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1
Fairfax, Daniel. The Red Years of Cahiers du cinéma (1968-1973). NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789048543908.
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The uprising which shook France in May 1968 also had a revolutionary effect on the country's most prominent film journal. Under editors Jean-Louis Comolli and Jean Narboni, Cahiers du cinéma embarked on a militant turn that would govern the journal's work over the next five years. With a Marxist orientation inspired by the thinking of Louis Althusser, Jacques Lacan and Roland Barthes, the "red years" of Cahiers du cinéma produced a theoretical outpouring that was formative for the establishment of film studies as an academic discipline in the 1970s, and is still of vital relevance for the contemporary audiovisual landscape. It was also the seminal experience for a generation of critics who have dedicated the following half-century to the task of critically responding to the cinema. The Red Years of Cahiers du Cinéma (1968-1973) gives a historical overview of this period in the journal's history, combining biographical accounts of the critics who were involved with Cahiers in the post-1968 and theoretical explorations of the text they wrote.
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École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Saint-Étienne., ed. France, Givors, Allemagne, Forbach-Saarbrücken. Saint-Etienne: Publications de l'Université de Saint-Etienne, 2008.
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Toth, Stephen A. Mettray. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501740183.001.0001.
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The Mettray Penal Colony was a private reformatory without walls, established in France in 1840 for the rehabilitation of young male delinquents. Foucault linked its opening to the most significant change in the modern status of prisons and now this book takes us behind the gates to show how the institution legitimized France's repression of criminal youth and added a unique layer to the nation's carceral system. The book dissects Mettray's social anatomy, exploring inmates' experiences. More than 17,000 young men passed through the reformatory before its closure, and the book situates their struggles within changing conceptions of childhood and adolescence in modern France. It demonstrates that the colony was an ill-conceived project marked by internal contradictions. Its social order was one of subjection and subversion, as officials struggled for order and inmates struggled for autonomy. The book exposes the nature of the relationships between, and among, prisoners and administrators. It explores the daily grind of existence: living conditions, discipline, labor, sex, and violence. Thus, the book gives voice to the incarcerated, not simply to the incarcerators, whose ideas and agendas tend to dominate the historical record. The book is, above all else, a deeply personal illumination of life inside France's most venerated carceral institution.
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Fogarty, Richard S., and Michael A. Osborne. Eugenics in France and the Colonies. Edited by Alison Bashford and Philippa Levine. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195373141.013.0020.
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The pre-history of French eugenics resides in early modern and Enlightenment ideas on human perfectibility, theories of generation and inheritance, and considerations of demography and national strength. This article gives a brief discussion on the study of population and the surveys which enumerate attributes of colonial populations, including age, place of birth, numbers of slaves, health information, and much more. It addresses human heredity and breeding, and its use in scientific and political lexicons. It states that the origins of the modern French eugenics movement lie in multifaceted movements for regeneration through various social hygiene and pronatalist organizations. The French Eugenics Society's enthusiastic activity and coherence gives way to organizational atrophy and marginalization.
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Lacey, Joseph. Belgium Versus the Lingua Franca Thesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796886.003.0008.
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This chapter argues that despite its ability to sustain itself as a political system for almost 200 years, Belgium gives substantial empirical support to the lingua franca thesis. The existence of different public spheres within this political system has played a major role in preventing the satisfactory enactment of democratic representation at the national level, inducing centrifugal forces that have gradually led to the partial disintegration of the state. The federalization of Belgium along linguistic lines in 1993 can, in essence, be seen as the crescendo of a long process whereby the supposedly natural logic of the lingua franca thesis has gradually set in. If we take Belgium as our only case, the prospects for a well-functioning and sustainable multilingual democracy are not especially encouraging.
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Saveau, Patrick, and Veronique Machelidon, eds. Reimagining North African immigration. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719099489.001.0001.
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This volume takes the pulse of French post-coloniality by studying representations of trans-Mediterranean immigration to France in recent literature, television and film. The writers and filmmakers examined have found new ways to conceptualize the French heritage of immigration from North Africa and to portray the state of multiculturalism within – and in spite of – a continuing Republican framework. Their work deflates stereotypes, promotes respect for cultural and ethnic minorities, and gives a new dignity to subjects supposedly located on the margins of the Republic. Establishing a productive dialogue with Marianne Hirsch’s ground-breaking concept of postmemory, this volume provides a much-needed vocabulary for rethinking the intergenerational legacy of trans-Mediterranean immigrants.
