Journal articles: 'Glande salivaire'

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Issoufou, I., L. Belliraj, H. Harmouchi, F. Z. Ammor, M. Lakranbi, Y. Ouadnouni, and M. Smahi. "La chirurgie des tumeurs primitives de la trachée de type glande salivaire." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 36, no. 4 (April 2019): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2019.01.001.

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Boland, L., E. Gomes, G. Payen, and C. Poncet. "Atteinte de la glande salivaire zygomatique chez le chien : trois cas originaux." Pratique Médicale et Chirurgicale de l'Animal de Compagnie 47, no. 2 (April 2012): 60–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anicom.2012.04.008.

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Dah Cherif, Abdellah. "The pleomorphic adenoma of the accessory salivary gland: About a case and review of the literatura." Our Dermatology Online 10, e (June 9, 2019): e20.1-e20.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.7241/ourd.2019e.20.

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Belenotti, P., A. Benyamine, F. Usseglio, M. Devos, J. Gabert, and P. J. Weiller. "Clonalité lymphocytaire B sur biopsie de glande salivaire accessoire : marqueur pronostic d’hémopathie dans le syndrome de Sjögren ?" La Revue de Médecine Interne 37 (June 2016): A33—A34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2016.04.231.

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Launay, D., M. Hebbar, A. Janin, E. Hachulla, PY Hatron, and B. Devulder. "Cirrhose biliaire primitive, syndrome de Sjögren et sclérodermic systémique (syndrome de Reynolds): trois affections réunies au sein d’une glande salivaire." La Revue de Médecine Interne 18 (January 1997): 459s—460s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0248-8663(97)80185-3.

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Brodetskyi, I. S., V. A. Malanchuk, and V. E. Dosenko. "USE OF 29A MICRO-RNA FOR DIAGNOSIS OF PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMAS OF SALIVARY GLANDS." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 20, no. 1 (April 9, 2020): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.20.1.149.

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Introduction. Pleomorphic adenoma is known as the most common tumour in salivary glands that makes up 60-90% of all benign tumours of the salivary glands. The modern genetic tendency towards the diagnosis of salivary gland tumours is the study of the role of microRNA molecules, and miRNA-29a in the focus of the great researchers’ interest. It is expressed in 84 % of the pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands. Objectives. Determination of expression of miRNA-29a in tissues of pleomorphic adenomas of the large salivary glands that adjacent to the tumour of the tissue of the salivary gland, intact tissue of the salivary gland, was out of touch with the tumour and venous blood. Materials and methods. The study included 20 patients with benign tumours of the large salivary glands (pleomorphic adenomas). The expression of miRNA-29a was evaluated by using reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in real time. Results. The analysis of the level of miRNA-29a expression revealed that among 4 groups of indicators (tumour tissue, tissues adjacent to the tumour salivary gland tissue, intact salivary gland, which was out of touch with the tumour and venous blood) in patients with pleomorphic adenoma of the large salivary gland, the highest expression was noted in the group, where salivary gland tissue was adjacent to the salivary gland tumour (111, 93±56, 97 versus 8,12±4,4). Correlation analysis of patients with pleomorphic adenoma of the large salivary glands with different fragments of tissues samples demonstrated that the expression level of miRNA-29a differed significantly between the groups (adjacent gland - intact salivary tissue). Conclusions. A sufficiently high level of miRNA-29a expression in the tissues of pleomorphic adenoma in the large salivary glands compared with the normal (intact salivary gland tissue), 10 times as much can be used as a genetic marker for verification (identification) of this type of tumours. Studies of biopsy material from patients with pleomorphic adenoma in the large salivary glands at the genetic level (by expression of miRNAs-29a) confirm the need not only in enucleating of the tumour (partial parotidectomy), but also in performing of subtotal resection with removal of salivary gland adjacent to the tumour.

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Oroz, Aleksandar, Zorana Bokun, Djordje Antonijevic, and Jasna Jevdjic. "The determination of specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of core needle biopsy in the diagnosis of parotid and submandibular salivary glands tumors." Vojnosanitetski pregled 76, no. 9 (2019): 921–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp170320001o.

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Background/Aim. The diagnosis of tumors of salivary glands relies heavily on radiological examination and biopsy of pathological tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of core needle biopsy in diagnosis of tumors of parotid and submandibular glands. Methods. This study was designed as a crosssectional clinical trial performed between May 2008 and ?ay 2015 at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia. The examinations included 200 patients among which 100 were diagnosed with tumors of parotid salivary glands and 100 with tumors of submandibular salivary glands. The core needle biopsy was undertaken in all cases where tumor was smaller than 2 cm, far from blood vessels and far from the deep layer of parotid gland. The histopathological analysis was performed to identify histological type of the lesion. Upon performing the surgical procedure and consequently the tumor tissue extirpation, tissue samples obtained were investigated for the definitive diagnosis. Results. The sensitivity of the procedure was 90.9% for parotid salivary gland and 74% for submandibular salivary gland, the specificity was 95.9% for parotid salivary gland and 93% for submandibular salivary gland and the accuracy was 94.7% for parotid salivary gland and 87% for submandibular salivary gland. Based on the histopathological findings of the salivary glands obtained using core needle biopsy of the tumor tissue, it was possible to differentiate between malignant and benign lesions. Conclusion. Current investigation points to the advantages and efficiency of core needle biopsy in diagnosis of tumors of parotid and submandibular salivary glands.

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Brodetskyi, I. S., V. O. Malanchuk, and V. E. Dosenko. "Application of microRNA-34a for diagnosis of pleomorphic adenomas of salivary glands." Klinicheskaia khirurgiia 86, no. 10 (October 21, 2019): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26779/2522-1396.2019.10.67.

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Objective. Determination of expression of microRNA-34a in tissues of pleomorphic adenomas of large salivary glands, adjacent to tumor salivary gland tissue, intact tissue of a salivary gland, which was not connected with the tumor, and in a venous blood as well. Materials and methods. The investigation was conducted in 20 patients, suffering benign tumors of large salivary glands (pleomorphic adenomas). Expression was estimated, using adverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction in regime of a real time. Results. Analysis of the expression level for microRNA-34a was conducted in the tumoral tissue, adjacent to the tumor salivary gland tissue, and in intact tissue of salivary gland, which lacked a link with the tumor, the venous blood in patients, suffering pleomorphic adenomas of large salivary glands, and there was revealed, that it have appeared the highest in the salivary gland adjacent to the tumor - (1052.02 ± 367.20, comparing with the same index in the intact gland - 47.72 ± 28.93). Conclusion. Level of expression of microRNA-34a in the tissues of pleomorphic adenomas of salivary glands, which is in 11 times higher, than in norm (in intact tissue of salivary gland), may be applied as a genetic marker for verification of these tumors.

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Vinayachandran, Divya, and Sathasivasubramanian Sankarapandian. "Salivary Duct Cyst: Histo-pathologic Correlation." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 3 (April 30, 2013): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.111236.

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Non-neoplastic cysts of the salivary glands are uncommon and represent 2-5% of all salivary gland lesions. They are mainly mucoceles or salivary duct cysts. Unlike a mucocele, which is surrounded by granulation tissue, the salivary duct cyst is lined by epithelium. Salivary duct cysts are more common in the oral minor salivary glands and rarely occur in the major salivary glands, show a marked predilection for the superficial lobe of the parotid, and represent 10% of all salivary gland cysts. Neoplastic differentiation of the lining of the salivary duct cyst has been reported. We report a case of a salivary duct cyst of the left parotid gland, with a review of radiographic and histopathologic features.

