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1
Hsu, Chih Feng, and Pee Yew Lee. "Effect of Carbon-Nanotube Addition on Thermal Stability of Ti-Based Metallic Glass Composites." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 865–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.865.
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The preparation of Ti50Cu28Ni15Sn7 metallic glass composite powders was accomplished by the mechanical alloying of a pure Ti, Cu, Ni, Sn and carbon nanotube (CNT) powder mixture after 8 h milling. In the ball-milled composites, the initial CNT particles were dissolved in the Ti-based alloy glassy matrix. The thermal stability of the amorphous matrix is affected by the presence of the CNT particles. Changes in Tg and Tx suggest deviations in the chemical composition of the glassy matrix due to a partial dissolution of the CNT species in the amorphous phase. The bulk metallic glass composite was successfully prepared by vacuum hot pressing the as-milled CNT/ Ti50Cu28Ni15Sn7 metallic glass composite powders. A significant hardness increase with the CNT additions was observed for the consolidated composite compacts.
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Lee, Pee Yew, C. Lo, Jason S. C. Jang, and J. C. Huang. "Mg-Y-Cu Bulk Nanocrystalline Matrix Composites Containing WC Particles." Key Engineering Materials 313 (July 2006): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.313.25.
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The preparation of Mg49Y15Cu36 metallic glass composite powders was accomplished by mechanical alloying of pure Mg, Y, Cu, and WC powder mixture after 10 h milling. In the ball-milled composites, initial WC particles were homogeneously dispersed in the Mg-based alloy glassy matrix. The metallic glass composites powders were found to exhibit a large supercooled liquid region before crystallization. Bulk metallic glass composites were formed by vacuum hot pressing the as-milled WC/ Mg49Y15Cu36 metallic glass composite powders at 473 K in the pressure range of 0.72-1.20 GPa. BMG composite with submicron WC particles homogeneously embedded in a highly dense nanocrystalline/amorphous matrix was successfully prepared under pressure of 1.20 GPa. It was found that the applied pressure during consolidation could enhance the thermal stability and promotes nanocrystallization of WC/ Mg49Y15Cu36 BMG composites.
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Lee, J. K., H. J. Kim, Taek Soo Kim, Seung Y. Shin, and Jung Chan Bae. "Consolidation of Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.501.
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Bulk metallic glass (BMG) composites combining a Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 matrix with brass powders or Zr62Al8Ni13Cu17 metallic glass powders were fabricated by spark plasma sintering. The brass powders and Zr-based metallic glass powders added for the enhancement of plasticity are well distributed homogeneously in the Cu-based metallic glass matrix after consolidation. The matrix of the BMG composite remains as a fully amorphous structure after spark plasma sintering. The BMG composites show macroscopic plasticity after yielding, and the plastic strain increased to around 2% without a decrease in strength for the composite material containing 20 vol% Zr-based amorphous powders. The proper combination of strength and plasticity in the BMG composites was obtained by introducing a second phase in the metallic glass matrix.
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Sharma, Adit, Mikhail Zadorozhnyy, Andrey Stepashkin, et al. "Investigation of Thermophysical Properties of Zr-Based Metallic Glass-Polymer Composite." Metals 11, no. 9 (2021): 1412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11091412.
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Composites based on Zr65Cu17.5Ni10Al7.5 metallic glass (MG) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were prepared by ball milling. Different composites (30/70, 50/50 and 70/30) were produced. Samples for dynamic mechanical analysis and laser flash analysis were fabricated in the supercooled region of the metallic glass and viscous region of the polymer. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was performed at the supercooled region for the metallic glass powder. Characteristics such as thermal, mechanical, and structural properties were studied. A formation of the Zr2Cu and Zr2Ni intermetallic was found in the metallic glass after SPS. A formation of the nanocrystalline Zr2Cu was found in composite samples. Dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA) was used to study the mechanical behavior of the material. It was concluded that the 70/30-MG/PTFE composite sample had better thermal conductivity than the other composite samples. The thermal conductivity of the metallic glass was the highest among the samples and it increased with the MG content in composites.
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Dyana Merline, J., and C. P. Reghunadhan Nair. "Carbon / Epoxy Resin Based Elastic Memory Composites." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 14, no. 3 (2012): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj118.
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Elastic memory composites were processed from shape memory epoxy resins and carbon fabric reinforcements. Three different types of epoxies (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A, tris(4-glycidyloxy phenyl)methane, and epoxy novolac) were used as matrices. Developed composites were evaluated for flexural strength and analyzed by Dynamic Mechanical Thermal analysis. Of the three different epoxy systems with carbon: resin ratio of 50:50, the composite with diepoxy system exhibited maximum glass transition value of 119 °C, epoxy novalac system exhibited a low glass transition value of 54 °C and the tris epoxy system exhibited a glass transition of 100 °C respectively. The flexural strength and modulus of the composites were optimised at a concentration of 40 wt.%. The transition temperature also showed a maximum at around this composition. Bending test was adopted for the shape memory evaluation. All the developed composites exhibited more than 90% shape recovery. The diepoxy resin series of composites exhibited the maximum shape recovery of 97%. The shape recovery properties of the tris epoxy and epoxy novolac-based composites were inferior. For the diepoxy resin-based system, the shape recovery time was proportional to the resin content. The shape recovery of composite with 80% resin was demonstrated experimentally. The properties of the composites show that these systems have the required elastic memory characteristics for possible use in thermo-responsive self-deployable applications.
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Lichtenberg, Klaudia, and Kay André Weidenmann. "Mechanical Properties of AlSi12-Based Metal Matrix Composites with Layered Metallic Glass Ribbons." Key Engineering Materials 742 (July 2017): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.742.181.
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During the last years, several studies proved the high potential of metallic glasses to be used as reinforcements in lightweight alloys. Thereby, focus was mostly on particle reinforced composites or three-dimensional and omnidirectional glass arrays within the composite. Using a specific layered structure of the entire ribbons as reinforcement to design direction-dependent tailored properties is a novel approach. The composites in this study were produced by gas pressure infiltration of a layered stack of metallic glass ribbons. Ribbons of the metallic glass Ni60Nb20Ta20 were used as reinforcements and aluminum alloy AlSi12 as matrix. Mechanical tests like four point bending and tensile tests as well as elastic analysis using ultrasound phase spectroscopy (UPS) were performed to classify composite’s properties. Further, micro computed tomography (µCT) analysis and metallographic investigations were carried out on the four point bending samples after testing to reveal occurring damage mechanisms.
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Yang, Bo, Yanyun Mao, Yihui Zhang, Yi Wei, Wanshuang Liu, and Yiping Qiu. "Fast-curing halogen-free flame-retardant epoxy resins and their application in glass fiber-reinforced composites." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 18 (2018): 3700–3707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518819845.
