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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Glass fibre; Reinforcement; Reinforced'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Buck, Lyndon. "Furniture design with composite materials." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1997. http://bucks.collections.crest.ac.uk/9977/.

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This thesis examined the feasibility of fibre composite reinforcement in the furniture industry. The development of post war furniture design was reviewed, with particular emphasis on the main design movements and the use of new materials and technologies. The use of fibre composite materials in contemporary furniture was discussed in terms of technical development, environmental effects and psychological acceptance. Fibre reinforcements and adhesives were compared, as were fabrication techniques applicable to the existing British furniture industry. Particular emphasis has been placed on the fibre reinforcement of laminated timber sections as a method of overcoming many of the manufacturing problems of composites. Methods of analysing the behaviour under load of fibre reinforced laminated wood were reviewed. Resistance among the furniture buying public to modem, non-traditional furniture design was discussed, along with ways of making composite materials more aesthetically acceptable. Experimentation to determine the mechanical properties of fibre composite reinforced wood against wood control samples was undertaken, along with methods used to analyse the results for flat and curved samples. Modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture and impact strength were measured, as was the level of distortion of the samples before and after testing. A full size chair form was produced to demonstrate the behaviour of the material on a larger scale. The development of the design was discussed in terms of ergonomic requirements, aesthetics, practicality and environmental concerns. The problem of predicting the behaviour of complex shapes was discussed and a finite element analysis of the form is carried out to gain an accurate picture of the composite's performance. Production of fibre reinforced materials was discussed, along with the furniture industry's reluctance to invest in new materials and technologies. The feasibility of adapting traditional furniture making skills and equipment to the production of fibre composite reinforced wood has been assessed.

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2

Schley, Claus Alfred. "Reducing global performance variations of long glass fibre reinforced thermoplastics by local reinforcement." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408237.

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3

Worner, Victoria Jane. "Use of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bars for concrete bridge decks." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil & Natural Resources, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10724.

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Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars have been developed as an alternative to steel reinforcement for various structural concrete applications. Due to their non-corrossive nature, they are particularly suited for harsh environments where steel reinforcement is prone to corrosion. The purpose of this research is to determine the feasibility of GFRP reinforcing bars as concrete bridge deck reinforcement for locations, such as coastal New Zealand, where the non-corrosive benefits of GFRP may offer an alternative to traditional mild steel reinforcement. GFRP use as structural reinforcement may offer life-cycle cost benefits for certain structures as maintenance to repair corroded reinforcement is not necessary. The use of GFRP reinforcement in a New Zealand design context was investigated to directly compare the structural performance of this alternative reinforcing product. Mateen-bar, manufactured by Pultron Composites Ltd, is the GFRP reinforcing bar used in the experimental tests. Experimental investigation of tensile properties of GFRP bar samples was carried out to understand the mechanical behaviour of GFRP reinforcement and validate the manufacturer’s specifications. This series of tests highlighted the complexities of carrying out tensile testing of FRP products, due to the inability to grip the GFRP directly in a testing machine without crushing the specimen. Two phases of full-scale tests were carried out to compare the performance of bridge deck slabs reinforced with typical mild steel and GFRP reinforcing bar. This experimental testing was different to most existing research on GFRP reinforced slab performance as it did not compare the performance of a GFRP reinforcing bar area equivalent to steel, but was designed in such a way as to dependably give the same moment capacity of the steel reinforced slab design. This incorporated the recommended limit of 20% of design stress given by the manufacturer which led to an apparent over-reinforced section for the GFRP slab design. The aim of the experiments was to investigate the comparative performance of a typical New Zealand bridge deck design and a GFRP reinforced equivalent designed in such a way as is currently recommended by the manufacturer. The over-reinforcement lead to differences in conclusions drawn by other authors who have studied GFRP reinforced slab behaviour. Both flexural and concentrated loading (simulating vehicle loading) tests were carried out on both the steel and GFRP reinforced slab designs. Due to over-reinforcement the GFRP slab was considerably stiffer and stronger than the steel design, indicating that serviceability issues are unlikely to be as much of a design issue as existing literature would suggest. Deflection prediction models generally underestimate the strength of over-reinforced sections. All slabs failed in punching shear under concentrated loads, indicating that punching shear may be a critical failure mechanism for GFRP reinforced slabs Based on the findings from the extensive experimental phases, a set of design recommendations were made to further improve the potential for GFRP to be used for bridge deck design in a New Zealand context.

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4

Jawara, Alieu. "Low heat high performance concrete for glass fiber reinforced polymer reinforcement." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0011/MQ41721.pdf.

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5

DeFreese, James Michael. "Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars as the Top Mat Reinforcement for Bridge Decks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36289.

