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Soler, Matthieu. "Les dieux de l'amphithéâtre : étude sur la relation entre religion et spectacle de l'Occident romain du IIe s. av.J.-C. au Ve s. ap. J.-C." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20119.
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Le monde de l’amphithéâtre, entre l’apparition, au IIIe s. av. J.-C., des ludi qu’il abrite à partir de la fin du IIe s. av. J.-C., et l’abandon de ce type d’édifice en tant que monument de spectacle dans lecourant du Ve s. ap. J.-C., a longtemps été perçu par l’historiographie soit comme l’excroissance monstrueuse d’une civilisation brillante, soit comme l’exemple même de la cruauté d’une société autocratique et esclavagiste. Cette image de l’arène s’appuyait en particulier sur les rites se déroulant dans les édifices dédiés aux munera décrits par les écrivains chrétiens à partir de Tertullien au IIe s. ap. J.-C. Plus tard, pour livrer une étude dépassionnée de la gladiature, Georges Ville a postulé une "laïcisation" précoce de l’institution et rejeté ainsi les textes des polémistes chrétiens dans le domaine du pur discours. La reprise attentive de l’ensemble de la documentation, tant littéraire qu’épigraphique ou iconographique permet de nuancer ces constats. Si la religion est au cœur des jeux, c’est avant tout parce que ceux-ci, non seulement, sont parfaitement intégrés à la société romaine et provinciale, mais aussi et surtout car ils sont un des lieux par excellence où est montrée l’image idéalisée de Rome, sa structure sociale, culturelle et donc religieuse. Les dieux de l’amphithéâtre sont donc avant tout les dieux de la cité, garants de sa pérennité et de son équilibre. Ils sont adorés dans les amphithéâtres par des actes publics et privés, par l’ensemble de la communauté, des groupes sociaux, ou encore des individus de toute origine. La société se soude dans ce contexte où les spectateurs forment une communauté émotionnelle, prélude à la communauté cultuelle et sociale. Les acteurs des jeux eux-mêmes ont des préférences pour des dieux censés les protéger : Diane, Hercule, Némésis, Fortune, Mars, Minerve, Vénus, Mercure, et sont acteurs des rites de la cité. Cela ne fait pas d’elles les seules divinités des arènes et tout citoyen peut également se tourner vers elles dans les sacella des amphithéâtres, généralement ouverts à tousThe amphitheater was used as a spectacle edifice between the end of the IInd century BC, hosting the ludi that appeared during the IIIrd century BC, and the Vth century AC. It was long perceived by historiographers either as the monstrous appendix of an enlightened civilization or as an example of an autocratic and slavering society. This image of the arena was derived from the rituals taking place in the edifices dedicated to munera and described by Christian writers starting with Tertullien in the IInd century AC. Georges Ville later conducting a dispassionate study of the Gladiatura, postulated an early non-religious nature of the institution and rejected the texts written by the Christian polemists as pure discourse. The careful study of the whole literary, epigraphic and iconographic documentation allows to nuance those statements. Religion is seen as the central core of the games not only because they are perfectly integrated to the Roman and provincial society but also because they are the best place to show an idealized image of Rome with its social, cultural and de facto religious structure. The gods worshiped in the amphitheater are first and foremost those of the city that guarantee its perenniality and stability. Inside the amphitheater they receive public and private adoration from the part of the whole community, of social groups and of individuals. The audience thus becomes united creating an emotional community that will later turn into a cultural and social community. The actors of the games give preference to certain gods expected to protected them -Diana, Hercules, Nemesis, Fortuna, Mars, Minerva, Venus and Mercury- and thus become actors in the city’s rites. Other gods and goddesses can also be worshiped in the sacella of the amphitheater that are generally open to all citizens
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Garraffoni, Renata Senna. "Tecnica e destreza nas arenas romanas : uma leitura da gladiatura no apogeu do Imperio." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279941.
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Orientador: Pedro Paulo AbreuTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Doutorado
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Ducros, Méryl. "Les gladiateurs dans l'Orient grec : particularismes locaux, environnement social et représentations." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30064/document.
