Academic literature on the topic 'Global Control Society'
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Journal articles on the topic "Global Control Society"
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Halyal, Pooja, and Basavaraj Bagade. "Status of Indian Society Amidst Global Vision of Society 5.0: Our Journey Towards." Geographical analysis 10, no. 1 (2021): 40–44. https://doi.org/10.53989/bu.ga.v10i1.7.
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The world is on the threshold of a technological transformation that will drastically affect the way we live, act, and interact with one another. The extent, scope, and complexity of the change will be unprecedented in human history. Society 5.0 is a far-reaching concept, as it predicts a complete change in our way of life. People, objects, and systems are all linked in the launch of Society 5.0. Sustainability in all industries, as well as Green Energy, Climate Control, and Social Innovation are critical. Social Innovation bridges geographic, age, gender, and language divides. It demonstrates the ability to tackle a wide range of problems in industries such as mobility, healthcare, agriculture, food, disaster management, energy, and many more. Hitachi is prepared to work with the government to develop a robust framework for a smooth transition to Society 5.0. An estimated 500 million people rely on agriculture for a living in India. Falling harvest sizes as a result of climate change are a serious socio-economic issue. Hitachi is contributing to India’s path to Society 5.0 by providing comprehensive IT x OT solutions
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EDVAN, ARAGÃO SANTOS. "The Society of the Spectacle and the Society of Control." International Journal of Arts and Social Science 3, no. 1 (2023): 01–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7716151.
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In the work The Society of the Spectacle, Guy Debord writes an essay-manifest critic - of a philosophical and literary nature - in which he directs his criticism, above all, at the way in which contemporary social life is gradually transformed into a mediated experience by the spectacle, in which it pretends to represent life and its social relations, starting, above all, the apparatus of images. From the constitution of the spectacle society, for Debord - as a global domain over the totality of society - we aim to understand the development of this concept and two possible relationships with the concepts of Control Society (Foucault/Deleuze/Guattari) and, finally, from Empire (Hardt/Negri)
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Correa-García, Ramón Ignacio. "Educational research proposals in a global society." Comunicar 10, no. 20 (2003): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c20-2003-08.
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In the global society, the planet is a great market where everything can be bought or sold. The «libertas scolastica» is faced the negative influence of the neoliberal society because the private capital needs to control the scientific research and their En la sociedad global, el Planeta se ha convertido en un gigantesco mercado donde todo se compra y se vende. La «libertas scolastica» se enfrenta hoy a la influencia perversa de la sociedad neoliberal porque el capital privado se ha interesado también por la investigación científica y por el conocimiento que ella produce. En este contexto, el presente artículo realiza una valoración crítica de la investigación educativa y del papel reservado a las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.
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Paksi, Arie Kusuma, Nanik Prasetyoningsih, and Dianita Sugiyo. "Tobacco Control Politics in Indonesia: Regional and Global Perspective." Nation State Journal of International Studies 2, no. 2 (2019): 187–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/nsjis.2019v2i2.166.
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The study examines tobacco control policies of Indonesia, national and international players, the role of political elite and social demography of smoking. The analysis explains the relation of national and international players associated with the tobacco industry, interest of local community, structural and political powers that limit the legislation on tobacco control. The current situation of smoking and tobacco use in the social system of Indonesia is alarming. Indonesia is the working ground of different multinational brands that have industries and production units of cigarettes. The economic perspectives of the tobacco industry involvement of government and political powers in this industry make it more complex. The study is based on qualitative sources that are evaluated for the tobacco industry and its implications on Indonesian society. The results provide a comprehensive overview of the tobacco industry and the role of different actors that can be regularized by imposing strict legislation. The study also provides recommendations to manage the tobacco industry that will guide the corrective path of reducing tobacco culture in the society.
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Soto-Pérez, Maeve, Juan Antonio Requena-Ibáñez, and Juan José Badimon. "Global approach to high-risk cardiovascular patients." Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia 88, no. 88(05) (2022): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.53519/analesranf.2022.88.05.06.
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Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipemia are major cardiovascular risk factors, thus modulating genesis, progression, and severity of atherosclerosis. Coexistence of those risk factors further increase the cardiovascular risk of the patients. Most recently published guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention recommend a strict and fast LDL cholesterol control. Nowadays, an increasing number of drugs are available for achieving the rigorous objective in a safe and effective way. These include multiple drugs from statins to monoclonal antibodies (as PCSK9 inhibitors) and also, the recently developed bempedoic acid and inclisiran. Triglycerides and HDL cholesterol have been a controversial topic in cardiology, eventually been related with ischemic events. In a society with an increasing life expectancy, the control of hypertension is mandatory as it has been independently related with an increased risk of cerebrovascular accidents, cognitive impairment, and the development of dementia. Diabetes mellitus is directly related with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The use of GLP-1 agonists have decreased the risk of stroke and the new SGLT2 inhibitors transformed the heart failure treatment in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. An effective and fast control of these risk factors is necessary to prevent cardiovascular diseases and decrease the socioeconomic impact of them in our society. Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; risk factors; lipids; hypertension; Diabetes mellitus
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Irvine, Peter, and Andy Ridgwell. "‘Geoengineering'–taking Control of Our Planet's Climate." Science Progress 92, no. 2 (2009): 139–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/003685009x461495.
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There is international consensus that ‘dangerous’ climate change must be avoided. Yet without radical changes in energy sources and usage and global economies, changes that so far society has been unable or unwilling to make, it seems highly likely that we will start to experience unacceptably damaging and/or societally disruptive global environmental change later this century. What actions can be taken to safeguard future environmental quality, ecosystems, agriculture, economy, and society? A new science–‘geoengineering'–that until recently would have seemed pure science fiction, promises an alternative way of temporarily regaining control of climate. Colossal engineering schemes to shade the sun, make the atmosphere hazier, modify clouds, even throw iron into the ocean, are all being promoted as possible ways out of our dilemma. This article considers the state of this new science, and its implications for society.
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Salinas, Araya Adán. "Diagramas y biopoder. Discusiones sobre las sociedades de control." Hermenéutica Intercultural, no. 20-21 (December 31, 2012): 19–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7609.
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<strong>Resumen:</strong> El artículo pretende una discusión con la idea de <em>sociedad de control</em>, en el marco de un análisis biopolítico. Para ello propone un doble juego. Por una parte, explicitar las dificultades de tal categoría en las propuestas de Hardt, Negri y Deleuze; y en segundo lugar, releer tales propuestas a partir del análisis del neoliberalismo, propuesto por Foucault. La hipótesis básica es que las indecisiones y dificultades de tal categoría, muestran la necesidad de reconducir el análisis biopolítico a la lógica del diagrama, es decir, del análisis del presente como superposición de dispositivos disciplinarios e interfases de regulación. <strong>Palabras clave:</strong> Sociedad de control mundial – Sociedad disciplinaria – Gubernamentalidad – Razón gubernamental - Biopolítica <strong>Abstract: </strong>This article attempts a discussion with the idea of society of control, as part of a biopolitical analysis. He advocates a double game. On the one hand, explain the difficulties of such category in the proposed Hardt, Negri and Deleuze, and second, re-read these discussions from the analysis of neoliberalism, proposed by Foucault. The basic hypothesis is that the indecisions and difficulties that category, show the need to redefine the bio-political analysis to the logic of the diagram, ie the analysis of this as a superposition of disciplinary devices and control interfaces.
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Li, Pengfei, Qing Xu, and Qian Fang. "Deep Rock Mass Engineering: Excavation, Monitoring, and Control." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (2022): 11721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211721.
