care-givers. Even so, spouses, children and other family care-givers all had considerable support from formal home-delivered care.
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Nguyen, Phuong Vu Thu. "United States involvement in Vietnam from 1950 to 1959." Science and Technology Development Journal 19, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i4.740.
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The end of World War II led to fundamental changes in the international situation, posing problems for the victor nations which had to abandon the colonial system outdated and inconsistent with objectives. However, giving up interests in the colonies seemed hardly possible for the capitalist powers. France plotted to return to Vietnam to restore colonial rule. The USA went from having no interest in the return of France to backing France, and finally exerting deep intervention and direct involvement in the Vietnam War. This paper gives an outline of the United States involvement in Vietnam from 1950 to 1959.
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Willemot, Yves. "De Gaulles “Communaute”. Een Brug van Kolonialisme Naar Paternalisme in Afrika." Afrika Focus 4, no. 3-4 (January 15, 1988): 119–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-0040304004.
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De Gaulles “Communaute”. A Bridge from Colonialism to Paternalism in Afrika. The importance of the French-African Communauté is more than just historical. Indeed, the present French-African relationship is not completely understandable without a knowledge of the Community, which was created by the constitution of the fifth French Republic (1958). President de Gaulle, who was its inspirator, realised that in the changing world the relationship between France and its colonial territories had to be adapted. The French-African Community was a federal structure in which the French-speaking territories south of the Sahara became autonomous republics. Yet their autonomy was substantially restricted: foreign affairs, defense, the economic and financial policy, justice, higher education, the policy concerning raw materials (e.g. uranium and oil), and the organisation of international transport and telecommunication were reserved for the federal institutions. Although four institutions were created within the Community (the Presidency, the Executive Board, the Senate and the Court of Arbitration), only the Presidency had real power: the exclusive legislative and executive competence in all Community matters. The function of Community President was reserved for the French President. Therefore it can undoubtedly be said that the French-African Community was not a genuine federal structure, but merely a constitutional arrangement which ensured France the exclusive control over its former African colonies. The African political leaders were also aware of this and claimed the abolition of the French-African Community. Using the possibility for change, provided by the 78th article of the constitution, they demanded independence by the transfer of all reserved competences (1960). In order to avoid any rupture, France accepted on the condition that bilateral cooperation agreements would be signed simultaneously. These agreements, which were revised halfway the seventies and which are still in force today, provide France with an unique position in Africa. No former metropole has a comparable influence in Africa. Besides, the French-African Conference, which is organised anually since 1973, gives France an excellent forum to influence and control the policy of African states. At this Conference almost every former French colonie in Africa is present, some Belgian, British, Spanish and Portuguese territories participate as well. Moreover, the cooperation agreements explicitly allow France to maintain large troups in Africa and to give support by military intervention whenever it is necessary. France's strict control over one of the most important attributes of state sovereignity, namely defense, increases largely the already acuted dependency on Paris. Yet, the economic position of most of the former French colonies and territories in Africa is the best illustration of their present dependence. Still today more than 40% of their trade is realised with the former metropole (export: raw materials; import: finished goods). Moreover, most of them are members of the so-called “zone franc”, a monetary zone which is completely controlled by the French authorities. The good relationship between France and Africa remained as a result of which extensive bilateral cooperation agreements could be signed within the framework of the French-African Community. This continuity has always been one of the main characteristics of the French policy in Africa.
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Nielsen, Aileen. "The Algerian wife or “l’amour n’a pas d’age”." MIGRATION LETTERS 6, no. 2 (October 28, 2009): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v6i2.77.
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Young male immigrants from North Africa come to France as much to defy a sense of globally structured exclusion as to escape the effects of other geopolitical stresses. While most anthropological work on Islam and North African youth in France documents a return to conservative Islam, this letter discusses another response to this same experience by illegal North African immigrants living in France. The response described here is one of humour, romance, and a continued desire to join the West rather than a rejection or challenge to French society. This letter provides ethnographic data on the phenomenon described above and so gives a view from the street of how romance may be one of the most important preoccupations of the clandestine male.