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Les combats de gladiateurs sont les spectacles les mieux documentés du monde romain. Depuis l'ouvrage de Louis Robert (Les gladiateurs dans l'Orient Grec, Paris, 1940), qui rassemble un corpus épigraphique et iconographique très intéressant, aucune nouvelle synthèse n'a été proposée sur les gladiateurs en Orient, alors que les découvertes ont été très nombreuses, notamment en ce qui concerne les stèles funéraires. Le but de cette thèse sera de mettre en avent cette nouvelle pratique sociale apparue en Orient avec la conquête romaine à travers un catalogue de sources exhaustifs partant des travaux déjà effectués par Louis Robert, étoffés des découvertes postérieures afin d’établir une étude complète du phénomèneThis paper will aim to put forward new social practices emerged in the Oriental province especially in Greece and Asia Minor with the Roman conquest through a phenomenon common to all of the Empire: The gladiatorial combat. After a quick introduction about the gladiator fight’s origin and its importance in the Roman West, this reasoning will highlight the presence of gladiators through epigraphic corpus and varied iconographic and study the importance of gladiatorial evidence in this geographical area, and finally analyse the consequences of gladiator fights’ introduction for the people of these regions of the empire. Those modifications are the result of a deliberate regional policy introduced by the Roman authorities in connection with the imperial cult
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Carter, Michael J. D. "The presentation of gladiatorial spectacles in the Greek East : Roman culture and Greek identity /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0032/NQ66197.pdf.
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Gerner, Desiree E. 1978. "A Matter of Life and Death: Gladiatorial Games, Sacrificial Ritual and Literary Allusion." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10637.
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vii, 65 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.Roman gladiatorial games had significance far beyond that of mere spectacle and were more than savage and brutal entertainment for depraved emperors and bloodthirsty crowds. Classifying the games as a form of ritual, and by extension a means of communication, this study approaches Roman gladiatorial games as a type of text and employs literary theories regarding allusion to bring to light the more profound implications of the games. I focus on the ways in which gladiatorial games alluded to funerary and sacrificial ritual as well as to the idealized representations of masculine virtue in Roman literature and the native myths and legends that Romans used to define themselves. The gladiator was both the community's ideal agent and its sacrificial offering, and gladiatorial combat was the embodiment of Roman social values, religious practice, and national identity.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Mary Jaeger, Chair; Dr. Lowell Bowditch; Dr. Cristina Calhoon
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Migayrou, Agathe. "Des femmes sur le devant de la scène : modalités, contextes et enjeux de l’exhibition des femmes dans les spectacles à Rome et dans l’Occident romain, de César aux Sévères." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H030/document.
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Analyser les spectacles romains du théâtre, de l'amphithéâtre et du cirque dans une démarche d'histoire sociale permet de les appréhender comme un élément structurant de la culture et de la société romaine et comme un espace-temps de la vie publique à travers lequel il est possible d'observer de manière privilégiée cette société, les différents groupes qui la composent et les relations qui se nouent entre eux. Ces performances spectaculaires avaient lieu dans le cadre de grandes célébrations publiques (les ludi et les munera) et occupaient une place ambiguë dans la société romaine. Malgré leur succès croissant et leur rôle majeur dans la vie publique, elles étaient moralement dénigrées. Strictement séparées de la sphère civique, elles étaient par conséquent accessibles aux femmes. Celles-ci pouvaient non seulement y assister mais également s'y produire, ce qui leur conférait une visibilité exceptionnelle dans l'espace public. Les pratiques d'exhibition dans les spectacles, attestées aussi bien par les sources littéraires qu'épigraphiques, sont révélatrices des contradictions de la société romaine : malgré leur discrédit, elles fournissaient aux individus, en fonction de leur statut, une source de revenus non négligeable et un outil médiatique majeur. L'exhibition des femmes dans les spectacles romains donne ainsi un aperçu de leur place dans cette société. Dans la continuité des études sur les femmes et le genre, il ne s'agit pas de déconnecter l'histoire des femmes de celle des hommes et du reste de la société, mais d'étudier des pratiques sociales mixtes en précisant la place qu'y occupaient les femmes et la signification de leur intégration à ces pratiquesAnalyzing the Roman performances of theatre, amphitheatre and circus in a social history approach makes it possible to understand them as a structuring element of Roman culture and society and as a time-space of public life through which it