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A series of novel fast-curing halogen-free flame-retardant epoxy resins were formulated and used to prepare glass fiber-reinforced composites. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the optimized epoxy system could be completely cured in 0.5 h at 150℃ and had a glass transition temperature ( Tg) of above 130℃. The optimized epoxy system was also used as matrix resin to make glass fiber prepregs and composite panels. The flame-retardant properties of the glass fiber-reinforced composites were investigated, including the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and flaming, smoke and toxicity properties. The glass fiber-reinforced composite had good flame retardancy with a UL-94 V-1 rating and high LOI of ∼36%. More significantly, the composite based on the flame-retardant epoxy resin showed lower smoke density compared with those based on phenolic resins. Finally, the glass fiber prepregs were used to fabricate honeycomb sandwich composites. The peel strength of the epoxy-based composites was almost twice that of the composites based on phenolic resin.
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Reihanian, M., M. Dashtbozorg, and SM Lari Baghal. "Fabrication of glass/carbon fiber-reinforced Al-based composites through deformation bonding." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 18 (2019): 2531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319833004.
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The goal of the present study is to fabricate the short fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites by accumulative roll bonding. Various mixtures of fibers including 100 glass, 95 glass/5 carbon and 80 glass/20 carbon (all in wt.%) were used as the reinforcement. In order to investigate the bonding quality at layer interface, the composites with various fiber mixtures were produced by cold roll bonding. The bonding strength of the composites under different processing conditions including the fiber mixture, reduction in thickness and post-rolling annealing was measured by the peeling test. The 95 glass/5 carbon mixture was used to fabricate the fiber-reinforced composite through accumulative roll bonding. The fiber distribution, tensile properties and wear behavior of the composite were investigated at various numbers of accumulative roll bonding cycle. It was found that during accumulative roll bonding, the fiber clusters were broken and fragmented into smaller pieces. Results showed that the tensile strength and wear resistance of the composite enhanced with increasing the number of accumulative roll bonding cycles.
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Karim, Nazmul, Minglonghai Zhang, Shaila Afroj, Vivek Koncherry, Prasad Potluri, and Kostya S. Novoselov. "Graphene-based surface heater for de-icing applications." RSC Advances 8, no. 30 (2018): 16815–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra02567c.
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We report a scalable process of making highly conductive graphene-based glass fibre rovings and their integration into a vacuum infused epoxy–glass fabric composite. We then demonstrate the potential use of as prepared composites for de-icing applications.
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Lichtenberg, Klaudia, Eric Orsolani-Uhlig, Ralf Roessler, and Kay André Weidenmann. "Influence of heat treatment on the properties of AlSi10Mg-based metal matrix composites reinforced with metallic glass flakes processed by gas pressure infiltration." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 30 (2017): 4165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317699867.
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The reinforcement of a soft matrix material with hard particles is an established strategy to develop materials with tailored properties. In this regard, using metallic glasses with high crystallization temperatures, e.g. in the system NiNbX (X = Sn, Ta), for composites produced by liquid metal infiltration is a novel approach. The current work deals with the characterization of such metallic glass particle-reinforced AlSi10Mg-based metal matrix composites manufactured by gas pressure infiltration. Processing–structure–property relations were investigated with a special focus on the influence of an additional heat treatment on the metal matrix composite’s properties. Metallographic methods were used to investigate infiltration quality, particle distribution within the composite and the composite’s microstructure. Moreover, X-ray diffraction measurements, elastic analysis using ultrasonic spectroscopy and compression tests were performed to analyze its properties. The X-ray diffraction results indicate that there is no crystallization of the glass during processing. Metallographic investigations show that the flakes are arranged in a layered structure within the composite. The embedding of metallic glass flakes leads to an increase in Young’s modulus and compressive strength in comparison to the unreinforced material. The composite’s strength can be further increased by a heat treatment.
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Hanif, Amjad, and Fazal Ghani. "Fracture Toughness of Resin Based Composites, Impregnated with Silver Nanoparticles and Bioactive Glass." Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 29, no. 04 (2020): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.25301/jpda.294.179.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect, on fracture toughness (KIc), of impregnating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and bioactive glass (BAG) in resin based composites (RBCs). METHODOLOGY: During the period from August 2016 to May 2018, this study was performed at Peshawar Dental College (Pakistan) and Montreal University (Canada), using; a commercial RBC and experimental RBCs with or without BAG content (5-15wt%), and AgNPs (0.009%). Standardized specimens (n=6) were made in each of five RBCs (G1-G5). AgNPs were synthesized and characterized by uv-vis spectroscopy. With universal testing machine, the KIc for RBCs specimens was computed. SEM and dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to assess the size and form of the prepared silica. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used for data analyses. RESULTS: KIc values varied both within and between RBCs groups. The commercial RBC had highest mean KIc (G1=1.03+0.24). Mean KIc values for the experimental RBCs were; G2=0.69±0.14, G3=0.9±0.13, G4=0.9±0.14 and G5=0.69±0.13. The only RBC groups that had statistically significant variations between their mean KIc values were; G1-G2 (p=0.017) & G1-G5 (p=0.017). SEM and DLS analysis of synthesized silica particles having round shape and sizes of 0.9-1µm. Uv-vis spectroscopy of AgNPs showed round shape with size up to 20nm. CONCLUSION: The KIc of the experimental RBCs with BAG (5-10 wt%) and AgNPs (0.009%) was not significantly different than the commercial RBC. KEYWORDS: Resin based composites, RBCs, Silver nanoparticles, AgNPs, Bioactive glass, BAG, Re-mineralizing resin based composite, Fracture toughness, KIc HOW TO CITE: Hanif A, Ghani F. Fracture toughness of resin based composites, impregnated with silver nanoparticles and bioactive glass. J Pak Dent Assoc 2020;29(4):179-184.
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Van der Laan, H. L., S. L. Zajdowicz, K. Kuroda, et al. "Biological and Mechanical Evaluation of Novel Prototype Dental Composites." Journal of Dental Research 98, no. 1 (2018): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034518795673.
