Relevant bibliographies by topics / Glands

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Glands'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Glands"

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Lopushniak, L. Ya, T. V. Khmara, I. Yu Oliinyk, G. Ya Stelmakh, M. Yu Leka, and N. V. Bernik. "Peculiarities of Development and Embryotopography of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands in the Fetal Period of Human Development." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 5, no. 5 (October 24, 2020): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs05.05.060.

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Active implementation of perinatal prevention and treatment of congenital malformations requires modern approaches and methods of research of intrauterine development, the use of which is impossible without a comprehensive morphological study of development of the structure and topography of organs and structures of various systems in the early period of human ontogenesis. A priority task of the modern anatomy is the study of patterns of prenatal morphogenesis and syntopia of human endocrine glands. The purpose of the research was to study the peculiarities of the development and formation of the topography of the thyroid and parathyroid glands during the human embryonic period. Material and methods. The study was performed using microscopy of a series of consecutive histological sections of 18 human embryos of 4.0-13.5 mm parietal-coccygeal length and graphical reconstruction. Results and discussion. The thyroid gland forms as the epithelium cell’s protrusion along the midline between the I and II pharyngeal pockets, and appears on the 4th week of embryonic development. The rudiments of parathyroid glands in the form of epithelial protrusions of the dorsal part of the III and IV pharyngeal pockets appear during the 5th week of the development of fetus. In 6-week-old embryos, the thyroid gland enters into a complex syntopic relationships with adjacent organs and structures; herewith the topographic boundaries of the organ are not clearly defined. The growth of the thyroid gland goes along the common carotid arteries and gradually loses contact with the aortic arch. A diffuse vascular network is formed around the thyroid gland, which penetrates into it. It is clearly traced that the upper thyroid arteries originate from the external carotid arteries. At the end of the embryonic period the tempo of growth of thyroid gland acutely increases, the main variants of the thyroid gland's shape (with an isthmus and without an isthmus) can be defined. Conclusion. In the embryos of 4.0-4.5 mm parietal-coccygeal length, the thyroid gland's rudiment is detected as a protrusion of the epithelium along the midline between the I and II pharyngeal pockets, which begins to lose contact with the oropharyngeal cavity in embryos of 5.5-6.0 mm parietal-coccygeal length. Subsequently, appear close interrelations between the thyroid gland's rudiment and the arterial trunk. As a result of the formation of new syntopic connections of the thyroid gland’s rudiment with the IV pharyngeal arteries and the lower nodes of the vagus nerves, the thyroid gland's rudiment takes the form of a grooved plate that grows and models along the primitive aortic arch and localizes between the right and left common carotid arteries. The rudiments of the thyroid glands appear in embryos of 6.0-8.0 mm parietal-coccygeal length in the form of epithelial protrusions of the dorsal part of the III and IV pharyngeal pockets, from which in the future the lower and upper parathyroid glands will be formed, respectively. The critical periods of the thyroid and parathyroid glands development on the early stages of human ontogenesis are: 5th week – a period of intensive formation of the rudiments of the thyroid and parathyroid glands, and 6th week – the formation of laryngeal cartilages and cellular structures of the neck
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Potemkin, Vitaly V., Vyacheslav V. Rakhmanov, Elena V. Ageeva, Aisa S. Alchinova, and Elena V. Meshveliani. "Meibomian gland dysfunction with involutional eyelids malposition." Ophthalmology journal 9, no. 1 (March 15, 2016): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ov915-12.

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The state of the ocular surface and visual functions depends on ocular adnexal tissues. Involutional changes of the eyelids and meibomian glands occur with age. There is a lack of information about possible relationship between involutional lower lid malposition and meibomian gland dysfunction. Purpose. To evaluate meibomian glands dysfunction in patients with lower eyelid malposition. Methods. Two groups of patients were enrolled: 26 patients (52 eyelids) with involutional lower eyelid malposition and a control group of 22 patients (44 eyelids) without eyelid malposition. Groups were comparable by age and sex. The clinical examination included general eye examination; evaluation of the degree of the eyelids laxity, signs of retractors dehiscence and clinical score of meibomian gland’s dysfunction (The International Workshop on Meibomian Gland Dysfunction, 2011). Results. Atonic eyelid changes and meibomian gland dysfunction were significantly more expressed in patients with involutional eyelid malposition (р < 0,05). Conclusion. Our study showed an age-independent clinical relationship between involutional lower eyelid malposition and dysfunction of meibomian glands.
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Zakrevska, M. V., and A. M. Tybinka. "Histological characteristics of accessory adrenal glands of rabbits with different types of autonomous tonus." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology 21, no. 93 (April 2, 2019): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9322.