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Fontana, Biancamaria. The Republic in Theory and Practice (1797–99). Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691169040.003.0008.
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This chapter explores how Staël combined a series of observations on the immediate situation of France with more theoretical considerations, in this case a reformulation of the theory of representative government. This tendency to combine a theoretical perspective with pressing practical considerations is typical of Staël's writings about politics: it is precisely the fluctuation between these two registers that gives her prose its distinctively breathless, uneven pace, alternating passages of terse analysis with urgent perorations. For Staël, the most difficult problem created by the Revolution was how to bridge the gap between a set of abstract notions and their application, between the demand for individual rights and popular sovereignty, and the means by which this demand might be converted into viable political institutions.
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Kottman, Paul A. What Is Shakespearean Tragedy? Edited by Michael Neill and David Schalkwyk. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198724193.013.1.
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Shakespearean tragedy works through the loss of any ‘given’—nature, or God, or ‘fate—that might explain human societies, histories, actions, destinies, relationships, and values. Shakespeare challenges us to understand tragedies not as responding to existential facts (desire, or mortality) or historical situations (Henry V’s invasion of France, or the fate of the Roman republic), but as responding to the fact that there are no givens that fully govern our activities. At the same time, Shakespearean tragedy works through the loss of social bonds on which we depend for the meaning and worth of our lives together—showing those bonds to be, in spite of that dependence, fully dissolvable. In this way, Shakespearean tragedy helps us make sense of how we interact with one another—without the help of any Archimedean standpoint, with only the interactions themselves as sources of intelligibility and meaning. In Shakespearean tragedy, our actions (must) explain themselves.
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Meyer, Michel. The rhetoric of the arts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199691821.003.0008.
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Chapter 8 extends the problematological approach to the arts and their rhetoric, identifying the complementary structure of all the arts, literary or plastic. Literature is then included in a broader scheme. Novels, poetry, drama, but also architecture, sculpture, and painting are structurally related according to the emphasis they put on ethos, pathos, or logos. The duality of figurative language and realistic language is essential to the understanding of the history of arts and to their internal evolution. This duality gives rise to new arts when the figurative modes of speech have been exhausted—theater in France, baroque painting in Italy—or opera as the counterpart of the two, as it arose in response to the figurative language of music in Germany, where opera was first banned for being too representational according to the Protestant ethic of the eighteenth century.
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Bromley, Mark. Arms Transfers and Export-Control Policies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790501.003.0042.
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This chapter examines the attempt to coordinate and harmonize the dual-use and arms export control policies of EU member states, focusing in particular on the use of EU arms embargoes and the implementation of the EU Dual-Use Regulation and the EU Common Position on Arms Export. The chapter examines the original motivations that drove and sustained this effort and gives an assessment of its impact on member states’ national policies. In doing so, the chapter pays particular attention to the dual-use and arms export control policies of Europe’s major powers (France, Germany, the United Kingdom), highlighting areas where states’ policies have been affected by EU processes of coordination and convergence, and where they remain driven by primarily national considerations. The chapter also assesses and compares the impact of these processes among a selection of smaller EU member states.
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Binder, Deanna, Roland Naul, and Ludmila Fialova, eds. Olympic Education – history, theory, practice. Meyer & Meyer Sportverlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783840314094.
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This anthology is dedicated as a commemorative book for Antonin Rychtecky on behalf of his 75th birthday in 2020. It compiles the proceedings of the 4th Willbald Gebhardt Olympic Symposium held at Charles University of Prague (Czech Republic). In five sections, ten papers of the symposium are published. Section One deals with the history of Olympic education development in Europe and North America (Binder and Naul). Section Two documents the support of the IOC Olympic Study Centre and Lausanne Olympic Museum for Olympic education (Puig, Chevalley). The Third section reflects the development of Olympic education in the Czech Republic (Skoda, Rychtecky). Section Four gives two examples of how Olympic education developed and became supported in accordance with preparation of Olympic Games in Japan (Tokyo, Obayashi) and France (Paris, Monnin). Finally, section Five includes two national studies regarding how Olympic ideals helped to change culture and society in Africa and South America (Zimbabwe and Colombia) written by Clemencia Anaya Maya and Mayamba Sitali.
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Becker, Ulrich, and Olga Chesalina, eds. Social Law 4.0. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748912002.