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Heldt, Eugenia C., and Henning Schmidtke. "Global Democracy in Decline?" Global Governance 25, no. 2 (2019): 231–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02502005.
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Abstract Over the past decade, rising authoritarian regimes have begun to challenge the liberal international order. This challenge is particularly pronounced in the field of multilateral development finance, where China and its coalition partners from Brazil, Russia, India, and South Africa have created two new multilateral development banks. This article argues that China and its partners have used the New Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank to increase their power and to restrict democratic control mechanisms. By comparing formal mechanisms of democratic control in both organizations to the World Bank, this article shows that civil society access, transparency, and accountability are lower at the AIIB and NDB than they are at the World Bank.
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Achbari, A., and F. van Lunteren. "Dutch Skies, Global Laws." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 46, no. 1 (2016): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2016.46.1.1.
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This essay examines the transformation of a local rule of thumb into a widely acknowledged meteorological law, generally known as Buys Ballot’s law. This law relates wind direction to atmospheric pressure. From 1857 to 1867, Christophorus Buys Ballot (1817–1890) actively lobbied in the international arena for his wind rule, which he regarded as a promising basis for a system of storm warnings. At the same time he was reluctant to generalize his rule beyond the Dutch boundaries or to make strong claims about its predictive nature. Initially he failed to interest foreign meteorologists in his work, partly because of a widespread scepticism with regard to meteorological predictions, and partly because some of his foreign colleagues favored competing theories. One of his main rivals in this respect was Robert Fitzroy, director of the British Meteorological Office, who had set up his own warning system. This practice provoked the wrath of the Royal Society, as its members regarded Fitzroy’s theories and the resulting predictions as unscientific. After his death the Society took the British Meteorological Office under its control and abolished the practice of storm warnings. The resulting wave of protests from people who felt they had benefitted from the warnings landed the Society in an awkward predicament. The warnings could only be reintroduced without losing face if they had a “scientific” basis, and therefore finding a sound basis for storm predictions became a matter of urgency. At last Buys Ballot found a willing ear for his campaign. A rapid verification of his wind rule in Britain sufficed for the introduction of the unprecedented expression “Buys Ballot’s law” in the Royal Society reports. From these authoritative reports the designation rapidly spread all over the world, thus becoming a current expression.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Global Control Society"
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Bacci, Adriana Pevarello. "Novas dinâmicas da sociedade civil e o Movimento Nossa São Paulo: indagações de uma experiência em construção." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17487.
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Previous issue date: 2010-10-29<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This thesis intends to study the Movimento Nossa São Paulo (MNSP), which was created in May 2007 and has the articulation among many social players as its peculiarity. The approach to such subject of study was made taking into account the concepts of civil society, social movements, networks, social control and articulating organizations as its theoretical bases. A short documental search about the MNSP was carried out, as well as a search on its internet platforms, where MNSP has a wide range of information about its main developed actions. The subjects of this research were assessed through qualitative methods, especially open-ended questions in semi-structured interviews which intended to supply tools to understand MNSP and the fields it mostly acts. This work found that MNSP is much more identified to the concept of network and articulating organization than to the one of social movement. This research also revealed that MNSP displays some level of social control, fact that was made explicit by its quest for participating in the management of public policies in the city of São Paulo<br>A presente dissertação de mestrado tem como objeto de estudo o Movimento Nossa São Paulo (MNSP), criado em maio de 2007, e que tem como particularidade a articulação entre diversos atores sociais. A aproximação com o objeto de estudo foi feita tomando como base teórica os conceitos de sociedade civil, movimento social, redes, controle social e organizações articuladoras. Além desses, procedemos a uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a cidade de São Paulo e suas determinantes históricas, sociais e culturais, na tentativa de melhor compreender o cenário em que a pesquisa foi desenvolvida. Foi realizada, também, uma pesquisa documental sobre o MNSP, bem como pesquisa em sua plataforma de Internet, onde o Movimento possui amplo acervo de informações sobre as principais ações desenvolvidas. A aproximação com os sujeitos da pesquisa foi feita por meio de pesquisa qualitativa, a partir de entrevista semi-estruturada, com perguntas abertas e que serviram como norte para compreender o MNSP e suas principais áreas de atuação. A pesquisa revelou que o Movimento está mais identificado com o conceito de redes e de organização articuladora do que com o movimento social. Também revelou que exerce controle social, explicitado, especialmente, na busca por participar a gestão pública da cidade de São Paulo
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Kone, Arouna. "Mécanismes de gouvernance et performance de la filière coton du Mali." Phd thesis, Angers, 2011. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00968649.
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Pour analyser les difficultés des filières cotonnières africaines, la plupart des études mettent l’accent sur les facteurs exogènes, principalement les subventions des pays du Nord. Cette recherche se concentre sur les facteurs endogènes. Plus précisément, elle étudie l’influence des mécanismes de gouvernance sur la performance de la filière coton du Mali. Elle prend en compte le contexte des mutations institutionnelles de la filière, caractérisées par la libéralisation de la filière et la privatisation de la société cotonnière, un monopole étatique (la CMDT). Quatre mécanismes de gouvernance (le partenariat, la confiance, le contrat et le pouvoir) sont supposés influencer les deux dimensions de la performance, à savoir la performance financière et la performance non financière. D’un côté, cette recherche analyse les effets directs des mécanismes de gouvernance sur la performance de la filière, et de l’autre, les effets sont canalisés par l’apprentissage organisationnel. Un questionnaire d’enquête a été élaboré et administré auprès d’un échantillon de 1069 exploitants cotonniers dans le cercle de Koutiala. Les résultats des analyses de régressions à équations simultanées montrent que trois mécanismes de gouvernance influencent la performance de la filière. La gouvernance partenariale et la confiance ont des effets positifs sur l’efficience, l’amélioration des rendements et la satisfaction des exploitants à l’égard de leur relation avec la CMDT. La gouvernance contractuelle influence positivement l’efficience. Cependant, lorsque leurs effets sont canalisés par l’apprentissage organisationnel, ces mécanismes de gouvernance n’ont aucune influence sur la performance de la filière. Ils ne sont efficaces qu’à travers leurs effets directs. Pour gérer efficacement les relations entre les acteurs et atteindre une meilleure performance de la filière coton, il est nécessaire d’utiliser une forme multidimensionnelle de la gouvernance, à travers la combinaison des trois mécanismes de gouvernance : la gouvernance partenariale, la confiance et la gouvernance contractuelle<br>To consider the difficulties of the African Cotton Channel, most studies put an emphasis upon exogenous factors, mainly subsidies of Nothern Countries. This research focus on endogenous factors. More specifically, it studies the influence of mechanisms of governance on performance of the Cotton Channel of Mali. Four governance mechanisms ( partnership, trust, contract and power) are thought to influence the two dimensions of the performance : financial and non-financial performance. On the one hand, this research analyses the direct effects are mediated through organizational learning. A survey questionnaire has been elaborated and administered nearby a sample of 1,069 cotton smallholders in the cerle of Koutiala. The findings of the analyses of regression with simultaneous equations show that three mechanisms of governance impact the performance of the channel. The partnership and the trust have positive effects on efficiency, improvement ot outcomes and satisfaction of smallholders towards their relationship with CMDT. The contractual governance influences positively the efficiency. However, when their effects are mediated by organizational learning, these mechanisms of governance have no impact on the performance. They are efficient only through their direct effects. To manage efficiently the relationships between actors and ta reach a better performance of the cotton channel, it is necessary to use a multidimensional form of governance, through the combination of three mechanisms of governance : the partnership-based governance, trust and contractual governance
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Kone, Arouna. "Mécanismes de gouvernance et performance de la filière coton du Mali." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00968649.