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Sanketh, DS, N. Amrutha, Shankargouda Patil, and Anveeta Agarwal. "The Ambiguous Salivary Myoepithelial Cells." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 15, no. 4 (2014): 523–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1573.

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ABSTRACT Salivary gland neoplasms present with a diverse histological pattern which is mainly because of the presence of specialized myoepithelial cells (MECs). These are contractile epithelial cells with smooth muscle like properties. They have been also noticed in mammary glands, lacrimal glands, prostate gland, and the sweat glands and have varied functions. MECs play an important role in the histogenesis of many salivary gland tumors. Knowledge of MECs leads to a better understanding of the histological diversity of salivary gland neoplasms. This article reviews the physiology, histology, identification and role of these cells in salivary gland pathology. How to cite this article Rao RS, Patil S, Amrutha N, Sanketh DS, Agarwal A. The Ambiguous Salivary Myoepithelial Cells. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):523-528.

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Михалевич М. М., Блищак Н. Б., and Борис Р. Я. "МАКРОАНАТОМІЯ ТА АНГІОАРХІТЕКТОНІКА ВЕЛИКИХ СЛИННИХ ЗАЛОЗ БІЛОГО ЩУРА." International Academy Journal Web of Scholar 1, no. 11(41) (November 30, 2019): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_wos/30112019/6804.

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Macroanatomy, topography of a large salivary glands of rats, the size and the functional mechanism are defined by the structural features of the skull and the cervical area, by the horizontal position of the rat’s body and by the features of functional purpose of the salivary glands. The morphological methods of research the large salivary glands of rats, proved that submandibular gland is located together with the large and small sublingual glands in the anterior region of the neck, the parotid gland is localized in the lateral region of the neck. The submandibular gland, the large and small sublingual glands are supplied by the facial artery, when the parotid gland is supplied by the temporal artery. A venous blood from the submandibular gland, the large and small sublingual glands is drained by sublingual vein and from the parotid gland- by the mandibular vein.

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Cossolin, Jamile Fernanda Silva, Luis Carlos Martínez, Monica Josene Barbosa Pereira, Lucia Madalena Vivan, Hakan Bozdoğan, Muhammad Fiaz, and José Eduardo Serrão. "Anatomy, Histology, and Ultrastructure of Salivary Glands of the Burrower Bug, Scaptocoris castanea (Hemiptera: Cydnidae)." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, no. 6 (October 1, 2019): 1482–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927619015010.

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AbstractThe burrower bug Scaptocoris castanea Perty, 1830 (Hemiptera: Cydnidae) is an agricultural pest feeding on roots of several crops. The histology and ultrastructure of the salivary glands of S. castanea were described. The salivary system has a pair of principal salivary glands and a pair of accessory salivary glands. The principal salivary gland is bilobed with anterior and posterior lobes joined by a hilus where an excretory duct occurs. The accessory salivary gland is tubular with a narrow lumen that opens into the hilus near the excretory duct, suggesting that its secretion is stored in the lumen of the principal gland. The cytoplasm of the secretory cells is rich in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles with different electron densities and mitochondria. At the base of the accessory gland epithelium, there were scattered cells that do not reach the gland lumen, with the cytoplasm rich in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, indicating a role in protein production. Data show that principal and accessory salivary glands of S. castanea produce proteinaceous saliva. This is the first morphological description of the S. castanea salivary system that is similar to other Hemiptera Pentatomomorpha, but with occurrence of basal cells in the accessory salivary gland.

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Mohan, Vineet, Wouter V. Vogel, Gerlof D. Valk, Jan P. de Boer, Marnix G. E. H. Lam, and Bart de Keizer. "PSMA PET/CT Identifies Intrapatient Variation in Salivary Gland Toxicity From Iodine-131 Therapy." Molecular Imaging 19 (January 1, 2020): 153601212093499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536012120934992.

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Introduction: Xerostomia is a well-known complication after iodine-131 (131I) therapy for thyroid carcinoma. It is currently insufficiently understood how the dose and biodistribution of 131I relates to salivary gland toxicity, and whether this is consistent for all salivary glands within a single patient. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was recently introduced as a new tool to evaluate the relative loss of vital acinar cells in individual salivary glands. We aimed to assess gland-specific salivary gland toxicity after 131I-therapy using PSMA PET/CT. Methods: Five patients with differentiated thyroid cancer underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT to evaluate their eligibility for peptide radioligand therapy with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617. Uptake patterns in salivary glands were evaluated visually and quantitatively as an indicator of vital acinar cell loss after prior 131I-therapy. Results: Four of 5 patients demonstrated significant lowered uptake in at least one salivary gland, after receiving at least 2 131I-treatments. Asymmetric loss of vital acinar cells occurred by gland type (parotid/submandibular) and location (right/left). The other salivary glands in these patients and all salivary glands in the fifth patient showed normal uptake, demonstrating high intrapatient and interpatient variability. Conclusions: 131I-therapy can induce salivary gland toxicity with high inter- but also high intrapatient variation among separate gland locations, which can be assessed with PSMA PET/CT. This new technique offers potential to guide further development and evaluation of protective measures in patients receiving 131I-therapy.

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Limaye, A., B. E. Hall, L. Zhang, A. Cho, M. Prochazkova, C. Zheng, M. Walker, et al. "Targeted TNF-α Overexpression Drives Salivary Gland Inflammation." Journal of Dental Research 98, no. 6 (April 8, 2019): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034519837240.

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Chronic inflammation of the salivary glands from pathologic conditions such as Sjögren’s syndrome can result in glandular destruction and hyposalivation. To understand which molecular factors may play a role in clinical cases of salivary gland hypofunction, we developed an aquaporin 5 (AQP5) Cre mouse line to produce genetic recombination predominantly within the acinar cells of the glands. We then bred these mice with the TNF-αglo transgenic line to develop a mouse model with salivary gland–specific overexpression of TNF-α; which replicates conditions seen in sialadenitis, an inflammation of the salivary glands resulting from infection or autoimmune disorders such as Sjögren’s syndrome. The resulting AQP5-Cre/TNF-αglo mice display severe inflammation in the salivary glands with acinar cell atrophy, fibrosis, and dilation of the ducts. AQP5 expression was reduced in the salivary glands, while tight junction integrity appeared to be disrupted. The immune dysregulation in the salivary gland of these mice led to hyposalivation and masticatory dysfunction.

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Woo, Jeong-Soo, Kyoung-Min Kim, Jae Seong Kang, Prakash Zodpe, Sung-Won Chae, Soon-Jae Hwang, and Heung-Man Lee. "Expression of Neutrophil Gelatinase—Associated Lipocalin in Human Salivary Glands." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 116, no. 8 (August 2007): 599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940711600808.