is possible to observe in a privileged way this society, the different groups that compose it and the relations that are formed between them. These spectacular performances took place within the framework of large public celebrations (the ludi and munera) and occupied an ambiguous place in Roman society. Despite their growing success and major role in public life, they were morally denigrated. They were therefore accessible to women because strictly separated from the civic sphere. Women could not only attend but also perform, giving them exceptional visibility in the public space. The practices of exhibition in perfonnances, attested by both literary and epigraphic sources, reveal the contradictions of Roman society: despite their discredit, they provided individuals, according to their status, with a significant source of income and a major media tool. The exhibition of women in Roman shows gives a glimpse of their place in this society. In the continuity of studies on women and gender, it is not a question of disconnecting women's history from that of men and the rest of society, but of studying mixed social practices by specifying the place that women occupied in them and the significance of their integration into these practices
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Cariou, Gérald. "Morituri te salutant : La Naumachie à Rome et dans l'empire romain du Ier Av. J.-C. au Ve siècle Ap. J.-C." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN1442.
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Inventée par Jules César en 46 av. J. -C. , la naumachie désigne chez les Romains le spectacle du combat naval donné à différentes échelles ainsi que l'arène conçue pour son usage, un vaste bassin construit à Rome et sur lequel s'affrontent deux flottes de condamnés à mort ou naumachiarii. La naumachie représente l'instrumentalisation du spectacle de combat au service du pouvoir. Cette dernière apparaît à la fin de la République dans le développement des supports de " propagande " des généraux. Grande démonstration militaire exprimant la victoire du chef de guerre protégé des dieux, la naumachie symbolise aussi la conquête passée et future ainsi que la domination sur le monde habité. A l'époque impériale, la naumachie continue d'être ainsi instrumentalisée par les empereurs et s'enrichit par le message d'une continuité dynastique et d'une légitimation du pouvoir au moment des crises survenant au Ier siècle ap. J. -C. Par les contraintes spatiales et visuelles que pose la naumachie, l'arène navale subit par ailleurs une remarquable évolution. Après la pièce d'eau monumentale de César et celle d'Auguste, qui peut être localisée au cœur du quartier du Trastévère à Rome, la naumachie va être introduite à partir du Ier siècle ap. J. -C. Dans l'amphithéâtre à Rome et en province. A la fin du Ier siècle ap. J. -C. Et au début du IIe siècle, elle connaît l'aboutissement de son modèle architectural ainsi que la dernière étape de son évolution avec le spectacle naval de gladiateurs
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Cullhed, Jakob, and Fredrik Olsson. "The Gladiators of the OMXSPI : What are the key drivers trailing the durable performance?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159177.
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Background and problem: The impact on the stock market of macroeconomic factors have been analyzed in several earlier studies. These are forces constantly changing and thereby they contribute to changing the supply and demand of stocks. The fact that macroeconomic variables have affected the top performing stocks of the OMXSPI during 2004 – 2018, in terms of performance, plays an important part of the study. Different authors have recognized different factors to affect the stock price development and there has not yet been established an explanation of the determinants of stock prices. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the stocks that continuously have had a development superior to the OMXSPI, and therefore have contributed the most to the development of the OMXSPI during 2004 – 2018. Moreover, the study analyzes the drivers that have contributed to the performance of these stocks. Furthermore, the study clarifies which factors that have contributed to the development of the P/E and the EV/EBITDA of the top performers. Methodology: The study followed a quantitative and deductive approach. The Swedish stock market was analyzed with a focus on the OMXSPI were the top performing stocks of this index were identified through a screening process. Moreover, the top performers were put against the OMXSPI in different time periods to compare the performance. Furthermore, multiples of these top performers and the sectors which they trade in were calculated in order to compare the multiples to each other, with the purpose of analyzing them relative to each other in different time periods. Conclusion: From the findings it could be established very similar patterns between the top performers and the OMXSPI. The difference mainly being that the top performers in every sequence experienced a superior development than the OMXSPI, but also greater declines during short sequences. Moreover, the tables displayed remarkable returns of the top performers and the aggregated top performers traded at premium levels in all analyzed time periods.