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Digitalisation and the changing world of work are calling into question the standard employment model as a basis for social security systems. Whilst a growing number of publications deal with the consequences for industrial relations and labour law, social law is still being left out of most research projects on digital work. This book aims at widening the perspective. It concentrates on the two most important questions in the context of social protection in a digitalised world, namely access to social protection systems and their future financing, putting emphasis on platform work. It gives an overview of different national approaches to these questions, it analyses the respective solutions in a comparative manner, and it puts them into a transnational context. By bringing together case studies from Belgium, Italy, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Spain, France and Estonia and addressing the specific reform challenges for EU standard setting, EU coordination and the relation to tax law, the book provides new insights on what a “Social Law 4.0” should look like.
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Coyne, Lisa W., and Darin Cairns. A Relational Frame Theory Analysis of Coercive Family Process. Edited by Thomas J. Dishion and James Snyder. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199324552.013.8.
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This chapter provides a brief overview of direct conditioning models of coercive family process, and augments those accounts by application of relational frame theory and rule-governed behavior. Relational frame theory is a behavior analytic approach to symbolic processes—language and cognition—that extends Skinner’s analysis of verbal behavior. It provides an empirical account of indirect conditioning, and as such, gives us a way to conceptualize coercive family process—and interventions—in a more fine-grained and comprehensive way that allows us to influence this process with greater precision, scope, and depth. In this chapter, we offer a detailed description of indirect conditioning processes that may be involved in the development and maintenance of family processes, as well as some future directions for a systemic intervention to reduce coercion.
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Toye, John. Development doctrines doubted, 1951–77. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198723349.003.0009.
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When economic development became a modern policy objective in the 1950s doubters entered into the controversy with the ‘experts’. This chapter gives an account of three such controversies. In the first the protagonist was Arthur Lewis. His antagonist was S. H. Frankel, basing his argument on South African experience. In the second encounter C. P. Snow was attacked by F. R. Leavis for his cultural superficiality and materialism. The third debate between Fritz Schumacher and Nicholas Kaldor was more fruitful, leading to the birth of the Intermediate Technology Development Group. The cumulative effect was the dethroning of the development expert.
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Jaffro, Laurent. The Passions and Actions of Laughter in Shaftesbury and Hutcheson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198766858.003.0007.
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The third Earl of Shaftesbury and Francis Hutcheson considered laughter as a passion in its own right. The hilarious response is not reducible, as Hobbes believed, to the facial expression of the sudden awareness of our own superiority. Ridicule is however an important kind of laughter; it is also an action, part of a strategy against the seriousness of fanaticism. Shaftesbury gives much importance to the politics of laughter and to the caustic power of ridicule, but also to the capacity to laugh at one’s laughter, which is crucial to what he calls good humour. Hutcheson and Shaftesbury interestingly disagree on the question of how to regulate laughter and limit its abuse.
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Hui, David. Prognostic Disclosure to Patients with Advanced Cancer (DRAFT). Edited by Nathan A. Gray and Thomas W. LeBlanc. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190658618.003.0032.
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This chapter discusses a classic study on prognostic disclosure. This prospective survey found that a large proportion of physicians were reluctant to have a frank prognostic discussion with their patients. Physicians in the study were more likely to withhold prognostic information, or to provide an overly optimistic prognosis, when the prognosis was particularly poor. It also illustrates the differences between foreseeing and foretelling and how both processes may contribute to communication of an inflated survival estimate. The chapter describes the basics of the study, briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, gives a summary and discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.
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Hector, Andy. The New Statistics with R. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798170.001.0001.
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Statistics is a fundamental component of the scientific toolbox, but learning the basics of this area of mathematics is one of the most challenging parts of a research training. This book gives an up-to-date introduction to the classical techniques and modern extensions of linear-model analysis—one of the most useful approaches in the analysis of scientific data in the life and environmental sciences. The book emphasizes an estimation-based approach that takes account of recent criticisms of overuse of probability values and introduces the alternative approach using information criteria. The book is based on the use of the open-source R programming language for statistics and graphics, which is rapidly becoming the lingua franca in many areas of science. This second edition adds new chapters, including one discussing some of the complexities of linear-model analysis and another introducing reproducible research documents using the R Markdown package. Statistics is introduced through worked analyses performed in R using interesting data sets from ecology, evolutionary biology, and environmental science. The data sets and R scripts are available as supporting material.
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de Beauvoir, Simone. Preface to The Great Fear of Loving. Translated by Marybeth Timmermann. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039003.003.0011.