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Objectives: We performed an observational study of RNA and protein expression in human tissue to examine the distribution of neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (NGAL) in normal and chronic inflammatory salivary tissues, and to investigate the expression level of NGAL in inflammatory conditions of salivary glands. Methods: Normal salivary gland tissues and tissue samples of salivary glands with chronic sialadenitis were obtained. Expression of NGAL was investigated by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, and semiquantitative analysis of these results was also performed. The differential localization and amount of immunoreactivity to NGAL protein was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis in normal salivary gland tissues and salivary glands with chronic sialadenitis. Results: NGAL messenger RNA transcripts were detected in the tissues from the salivary glands with chronic sialadenitis, but only a small amount was detected in the tissues from the normal salivary glands. A weak expression of NGAL protein was occasionally seen in a few ductal epithelial cells of normal salivary gland tissue. However, in tissue samples from glands with chronic sialadenitis, the NGAL protein was expressed strongly in ductal epithelial cells and infiltrating inflammatory cells. Conclusions: These results imply that NGAL is associated with the regulation of inflammation in salivary glands.

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Wahida, O. Nurul, and Paul D. Cooper. "Feeding and the salivary gland response in free-ranging yellow-winged grasshoppers (Gastrimargus musicus)." Australian Journal of Zoology 62, no. 5 (2014): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo14068.

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Yellow-winged grasshoppers (Gastrimargus musicus) were captured in the field to examine the morphology and amine immunohistochemistry of their salivary glands. Fifty-eight grasshoppers were collected, with only five being males. Eight of 53 female grasshoppers had food in their crop, and the salivary glands of those insects were significantly heavier than those of grasshoppers without food in their crops. The salivary gland of the yellow-winged grasshopper was an acinar-type gland, similar to gland descriptions for other Orthoptera. The primary secretory part of acini of each gland is composed of zymogen and parietal cells. Staining patterns indicated that serotonin and dopamine could act as neurotransmitters and/or neurohormones to stimulate the glands. The pattern of staining of serotonin in the salivary gland suggested that serotonin stimulates both zymogen and parietal cells. Only the parietal cells were positively stained with dopamine. Comparing staining of glands of grasshoppers with food in their crop with the glands of grasshoppers with empty crops suggested a reduction in staining for serotonin in the latter. The differential staining pattern suggests that these amines have different roles in the salivary gland of G. musicus. The lack of difference in structure but increased mass with feeding suggests that all glands were active, but that secretion was actively occurring only in animals with the heavier glands.

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Antoniades, D. Z., A. K. Markopoulos, E. Deligianni, and D. Andreadis. "Bilateral aplasia of parotid glands correlated with accessory parotid tissue." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 120, no. 4 (February 15, 2006): 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215106000338.

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Congenital absence of major salivary glands, especially the parotid gland, is a rare entity. It is usually monolateral and is not correlated with accessory salivary gland tissue. Aplasia of parotid gland may occur alone or in association with abnormalities of other salivary glands, first branchial arch developmental disturbances or other congenital anomalies.We report an interesting case of bilateral aplasia of the parotid glands together with bilateral accessory parotid tissue, without other congenital or developmental anomalies, and we describe the clinical and radiological findings.

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Li, Jingchao, Na-Youn Koo, Ik-Hyun Cho, Tae-Hwan Kwon, Se-Young Choi, Sung J. Lee, Seog B. Oh, Joong-Soo Kim, and Kyungpyo Park. "Expression of the Na+-HCO3−cotransporter and its role in pHiregulation in guinea pig salivary glands." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 291, no. 6 (December 2006): G1031—G1040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00483.2005.

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Patterns of salivary HCO3−secretion vary and depend on species and gland types. However, the identities of the transporters involved in HCO3−transport and the underlying mechanism of intracellular pH (pHi) regulation in salivary glands still remain unclear. In this study, we examined the expression of the Na+-HCO3−cotransporter (NBC) and its role in pHiregulation in guinea pig salivary glands, which can serve as an experimental model to study HCO3−transport in human salivary glands. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and pHimeasurements from BCECF-AM-loaded cells were performed. The amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+exchanger (NHE) played a putative role in pHiregulation in salivary acinar cells and also appeared to be involved in regulation in salivary ducts. In addition to NHE, NBC also played a role in pHiregulation in both acini and ducts. In the parotid gland, NBC1 was functionally expressed in the basolateral membrane (BLM) of acinar cells and the luminal membrane (LM) of ducts. In the submandibular gland, NBC1 was expressed only in the BLM of ducts. NBC1 expressed in these two types of salivary glands takes up HCO3−and is involved in pHiregulation. Although NBC3 immunoreactivity was also detected in submandibular gland acinar cells and in the ducts of both glands, it is unlikely that NBC3 plays any role in pHiregulation. We conclude that NBC1 is functionally expressed and plays a role in pHiregulation in guinea pig salivary glands but that its localization and role are different depending on the type of salivary glands.

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Wijaya, C., R. R. Ramli, and S. G. Khoo. "Dry surgical field minor salivary gland harvest using a chalazion clamp for sicca syndrome." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 133, no. 05 (April 22, 2019): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221511900077x.

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AbstractBackgroundSjögren's syndrome is a rheumatological condition. Diagnosing Sjögren's syndrome can be challenging given the overlapping nature of clinical presentations. Currently, minor salivary gland biopsy is considered the definitive test for diagnosing Sjögren's syndrome. Various surgical techniques have been described, targeting biopsy of minor salivary glands from the lower lip. Identification of minor salivary glands is often difficult because of bleeding. One common complication of minor salivary gland biopsy is lip paraesthesia from iatrogenic sensory nerve injury.ObjectivesTo describe a minor salivary gland biopsy technique in a bloodless operative field using a chalazion ophthalmic clamp under local anaesthesia, and to report our clinical outcomes.MethodsA prospective study was performed on patients who underwent minor salivary gland biopsy using a chalazion ophthalmic clamp between July 2017 and April 2018.ResultsThe study included 23 patients. The histopathological reports positively identified minor salivary glands for all patients. In nine cases, the histological findings were positive for Sjögren's syndrome. No lip paraesthesia complications were reported post-operatively.ConclusionThis technique facilitates a superior yield, ensures adequate sampling of appropriate glands for histopathological analysis, and minimises the complications associated with traditional techniques.

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Therkildsen, M. H., U. Mandel, J. Thorn, M. Christensen, and E. Dabelsteen. "Simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens in major salivary glands." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 42, no. 9 (September 1994): 1251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/42.9.8064132.

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Simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens Tn, sialosyl-Tn and T are often markers of neoplastic transformation and have very limited expression in normal tissues. We performed an immunohistological study of simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens, including H and A variants, with well-defined monoclonal antibodies (MAb) on frozen and paraffin-embedded normal salivary gland tissue from 22 parotid, 14 submandibular, six sublingual, and 13 labial glands to elucidate the simple mucin-type glycosylation pattern in relation to cyto- and histodifferentiation. The investigated carbohydrate structures were predominantly observed in the cell cytoplasm, most often in the supranuclear area, suggesting localization to the Golgi region, whereas ductal contents were unstained. Mucous acinar cells expressed Tn, sialosyl-Tn, and H and A antigens, regardless of glandular location. Serous acinar cells, on the other hand, expressed A, H, and inconstantly sialosyl-T, Tn, and sialosyl-Tn antigens in major salivary glands, whereas serous cells of minor (labial) salivary glands expressed H exclusively, Tn and sialosyl-T antigens inconstantly, but never sialosyl-Tn and A antigens. The difference may be related to a more simple cytodifferentiation of serous cells of minor (labial) salivary glands as compared with major salivary glands. Duct cells in major salivary glands expressed A, H, and inconstantly T, sialosyl-T, and Tn antigens, whereas minor (labial) salivary glands ducts exclusively expressed H, T and sialosyl-T antigens, differences that may be related to dissimilarities in the duct system. Myoepithelial cells and basal cells exclusively expressed T and sialosyl-T antigens, which may prove useful in studies of salivary gland tumors, since these cells are known to play a key role in the histological characteristics of some salivary gland tumors. The results indicate a similar glycosylation pattern in the different major salivary glands, whereas minor (labial) salivary gland differ slightly in serous and duct cells. The limited and exclusive intracellular expression of the immature Tn, sialosyl-Tn, and T antigens indicates that these structures may be of value as markers of salivary gland tumors.