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The breakdown of the polymeric component of contemporary composite dental restorative materials compromises their longevity, while leachable compounds from these materials have cellular consequences. Thus, a new generation of composite materials needed to be designed to have a longer service life and ensure that any leachable compounds are not harmful to appropriate cell lines. To accomplish this, we have developed concurrent thiol-ene-based polymerization and allyl sulfide–based addition-fragmentation chain transfer chemistries to afford cross-linked polymeric resins that demonstrate low shrinkage and low shrinkage stress. In the past, the filler used in dental composites mainly consisted of glass, which is biologically inert. In several of our prototype composites, we introduced fluorapatite (FA) crystals, which resemble enamel crystals and are bioactive. These novel prototype composites were benchmarked against similarly filled methacrylate-based bisphenol A diglycidyl ether dimethacrylate / triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (bisGMA/TEGDMA) composite for their cytotoxicity, mechanical properties, biofilm formation, and fluoride release. The leachables at pH 7 from all the composites were nontoxic to dental pulp stem cells. There was a trend toward an increase in total toughness of the glass-only-filled prototype composites as compared with the similarly filled bisGMA/TEGDMA composite. Other mechanical properties of the glass-only-filled prototype composites were comparable to the similarly filled bisGMA/TEGDMA composite. Incorporation of the FA reduced the mechanical properties of the prototype and bisGMA/TEGDMA composite. Biofilm mass and colony-forming units per milliliter were reduced on the glass-only-filled prototype composites as compared with the glass-only-filled bisGMA/TEGDMA composite and were significantly reduced by the addition of FA to all composites. Fluoride release at pH 7 was greatest after 24 h for the bisGMA/TEGDMA glass + FA composite as compared with the similarly filled prototypes, but overall the F- release was marginal and not at a concentration to affect bacterial metabolism.
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Abd El-baky, MA, MA Attia, MM Abdelhaleem, and MA Hassan. "Mechanical characterization of hybrid composites based on flax, basalt and glass fibers." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 27 (2020): 4185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320928509.
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An experimental study on tensile, flexural and impact properties of flax-basalt-glass reinforced epoxy hybrid composites is presented in this paper. Test specimens were fabricated by vacuum bagging process. The effects of reinforcement hybridization, fiber relative amounts and stacking sequence on the mechanical properties were investigated. Morphological studies of the fabricated and fractured surfaces through thickness were performed using scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that the developed hybrid composites display enhanced tensile, flexural and impact performance as compared with flax reinforced epoxy composite. The flexural strength increases when partial laminas from flax/epoxy laminate are replaced by basalt/epoxy and/or glass/epoxy laminas. Also, it is realized that incorporating high-strength fibers, i.e. glass or basalt, to the outer layers of the composite leads to higher flexural resistance, whilst the opposite was noticed for tensile properties. The fabricated hybrids were found to have economical and specific mechanical properties benefits. Fiber-relative amounts and stacking sequence have great effects on the mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of hybrid laminates are proven to be highly dependent on the position of the flax layers within the hybrid composite. The Hybridization with basalt and/or glass fibers is an effective method for enhancing the mechanical properties of flax/epoxy composites.
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Attia, MA, MA Abd El-baky, and AE Alshorbagy. "Mechanical performance of intraply and inter-intraply hybrid composites based on e-glass and polypropylene unidirectional fibers." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 3 (2016): 381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316644972.
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The aims of this study are to design, fabricate and investigate the mechanical properties of new hybrid composite laminates made from polypropylene-glass unidirectional fibers and epoxy matrix. Specimens were fabricated following the hand lay-up technique in intraply and inter-intraply configurations. Results are presented regarding the tensile, flexural, in-plane shear and interlaminar shear behaviors of fabricated composites with particular consideration of the effects of the plies stacking sequence and hybrid configuration. The experimental results reveal that the mechanical properties of polypropylene/epoxy composite can be effectively improved by the incorporation of glass fiber through the formation of either intraply or inter-intraply hybrid composites. With a proper choice of the hybrid configuration and the plies stacking sequence, the fabricated hybrid composites achieved property profiles close to those of homogeneous glass reinforced laminate in terms of specific properties. Resistance of the intraply hybrid composite to tensile and flexural loadings is higher than inter-intraply hybrid composites. On the other hand, the highest in-plane and interlaminar shear strengths are associated with the inter-intraply hybrid composite with glass fiber core. Additionally, an analytical analysis was also introduced to provide a good correlation with the experimental data, which give an insight on the ideal plies stacking sequence to achieve the required properties.
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Lee, Myung Hyun, J. H. Kim, J. S. Park, Won Tae Kim, and Do Hyang Kim. "Development of Ni-Nb-Ta Metallic Glass Particle Reinforced Al Based Matrix Composites." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3427.
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Metallic glass particle reinforced Al-6.5Si-0.25Mg (wt%) alloy matrix composites have been fabricated using infiltration casting process. The Al-Si-Mg alloy melt infiltrates into the porous Ni-Nb-Ta metallic glass pre-form by applying the pressure. The Ni60Nb20Ta20 metallic glass particles are homogeneously distributed in the matrix. The composite exhibits higher yield strength than the monolithic Al-6.5Si-0.25Mg (wt%) alloy.
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Hassan, MR, MA Gafur, AA Rana, et al. "Characterization of jute and glass fiber reinforced polyester based hybrid composite In this research." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 51, no. 2 (2016): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v51i2.28088.
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In this research work an attempt is made to fabricate a hybrid composite material with hessian cloth (natural fiber) and glass fiber (synthet ic fiber) in polyester matrix using hand lay-up process and testing was performed by ASTM standards. Main objective of this research work is to investigate the effects of use of natural fiber in the composite material with the synthetic fiber. Experimental results revealed that hybridization of composite with natural and synthetic fibers shows promising tensile strength, flexural strength and hardness. Among the hybrid composites one with the composition of three layers of glass fibers and two layers of hessian cloth (jute fiber) showed highest ten sile strength and flexural strength which were found 104.63 MPa and 134.65 MPa respectively. Water absorption was high in composites having higher hessian cloth content than glass fiber. Composite with high glass fiber content showed high hardness which was 39.9 HV.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(2), 81-88, 2016
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Dudina, Dina V., Boris B. Bokhonov, Igor S. Batraev, et al. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Composites Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering of Al–Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 Metallic Glass Powder Mixtures." Metals 11, no. 9 (2021): 1457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11091457.
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At present, metallic glasses are evaluated as alternative reinforcements for aluminum matrix composites. These composites are produced by powder metallurgy via consolidation of metallic glass-aluminum powder mixtures. In most studies, the goal has been to preserve the glassy state of the reinforcement during consolidation. However, it is also of interest to track the structure evolution of these composites when partial interaction between the matrix and the metallic glass is allowed during sintering of the mixtures. The present work was aimed to study the microstructure and mechanical properties of composites obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS) of Al-20 vol.% Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 metallic glass mixtures and compare the materials, in which no significant interaction between the matrix and the Fe-based alloy occurred, with those featuring reaction product layers of different thicknesses. Composite materials were consolidated by SPS at 540 and 570 °C. The microstructure and mechanical properties of composites obtained by SPS and SPS followed by forging, composites with layers of interfacial reaction products of different thicknesses, and metallic glass-free sintered aluminum were comparatively analyzed to conclude on the influence of the microstructural features of the composites on their strength.