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The primary objective of this research was to experimentally investigate material and bond properties of three different types of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars, and determine their effect on the design of a bridge deck using FRP bars as the top mat of reinforcement. The properties evaluated include the tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, bond behavior, and maximum bond stress. The experimental program included 47 tensile tests and 42 beam end bond tests performed with FRP bars. Tensile strength of the bars from the tensile testing ranged from 529 MPa to 859 MPa. The average modulus, taken from all the testing, for each type of bar was found to range from 40 GPa to 43.7 GPa. The maximum bond stress from the beam end bond tests ranged from 9.17 MPa to 25 MPa. From the tests, design values were found in areas where the properties investigated were related. These design values include design tensile strength, design modulus of elasticity, bond coefficient for deflection calculations, bond coefficient for crack width calculations, and development length. The results and conclusions address design concerns of the different types of FRP bars as applied in the top mat of reinforcement of a bridge deck. A secondary objective was to evaluate the disparity in results between direct pullout tests, and beam end bond tests. Results from the experimentally performed beam end bond test were compared to previous literature involving the direct pullout tests. Results from the performed beam end bond tests were higher than all of the literature using direct pullout results. No recommendations were given on the disparity between the two test methods.
Master of Science

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6

Cawrse, Jason Kyle. "Laboratory Tests of a Bridge Deck Prototype With Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars as the Top Mat of Reinforcement." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35262.

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The primary objective of this project was to test a full-scale prototype of an actual bridge deck containing GFRP bars as the top mat of reinforcement. The purpose of the tests was to verify that the design would resist the loads for which it was designed and provide assurance that the deck would not unexpectedly fail due to the use of this new material. Behavior of the bridge and deck, such as failure load, failure mode, cracking load, crack widths, deflections, and internal stresses, were examined. Four tests were performed on the deck, all of which tested the deck in negative moment regions. From the tests, it was concluded that the design of the deck was very conservative and that unexpected failure should be of no concern. The secondary objective of this project was to comment on the construction of a bridge deck reinforced with GFRP bars and to note its advantages and disadvantages along with a critique of the current state-of-the-art of designing bridge decks with FRP reinforcement. It was found that the advantages of construction with GFRP bars far outweighed the disadvantages, and that the placing of the top mat of GFRP bars was much easier than the placing of the bottom mat of steel bars. It was also concluded that the current state-of-the-art of designing bridge decks reinforced with GFRP is, for the most part, inaccurate in its prediction of behavior and that more research is needed to create more accurate design equations and procedures. Although current methods do not result in accurate predictions of behavior, they do, as mentioned above, result in conservative designs.
Master of Science

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7

Harlan, Matthew. "Field Test of a Bridge Deck with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars as the Top Mat of Reinforcement." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9987.

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The primary objective of this research project was to perform live load tests on a bridge deck with GFRP reinforcement in the field under service conditions. The strains and deflections in the span reinforced with GFRP in the top mat were recorded under a series of truck crossings, and these were compared to the span reinforced with all steel bars under identical loading conditions, as well as design values and other test results. Transverse strains in the GFRP bars, girder distribution factors, girder bottom flange strains, dynamic load allowances, and weigh-in-motion gauge results were examined. From the live load tests, it was concluded that the bridge was designed conservatively for service loads, with measured strains, stresses, distribution factors, and impact factors below allowables and design values. The second objective was to monitor the construction of the bridge deck. To carry out this objective, researchers from Virginia Tech were on site during the bridge deck phase of the construction. The construction crews were observed while installing both the all-steel end span and the steel bottom/GFRP top end span. The installation of the GFRP bars went smoothly when compared to that of the steel bars. The workers were unfamiliar with the material at first, but by the end of the day were handling, installing, and tying the GFRP bars with skill. It was concluded that GFRP bars are an acceptable material in bridge deck applications with respect to constructibility issues. The third objective was to set up the long term monitoring and data collection of the bridge deck. Electrical resistance strain gauges, vibrating wire strain gauges, and thermocouples were installed in the deck prior to concrete casting to provide strain and temperature readings throughout the service life of the bridge. It was concluded that the span reinforced with GFRP was instrumented sufficiently for long-term health monitoring.
Master of Science

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8

Phillips, Kimberly Ann. "Performance of a Bridge Deck with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Bars as the Top Mat of Reinforcement." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36296.

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The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness and durability of GFRP bars as reinforcement for concrete decks. Today's rapid bridge deck deterioration is calling for a replacement for steel reinforcement. The advantages of GFRP such as its high tensile strength, light weight, and resistance to corrosion make it an attractive alternative to steel. The first objective of this research was to perform live load testing on a bridge deck reinforced with GFRP in one span and steel in the other. The results were compared to the findings from the initial testing performed one year earlier. The strains and deflections of the bridge deck were recorded and the two spans compared. Transverse stresses in the GFRP bars, girder distribution factors, and dynamic load allowances were calculated for both spans. From the live load tests, it was concluded that the GFRP-reinforced span results were within design parameters. The only concern was the increased impact factor values. The second objective was to perform live load tests on a slab reinforced with GFRP installed at a weigh station. Two live load tests were performed approximately five months apart. Peak strains in the GFRP and steel bars were recorded and compared. The peak stresses had increased over time but were within design allowable stress limits. The third objective of this research was to investigate the long term behavior and durability of the GFRP reinforcing bars cast in a concrete deck. The strain gauges, vibrating wire gauges, and thermocouples in the bridge deck were monitored for approximately one year using a permanent data acquisition system. Daily, monthly, and long term fluctuations in temperature and stresses were examined. It was concluded that the vibrating wire gauges were more reliable than the electrical resistance strain gauges. It was further observed that the main influence over strain changes was temperature fluctuations.
Master of Science