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Gao, Xin, Maria S. Oei, Catherine E. Ovitt, Murat Sincan, and James E. Melvin. "Transcriptional profiling reveals gland-specific differential expression in the three major salivary glands of the adult mouse." Physiological Genomics 50, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00124.2017.

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RNA-Seq was used to better understand the molecular nature of the biological differences among the three major exocrine salivary glands in mammals. Transcriptional profiling found that the adult murine parotid, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands express greater than 14,300 protein-coding genes, and nearly 2,000 of these genes were differentially expressed. Principle component analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed three distinct clusters according to gland type. The three salivary gland transcriptomes were dominated by a relatively few number of highly expressed genes (6.3%) that accounted for more than 90% of transcriptional output. Of the 912 transcription factors expressed in the major salivary glands, greater than 90% of them were detected in all three glands, while expression for ~2% of them was enriched in an individual gland. Expression of these unique transcription factors correlated with sublingual and parotid specific subsets of both highly expressed and differentially expressed genes. Gene ontology analyses revealed that the highly expressed genes common to all glands were associated with global functions, while many of the genes expressed in a single gland play a major role in the function of that gland. In summary, transcriptional profiling of the three murine major salivary glands identified a limited number of highly expressed genes, differentially expressed genes, and unique transcription factors that represent the transcriptional signatures underlying gland-specific biological properties.

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Ahuja, Gourav, Jaideep Marya, and Poonam Sood. "Pleomorphic Adenoma of Minor Salivary Gland in Buccal Mucosa: an Uncommon Finding." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 03, no. 01 (April 2015): 047–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1672013.

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AbstractSalivary gland tumors account for less than 3% of the head and neck tumors. Among various salivary gland tumors, pleomorphic adenoma is most common and accounts for 60- 70% of the benign tumors of salivary glands. However, the involvement of minor salivary glands of buccal mucosa is extremely uncommon and reported to be 4% only. Salivary glands may present with a diverse range of lesions presenting a challenge to even the most experienced clinician. We report two rare cases of pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands of buccal mucosa in a 45 year old female and 70 years old male respectively. It includes clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of the tumor.

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Yoruk, Ozgur, Bedri Seven, Erhan Varoglu, Harun Ucuncu, Ali Sahin, Arif Ayan, Yavuz Sutbeyaz, and Sinan Tozoglu. "Evaluation of salivary gland function in allergic rhinitis patients by [99mTc] pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy." Open Medicine 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2010): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-009-0041-6.

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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the quantitative parameters of salivary gland functions in patients with allergic rhinitis and healthy volunteers using [99mTc] pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy. Thirty-six patients with allergic rhinitis (14 males and 22 females, mean age 30.6 ± 5.2 years) and thirty-nine healthy controls (18 males and 21 females, mean age 32.2 ± 5.6 years) were evaluated. Dynamic salivary gland scintigraphy was performed after intravenous administration of 185 MBq (5 mCi) of [99mTc] pertechnetate for 25 minutes. Lemon juice was used to stimulate the salivary glands. On the basis of the time-activity curves, the following glandular function parameters were calculated for the parotid and submandibular salivary glands: uptake ratio, maximum accumulation, and ejection fraction. Statistically, all the functional parameters of the parotid and submandibular glands obtained for the allergic rhinitis patients were significantly lower than those of the healthy controls group (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that there was a significant difference in salivary gland function between patients with allergic rhinitis and healthy controls, which can easily be evaluated by [99mTc] pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy.

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Rahayuningtyas, Etis Duhita, and Riani Setiadhi. "VIRUS AS A CAUSE OF SALIVARY GLAND DISEASES." ODONTO : Dental Journal 6, no. 1 (April 22, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.6.1.37-42.

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Background: Enlargement in the extraoral region with the absence of abnormal dental and periodontal structures are sometimes seen in dental practice, sometimes followed by xerostomia. Enlargement of the acute nonsuppurative salivary glands has been associated with several types of viruses. The purpose of this paper is to review salivary gland diseases associated with non-HIV and HIV viral infections.Discussion: Non-HIV viruses which were detected in the salivary glands including Paramyxovirus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), human papilloma viruses (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpes simplex virus (HHSV-8), and coxsackie virus. HIV-associated salivary gland disease typically presents with xerostomia and/or intraglandular lymph nodes, and diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS). The most common viral infection conditions in salivary gland disorders are mumps and HIV. Enlargement and inflammation of the glandular structures will affects the control of salivary secretion by nerves. Parasympathetic nerves block conducted signals to the salivary glands, so the salivary flow isdecreased.Conclusion: There is association between viral infection and diseases of thesalivary gland. By knowing sequelae viruses on the salivary gland, dentists are expected to understand the clinical condition and therapeutic that should be given to the patients.

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Ono, Hitomi, Aya Obana, Yu Usami, Manabu Sakai, Kanji Nohara, Hiroshi Egusa, and Takayoshi Sakai. "Regenerating Salivary Glands in the Microenvironment of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/293570.

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This report describes our initial attempt to regenerate salivary glands using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cellsin vivoandin vitro. Glandular tissues that were similar to the adult submandibular glands (SMGs) and sublingual glands could be partially produced by the transplantation of iPS cells into mouse salivary glands. However, the tumorigenicity of iPS cells has not been resolved yet. It is well known that stem cells affect their microenvironment, known as a stem cell niche. We focused on the niche and the interaction between iPS cells and salivary gland cells in our study on salivary gland regeneration. Coculture of embryonic SMG cells and iPS cells have better-developed epithelial structures and fewer undifferentiated specific markers than monoculture of embryonic SMG cellsin vitro. These results suggest that iPS cells have a potential ability to accelerate differentiation for salivary gland development and regeneration.

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Budipitojo, Teguh. "Structure and Mucopolysaccaride Type of Major Salivary Glands of the Sunda Porcupines ( Hystrixjavanica )." Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 2, no. 3 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000139.

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Sunda porcupines are one of the rodent species endemic to Indonesia. There is lack information related to the anatomical structure of their major salivary glands. The study aims to identify the anatomical structures and types of mucopolysaccharides produce d by the major salivary glands of Sunda porcupine. Four tissue samplesof major salivary glands of Sunda porcupine were processed for paraffin method and analyzed by Hematoxylin - Eosin, Alcian Blue - Periodic Acid Schiff, and lectin histochemistry for saphora japonica agglutinin and wheat germ agglutinin . The parotid gland found in the preauricular region and along the posterior surface of the mandible, while the submandibular and sublingual glands were located on the floor of the mouth posterior to each mandib ular canine. The parotid gland was divided into two lobules, each composed by different types of acini in a separate lobulation. HE staining showed that parotid gland looks unique because in the anterior lobe, the acini are dominated by serous cell - type, w hile in posterior lobe are composed by mixed of serous and mucous cell - types. The acini of submandibular gland consist of serous cells - type, but sublingual gland acini covered by mucous cell - type. All of three major salivary glands have complete duct syste m comprising intercalated, striated and excretory ducts. The acini of parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands contain acid and neutral, neutral, and acid mucopolysaccharides, respectively. Lectin staining using SJA and WGA indicates that acini in sal ivary glands of sunda porcupine contain sugar residue of N - acetylgalactosamine and N - acetylglucosamine which is a derivative of galactose and glucose by the order of intensity from weak to strong in the parotid, sublingual and submandibular glands.The pres ent results provide for the first time data on the anatomical structure and mucopolysaccharides type produced by major salivary glands of Sunda porcupines. Sunda porcupine, major salivary gland, anatomical structure, mucopolysaccharides.