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“How do other women do it?” This heart-wrenching leitmotiv is repeated all throughout the collection of testimonies given to us today by the honorable Dr. Weill-Hallé. The exhausted, harassed, frightened, and hounded women who come to ask her for help believe themselves to be the victims of some singular and obscure malediction. To them their despair seems too absolute to not be abnormal. Each one imagines that surely other women know of ways to escape the traps into which they have fallen and the insidious danger that incubates in their blood. But alas, this is far from true. Dr. Weill-Hallé recounts individual cases in a deliberately terse style; each one of these stories makes us feel the throbbing of a unique life, and yet the tremendous and painful import of her book comes from the fact that it gives us a sampling of tragedies that are repeated a thousand times each day. Each year in France, there are at least five hundred thousand abortions, but how many unwanted pregnancies are endured in anguish? How many children are born unwanted, unloved, or mistreated? How many households are devastated by excessive burdens and how many couples are torn apart for fear of another pregnancy? How many women’s careers have been shattered and loves been lost? How many women are tortured by obsessive fears or pushed ...
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Calabresi, Steven Gow. The History and Growth of Judicial Review, Volume 1. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190075774.001.0001.
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These two books examine the history and growth of judicial review in the key G-20 constitutional democracies, which include the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Japan, Italy, India, Canada, Australia, South Korea, Brazil, South Africa, Indonesia, Mexico, and the European Union. Both books look at four different theories, which help to explain the birth of judicial review, and to identify which theories apply best in the various countries discussed. The two books consider not only what gives rise to judicial review originally, but also what causes of judicial review lead it to grow and become more powerful and prominent over time. The positive account of what causes the origins and growth of judicial review in so many very different countries, over such a long period of time, has normative implications for the future of judicial review, of the G-20 nations, and of the European Union. This is first sustained positive account of the origins and growth of judicial review in the G-20 constitutional democracies, and in a few other regimes as well. Volume I discusses the G-20 Nations that are Common Law democracies, as well as Israel, and Volume II discusses the G-20 Nations that are Civil Law democracies, as well as the mixed civil law/common law power of the European Court of Justice and of the European Court of Human Rights.
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Calabresi, Steven Gow. The History and Growth of Judicial Review, Volume 2. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190075736.001.0001.
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This second volume builds on the story of Volume I as to the origins and growth of judicial review in the key G-20 constitutional democracies, which include the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Japan, Italy, India, Canada, Australia, South Korea, Brazil, South Africa, Indonesia, Mexico, and the European Union. In addition to discussing the judicial review systems of the major civil law countries in this Volume, I also discuss the birth and growth in power of the European Court of Justice and of the European Court of Human Rights, both of which hear cases ffrom common law as well as civil law countries. This Volume considers the four major theories that help to explain the origins of judicial review, which I discussed as to common law countries. Volume II identifies which theories of the origination and growth in power of judicial review apply best in the various countries discussed. Volume II considers not only what gives rise to judicial review originally, but also what leads to the growth of judicial power over time. My positive account of what causes the birth and growth of judicial review in so many very different countries over such a long period of time may have normative implications for those constitution writers who want a strong form of judicial review to come into being.
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Schedel, Margaret. Colour is the Keyboard. Edited by Roger T. Dean and Alex McLean. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190226992.013.8.
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This chapter discusses the phenomenon of ‘synaesthesia’, the phenomenon in which a visual perception gives rise to a musical sense-impression, or vice-versa. The chapter covers over one hundred years of artists, composers, and inventors developing sculptures, instruments, and systems to transcode visual data into sonic material. This time frame encompasses mechanical, analogue, digital, and hybrid systems. Most of the algorithmic procedures in these case studies are not reversible; in other words, the visuals cannot be generated from the sound. In many cases the visual aspect is not even meant to be seen as part of the experience, while in others the visual aspect is an equal partner in a synaethestic experience.
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Downes, Stephanie, Sally Holloway, and Sarah Randles. A Feeling for Things, Past and Present. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802648.003.0002.
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This chapter gives an overview of the state of cross-disciplinary research into objects and emotions. It considers major intellectual works from the fields of archaeology, anthropology, art and design history, history, literary studies, philosophy, and psychology from the perspective of the history of emotions, in order to assess which current major directions in these fields may be most useful for those seeking to write affective histories of the material world. By investigating the critical history of objects and emotions and reflecting on the state of the field today, the authors offer an interdisciplinary frame for the essays that follow, outlining various methodologies and their implications for emotions research in the humanities in general.