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Sooksaen, Pat, Natyada Pengsuwan, Sittipong Karawatthanaworrakul, and Surasak Pianpraditkul. "Formation of Porous Apatite Layer during In Vitro Study of Hydroxyapatite-AW Based Glass Composites." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/158582.
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This research discussed the fabrication, characterization, and in vitro study of composites based on the mixture of hydroxyapatite powder and apatite-wollastonite (AW) based glass. AW based glass was prepared from the SiO2-CaO-MgO-P2O5-CaF2glass system. This study focuses on the effect of composition and sintering temperature that influences the properties of these composites. Microstructural study revealed the formation of apatite layer on the composite surfaces when immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution at 37°C. Composites containing ≥50 wt% AW based glass showed good bioactivity after 7 days of immersion in the SBF. A porous calcium phosphate (potentially hydroxycarbonate apatite, HCA) layer formed at the SBF-composite interface and the layer became denser at longer soaking period, for periods ranging from 7 to 28 days. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis showed that early stage of soaking occurred with the release of Ca and Si ions from the composites and the decrease of P ions with slow exchange rate.
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Li, Zhaoqing, Wangbing Zhou, Lei Yang, et al. "Glass Fiber-Reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Resin-Based Electrical Insulating Composites Fabricated by Selective Laser Sintering." Polymers 11, no. 1 (2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11010135.
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In this study, glass fiber (GF)/phenol formaldehyde resin (PF)/epoxy resin (EP) three-phase electrical insulating composites were fabricated by selective laser sintering (SLS) additive manufacturing technology and subsequent infiltration. In the three-phase composites, glass fibers modified by a silane coupling agent (KH-550) were used as reinforcements, phenol formaldehyde resin acted as the binder and matrix, and infiltrated epoxy resin was the filler. Mechanical and electrical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength, dielectric constant, electrical conductivity, and electric breakdown strength of the GF/PF/EP three-phase composite parts were investigated. The results indicated that after being infiltrated with EP, the bending strength and tensile strength of the GF/PF/EP composites increased by 30% and 42.8%, respectively. Moreover, the flexural strength and tensile strength of the GF/PF/EP composite increased with the increase of the glass fiber content. More importantly, the three-phase composites showed high electrical properties. Significant improvement in the dielectric constant, electric breakdown strength, and resistivity with the increase in the content of glass fiber was observed. This enables the prepared GF/PF/EP composites to form complex structural electrical insulation devices by SLS, which expands the materials and applications of additive manufacturing technology.
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Demircan, Ozgur. "Initial and final fracture behaviors of woven fabric composites." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 23, no. 2 (2016): 161–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2014-0178.
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AbstractWithin the scope of the experiments, the initial and final fracture behaviors in glass roving and glass cloth composites were investigated. After the production of two types of composite panels with the hand lay-up method, tensile and three-point bending tests on composites were conducted. Acoustic emission (AE) and optical microscopy (cross-sectional observation) analyses based on the various strain rates in bending tests were performed to see the fracture initiation and propagation in composites. The initial fractures were transverse cracks in the glass roving composites; these were delaminations in glass cloth composites. The final fractures were transverse cracks, delaminations, and fiber breakages in glass roving and glass cloth composites. In this study, the fracture process and mechanisms of glass roving and glass cloth composites were successfully identified by AE characteristics and cross-sectional observations.
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Pekmezci, Bekir Y., Egemen Arabaci, and Cenk Ustundag. "Freeze-Thaw Durability of Lime Based FRCM Systems for Strengthening Historical Masonry." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.174.
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In recent years, FRCM systems have become a preferred strengthening system in reinforced concrete structures together with masonry structures. The most important factor in the choice of FRCM as a strengthening system is its compatibility with concrete or masonry substrates. In addition, high fire resistance is an important factor in their preference. The components of FRCM composites are known to have high durability separately. However, the durability of composites, composed of a combination of fabric and matrices is still a matter of no detailed reported knowledge. In this experimental study, the durability properties of FRCM composites with lime matrix reinforced with glass and glass-polypropylene hybrid fabrics were investigated. Composite samples were subjected to tensile and bending tests before and after freeze thaw cycles. Load-deformation relations were obtained. As a result of the experimental study, the following results can be drawn: Following freeze thaw cycles, reduction in the bending and tensile performances of the biaxial glass fabric reinforced composite samples as well as matrix samples were obtained. A significant decrease of deformation capability was determined for biaxial glass fabric reinforced matrices and plain matrix.
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Nayak, Suhas Yeshwant, Srinivas Shenoy Heckadka, Anil Baby, Rashmi Samant, and K. Rajath Shenoy. "Influence of bio-filler on the mechanical properties of glass/nylon fibre reinforced epoxy based hybrid composites." Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 21, no. 3 (2021): 631–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jcm-200048.
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Studies on bio-fillers addition to polymer composites is gaining momentum as it is an effective substitute for core reinforcements, leading to cost reduction in manufacturing composites and enhanced composite performance. The present study utilizes plain E-glass and nylon fibre woven mats as reinforcements with treated broiler egg shell as a filler for developing the composites. Composite laminates were fabricated with varying filler contents. Composites were characterized for tensile, flexural and impact strength. Scanning electron microscopy was carried out to observe the fibre matrix interactions. Results showed a decline in tensile and flexural properties mainly due to weak interfacial bonding while an improvement in resistance to impact loading was observed in Glass Fibre (GF), Nylon Fibre(NF) and Hybrid Composites (HC) with the addition of filler material.
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Tepikina, Anna V., and Svetlana G. Vlasova. "Inorganic Composites Luminophors in Lithium-Borate Glasses with Rare-Earth Elements for White-Emitting Diodes." Defect and Diffusion Forum 410 (August 17, 2021): 764–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.410.764.
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The paper describes the synthesis of novel luminescent composite system, based on lithium-borate glass matrix with addition of rare-earth elements and yttrium-aluminum garnet finely divided powder. The new chemical composition of glass has been selected, composite’s fabrication technology was developed, the temperature conditions of glass and luminophore sintering as well. The spectral characteristics of the obtained luminescent composites are measured, and chromaticity diagrams are considered. The radiation spectra showed a maximum of about 560 nm, the maximum spectral intensity of the radiation is about 90 μw/cm2/nm. Powerful energy saving source of white light was produced.