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Rajan, Shiv, Ajay Kumar Singh, Sumaira Qayoom, Palavalasa Niranjan, and Deep Chakrabarti. "Polymorphous adenocarcinoma of the submandibular gland." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 8 (August 2021): e244218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-244218.

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Polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PA) of the salivary glands is a rare malignancy that predominantly affects the minor salivary glands of the palate. Major salivary gland involvement is rare (<5%). The submandibular gland is a highly unusual location for this tumour. Recently, the WHO has updated the classification of salivary gland tumours in which the PA subtype has been modified. We report a very uncommon case of a classical variant of PA involving the submandibular gland in a 49-year-old woman managed at our institute and discuss the most recent pathological criteria for diagnosis, management strategy and prognosis of PA.

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Lazaridou, Maria, Christos Iliopoulos, Kostas Antoniades, Ioannis Tilaveridis, Ioannis Dimitrakopoulos, and Nicolas Lazaridis. "Salivary Gland Trauma: A Review of Diagnosis and Treatment." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 5, no. 4 (December 2012): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1313356.

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Salivary gland trauma is uncommon. Parotid gland and duct injuries are far more common than injuries to submandibular and sublingual glands due to anatomic position. Several methods of treating salivary duct injuries and their complications have been advocated. Optimal treatment outcomes can be achieved with early diagnosis, adequate evaluation, and proper management. This article presents current diagnostic and treatment protocols of salivary gland trauma. The anatomy of the salivary glands is briefly described and clinical cases are also presented to illustrate the treatment options described.

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Oruk, Yunus Emre, Mehmet Burak Çildağ, Can Zafer Karaman, and Songül Çildağ. "Effectiveness of ultrasonography and shear wave sonoelastography in Sjögren syndrome with salivary gland involvement." Ultrasonography 40, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 584–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14366/usg.21014.

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Purpose: This study investigated the effectiveness of major salivary gland ultrasonography (MSGUS) using a new grading system and shear wave elastography (SWE) in evaluating the major salivary glands of patients with Sjögren syndrome (SjS).Methods: This prospectively-designed cross-sectional study included 49 SjS patients and 49 healthy controls. Major salivary glands were examined with gray-scale ultrasonography and SWE. A new grading system for salivary glands was developed using MSGUS findings. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of MSGUS and shear wave velocity (SWV) values were investigated. The MSGUS grading system and SWV values were evaluated together by logistic regression analysis. A cutoff value of SWE for salivary glands was determined.Results: The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of MSGUS were 69.4%, 73.5%, 72.3%, and 70.6% for the submandibular gland and 69.4%, 65.3%, 66.7%, and 68.1% for the parotid gland, respectively. The mean SWV values of the parotid and submandibular glands were significantly higher in SjS patients than in controls (P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for the submandibular gland (cutoff, 1.95 m/s) and the parotid gland (cutoff, 2.39 m/s) were 69.4%, 52%, 59.1%, and 63% and 82.7%, 83.7%, 83.5%, and 82.8%, respectively. Adding SWE to the parotid gland grading system increased the sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity, 82.7%; specificity, 83.7%).Conclusion: Evaluating the salivary glands using MSGUS with a new grading system and SWE may contribute to the diagnosis of SjS. The combination of MSGUS and SWE may be a promising tool for diagnosing SjS.

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Azevedo, Dihego de Oliveira, José Cola Zanuncio, José Salazar Zanuncio Jr., Gustavo Ferreira Martins, Solange Marques-Silva, Marcos Franklin Sossai, and José Eduardo Serrão. "Biochemical and morphological aspects of salivary glands of the predator Brontocoris tabidus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 50, no. 3 (May 2007): 469–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132007000300013.

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The aim of this work was to study the feeding habits of the predator Brontocoris tabidus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) analyzing the salivary gland complex (SGC). The SGC was dissected and subjected to histological analyses and biochemical assays. Results showed that a pair of bilobed principal salivary glands and one pair of tubular accessory salivary glands form the SGC and different parts of salivary gland synthesizes similar substances. Lipases, a-amylase and trypsin-like enzymes were detected at both lobes of the principal salivary gland. These data together with observations related to the predator's diet suggested that it could be considered an obligate zoophytophagous.

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Tamin, Susyana, and Duhita Yassi. "Penyakit kelenjar saliva dan peran sialoendoskopi untuk diagnostik dan terapi." Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana 41, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32637/orli.v41i2.45.

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Background: Human salivary glands could be prone to diseases. Special tools have been createdto diagnose the disease of the glands and with the advancement of technology, better instruments weredeveloped. Purpose: We present this literature review to share the knowledge of diagnostic and therapyin today’s management of salivary gland disease. Literature Review: Human salivary glands consistedof major and minor salivary glands which produce saliva. Salivary gland secretion is a process that involves cell synthesis and active transport. Salivary gland diseases are also associated with secretion process. Sialoendosopy can be use as diagnostic and therapeutics tool in salivary glands disease. As atherapeutic tool, sialoendoscopy has a role in stone fragmentation and extraction and also dilatation ofstenosis and stricture. Conclusion: Sialoendscopy has many advantages in diagnosis and treatment ofsalivary gland disease, but its employment is still limited because of the high price and required skilledand experienced operator. Key words: salivary gland, salivary gland disease, sialoendoscopy Abstrak : Latar belakang: Kelenjar saliva manusia tidak lepas dari gangguan penyakit. Beberapa alat telahditemukan untuk diagnosis penyakit ini dan dengan semakin berkembangnya teknologi, sangat diharapkanberkembang pula alat diagnosis yang lebih baik. Tujuan: dengan tulisan ini diharapkan dapat memperluaswawasan terhadap perangkat diagnostik dan terapi pada penyakit kelenjar saliva. Tinjauan Pustaka:Kelenjar saliva manusia terdiri dari kelenjar saliva mayor dan minor yang berperan untuk memroduksisaliva. Sekresi kelenjar saliva merupakan suatu proses yang melibatkan sintesis sel dan transpor aktif.Penyakit kelenjar saliva juga berhubungan dengan proses sekresi. Sialoendoskopi dapat digunakansebagai alat diagnostik maupun terapi pada penyakit kelenjar saliva. Sebagai alat terapi, sialoendoskopidapat berperan pada fragmentasi dan ekstraksi batu serta dilatasi stenosis dan striktur. Kesimpulan:Sialoendoskopi memiliki keunggulan dalam diagnosis dan terapi penyakit kelenjar saliva, namunpenggunaannya masih terbatas karena harganya yang mahal dan diperlukan operator yang trampil danberpengalaman. Kata kunci: kelenjar saliva, penyakit kelenjar saliva, sialoendoskopi

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Kessler, Alexander T., and Alok A. Bhatt. "Review of the Major and Minor Salivary Glands, Part 2: Neoplasms and Tumor-like Lesions." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 8 (November 15, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcis.jcis_46_18.