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For the purposes of the adrenal gland’s study, 27 four months old male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) of Termond White breed were selected. Based on electrocardiography and variation pulsometry results, three types of autonomous tonus were determined in animals: sympathicotonia (ST), normotonia (NT) and parasympathicotonia (PS), which formed the basis for the division of animals into three groups. All rabbits were subjected to euthanasia and histological preparations were made from their adrenal glands. Apart from the main adrenal gland, accessory adrenal gland was detected in five purposes animals, including three ST rabbits, one NT rabbit and one PS rabbit. Also, four accessory adrenal glands were revealed in one ST rabbit simultaneously. In fact, these accessory adrenal glands became the main object of the further morphological research. The obtained historical indicators accessory adrenal glands were compared to the ones from various animal groups (CT with NT and CT with PS), as well as to the indicators of the main adrenal gland in each group. Statistical analysis of the received data was performed only in the group of ST animals. Accessory adrenal gland of ST rabbits is represented by two zones: zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata, the area of which is 52% and 48% respectively. In PS and NT rabbits, the glands are formed by zona glomerulosa only. Investigating the accessory adrenal gland’s cellular component, it was found that NT rabbits have the largest cell area in zona glomerulosa, while PS rabbits have the smallest one. At the same time, the area of nucleus has the largest values in ST animals and the smallest ones in PS animals likewise. Сomparing zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata in ST rabbits, it was found that cell size differs significantly, while the area of nucleus is almost identical. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in zona glomerulosa cells is the largest for PS rabbits. The smallest ratio values were detected among the NT rabbits. Obviously, ST rabbits occupy an intermediate position. Unlike the main adrenal gland, the cells of accessory adrenal gland are of a smaller size and а denser location of cells in all groups of animals. The conducted studies allow concluding that the typological features of the autonomous tonus affect the morphology of accessory adrenal gland.
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Михалевич М. М., Блищак Н. Б., and Борис Р. Я. "МАКРОАНАТОМІЯ ТА АНГІОАРХІТЕКТОНІКА ВЕЛИКИХ СЛИННИХ ЗАЛОЗ БІЛОГО ЩУРА." International Academy Journal Web of Scholar 1, no. 11(41) (November 30, 2019): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_wos/30112019/6804.

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Macroanatomy, topography of a large salivary glands of rats, the size and the functional mechanism are defined by the structural features of the skull and the cervical area, by the horizontal position of the rat’s body and by the features of functional purpose of the salivary glands. The morphological methods of research the large salivary glands of rats, proved that submandibular gland is located together with the large and small sublingual glands in the anterior region of the neck, the parotid gland is localized in the lateral region of the neck. The submandibular gland, the large and small sublingual glands are supplied by the facial artery, when the parotid gland is supplied by the temporal artery. A venous blood from the submandibular gland, the large and small sublingual glands is drained by sublingual vein and from the parotid gland- by the mandibular vein.
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Rajagopal, Thangavel, Ganesan Ramya Vaideki, Ganesan Saibaba, Ponnirul Ponmanickam, Shanmugam Achiraman, Swaminathan Rajanarayanan, Mohammad Abdulkader Akbarsha, and Govindaraju Archunan. "Histomorphological perspectives of preputial and clitoral glands of soft-furred field rat Millardia meltada." Acta Biologica Szegediensis 64, no. 2 (April 10, 2021): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/abs.2020.2.181-189.

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The present study was an attempt to understand the sexual dimor-phism of the integumentary scent glands of soft-furred field rat Millardia meltada from the perspectives of anatomy, morphology and histology with view to correlate with the sex-specific pheromones they produce. The scent gland of male is known as preputial gland, and female, the clitoral gland. The rats, that are agricultural pests were field caught, the glands of males and females of almost identical size were dissected out, and subjected to gravimetric, morphometric and histological analyses. Both glands are yellowish-brown, pear-shaped, and dorsoventrally compressed. The mean weight, length and width of preputial glands are significantly (p < 0.05) larger than that of the clitoral glands. The preputial gland is composed of sebaceous glandular lobules and apocrine glandular lobules whereas the clitoral gland is formed only of sebaceous glandular lobules. The sebaceous glandular lobules of both preputial and clitoral glands are filled with a wax-like material. Thus, the scent glands of the soft-furred male field rats exhibit sexual dimorphism in respect histoarchitecture of the glands and the nature of the secretory material. This sexual dimorphism of the scent glands may reflect control by male and female sex hormones impinging on specific roles as sex attractant pheromones.
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Sato, K., R. Leidal, and F. Sato. "Morphology and development of an apoeccrine sweat gland in human axillae." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 252, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): R166—R180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1987.252.1.r166.