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Lee, J. K., H. J. Kim, Taek Soo Kim, and Jung Chan Bae. "Plasticity in Bulk Metallic Glass Composites Containing Dual Amorphous Phases." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 2026–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.2026.
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Bulk metallic glass (BMG) composites with dual amorphous phases were fabricated by spark plasma sintering of a mixture of Cu-based and Zr-based amorphous powders in their overlapped supercooled liquid region. The Zr-based amorphous phases are well distributed homogeneously in the Cu-based metallic glass matrix after consolidation. The BMG composite still remains as an amorphous structure after consolidation. The BMG composite with dual amorphous phases shows macroscopic plasticity after yielding, and the plastic strain increased to around 3.4% in the BMG composite containing 30 vol% Zr-based amorphous phase. The successful consolidation of BMG composite with enhanced plasticity was achieved by introducing a second amorphous phase in the metallic glass matrix.
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Sharma, Adit, Alexey Kopylov, Mikhail Zadorozhnyy, et al. "Mg-Based Metallic Glass-Polymer Composites: Investigation of Structure, Thermal Properties, and Biocompatibility." Metals 10, no. 7 (2020): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10070867.
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In this work, the biomedical applicability and physical properties of magnesium-based metallic glass/polycaprolactone (PCL) composites are explored. The composites were fabricated via mechanical alloying and subsequent coextrusion. The coextrusion process was carried out at a temperature near to the supercooled liquid region of the metallic glass and the viscous region of the polymer. The structures, as well as thermal and mechanical properties of the obtained samples were characterized, and in vivo investigations were undertaken. The composite samples possess acceptable thermal and mechanical properties. Tensile tests indicate the ability of the composites to withstand more than 100% deformation. In vivo studies reveal that the composites are biologically compatible and could be promising for biomedical applications.
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Lyyra, Inari, Katri Leino, Terttu Hukka, Markus Hannula, Minna Kellomäki, and Jonathan Massera. "Impact of Glass Composition on Hydrolytic Degradation of Polylactide/Bioactive Glass Composites." Materials 14, no. 3 (2021): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030667.
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Understanding the degradation of a composite material is crucial for tailoring its properties based on the foreseen application. In this study, poly-L,DL-lactide 70/30 (PLA70) was compounded with silicate or phosphate bioactive glass (Si-BaG and P-BaG, respectively). The composite processing was carried out without excessive thermal degradation of the polymer and resulted in porous composites with lower mechanical properties than PLA70. The loss in mechanical properties was associated with glass content rather than the glass composition. The degradation of the composites was studied for 40 weeks in Tris buffer solution Adding Si-BaG to PLA70 accelerated the polymer degradation in vitro more than adding P-BaG, despite the higher reactivity of the P-BaG. All the composites exhibited a decrease in mechanical properties and increased hydrophilicity during hydrolysis compared to the PLA70. Both glasses dissolved through the polymer matrix with a linear, predictable release rate of ions. Most of the P-BaG had dissolved before 20 weeks in vitro, while there was still Si-BaG left after 40 weeks. This study introduces new polymer/bioactive glass composites with tailorable mechanical properties and ion release for bone regeneration and fixation applications.
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Xie, Guo Qiang, Dmitri V. Louzguine-Luzgin, Mikio Fukuhara, and Akihisa Inoue. "Bulk Metallic Glassy Composites with Excellent Electrical Conductivity and Enhanced Plasticity Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.197.
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Large-size Ni-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) composite samples exhibiting simultaneously high strength, enhanced plasticity and improved conductivity were produced by spark plasma sintering of mixed glassy powder blended with high-conductive Cu particulates. This opens new possibilities for the applications of the BMG composites as functional and structural materials.
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Hamid, Sami, and Abhishek Thakur. "Investigating Mechanical Properties of Carbon Glass Jute Fiber based Composite." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 06 (2021): 923–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/05346.
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Hybrid composites are made by combining natural and synthetic fibers with an effective matrix, which usually means they’ve received additional strengthening, such as epoxy, to create the additional material properties you can’t obtain on their own. To attain the desirable tensile modulus, compressive modulus, and so on, a fiber composite needs to be added to the FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer). Polymer matrix composites are light and cost-effective to manufacture, but they still friendly to the environment and have viable applications, which is why they are often used in various commercial applications. Unidirectional fibers and bidirectionally reinforced with epoxy (SikaDur is a composite medium) carbon fibers are two-way reinforced with unidirectional (use unidirectional) Before we developed test procedures for preparing the test specimens, the testing lab implemented the layup method according to ASTM standards. Ten separate stacking sequences were tested and four different intensity sequences were used in testing the compressive structures according to ASTM D15. The results of the study indicate that hybridization helps natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites to increase their mechanical properties We would use natural fibers rather than synthetic ones since the natural ones make comparable strength when hybridized with synthetic ones.
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Fayzullin, Ilnur Z., Ildar N. Musin, Svetoslav Isaakovich Volfson, and Anton A. Nikiforov. "Glass-Filled Wood-Polymer Composites Based on Polypropylene." Key Engineering Materials 816 (August 2019): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.816.197.
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This paper describes the study on the influence of glass spheres on physicochemical and service properties of wood-polymer composites (WPC) based on polypropylene. The main objective of doping WPC with glass spheres was to reduce density of composites maintaining their service properties.
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Bartusch, Birgit, Frank Schurack, and Jürgen Eckert. "High Strength Magnesium-based Glass Matrix Composites." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 43, no. 8 (2002): 1979–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.43.1979.
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Lee, Min Ha, and Daniel J. Sordelet. "Shear localization of nanoscale W in metallic glass composites." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 2 (2006): 492–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0059.
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High-density tungsten/metallic glass composites were fabricated by warm extrusion of two different powders. The first powder was a physical blend of −45 μm tungsten and Hf-based metallic glass powders and produced a relatively coarse distribution of tungsten particles within a continuous metallic glass matrix. The second powder was synthesized by mechanical milling the −45 μm tungsten and Hf-based metallic glass powders into composite particles composed of 20–500-nm layers of tungsten and metallic glass. The amorphous structure of the starting glass powders did not change during milling. Some macroscopic plasticity during compression testing was observed due to the formation of multiple shear bands at the interface between the coarse tungsten particles and the metallic glass matrix in the composite produced from blended powders. In contrast, shear localization without a decrease in strength occurred uniformly throughout the nano-grained tungsten and metallic glass phases in the sample obtained from extruded composite powders.
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Suárez, Luis, Jessica Castellano, Sara Díaz, Abbas Tcharkhtchi, and Zaida Ortega. "Are Natural-Based Composites Sustainable?" Polymers 13, no. 14 (2021): 2326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142326.