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The salivary glands are small structures in the head and neck, but can give rise to a wide variety of benign and malignant pathology. When this occurs, patients may present with palpable swelling, although it is quite common that they are asymptomatic and a salivary gland mass was discovered as an incidental finding on imaging performed for another reason. It is, therefore, critical that radiologists pay careful attention to the salivary glands and have working knowledge of the key differentiating features of the most common neoplastic and nonneoplastic etiologies of salivary gland masses. The purpose of this review is to provide a succinct image-rich article illustrating the various causes of salivary gland masses via an extensive review of the primary literature. In Part 2, we discuss neoplasms and tumor-like lesions of the salivary glands with a key emphasis on specific imaging features of the most common pathologic entities.

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Billman, Zachary P., Annette M. Seilie, and Sean C. Murphy. "Purification of Plasmodium Sporozoites Enhances Parasite-Specific CD8+T Cell Responses." Infection and Immunity 84, no. 8 (May 23, 2016): 2233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01439-15.

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Malaria infection caused byPlasmodiumparasites continues to cause enormous morbidity and mortality in areas where it is endemic, and there is no licensed vaccine capable of inducing sterile protection. Hyperimmunization with attenuated whole sporozoites can induce sterile protective immune responses targeting preerythrocytic antigens. Most animal models of hyperimmunization rely on sporozoites dissected from mosquito salivary glands and injected without further purification. In BALB/c mice, repeated small doses ofP. yoeliisporozoites progressively expand the population of sporozoite-specific CD8+T cells. In this study, large secondary doses of unpurified sporozoites unexpectedly led to contraction of sporozoite-specific CD8+T cell responses in sporozoite-primed mice. While sporozoite-primed CD8+T cells alternatively can be expanded by secondary exposure toListeria monocytogenesexpressing recombinantPlasmodiumantigens, such expansion was potently inhibited by coinjection of large doses of unpurified sporozoites and by uninfected salivary glands alone. Purification of sporozoites away from mosquito salivary gland debris by density gradient centrifugation eliminated salivary gland-associated inhibition. Thus, the inhibitory effect appears to be due to exposure to uninfected mosquito salivary glands rather than sporozoites. To further assess the effect of salivary gland exposure on later sporozoite vaccinations, mice were immunized with uninfected salivary glands from a single mosquito. Compared to naive mice, salivary gland presensitization reduced subsequent liver burdens by 71%. These data show that a component(s) in mosquito salivary glands reduces liver infection, thereby limiting antigen dose and contributing to lower-magnitude T cell responses. These findings suggest that sporozoite immunogenicity studies be performed using purified sporozoites whenever feasible.

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Etit, Demet, Nese Ekinci, Ayca Tan, Deniz Altinel, and Filiz Dag. "An analysis of Salivary Gland Neoplasms: A 12-Year, Single-Institution Experience in Turkey." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 91, no. 3 (March 2012): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556131209100310.

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The epidemiology of salivary gland tumors worldwide is not very well defined. Although many studies on this subject have been undertaken, the data are generally focused on specific topics such as parotid gland neoplasms or tumors of the major salivary glands. We conducted a study to establish the prevalence and distribution of benign and malignant neoplasms of both the major and minor salivary glands at a single institution. We reviewed 244,204 cases that had come through our pathology department from January 1994 through December 2005 and found 235 cases of a salivary gland neoplasm (0.09%). The female-to-male ratio was 1.04:1, and the mean age of the patients was 47 years. Of the 235 neoplasms, 159 (67.66%) were located in the parotid gland, 34 (14.47%) in the submandibular gland, and 42 (17.87%) in the minor salivary glands. A total of 146 tumors (62.13%) were benign and 89 (37.87%) were malignant. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common neoplasm, occurring in 98 cases (41.70%). The most common malignancy was mucoepidermoid carcinoma, with 27 cases (11.49%). Our data demonstrate that the characteristics of salivary gland tumors in a Turkish population at a single institution are similar to those reported in the literature worldwide.

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dos Santos, Harim Tavares, Kihoon Nam, Jason P. Hunt, Luke O. Buchmann, Marcus M. Monroe, and Olga J. Baker. "SPM Receptor Expression and Localization in Irradiated Salivary Glands." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 69, no. 8 (August 2021): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/00221554211031678.

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Radiation therapy–mediated salivary gland destruction is characterized by increased inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis, both of which ultimately lead to salivary gland hypofunction. However, current treatments (e.g., artificial saliva and sialagogues) only promote temporary relief of symptoms. As such, developing alternative measures against radiation damage is critical for restoring salivary gland structure and function. One promising option for managing radiation therapy–mediated damage in salivary glands is by activation of specialized proresolving lipid mediator receptors due to their demonstrated role in resolution of inflammation and fibrosis in many tissues. Nonetheless, little is known about the presence and function of these receptors in healthy and/or irradiated salivary glands. Therefore, the goal of this study was to detect whether these specialized proresolving lipid mediator receptors are expressed in healthy salivary glands and, if so, if they are maintained after radiation therapy–mediated damage. Our results indicate that specialized proresolving lipid mediator receptors are heterogeneously expressed in inflammatory as well as in acinar and ductal cells within human submandibular glands and that their expression persists after radiation therapy. These findings suggest that epithelial cells as well as resident immune cells represent potential targets for modulation of resolution of inflammation and fibrosis in irradiated salivary glands.

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Zhong, Haiying, Yalin Zhang, and Cong Wei. "Morphology and ultrastructure of salivary glands of male treehopper Tricentrus brunneus Funkhouser (Hemiptera: Membracoidea)." Entomologica Fennica 26, no. 4 (August 19, 2019): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.84647.

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The salivary glands of male treehopper Tricentrus brunneus Funkhouser comprise a pair of acinous principal glands each with an anterior lobe and a posterior lobe; a pair of elbow-shaped accessory glands. Every accessory gland connects with the principal gland via a thin accessory salivary duct. The anterior lobe contains three types of acini (I, II and III), whereas the posterior lobe possesses only one type of acinus (IV). Two efferent salivary ducts fuse into a common salivary duct. Different acinis cells are filled with secretory granules that are distinct in size, number, shape and electron-density, indicating a maturation process before secreted. Infoldings in different acini suggest dilution of substances before being secreted. The presence of microvilli in acinus IV and the accessory gland duct possibly indicates the undergoing maturation of secretions. Electron-dense fine granules existed in the accessory gland cells, possibly related to virus transmission.

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Abou-Foul, A. K. "Surgical anatomy of the lymphatic drainage of the salivary glands: a systematic review." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 134, no. 10 (October 2020): 856–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215120002054.

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AbstractBackgroundNodal metastasis in salivary gland malignancies has important clinical implications; a good understanding of their complex anatomy is paramount to the head and neck surgeon.MethodsA contemporary and comprehensive literature review was conducted of the lymphatic drainage of the salivary glands, with special emphasis on its surgical applications.ResultsThe parotid gland has extraglandular and intraglandular nodes acting as a single functional drainage unit. Intraglandular parotid notes are unique to the parotid gland, and consist of a larger superficial group and a smaller deep group. The presence of intraglandular submandibular nodes, as described by early anatomists, is much debated nowadays. The sublingual glands drain to the lingual lymph nodes, which are divided into median, intermediate and lateral groups.ConclusionThis review highlights the complex arrangements of lymph nodes draining the salivary glands. It may provide a valid anatomical explanation for the nodal metastasis patterns commonly seen in salivary gland malignancy.