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9

Sanchez, Urbina Israel. "Optimizing flow of plastic PBT with 45% glass and mineral fiber reinforcement in an injection over mold process using Taguchi, CPk and mold flow simulation software approaches." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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10

Nenov, Stanislav Stojanov. "Technologie výroby sklolaminátového dílu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318775.

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Diploma thesis is focused on production technology of the glass fibre polyester part. It introduces characteristics of the composite materials and their dividing by the reinfocement geometry, reinforcement dimensions, reinfocement material and matrix materiál. In the final chapters thesis describes production technologies and proces of launching new part from 3D data to data and drawings of the mould including creation of the technological process.

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11

Shalookh, Othman H. Zinkaah. "Behaviour of continuous concrete deep beams reinforced with GFRP bars." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18381.

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12

Beguinel, Johanna. "Interfacial adhesion in continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites : from micro-scale to macro-scale." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI051.

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L’intérêt croissant de l’industrie pour les matériaux composites thermoplastiques est motivé par leurs propriétés de thermoformabilité, de recyclabilité ainsi que leurs capacités de cadences de production élevées. Le développement de matériaux pré-imprégnés thermoplastiques, apparus dès les années 1980, s’est imposé comme un moyen efficace de contourner les fortes viscosités des polymères utilisés en réduisant la distance d’écoulement des polymères à l’état « fondu ». Cette étude s’est plus particulièrement intéressée au développement de composites à base de tissus de verre et de carbone pré-imprégnés par un latex acrylique, le TPREG I. En outre, les propriétés mécaniques élevées des matrices acryliques, alliées à un coût relativement faible, en font un matériau intéressant, de nature à permettre un saut technologique dans la conception et la fabrication de composites structuraux à matrice organique. Notre étude s’est concentrée sur la mesure de l’adhésion à l’interface fibre/matrice acrylique car cette région est au cœur du transfert de charge de la matrice vers les fibres et conditionne donc les propriétés mécaniques du composite. Nous avons choisi d’évaluer l’adhésion interfaciale en combinant des analyses de mouilllage avec des tests mécaniques aux échelles microscopique et macroscopique. Le test micromécanique de la microgoutte permet de mettre en évidence le rôle central de l’ensimage des fibres sur la contrainte de cisaillement interfaciale. L’adhésion thermodynamique, déterminé par des mesures d’énergie de surface, est en accord avec la contrainte de cisaillement et souligne l’influence de la polarité de l’ensimage. A l’échelle macroscopique, les essais de traction hors-axe sur composites unidirectionnels permettant de solliciter l’interface en cisaillement quasi-plan ont mis en exergue une corrélation entre les échelles micro et macro. L’étude a également permis de dégager une forte augmentation de l’adhésion grâce à une modification de la matrice acrylique, ainsi qu’une dégradation des propriétés interfaciales à l’échelle micro par vieillissement hydrolytique. Cette étude constitue une première base de données concernant les propriétés interfaciales de composites thermoplastiques acryliques et démontre l’importance d’une étude multi-échelles dans la conception de nouveaux composites
The present study was initiated by the development of a new processing route, i.e. latex-dip impregnation, for thermoplastic (TP) acrylic semi-finished materials. The composites resulting from thermocompression of TPREG I plies were studied by focusing of interfacial adhesion. Indeed the fiber/matrix interface governs the stress transfer from matrix to fibers. Thus, a multi-scale analysis of acrylic matrix/fiber interfaces was conducted by considering microcomposites, as models for fiber-based composites, and unidirectional (UD)macro-composites. The study displayed various types of sized glass and carbon fibers. On one hand, the correlation between thermodynamic adhesion and practical adhesion, resulting from micromechanical testing, is discussed by highlighting the role of the physico-chemistry of the created interphase. Wetting and thermodynamical adhesion are driven by the polarity of the film former of the sizing. On the other hand, in-plane shear modulus values from off-axis tensile test results on UD composites are consistent with the quantitative analyses of the interfacial shear strength obtained from microcomposites. More specifically, both tests have enabled a differentiation of interface properties based on the fiber sizing nature for glass and carbon fiber-reinforced (micro-)composites. The study of overall mechanical and interface properties of glass and carbon fiber/acrylic composites revealed the need for tailoring interfacial adhesion. Modifications of the matrix led to successful increases of interfacial adhesion in glass fiber/acrylic composites. An additional hygrothermal ageing study evidenced a significant loss of interfacial shear strength at micro-scale which was not observed for UD composites. The results of this study are a first step towards a database of relevant interface properties of structural TP composites. Finally, the analyses of interfaces/phases at different scales demonstrate the importance of a multi-scale approach to tailor the final properties of composite parts

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13

Cao, Qian. "Development of pseudo-ductile permanent formwork with glass fiber reinforced plastics reinforcements /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202007%20CAO.