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Evidence is presented that in adult human axillae there exists a third type of sweat gland tentatively designated as the apoeccrine sweat gland. This type of gland shows a segmental or diffuse apocrinelike dilatation of its secretory tubule but has a long and thin duct which does not open into a hair follicle. The electron microscopy of its dilated segment is often indistinguishable from that of the classical apocrine gland. The less remarkably dilated segment of the apoeccrine gland tends to retain intercellular canaliculi and/or dark cells. These apoeccrine glands are consistently present in adult human axillae regardless of sex or race. In the axillae of the two 6-yr-old subjects, both classical apocrine and eccrine glands were present but no apoeccrine glands were found. Between 8–14 yr of age, the number of large eccrine glands with or without partial segmental dilatation gradually increased. At 16–18 yr of age, the number of apoeccrine glands increased to as high as 45% of the total axillary glands. The data support the notion that apoeccrine glands develop during puberty in the axillae from eccrine or eccrinelike sweat glands.
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Winston, D. C., B. A. Schulte, J. R. Garrett, and G. B. Proctor. "Na+, K(+)-ATPase in cat salivary glands and changes induced by nerve stimulation: an immunohistochemical study." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 38, no. 8 (August 1990): 1187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/38.8.2164061.

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The enzyme Na+, K(+)-ATPase was localized immunohistochemically in major salivary glands of the cat before and after autonomic nerve stimulation. Immunostaining was limited to basolateral plasma membranes. Cells lining striated and excretory ducts contained abundant Na+, K(+)-ATPase and showed no changes with neural stimulation. Serous-type cells in resting glands varied in reactivity, showing weak to moderate staining intensity in the parotid gland and more uniform staining of greater intensity in the sublingual gland. In contrast, demilune cells in the resting submandibular gland showed little if any staining. Mucous-type cells were negative in all glands. Parasympathetic stimulation promoted a gradual increase in immunostaining of submandibular demilune cells, which became marked with time. Sympathetic stimulation produced no detectable changes in Na+, K(+)-ATPase immunoreactivity in any site. These results support the concept that basolateral Na+, K(+)-ATPase is essential to the formation of a near-isotonic primary saliva by serous-type cells. The mechanism whereby parasympathetic stimulation evokes a marked flow of submandibular saliva remains unexplained, but has now been shown to involve a marked increase in the immunoreactivity of Na+, K(+)-ATPase at the base of the gland's demilune cells.
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de Almeida, Pablo G., Flavia A. Felsemburgh, Rodrigo A. Azevedo, and Lycia de Brito-Gitirana. "Morphological re-evaluation of the parotoid glands of Bufo ictericus (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae)." Contributions to Zoology 76, no. 3 (2007): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-07603001.

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Multicellular glands in the amphibian integument represent a significant evolutionary advance over those of fishes. Bufonids have parotoid glands, symmetrically disposed in a post-orbital position. Their secretion may contribute to protection against predators and parasites. This study provides a re-evaluation of the morphology of the Bufo ictericus parotoid glands. The parotoid gland integument of the medial surface shows rounded depressions with small pores that connect with the duct openings of the larger granular glands. Under light microscopic evaluation the integument is constituted by typical epidermis, supported by dermis subdivided into a spongious dermis, a reticular dermis, and a compact dermis. The Eberth-Katschenko layer is identified as a basophilic material scattered throughout the superficial spongious dermis. The parotoid gland is an integument region, in which three exocrine glandular types occur: mixed glands, smaller granular glands and larger granular glands. The mixed gland is formed by mucous and serous cells while the small granular glands contain a homogene acidophilic intake. The larger granular glands produce a basophilic and alcianophilic material, and are responsible for the macroscopic protuberances designed as parotoid glands. Thus, the end product released by the parotoid glands is a mix of secretions produced by the three glands.
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Joo, Nam Soo, Jin V. Wu, Mauri E. Krouse, Yamil Saenz, and Jeffrey J. Wine. "Optical method for quantifying rates of mucus secretion from single submucosal glands." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 281, no. 2 (August 1, 2001): L458—L468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.2001.281.2.l458.