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Usher, Phillip John. Exterranean. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823284221.001.0001.
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Exterranean is a book about the extraction of stuff from the Earth, a process in which matter goes from being sub to exterranean. By opening up a rich archive of specifically nonmodern texts and images, this work offers a bracing riposte to several critical trends in ecological thought. Eschewing the self-congratulatory claims of posthumanism, instead engineering conceptual clashes between the materially situated homo of nonmodern humanism and the abstract and aggregated anthropos of the Anthropocene, arguing against the omnipresence of Earthrise-like globes in attempts to think at planetary scales, and shifting emphasis from emission to extraction, this book pleads for an alertness to the material and immaterial connections between the Earth from which we extract, the human and nonhuman agents of extraction, and the extracted matter with which we live daily. Divided into three sections (“Terra Global Circus,” “Welcome to Mineland,” and “Hiding in Exterranean Matter”), each of which approaches this entanglement from a different perspective, this book gives shape to a sense of the exterranean via readings of authors from France, Germany, Poland, and elsewhere as well as via discussion of mines, objects, engravings, and architecture. In dialogue with Michel Serres, the recent thought of Bruno Latour, and the interdisciplinary turn to the Environmental Humanities more generally, both historicist and speculative in approach, Exterranean lays the groundwork for a comparative ecocriticism that reaches across and untranslates theoretical affordances between periods and languages.
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Gilby, Emma. Descartes's Fictions. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831891.001.0001.
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Descartes’s Fictions traces common movements in early modern philosophy and literary method. This volume reassesses the significance of Descartes’s writing by bringing his philosophical output into contact with the literary treatises, exempla, and debates of his age. Arguing that humanist theorizing about the art of poetry represents a vital intellectual context for Descartes’s work, the volume offers readings of the controversies to which this poetic theory gives rise, with particular reference to the genre of tragicomedy, the question of verisimilitude, and the figures of Guez de Balzac and Pierre Corneille. Drawing on what Descartes says about, and to, his many contemporaries and correspondents embedded in the early modern republic of letters, this volume shows that poetics provides a repository of themes and images to which he returns repeatedly: fortune, method, error, providence, passion, and imagination, amongst others. Like the poets and theorists of the early modern period, Descartes is also drawn to the forms of attention that people may bring to his work. This interest finds expression in the mature Cartesian metaphysics of the Meditations, as well as, later, in the moral philosophy of his correspondence with Elisabeth of Bohemia or the Passions of the Soul. Some of the tropes of modern secondary criticism—a comparison of Descartes and Corneille, or the portrayal of Descartes as a ‘tragic’ figure—are also re-evaluated. This volume thus bridges the gap between Cartesian criticism and late-humanist literary culture in France.
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Attiwill, Suzie. Framing – ?interior. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474429344.003.0004.
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This chapter presents a series of exhibition and curatorial projects situated in the discipline of interior design that experimented with questions of interior and interiority, subject and object relations, spatial and temporal conditions. Deleuze’s critique of interior and interiority as isolated, pre-existing entities provokes a thinking and doing otherwise where space and subjectivity, interior and exterior are unquestioned givens. Thinking through practising with Deleuze, the technique of framing is re-posed as a technique of interiorization where interior and interiority are productions in exteriority; the frame as a fold of an outside that involves processes of selection and arrangement. Deleuze’s book Foucault and the ‘Outside-interior’ and Elizabeth Grosz’s Chaos, Territory, Art. Deleuze and the Framing of the Earth are key references. The chapter poses ‘?interior’ – with reference to Deleuze’s ?-being – as a problematic to be addressed through designing interior – each time anew.
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Wierzbicka, Anna. I Know. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865085.003.0010.
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This chapter argues that a philosophical account of human epistemology needs to be complemented by a linguistic one, informed by analytical and empirical experience of cross-linguistic semantics. The author outlines such a complementary account, based on many decades of empirical and analytical research undertaken within the NSM (Natural Semantic Metalanguage) approach. The main conclusion is that KNOW is an indefinable and universal human concept, and that there are four “canonical” frames in which this concept occurs across languages, the most basic one being the “dialogical” frame: “I know,” “I don’t know.” The author contends that both the questions and the answers concerning the “epistemology for the rest of the world” need to be anchored in some conceptual givens, derived neither from historically shaped Anglo English, nor from the European philosophical tradition, but from a more reliable, language- and culture-independent source; and the author shows how this can be done.