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14

Esong, Ivo Epie. "Compression buckling of glass fibre reinforced cylinders." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322666.

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15

Zhang, Endang. "Fibre reinforcement of oxynitride glasses and glass-ceramics." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320017.

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16

Bushby, Andrew John. "Structure and properties of glass-fibre reinforced cements." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404239.

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17

Cheung, Wai-lam, and 張惠林. "The interfacial properties of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31231792.

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18

Hejda, Marek. "Deformation micromechanics of single glass fibre reinforced composites." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491333.

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The current work presents for the first time the application of luminescence spectroscopy in following the micromechanical deformation of glass fibre reinforced composites; this has been achieved using luminescence-active glass fibres prepared from glass doped with small amounts of Sm3+. Glass prepared in this way exhibited several relatively sharp and intense luminescence peaks observed in the range 550 nm to 700 nm. The luminescence band located at 648 nm was used for the calibration of the local strain state of the fibre due to its distinctive linear shift towards lower wavelengths with increasing strain and the factors affecting this shift were studied in detail. The fragmentation of both untreated and silane-treated Sm3+ doped glass fibre has been followed in detail and the behaviour analysed using a classical shear-lag analysis. Silane treatment slightly enhanced adhesion between glass fibre and epoxy resin, which was confirmed by a supplementary fragmentation study, which employed carbon nanotubes dispersed in the silane agent as an additional strain sensor. This work has demonstrated luminescence spectroscopy as a new significant development in the ability to follow local mechanics of the interface between glass fibres and transparent resins.

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19

Ah-Teck, Tommy C. T. "Formability of long glass-fibre reinforced polypropylene sheet." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329863.

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20

Cheung, Wai-lam. "The interfacial properties of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12718634.

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21

Abidin, Mohd Hanafiah Bin. "Fatigue behaviour of glass fibre reinforced polyurethane acrylate." Thesis, Swansea University, 2002. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42552.

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A comprehensive study of the fatigue behaviour of a polyurethane acrylate resin and glass fibre reinforced composites has been undertaken. In the first part, three types of resins were tested: polyurethane vinyl ester, polyester and polyurethane acrylate, which was formulated to have superior properties. Three different types of glass fibre cloth were used for reinforcement, a woven roving and two novel stitch bonded Ulticloths. The [0/90]2s and [+/-45]2s lay-ups were prepared in order to investigate the effects of matrix, cloths and lay-up on fatigue strength and life time. Polyurethane acrylate composites proved to be superior to the polyester resin. The study on damage mechanisms also showed that the first damage was matrix cracking followed by interfacial failure, debonding, delamination and fibre facture which accumulate from the initial cycles until failure. The second part of this study concentrated only on polyurethane acrylate resin reinforced with Ulticloth [90/0]2s and Biaxial Ulticloth [+/-45]4 lay-ups. The data were produced to compare the effect of environment such as air, distilled water and seawater on the composite with tension-tension and tension-compression loading. With the [90/0]2s lay-up the fatigue strength and lifetime were reduced by the presence of distilled water and seawater. Once again, during fatigue testing with R=0.1, microscopic observations showed that these composites suffered severe damage. Samples tested in seawater had more damage compared with samples tested in air and distilled water. The last part of this research was to investigate the modulus degradation during the fatigue life. This investigation revealed that the modulus degradation on all laminates was dependent on stress ratio and lay-up. The modulus of [90/0]2s lay-ups was degraded during fatigue tests and this modulus degradation curve could be divided into three stages. The most clear damage occurring in [+/-45]4 was delamination which happened at both types of stress ratio, R=0.1 and R=-l. Analysis of some microscopic fractography has been carried out to support the observations.

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22

Kim, Hyung Sun. "Development of a fibre-reinforced glass-ceramic composite." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47512.

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23

Whitehead, Paul Arthur. "Shear strength of concrete containing fibre-reinforced-plastic reinforcement." Thesis, University of Bath, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275880.

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24

Funke, Henrik, Sandra Gelbrich, Lars Ulke-Winter, Lothar Kroll, and Carolin Petzoldt. "An application of asymmetrical glass fibre-reinforced plastics for the manufacture of curved fibre reinforced concrete." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-178054.