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Miah, Mohammed S., Sharon J. White, George Oommen, Esther Birney, and Samit Majumdar. "Late Simultaneous Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Submandibular and Thyroid Glands Seven Years after Radical Nephrectomy." International Journal of Otolaryngology 2010 (2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/698014.

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Background. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastasis to the salivary glands is extremely rare. Most cases reported previously have involved the parotid gland and only six cases involving the submandibular gland exist in the current literature. Metastasis of RCC to thyroid gland is also rare but appears to be more common than to salivary glands.Methods and Results. We present the first case of simultaneous metastasis to the submandibular and thyroid glands from clear cell RCC in a 61-year-old woman who presented seven years after the primary treatment. The submandibular and thyroid glands were excised completely with preservation of the marginal mandibular and recurrent laryngeal nerves, respectively.Conclusion. Metastatic disease should always be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients who present with painless salivary or thyroid gland swelling with a previous history of RCC. If metastatic disease is confined only to these glands, prompt surgical excision can be curative.

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Izutsu, K. T., M. M. Schubert, E. L. Truelove, and D. E. Johnson. "Use of Human Minor Salivary Glands in Basic and Applied Secretion Research." Journal of Dental Research 66, no. 1_suppl (February 1987): 654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345870660s108.

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Previous findings from studies utilizing human labial and palatine minor salivary glands are reviewed. These studies took histopathological, biochemical, and ultrastructural approaches, and focused on control and diseased glands. Disease-oriented summarizations are used, and control results are discussed in the context of disease-related findings. Findings are reviewed separately for electrolytes, macromolecules, and ultrastructure. In control subjects, minor gland salivary electrolyte concentrations are dependent on flow rate, and this dependence may be altered by diseases such as cystic fibrosis as-well as by inflammatory situations such as graft-versus-host disease. There is also evidence that salivary electrolyte secretion processes are not similar in labial and palatine minor glands. Studies of salivary macromolecular composition are reviewed for control subjects and for patients with graft-versus-host disease and Sjögren's syndrome. The findings indicate that the macromolecular contents of labial and palatine gland saliva are similar, but that both are significantly different from that for major gland saliva. Finally, studies attempting to measure disease-related changes in intracellular composition are reviewed. It is concluded that the minor salivary glands are important models for the study of exocrine gland physiology and pathophysiology in man.

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Izutsu, K. T., M. M. Schubert, E. L. Truelove, and D. E. Johnson. "Use of Human Minor Salivary Glands in Basic and Applied Secretion Research." Journal of Dental Research 66, no. 2_suppl (February 1987): 654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345870660s208.

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Previous findings from studies utilizing human labial and palatine minor salivary glands are reviewed. These studies took histopathological, biochemical, and ultrastructural approaches, and focused on control and diseased glands. Disease-oriented summarizations are used, and control results are discussed in the context of disease-related findings. Findings are reviewed separately for electrolytes, macromolecules, and ultrastructure. In control subjects, minor gland salivary electrolyte concentrations are dependent on flow rate, and this dependence may be altered by diseases such as cystic fibrosis as-well as by inflammatory situations such as graft-versus-host disease. There is also evidence that salivary electrolyte secretion processes are not similar in labial and palatine minor glands. Studies of salivary macromolecular composition are reviewed for control subjects and for patients with graft-versus-host disease and Sjögren's syndrome. The findings indicate that the macromolecular contents of labial and palatine gland saliva are similar, but that both are significantly different from that for major gland saliva. Finally, studies attempting to measure disease-related changes in intracellular composition are reviewed. It is concluded that the minor salivary glands are important models for the study of exocrine gland physiology and pathophysiology in man.

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Veerabhadraiah, Prashanth, A. Nanjundappa, Usha Amirtham, Shivakumar Thyagarajan, Akshay Shivappa, and Rajaram Burrah. "A Rare Case of Salivary Duct Carcinoma of the Hypopharynx." International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery 3, no. 1 (2012): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1086.

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ABSTRACT Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare invasive malignancy arising from the ductal epithelium of the major salivary glands, especially the parotid gland. These are an uncommon but distinct group of highly malignant salivary gland tumors. This malignancy is well known for its aggressive behavior, metastasis to distant sites and high mortality rate. Few cases of SDC arising from minor salivary glands have been reported in literature. Till now no case has been reported to be occurring in the minor salivary glands of the hypopharynx. In this article, we present a case of salivary duct carcinoma of a 44-year-old male patient occurring in the minor salivary glands of the hypopharynx. The relevant literature and its treatment aspects are discussed. How to cite this article Veerabhadraiah P, Nanjundappa A, Amirtham U, Thyagarajan S, Shivappa A, Burrah R. A Rare Case of Salivary Duct Carcinoma of the Hypopharynx. Int J Head and Neck Surg 2012;3(1):25-27.

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Dozic, Ivan, Tatjana Todorovic, and Miodrag Colic. "Common immunophenotypic features of submandibular salivary glands and thymus in rats." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 140, no. 5-6 (2012): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1206270d.

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Introduction. Submandibular salivary gland is a part of the neuro-immune-endocrine system. It contains biological factors which regulate a number of functions in the body including the modulation of thymus function. Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate immunophenotypic characteristics of submandibular salivary glands of rats during ontogenesis, using the panels of monoclonal antibodies and to compare with the phenotypic characteristics of epithelial components of the thymus. Methods. Submandibular salivary glands and thymus were obtained from 1, 30 and 60 days old male AO (Albino, Oxford) rats. Streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method was used for staining. Results. Immunohistochemical analysis of rat submandibular salivary glands showed phenotypic heterogeneity of particular components of this gland during the postnatal development. We demonstrated that rat submandibular salivary glands share common antigens with rat thymic epithelial cells, but the observed phenotypic similarity between the individual regions was considered much more significant. Our data showed that the phenotypic similarity between duct epithelial cells and subcapsular epithelial cells and most medullary cells, whereas cortical epithelial cells are phenotypically similar to acinar cells. Conclusion. This immunohistological study showed phenotypic complexity of the submandibular salivary gland and similarity to the thymus that opens new perspectives in studying phenotypic similarities between this gland and lymphatic organs.

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Touray, M. G., A. Warburg, A. Laughinghouse, A. U. Krettli, and L. H. Miller. "Developmentally regulated infectivity of malaria sporozoites for mosquito salivary glands and the vertebrate host." Journal of Experimental Medicine 175, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): 1607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.175.6.1607.

