Relevant bibliographies by topics / Global ground fields

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Global ground fields'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Global ground fields"

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Skačkauskas, Paulius, and Edgar Sokolovskij. "Analysis of the Hybrid Global Path Planning Algorithm for Different Environments." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 20, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2019-0001.

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Abstract To achieve the overall goal of realising an efficient and advantageous participation of autonomous ground vehicles in the transport system as fast as possible, a lot of work is being done in different and specific research fields. One of the most important research fields, which has a large impact on safe autonomous ground vehicle realisation, is the development of path planning algorithms. Therefore, this work describes in detail the development and application of a hybrid path planning algorithm. The described algorithm is based on classical and heuristic path planning approaches and can be applied in unstructured and structured environments. The efficiency of the algorithm was investigated by applying the algorithm and executing theoretical and experimental tests. The theoretical and experimental tests were executed while optimising different complexity paths. Results analysis demonstrated that the described algorithm can generate a smooth, dynamically feasible and collision-free path.
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Rothe, Delf, and David Shim. "Sensing the ground: On the global politics of satellite-based activism." Review of International Studies 44, no. 3 (January 23, 2018): 414–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210517000602.

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AbstractIn recent years, satellite imagery, previously restricted to the defence and intelligence communities, has been made available to a range of non-state actors as well. Non-governmental organisations, journalists, and celebrities such as George Clooney now use remote sensing data like digital Sherlock Holmeses to investigate and reveal human rights abuses, political violence, environmental destruction, and eco-crimes from a distance. It is often said that the increasing availability and applicability of remote sensing technologies has contributed to the rise of what can be called ‘satellite-based activism’ empowering non-state groups to challenge state practices of seeing and showing. In this article we argue that NGO activism is not challenging the sovereign gaze of the state but, on the contrary, actually reinforcing it. We will bolster our arguments in this regard in two prominent fields of non-governmental remote sensing: human rights and environmental governance.
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Bodeker, Greg E., Jan Nitzbon, Jordis S. Tradowsky, Stefanie Kremser, Alexander Schwertheim, and Jared Lewis. "A global total column ozone climate data record." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 8 (August 11, 2021): 3885–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3885-2021.

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Abstract. Total column ozone (TCO) data from multiple satellite-based instruments have been combined to create a single near-global daily time series of ozone fields at 1.25∘ longitude by 1∘ latitude spanning the period 31 October 1978 to 31 December 2016. Comparisons against TCO measurements from the ground-based Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometer networks are used to remove offsets and drifts between the ground-based measurements and a subset of the satellite-based measurements. The corrected subset is then used as a basis for homogenizing the remaining data sets. The construction of this database improves on earlier versions of the database maintained first by the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) and now by Bodeker Scientific (BS), referred to as the NIWA-BS TCO database. The intention is for the NIWA-BS TCO database to serve as a climate data record for TCO, and to this end, the requirements for constructing climate data records, as detailed by GCOS (the Global Climate Observing System), have been followed as closely as possible. This new version includes a wider range of satellite-based instruments, uses updated sources of satellite data, extends the period covered, uses improved statistical methods to model the difference fields when homogenizing the data sets, and, perhaps most importantly, robustly tracks uncertainties from the source data sets through to the final climate data record which is now accompanied by associated uncertainty fields. Furthermore, a gap-free TCO database (referred to as the BS-filled TCO database) has been created and is documented in this paper. The utility of the NIWA-BS TCO database is demonstrated through an analysis of ozone trends from November 1978 to December 2016. Both databases are freely available for non-commercial purposes: the DOI for the NIWA-BS TCO database is https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1346424 (Bodeker et al., 2018) and is available from https://zenodo.org/record/1346424. The DOI for the BS-filled TCO database is https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3908787 (Bodeker et al., 2020) and is available from https://zenodo.org/record/3908787. In addition, both data sets are available from http://www.bodekerscientific.com/data/total-column-ozone (last access: June 2021).
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Heise, S., G. Dick, G. Gendt, T. Schmidt, and J. Wickert. "Integrated water vapor from IGS ground-based GPS observations: initial results from a global 5-min data set." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 7 (July 16, 2009): 2851–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-2851-2009.

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Abstract. Ground based GPS zenith path delay (ZPD) measurements are well established as a powerful tool for integrated water vapor (IWV) observation. The International GNSS Service (IGS) provides ZPD data of currently more than 300 globally distributed GPS stations. To derive IWV from these data, meteorological information (ground pressure and mean temperature above the station) are needed. Only a limited number of IGS stations is equipped with meteorological ground sensors up to now. Thus, meteorological data for IWV conversion are usually derived from nearby ground meteorological observations (ground pressure) and meteorological analyses (mean temperature). In this paper we demonstrate for the first time the applicability of ground pressure data from ECMWF meteorological analysis fields in this context. Beside simplified data handling (no single station data and quality control) this approach allows for IWV derivation if nearby meteorological stations are not available. Using ECMWF ground pressure and mean temperature data the new IGS 5-min ZPD data set has been converted to IWV for the first time. We present initial results from selected stations with ground meteorological sensors including pressure and temperature comparisons between ECMWF and local measurements. The GPS IWV is generally validated by comparison with ECMWF IWV. The ECMWF derived station meteorological data are compared with local measurements at all accordingly equipped stations. Based on this comparison, the mean error (in terms of standard deviation) introduced by time interpolation of the 6-hourly ECMWF data is estimated below 0.2 mm IWV.
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Spergel, David, and Robert Williams. "Global Coordination: What are the Next Steps?" Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29A (August 2015): 276–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316003045.