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Pour analyser les difficultés des filières cotonnières africaines, la plupart des études mettent l'accent sur les facteurs exogènes, principalement les subventions des pays du Nord. Cette recherche se concentre sur les facteurs endogènes. Plus précisément, elle étudie l'influence des mécanismes de gouvernance sur la performance de la filière coton du Mali. Elle prend en compte le contexte des mutations institutionnelles de la filière, caractérisées par la libéralisation de la filière et la privatisation de la société cotonnière, un monopole étatique (la CMDT). Quatre mécanismes de gouvernance (le partenariat, la confiance, le contrat et le pouvoir) sont supposés influencer les deux dimensions de la performance, à savoir la performance financière et la performance non financière. D'un côté, cette recherche analyse les effets directs des mécanismes de gouvernance sur la performance de la filière, et de l'autre, les effets sont canalisés par l'apprentissage organisationnel. Un questionnaire d'enquête a été élaboré et administré auprès d'un échantillon de 1069 exploitants cotonniers dans le cercle de Koutiala. Les résultats des analyses de régressions à équations simultanées montrent que trois mécanismes de gouvernance influencent la performance de la filière. La gouvernance partenariale et la confiance ont des effets positifs sur l'efficience, l'amélioration des rendements et la satisfaction des exploitants à l'égard de leur relation avec la CMDT. La gouvernance contractuelle influence positivement l'efficience. Cependant, lorsque leurs effets sont canalisés par l'apprentissage organisationnel, ces mécanismes de gouvernance n'ont aucune influence sur la performance de la filière. Ils ne sont efficaces qu'à travers leurs effets directs. Pour gérer efficacement les relations entre les acteurs et atteindre une meilleure performance de la filière coton, il est nécessaire d'utiliser une forme multidimensionnelle de la gouvernance, à travers la combinaison des trois mécanismes de gouvernance : la gouvernance partenariale, la confiance et la gouvernance contractuelle.
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Ba, El Hadji Dialigue. "Le droit fiscal à l'épreuve de la mondialisation : la règlementation des prix de transfert au Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00681037.
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Symbole de la souveraineté de l'État, le droit fiscal est fortement éprouvé par la mondialisation.Les prix de transfert en sont un témoignage éloquent. Les règles en matière de détermination desprix de transfert ne garantissent pas un résultat exact. Le principe de pleine concurrence estd'application délicate. Les comparables qui en assurent la bonne application ne sont pas toujoursdisponibles. Dès lors, la justification des prix de transfert est souvent difficile et parfoisimpossible. À ce titre, la réglementation sénégalaise doit être mise à jour, notamment dans le sensde prévoir les méthodes nouvelles de détermination des prix de transfert et des obligationsdocumentaires spécifiques.Du fait du caractère limité du contrôle unilatéral des prix de transfert, les États développent deplus en plus la coopération internationale. Mais, pour utile qu'elle soit, la coopération fiscaledemeure elle aussi limitée. C'est pourquoi, le Sénégal doit s'inspirer de l'expérience des pays del'OCDE pour instituer une politique d'accords préalables en matière de prix de transfert. De lamême manière, il est nécessaire d'instituer, à titre transitoire, un régime de protection fiscale. Cesmécanismes de contractualisation et de facilitation fiscales sont très efficaces, mais demeurentégalement limités.Le meilleur moyen de contrôler les prix de transfert qui sont un phénomène transnational estd'adopter une stratégie au niveau supranational. La communauté des États ne saurait fairel'économie de la création d'un ordre fiscal mondial. Ce nouvel ordre devra reposer sur une lexfiscalia et une aequitas fiscalia vectrices d'un droit commun fiscal mondialisé élaboré et mis enoeuvre à travers une véritable gouvernance fiscale mondiale qui ne doit pas laisser en rade lespays en développement, sous la supervision d'un observatoire mondial des prix de transfert et lecontrôle d'un tribunal fiscal international.
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Hunsmann, Moritz. "Dépolitisations d'une épidémie - La lutte internationale contre le sida et les politiques de santé en Tanzanie." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01055458.
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Alors que les stratégies de lutte contre le sida en Afrique sub-saharienne mettent en jeu des compromis politiques nationaux fondamentaux, elles sont souvent formulées de manière hétéronome et dans un contexte marqué par la prédominance des bailleurs occidentaux. À partir de l'étude du cas tanzanien, cette thèse analyse différents aspects proprement politiques de la lutte contre le sida, à travers une double perspective : l'étude de l'élaboration des stratégies nationales de prévention et de traitement du VIH et l'analyse critique de leurs fondements biologiques et épidémiologiques. La recherche se fonde sur une enquête de terrain combinant 92 entretiens approfondis avec les principaux acteurs institutionnels au niveau national, et l'observation des processus décisionnels lors de réunions programmatiques. Cette thèse met ainsi en évidence l'attention politique inégale accordée aux différents récits causaux de la propagation du virus, et le rôle de ces histoires causales dans la formulation des politiques de prévention. Elle donne à voir les stratégies de non-décision ou de " contournement du politique " qu'adoptent les acteurs face aux arbitrages difficiles qu'impose la définition de priorités dans un contexte d'insuffisance des ressources. Enfin, à partir d'une analyse des controverses au sujet des effets de la réponse internationale au VIH/sida sur la cohérence des politiques de santé en Tanzanie, la thèse explore les contradictions d'une lutte verticale contre le sida dans un contexte marqué par un système de soins défaillant et une mauvaise santé générale de la population. Elle examine, sur cette base, les conditions d'élaboration d'une critique émancipatrice.
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Silva, Raquel Maria Véstia Furtado da. "A violência contra as mulheres e a violência de género como obstáculo à paz e segurança internacional : Mulheres, Paz e Segurança : a liga internacional das mulheres pela paz e liberdade : WILPF : novos desafios." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/32458.
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No presente estudo, partimos de uma abordagem crítica da violência como denominador comum da humanidade, diferenciando-a de outras construções sociais, como o conflito, a guerra, o poder e a dimensão política na construção das identidades.
Explorámos a morfologia da violência, incidindo na invisibilidade, no não reconhecimento, na banalização e privatização da violência contra as mulheres e da violência de género, nas suas vertentes de dominação socio-histórica (sexual, social, política, cultural, económica), fundamentando que os mitos e estereótipos que estão na origem do continuum da violência são os mesmos que se perpetuam e exacerbam nos cenários de guerra, mantendo-se (mesmo se assumindo outras formas) no pós-conflito.
A violência sistemática, erroneamente aceite como “normalizada”, é patológica e está enraizada numa “cultura de violência”, apatia e indiferença que se tem disseminado nas “novas guerras” da atualidade, com a alteração do padrão de conflitualidade, através do uso comum da violência sexual como “arma” e “método de guerra”, conceitos estes redutores e simplistas, que descaracterizam o papel das vítimas de violência e o impacto destruidor e degradante da violência em situações de conflito.
Adotando uma “hermenêutica da suspeita”, consideramos que é nosso dever de justiça reinterpretar o conceito de paz universal, adotando um conceito de paz holística, intersetorial e sensível ao género.
Questionamos os motivos socio-históricos e as razões da lei (através da análise do sistema internacional dos direitos humanos e da Agenda “Mulheres, Paz e Segurança”) que ocultaram e silenciaram as experiências femininas no “sistema de guerra”.