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We describe an optical method to quantify single- gland secretion. Isolated tracheal mucosa were mounted at the air-Krebs interface and coated with oil. Gland secretions formed spherical bubbles that were digitally imaged at intervals, allowing rates of secretion to be calculated. We monitored 340 glands in 54 experiments with 12 sheep. Glands secreted basally at low rates (0.57 ± 0.04 nl · min−1 · gland−1, 123 glands) in tissues up to 9 h postharvest and at lower rates for up to 3 days. Carbachol (10 μM) stimulated secretion with an early transient and a sustained or oscillating phase. Peak secretion was 15.7 ± 1.2 nl · min−1 · gland−1 (60 glands); sustained secretion was 4.5 ± 0.5 nl · min−1 · gland−1 (10 glands). Isoproterenol and phenylephrine (10 μM each) stimulated only small, transient responses. We confirmed that cats have a large secretory response to phenylephrine (11.6 ± 3.7 nl · min−1 · gland−1, 12 glands), but pigs, sheep, and humans all have small responses (<2 nl · min−1 · gland−1). Carbachol-stimulated peak secretion was inhibited 56% by bumetanide, 67% by HCO[Formula: see text] replacement with HEPES, and 92% by both. The distribution of secretion rates was nonnormal, suggesting the existence of subpopulations of glands.
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Xu, Wenjing, Mengqin Zhao, Lingxiao Tang, Ruoqing Ma, and Hong He. "Chemical Components of Dufour’s and Venom Glands in Camponotus japonicus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." Insects 14, no. 7 (July 24, 2023): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14070664.

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The Dufour’s and venom glands are the most developed glands connected to the female reproductive organs, playing important roles in defense, foraging, information exchange, and reproduction in ants. The main chemical secretions of these glands vary among species and even among castes of the same species. In this study, we analyzed the chemical components of the Dufour’s and venom glands in different castes of Camponotus japonicus (original worker, minor worker, major worker, gyne, and queen) using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) with two sample processing methods (hexane solution and solid-phase microextraction). The secretion of the Dufour’s gland is characterized by a high ratio of alkanes, with n-undecane being the dominant secretion in all castes except the original workers. The venom gland’s secretion mainly includes alkanes, acids, ketones, and alcohols, with formic acid and n-undecane being the dominant components. Additionally, the chemical composition and proportion of the main components vary significantly among castes, which may be closely related to the division of labor in their social life. This study provides basic information to further understand the function of these two glands in the social life of ants.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Glands"

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Ahn, Jae Suk. "Regulation of P2Y₂ nucleotide receptor expression in salivary glands." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3012944.

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Llupi, Matilda, and Rabije Qoku. "Expression of mucins in normal salivary glands and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19760.

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Mucoepidermoid carcinom (MEC) är en malign mucin-producerande tumör som förekommer i både stora och små spottkörtlar. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka histologiskt uttryck av muciner (MUC1, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC6) i MEC för att eventuellt hitta en korrelation mellan kvalitativt mucinuttryck och tumörgrad. Tolv låg- och fem höggradiga MEC och nio normala spottkörtlar intill tumörvävnad undersöktes med hjälp av immunohistokemi där proverna utvärderades med avseende på färgningsmönster och positivitet i specifika celltyper. Normala spottkörtelceller uttryckte främst cytoplasmatiskt mucin MUC5B. MUC1 och MUC4 uttrycktes i normala spottkörtelgångsceller i ungefär hälften av proverna medan MUC5AC uttryck var sällsynt i normala spottkörtlar. MEC:ar uttryckte MUC1, MUC4, MUC5AC och MUC5B. Den apikala delen av membranet i de bägarceller som omger cystiska hålrum visade den starkaste färgningen för MUC1 och MUC4. Uttryck av MUC4 i bägarceller minskade med ökad histologisk grad. Bägarcellers uttryck av MUC5B:s i låggradig MEC var mindre intensivt än uttrycket av MUC5AC i samma celler. Högre uttryck av MUC5B jämfört med MUC5AC noterades i höggradiga tumörer. Sammanfattningsvis uttrycker MEC olika mängd av muciner än normala spottkörtlar. MUC5AC:s uttryck i MEC verkar vara en metaplastisk funktion och MUC4 tycks relatera till tumörens differentieringsgrad. Förhållandet mellan MUC5AC och MUC5B uttryck skulle kunna vara ett användbart verktyg vid diagnostisering och prognosutvärdering av MEC.
Mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MECs) are malignant epithelial mucin-producing tumours encountered in both major and minor salivary glands. The aim of this study was to investigate the histological characteristics of the expression of mucins (MUC1, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC6) in MECs in search for a possible correlation between qualitative mucin expression and tumour grade. Twelve low-grade, five high-grade MECs and nine normal salivary glands adjacent to tumour tissue were investigated for these mucins by immunohistochemistry. The samples were evaluated with respect to staining pattern and positivity of specific cell types. Normal acinar cells mainly expressed the cytoplasmic mucin MUC5B. MUC1 and MUC4 were expressed in normal ductal cells in approximately half of the samples whereas MUC5AC expression was rare in normal salivary glands. MECs expressed MUC1, MUC4, MUC5AC and MUC5B. The apical membrane of mucous cells lining the cystic cavities showed the strongest staining for MUC1 and MUC4. The expression of MUC4 in mucous cells decreased with increasing histological grade. Expression of salivary mucin MUC5B in mucous cells in low-grade MECs was less intense compared to the expression of MUC5AC in the same cells. In high-grade tumours, a higher expression of MUC5B compared to MUC5AC was noted. In conclusion, MECs express different mucin quantity compared to normal salivary glands. MUC5AC expression in salivary tumour tissue seems to be a metaplastic feature and MUC4 appears to be related to tumour differentiation grade. The relationship between MUC5AC and MUC5B expression could be a useful tool in the diagnosis and estimation of prognosis of MECs.
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Bourdon, David M. "Serotonin receptors in mammalian salivary glands." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3012950.