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From the transit expeditions of 1761 to JWST, ALMA, and the SKA, international projects have played an important role in driving astronomy and heliophysics. Over the past two decades, the increasing complexity and cost of new facilities, the constrained amount of funding available from individual sources, and the rapidly increasing volume of data produced by newer facilities have made international collaboration on large ground- and space-based facilities essential to moving the fields forward. As international cooperation becomes commonplace, data-sharing policies have become ever more important. All IAU members have a stake in the policy decisions made by nations and various scientific consortiums concerning data access and international collaborations. This focus meeting provided a forum to discuss how to improve coordination of global strategic planning in astronomy, astrophysics, and heliophysics in order to maximize the scientific return from research facilities.
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Voudouri, Aikaterini, Evgenia Chaideftou, and Athanassios Sfougaris. "Topsoil Seed Bank as Feeding Ground for Farmland Birds: A Comparative Assessment in Agricultural Habitats." Land 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10090967.

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The topsoil seed bank was studied in four types of agricultural bird habitats: fields with cereals, maize, clover and tilled fields of a Mediterranean plain to determine the potentially richest habitat based on food supply for the wintering farmland birds. The diversity and abundance of topsoil seeds differed between seasons but did not differ significantly between habitats. The cereal habitat was the richest in food supply for the overwintering of farmland birds. The topsoil seed bank was dominated by Chenopodium album, Polygonum aviculare and Amaranthus retroflexus. The findings of this study provide insight for low-intensity management of higher-elevation mount agricultural areas of southern Mediterranean by preserving seed-rich habitats for farmland avifauna.
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Sensoy Bahar, Ozge. "A Promising Partnership: Uncovering the Middle Ground Between Social Innovation and Social Work." Research on Social Work Practice 27, no. 2 (August 3, 2016): 131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731516658769.

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This response article discusses opportunities to bridge social work and social innovation as a promising partnership to address the issues impacting vulnerable populations across the global context. It starts by revisiting the conceptualization of innovation in social work and continues by considering factors that contribute to the growing interest in social innovation and related concepts. This article concludes by discussing differences in social work and social innovation and how these differences can be turned into opportunities for a fruitful partnership that can push both fields forward.
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Banerjee, D. "Observational review on global waves." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S247 (September 2007): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308015111.

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AbstractWith multi-wavelength observations from ground and space-based instruments it has been possible to detect waves in a number of different wavelengths simultaneously and to, consequently, study their propagation properties. High-resolution wave observations combined with forward MHD modelling can give an unprecedented insight into the connectivity of the magnetized solar atmosphere, which further gives us a realistic chance to construct the structure of the magnetic field in the stellar atmosphere. This type of exploration is also termed as magnetic seismology. In this review I will focus on global waves, like EIT waves. I will also address the possibility of finding out the properties of magnetic structures while studying the interaction of global waves with coronal loops. A Promising new way to probe stellar atmosphere is to use our knowledge of coronal seismology on the Sun and to apply it to more distant stars. It will also enable us to measure properties such as the lengths of loops linked with stellar flares and the strengths of coronal magnetic fields on stars. In the last part I will review the current status of the stellar coronal seismology.
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Zhang, Xue Qin, Xu Zhang, and Xin Wen Yu. "Application Research of Satellite-Ground Positioning Technology in Forestry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 530-531 (February 2014): 715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.715.

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Global satellite positioning technology has been applied to transport, mapping, security, agriculture, forestry and other fields. In this study, we summarized the application of satellite positioning technology in forestry, pointed out issues of low signal amplitude, and low accuracy of positioning in practical application. This paper introduced the theories of several commonly used assist positioning technologies, such as, Wi-Fi positioning, wireless sensor network positioning and inertial navigation, analyzed its application in forestry base on its characteristics of these positioning technologies, then proposed the technical method of the combining positioning. Designed the locating scheme of forestry based on nature reserve patrol business, and briefly introduced its basic theories. In this study, we analyzed the feasibility of the application of wireless positioning in forestry by control variables and regression analysis.
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Chrzanowski, Adam, Chen Yong-qi, Roger W. Leeman, Julio Leal, and Maraven. "Integration of the global positioning system with geodetic leveling surveys in ground subsidence studies." CISM journal 43, no. 4 (January 1989): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/geomat-1989-0039.