O enquadramento teórico é ilustrado com o estudo da sociedade civil transnacional e
com o estudo da primeira organização internacional pacifista de mulheres, fundada em 1915, a WILPF, abalando a consciência história discriminatória da agenda internacional ao afirmar o papel transformador das mulheres na política internacional, enquanto construtoras da paz, e desenhando uma nova narrativa histórica que reunisse a polifonia das vozes das mulheres internacionalmente.<br>The present study sets out from a critical approach to violence as a common denominator of humanity. Violence is differentiated from other social constructs such as conflict, war, power, or the political dimension in the construction of social identities.
The theoretical framework builds from a review of transnational civil society and of the first international pacifist women's organisation founded in 1915, the WILPF. Challenging what they saw as the historically discriminatory rationales of the international agenda, WILPF affirmed the transforming role of women in international politics – bringing forth their role as peacemakers, the organisation designed a new historical narrative that brings together the polyphony of women’s voices internationally.
Having explored the morphology of violence, the study looks into the issues of invisibility, non-recognition, trivialization and privatisation of violence against women, and gender-based violence. These are looked at from the perspective of socio-historical domination (sexual, social, political, cultural, and economic.) Against this backdrop, the study posits that the myths and stereotypes at the origin of the continuum of violence are the same ones that are now being perpetuated and exacerbated in war scenarios, and tend to remain in the post-conflict even if emerging in different guises.
Systemic violence, often mistakenly accepted as “normalized”, is indeed a pathology rooted in a “culture of violence” as well as in apathy and indifference – the latter are prevalent in the contemporary “new wars”. In the changing patterns of today’s armed conflicts, we see a rise in the use of sexual violence as a “weapon” and “method of war”.
These concepts, however, are limited and simplistic, firstly because they mischaracterize the role of the victims of violence, but they also fail to highlight the destructive and degrading impact of violence in contexts of armed conflict.
Adopting a “hermeneutic of suspicion”, I posit that it is our duty of justice to reinterpret the concept of universal peace, by adopting a concept of holistic, inter-sector, and gender-sensitive peace. I question the socio-historical underpinnings as well as the reasons why the law system has generally kept hidden and silenced women's experiences in the “system of war”. This was done through an analysis of the international human rights system and the “Women Peace and Security” Agenda
Books on the topic "Global Control Society"
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Ronald, Deibert, ed. Access denied: The practice and policy of global Internet filtering. MIT Press, 2008.
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Diallo, Gorgui Sène. Senegalese civil society in the implementation of AIDS funds: Case study, global fund project, phase II, round 1. Alliance nationale contre le SIDA, 2007.
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Sazhina, Muza, Anna Kashirova, Stanislav Makarov, and Egor Osiop. The social wealth of the innovation system. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1875920.
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The monograph reveals the key socio-economic problems of the innovation economy: its content as a knowledge economy and its role in evolutionary development; human capital (living intelligence) as the main resource of the innovation economy. Much attention is paid to the institutional support of innovation through a system of institutions and mutually beneficial contracts. The mixed mechanism of implementation of innovative activity as a synthesis of spontaneous market self-regulation and conscious public administration is shown. The result of the "social control" of society and the state is the coordination of the actions of economic entities and the ordering of economic processes.
 The most important institution of human society is the family as a strong power in the state. And the person himself with his knowledge, culture, ethics and morality is the main value of society. The main purpose of the family is to reproduce life and provide a person with everything necessary. The state as an institution manages a person's education and health, helps to change his lifestyle, strengthening humanity, ethics, morality and culture of life.
 The modern global economy remains a sphere of domination of market egoism. It is the market that performs the function of morality as a person and society as a whole. In the global economy, a person is not a representative of the people, but a representative of the system, a standard way of life. And he should live in communication based on respect for each other.
 It is concluded that today the main wealth of society is not material, but social wealth: the person himself with his knowledge, culture, ethics and morality is a living intellect; a family with the reproduction of life; immaterial knowledge that covers all types of work that cannot be calculated and paid, where the motive is the joy of free cooperation, free giving and community. In this "invisible economy" people mutually teach each other humanity and create a culture of joint thinking and living together. The State and society must preserve and increase the social wealth of human society.
 For students and postgraduates of economic and managerial specialties, as well as for anyone interested in this problem.
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Gadzhiev, Nazirhan, Sergey Konovalenko, and Mihail Trofimov. Theoretical aspects of the formation and development of the ecological economy in Russia. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1836240.
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The monograph is devoted to the place and role of ecology and environmental safety in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of society. In the conditions of the forced transition of the economies of the leading countries of the world from an industrial type to a new formation of a green economy aimed at ensuring the preservation of ecological systems and the maximum reduction of damage to the biodiversity of ecological systems, the Russian Federation faces the task of forming a new course of socio-economic development of society focused on the preservation of natural potential and ecology at a level normal for the maintenance of the vital activity of society, flora and fauna in the foreseeable future and in the long term.
 The role and importance of environmental safety in the system of ensuring the economic security of the state are outlined, the concept of the ideology of "Global Commons" in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of society is considered, the problems and prospects of the implementation of the program "Green Course of Russia" are analyzed, special aspects of environmental audit, accounting and control, damage assessment in the field of ecology are investigated. Special attention is paid to the forecast of the dynamics of key environmental indicators for the medium term. The main directions of increasing the effectiveness of the mechanism for ensuring environmental safety in a market economy are proposed.
 For a wide range of readers interested in environmental economics. It will be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of economic universities.
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D’Attoma, Sara. Famiglie interrotte Violenza domestica e divorzio nella recente legislazione della Repubblica Popolare Cinese. Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-602-2.
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Gender-based violence perpetrated within the family is an issue of global importance. It is no coincidence that the statistics on domestic violence committed during the ongoing pandemic have shown it as a worrying phenomenon crossing national borders and social levels. In China the consideration of domestic violence as an element of destabilisation of the family unit is rather recent. In fact, the traditional patriarchal values on which the Chinese family based its relations considered intra-family violence – particularly towards women – an accepted and fully integrated component in the normal course of relations among people belonging to the same lineage. The Pandora’s Box, which for centuries has concealed and neglected the problem, has only been uncovered since the Fourth World Conference on Women held in Beijing in 1995, which started the debate on the issue of gender-based violence and brought China to draw up annual reports on the female condition. The inclusion of the category “domestic violence” in a national law dates back to 2001 (Marriage Law) and the first ad hoc legislation to 2016. The relationship between domestic violence, social and family stability was the leitmotif that accompanied the official documents of the legislative process that led to the drafting of the Law against Domestic Violence of the PRC. This latter has focused on a prevention network aiming primarily to empower civil society, but overshadowing mere legal instruments. By analysing all the phases of this legislative process, the book aims to reflect on the regulatory instruments – in particular, divorce and the system of protection orders – and on the features of these institutions created to limit and control the problem of family violence. Furthermore, this analysis will provide insights into the social and linguistic implications that the issue of domestic violence has determined in China in the past up to nowadays.
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Ayson, Robert. The Anarchical Society and the Control of Global Violence. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779605.003.0007.
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In The Anarchical Society Bull treats violent conflict as a feature of international politics that cannot be abolished, but must be managed. With appropriate rules, which are often informal, managed violence can approximate an institution of international society. Bull’s treatment of violence reflects his earlier study of strategy and arms control, displayed in his classic The Control of the Arms Race. His arguments about the control of global violence still have purchase in a world where the superpower nuclear arms competition is no longer the central international security challenge. As America’s difficult experience in the Middle East indicates, states need to observe rules of restraint on violence even when dealing with violent non-state actors. Today’s Asia, strained by the competition between China and the United States, can only have peace and prosperity if there are rules which restrain violence. An accidental and unmanaged equilibrium of power will not do.