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Nisson, Christopher. "En Gladiator i klassrummet : Historielärares didaktiska syn på film som ett pedagogiskt verktyg i historieundervisningen." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik, psykologi och idrottsvetenskap, PPI, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-10723.
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Varje år producerar Hollywood flertalet filmer med utgångspunkt i historien och dessa formar den allmänna uppfattningen om historiska händelser och personer. Även i klassrummen har filmen hittat in och blivit en naturlig del av undervisningen för många historielärare. Det är dock, som tidigare forskning har visat, oklart huruvida dessa filmvisande lärare har en pedagogisk tanke bakom att trycka på Play. Denna uppsats syftar till att ge en bild av historielärares didaktiska syn på att visa film i undervisningen utifrån frågorna vad, hur och varför de gör det. Kvalitativa djupintervjuer efter en intervjuguide har genomförts med fem gymnasielärare. Skillnader mellan lärarnas svar i alla tre didaktiska frågor har kunnat urskiljas. Tre huvudsyften med filmvisning har utkristalliserat sig: film visualiserar och skapar på så sätt en kontext och identifikation, film är en bra ingång till ett historieintresse samt att film bidrar till en fördjupad media literacy.
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Cortelazzo, Angelo Luiz 1954. "Caracterização topoquimica e bioquimica de sementes de canavalia ensiformes DC e Canavalia gladiata DC." [s.n.], 1989. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314884.
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Orientador : Benedicto de Campos VidalTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: No presente trabalho, foram realizados vários métodos topoquímicos e bioquímicos de análise, com o intuito de caracterizar as sementes quiescentes e folhas cotiledonares de Canavalia ensiformis e C. gladiata. A principal reserva dessas sementes é o amido, que representa mais de 50% do peso seco das sementes. Outra reserva expressiva é,o material protéico, que atinge 27-30% do peso seco em C. ensiformis e 37-44% em C. gladiata. As sementes possuem pouco lipídio e destas substâncias destaca-se um conteúdo elevado de ácido esteárico. Os perfis eletroforéticos das duas espécies revelam uma grande semelhança do material protéico, com predominância de canavalina e concanavalina A, presentes nas sub-frações de vicilinas. Os extratos protéicos totais e as vicilinas, apresentam poder hemaglutinante, enquanto que nas leguminas e albuminas isso não ocorre. Esse poder só se manifesta nos testes "in vitro", pois "in situ" a ConA está agregada a outras proteínas dos corpos protéicos e/ou apresenta-se dissociada. As paredes celulares dos cotilédones apresentam grandes plasmodesmos, que poderiam contribuir para o transporte das reservas de célula a célula no decorrer da germinação. As folhas cotiledonares de C. ensiformis sofrem excisão no 21º dia de germinação, enquanto que as de C. gladiata, apenas no 28%, quando a planta já se encontra com mais de 1,7 m de altura.... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The present research was carried out using various topochemical and histochemical methods of analysis, wlth the lntentlon of characterizing quiescent seeds and cotyIedons Canavalia ensiformis and C. gladiata. The principal stored material in these seeds is starch, which represents over 50% of their dry weight. Another important reserve is protein, which represents up to 27-30% of the dry weight of C. ensiformis and 37-44% of C. gladiata. The seeds contain very little lipid which consists mostly of stearic acid. The electrophoretic profiles of the two species are very similar, with predominance of canavalin and concanavalin A, present in the vicilin fractions. The total protein extracts and the vicilin are hemaglutinating, whiIe the legumins and albumins do not have this characteristic. .This hemaglutinating ability can only be verified "in vitro" since "In situ" the concanavalin A is elther associated with other proteins, and/or occurs dissociated. The cell walls of the cotyledons have large plasmodesms, which may contribute to the transport of reserve material from cell to cell durlng germlnation. The cotyledons of C. ensiformis falI on the 21 day of germlnation, while those of C. gladiata falI only on the 28 day when the plant has attained a helght of 1.7 m.... Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Doutorado
Doutor em Ciências Biológicas
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Kroppen, Thomas. "Mortis dolorisque contemptio Athleten und Gladiatoren in Senecas philosophischem Konzept." Hildesheim Weidmann, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988193647/04.