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Dallal, Nadeem D. McArthur Carole. "An investigation of HIV in Cameroon exploring the link between risk-taking behavior, salivary hormones and AIDS; and delineating the effect of HIV-1-TAT on human salivary gland cells in an in vitro model of diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome /." Diss., UMK access, 2004.

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Thesis (M.S.)--School of Dentistry. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2004.
"A thesis in oral biology." Typescript. Advisor: Carole McArthur. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Feb. 23, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-91 ). Online version of the print edition.
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Newey, Paul J. "The role of the tumour suppressor proteins, parafibromin and menin, in endocrine tumourigenesis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711613.

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Dunér-Engström, Marianne. "On the role of peptides and classical transmitters in the regulation of salivary glands." Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29572365.html.

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Luts, Lena. "Neurohormonal modulators in the parathyroid gland localization and regulation /." Lund : Dept. of Physiology and Neuroscience, Section of Neuroendocrine Cell Biology, University of Lund, 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38987917.html.

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Sagulin, Gun-Britt. "Effects of calcium and calciotropic hormones on salivary gland function." Stockholm : Kongl. Carolinska Medico Chirurgiska Institutet, 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/20620549.html.

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Ustenko, R. L., N. L. Svintsitska, and A. A. Kobets. "Three-dimenional organization of the glands of peripheral zone of the human prostate gland." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31893.

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The work is a fragment of the Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian medical stomatological academy». The name of the research work is a «Structural and three-dimensional organization of the exocrine glands and organs of the human digestive tract in healthy and people patients». When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31893
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Van, Wyk Elizabeth Joy. "Pineal-adrenal gland interactions in search of an anti-stressogenic role for melatonin." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004115.

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The multiple functions of the pineal gland have been collectively interpreted as constituting a general anti-stressogenic role. The adrenal glands play a central role in maintaining homeostasis. The major neuroendocrine consequence of long-term stress is elevated circulating glucocorticoid levels. In this study, the effect of chronic, oral hydrocortisone treatment on pineal biochemistry was investigated in male Wi star rats of the albino strain. The results show that seven days of oral hydrocortisone treatment endows the pineal gland with the ability to increase melatonin synthesis in organ culture. The increase is accompanied by a rise in NAT activity, cyclic AMP levels and enhanced specific binding to the pineal B-adrenergic receptors. It appears that hydrocortisone sensitizes the pineal gland to stimulation by B-adrenergic agonists. thus rendering the pineal more responsive to B-adrenergic agonists. Further studies were directed at demonstrating an anti-stressogenic function for the pineal gland by investigating whether the principal pineal indole, melatonin. could protect against the deleterious effects of elevated. circulating drocortisone levels. The results show that chronic, oral hydrocortisone treatment significantly increases liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity. The catabolism of tryptophan by tryptophan pyrrolase is an important determinant of tryptophan availability to the brain, and therefore, brain serotonin levels. The findings show that melatonin inhibits basal and hydrocortisone-stimulated liver tryptophan pyrrolase apoenzyme activity in a dose-dependent manner. This inhibition suggests that melatonin may protect against excessive loss of tryptophan from circulation and against deficiencies in the cerebral serotinergic system which are associated with mood and behavioural disorders. It was shown that another deleterious effect of chronic hydrocortisone treatment is a significant increase in the number of glutamate receptors in the forebrain of male Wistar rats. The increase in receptor number observed in this study is probably due to an increase in the synthesis of glutamate receptors and is associated with a marked reduction in the affinity of the glutamate receptors for glutamate. possible to demonstrate an receptor number or the For practical reasons, it was not effect of melatonin on either glutamate affinity of glutamate receptors for glutamate in rat forebrain membranes. In view of the neurotoxic effect of glutamate in the eNS, the functional significance of recently described glutamate receptors in the pineal gland was investigated. The results show that 10-4 M glutamate significantly inhibits the isoprenaline-stimulated synthesis of N-acetylserotonin and melatonin in organ culture when the pineal glands were pre-incubated with glutamate for 4 hours prior to stimulation with isoprenalin and when glutamate and isoprenaline were administered together in vitro. GABA, a glutamate metabolite could not mimic the decrease in isoprenalinestimulated melatonin, and it is likely that the observed effects were directly attributed to glutamate. Incubation of the pineal gland with 10-4 M glutamate in organ culture did not affect HIOMT activity in pineal homogenates, but significantly elevated both basal and isoprenaline-stimulated NAT activity. It was concluded that glutamate only inhibits melatonin synthesis in intact pineal glands and not in pineal homogenates. The present study has provided further support for an interaction between the pineal and the adrenal glands. There is an ever increasing likelihood that melatonin is an anti-stressogenic hormone and that the pineal gland may have a protective role to play in the pathology of stress-related diseases.
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Books on the topic "Glands"