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Engineers, Society of Automotive. Global Emission Experiences: Processes, Measurements, and Substrates (S P (Society of Automotive Engineers)). SAE International, 1995.
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Maley, William, Srinjoy Bose, and Paul Lushenko. Drones and Global Order: Implications of Remote Warfare for International Society. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Maley, William, Srinjoy Bose, and Paul Lushenko. Drones and Global Order: Implications of Remote Warfare for International Society. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Maley, William, Srinjoy Bose, and Paul Lushenko. Drones and Global Order: Implications of Remote Warfare for International Society. Routledge, 2022.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Global Control Society"
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Hendry, Joy. "The legal system and social control in a global world." In Understanding Japanese Society. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351179911-13.
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Khan, Muhammad Amir, and Aamna Khalid. "Case Study Pakistan: Society Awareness and Media Coverage for TB Prevention and Treatment." In Handbook of Global Tuberculosis Control. Springer US, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6667-7_25.
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de Groot, Tanja, Robert Mathonet, and David Stevenson. "Global Service Control for Multi-media Networks." In Next Generation Networks. Networks and Services for the Information Society. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-40019-2_31.
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Harada, Hidenori. "Interactions Between Materials and Socio-Culture in Sanitation." In Global Environmental Studies. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7711-3_10.
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AbstractThe function of sanitation is to control the fate of human waste. A toilet is only the entrance to sanitation, and human waste as materials need to be appropriately handled throughout a sanitation service chain to control the impact of human waste on the environment. While the toilet has a private aspect, post-toilet sanitation has a public aspect. It is unclear how individuals and society should share the impact of post-toilet sanitation. Sanitation enabling the use of human waste may have greater material, socio-cultural, and health impacts in society than sanitation that does not enable the use of human waste. If the impacts caused by sanitation are unreasonable, sanitation will not be sustainable. Designing a sanitation service chain is traditionally an engineering-based business that optimizes these impacts, especially from the material and health aspects. However, in the real world, the system with the maximum benefit and minimum burden as a total for society is not necessarily preferred by all individual stakeholders. Rather than simply adjusting stakeholders’ interests, sanitation may actively establish appropriate relationships with each stakeholder, even on an individual level, to be more sustainable. Such a design approach would go beyond the traditional design approaches of sanitation optimization that use conventional engineering tools.
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Fränzle, Otto. "Commentary: Global Environment and Society (GES) Models, a Problem of Multiple Control Theory." In Earth System Analysis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52354-0_22.
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Harada, Hidenori. "Social Allocation of the Health Risks in Sanitation." In Global Environmental Studies. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7711-3_8.
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AbstractSanitation can change the fate of excreta and control the emission to the living and ambient environment, leading to the reduction of fecal exposure and the mitigation of fecal–oral infectious risk. The fate of excreta and its associated health risks in sanitation, however, may not be limited within the living boundary of a single person or even within a community. Based on examples in Vietnam, this chapter demonstrates the transfer of health risks in sanitation and its allocation in society. Along a river, fecal pollutants and the associated health risks were transferred from the urban upstream areas to rural downstream areas, resulting in the change of livelihood downstream. Resource-oriented sanitation was enabled at the expense of female farmers’ health risks through their handling of fecal matter, indicating a gender-related risk allocation. This chapter also discusses the health risk allocation of modern sewerages between those who flush excreta and those who work in the sewerages, and that of on-site sanitation along the sanitation service chain. Since sanitation possibly causes the transfer of health risks in society, sound social allocation and mitigation of health risks are essential to address social challenges in sanitation.
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Trasciani, Giorgia. "Popular Control and Social Movements: When Local Civil Societies Mobilize in Support of Migrants’ Demands for Human Rights." In Inclusive Cities and Global Urban Transformation. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7521-7_28.
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AbstractOften perceived as a threat to employment, public order and safety, immigration is still a high priority on the political agenda of the European Union Members States. However, even because conceived as a concession, little is said about the quality of reception for asylum seekers, and the respect for their rights. This work focuses specifically on the reception systems of two cities, Marseille, and Naples, and how civil society, tired of silently observing the harassment suffered by migrants, organised in order to support migrants’ struggles, asking for a decent service of reception and integration. Based on semi-structured interviews with local social movements, associations and different members of civil society, this work aims to shed light on acts of solidarity that take place daily in our cities, contrasting the selective migration policy and the increasingly privatised service of reception promoted by national public authorities.
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Çolakoğlu, Selçuk, Chaofan Chen, and Jiawei Chen. "How the Pandemic Affects Global Leadership: A Comparative Analysis of the G2 (United States and China)." In Comparative Studies on Pandemic Control Policies and the Resilience of Society. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9993-2_6.
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Fujiwara, Taku. "Social Integration and Acceptance of Emerging Sanitation Infrastructure in Japan." In Global Environmental Studies. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7711-3_11.
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AbstractAvailability and sustainable management of the sewerage system are extremely important as sanitation infrastructure to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 6. Japan has become a depopulated society since 2010, and therefore sewerage systems in Japan will face difficulties because of the decrease in human resources, deterioration of the facilities, and limited budgets. Although innovative sanitation technologies to overcome these issues are strongly required, various barriers inhibit the development, implementation, and technology diffusion. The author and his research group have developed “dual dissolved oxygen control system in oxidation ditch process” through three-way university–industry–government partnerships. This chapter summarizes the history of the development, social acceptance, and expansion to other cities of the technology and analyzes the social integration and acceptance process. The key elements behind the success of this project are as follows: (1) enthusiasm of all stakeholders toward the shared goal, (2) win-win relationships among stakeholders and respect for each other, (3) research and development considering future applications and technology diffusion, (4) participation of local governments as important stakeholders, (5) agreement of the municipal parliament of Konan City, and (6) registration of the technology to “JS Innovation Program,” by Japan Sewage Works Agency.
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Wang, Xiaowei, Feng Zhang, Dongsheng Hu, Rong Chen, and Zhengyu Song. "Review, Prospect and Technical Challenge of Launch Vehicle." In Autonomous Trajectory Planning and Guidance Control for Launch Vehicles. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0613-0_1.
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AbstractFollowing six decades of development, the technology of launch vehicle has progressed with respect to the dual action of demand traction and technical promotion, providing increasingly valuable high-tech services for society. Currently, the development of launch vehicle is progressing with respect to stronger capabilities, higher reliability, lowering costs, flexibility, and user convenience. Retrospectively, the global development history of the launch vehicle technology can be roughly categorized into four stages with distinct characteristics of the decades.
Conference papers on the topic "Global Control Society"
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Sun, Bolin, Min Cheng, Ruqi Ding, Bing Xu, and Jouni Mattila. "Compliance Motion Control of the Hydraulic Dual-Arm Manipulator Based on Virtual Decomposition Control." In 2022 Global Fluid Power Society Ph.D. Symposium. River Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.13052/rp-9788770047975.024.
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Qu, Shaoyang, Hassan Assaf, Andrea Vacca, and Enrique Busquets. "Pressure Feedback Control Of Electro-Hydraulic Actuators Using Fixed Displacement Hydraulic Machines." In 2022 Global Fluid Power Society Ph.D. Symposium. River Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.13052/rp-9788770047975.025.