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Pettit, Philip. The Program Model, Difference-makers, and the Exclusion Problem. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746911.003.0012.
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How do the notions of programming and difference-making relate to one another? A higher-level property programs for an effect just in case, intuitively, the actual realizer of the property at any lower level gives rise to a realizer of the effect and any possible realizer at that level would also have done this. A higher-level property makes a difference to the effect just in case its presence programs for the effect and, in addition, its absence programs for the absence of the effect. Christian List and Peter Menzies argue for the capacity of the difference-making model to explain away the exclusion problem raised for physicalists by Jaegwon Kim. But the program model, developed in earlier work by Frank Jackson and Philip Pettit, offers a simpler and more straightforward way of handling the challenge.
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Gerard, Kelly. ASEAN, Anti-Politics, and Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198748977.003.0006.
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Through the lens of the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR), this chapter considers the political impacts of ASEAN’s recent reform. Prevailing explanations of why and how ASEAN has come to govern human rights frame this as a process of normative change. This chapter departs from these accounts by examining the structural context in which political processes have been reformed, considering how human rights governance has been rescaled and restructured, the drivers of this process, and whose interests these reforms advance. The chapter highlights the AICHR’s depoliticizing impacts at the level of the polity and at the level of politics, where ASEAN’s elites have been empowered as opposed to rights advocates. The chapter argues that the AICHR gives the appearance of expanding rights protections, while enabling elites to manage conflicts over human rights abuses according to their preferences.
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Price, T. Douglas. Europe before Rome. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199914708.001.0001.
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Werner Herzog's 2011 film Cave of Forgotten Dreams, about the painted caves at Chauvet, France brought a glimpse of Europe's extraordinary prehistory to a popular audience. But paleolithic cave paintings, stunning as they are, form just a part of a story that begins with the arrival of the first humans to Europe 1.3 million years ago, and culminates in the achievements of Greece and Rome. In Europe before Rome, T. Douglas Price takes readers on a guided tour through dozens of the most important prehistoric sites on the continent, from very recent discoveries to some of the most famous and puzzling places in the world, like Chauvet, Stonehenge, and Knossos. This volume focuses on more than 60 sites, organized chronologically according to their archaeological time period and accompanied by 200 illustrations, including numerous color photographs, maps, and drawings. Our understanding of prehistoric European archaeology has been almost completely rewritten in the last 25 years with a series of major findings from virtually every time period, such as Ötzi the Iceman, the discoveries at Atapuerca, and evidence of a much earlier eruption at Mt. Vesuvius. Many of the sites explored in the book offer the earliest European evidence we have of the typical features of human society--tool making, hunting, cooking, burial practices, agriculture, and warfare. Introductory prologues to each chapter provide context for the wider changes in human behavior and society in the time period, while the author's concluding remarks offer expert reflections on the enduring significance of these places. Tracing the evolution of human society in Europe across more than a million years, Europe before Rome gives readers a vivid portrait of life for prehistoric man and woman.
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Stirr, Anna Marie. Songs with Consequences? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190631970.003.0004.
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This chapter focuses on the pragmatics of dohori singing in rural songfests. With a comparative focus on different types of songfest across Nepal’s rural hill areas, it addresses how songfests frame performances in ways that allow for particular pragmatic effects. These are based on forms of ritualized material and musical exchange that idealize the production of equality, yet often still reproduce inequality. It tells the history of dohori as a means of communication across social divides, often with significant material stakes in binding contests that could end in marriage. It discusses dohori’s historical connections with labor exchange and marriage exchange to show how this practice of singing is grounded in ways of producing equality and hierarchy. It gives examples of how binding dohori contests or song duels have been considered threats to the social order and how their outcomes have been reintegrated, changing aspects of individuals’ lives and social relations.
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King, Jeffrey C. Philosophical and Conceptual Analysis. Edited by Herman Cappelen, Tamar Szabó Gendler, and John Hawthorne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668779.013.7.
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This article examines the main lines of contemporary thinking about analysis in philosophy. It first considers G. E. Moore’s statement of the paradox of analysis. It then reviews a number of accounts of analysis that address the paradox of analysis, including the account offered by Ernest Sosa 1983 and others by Felicia Ackerman (1981, 1986, 1991); the latter gives an account of analysis on which properties are the objects of analysis. It also discusses Jeffrey C. King’s (1998, 2007) accounts of philosophical analysis, before turning to views of analysis that are not aimed at addressing the paradox of analysis, including those associated with David Lewis, Frank Jackson, and David Chalmers. In particular, it comments on Lewis’s argument that conceptual analysis is simply a means for picking out the physical state that occupies a certain role, where formulating what that role is constitutes a conceptual analysis of the relevant notion.