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Massis, Henri. "Spengler – the Harbinger of National Socialism." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 65 (March 1, 2020): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2020-0-4-246-252.
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Henri Massis devoted special attention in his publicism to the issues of Germany and Russia as enemies of France and “the West” and he analyzed Oswald Spengler’s book “The Decline of Europe” as the philosophy that served, according to the author, as the basis for further coming into power of national socialists in Germany. While considering all the simplifications of the concept of O.Spengler (who was a recognized adversary of national socialism), the article gives the idea of how it was received by the conservative circles in France of the day.
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Pons-Branchu, Edwige, Bruno Hamelin, Benoit Losson, Stephane Jaillet, and Jacques Brulhet. "Speleothem evidence of warm episodes in northeast France during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 3 and implications for permafrost distribution in northern Europe." Quaternary Research 74, no. 2 (September 2010): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.06.007.
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AbstractU–Th ages have been obtained by TIMS on the growth periods of a stalagmite from the “Grotte des Puits de Pierre-la-Treiche” (northeastern France), during the middle part of the “Weichselian glaciation” (Marine Isotope Stage 3), between 55.36 ± 0.95 and 53.34 ± 0.49 ka and around 45.85 ± 0.49 ka. These episodes are contemporaneous with abrupt climatic variations recorded in Greenland ice cores (Greenland interstadials 12, 14 and 15) that have been previously recognized in European speleothems. They also coincide with two interstadials, known as “Goulotte” and “Pile” in the Grande Pile pollen sequence (eastern France), which have been correlated with the Moershoofd complex in the Netherlands. Such evidence of speleothem deposition related to temperate episodes gives a strong indication of the absence of continuous shallow permafrost during the middle part of MIS 3 in northeastern France.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Givors, France"
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Larsen, Lillian. "The letter kills but the spirit gives life an analysis of the contexts from which rescuing/resistance behavior emerged during the Jewish Holocaust /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
Full textBooks on the topic "Givors, France"
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Fairfax, Daniel. The Red Years of Cahiers du cinéma (1968-1973). NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789048543908.
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The uprising which shook France in May 1968 also had a revolutionary effect on the country's most prominent film journal. Under editors Jean-Louis Comolli and Jean Narboni, Cahiers du cinéma embarked on a militant turn that would govern the journal's work over the next five years. With a Marxist orientation inspired by the thinking of Louis Althusser, Jacques Lacan and Roland Barthes, the "red years" of Cahiers du cinéma produced a theoretical outpouring that was formative for the establishment of film studies as an academic discipline in the 1970s, and is still of vital relevance for the contemporary audiovisual landscape. It was also the seminal experience for a generation of critics who have dedicated the following half-century to the task of critically responding to the cinema. The Red Years of Cahiers du Cinéma (1968-1973) gives a historical overview of this period in the journal's history, combining biographical accounts of the critics who were involved with Cahiers in the post-1968 and theoretical explorations of the text they wrote.
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École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Saint-Étienne., ed. France, Givors, Allemagne, Forbach-Saarbrücken. Saint-Etienne: Publications de l'Université de Saint-Etienne, 2008.
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Toth, Stephen A. Mettray. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501740183.001.0001.
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The Mettray Penal Colony was a private reformatory without walls, established in France in 1840 for the rehabilitation of young male delinquents. Foucault linked its opening to the most significant change in the modern status of prisons and now this book takes us behind the gates to show how the institution legitimized France's repression of criminal youth and added a unique layer to the nation's carceral system. The book dissects Mettray's social anatomy, exploring inmates' experiences. More than 17,000 young men passed through the reformatory before its closure, and the book situates their struggles within changing conceptions of childhood and adolescence in modern France. It demonstrates that the colony was an ill-conceived project marked by internal contradictions. Its social order was one of subjection and subversion, as officials struggled for order and inmates struggled for autonomy. The book exposes the nature of the relationships between, and among, prisoners and administrators. It explores the daily grind of existence: living conditions, discipline, labor, sex, and violence. Thus, the book gives voice to the incarcerated, not simply to the incarcerators, whose ideas and agendas tend to dominate the historical record. The book is, above all else, a deeply personal illumination of life inside France's most venerated carceral institution.