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Vacari, Fernando Celestino Moreira [UNESP]. "Cristalização e resolução de estrutura das proteínas Canavalia gladiata lectin (CGL) e Canavalia marítima lectin (CML) complexadas ao açúcar manose 1-6 manose." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87542.
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vacari_fcm_me_sjrp.pdf: 2872179 bytes, checksum: 1bf0cdb8298278a7abef6a8501917773 (MD5)Este trabalho teve por objetivo cristalizar e resolver tridimensionalmente as estruturas das proteínas Canavalia gladiata lectin (CGL) e Canavalia marítima lectin (CML), ambas complexadas com o açúcar manose 1-6 manose, encontradas em sementes de leguminosas. Para o processo de cristalização foi utilizado um kit de cristalização, contendo 96 soluções previstas pelo método de cristalização da matriz esparsa, denominado Screen Index (Hampton Research). Para o processo de resolução de estrutura foi utilizado diversos métodos computacionais dentre eles, o programa CCP4 (Collaborative Computational Project n° 4). Já com a estrutura resolvida, pode-se observar o sítio de ligação da proteína e identificar quais aminoácidos fazem parte do mesmo; calcular o RMSD médio entre as estruturas nativa e complexada com o açúcar manose 1-6 manose; comparar os sítios de ligação das proteínas CGL e CML complexadas com os açúcares man 1-2 man, man 1-3 man, man 1-4 man e man 1-6 man. Enfim, o trabalho colaborou para que duas novas estruturas fossem depositadas no banco de dados PDB (Protein Data Bank), para que futuros pesquisadores possam realizar estudos utilizando essas estruturas já resolvidas.
This study aimed to crystallize and solve the three-dimensional structures of proteins Canavalia gladiata lectin (CGL) e Canavalia maritime lectin (CML), both complexed with sugar manose 1-6 manose, found in legume seed. For the crystallization process was used a kit of crystallization, containing 96 solutions provided by the method of crystallization of the sparse matrix, called Screen Index (Hampton Research). For the process of resolution structure was used several computation methods among them, the program CCP4 (Collaborative Computational Project n° 4). Now with the structure resolved, can observe the binding siti of protein and amino acids to identify which part of the same; calculate the avarage RMSD betweem the native and complexed structures with the sugar manose 1-6 manose; compare the binding sites of CGL and CML proteins complexed with sugars man 1-2 man, man 1-3 man, man 1-4 man and man 1-6 man. Finally, the work helped the two new structures were deposited in the PDB database, for future researchers to conduct studies using these structures already solved.
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Vacari, Fernando Celestino Moreira. "Cristalização e resolução de estrutura das proteínas Canavalia gladiata lectin (CGL) e Canavalia marítima lectin (CML) complexadas ao açúcar manose 1-6 manose /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87542.
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Orientador: Valmir FadelBanca: Fernanda Canduri
Banca: Mario Tyago Murakami
Resumo: Este trabalho teve por objetivo cristalizar e resolver tridimensionalmente as estruturas das proteínas Canavalia gladiata lectin (CGL) e Canavalia marítima lectin (CML), ambas complexadas com o açúcar manose 1-6 manose, encontradas em sementes de leguminosas. Para o processo de cristalização foi utilizado um kit de cristalização, contendo 96 soluções previstas pelo método de cristalização da matriz esparsa, denominado Screen Index (Hampton Research). Para o processo de resolução de estrutura foi utilizado diversos métodos computacionais dentre eles, o programa CCP4 (Collaborative Computational Project n° 4). Já com a estrutura resolvida, pode-se observar o sítio de ligação da proteína e identificar quais aminoácidos fazem parte do mesmo; calcular o RMSD médio entre as estruturas nativa e complexada com o açúcar manose 1-6 manose; comparar os sítios de ligação das proteínas CGL e CML complexadas com os açúcares man 1-2 man, man 1-3 man, man 1-4 man e man 1-6 man. Enfim, o trabalho colaborou para que duas novas estruturas fossem depositadas no banco de dados PDB (Protein Data Bank), para que futuros pesquisadores possam realizar estudos utilizando essas estruturas já resolvidas.