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Mustalahti, Pauli, and Jouni Mattila. "Cartesian Damping Controller with Nonlinear Control for a Floating-Base Hydraulic Manipulator." In 2022 Global Fluid Power Society Ph.D. Symposium. River Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.13052/rp-9788770047975.022.
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Li, Danyang, Yajing Gu, Yonggang Lin, Jiajun Song, Xiangheng Feng, and Hongwei Liu. "Loading system for wind turbine drivetrain test bench with model-based compensation control strategy." In 2022 Global Fluid Power Society Ph.D. Symposium. River Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.13052/rp-9788770047975.021.
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Heeger, Thomas, Stephan Wegner, and Liselott Ericson. "Analysis of Compensation Ratios and Control Torques of an Axial Piston Pump with Rotated Valve Plates." In 2022 Global Fluid Power Society Ph.D. Symposium. River Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.13052/rp-9788770047975.001.
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Cadeddu, Davide. "UAVs Swarm Distributed Control based on Artificial Potential Field." In Vertical Flight Society 81st Annual Forum and Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4050/f-0081-2025-380.
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This paper presents a distributed algorithm to track a desired target while fostering the emergence of a swarm formation and providing obstacle avoidance capability to deal with unknown scenarios. The proposed approach is based on the merge between a Flight Management System for global path planning and the definition of virtual forces through a custom Artificial Potential Field to prevent drones collisions between each other, with external objects and to provide cohesion of the swarm configuration. Each drone independently computes its global route and adjusts its path based on an optimal control action to minimize a potential energy function induced by its neighbors and obstacles. This approach results in a high cost-effective strategy to enhance UAVs autonomy level by managing a large group of drones, guaranteeing a low cost per unit thanks to the low computational effort and low-budget sensor suit while providing all the capabilities to accomplish the desired mission.
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KOBIKI, Noboru, and Shigeru SAITO. "Development of Closed Loop Control System Applicable to Active Technique for Helicopter BVI Noise Reduction." In Vertical Flight Society 71st Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0071-2015-10071.
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A closed loop control system comprising of the feedback controller and the multiple pressure sensors is developed and evaluated in the wind tunnel test, where the active flap is used as a test bed of the active technique for noise reduction. The feedback controller utilizes a global model with on-line identification for the BVI noise reduction. By taking into consideration for the application to real helicopters, the BVI index generated from the pressure fluctuation on the blade is used for a control object. The control object by multiple pressure sensors which can more sufficiently represent the BVI phenomenon on the blade than by a single sensor is proposed and its capability is studied experimentally using a 1-bladed rotor system equipped with the active flap and the pressure transducers. The strong correlation between the sound pressure level measured near the blade and this BVI index generated from the surface pressure fluctuation by multiple pressure sensors is observed. Also, from the closed loop test results, a good convergence for the active flap phase of the minimum pressure fluctuation and the minimum SPL is obtained. It is concluded that the validation of the proposed control law is demonstrated and the control object utilizing the multiple pressure sensors is promising.
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Kim, Sung, Mike Bothwell, and Robert Fortenbaugh. "The Bell 525 Relentless, The World's First "Next Generation" Fly-by-Wire Commercial Helicopter." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9578.
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Since its formal launch in 2012, designers of the Bell 525 Relentless have sought feedback and utilized input from a Customer Advisory Panel (CAP) comprised of industry-leading global helicopter operators. The top initiative of this group is to adopt the features of a next generation helicopter that provides enhanced margins of flight safety. In response, the Bell 525 will be the first commercial helicopter to offer full authority fly-by-wire digital flight controls. Helicopter safety reviews have consistently found that human factors and situational awareness are the leading cause of helicopter accidents. With this history, safety clearly points to the need for careful consideration of pilot workload, especially in demanding situations such as hovering near multiple obstacles or performing in Degraded Visual Environments (DVE). Design-for-safety enhancements include Translational Rate Command / Position Hold control laws at low speed, automatic computer assisted entry into autorotation in the event of a dual engine failure, automatic OEI compensation, load alleviation provisions, and control axis decoupling. This paper describes the process of incorporating requirements for modern handling qualities design criteria into the control system design and examines the real-time testing scheduled for the 525's first flight.
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Monico, Michael, James DiOttavio, and Daniel Kakaley. "Achieving Near Zero N/Rev Vibration with Zero-Vibe Technology." In Vertical Flight Society 74th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0074-2018-12760.
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This paper discusses the results of the proof-of-concept flight test of the Zero-Vibe™ system on a UH-60M aircraft. This flight test demonstrated the Zero-Vibe™ technology and its ability to achieve historically low vibration levels on a rotary wing aircraft. The Zero-Vibe™ system achieved better vibration reductions than the baseline UH-60M bifilar and Active Vibration Control System (AVCS) in steady level flight. Global vibration reductions were demonstrated which are unachievable with the current vibration control system architecture. The risk of a secondary n/rev vibration source due to wake impingement on the tail was realized during the test and was addressed with additional Circular Force Generators (CFGs) mounted to the tail. The data collected from this test showed clear improvement compared to the baseline AVCS demonstrating the overwhelming benefit of controlling vibration at the source.
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DiOttavio, James, Joseph Andrews, Russ Altieri, and William Welsh. "Ground and Flight Testing of a Hub Mounted Vibration Suppression System." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9489.
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The performance of a new vibration control system consisting of a prototype dual-frequency Hub Mounted Vibration Suppressor (HMVS) is described. Bench tests were conducted at a LORD Corp. test facility on a CH-3 fuselage and lead to a flight test conducted on a UH-60A BLACK HAWK helicopter at the AATD flight test facility in Ft. Eustis, VA. During bench and flight test, the HMVS was used to actively nullify all fuselage N/rev vibrations due to in-plane vibratory hub loads in absence of all other vibration suppression systems, both passive and active. A direct comparison against the existing passive in-plane suppressor was made between flight phases. The flight test results indicated that the system successfully matched or exceeded performance of the existing passive system, yielding lower global fuselage vibration at a significant weight savings.
Reports on the topic "Global Control Society"
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Vecchioni, Matilde, and Sanem Topal. Unregulated: Examining the Global Proliferation of Craft-Production Weapons. UNIDIR, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/caap/24/pacav/02.
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Illicitly craft-produced small arms and light weapons (SALW) are increasingly used in episodes of armed violence, terrorism, and criminality across all regions of the world. Despite the global nature of this issue, and the significant challenges it poses for regulation, detection and control, a global discussion on and approach to this issue is lacking. In June 2024, UNIDIR will present a global study on crafted-produced SALW to increase knowledge and understanding on proliferation trends, and raise awareness of the challenges for preventing and addressing their illicit proliferation, trafficking, and misuse. This factsheet presents a preliminary and non-exhaustive overview of the information collected from 43 States, as well as United Nations entities, regional organizations, and civil society actors. This information is intended to support preparations for the Fourth Review Conference on the implementation of the Programme of Action (PoA) and International Tracing Instrument (ITI). Information presented in this Factsheet draws upon UNIDIR’s Global Survey on addressing the global craft production of SALW, which was distributed to all UN Member States during 2023. The Survey sought to gather information to enable a mapping of different types of SALW craft production around the globe, and identify challenges and effective measures to address the illicit proliferation of craft-produced SALW. UNIDIR continues to welcome contributions to this research.
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Friedman, Yuval, and Israel (Issi) Doron. Ageism and disaster situations - The case of Covid-19: A scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0148.