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Fogarty, Richard S., and Michael A. Osborne. Eugenics in France and the Colonies. Edited by Alison Bashford and Philippa Levine. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195373141.013.0020.
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The pre-history of French eugenics resides in early modern and Enlightenment ideas on human perfectibility, theories of generation and inheritance, and considerations of demography and national strength. This article gives a brief discussion on the study of population and the surveys which enumerate attributes of colonial populations, including age, place of birth, numbers of slaves, health information, and much more. It addresses human heredity and breeding, and its use in scientific and political lexicons. It states that the origins of the modern French eugenics movement lie in multifaceted movements for regeneration through various social hygiene and pronatalist organizations. The French Eugenics Society's enthusiastic activity and coherence gives way to organizational atrophy and marginalization.
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Lacey, Joseph. Belgium Versus the Lingua Franca Thesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796886.003.0008.
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This chapter argues that despite its ability to sustain itself as a political system for almost 200 years, Belgium gives substantial empirical support to the lingua franca thesis. The existence of different public spheres within this political system has played a major role in preventing the satisfactory enactment of democratic representation at the national level, inducing centrifugal forces that have gradually led to the partial disintegration of the state. The federalization of Belgium along linguistic lines in 1993 can, in essence, be seen as the crescendo of a long process whereby the supposedly natural logic of the lingua franca thesis has gradually set in. If we take Belgium as our only case, the prospects for a well-functioning and sustainable multilingual democracy are not especially encouraging.
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Saveau, Patrick, and Veronique Machelidon, eds. Reimagining North African immigration. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719099489.001.0001.
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This volume takes the pulse of French post-coloniality by studying representations of trans-Mediterranean immigration to France in recent literature, television and film. The writers and filmmakers examined have found new ways to conceptualize the French heritage of immigration from North Africa and to portray the state of multiculturalism within – and in spite of – a continuing Republican framework. Their work deflates stereotypes, promotes respect for cultural and ethnic minorities, and gives a new dignity to subjects supposedly located on the margins of the Republic. Establishing a productive dialogue with Marianne Hirsch’s ground-breaking concept of postmemory, this volume provides a much-needed vocabulary for rethinking the intergenerational legacy of trans-Mediterranean immigrants.
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Fontana, Biancamaria. The Republic in Theory and Practice (1797–99). Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691169040.003.0008.
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This chapter explores how Staël combined a series of observations on the immediate situation of France with more theoretical considerations, in this case a reformulation of the theory of representative government. This tendency to combine a theoretical perspective with pressing practical considerations is typical of Staël's writings about politics: it is precisely the fluctuation between these two registers that gives her prose its distinctively breathless, uneven pace, alternating passages of terse analysis with urgent perorations. For Staël, the most difficult problem created by the Revolution was how to bridge the gap between a set of abstract notions and their application, between the demand for individual rights and popular sovereignty, and the means by which this demand might be converted into viable political institutions.
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Kottman, Paul A. What Is Shakespearean Tragedy? Edited by Michael Neill and David Schalkwyk. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198724193.013.1.
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Shakespearean tragedy works through the loss of any ‘given’—nature, or God, or ‘fate—that might explain human societies, histories, actions, destinies, relationships, and values. Shakespeare challenges us to understand tragedies not as responding to existential facts (desire, or mortality) or historical situations (Henry V’s invasion of France, or the fate of the Roman republic), but as responding to the fact that there are no givens that fully govern our activities. At the same time, Shakespearean tragedy works through the loss of social bonds on which we depend for the meaning and worth of our lives together—showing those bonds to be, in spite of that dependence, fully dissolvable. In this way, Shakespearean tragedy helps us make sense of how we interact with one another—without the help of any Archimedean standpoint, with only the interactions themselves as sources of intelligibility and meaning. In Shakespearean tragedy, our actions (must) explain themselves.