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Deruelle, Nathalie, and Jean-Philippe Uzan. Lagrangian mechanics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786399.003.0008.
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This chapter shows how the Newtonian law of motion of a particle subject to a gradient force derived from a ‘potential energy’ can always be obtained from an extremal principle, or ‘principle of least action’. According to Newton’s first law, the trajectory representing the motion of a free particle between two points p1 and p2 is a straight line. In other words, out of all the possible paths between p1 and p2, the trajectory effectively followed by a free particle is the one that minimizes the length. However, even though the use of the principle of extremal length of the paths between two points gives the straight line joining the points, this does not mean that the straight-line path is traced with constant velocity in an inertial frame. Moreover, the trajectory describing the motion of a particle subject to a force is not uniform and rectilinear.
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O'Hara, Alexander. An Italian Monk in Merovingian Gaul. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190858001.003.0004.
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This chapter considers Jonas of Bobbio not only as one of the most important writers of the seventh century but also as an individual and historical figure in his own right whom it is possible to frame within the wider social, cultural, and political developments of his lifetime. A native of Susa, an Alpine town in northern Italy, Jonas became a monk of Bobbio and personal assistant to successive Bobbio abbots before undertaking missionary work in northern Gaul with Bishop Amandus in the 630s. It is likely he became abbot of the double community of Marchiennes-Hamage, for which he may have written a rule for nuns, the Regula cuiusdam ad virgines, previously ascribed to Abbot Waldebert of Luxeuil. Jonas’s occasional personal writing gives us a good insight into the life of a seventh-century monk whose monastic duties and missionary work took him across Europe and brought him into contact with a wide network of ecclesiastical and political figures.
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Wilson, Eli Revelle Yano. Front of the House, Back of the House. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479800612.001.0001.
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In restaurants, why do all the white people work in the front and the brown people in the back? What keeps these workers apart, consigned to highly unequal types of jobs? Drawing on six years of ethnographic research within three Los Angeles–based restaurants, Wilson details how managers and workers jointly divide service workplaces by race, class, and gender. While managers frame social inequality through discriminatory hiring and supervisory policies that grant educated whites access to the most desirable positions and relegate foreign-born Latino men with low levels of education to the marginal jobs, interactions between members of each group end up sealing distinct "worlds of work" off from one another. While these processes bind the most vulnerable Latinx workers to low-level service jobs, it can also foster unexpected opportunities for others. Through Wilson's extensive behind-the-scenes research, we learn how what happens in everyday service establishments exacerbates but also gives new dimension to social inequalities in our society at large.
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Forshaw, Joseph, and Frank Knight. Vanished and Vanishing Parrots. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643106499.
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Joseph M. Forshaw, one of the world’s leading authorities on parrots, calls attention to the threats they face: they are one of the most endangered groups of birds, with a growing number of species nearing extinction. The main threats arise from habitat loss through deforestation and agricultural development and from the taking of birds for the international live-bird trade.
Vanished and Vanishing Parrots brings together information on species that have become extinct in historical times with information on species that are in danger of becoming extinct to increase public awareness of the plight of these magnificent birds. Vivid colour plates by the wildlife artist Frank Knight draw attention to the spectacular species that we have lost or that could be lost. Forshaw’s work gives us fascinating insight into these endangered and extinct parrots.
Vanished and Vanishing Parrots will be a valuable reference for scientific, ornithological and avicultural organisations, as well as individual lovers of birds and of illustrated natural history books.
Announced Highly Commended at the 2018 Whitley Awards
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Pecora, Vincent P. Land and Literature in a Cosmopolitan Age. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852148.001.0001.