Abstract: This study aimed to crystallize and solve the three-dimensional structures of proteins Canavalia gladiata lectin (CGL) e Canavalia maritime lectin (CML), both complexed with sugar manose 1-6 manose, found in legume seed. For the crystallization process was used a kit of crystallization, containing 96 solutions provided by the method of crystallization of the sparse matrix, called Screen Index (Hampton Research). For the process of resolution structure was used several computation methods among them, the program CCP4 (Collaborative Computational Project n° 4). Now with the structure resolved, can observe the binding siti of protein and amino acids to identify which part of the same; calculate the avarage RMSD betweem the native and complexed structures with the sugar manose 1-6 manose; compare the binding sites of CGL and CML proteins complexed with sugars man 1-2 man, man 1-3 man, man 1-4 man and man 1-6 man. Finally, the work helped the two new structures were deposited in the PDB database, for future researchers to conduct studies using these structures already solved.
Mestre
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Pollard, Alison. "Carmen heroum : Greek epic in Roman friezes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1bd394a8-200e-48c7-b7b4-e1e7cabd39e0.
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Roman wallpainting has been the subject of innumerable studies from the eighteenth century to the present day, but the epic-themed friezes of Late Republican and Early Imperial Italy have been comparatively neglected throughout this history of scholarship. This thesis therefore seeks to examine the three painted and stucco Iliad friezes from Pompeii, all found on the Via dell'Abbondanza, and the Odyssey frescoes from a house on the Esquiline in Rome, as four examples of a type which had a long history in the Graeco-Roman world, even if their survival in the archaeological record is scant. The primary aim of the study is to understand each frieze in the knowledge of how they might have been regarded in antiquity, as elucidated in Pausanias' commentaries on Polygnotus' Iliupersis and Nekyia frescoes in Delphi, and to understand their extra-textual insertions and spelling discrepancies not as artistic errors but as reflections of the geographical and chronological contexts in which the friezes were displayed. Through detailed study of their iconography and epigraphy, alongside contemporary writers' discussion of the epic genre and its specific concerns for a Roman audience, this study aims to show that the most fruitful course of enquiry pertaining to the friezes lies not in an argument about whether they are entirely faithful to the Homeric epics or depart from them in puzzling ways, but in the observation that reliance on the text and free play on it go hand in hand as part of the epic reception-culture within which these paintings belong.
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Wahlström, Kristina. "Lamm blir lejon : den moraliska uppfostran i amerikansk äventyrsfilm." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för utbildning och ekonomi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-8100.
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Denna uppsats rör den moral som presenteras för oss i amerikanska äventyrsfilmer. Tre filmer, King Arthur, Robin Hood och Gladiator, presenteras och analyseras. Hjältens handlingar är i fokus men även antagonisten och andra bikaraktärers handlingar är av vikt. Detta ställs mot den traditionella pliktetiken då vi får se om hjältens handlingar är förenliga eller strider mot den. En diskussion följer också kring filmernas upplägg och vad lockelsen med denna typ av film egentligen är.
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Myhra, Håkon. "Mass-scenens Intertekstualitet : Mass-scener som intertekstuelt fenomen." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Education, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-619.