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Meyer, Michel. The rhetoric of the arts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199691821.003.0008.
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Chapter 8 extends the problematological approach to the arts and their rhetoric, identifying the complementary structure of all the arts, literary or plastic. Literature is then included in a broader scheme. Novels, poetry, drama, but also architecture, sculpture, and painting are structurally related according to the emphasis they put on ethos, pathos, or logos. The duality of figurative language and realistic language is essential to the understanding of the history of arts and to their internal evolution. This duality gives rise to new arts when the figurative modes of speech have been exhausted—theater in France, baroque painting in Italy—or opera as the counterpart of the two, as it arose in response to the figurative language of music in Germany, where opera was first banned for being too representational according to the Protestant ethic of the eighteenth century.
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Bromley, Mark. Arms Transfers and Export-Control Policies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790501.003.0042.
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This chapter examines the attempt to coordinate and harmonize the dual-use and arms export control policies of EU member states, focusing in particular on the use of EU arms embargoes and the implementation of the EU Dual-Use Regulation and the EU Common Position on Arms Export. The chapter examines the original motivations that drove and sustained this effort and gives an assessment of its impact on member states’ national policies. In doing so, the chapter pays particular attention to the dual-use and arms export control policies of Europe’s major powers (France, Germany, the United Kingdom), highlighting areas where states’ policies have been affected by EU processes of coordination and convergence, and where they remain driven by primarily national considerations. The chapter also assesses and compares the impact of these processes among a selection of smaller EU member states.
Book chapters on the topic "Givors, France"
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Rothenburger, Catherine. "When Territorial Commitment Gives Meaning to Professional Activity: Cases of Teachers in Rural Schools in France, Chile and Uruguay." In Evolutions of the Complex Relationship Between Education and Territories, 135–45. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119451471.ch7.
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McCoy, Roger M. "Jacques Cartier Gives France a Prize, 1534, 1535, 1541." In On the Edge, 34–48. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199744046.003.0004.
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Elster, Jon. "Deliberating Bodies." In France before 1789, 188–213. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691149813.003.0005.
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This chapter talks about the genuinely representative bodies in the old regime. It describes the Estates-General, the provincial Estates in the pays d'états, the quinquennial assemblies of the clergy, the occasional assemblies of notables, and the provincial assemblies that were created in the last decade before the French Revolution. It assesses how the representative bodies in earlier times were far from the satisfying democratic criteria of suffrage, eligibility, and apportionment. The chapter gives attention to the Estates-General, which served a valuable function in preparing legislative reforms during the three centuries of their effective existence. It also points out the most important concession the Estates-General demanded of the king in exchange for consent to taxation was the achievement of constitutional status.
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Patterson, Jonathan. "Criminalizing Villainy." In Villainy in France (1463-1610), 25–41. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840015.003.0002.
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In juridical theory, a villainy implied a malicious offence in word or deed that took on a legal dimension if it was particularly grievous, and thus warranted judicial redress. Chapter 1 gives an overview of the juridical concepts and categories of crime that were associated with ‘villainous’ or ‘foul’ allegations known as vilains cas. From the late fifteenth century, the notion of vilain cas expanded to include the very worst crimes (those dubbed vilains et énormes). Chapter 1 ends with two case studies of vilains cas, showing how in practice, punishing a villainy and even identifying a villain in law was far from straightforward.
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Patterson, Jonathan. "Taking on the Law." In Villainy in France (1463-1610), 146–56. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840015.003.0010.
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In Rabelais’s later books villainy undergoes significant changes. By the time we get to the Quart Livre, Panurge no longer targets women with his violent tricks. The first half of this chapter gives a legal-literary reading of the Chiquanous episode (Quart Livre chs. 12–16), replete with litigation and ‘tragic farce’: here, Panurge’s violent, imaginative villainy is given full rein. The second half of the chapter concentrates on the courtroom drama of Panurge versus the Chats-fourrez (Cinquiesme Livre chs. 11–15). This has echoes of the courtroom scenes of La Farce de Pathelin, but it is no rehash of the latter. The case ends with Panurge resorting not to villainous tricks but to the protocol of venality (espices, legal emoluments offered to magistrates) in order to be acquitted of the charge of illicit vagabondage.