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1930-, Cady Blake, and Rossi Ricardo L, eds. Surgery of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1991.

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2

Webb, Susan M., Roger A. Hoffman, Manuel L. Puig-Domingo, and Russel J. Reiter, eds. Harderian Glands. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76685-5.

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Linos, Dimitrios, and Jon A. van Heerden, eds. Adrenal Glands. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b138213.

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Kalinin, Arian P., Alexey V. Pavlov, Yury K. Alexandrov, Irina V. Kotova, Yury N. Patrunov, and Sergey N. Pamputis. The Parathyroid Glands. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30873-4.

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S, Tucker A., and Miletich I, eds. Salivary glands: Development, adaptations, and disease. Basel: Karger, 2010.

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Kannan, C. R. The adrenal gland. New York: Plenum Medical Book Co., 1988.

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A, Livolsi Virginia, DeLellis Ronald A, and United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology., eds. Pathobiology of the parathyroid and thyroid glands. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1993.

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Randolph, Gregory. Surgery of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier, 2013.

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Jones, Thomas Carlyle, Ulrich Mohr, and Ronald Duncan Hunt, eds. Integument and Mammary Glands. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83749-4.

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Carlyle, Jones Thomas, Mohr U, and Hunt Ronald Duncan, eds. Integument and mammary glands. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Glands"

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Montagna, William, Albert M. Kligman, and Kay S. Carlisle. "Glands." In Atlas of Normal Human Skin, 225–99. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9202-6_7.

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Quay, W. B. "Glands." In Biology of the Integument, 188–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00989-5_10.

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Jönsson, Ann-Cathrine. "Glands." In Comparative Physiology and Evolution of the Autonomic Nervous System, 169–92. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315139807-5.

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Gold, Katherine G., and Tara Uhler. "Glands of Krause, Glands of Moll, Glands of Wolfring, Glands of Zeis." In Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35951-4_92-3.

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Gold, Katherine G., and Tara Uhler. "Glands of Krause, Glands of Moll, Glands of Wolfring, Glands of Zeis." In Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology, 809–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69000-9_92.

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Lew, Madelyn, and Judy Pang. "Exocrine Glands (Salivary Gland and Pancreas)." In Normal Cytology, 41–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20336-7_5.

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Hangay, George, Susan V. Gruner, F. W. Howard, John L. Capinera, Eugene J. Gerberg, Susan E. Halbert, John B. Heppner, et al. "Mandibular Glands." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2281. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_1700.

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Miller, Laura T., Lionel Stange, Charles MacVean, Jorge R. Rey, J. H. Frank, R. F. Mizell, John B. Heppner, et al. "Labial Glands." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2097. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_1927.

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Erk, J. U., P. Kann, U. Will, and M. Wittenberg. "Adrenal Glands." In Longitudinal Endosonography, 115–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59516-5_14.

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Skandalakis, Lee J., and John E. Skandalakis. "Adrenal Glands." In Surgical Anatomy and Technique, 635–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8563-6_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Glands"

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Lin, Zhiming, Jiawen Lin, and Li Li. "Automatic segmentation of glands in infrared meibomian gland image." In 2021 11th International Conference on Information Technology in Medicine and Education (ITME). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itme53901.2021.00086.

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Sell, U. "„Tubarial salivary glands“ – associated salivary gland carcinoma - A Case Report." In 100 JAHRE DGHNO-KHC: WO KOMMEN WIR HER? WO STEHEN WIR? WO GEHEN WIR HIN? Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1728912.

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Lee, Jieun, Vaishnavi K. Modi, Renisha Redij, Srikanth Gadam, Keerthy Gopalakrishnan, Anjali Rajagopal, Cadman L. Leggett, and Shivaram P. Arunachalam. "AI BASED GLAND DETECTION IN BARRETT’S ESOPHAGUS USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FOR CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY DEVICE." In 2023 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2023-1691.