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This paper assesses the aspects related to sustainability of polymer composites, focusing on the two main components of a composite, the matrix and the reinforcement/filler. Most studies analyzed deals with the assessment of the composite performance, but not much attention has been paid to the life cycle assessment (LCA), biodegradation or recyclability of these materials, even in those papers containing the terms “sustainable” (or its derivate words), “green” or “eco”. Many papers claim about the sustainable or renewable character of natural fiber composites, although, again, analysis about recyclability, biodegradation or carbon footprint determination of these materials have not been studied in detail. More studies focusing on the assessment of these composites are needed in order to clarify their potential environmental benefits when compared to other types of composites, which include compounds not obtained from biological resources. LCA methodology has only been applied to some case studies, finding enhanced environmental behavior for natural fiber composites when compared to synthetic ones, also showing the potential benefits of using recycled carbon or glass fibers. Biodegradable composites are considered of lesser interest to recyclable ones, as they allow for a higher profitability of the resources. Finally, it is interesting to highlight the enormous potential of waste as raw material for composite production, both for the matrix and the filler/reinforcement; these have two main benefits: no resources are used for their growth (in the case of biological materials), and fewer residues need to be disposed.
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Cuong, Cao Xuan. "PREPARATION OF POLYMER COMPOSITES BASED ON UNSATURATED POLYESTER REINFORCED BY NATURAL FIBER AND CELLULOSE MICROFIBER FROM LUNG WASTE IN NGHE AN." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 2C (2018): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/2c/11862.
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Unsaturated polyester composites reinforced by glass fiber and by hybrid reinforcementglass fiber - lung fiber with cellulose microfiber (MFC) were prepared and investigated. Tensileand flexural strengths of material reached the highest value at polymer composite with 48 %wglass fiber mat and 0.3 %w MFC (208.33 MPa and 243.6 0 MPa), while the highest impactstrength reached 212.48 kJ/m2 at composite containing 48 %w glass fiber but 0.5 %w MFC.Especially, with 0.3 %w MFC, the tensile fatigue cycle to failure of composite processed byvacuum bag remarkably increased, 140.28 % at composite with 48 %w glass fiber and 265.63 %at hybrid composite reinforced by glass fiber/lung fiber, compared to samples without MFC.
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Hernández-Díaz, David, Ricardo Villar-Ribera, Ferran Serra-Parareda, et al. "Technical and Environmental Viability of a Road Bicycle Pedal Part Made of a Fully Bio-Based Composite Material." Materials 14, no. 6 (2021): 1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14061399.
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Glass fibre is the most widely used material for reinforcing thermoplastic matrices presently and its use continues to grow. A significant disadvantage of glass fibre, however, is its impact on the environment, in particular, due to the fact that glass fibre-reinforced composite materials are difficult to recycle. Polyamide 6 is an engineering plastic frequently used as a matrix for high-mechanical performance composites. Producing polyamide monomer requires the use of a large amount of energy and can also pose harmful environmental impacts. Consequently, glass fibre-reinforced Polyamide 6 composites cannot be considered environmentally friendly. In this work, we assessed the performance of a road cycling pedal body consisting of a composite of natural Polyamide 11 reinforced with lignocellulosic fibres from stone-ground wood, as an alternative to the conventional glass fibre-reinforced Polyamide 6 composite (the most common material used for recreational purposes). We developed a 3D model of a pedal with a geometry based on a combination of two existing commercial choices and used it to perform three finite-element tests in order to assess its strength under highly demanding static and cyclic conditions. A supplementary life cycle analysis of the pedal was also performed to determine the ecological impact. Based on the results of the simulation tests, the pedal is considered to be mechanically viable and has a significantly lower environmental impact than fully synthetic composites.
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WANG, H., H. M. FU, H. F. ZHANG, and Z. Q. HU. "IN-SITU Cu-BASED BULK METALLIC GLASS COMPOSITES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 25n27 (2006): 3963–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206040696.
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Cu -based bulk metallic glasses are of relative low cost and high strength. They have more potential to be used as engineering materials. However, the lack of ductility has largely limited their applications. In the last few years, attempts have been made to form Cu -based BMG composites with two-phase microstructure to improve the ductility of BMGs, including extrinsic composites, in-situ composites and nanocrystalline composites. In this paper, two in-situ BMG composites have been successfully prepared with TiC and Ti 2 B particles respectively in-situ formed in the Cu -based BMG matrix. After the introduction of the TiC and Ti 2 B particles, besides of the lineal increase of hardness, the materials exhibit significant plasticity.
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Coterlici, Radu Francisc, Virgil Geamăn, Irinel Radomir, and Mihai Alin Pop. "Green Composites Based on Kenaf Fibers." Advanced Engineering Forum 13 (June 2015): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.13.15.
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Natural fibers have recently become attractive to automotive industry as an alternative reinforcement for glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics. The best way to increase the fuel efficiency without sacrificing safety is to employ fiber reinforced composite materials in the body of the cars so that weight reduction can be achieved. The latest thermo plastic developments have resulted in higher material properties and more possibilities in the design of bumper beams. However the use of steel, aluminum, glass thermoplastics, sheet metal components, bumpers becomes at higher cost than long fiber reinforced thermoplastics.
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Lin, Hong Ming, Giin Shan Chen, and Pee Yew Lee. "Microstructure and Properties of Vacuum Hot-Pressing SiC/ Ti-Cu-Ni-Sn Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Key Engineering Materials 351 (October 2007): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.351.26.
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In the present study, Ti50Cu28Ni15Sn7 metallic glass and its composite powders reinforced with 4~12 vol% of SiC additions were successfully prepared by mechanical alloying. The as-milled Ti50Cu28Ni15Sn7 and composite powders were then consolidated by vacuum hot pressing into disc compacts with a 10 mm diameter and thickness of 2 mm. The structure of the as-milled powders and consolidated compacts was characterized by X-ray diffraction. While the thermal stability was examined by differential scanning calorimeter. In addition, the mechanical property of the consolidated bulk metallic glass and its composite was evaluated by Vickers microhardness tests. In the ball-milled composites, initial SiC particles were homogeneously dispersed in the Ti-based alloy glassy matrix. The presence of SiC particles did not dramatically change the thermal stability of Ti50Cu28Ni15Sn7 glassy powders. BMG composite with submicron SiC particles homogeneously embedded in a highly dense nanocrystalline/amorphous matrix was successfully prepared. A significant hardness increase with SiC additions was noticed for consolidated composite compacts.
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Cheung, Hoi Yan, and Alan Kin Tak Lau. "Mechanical Performance of Silk-Based Structural Composites." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.457.