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Rennie, Kriston R. "Introduction." In Freedom and protection, 4–26. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526127723.003.0002.
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The history of monastic exemption in France gives witness to a rich and lively institutional story of freedom and protection. This opening chapter frames the subject, its historiographical traditions, and methodological challenges, advancing the argument for a Roman tradition whose origins and development date firmly to the early Middle Ages.
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Koc-Michalska, Karolina, and Darren G. Lilleker. "Evolving In Step or Poles Apart?" In Public Affairs and Administration, 1307–30. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8358-7.ch064.
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Comparative studies are rare in the study of online communication campaigning. The authors chose two cases, Poland and France, to describe the two campaigns for the Parliamentary elections. Content analysis allowed the authors to detect online communication strategies and parties' attempt to reach different audiences. Web-cartography illustrates the parties' network connections. The authors find strong cross-country and resource-based differences for the more interactive and engaging features (Web 2.0), which are not that powerful for explaining audience-targeting strategies. Overall a sales strategy and a focus on marketing dominated over e-representation (exhibiting the parties' political record). In both countries social media platforms are well incorporated into online strategies. Facebook dominates in Poland, Twitter in France. Web cartography gives a counterintuitive picture of the Polish parties' network being much more personalized but also of more ghettoing within the supporting environment.
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Smyth, Jonathan. "The celebrations outside Paris." In Robespierre and the Festival of the Supreme Being. Manchester University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526103789.003.0005.
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In this chapter the author uses detailed local and regional archival, press and other records to show how the festival was celebrated throughout France. To demonstrate the wide-ranging nature of the celebrations, records from major cities, in particular Lyon, Bordeaux, Strasbourg, and Angers are used, as are those from large towns such as Amiens, Orleans, Grenoble and Bailleul as well as villages and hamlets in the Ile de France, the Dordogne and the alpine region. These records are analysed to demonstrate the national focus on the festival and how, despite the different ways in which the various communities celebrated it, the general tenor not only closely followed Robespierre’s original design but became genuinely specifically positive and individual local celebrations gives a clear impression of the national acceptance of the idea of a new and republican morality.
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"Appendix E "Wright, American Architect, Gives His Impressions of Moscow and of Soviet People"." In Frank Lloyd Wright versus America. The MIT Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/3039.003.0048.
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Teele, Dawn Langan. "The “Clerical Peril” and Radical Opposition to Female Voters in France." In Forging the Franchise, 133–76. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691180267.003.0005.
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This chapter presents a case study of women's enfranchisement in France. It considers evidence for the role religious cleavage played in hampering French suffrage politics. It argues that Catholicism influenced both the incentives of leaders in the Radical Party and the motivations of women who were suffragists. The first section delves into the rules governing electoral politics and the groups that were empowered throughout the period. The second section gives a brief introduction to the campaign for women's suffrage in France after 1870. The third section analyzes the failure of suffrage reform in the French legislature. In 1919, when a bill for women's suffrage was debated in the Chamber of Deputies, an amalgamation of Socialists, conservative republicans, some Radicals, and parties of the right brought it to a majority vote. But many among the Radicals, and nearly every member of Georges Clemenceau's cabinet, voted against the measure.
Conference papers on the topic "Givors, France"
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MORENO, MARIA PURA MORENO, and CATHERINE BLAIN. "Les Étoiles de Givors de Jean Renaudie (1974-81): la utopía social en hormigón." In 9º Congreso Internacional de Arquitectura Blanca - CIAB 9. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ciab9.2020.10606.