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Integration of GPS measurements with terrestrial geodetic leveling has been implemented by the authors in monitoring ground subsidence in oil fields in Venezuela in an area of about 50 km x 50 km. The subsidence rate reaches up to 20 cm/year. A mathematical model for combining the GPS surveys with dynamic leveling measurements has been developed by utilizing the well known University of New Brunswick generalized method of deformation analysis. The implementation of GPS was preceded by test surveys (5 survey campaigns) in Canada on a network with 0.7 km to 30 km baselines, using TI 4100, WM101, and Trimble 4000SX receivers, and on a portion of the monitoring network in Venezuela (2 survey campaigns) using WM101 receivers. The accuracy of the test surveys has been evaluated using MINQE technique and by comparing the subsidences determined with GPS and precise leveling. The results indicate that with C/A-code receivers and with the present geometry of the satellite distribution, the vertical component of the short and medium (up to 30 km) length of the GPS baselines can be determined with an accuracy ranging from 15 mm in a moderate climate to 30 mm in hot and humid conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Global ground fields"

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Izquierdo, Diego. "Dualité et principe local-global sur les corps de fonctions." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS345/document.

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Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à l'arithmétique de certains corps de fonctions. Nous cherchons à établir dans un premier temps des théorèmes de dualité arithmétique sur ces corps, pour les appliquer ensuite à l'étude des points rationnels sur certaines variétés algébriques. Dans les trois premiers chapitres, nous travaillons sur le corps des fonctions d'une courbe sur un corps local supérieur (comme Qp, Qp((t)), C((t)) ou C((t))((u))). Dans le premier chapitre, nous établissons sur un tel corps des théorèmes de dualité arithmétique « à la Poitou-Tate » pour les modules finis, les tores, et même pour certains complexes de tores. Nous montrons aussi l'existence, sous certaines hypothèses, de certaines portions des suites exactes de Poitou-Tate correspondantes. Ces résultats sont appliqués dans le deuxième chapitre à l'étude du principe local-global pour les algèbres simples centrales, de l'approximation faible pour les tores, et des obstructions au principe local-global pour les torseurs sous des groupes linéaires connexes. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous nous penchons sur les variétés abéliennes et établissons des théorèmes de dualité arithmétique « à la Cassels-Tate ». Cela demande aussi de mener une étude fine des variétés abéliennes sur les corps locaux supérieurs. Dans le quatrième et dernier chapitre, nous travaillons sur les corps des fractions de certaines algèbres locales normales de dimension 2 (typiquement C((x, y)) ou Fp((x, y))). Nous établissons d'abord un théorème de dualité en cohomologie étale « à la Artin-Verdier » dans ce contexte. Cela nous permet ensuite de montrer des théorèmes de dualité arithmétique en cohomologie galoisienne « à la Poitou-Tate » pour les modules finis et les tores. Nous appliquons finalement ces résultats à l'étude de l'approximation faible pour les tores et des obstructions au principe local-global pour les torseurs sous des groupes linéaires connexes
In this thesis, we are interested in the arithmetic of some function fields. We first want to establish arithmetic duality theorems over those fields, in order to apply them afterwards to the study of rational points on algebraic varieties. In the first three chapters, we work on the function field of a curve defined over a higher-dimensional local field (such as Qp, Qp((t)), C((t)) or C((t))((u))). In the first chapter, we establish "Poitou-Tate type" arithmetic duality theorems over such fields for finite modules, tori and even some complexes of tori. We also prove the existence, under some hypothesis, of parts of the corresponding Poitou-Tate exact sequences. These results are applied in the second chapter to the study of the local-global principle for central simple algebras, of weak approximation for tori, and of obstructions to local-global principle for torsors under connected linear algebraic groups. In the third chapter, we are interested in abelian varieties and we establish "Cassels-Tate type" arithmetic duality theorems. To do so, we also need to carry out a precise study of abelian varieties over higher-dimensional local fields. In the fourth and last chapter, we work on the field of fractions of some 2-dimensional normal local algebras (such as C((x, y)) or Fp((x, y))). We first establish in this context an "Artin-Verdier type" duality theorem in étale cohomology. This allows us to prove "Poitou-Tate type" arithmetic duality theorems in Galois cohomology for finite modules and tori. In the end, we apply these results to the study of weak approximation for tori and of obstructions to local-global principle for torsors under connected linear algebraic groups
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Van, Winkle Kristina A. "Educating for Global Competence: Co-Constructing Outcomes in the Field: An Action Research Project." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1626442252415126.

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Kaulicke, Peter. "Nota editorial." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113449.

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王凱民. "On the Arithmetic of Brauer Groups over Local and Global Fields." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51179738253540295322.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
數學系
100
We study some arithmetical properties of Brauer groups, crossed-product algebras, cyclic algebras, and the connection between them. In §1, we will show that each class in the Brauer group of a field K is represented by a central simple K-algebra. In §2, we begin with a thorough discussion of crossed- product algebras. In §3, we discuss the cyclic algebras. In §4, we explore the relations between cyclic algebras over a local field K and skewfields with center K and finite index. In §5, we consider central simple algebras over global fields.
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Cerviño, Juan Marcos. "The Minkowski-Siegel Formula for quadratic bundles on curves." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B399-7.

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Books on the topic "Global ground fields"

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International Workshop on GPS Meteorology (2003 Tsukuba, Japan). Application of GPS remote sensing to meteorology and related fields: A collection of papers presented at the International Workshop on GPS Meteorology : GPS meteorology: ground-based and space-borne applications : 14-17 Jan. 2003, Tsukuba, Japan. Tokyo, Japan: Meteorological Society of Japan, 2004.