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Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an advanced imaging modality to detect Barrett’s esophagus (BE) dysplasia, providing widefield, cross-sectional imaging and microscopic resolution. BE dysplasia is characterized under OCT by the presence and number of glandular structures with atypical morphology. Accurate detection and interpretation of BE glands under OCT is essential to detect dysplastic lesions. Object Detection using deep learning has the potential to identify glands from OCT images. We developed a YOLO model to identify the presence of glands in BE tissue. The YOLOv4 object detector was trained on a custom BE dataset of 30 patients with confirmed BE who underwent OCT imaging, of which 222 OCT images included at least one gland. Our model identified glands with a high average precision of 88.79% on the test dataset. We showed that the developed model is robust to rotation, brightness, and blur in images. We have implemented an object detection model to identify glands from OCT images with promising results accurately. This model has the potential to improve the diagnosis and surveillance of BE by eliminating human error and missed dysplastic lesions adaptable for capsule endoscopy applications.
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Yakovlev, Nikita, Alexander Vladimirovich Khvostikov, and Andrey Serdjevich Krylov. "Method for automatic initialization of trainable active contours for instance segmentation in histological images." In 33rd International Conference on Computer Graphics and Vision. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/graphicon-2023-598-608.

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The method of trainable active contour is one of the semi-automatic segmentation methods that can be applied to segment glands in histological images. In this paper, we propose a method for automatic initialization of trainable active contour model, which makes the segmentation method fully automatic. Using a U-Net like architecture, a preprocessed image segmentation masks is predicted for the input image, from which initial approximations of contours are calculated for each gland. The proposed method correctly marks 96.2 % part for the glands on the test set of the PATH-DT-MSU S1-v2 dataset. As a result, we get initial approximations located inside each gland in the image.
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Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan, and Filiz Ayanoglu. "Oil glands number and oil glands diameters of Thymbra spicata var. Spicata L. leaves." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.ii.14.

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In the study, a genetic pool was created with plant samples taken from the locations where the Thymbra spicata var. spicata L. plant, which is culturally and economically important, grows densely in the province of Hatay. Plants were propagated with cuttings taken from these single plants. 213 plants were collected from 68 different locations for the genetic pool. The leaves of the plants in this gene pool were examined in terms of the number of essential oil glands per unit area and the diameter of the essential oil glands. The number of glands per unit area in plant leaves showed a wide variation and ranged from 5.61 to 56.04 pieces/mm². The diameters of the oil glands varied between 75.40 - 112.86 µm and the average diameter was determined as 94.09 µm. In the study, it was determined that some plants with low essential oil ratios such as Z144 and Z158 also have low oil glands number and oil glands diameter. It would be appropriate to evaluate these values obtained as preliminary knowledge together with future ontogenetic variability studies.
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Litvinenko, L. M., S. V. Klochkova, and A. A. Bakhmet. "MAMMARY GLANDS AND CENTERS OF DIGESTION." In MODERN PROBLEMS IN SYSTEMIC REGULATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS. NPG Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24108/5-2019-confnf-49.

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Maehara, C. Y., R. Rakocevic, and D. H. Yu. "Salivary Glands in the Airway Anyone?" In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a2111.

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Ozgul, Etkin Baris, Cenk Sokmensuer, and Cigdem Gunduz-Demir. "Detection of colon glands using subgraph modeling." In 2011 IEEE 19th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2011.5929753.

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Peng, Yahui, Yulei Jiang, Laurie Eisengart, Mark A. Healy, Francis H. Straus, and Ximing J. Yang. "Segmentation of prostatic glands in histology images." In 2011 8th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2011.5872824.

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Koppes, Ryan A., Andrew K. Mason, Sarah B. Peters, Shayoni Ray, Melinda Larsen, and David T. Corr. "The Viscoelastic Properties of Mouse Embryonic Salivary Glands." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14600.

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Normal organ development, function, and repair are coordinated by interactions between the epithelium and the surrounding stromal cell populations. Cellular function and homeostasis are controlled by an array of chemical and physical cues originating from the cells themselves and from the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Both the endogenous cell population and ECM modulate and rely on the maintenance of basal level of tension within the tissue as a cue for growth and differentiation [1]. Furthermore, the loss of this tensional homeostasis is synonymous with many pathological conditions including; cancer, wound healing, and degenerative diseases [2].
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Reports on the topic "Glands"

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Lu, Dengwei, Enjie Tang, Supeng Yin, Yizeng Sun, Yuquan Yuan, Tingjie Yin, Zeyu Yang, and Fan Zhang. Intraoperative strategies in identification and functional protection of parathyroid gland for patients with thyroidectomy: A network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0109.