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La arquitectura de Jean Renaudie (1925-1981) responde al contexto político-social de la Francia de la segunda mitad del s.XX. Su desarrollo, primero en el Atelier Montrouge y después en solitario, se enmarca en la crítica que la generación de jóvenes arquitectos y urbanistas realizaba de los postulados de la Carta de Atenas. La evaluación, desde el punto de vista social, de los resultados de aquellos principios funcionalistas, sugirieron a los nuevos profesionales la modificación de las configuraciones arquitectónicas y urbanas. Conceptos como identidad, asociación, movilidad y crecimiento, expuestos por los miembros del Team X en el X Congreso del CIAM en Dubrovnik (1956), se experimentaban gracias a la expansión constructiva hacia las periferias de la ciudad. En esta comunicación analizaremos la influencia que la construcción en hormigón armado tuvo en la arquitectura de los complejos de vivienda social de Jean Renaudie, atendiendo principalmente al proyecto Les Étoiles de Givors (1974-1981). Un conjunto urbano que recogió tanto experiencias constructoras anteriores -Ivry-sur-Seine- como propuestas teóricas de ciudades vacacionales o de nueva planta -Gigaro o Vaudreuil-. El objetivo será demostrar que la combinación del empleo del hormigón in-situ en un orden estructural sujeto a reglas geométricas, junto al diseño exclusivo de piezas prefabricadas de hormigón para las fachadas no portantes, fueron en sinergia capaces de aportar una anhelada diversidad que avalaba su discurso referido a la lógica de la complejidad.
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Grenouillet, Jean-Jacques. "Switching From Deferred Dismantling to Immediate Dismantling: The Example of Chooz A, A French PWR." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7106.
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Located in the north of France, close to Belgian border, Chooz A is the first PWR that was built in France from 1962 to 1967. When it was shutdown in 1991, a deferred dismantling strategy was selected. Further to an evolution of EDF decommissioning strategy in 2001, the decommisioning of the plant was accelerated by reducing the safe enclosure period to only a few years. Thus Chooz A will be the first PWR to be fully dismantled in France and it gives a good insight of what is needed to reactivate a plant for final dismantling after a safe enclosure period.
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Daoust, Ph, P. Detroux, and J. Weverbergh. "European Nuclear Pressure Components: What Kind of Rules Do We Need?" In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75458.
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In Europe, Nuclear Pressure Components are subject to different sets of rules in different countries. In the 1970s, small and medium-sized countries generally adopted a complete American set of rules transposed into national legislation. Larger nations that already had more detailed legislation preferred to introduce a full set of their own national regulations. In the early 2000s, the Pressure Equipment Directive was introduced (PED) in each EU country. Its main aims were to standardize the approaches, to strengthen the evaluation of safety risks and to open up the market. This paper summarizes the regulatory developments. In connection with potential nuclear investments by the GDF SUEZ group in France, different studies and comparisons have been carried out within TE. The paper gives the principal conclusions and recommendations from the ongoing evaluation of the rules.
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Karaman, Ebru. "Principle of Laicity in Turkish and French Constitutions." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02275.
Full textAbstract:
To be assumed as a truly democratic state of law; the state should not make law according to a religion and not have a religion-based structure. Turkey and France are two countries different from others being in the discussions on secularism examining the relationship between religion and state. Because the laicity is one of the foundations of the regime and takes part in the legal system as a constitutional principle.
In the first chapter the provisions on laicity in the Turkish Constitutions before the date 1982 and in the Turkish Constitution dated 1982 are going to be explained then the discussions in Turkey are going to be evaluated according to the Turkish Constitutional Court's approach to the principle of laicity. In the second part the provisions on the principle of laicity in the French Constitution dated 1958 are going to be explained, afterwards the discussions on laicity in France is going to take place.
State and religion relations continue to be relevant a subject. That is why it still gives form to Turkish political life. The freedom of religion and the separation of religious and state relations are the requirements of the laic state. For a state these includes not to have an official religion, be impartial to all the religion and to treat equal to all the believers to different religions, to distinguish the religious institutions and state institutions and not to have an accordance between the rules of and the rules of religion.
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Marinković, Milica. "RAZVITAK FRANCUSKE ADVOKATURE U XIX VEKU." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.1067m.