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Hoffman, J. R. DGPS field strength measurements at a GWEN site. [Boulder, Colo.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1998.

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Shparlinski, Igor E., and David R. Kohel. Frobenius distributions: Lang-Trotter and Sato-Tate conjectures : Winter School on Frobenius Distributions on Curves, February 17-21, 2014 [and] Workshop on Frobenius Distributions on Curves, February 24-28, 2014, Centre International de Rencontres Mathematiques, Marseille, France. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2016.

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Luu, Martin T. Deformation theory and local-global compatibility of langlands correspondences. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2015.

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Brauer groups, Tamagawa measures, and rational points on algebraic varieties. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2014.

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Oliner, Samuel P. Race, ethnicity and gender: A global perspective : original chapters by scholars in the field. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1997.

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The endoscopic classification of representations orthogonal and symplectic groups. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2013.

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D, Goldfeld, ed. Collected works of Hervé Jacquet. Providence, R.I: American Mathematical Society, 2011.

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Gelʹfand, I. M. Representation theory and automorphic functions. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society : AMS Chelsea Publishing, 2016.

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1965-, Aubry Yves, Ritzenthaler Christophe 1976-, Zykin Alexey 1984-, and Geocrypt Conference (2011 : Bastia, France), eds. Arithmetic, geometry, cryptography and coding theory: 13th Conference on Arithmetic, Geometry, Cryptography and Coding Theory, March 14-18, 2011, CIRM, Marseille, France : Geocrypt 2011, June 19-24, 2011, Bastia, France. Providence, R.I: American Mathematical Society, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Global ground fields"

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Pizmony-Levy, Oren, and Erwin H. Epstein. "The Social Organization of CIES Special Interest Groups." In Crafting a Global Field, 168–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33186-7_10.

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Krashen, Daniel. "Field Patching, Factorization, and Local–Global Principles." In Quadratic Forms, Linear Algebraic Groups, and Cohomology, 57–82. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6211-9_4.

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Margulis, Gregori Aleksandrovitch. "Normal Subgroups and “Abstract” Homomorphisms of Semisimple Algebraic Groups Over Global Fields." In Discrete Subgroups of Semisimple Lie Groups, 258–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51445-6_9.

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Detmer, Thomas, Peter Schmelcher, and Lorenz S. Cederbaum. "Hydrogen Molecule in a Magnetic Field: The Global Ground State of the Parallel Configuration." In High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering ’98, 161–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58600-2_18.

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Mahon, Rianne. "IOs’ Role in Global Social Governance: Family Policy." In International Organizations in Global Social Governance, 187–206. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65439-9_8.

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AbstractThis chapter focuses on family policy as an object of global social governance. From the 1990s to 2008, the family policy field was bifurcated. One part, focused on family norms in the North, followed the shift from the male breadwinner to the adult earner family with its work-family tensions. Here the main IOs were the ILO and the OECD. The second part focused on the South and policies targeting children in poor families. Although UNICEF clearly played an important role on the ground here, it was the World Bank that took the lead in elaborating and disseminating the core ideas. Since the 2008 crisis, the field has come together through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which simultaneously address both North and South. The dominant discourse is ‘inclusive growth’, challenged by the more critical discourse on the ‘care economy’.
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Gramlich, Köhl né. "On the Geometry of Global Function Fields, the Riemann–Roch Theorem, and Finiteness Properties of S-Arithmetic Groups." In Buildings, Finite Geometries and Groups, 49–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0709-6_4.

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Shimura, Goro. "Quadratic forms, Clifford algebras, and spin groups over a local or global field." In Arithmetic and Analytic Theories of Quadratic Forms and Clifford Groups, 37–92. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/surv/109/02.

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Danisi, Carmelo, Moira Dustin, Nuno Ferreira, and Nina Held. "Life in the Countries of Origin, Departure and Travel Towards Europe." In IMISCOE Research Series, 139–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69441-8_5.

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AbstractAccording to the United Nations (UN), at least 258 million people are moving across countries around the globe, consciously or unconsciously, in search of a safe and dignified life (IOM 2019; UN 2017). The international attempt to regulate these movements through the so-called Compacts seems unlikely to provide effective solutions. Often criticised as being non-binding instruments but with great potential in shaping states’ future behaviour (Türk 2018), the Compacts are not explicit in including SOGI minorities in the measures to be adopted through international cooperation for improving the management of migration and refugee flows, while respecting their human rights. It is noticeable that objective no. 7 (‘Address and reduce vulnerabilities in migration’) of the Global Compact related to migration refers to ‘victims of violence, including sexual and gender-based violence (…) [and] persons who are discriminated against on any basis’ as examples of vulnerable groups and, more generally, advances the development of gender-responsive migration policies (Atak et al. 2018). Equally, the Global Compact on Refugees pays attention in all fields to ‘sexual and gender-based violence’, while calling upon states to strengthen international efforts to prevent and combat it (paras. 5, 13, 51, 57, 59, 72 and 75). Yet, although this wording may be inclusive of SOGI, the Compacts avoided any specific reference or commitment in relation either to migrants who identify themselves as LGBTIQ+ or to SOGI claimants, perhaps owing to the need for the widest possible consensus among UN member states to secure the Compacts’ adoption. This represents a missed opportunity to raise awareness of SOGI asylum claimants’ needs at the universal level and speed up multilateral solutions to the movements across countries of people fleeing homophobia and transphobia.
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Sassen, Kenneth, and Gerald Mace. "Ground-based Remote Sensing of Cirrus Clouds." In Cirrus. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195130720.003.0012.