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Review question / Objective: What is, and how is it expressed, the interaction between the phenomenon of ageism and society's attitude and coping with a disaster situation, such as the Cuvid-19 pandemic in the professional literature? Condition being studied: The covid-19 pandemic is a type of disaster situation, as the impact of pandemics is similar to the impact of other disasters in several respects: a wide range of impact affecting society as a whole, and an increase in uncertainty and long range of impacts. At the same time, pandemics stand out as being a pervasive, unavoidable and invisible danger (Pappas et al., 2009), and this characteristic blocks us from the usual methods that can allow us to regain a sense of control. It can be said that this complex reality has led to a recognition of the need for a deeper understanding of the interaction between the reality of disaster situations (or in this case - a disaster event in the form of a global pandemic), and the phenomenon of ageism, as well as the status and place of older persons in society.
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Tyson, Paul. Orchestrated Irrationality: Why It Exists and How It Might Be Resisted. Mέta | Centre for Postcapitalist Civilisation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55405/mwp13en.
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Orchestrated irrationality in our public discourse is produced by technologically enhanced and commercially purposed atomization and tribalism. Public discourse now leans away from a humane, free, and reasoned political rationality and towards self-interested, calculative, herd conformism. The bulls and bears of consumer society have largely displaced the civic logic of the liberal democratic pursuit of the common good. The power interests that govern global consumerism are enhanced by subordinating the common good ends of genuinely political life to the self-interested and profit driven dynamics of the market. Orchestrated irrationality in our public discourse makes politics into a meaningless theatre of incommensurate tribal interest narratives, which is a convenient distraction from the collaborative consolidation of market power and state control. This orchestrated irrationality can only be combatted by seeking to de-atomize citizens and de-tribalize the public square in order to recover the priority of political life over market and authoritarian power in our public discourse. That is, a postcapitalist civilization that is oriented to a genuinely political and universally moral rationality must replace the present global order. Once we can identify the problem and the direction of cure for orchestrated irrationality, we can then take steps towards a different civilizational life-world.
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Hynd, David, Caroline Wallbank, Jonathan Kent, et al. Costs and Benefits of Electronic Stability Control in Selected G20 Countries. TRL, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.58446/lsrg3377.
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This report, commissioned by Bloomberg Philanthropies, finds that 42,000 lives could be saved and 150,000 serious injuries prevented by 2030 if all new cars in seven G20 countries were required to be equipped with an inexpensive crash avoidance technology starting in 2020. Thirteen G20 counties currently adhere to United Nations regulations on electronic stability control (ESC). If the seven remaining countries—Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico and South Africa—also mandated ESC in 2020, the report estimates $21.5 billion in economic benefit to those countries from the prevention of deaths and serious injuries. Argentina and Brazil are due to start applying ESC regulations in 2020. The UK-based Transport Research Laboratory (TRL) conducted the independent study of costs and benefits of applying ESC regulation in G20 countries, which are responsible for 98% of the world’s passenger car production. This report comes before the 3rd Ministerial Conference on Road Safety in Stockholm, which is the largest gathering of governments and is a key opportunity for adoption of this UN-recommended standard. According to the World Health Organization’s Global Road Safety Report, the number of road traffic deaths reached 1.35 million in 2016. Of all vehicle safety features, electronic stability control is regarded as the most important one for crash avoidance since it is 38% effective in reducing the number of deaths in loss-of-control collisions. ESC tries to prevent skidding and loss of control in cases of over-steering and under-steering. The technology continuously monitors a vehicle’s direction of travel, steering wheel angle and the speed at which the individual wheels are rotating. If there is a mismatch between the intended direction of travel and the actual direction of travel, as indicated by the steering wheel position, ESC will selectively apply the brakes and modulate the engine power to keep the vehicle traveling along the intended path. The cost of implementing ESC on vehicles that already contain anti-lock braking systems is thought to be as little as $50 per car. And the report finds the benefits are significant: For every dollar spent by consumers in purchasing vehicles with these technologies, there is a US$2.80 return in economic benefit to society because of the deaths and serious injuries avoided. The analysis warns that without regulation of ESC, the seven remaining G20 countries will only reach 44% installation of ESC by 2030. However, if all seven countries implemented ESC regulations this year, 85% of the total car fleet in G20 countries will have ESC by 2030, a figure still below the United Nations target of 100% ESC fleet coverage by 2030.
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Morin, S., L. L. Walling, Peter W. Atkinson, J. Li, and B. E. Tabashnik. ets for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene drive in Bemisia tabaci. United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2021.8134170.bard.
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The goal of our BARD proposal was to build both the necessary infrastructure and knowledge for using the CRISPR/Cas9-based gene drive system to control the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Our research focused on achieving three main goals: (1) establishing a CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system for producing genetically-edited B. tabaci; (2) generating and testing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutations targeting genes that represent two gene drive strategies: population replacement and population suppression; (3) using computer modeling to optimize strategies for applying CRISPR/Cas9 to control B. tabaci populations in the field. CRISPR gene drive is one of the most promising strategies for diminishing the negative impacts of harmful insects. This technique can introduce mutations into wild populations of pests that reduce their ability to cause damage, reduce their population size, or both. In principle, this can be selfsustaining because mutations carried by relatively few insects can increase in frequency and spread quickly throughout wild populations. Because of this sustainability and the potential benefits to society, agricultural gene-drive systems are most likely to be funded by government agencies, foundations, and grower associations; as with sterile insect releases and most biocontrol programs. Although gene drives have received intensive study in Drosophila and mosquito vectors of human disease, we were one of the first teams pursuing this approach for crop pests. Our project was also one of the first to address CRISPR gene drive in the Hemiptera, an insect order that includes hundreds of pest species. We focused on developing and implementing CRISPR gene drive to reduce the massive damage caused by B. tabaci. This haplodiploid insect is one of the world's most devastating crop pests. Whereas extensive work by others explored CRISPR in diploid species, our project pioneered application of this revolutionary technology to haplodiploids, which have a distinct system of inheritance that presents special challenges and opportunities. Our project has achieved several breakthroughs, including publication of the first paper analyzing CRISPR gene drive in haplodiploids (Li et al. 2020, see next section). Our modeling results from this landmark study demonstrate that CRISPR gene drive can work in haplodiploids, especially if fitness costs associated with the driver allele are low or nil. Our paper was the first to provide a conceptual framework for evaluating and optimizing CRISPR gene drive strategies for managing B. tabaci and other haplodiploid pests. Our breakthroughs in the laboratory have created the infrastructure needed to develop CRISPR for controlling B. tabaci. We established a microinjection system enabling us to introduce CRISPR-derived mutations into B. tabaci embryos. We have used this system to generate and track inherited eye-color mutants of B. tabaci. We have identified and cloned germline promoters, and demonstrated their function in transgenic B. tabaci embryos and other hemipteran insects. We have also developed a tool to easily identify B. tabaci harboring CRISPR-mediated mutations by tagging target genes using a transgenic fluorescent marker. The successful completion of our project provides all the knowledge and infrastructure essential for developing a novel genetic approach for B. tabaci control, which can serve as a non-chemical "green" alternative for managing this global pest. We predict that our discoveries will accelerate the development of the CRISPR gene drive technique for reducing the numbers of this pest and the damage it causes. Still, realization of the benefits of gene-drive technology for pest control will require sustained attention to potential environmental and societal impacts, as well as regulatory and implementation challenges. Given the great promise of this technology and the urgent need for better control methods, we expect that guidance documents and regulations will be in place to allow the scientific community to safely move gene drives for pest control from the laboratory to field trials.
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Banda, Tikulirekuti, Hanna Woldemeskel, Rachel James, and Ginger A. Johnson. From data to action: How findings from an interagency rapid qualitative assessment are stimulating action to support drought-affected communities in Zambia. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.043.