Full textAbstract:
The paper is dedicated to the development of advocacy in France throughout history, and special attention is paid to the struggle of lawyers to repair the damage caused to their position by the Bourgeois Revolution. The goals of the legal struggle were fully achieved in the period of the Third Republic, rightly called the "Republic of Lawyers", when they took over the legislative and executive power. French lawyers, especially in the 19th century, were often real political dissidents. With their work as a politival opposition, they redefined the relationship between the state and society and set a clear border of state power, all of which enabled the easier emergence of a liberal constitutional monarchy, and then a republic. Due to the constant opposition activities in the courtroom, the lawyers demonstrated in the best possible way how closely law and politics stand in each state. In the introductory chapter of the paper, the author gives an overview of the historical development of advocacy from the Frankish period to the Revolution itself. During the Old Regime, lawyers enjoyed the status of "secular clergy" and, although members of the Third Class, were an unavoidable political factor in absolutist France. The second chapter contains an analysis of the devastating impact of the Revolution on the legal profession and timid attempts to improve the position of the legal profession with the advent of the Restoration. The third chapter provides an overview of the period from 1830 to 1870, which was characterized by the increasingly serious interference of lawyers in politics in order to fight for the advancement of the profession. The chapter on the Third Republic talks about the successful outcome of the lawyer's fight for their own rights, and the final chapter talks about the tendencies in the French legal profession in the 20th century.
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Kim, Sang-Do, Cheong-Hee Lee, Suk-June Yoon, Hae-Kwan Jeong, Sung-Chul Kang, Mun-Sang Kim, and Yoon Keun Kwak. "Variable Configuration Tracked Mobile Robot for Demining Operations." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57196.
Full textAbstract:
This paper introduces a link-type tracked mobile robot developed for demining operations. The robot consists of three parts: a front frame, a rear frame, and a body. The front frame is connected to the rear frame by a rotational passive adaptation mechanism, which is a driving mechanism of the robot. This passive adaptation mechanism enables the proposed robot good adaptability to uneven terrain including stairs. The link structure gives rise to a small, simple, and energy efficient vehicle. In addition, the new demining system adaptable to the proposed tracked mobile robot is discussed on how to clear small anti-personnel mines with a non-explosive method. Both the motion of the demining rake and the design parameters of the demining unit are analyzed. Finally, a presentation follows on how the new demining system can unearth small anti-personnel mines with a non-explosive method.
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Varpasuo, Pentti, and Jukka Ka¨hko¨nen. "Blind Prediction of SMART 2008 Seismic Structural Response Test Results." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48397.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes the numerical simulation contribution of Fortum Nuclear Services Ltd. to the round-robin blind prediction of SMART 2008 seismic structural response tests to be conducted by Commissariat Energie Atomique in France in spring 2008. In order to assess the seismic tri-dimensional effects (such as torsion) and non-linear response of reinforced concrete buildings, a reduced scaled model (scale of 1/4th) of a nuclear reinforced concrete building is going to be tested in 2008 on AZALEE shaking table at Commissariat a` l’Energie Atomique (CEA Saclay, France). This test, supported by Commissariat a` l’Energie Atomique (CEA) and Electricite´ de France (EDF), will be part of the “SMART-2008” project (Seismic design and best-estimate Methods Assessment for Reinforced concrete buildings subjected to Torsion and non-linear effects). The first part of the project is a blind prediction of the structure behavior under different seismic loadings. It is presented as a contest, opened to teams from the practicing structural engineering as well as the academic and research community, worldwide. This phase will result in the creation of a predictive benchmark, which should allow us to compare and validate approaches used for the dynamic responses evaluation of reinforced concrete structures subjected to earthquake and exhibiting both 3-D and nonlinear behaviors. The objectives of the predictive benchmark are to: 1) Assess different conventional design methods of structural dynamic analyses, including floor response spectra evaluation; 2) Compare best-estimate methods for structural dynamic response and floor response spectra evaluation. In the next analytical phase to be carried out during the year 2009, the prediction contest will be compared to test results at various levels of seismic excitation (including ‘under-design’ and high ‘over-design’ levels), in order to: 1) Quantify variability in the seismic response of the structure and identify contribution coming from uncertainties in input parameters and random variables; 2) Investigate and compare different methods for fragility curves elaboration. The numerical simulation gives the best estimate values for acceleration response spectra values in five specified response points of the model in two perpendicular horizontal directions for base excitation values from 0.05g up to 0.8 g. Also the maximum and minimum values of the stresses and strains in the concrete and in the reinforcement of four vertical walls of the model are to be simulated as well as the acceleration and displacement response time histories at the top of the model for base excitation values from 0.05g up to 0.8 g.