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There was developed a novel technological and constructive approach for the low-cost production of curved freeform formworks, which allow the production of single and double-curved fibre reinforced concrete. The scheduled approach was based on a flexible, asymmetrical multi-layered formwork system, which consists of glass-fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP). By using of the unusual anisotropic structural behavior, these GFRP formwork elements permitted a specific adjustment of defined curvature. The system design of the developed GFRP formwork was examined exhaustively. There were designed, numerically computed and produced prototypical curved freeform surfaces with different curvature radii. The fibre reinforced concrete had a compressive strength of 101.4 MPa and a 3-point bending tensile strength of 17.41 MPa. Beyond that, it was ensured that the TRC had a high durability, which has been shown by the capillary suction of de-icing solution and freeze thaw test with a total amount of scaled material of 874 g/m² and a relative dynamic E-Modulus of 100% after 28 freeze-thaw cycles.

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25

Gunay, Volkan. "Sol-gel processing of fibre reinforced glass and glass-ceramic matrix composites." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399683.

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26

Green, Stuart. "Creep behaviour of short glass fibre reinforced nylon 66." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279696.

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Sheard, P. A. "Transverse and environmental cracking of glass fibre reinforced plastic." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374663.

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28

Shin, Dong-Woo. "Microstructure-property relationships of SiC fibre-reinforced borosilicate glass." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282096.

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29

Wells, Garry Michael. "The transverse mechanical behaviour of glass fibre reinforced plastics." Thesis, University of Bath, 1987. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380692.

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30

Kretsis, George. "Mechanical characterisation of hybrid glass/carbon fibre-reinforced plastics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46982.

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31

Berg, Jolyon. "The role of fibre coatings on interphase formation in glass fibre epoxy resin composites." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245546.

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32

Patel, Harish. "Hemp fibre reinforced sheet moulding compounds." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8783.

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Glass fibres are by far the most extensively used fibre reinforcement in thermosetting composites because of their excellent cost-performance ratio. However, glass fibres have some disadvantages such as non- renewability and problems with ultimate disposal at the end of a materials lifetime since they cannot be completely thermally incinerated. The possibility of replacing E-glass fibres with hemp fibres as reinforcement in sheet moulding compounds (SMC) is examined in this thesis. The composites are manufactured with existing SMC processing techniques and similar resin formulation as used in the commercial industry. An attempt is made to enhance/optimise the mechanical properties of hemp/polyester composites. For this the fibre-matrix interface is modified via chemical modifications with alkaline and silane treatments. Influence of hemp fibre volume fraction, calcium carbonate (CaCO3)filler content and fibre-matrix interface modification on the mechanical properties of hemp fibre-mat-reinforced sheet moulding compounds (H-SMC) is studied. The results of H-SMC composites are compared to E-glass fibre-reinforced sheet moulding compounds (G-SMC). In order to get a better insight in the importance of these different parameters for the optimisation of composite performance, the experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions made using modified micromechanical models such as Cox-Krenchel and Kelly- Tyson for random short-fibre-reinforced composites. These models are supplemented with parameters of composite porosity to improve the prediction of natural fibre composite tensile properties. The influence of impact damage on the residual exural strength of the H-SMC composites is investigated to improve the understanding of impact response of natural fibre reinforced composites. The result of penetration and absorbed energies during non-penetrating impact of H-SMC composites are investigated and compared to values for G-SMC. A simple mechanistic model has been developed for H-SMC composites and is used to get an insight into the impact behaviour of these composite as well as to provide a guideline to compare the experimental results with theoretically calculated data. The fracture toughness properties in terms of the critical-stress-intensity factor KIc, and critical strain energy release rate, GIc, of H-SMC and G-SMC composites are studied using the compact tension (CT) method. It was shown that fracture toughness of H-SMC composites is significantly lower than that of glass fibre reinforced composites (G- SMC). However, results show that with an optimum combination of fibre volume fraction, (CaCO3) filler and surface treatment of the hemp fibres can result in H-SMC composites that have fracture toughness properties that can be exploited for low to medium range engineering applications. It is recommended that to further improve the fracture toughness properties of these natural fibre reinforced composites more research needs to be devoted to the optimization of the fibre-matrix interface properties and ways of reducing porosity content in these composites. Finally, environmental impact of H-SMC composite with conventional G-SMC composite for automotive and non-automotive applications was compared. The composites were assumed to be made in a traditional SMC manufacturing method. Two different types of performance requirements; i.e. stiffness and strength were investigated for both the non-automotive and automotive parts. Two different disposal scenarios: landfill and incineration of the SMC product at the end of life was considered. The LCA results demonstrate that the environmental impact of H-SMC composites is lower than the reference G-SMC composites. G-SMC composites have a significantly higher environmental impact on climate change, acidification and fossil fuels than H-SMC composites. Where as H-SMC composites have a much higher impact on land use and ecotoxicity than G-SMC composites.

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Shehata, Emile F. G. "Fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) for shear reinforcement in concrete structures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0001/NQ41626.pdf.