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Cirrus clouds have only recently been recognized as having a significant influence on weather and climate through their impact on the radiative energy budget of the atmosphere. In addition, the unique difficulties presented by the study of cirrus put them on the “back burner” of atmospheric research for much of the twentieth century. Foremost, because they inhabit the frigid upper troposphere, their inaccessibility has hampered intensive research. Other factors have included a lack of in situ instrumentation to effectively sample the clouds and environment, and basic uncertainties in the underlying physics of ice cloud formation, growth, and maintenance. Cloud systems that produced precipitation, severe weather, or hazards to aviation were deemed more worthy of research support until the mid- 1980s. Beginning at this time, however, major field research programs such as the First ISCCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Program) Regional Experiment (FIRE; Cox et al. 1987), International Cirrus Experiment (ICE; Raschke et al. 1990), Experimental Cloud Lidar Pilot Study (ECLIPS; Platt et al. 1994), and the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program (Stokes and Schwartz 1994) have concentrated on cirrus cloud research, relying heavily on ground-based remote sensing observations combined with research aircraft. What has caused this change in research emphasis is an appreciation for the potentially significant role that cirrus play in maintaining the radiation balance of the earth-atmosphere system (Liou 1986). As climate change issues were treated more seriously, it was recognized that the effects, or feedbacks, of extensive high-level ice clouds in response to global warming could be pivotal. This fortunately came at a time when new generations of meteorological instrumentation were becoming available. Beginning in the early 1970s, major advancements were made in the fields of numerical cloud modeling and cloud measurements using aircraft probes, satellite multispectral imaging, and remote sensing with lidar, short-wavelength radar, and radiometers, all greatly facilitating cirrus research. Each of these experimental approaches have their advantages and drawbacks, and it should also be noted that a successful cloud modeling effort relies on field data for establishing boundary conditions and providing case studies for validation. Although the technologies created for in situ aircraft measurements can clearly provide unique knowledge of cirrus cloud thermodynamic and microphysical properties (Dowling and Radke 1990), available probes may suffer from limitations in their response to the wide range of cirrus particles and actually sample a rather small volume of cloud during any mission.
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Kennel, Charles F. "The Bell-Like Magnetosphere." In Convection and Substorms. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195085297.003.0006.

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The fact that the geomagnetic field “pulsates” was known a century before the space age opened. The century of ground-based observations did lead to an effective empirical classification of the pulsations based on period, wave form, and geographical distribution (Section 3.1), but why the magnetic field of an astronomical body should oscillate on short time scales was a first-class scientific puzzle that could only by solved in the space age. Low-frequency hydromagnetic waves were first observed in the distant magnetosphere on Explorer 6 (Judge and Coleman, 1962). The task for space research was to relate the oscillations of plasma and fields in deep space to the ground observations using the refined theoretical languages of magnetohydrodynamics and plasma physics. There have been two critical issues. The first was to understand how plasma instabilities generate some of the observed pulsations. The second, the subject of this chapter, has been to understand how motions of the magnetopause induced by the variability of the solar wind are communicated to the interior of the magnetosphere. The breakthrough came when it was understood that the MHD fast mode can cross field lines and couple resonantly to localized standing Alfven waves. What is seen on the ground is due primarily to the resonant Alfven waves (Section 3.3). In Section 3.4, we provide basic theoretical information about the eigenmodes of the “MHD box” as a conceptual framework for the observations of oscillating fields and particles in the magnetospheric cavity. Space observations provided convincing evidence for the existence of standing Alfven waves shortly after the fast-wave coupling theory was proposed (Section 3.5). The next issue was which standing wave harmonics are excited (Section 3.6). Multiharmonic excitations now seem to be a semipermanent feature of the dayside magnetosphere, attesting to the constant activity at the magnetopause. There have been a few observations of the “global mode,” the low-frequency, radially standing compressional wave that may be responsible for discrete frequency resonant oscillations (Section 3.7).
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Conference papers on the topic "Global ground fields"

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Zhang, Shaoqing, and Qun Wu. "Influence of mixed finite conductivity on lightning electromagnetic fields under the ground." In 2012 5th Global Symposium on Millimeter Waves (GSMM 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gsmm.2012.6314406.

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Marin (Barbu), Corina Aurora, and Elenа Condreа. "Choosing the Hotel According to the Quality Presented by Influencers on Social Networks." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/51.