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The Republic of Zambia is one of several countries in the Eastern and Southern Africa region that has been grappling with multiple concurrent emergencies that have affected the health and safety of the population. In February 2024, a national state of emergency was declared in Zambia due to a severe and prolonged drought affecting over half of the country. These emergencies have adversely affected women and children who are especially vulnerable to diseases, malnutrition and violence. In response, the Collective Service – an interagency partnership between UNICEF, the World Health Organization and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies – has been providing technical surge support on cholera and drought emergencies. This support has been to UNICEF Zambia and its partners from the Ministry of Health, Zambia National Public Health Institute, Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU), the University of Zambia School of Public Health, Public Private Dialogue Forum and the Zambia Red Cross Society. The support has been in collaboration with global partners, including UK Public Health Rapid Support Team, SSHAP and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to conduct people-centred, rapid qualitative assessments (RQAs) to inform community engagement strategies and hold response actors accountable to affected populations. Since November 2023, the Collective Service has supported the coordination of the Zambia Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) cluster through strengthened community feedback mechanisms, operational social science training and support, and shared data intelligence and analysis. The Collective Service has also supported the implementation of RQAs to highlight important issues emerging in Zambia. Four RQAs, conducted in 2023 and 2024, focused on cholera; and two RQAs, conducted in 2024, focused on the impact of the drought across nutrition; water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH); and health and social protection. This brief summarises and shares information from the RQA, conducted from 28 May to 2 June 2024, of drought-related community perceptions and behaviours in Zambia.
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Barreix, Alberto Daniel, Jerónimo Roca, and Fernando Velayos. Quo Vadis Income Tax?: Towards the PIT-CA. Inter-American Development Bank, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007979.
Full textAbstract:
The income tax system has prevailed for more than 200 years. Its capacity to adapt to cultural, economic, political, and social change has made it the greatest raiser of revenue in human history. The 2008 financial crisis and its consequent fiscal crises brought about fundamental administrative changes, notably a greater impulse toward tax transparency. Those changes offer a challenge and an opportunity for the modification of income tax’s design. Financial systems in the developed countries, which needed huge bailouts in a context of widespread insecurity (intervention in banks and insurance companies, plunges in stock markets), ran the risk of losing the competitive advantages stemming from their institutional and regulatory stability. Sovereign debt thus grew dizzyingly as fiscal stimulus initiatives sought to recapitalize capital markets, matched by mounting social disquiet about high unemployment and the acceleration of income concentration. Thus, there was a convergence of interests among States and civil society to put an end to tax opacity. International cooperation commitments on automatic information exchange, more precise determination of business profits in each of the countries involved in the base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) project, and knowledge of the beneficial owner, not only help curb tax evasion and avoidance but also make possible changes in tax policy. This study proposes a new form of income tax based on such administrative changes. It suggests a comprehensive personal income tax that covers all of a taxpayer’s worldwide income on an accrual basis (PIT-CA), with the corporate income tax that complements it in its functions as a policy instrument, tax control, and revenue advance (withholding) of the PIT-CA itself. The proposed tax covers a taxpayer’s entire global income, without exception, which is levied on an accrual basis and is fully integrated with corporate income tax. An individual’s final tax treatment will be that of the taxpayer’s country of residence, and therefore any moves designed to secure a lower tax at source will serve little. In our view, this architecture will make it possible to boost the tax’s revenue, efficiency, equity, simplicity, and “coordinability” relative to current models. There is no doubt that the structure of income tax must be modernized in the new circumstances, and this study seeks to contribute to that process.
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Hicks, Jacqueline. Global Evidence on the Prevalence and Impact of Online Gender-based Violence (OGBV). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.140.
Full textAbstract:
This rapid review updates a previous report (Fraser and Martineau-Searle, 2018) with evidence from 2018 onwards. It finds an evidence base on online gender-based violence (OGBV) covering a wider range of countries than the previous report. Some key findings on the nature and prevalence of OGBV include: The most recent surveys show a prevalence of OGBV ranging from 16% to 58%; Men and boys also experience online abuse in high numbers, but it is less likely to be gender-based; Several studies from different countries identify Facebook as the top location for incidents of OGBV; Higher levels of online harassment and abuse are faced by people with intersecting inequality factors; According to victim-survivors, perpetrators are more likely to be unknown and acting alone, but large numbers are known to the victims. Perpetrators themselves report divergent, multifaceted and often over-lapping motivations for their actions; Analysis of underlying drivers of OGBV highlights an overarching theme of power and control, and heteronormative expectations around gender roles and sexual practice. Many authors recommend that OGBV be understood as part of a continuum of abuse where normalised behaviours, such as sexual harassment in public spaces, shade into behaviours widely recognized as criminal, such as physical assault. The societal impact of OGBV includes: Media freedom is compromised; Democracy being undermined; Economic losses resulting from lost productivity; A ‘climate of unsafety’ prevails. Evidence base: The number of surveys about self-reported experiences with online harassment has increased rapidly. The majority of the research found during the course of this rapid review came from international and domestic non-governmental organisations and think-tanks. Academic research studies were also found, including several literature reviews.
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Oladapo, Oyewole, Martin Atela, and Damilola Agbalajobi. Women’s Political Participation and its Predictors in Northern and Southern Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.023.
Full textAbstract:
The United Nations Development Programme states that women’s political participation is a necessary ingredient for a peaceful and resilient society, yet large gender gaps obstinately persist in many countries around the globe. With a focus on Nigeria and using an analysis of data from Nigeria’s 2015 and 2019 General Elections and Afrobarometer’s 2018 Nigeria Round 7 survey, this paper explores variations of women’s political participation across Southern and Northern Nigeria. In recent times, Northern Nigeria has experienced extensive conflict, and Southern Nigeria outperforms the north in terms of women’s education, participation in paid employment and control of earnings. Given these factors, conventional wisdom among policy actors and researchers would predict that women in Southern Nigeria should have considerably higher rates of political participation than those in Northern Nigeria. However, digging deeper into the available data on political participation, the paper suggests that factors such as education and employment do not predict the dimensions of women’s political participation or can predict the unexpected. The paper concludes that policymakers may need to look beyond these conventional factors when supporting programmes on women’s political participation in Nigeria. More research is needed into contextual factors to better understand what lies behind the varying levels of women’s political participation in Northern and Southern Nigeria.
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Yang, Yu, and Hen-Geul Yeh. Electrical Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Design and Operations. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2240.
Full textAbstract:
California aims to achieve five million zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) on the road by 2030 and 250,000 electrical vehicle (EV) charging stations by 2025. To reduce barriers in this process, the research team developed a simulation-based system for EV charging infrastructure design and operations. The increasing power demand due to the growing EV market requires advanced charging infrastructures and operating strategies. This study will deliver two modules in charging station design and operations, including a vehicle charging schedule and an infrastructure planning module for the solar-powered charging station. The objectives are to increase customers’ satisfaction, reduce the power grid burden, and maximize the profitability of charging stations using state-of-the-art global optimization techniques, machine-learning-based solar power prediction, and model predictive control (MPC). The proposed research has broad societal impacts and significant intellectual merits. First, it meets the demand for green transportation by increasing the number of EV users and reducing the transportation sector’s impacts on climate change. Second, an optimal scheduling tool enables fast charging of EVs and thus improves the mobility of passengers. Third, the designed planning tools enable an optimal design of charging stations equipped with a solar panel and battery energy storage system (BESS) to benefit nationwide transportation system development.