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The digital evolution in the film industry has opened possibilities that was only to blockbusters before the digital age. I am talking about mass-scenes. Huge scenes with hordes of people often in huge battlefields. This was earlier in film history an extremly costly undertaking for the filmindustry and was a major reason why the large studio systems in Hollywood collapsed in the 60s. Now we can enjoy large scale battles created with CGI without costly extras, costumes and props. It’s all made with the computer and with ’blue screen’ technology. Is it possible to track the mass-scene back to some sort of origin or at least to who that defined the mass-scene ? If we look closer at mass-scenes used in contemporary movies then a clear pattern often emerges. These scenes can often be traced back to especially two propaganda films from the late 30s. Triumph des Willens by Leni Riefenstahl and Alexander Nevsky by Sergei M. Eisenstein. Of course there are others, but these two stands out from the others regarding mass-scenes. My opinion is that these two classic propaganda films have defined the mass-scenes as we have come to see and understand them in many comtemporary films from Star Wars to Lord Of The Rings.
In this thesis I will try to explore the usage of mass-scenes in comtemporary films and hopefully uncover the strong intertextual ties to Triumph des Willens and Alexander Nevsky.
I will also attempt to define the mass-scene and it’s usage in contemporary film.
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Lu, Jun-Jay, and 呂俊杰. "The anticancer immunity of a local variety of Canavailia gladiata." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96216353861553267154.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
藥理學研究所
91
From a local variety of Canavailia galadiata our lab has isolated a protein fraction, termed IC-1, that possesses some interesting anticancer activities. The anticancer immunity of the protein fraction is investigated and reported here. Using fresh splenocytes isolated from Balb/cj mouse and the 3H-thymidine incorporation method, I found that IC-1 can stimulate the proliferation of these splenocytes. The same finding also occurs in vivo when IC-1 was injected intraperitoneally into Balb/cj mouse and the splenocytes isolated and tested in vitro. The proliferated cell population was found by the fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) scanning to be CD8 cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells and, to a lesser extent, B cells. At the same time, IC-1 stimulates expressions of cytokine IL-2 and INF-□□in mouse, regardless whether the animal bears tumor cells or not. IC-1 also shows a strong in vitro cytotoxicity toward a murine bladder cancer cell line MBT-2 in a dose-dependent manner. The cytotoxicity is also reflected in vivo when the same cells were transplanted subcutaneously into C3H/HeN mouse and IC-1 injected intraperitoneally into the testing animals. The extract reduces the tumor size by 90% as compared to the controls in a 20-day experimental period. The tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are found by the immuo- histochemistry method to be CD8 cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells, but only natural killer cells reveal cytolytic activity. The rusult suggests that natural killer cells play an important role in the tumor reduction mechanism of IC-1. The same animal model was used to investigate the combination therapy of cisplatin and IC-1 on bladder cancer. Cisplatin treatment alone seriously impairs the immune system as manifested by the marked reduction of spleen size and of the numbers of CD8 T, CD19 B and NK cells in the spleen. The reduction, however, can be reversed almost to normal size or values when IC-1 is used concurrently with cisplatin. The results suggest a possible clinical usage of IC-1 as, at least, a supplementary material for cancer chemotherapy when immune suppression drugs are used.
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Coleman, Kathleen. "The virtues of violence: Gladiators, the arena, and the Roman system of values [audiorecording]." 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/14077.
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Item consists of a digitized copy of an audio recording of a Vancouver Institute lecture given by Kathleen Coleman on November 3, 2001. Original audio recording available in the University Archives (UBC AT 2527).