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Sporozoites are an invasive stage of the malaria parasite in both the mosquito vector and the vertebrate host. We developed an in vivo assay for mosquito salivary gland invasion by preparing Plasmodium gallinaceum sporozoites from infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes under physiological conditions and inoculating them into uninfected female Ae. aegypti. Sporozoites from mature oocysts were isolated from mosquito abdomens 10 or 11 d after an infective blood meal. Salivary gland sporozoites were isolated 13 or 14 d after an infective blood meal. Purified oocyst sporozoites that were inoculated into uninfected female mosquitoes invaded their salivary glands. Using the same assay system, sporozoites derived from salivary glands did not reinvade the salivary glands after inoculation. Conversely, as few as 10 to 50 salivary gland sporozoites induced infection in chickens, while only 2 of 10 chickens inoculated with 5,000 oocyst sporozoites were infected. Both sporozoite populations were found to express a circumsporozoite protein on the sporozoite surface as determined by immunofluorescence assay and circumsporozoite precipitation test using a circumsporozoite protein-specific monoclonal antibody. We conclude that molecules other than this circumsporozoite protein may be responsible for the differential invasion of mosquito salivary glands or infection of the vertebrate host.

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Zhang, Cong, Xiaohong Zhang, and Min Zhang. "Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSC) Protect Submandibular Glands in Diabetic Rats." Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 2168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2021.2809.

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Our study assess whether exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) ameliorates diabetic salivary gland complications. 10 SD rats were assigned into diabetes group I and exosome treatment group II. Diabetic rats were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and injected with DMSO or exosomes through tail vein followed by collection of submandibular salivary gland samples for histological analysis and TGFβ, Smad2 and Smad3 level by PCR, saliva IgA and serum amylase level. Compared with control mice, exosome treatment mice showed less fibrosis of the submandibular salivary glands and duct components with a more complete structure. Exosome treatment inhibited TGFβ, Smad2 and Smad3 level to reduce diabetic salivary gland complications, effectively decreased blood sugar level, improved salivary glands function with significantly reduced serum amylase and salivary IgA levels. In conclusion, BM-MSC-derived exosomes may be a new therapeutic strategy for treating diabetic salivary gland complications.

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Lindeboom, Jerome A., Jean-Pierre T. F. Ho, Naomi Donner, and Willem H. Schreuder. "Pediatric Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Palate." Case Reports in Dentistry 2021 (May 17, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9938672.

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Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland tumor but is extremely rare in pediatric patients. The parotid gland is the most affected salivary gland, and the minor salivary glands are rarely affected. Here, we report a case of a 12-year-old boy with a pleomorphic adenoma of the palate.

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Shammassian, Berje, Sunil Manjila, Efrem Cox, Kaine Onwuzulike, Dehua Wang, Mark Rodgers, Duncan Stearns, and Warren R. Selman. "Mature salivary gland rests within sonic hedgehog–positive medulloblastoma: case report and insights into the molecular genetics and embryopathology of ectopic intracranial salivary gland analogs." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 18, no. 6 (December 2016): 708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.6.peds15575.

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Intracranial ectopic salivary gland rests within dural-based lesions are reported very infrequently in the literature. The authors report the unique case of a 12-year-old boy with a cerebellar medulloblastoma positive for sonic hedgehog (Shh) that contained intraaxial mature ectopic salivary gland rests. The patient underwent clinical and radiological monitoring postoperatively, until he died of disseminated disease. An autopsy showed no evidence of salivary glands within disseminated lesions. The intraaxial presence of salivary gland rests and concomitant Shh positivity of the described tumor point to a disorder in differentiation as opposed to ectopic developmental foci, which are uniformly dural based in the described literature. The authors demonstrate the characteristic “papilionaceous” appearance of the salivary glands with mucicarmine stain and highlight the role of Shh signaling in explaining the intraaxial presence of seromucous gland analogs. This article reports the first intraaxial posterior fossa tumor with heterotopic salivary gland rests, and it provides molecular and embryopathological insights into the development of these lesions.

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Bains, Amandeep, Thomas Dennis, and Dimtrios Doumpiotis. "A Palatal Myoepithelioma." Dental Update 46, no. 7 (July 2, 2019): 684–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denu.2019.46.7.684.

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This case report demonstrates the management of a myoepithelioma in the minor salivary glands of the palate. Myoepitheliomas are rare, benign, salivary gland tumours which usually affect the parotid glands. The rare neoplasms only account for 1–1.5% of all salivary gland neoplasms. This case shows a minimal approach to treating this rare tumour found in a rare site. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This case demonstrates the potential for rapid epithelial recovery within the oral cavity.

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McFerran, D. J., D. R. Ingrams, A. P. Gallimore, and H. R. Grant. "Polycystic disease of salivary glands." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 109, no. 2 (February 1995): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100129585.

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AbstractPolycustic disease of salivary glands is a rare condition which hitherto has been reported only glands. We report a case in which and accessory salivary gland had evidence of plycystic disease.

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Hashem, Nelly N., Thomas W. Mara, Mohamed Mohamed, Irene Zhang, Kevin Fung, Keith F. Kwan, Thomas D. Daley, Eleftherios P. Diamandis, and Mark R. Darling. "Human Kallikrein 14 (Klk14) Expression in Salivary Gland Tumors." International Journal of Biological Markers 25, no. 1 (January 2010): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460081002500105.

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Objective To analyze the expression of human kallikrein 14 (KLK14) in salivary gland tumors. Methods A standard immunoperoxidase staining technique was used to assess the expression profile of KLK14 in normal salivary glands and tumors including pleomorphic adenoma (PA; n=17), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC; n=13) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC; n=9). Tumor stage, grade, patient age and gender, and site of occurrence were recorded. These clinical parameters were correlated with KLK14 levels in malignant tumors. The expression profiles for KLK3, 5, 6, 8 and 13 were also retrieved. Results Normal salivary glands, PA, ACC and MEC showed strong expression of KLK14 in ductal and non-ductal cells. Both PA and ACC showed higher KLK14 levels than normal glands and MEC tissues. There were no statistically significant associations between levels of KLK14 and clinical parameters. Conclusions The differences in the levels of KLK14 suggest that KLKs may aid in the differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumors. The coexpression of KLKs suggests their possible involvement in an enzymatic pathway activated in salivary gland. KLK14 may be a promising new biomarker in salivary gland tumors.

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Nepal, Niraj, Prabesh Kumar Choudhary, Manish Kumar Das, Meenakshi Basnet, and Sagar Paudel. "Primary Salivary Gland Tumors- A two years study at Nobel Medical College." Nepalese Medical Journal 2, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v2i2.25277.

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Introduction: Salivary gland tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that are relatively rare but represent a wide variety of both benign and malignant histopathologic subtypes. The aim of this study was to find out the histopathological distribution of primary salivary gland tumors and correlate fine needle aspiration cytology reports with histological findings.Materials and Methods: A total of 83 patients attending the otorhinolaryngology department with salivary gland tumors were enrolled in our study. The histopathological findings were reported and correlated with cytological findings.Results: The mean age of the patient with salivary tumors was 43.11 ± 13.02 years. Out of 83 cases, 3 (3.6%) patients were diagnosed as inflammatory lesions, 64 (77.1%) patients had benign salivary gland tumors and 16 (19.3%) of patients had malignant salivary glands tumors in histopathology. The sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in this series for detecting salivary gland malignancy were 68.8% and 98.5% respectively with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 92.8%. The most common salivary gland tumor was found to be pleomorphic adenoma (56.6%) and the most common malignant salivary gland tumor was found to be mucoepidermoid carcinoma (19.3%). The comparison of the incidence of salivary gland tumors in various age groups showed a statisticallysignificant difference (p=0.009). Conclusions: Benign salivary tumors are more common than malignant tumors with the most common occurrence in parotid glands. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor whereas; mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in patients visiting Nobel medical college.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Glande salivaire'

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