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Despite its growing cosmopolitanism, European culture after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871 was no stranger to ancient beliefs in a natural, religiously sanctioned, and aesthetically pleasing relationship to the land. The classical Greek notion translates as “autochthony”—literally, birth from the soil, enabled by a god. The biblical account in Exodus gives the idea of a Promised Land, designed for a particular people by their god. Twentieth-century versions of the first theme culminate in the Nordic (and then Nazi) notion of a Volksgemeinschaft—a folk community—built on the supposedly intrinsic link between Blut und Boden, blood and soil. And the idea of a Promised Land has motivated rebellious English Puritans, colonizing Americans obsessed with their “manifest destiny,” Dutch Voortrekkers, and a wide array of liberation movements.The many resonances of these topoi form a more or less coherent whole, from the novels of George Eliot to the poetry of T. S. Eliot, from thinkers such as J. G. Fichte to the Austrian historian Otto Brunner and the Indian social psychologist Ashis Nandy, and throughout the long history of Western aesthetics, from Meister Eckhart to Alexander Baumgarten to Martin Heidegger. The supposed cosmopolitanism of the modern age often obscures a deep commitment to regional, nativist, nationalist, and civilizational attachments, including a justifying theological politics, much of which is still with us today. Untangling the meaning of the vital geographies of the modern age, including how they shaped our accounts of literature and representation, is the goal of this book.
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Ásta. Categories We Live By. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190256791.001.0001.
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We are women, we are men. We are refugees, single mothers, people with disabilities, and queers. We belong to social categories that frame their action, self-understanding, and life options. But what are social categories? How are they created and sustained? How does one come to belong to them? To answer these questions is to offer a metaphysics of social categories, and that is the project of Categories We Live By. The key component in the story offered is a theory of what it is for a feature of an individual to be socially meaningful in a context. People have a myriad of features, but only some of them make a difference socially in the contexts people travel. The author gives an account of what it is for a feature of an individual to matter socially in a given context. This the author does by introducing a conferralist framework to carve out a theory of social meaning, and then uses the framework to offer a theory of social construction, and of the construction of sex, gender, race, disability, and other social categories. Accompanying is also a theory of social identity that brings out the role of individual agency in the formation and maintenance of social categories.
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Robinson, Harlow. Lewis Milestone. University Press of Kentucky, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813178332.001.0001.
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This book tells the remarkable personal and professional story of Lewis Milestone (1895-1980), one of the most prolific, creative and respected film directors of Hollywood’s Golden Age. Among his many films are the classics All Quiet on the Western Front, Of Mice and Men, A Walk in the Sun, Pork Chop Hill, the original Ocean’s Eleven and Mutiny on the Bounty, starring Marlon Brando. Born in Ukraine, he came to America as a teenager and learned about film in the U.S. Army in World War I. By the early 1920s he was editing silent films in Hollywood, and soon graduated to shooting his own features. His films were nominated for 28 different Academy Awards during a career that lasted 40 years. Among the many stars whom he directed were Barbara Stanwyck, Ingrid Bergman, Gregory Peck, Errol Flynn, Gary Cooper, Frank Sinatra, Joan Crawford and Kirk Douglas. Providing biographical information, production history and critical analysis, this first major scholarly study of Milestone places his films in a political, cultural and cinematic context. Also discussed in depth, using newly available archival material, is Milestone’s experience during the Hollywood Blacklist period, when he was one of the first prominent Hollywood figures to fall under suspicion for his alleged Communist sympathies. Drawing on his personal papers at the AMPAS library, my book gives Milestone the honored place herichly deserves in the American film canon.
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Dean, Andrew. Metafiction and the Postwar Novel. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198871408.001.0001.
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This book examines the origins, poetics, and capacities of self-reflexive fiction across the globe after World War II. Focusing on three authors’ careers—J. M. Coetzee, Janet Frame, and Philip Roth—it seeks to circumvent the large-scale theoretical paradigms (such as ‘postmodernism’) that have long been deployed to describe this writing. The book does so by developing new terms for discussing the intimacies of metafictional writing, derived from the writing of Miguel de Cervantes and J. L. Borges. The ‘self of writing’ refers to the figure of the author that a writer may imagine exists independently from discourse. The ‘public author as signature’ represents the public understandings of an author that emerge from biography and the author’s corpus itself. The book shows how these figures of authorship are handled by authors, as they draw on the materials offered by their own corpora and communities of readers. Sometimes, this book shows, authors invent distinctively literary ways of adjudicating enduring political debates: the responsibility of a novelist to the political aspirations of a community, the ability of the novel to pursue justice on behalf of others, and the public good that literature serves. Yet this is not a story of unmitigated success: the book also demonstrates how metafiction can be used as a way to close down interpretive schemes and to avoid contributing to public value. Through a close focus on literary environments, the book ultimately gives a finer-grained account of the history of postwar metafiction, and offers new ways of theorizing the relationship between fiction, life-writing, and literary institutions.