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The tourism industry has found an incredibly fertile ground to reach potential customers with the growth of social media. With the influencers’ tendencies to share moments in their lives and especially about their travels, social networks have become one of the most powerful weapons that travel agencies and hotels use to attract as many customers as possible. The phenomenon of influencers is one in development in our country as well. New accounts are constantly appearing on social networks, promoting brands from many fields (beauty, fashion, cooking, sports and even tourism). We are witnessing a revolution in the consumption of audiovisual content, and the development of the concept of influencer confirms this. The main purpose of this paper is to explore how influencers can influence consumers’ decisions in choosing a hotel. It will focus on research on attitudes and opinions on social media and information in tourism in Romania. The data were collected through an online opinion poll and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Research has shown a great advantage in using influencers to attract customers. However, customers who choose certain hotels through influencers come with higher expectations, which is why the quality of services must rise to the highest standards.
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Efrat, Ido. "Recovering higher global and local fields from Galois groups – an algebraic approach." In Higher local fields. Mathematical Sciences Publishers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/gtm.2000.3.273.

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Rossmann, Juergen, Thomas Josef Jung, and Malte Rast. "Developing Virtual Testbeds for Tasks in Research and Engineering." In ASME 2010 World Conference on Innovative Virtual Reality. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/winvr2010-3719.

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Simulation in the context of robotic engineering often focuses on very special details of global systems. For example robot designers usually begin with the analysis of new actuators and joint designs. This corresponds to a “bottom-up”-strategy in the development of complex simulation models. This is probably a good choice for classical fields of robotic applications, e.g. in production plants with well defined system states and environments, because it allows very detailed insights into the analyzed subsystems. On the other hand, unpredictable effects of the interaction of multiple subsystems may easily be overseen. To overcome this problem, this paper presents the idea and some practical aspects of the implementation of a virtual test environment (Virtual Testbed). In a Virtual Testbed, the entire system is simulated as a whole in virtual reality — not only small subsystems of a global system. According to requirements simulation of special subsystems is refined by specific simulation methods and integrated into the overall simulation framework. In contrast to the classical “bottom-up”-strategy this can be seen as a “top-down”-approach in the development of complex simulation models. Therefore a platform for the development of versatile simulation and testing environments is presented. Using the example of the evaluation and testing of an extraterrestrial walking exploration robot design in its Virtual Testbed, the idea is further deepened. As a special field of attention the integration of a method of soil simulation for the refinement of foot-ground-interaction as a particular requirement of this kind of simulation is described.
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Gunta, Amruta Varshini, Botsa Venkata Ramana, Subbarao Bandaru, and C. B. Rao Kota. "Modeling and Simulation of Ground Field Sensor for EMP Measurement." In 2019 IEEE 5th Global Electromagnetic Compatibility Conference (GEMCCON). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gemccon48223.2019.9132833.

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Magdalena, Ionuţ. "Transfer of Marketing Knowledge in SMEs." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/14.

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The purpose of this paper was to investigate the differences in adolescentsʼ parentsʼ perception regarding the illegal drugs and drugs consumption among the adolescents. In order to carry out the research, a sociological questionnaire was developed, subsecvently to a qualitative information obtained by organizing 6 focus groups. The field survey was conducted in the municipality of Arad consisted of polling through the questionnaire technique a number of 204 families of students from 12 high schools. The results showed significant differences at thresholds of less than 0.05 between the group with high school and university degrees for variable knowledge and symptoms, between the parent group of Catholic religion and the other two groups (Orthodox and neo-Protestant) for knowledge and drug variables and also significant differences depending of the family structure. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between groups regarding the financial level of the families and the living environment. During the research there was also followed the perspective of the parents of adolescents on the most used drugs among the students: in their opinion, the most used drugs are marijuana and ethnobotanical, with 120, respectively 113 points, followed by ecstasy and cocaine, with 75, respectively 64 points, and on the last places on consumption are the other types of drugs tested, with scores below 35 points. The result of Chi-square test showed that the values of χ² are statistically significant for all drug categories, except for ethnobotanicals, in other words, the results can be generalized to the entire population.
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Lu, Luke. "Take K-12 Students for Global Field Trips by Interactive Droneography." In SIGGRAPH '21: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3450415.3464402.

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Sengupta, Manajit. "Using High Resolution Solar Measurement in PV Variability Studies." In ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91230.

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Clouds, aerosols, water vapor and other atmospheric constituents influence solar energy reaching the earth’s surface. Each of these atmospheric constituents has it’s own inherent scale of temporal and spatial variability and they in turn influence the variability in the amount of solar radiation reaching the earth’s surface. This combined influence of the atmospheric constituents and their separate variability characteristics makes solar variability modeling a complicated task. Output from photovoltaic (PV) power plants is dependent on the amount of solar energy reaching the surface. Therefore variability in solar radiation results in variability in PV plant output. The issue of variability in PV plant output has become important in the last couple of years as utility scale PV plants go online and increase in size. Understanding variability in PV plant output requires an understanding of (a) the spatial and temporal variability of solar radiation; (b) the influence of this solar variability on PV plant output. The goal of this paper is to understand what temporal and spatial scales of variability in Global Horizontal Radiation (GHI) are important to a PV plants and what measurements are needed to be able to characterize them. As solar radiation measuring instruments are point receivers it is important to understand how those measurements translate to energy received over a larger spatial extent. Also of importance is the temporal nature of variability characterized not at a single point on the ground but over large spatial areas. In this research we use high temporal and spatial resolution measurements from multiple time synchronized solar radiation sensors to create solar radiation fields at various spatial and temporal scales using a wide range of interpolation techniques. These solar fields are then used to create plant power output for various size PV plants. As various interpolation schemes can produce different distributions we investigate the impact of interpolation schemes on GHI and power output distribution. While power output from PV plants is an important quantity the temporal variability of power is a matter of concern to utilities. In this paper we show how PV plant output varies across different time scales.
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Landstro¨m, Christoffer, Lasse Christoffersen, and Lennart Lo¨fdahl. "Investigation of the Cooling and Underbody Flow Field on a Detailed Scale Model Passenger Car: Part 2—Effect of Ground Simulation." In ASME 2009 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2009-78516.