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34

Lau, Shuk-lei. "Rehabilitation of reinforced concrete beam-column joints using glass fibre reinforced polymer sheets." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B32001630.

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35

Lau, Shuk-lei, and 劉淑妮. "Rehabilitation of reinforced concrete beam-column joints using glass fibre reinforced polymer sheets." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B32001630.

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36

Swait, Timothy J. "Interfacial optimisation of glass fibre reinforced composites by plasma polymerisation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527232.

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37

McClelland, Alan Nigel Robert. "The injection moulding of long glass fibre reinforced thermoplastic materials." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235520.

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38

Borhan, Tumadhir Merawi. "Thermal and structural behaviour of basalt fibre reinforced glass concrete." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/thermal-and-structural-behaviour-of-basalt-fibre-reinforced-glass-concrete(2fcc3a9a-2012-4261-966b-4ff37420e032).html.

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This study aims to produce a type of concrete with both good thermal and mechanical properties by using environmentally friendly and low cost materials. In addition, the resistance of this concrete to fire conditions was investigated. The experimental work comprises two parts. In the first part, recycled glass was used as a partial replacement for natural sand (at proportions 20%, 40% and 60%) together with basalt fibre having different volume fractions (0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%). The results obtained from the experimental work showed that the optimum content is 20% glass and at 28 days, there was a 4.23% and 15% enhancement in the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength respectively. Above 20% glass there was a slight reduction (6.6% and 22%) in the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength when 60% glass was used. The results also showed that when glass sand and basalt fibre content increase, there is a decrease in the thermal conductivity range from 4.35% to 50% at temperature levels between 60oC to 600oC. The structural behaviour of this type of concrete was investigated in the second part of this study by carrying out small-scale slab tests at ambient and elevated temperatures. The results show that there is an increase in the load carrying capacity above the theoretical yield line load, due to membrane action, for all percentages of glass and volume fractions of basalt fibre ranging from 1.35 to 1.68 for the slab tested at ambient temperature and from 3.13 to 3.26 for the slabs tested at elevated temperature. Also the slabs with higher glass sand and basalt fibre content had a higher load enhancement and failed at a higher displacement compared to the control mix.A comparison between the simplified method and the finite element software package ABAQUS showed that the ABAQUS model gives reasonable predictions for the load-vertical displacement and the temperature-displacement relationships at both ambient and elevated temperature conditions, while the simplified method gives conservative predictions for the maximum allowable vertical displacement for the slab at elevated temperature. A parametric study showed that a 10 mm cover depth is the optimum depth as well as the reinforcement temperature predicted reduced with increasing load ratio (applied load/yield line load).

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39

Yan, Ying. "Finite element analysis and characterisation of fibre and fabric reinforced composites." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385688.

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40

Demir, Adem. "Silicon carbide fibre reinforced #beta#-sialon ceramics." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391291.

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41

O'Reagan, Desmond F. "Designing with long fibre reinforced polyamides : practice and theory." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386228.

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42

Vilanova, Marco Irene. "Bond-slip and cracking behaviour of glass fibre reinforced polymer reinforced concrete tensile members." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/328720.

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In this work, a methodology has been developed to implement the bond behaviour between concrete and GFRP bars in the numerical modelling. Based on experimental results and applying the inverse method, the bond law to be used in the numerical model is obtained. The thesis continues with two experimental campaigns on GFRP RC elements under tensile sustained loads. The first experimental campaign consisted in testing GFRP RC elements with different target concrete strengths. The tests were carried out for a period between 35 a 39 days. Experimental results were compared with analytical codes for steel RC structures. The second experimental campaign consists on the analysis of bond of such structures under sustained load. The specimens were tested for a period between 90 and 130 days. Slip stabilization was observed to occur at 60 days after the beginning of the tests.
En aquest treball s’ha desenvolupat una metodologia que permet la implementació del comportament adherent entre formigó i barres de material compost en la modelització numèrica. A partir de resultats experimentals i aplicant un mètode invers s’obtenen les lleis d’adherència aptes per ser incorporades a la modelització numèrica. Com a continuació de l’estudi s’han portat a terme dues campanyes experimentals en elements sotmesos a càrrega de tracció mantinguda. La primera campanya experimental va consistir en l’assaig de tirants de formigó variant la resistència del formigó. Els espècimens van estar sotmesos a càrrega mantinguda durant un període de 35-39 dies. Els resultats es van comparat amb models analítics existents per reforç estructural d’acer. En la segona campanya experimental es va aprofundir en l’estudi de l’adherència a llarg termini. Els espècimens van estar sotmesos a càrrega mantinguda durant un període de 90-130 dies observant una estabilització del lliscament 60 dies després de l’inici dels assaigs.

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43

White, Roger John. "Environmental creep mechanisms in glass/polyester composites." Thesis, University of Bath, 1985. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353403.