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With the strong emphasis on environmental awareness, it has brought much attention in the development of recyclable and environmentally sustainable composite materials since the last decade. Environmental legislation as well as consumer demand in many countries is increasing the pressure on manufacturers of materials and end-products to consider the environmental impact of their products at all stages of their life cycle, including recycling and ultimate disposal. Silk fibers, spun out from silkworm cocoons, consist of a fibroin core surrounded by a protein layer called "sericin", and these fibers are biodegradable and highly crystalline. It has been known that these fibers have higher tensile strength and are more predictable in failure than glass and synthetic organic fibers. Recently, few preliminary studies have reported that the use of these silks, as microreinforcements to replace un-recyclable carbon and glass fibers for polymeric-based structural composite materials can enhance their mechanical and thermal properties, with reducing the amount of un-decomposable wastes and pollutants. In this paper, the mechanical properties of silk-based epoxy composites formed by different controlled manufacturing parameters are elaborately studied.
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Castro, Moara M., Debora R. Lopes, Renata B. Soares, et al. "Magnesium-Based Bioactive Composites Processed at Room Temperature." Materials 12, no. 16 (2019): 2609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12162609.
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Hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass particles were added to pure magnesium and an AZ91 magnesium alloy and then consolidated into disc-shaped samples at room temperature using high-pressure torsion (HPT). The bioactive particles appeared well-dispersed in the metal matrix after multiple turns of HPT. Full consolidation was attained using pure magnesium, but the center of the AZ91 disc failed to fully consolidate even after 50 turns. The magnesium-hydroxyapatite composite displayed an ultimate tensile strength above 150 MPa, high cell viability, and a decreasing rate of corrosion during immersion in Hank’s solution. The composites produced with bioactive glass particles exhibited the formation of calcium phosphate after 2 h of immersion in Hank’s solution and there was rapid corrosion in these materials.
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Zhou, Hao, Qing Meng Zhang, Qun Tang, Hang Cui, Yao Hua Xu, and Jun Du. "Effect of the Difference in Dielectric Constant of the Phases on Dielectric Property of the Composites." Materials Science Forum 814 (March 2015): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.814.137.
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The composites have a great use in practical application. In common, the phases in composite have different relative dielectric constant and in order to reveal how the phases with different permittivity affect the composite’s dielectric properties, the experiments were carried out using inorganic and organic composite with different dielectric constant phases to make that clear. The barium niobate-based SiO2system glass–ceramic and fillers-epoxy resin composites were chosen, and the dielectric properties were tested to compare the difference of those composites. The results show that the existence of high dielectric constant phases in composites can improve the permittivity of composites and make the composites present ferroelectric properties, while the dielectric loss can also increased, and the difference in dielectric constant of the phases can decrease the dielectric breakdown strength.
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Hotza, Dachamir, and Antonio Pedro Novaes de Oliveira. "New Silicate Glass-Ceramic Materials and Composites." Advances in Science and Technology 68 (October 2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.68.1.
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New silicate glass-ceramic compositions have been investigated due to their interesting chemical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. LZSA glass-ceramics based on -spodumene (Li2O•Al2O3•4-10SiO2) and zircon (ZrSiO4) crystalline phases have shown good chemical resistance, high bending strength as well as high abrasion resistance, when compared with traditional ceramic materials, and coefficient of thermal expansion from 4.6 to 9.110-6 °C-1. These features basically depend on the nature, size and distribution of the formed crystals as well as on the residual glassy phase. The nature of the formed crystalline phases and consequently the final properties can be controlled by modifying the chemical composition of the parent glass and also by adequate selection of the heat-treatment parameters. The classical fabrication of glass-ceramic materials consists on the preparation of monolithic glass components followed by heat treatments for crystallisation. However, this technology requires high investments and can be justified only for large production. A viable alternative could be the production of glass-ceramics processed from glass powders and consolidated by sintering using the same equipments of traditional ceramic plants. This work reports the manufacturing and characterization of glass-ceramic materials and composites processed by pressing, injection moulding, extrusion, casting, replication, and rapid prototyping.
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Selver, Erdem, Gaye Kaya, and Hussein Dalfi. "Experimental and theoretical study of sandwich composites with Z-pins under quasi-static compression loading." Advances in Structural Engineering 24, no. 12 (2021): 2720–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13694332211007399.
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This study aims to enhance the compressive properties of sandwich composites containing extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam core and glass or carbon face materials by using carbon/vinyl ester and glass/vinyl ester composite Z-pins. The composite pins were inserted into foam cores at two different densities (15 and 30 mm). Compression test results showed that compressive strength, modulus and loads of the sandwich composites significantly increased after using composite Z-pins. Sandwich composites with 15 mm pin densities exhibited higher compressive properties than that of 30 mm pin densities. The pin type played a critical role whilst carbon pin reinforced sandwich composites had higher compressive properties compared to glass pin reinforced sandwich composites. Finite element analysis (FE) using Abaqus software has been established in this study to verify the experimental results. Experimental and numerical results based on the capabilities of the sandwich composites to capture the mechanical behaviour and the damage failure modes were conducted and showed a good agreement between them.
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Kavimani, V., P. M. Gopal, B. Stalin, Alagar Karthick, S. Arivukkarasan, and Murugesan Bharani. "Effect of Graphene Oxide-Boron Nitride-Based Dual Fillers on Mechanical Behavior of Epoxy/Glass Fiber Composites." Journal of Nanomaterials 2021 (August 7, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5047641.
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Graphene and its derivatives have excellent properties such as high surface area, thermal, and mechanical strength, and this fact made the researchers promote them as the possible filler material for fiber-matrix composite. The current research deals with validation on the effect of graphene oxide boron nitride filler over mechanical and thermal stability of epoxy glass fiber polymer matrix composite. The objective of this experimental investigation is to develop glass fiber reinforced polymer composites with hybrid filler addition. The matrix material selected is epoxy resin, whereas the glass fiber is selected as reinforcement, while boron nitride and graphene oxide are chosen as fillers. Compression moulding methodology is followed to develop the composites with the constant percentage of fiber loading, graphene oxide filler, and varying boron nitride content from 0 to 3 wt.% at an equal interval of 1 wt.%. The developed composite is analyzed for mechanical properties, and the fractured surface is analyzed through the scanning electron microscope. The addition of hybrid fillers enhances the fiber-matrix bonding strength and improves the thermal and mechanical properties up to a specific limit. Thermal gravimetric analysis was conducted to understand the thermal behavior of composite. The results revealed that the addition of filler improved the thermal stability of the composites.
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Korolev, Evgeniy Valerjevich, and Anna Nikolaevna Grishina. "Filled Binder for the Water-Glass Based Radiation-Protective Composites." Advanced Materials Research 746 (August 2013): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.746.281.