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Future demands on passenger cars consist to a large extend of making them more energy efficient. Reducing the driving resistance by reducing the aerodynamic drag will be one important part in reducing fuel consumption. In most cases during passenger car development, early experimental investigations are performed in scale model wind tunnels. Considering that such models inevitably suffer from Reynolds number effects it is important to understand how this affects the test results. Investigations of the aerodynamics of a detailed scale model Volvo S60 have been performed in the aerodynamic wind tunnel at Chalmers University of Technology. The investigation aimed at increasing the understanding of how the flow field in scale model testing is affected by ground simulation and different cooling air flow configurations at different Reynolds numbers. A full width moving ground system was used in the experiments. Pressure taps were distributed between the cooling air inlets, the underbody and the vehicle base. An internal six component balance was used to measure global forces and moments. By combining the results from the measurements it was possible to increase the understanding of some of the local flow features. Results showed significant Reynolds number effects both with stationary ground as well as moving ground and rotating wheels. Global aerodynamic drag as well as front and rear axle lift was found to be affected.
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Fathi, Ali, Onyekachi Ndubuaku, and Samer Adeeb. "Using Controlled Global Buckling to Improve Buried Pipelines Performance Under Large Compressive Ground Displacements." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78084.

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This paper presents the basic concept and verification tests results of a novel method designed to prevent failures of buried pipelines subjected to compressive deformations which are usually caused by ground movements. In this method the boundary conditions of the buried pipes are modified by installing soft elements next to the pipe before backfilling. With the new boundary conditions, the pipe response under large compressive forces will be in form of a stable global buckling mode with a predefined deformed shape. This behavior prevents rapid increase in the compressive axial force that causes local buckling, wrinkling, and subsequent softening, and strain localization. By using this method, pipes can have an extended compressive hardening response that absorbs large compressive displacements. The evaluation of this concept and its performance level were studied through a series of lab tests on 4-1/2 inch pipe specimens under simulated field conditions. The test results confirmed the anticipated performance of this technique which can evolve into a design method.
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Reports on the topic "Global ground fields"

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Robert, J., and Michael Forte. Field evaluation of GNSS/GPS based RTK, RTN, and RTX correction systems. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41864.

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This Coastal and Hydraulic Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) details an evaluation of three Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/Global Positioning System (GPS) real-time correction methods capable of providing centimeter-level positioning. Internet and satellite-delivered correction systems, Real Time Network (RTN) and Real Time eXtended (RTX), respectively, are compared to a traditional ground-based two-way radio transmission correction system, generally referred to as Local RTK, or simply RTK. Results from this study will provide prospective users background information on each of these positioning systems and comparisons of their respective accuracies during in field operations.
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Branduardi-Raymont, Graziella, and et al. SMILE Definition Study Report. ESA SCI, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/esa.smile.definition_study_report-2018-12.

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The SMILE definition study report describes a novel self-standing mission dedicated to observing solar wind-magnetosphere coupling via simultaneous in situ solar wind/magnetosheath plasma and magnetic field measurements, X-Ray images of the magnetosheath and magnetic cusps, and UV images of global auroral distributions defining system-level consequences. The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) will complement all solar, solar wind and in situ magnetospheric observations, including both space- and ground-based observatories, to enable the first-ever observations of the full chain of events that drive the Sun-Earth connection.
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Viguri, Sofía, Sandra López Tovar, Mariel Juárez Olvera, and Gloria Visconti. Analysis of External Climate Finance Access and Implementation: CIF, FCPF, GCF and GEF Projects and Programs by the Inter-American Development Bank. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003008.