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Review question / Objective: To assess the roles of intraoperative visualization of parathyroid glands (IVPG) strategies including autofluorescence (AF), indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence and carbon nanoparticles (CN) in identification and functional protection of parathyroid glands (PGs). Condition being studied: The IVPG strategy is essential for intraoperative identification and functional protection of PGs in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. Recent studies have revealed that autofluorescence (AF), indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence, and carbon nanoparticles (CN) contribute to reducing the incidence of postoperative hypocalcemia by improving PGs identification(6-8). However, different IVPGs have respective superiority and inferiority in clinical application. Thus, this network meta-analysis aimed to systematically analyze the significance of IVPG strategy in identifying PGs and protecting their function.
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Daniel, Charles W. Homebox Genes in Normal, Preneoplastic, and Neoplastic Mammary Glands. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada370302.

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Daniel, Charles W. Homebox Genes in Normal, Preneoplastic, and Neoplastic Mammary Glands. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada346064.

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Daniel, Charles W. Homeobox Genes in Normal, Preneoplastic, and Neoplastic Mammary Glands. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391550.

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Shopova, Dobromira, Antonia Yaneva, Anna Mihaylova, Atanaska Dinkova, and Desislava Bakova. Unlocking the Future: Bioprinting Salivary Glands—From Possibility to Reality. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.5.0142.

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Hefetz, Abraham, and Gene Robinson. Hormonal and Pheromonal Regulation of Reproduction in the Bumble Bee Bombus terrestris. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568775.bard.

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Bombus terrestris constitute important pollinators of greenhouse crops. In Israel the species utilized is, whose colonies are reared commercially. This is a primitively social species with a particular colony development. It encompasses two social phases: a eusocial phase in which the queen dominates reproduction, and a competition phase in which workers compete with the queen for the parentage of males. These workers are distinguished by accelerated ovarian development, high production of JH, and elevated levels of dopamine in the brain. Queen-worker conflict is also manifested in overt aggression among all members of the nest. High aggression is correlated with dominance status of the bees and is also correlated with octopamine levels in the brain. After verifying that JH III is the only JH produced by the bees and validating the assay for its measurements (RCA & RIA), we used JH as an indicator of worker reproduction. Queens taken from colonies both before and after the competition phase were equally effective in inhibiting worker reproduction. Moreover, there is only a narrow window, around the competition point, in which workers may have the opportunity to initiate reproduction. Before that point they are inhibited by the dominant queen, while after that point both the queen and those workers with accelerated ovarian development exert strong inhibition on worker nest mates. Thus, "queen dominance deterioration" is not the primary cause in eliciting the queen-worker conflict. Queens convey their presence by means of a chemical signal that is extractable in organic solvent and that is normally spread on the cuticle. Total body extract and body washes, applied on dead virgin queens, were able to inhibit the release of JHin vitro in queenless workers. However, none of the prominent exocrine gland investigated mimicked this function. It is possible that the source of the putative pheromone is an unknown gland, or that it emanates from an assembly of glands. Chemical analyses of the prominent glands revealed a plethora of compounds the function of which should be further investigated. Understanding the social behavior of B. terrestris paves the way to facilitate colony manipulation and to adjust the colonies for specific pollination requirements.
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Wilkowski and Eiber. L51701 Determination of Clamp Repairable Leaks. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010113.

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Once a leak in a subsea pipeline has been located, there are several methods available to deal with it. These range in cost and difficulty from relaying the line to clamping. Clamping is obviously the quickest and least expensive method. However, there are not clear guidelines as to where clamp repair is applicable. The object of this project is to explore the limits of a dent which may be sealed by a clamp. This is to determine whether or not a particular dent can be sealed by the prototype clamp. This work was done with the aid of non-linear finite element analysis of a typical rubber seal using the ABAQUS program. The effect of various pipe ovalities was investigated relative to the clamps ability to provide active circumferential seal pressure. It was shown that initially the clamp circumferential seals gradually built hydrostatic pressure due to gland loading until the rubber traversed the gap distance between the clamp and pipe. Then the contact pressure increased at a rapid linear rate as the glands were tightened further.
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Haddad, Bassem R. Characterization of Early Genomic Changes in Mammary Glands in High Risk Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada409620.

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Dickson, Robert. Characterization of Early Genomic Changes in Mammary Glands of High Risk Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391200.

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Sanders, Larry. The Androgenic Glands of the Pacific Crayfish, Pacifastacus Leniusculus Trowbridgii Stimpson, 1859. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2387.

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