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A previous study, looking at the creep-rupture behaviour of mixed reinforcement GRP when immersed in water, had discovered that low loads, behaviour became temperature sensitive. Since the recorded time to failure of a sample was reduced at elevated temperatures, from that predicted by a linear extrapolation of the short term creep-rupture results, this deviation caused problems in the accurate prediction of long-term design stresses. In order to improve the accuracy of long term design predictions, it was decided to study the mechanisms of creep in GRP that initiates time dependent failure. From this, it was hoped that accurate design criteria suitable for predicting GRP response over a 30 year design life from short term creep tests, could be developed. This thesis reports the results obtained from such a study. A series of creep tests were performed on mixed reinforcement GRP samples at several stress levels, both in air, and in room temperature distilled water, using a microcomputer based data collection system. In conjunction with this work, damage development in samples, due to combinations of water uptake and creep loading, was followed, using both scanning electron, and optical, microscopy. Moisture uptake measurements were undertaken under a series of load/temperature regimes, and fibre/matrix debonding followed using photographic techniques. In this way, water absorption, both in terms of uptake rate, and location within a sample, could be characterised. Tensile tests were also performed to determine the standard mechanical properties of the mixed reinforcement GRP used. It was found that a critical damage state was created at loads in excess of 50% of ultimate, but not below. This took the form of between 2 and 8 neighbouring filament breaks in the longitudinal woven rovings at weave crossover points, producing microcracks in the reinforcement. The creation of this multifilament fracture damage during primary creep, was considered to be necessary for time dependent failure to occur in air. Secondary greep strain was found to increase in discrete steps, both in air and water. This was attributed to the formation of transverse grasks in the longitudinal woven rovings, propogating from the above critical damage. In water, diffusion was found to be non-Fickian. Moisture uptake increased with increases in applied load and temperature. Water was seen to accumulate at weave cross-over points when immersed under load. This led to stress-enhanced fibre corrosion in these regions, weakening the reinforcement, and reducing the failure time from that expected at the same load level in air. The localised nature of moisture degradation was thought to result in the formation of critical fibre damage at loads below 50% of ultimate, when immersed in water. Two design criteria based on the observed creep mechanisms, have been developed for GRP that predict response when loaded in either air, or water. Both predict the existence of creep-rupture limits at low loads.

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Aasrum, Pål Einar. "A numerical and experimental investigation of glass fibre reinforced epoxy pipes /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0016/MQ55014.pdf.

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45

Jaffry, Syed Ali Debaj. "Concrete filled glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) shells under concentric compression." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58768.pdf.

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46

Hill, Alistair R. "The mechanical properties of glass fibre reinforced and rubber toughened polypropylene." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843764/.

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The mechanical properties and fracture mechanics of a series of short glass fibre reinforced and rubber toughened polypropylene composite grades has been studied. The microstructural characteristics of composite grades were examined and, through appropriate models, related to the observed mechanical properties. The moulded material was modelled as being composed of fibre reinforced plies of varying average fibre orientation. The rubber was distributed uniformly throughout the specimens. The main effect of the rubber was to reduce the stiffness of the matrix and hence also the efficiency of the load transfer at the fibre/matrix interface while at the same time improving the fracture toughness and critical strain energy release rate of the matrix. Automated image analysis has been used to characterise the rubber particles' size, shape and distribution, and glass fibres' length and orientation distributions. The fibre/matrix interface has been studied using a novel single fibre fragmentation technique. Iterative computer simulations have been developed to accurately predict the stress-strain response of the various grades. The fracture mechanics properties of this series of materials are highly strain rate sensitive. At low strain rates the addition of glass fibres reduces the toughness of the material because the fibres act as discontinuities within the matrix, aiding initiation and propagation of a crack. At higher strain rates the fibres toughen the material by increasing the energy dissipation associated with fibre pull-out. These effects result in changes in the fracture surface morphology. Fibres pulled-out at low strain rates had clean surfaces. At higher strain rates the surfaces of pulled-out fibres were coated in an adherent sheath of matrix material. These effects are considered to be a consequence of the viscoelastic nature of the matrix. At low strain rates the matrix deforms plastically. At impact speeds the matrix responds in a predomoninantly brittle manner.

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47

Saleh, Najia M. "Bond of glass fibre reinforced polymer bars in high strength concrete." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17361.