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Bourgeois, Myriam, Olivier Ancelet, Stéphane Marie, and Stephane Chapuliot. "Mechanical Characterization for a Large Test Design of a Dissimilar Metals Welding With a Narrow Gap Nickel Alloy Weld: Experimental and Numerical Analysis on Specimens." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78139.
Full textAbstract:
Dissimilar metal welds are a common feature of light water reactors in connections between ferritic components and austenitic stainless steel piping systems. Inspection difficulties, variability of material properties and residual stresses all combine to create problems for structural integrity assessment. Within the framework of European project STYLE, a fracture test on a pipe containing a through wall crack in a narrow gap Nickel alloy Dissimilar Metals (DMWinc) is under preparation. The work is focusing on the nickel alloy - ferrite steel interface which is the weakest area of such welded pipes in front of ductile tearing. The study temperature is 300°C, which covers typical temperatures in components like hot pipes in the primary coolant system of pressurized water reactors. This paper gives an overview of the program and the first results of works which is been carried out by the French Atomic Energy Commission and Alternative Energies (CEA) in order to study the mechanical properties and integrity of component of the DMWinc pipes provided and designed by AREVA France.
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Dautreme, Emilie, Romain Beaufils, Thomas Pernot, Emmanuel Remy, Eric Meister, Jean-Philippe Fontes, Thibault Demol, Thierry Yalamas, Gilles Defaux, and Jean-Pierre Izard. "Benchmark Campaign on the Uncertainty Treatment Analysis Tools Developed for French Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessels Integrity Assessment." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78289.
Full textAbstract:
In France, nuclear reactor pressure vessels (RPV) integrity assessment follows a deterministic methodology and is performed according to the 1999 French regulation requirements with the use of safety coefficients. In the deterministic methodology, the input data are penalized in order to address the uncertainties. EDF and AREVA developed some couplings between integrity assessment models and uncertainty treatment software in order to address explicitly the uncertainties on the input data. In such analysis, the accumulation of conservatisms is replaced by a rational combination of parameters taking into account their uncertainty and variability. This paper presents a benchmark campaign conducted jointly by EDF and AREVA to validate the couplings between the codes and to strengthen the confidence in the calculations. The benchmark campaign was performed with several physical thermo-mechanical codes and uncertainty treatments software tools to evaluate the sensitivity of the analyses results as a function of code effects. The benchmark results are in good accordance between the several codes used. This conclusion gives confidence in the code couplings used for performing the uncertainty treatment analyses.
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Oosthuizen, Patrick H., and David Naylor. "Effect of a Pair of Horizontal Frame Members on the Convective Heat Transfer With Laminar and Turbulent Flow From a Recessed Window to a Room." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44298.
Full textAbstract:
The horizontal frame members that often protrude from the inner surface of a window can significantly effect the convective heat transfer rate from this inner surface to the room. The purpose of the present numerical study was to determine how the size of a pair of horizontal frame members effect this heat transfer rate. The flow has been assumed to be steady and conditions under which laminar, transitional, and turbulent flows occur are considered. Fluid properties have been assumed constant except for the density change with temperature that gives rise to the buoyancy forces, this being dealt with using the Boussinesq approach. The governing equations have been solved using the FLUENT commercial CFD code. The k-epsilon turbulence model with standard wall functions and with buoyancy force effects fully accounted for has been used. The solution has the following parameters: the Rayleigh number, the Prandtl number, the dimensionless window recess depth, and the dimensionless width and depth of the frame members. Results have been obtained for a Prandtl number of 0.74.