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The volumetric rate of filler affects the type and structure of chemical products emerging during the hardening process of binders and composites based on barium hydrosilicates. It is shown that by means of using the inert filler it is possible to change the composition of the hardened material. In particular, instead of BaO·2SiO2·4Н2О formation, the formation of Ba5[Si4O12](OH)2 can occur. This is due to steric effects and extra amount of the barium cations near the particles of fine filler. It is revealed also that the increase of the filling rate leads to the formation of crystal form of barium hydrosilicates. Such hydrosilicates are characterized by increased interfacial distance. These phenomena prove the presence of the steric effects. However, the chemical reaction of binder (water glass) with hardener (barium chloride) proceeds completely to the end. Thus, neither barium chloride nor sodium hydrosilicates are present in hardened composite. Because of this, disperse filled binders based on barium hydrosilicates (products of reaction between water glass and barium chloride) can be considered as a promising component for effective composites intended for protection from gamma-and neutron radiation.
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Sridharan, V., Muthukrishnan Nambi, and S. Deivanayagam. "Comparison of Machinability of Glass/Jute Fabric Polymer Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 440 (October 2013): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.440.42.
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Natural fibre based composites are gaining more importance now-a-days due to their specific properties. The aim of this work is to present a comparison of machinability of jute fabric and glass fabric reinforced polymeric composite. Drilling was carried out in a Vertical Machining Centre using HSS twist drill of 6 mm diameter. The quality of hole is compared based on the delamination factor obtained by digital image processing technique, on both sides. Factorial design based experiments were conducted at different levels of speed and feed rate. Analysis Of Variance is done to study the influence of natural fibre on delamination. Results show that natural fibre reinforced composite has better machinability than synthetic fibre reinforced composite.
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Lee, Sung-Jun, Gang-Min Kim, and Chang-Lae Kim. "Effect of Glass Bubbles on Friction and Wear Characteristics of PDMS-Based Composites." Coatings 11, no. 5 (2021): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11050603.
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The purpose of this study is to improve the mechanical durability and surface frictional characteristics of polymer/ceramic-based composite materials. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/glass bubble (GB) composite specimens are prepared at various weight ratios (PDMS:GB) by varying the amount of micro-sized GBs added to the PDMS. The surface, mechanical, and tribological characteristics of the PDMS/GB composites are evaluated according to the added ratios of GBs. The changes in internal stress according to the indentation depth after contacting with a steel ball tip to the bare PDMS and PDMS/GB composites having different GB densities are compared through finite element analysis simulation. The elastic modulus is proportional to the GB content, while the friction coefficient generally decreases as the GB content increases. A smaller amount of GB in the PDMS/GB composite results in more surface damage than the bare PDMS, but a significant reduction in wear rate is achieved when the ratio of PDMS:GB is greater than 100:5.
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Solairajan, A. Saravanapandi, S. Alexraj, P. Vijaya Rajan, and Godwin Jose. "Modelling and Analysis of Wear Prediction in Machining of Nano Based GFRP Composites Using RSM." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 20 (October 2015): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.20.3.
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Glass fiber reinforced composite material was fabricated using E-glass fiber with unsaturated polyester resin. In Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) composites, the matrix of polymer is reinforced with glass fibers. The surface quality and dimensional precision significantly affect the parts during their suitable life, particularly in cases where the components come in contact with other elements or materials. In the current study, GFRP is machined with two cases i.e. with and without Nano combinations in lathe. These machining studies were carried out on lathe using three different cutting tools: namely Carbide (K-20), Cubic Boron Nitrate (CBN) and Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD). The cutting parameters considered were cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut. Surface Finish is the most important parameter measured by main spindle and compares the value with another. A second order mathematical model in terms of cutting parameters was developed using RSM. The results specify the developed model is suitable for prediction of surface roughness in machining of GFRP composites.
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Chen, Tianran, Dana Kazerooni, Lin Ju, David A. Okonski, and Donald G. Baird. "Development of Recyclable and High-Performance In Situ Hybrid TLCP/Glass Fiber Composites." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 3 (2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs4030125.
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By combining the concepts of in situ thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) composites and conventional fiber composites, a recyclable and high-performance in situ hybrid polypropylene-based composite was successfully developed. The recycled hybrid composite was prepared by injection molding and grinding processes. Rheological and thermal analyses were utilized to optimize the processing temperature of the injection molding process to reduce the melt viscosity and minimize the degradation of polypropylene. The ideal temperature for blending the hybrid composite was found to be 305 °C. The influence of mechanical recycling on the different combinations of TLCP and glass fiber composites was analyzed. When the weight fraction ratio of TLCP to glass fiber was 2 to 1, the hybrid composite exhibited better processability, improved tensile performance, lower mechanical anisotropy, and greater recyclability compared to the polypropylene reinforced by either glass fiber or TLCP alone.
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Jeencham, Rachasit, Nitinat Suppakarn, and Kasama Jarukumjorn. "Effect of Flame Retardant on Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber/Polypropylene Composites." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 652–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.652.
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Composites based on polypropylene and glass fiber were prepared by melt mixing. The effect of magnesium hydroxide as a flame retardant on flammability and thermal behavior of glass fiber/polypropylene composites was studied. Ratio of glass fiber to magnesium hydroxide in each composite sample was varied. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used to improve the interfacial adhesion between polypropylene and fillers. Flammability and thermal behavior of the composites were examined using a horizontal burning test and a thermogravimetric analyzer, respectively. Morphology and mechanical properties of the composites were also investigated. Magnesium hydroxide reduced the flammability while improved thermal decomposition temperature of the polypropylene composites. However, magnesium hydroxide showed a negative impact on the tensile strength of the polypropylene composites.
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Antil, Parvesh, Sarbjit Singh, and Alakesh Manna. "Glass fibers/SiCp reinforced epoxy composites: Effect of environmental conditions." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 9 (2017): 1253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317723448.
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The acceptability of polymer-based composite materials is increasing with time due to superior mechanical and chemical properties. Still, scope of advancement in mechanical behavior of these materials motivated research fraternity to develop new materials. The present article aims to analyze the effect of environment conditions on newly fabricated glass fiber epoxy composites reinforced with variable SiC particles as secondary reinforcement. The evaluation of mechanical strength and effect of environmental conditions on composite performance was analyzed using tensile, compression, flexural, and impact strength testing on universal testing machine. The mechanical strength characterization demonstrated the effect of size and weight fraction of reinforced SiC particles on mechanical strength of composites. The surface morphology of samples was examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Based on mechanical strength evaluation results, an exponential equation was developed to predict the composite life.