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Chien, Chiao-Yun, and 簡皎芸. "Further characterization of anticancer activities from a local variety of Canavalia gladiata." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33617941313124935042.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
藥理學研究所
92
Our lab had previous shown that cold water extract from a local variety of Canavalia gladiata, termed IC-1, possessed some interesting anticancer activities. In this investigation, I clarify and identify further the anticancer activities of IC-1. IC-1 shows in vitro cytotoxicities toward some cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry assay reveals that cancer cells death is due to apoptosis, which is supported by two more assays—DNA fragmentation and Hoechst 33258 nucleus staining. Gelatin zymography of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9, the two indicators of tumor invasion of basemembrane, indicates that IC-1 can inhibit both enzymes. Next I tested the antiangiogenesis of IC-1 using bovine aorta endothelial cell (BAEC) in a migration assay. The result indicates IC-1 can inhibit the blood endothelial cell migration. Furthermore, I tested the anticancer activity of IC-1 in vivo using ML1-4A hepatoma cells as primary tumor model. IC-1 treatment reduces tumor size by more than 50% as compare to the control, confirming further the previous observation made in this lab. The immune boosting effect of IC-1 was confirmed and further analyzed in vivo. Injected intraperitoneally into Balb/c mouse, IC-1 was found to stimulate splenocytes proliferation, which was assayed by 3H-thymidine incorporation method. The proliferated cell population, identified by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS), was found to be B cells, T cells and nature killer cells. IC-1 also can stimulate the expression of cytokines IL-2 and IFN-g. In addition, IC-1 can reverse the immune impairment, including B cells, T cells and nature killer cells in the spleen, elicited by cisplatin. Taken together, these results prove that IC-1 not only inhibit tumor growth but also activate immune responses, a dual effect that renders its anticancer activities.
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Thériault-Langelier, Jérémie. "Les gladiateurs grecs en Asie Mineure durant le Haut-Empire romain à Éphèse, Aphrodisias, Attaleia et Side." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8693.
Full textAbstract:
Avec la romanisation à grande échelle pendant le Haut-Empire, les Romains ont propagé leur culture dans tout le bassin méditerranéen. Les jeux de gladiateurs ont été en Asie Mineure un apport important à la société romaine instaurée en milieu grec. Les théâtres hellénistiques ont été modifiés pour accueillir ces nouveaux divertissements, typiquement romains. Il est question de tout ce qui entoure ces endroits et les gladiateurs grecs qui les ont massivement fréquentés pendant les trois premiers siècles de notre ère, également de ces combattants grecs à travers les spectacles, les festivals et le culte impérial.
Quatre cités sont étudiées dans cette optique : Éphèse, Aphrodisias, Attaleia, Side. Nous pouvons ainsi analyser les développements de ce phénomène autant dans les grands que les petites villes.With full scale Romanization during the early days of the Empire, the Romans propagated their culture all across the Mediterranean region. Gladiatorial games were in Asia Minor a significant feature of the Roman culture implanted amid the Greek population. The Hellenistic theaters were modified to accommodate this new Roman entertainment. This contribution is about all that surrounds these places and the Greek gladiators who fought in them during the first three centuries of our era ; it explores those Greek warriors in spectacle, festival and imperial cult. Four cities are studied : Ephesos, Aphrodisias, Attaleia and Side. The choice of these examples, it is hoped, will allow a better understanding of the development of this phenomenon in big urban centers as well as in smaller cities.
Entièrement réalisé grâce au programme LaTeX (http://www.latex-project.org/)
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MARŠÁLEK, Martin. "Analýza vlivu komplexní regenerace na sportovní výkon sportovce ve smíšeném bojovém umění klubu Gladiators gym České Budějovice." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376430.
Full textAbstract:
The diploma thesis deals with the effectiveness of specific regeneration on results of a test working capacity of mixed martial arts athletes. The effectiveness of Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation, full body massage and sauna was tested on first proband. Schultz's autogenic training, whirlpool bath were used on second proband. Both probands performed the same compensatory exercises after MMA training session. Trainings were scheduled three times per week. Intervention programmes lasted for eight weeks. The thesis briefly summarizes the issues of MMA and subsequently the distribution of regeneration and its importance in relation to sport performance. Content analysis, synthesis and measurement method, were used. The research was conducted in the form of individual case studies. Using semi-structured interviews, case-histories of the probands were created. To determine the working capacity, the W170 test was used. The intervention program followed, after which, the W170 test, was performed again. According to the results of working capacity test, the level of working capacity increased, per 42,8 % at first proband and 16,07 % at second proband.
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Gomes, Tiago de Souza Lima. "O potencial educativo dos massively multiplayer online games: um estudo exploratório sobre os jogos Ikariam, OGame, Gladiatus e Metin2 e seus jogadores." Master's thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/11343.
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