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Very limited research studies have been conducted to examine bond of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars with high concrete strength. The current research project aims to compare between bond measured from a pull-out test and a hinged beam test for GFRP bars embedded in high strength concrete. Different parameters influencing bond such as GFRP bar diameter, embedment length and surface configuration were investigated in both test methods, while the bar position, i.e. top or bottom, was only studied in hinged beams. Seventy-two pull-out cubes, eight pull-out prisms and twenty-four hinged beams reinforced with GFRP bars were constructed and tested to failure. Twelve pull-out cubes and four hinged beams reinforced with steel bars were also tested for comparison purposes. The results showed that bond stress – slip curves obtained from various testing methods were similar, consisting of high initial stiffness, followed by nonlinear ascending and softening branches. In addition, it was found that the experimental bond strength obtained from hinged beams was higher than both bond strengths measured by the pull-out cube and pull-out prism. However, when a finite element analysis was conducted for hinged beams, it was shown that the tensile force in the reinforcing bar estimated by equilibrium conditions is overestimated as the large deformation of hinged beams at failure was not considered. Therefore, if the tensile force obtained from the finite element analysis is used to calculate the bond strength, it would be similar to that obtained from pull-out cube and prism. Moreover, it was found that the distribution of tensile and bond stresses was nonlinear along the GFRP embedment length and bond stress at the vicinity of the free end increased with increasing the load due to redistribution of bond stresses along the embedment length. Bond strengths were compared against the prediction methods provided in ACI-440.1R, CSA-S806, CSA-S6 and JSCE 1997. In general, all design codes showed conservative results for all specimens tested and ACI predictions gave a good agreement with experimental data compared to other codes. Artificial neural network models were developed to predict bond strength of GFRP bars in concrete. These models used bar diameter, embedment length, concrete compressive strength and concrete cover as input variables. The developed ANN models showed to be able to predict bond strength of GFRP bars in concrete and, therefore, were used to conduct a parametric study.
Higher Education Institute, Government of Libya

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48

Saleh, N., Ashraf F. Ashour, and Therese Sheehan. "Bond between glass fibre reinforced polymer bars and high - strength concrete." ElSevier, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17246.

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Yes
In this study, bond properties of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars embedded in high-strength concrete (HSC) were experimentally investigated using a pull-out test. The experimental program consisted of testing 84 pull-out specimens prepared according to ACI 440.3R-12 standard. The testing of the specimens was carried out considering bar diameter (9.5, 12.7 and 15.9 mm), embedment length (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 times bar diameter) and surface configuration (helical wrapping with slight sand coating (HW-SC) and sand coating (SC)) as the main parameters. Twelve pull-out specimens reinforced with 16 mm steel bar were also tested for comparison purposes. Most of the specimens failed by a pull-out mode. Visual inspection of the tested specimens reinforced with GFRP (HW-SC) bars showed that the pull-out failure was due to the damage of outer bar surface, whilst the detachment of the sand coating was responsible for the bond failure of GFRP (SC) reinforced specimens. The bond stress – slip behaviour of GFRP (HW-SC) bars is different from that of GFRP (SC) bars and it was also found that GFRP (SC) bars gave a better bond performance than GFRP (HW-SC) bars. It was observed that the reduction rate of bond strength of both GFRP types with increasing the bar diameter and the embedment length was reduced in the case of high-strength concrete. Bond strength predictions obtained from ACI-440.1R, CSAeS806, CSA-S6 and JSCE design codes were compared with the experimental results. Overall, all design guidelines were conservative in predicting bond strength of both GFRP bars in HSC and ACI predictions were closer to the tested results than other codes.

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49

GuzmaÌn, J. Fernando GuilleÌn. "Cooling rate effects in glass reinforced thermoplastic-based fibre metal laminates." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399210.

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50

Mondo, Eleonora. "Shear Capacity of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Beams without Conventional Shear Reinforcement." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-41016.

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While the increase in shear strength of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) is well recognized, it has yet to be found common application of this material in building structures and there is no existing national standard that treats SFRC in a systematic manner. The aim of the diploma work is to investigate the shear strength of fibre reinforced concrete beams and the available test data and analyse the latter against the mostpromising equations available in the literature. The equations investigated are:Narayanan and Darwish’s formula, the German, the RILEM and the Italian guidelines. Thirty articles, selected among over one hundred articles taken from literature, have been used to create the database that contains almost 600 beams tested in shear. This large number of beams has been decreased to 371 excluding all those beams and test that do not fall within the limitation stated for this thesis. Narayanan and Darwish’s formula can be utilized every time that the fibre percentage, the type of fibres, the beam dimensions, the flexural reinforcement and the concrete strength class have been defined. On the opposite, the parameters introduced in the German, the RILEM and the Italian guidelines always require a further characterization of the concrete (with bending test) in order to describe the post‐cracking behaviour. The parameters involved in the guidelines are the residual flexural tensile strengths according to the different test set‐ups. A method for predicting the residual flexural tensile strength from the knowledge of the fibre properties, the cylindrical compressive strength of the concrete and the amount of fibres percentage is suggested. The predictions of the shear strength, obtained using the proposed method for the residual flexural tensile strength, showed to be satisfactory when compared with the experimental results. A comparison among the aforementioned equations corroborate the validity of the empirical formulations proposed by Narayanan and Darwish nevertheless only the other equations provide a realistic assessments of the strength, toughness and ductility of structural elements subjected to shear loading. Over the three investigated equations, which work with the post‐cracking characterization of the material, the Italian guideline proposal is the one that, due to its wide domain of validity and the results obtained for the gathered database of beams, has been selected as the most reliable equation.

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