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In response to the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the IDB Group Board of Governors endorsed the target of increasing climate-related financing in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) from 15% in 2015 to 30% of the IDB Groups combined total approvals by 2020. Currently, the IDB Group is on track to meet this commitment, as in 2018, it financed nearly US$5 billion in climate-change-related activities benefiting LAC, which accounted for 27% of total IDB Groups annual approvals. In 2019, the overall volume and proportion of climate finance in new IDBG approvals have increased to 29%. As the IDB continues to strive towards this goal by using its funds to ramp-up climate action, it also acknowledges that tackling climate change is an objective shared with the rest of the international community. For the past ten years, strategic partnerships have been forged with external sources of finance that are also looking to invest in low-carbon and climate-resilient development. Doing this has contributed to the Banks objective of mobilizing additional resources for climate action while also strengthening its position as a leading partner to accelerate climate innovation in many fields. From climate-smart technologies and resilient infrastructure to institutional reform and financial mechanisms, IDB's use of external sources of finance is helping countries in LAC advance toward meeting their international climate change commitments. This report collects a series of insights and lessons learned by the IDB in the preparation and implementation of projects with climate finance from four external sources: the Climate Investment Funds (CIF), the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF). It includes a systematic revision of their design and their progress on delivery, an assessment of broader impacts (scale-up, replication, and contributions to transformational change/paradigm shift), and a set of recommendations to optimize the access and use of these funds in future rounds of climate investment. The insights and lessons learned collected in this publication can inform the design of short and medium-term actions that support “green recovery” through the mobilization of investments that promote decarbonization.
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Evans, Julie, Kendra Sikes, and Jamie Ratchford. Vegetation classification at Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Mojave National Preserve, Castle Mountains National Monument, and Death Valley National Park: Final report (Revised with Cost Estimate). National Park Service, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279201.

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Vegetation inventory and mapping is a process to document the composition, distribution and abundance of vegetation types across the landscape. The National Park Service’s (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) program has determined vegetation inventory and mapping to be an important resource for parks; it is one of 12 baseline inventories of natural resources to be completed for all 270 national parks within the NPS I&M program. The Mojave Desert Network Inventory & Monitoring (MOJN I&M) began its process of vegetation inventory in 2009 for four park units as follows: Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LAKE), Mojave National Preserve (MOJA), Castle Mountains National Monument (CAMO), and Death Valley National Park (DEVA). Mapping is a multi-step and multi-year process involving skills and interactions of several parties, including NPS, with a field ecology team, a classification team, and a mapping team. This process allows for compiling existing vegetation data, collecting new data to fill in gaps, and analyzing the data to develop a classification that then informs the mapping. The final products of this process include a vegetation classification, ecological descriptions and field keys of the vegetation types, and geospatial vegetation maps based on the classification. In this report, we present the narrative and results of the sampling and classification effort. In three other associated reports (Evens et al. 2020a, 2020b, 2020c) are the ecological descriptions and field keys. The resulting products of the vegetation mapping efforts are, or will be, presented in separate reports: mapping at LAKE was completed in 2016, mapping at MOJA and CAMO will be completed in 2020, and mapping at DEVA will occur in 2021. The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) and NatureServe, the classification team, have completed the vegetation classification for these four park units, with field keys and descriptions of the vegetation types developed at the alliance level per the U.S. National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). We have compiled approximately 9,000 existing and new vegetation data records into digital databases in Microsoft Access. The resulting classification and descriptions include approximately 105 alliances and landform types, and over 240 associations. CNPS also has assisted the mapping teams during map reconnaissance visits, follow-up on interpreting vegetation patterns, and general support for the geospatial vegetation maps being produced. A variety of alliances and associations occur in the four park units. Per park, the classification represents approximately 50 alliances at LAKE, 65 at MOJA and CAMO, and 85 at DEVA. Several riparian alliances or associations that are somewhat rare (ranked globally as G3) include shrublands of Pluchea sericea, meadow associations with Distichlis spicata and Juncus cooperi, and woodland associations of Salix laevigata and Prosopis pubescens along playas, streams, and springs. Other rare to somewhat rare types (G2 to G3) include shrubland stands with Eriogonum heermannii, Buddleja utahensis, Mortonia utahensis, and Salvia funerea on rocky calcareous slopes that occur sporadically in LAKE to MOJA and DEVA. Types that are globally rare (G1) include the associations of Swallenia alexandrae on sand dunes and Hecastocleis shockleyi on rocky calcareous slopes in DEVA. Two USNVC vegetation groups hold the highest number of alliances: 1) Warm Semi-Desert Shrub & Herb Dry Wash & Colluvial Slope Group (G541) has nine alliances, and 2) Mojave Mid-Elevation Mixed Desert Scrub Group (G296) has thirteen alliances. These two groups contribute significantly to the diversity of vegetation along alluvial washes and mid-elevation transition zones.
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Brodie, Katherine, Brittany Bruder, Richard Slocum, and Nicholas Spore. Simultaneous mapping of coastal topography and bathymetry from a lightweight multicamera UAS. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41440.

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A low-cost multicamera Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) is used to simultaneously estimate open-coast topography and bathymetry from a single longitudinal coastal flight. The UAS combines nadir and oblique imagery to create a wide field of view (FOV), which enables collection of mobile, long dwell timeseries of the littoral zone suitable for structure-from motion (SfM), and wave speed inversion algorithms. Resultant digital surface models (DSMs) compare well with terrestrial topographic lidar and bathymetric survey data at Duck, NC, USA, with root-mean-square error (RMSE)/bias of 0.26/–0.05 and 0.34/–0.05 m, respectively. Bathymetric data from another flight at Virginia Beach, VA, USA, demonstrates successful comparison (RMSE/bias of 0.17/0.06 m) in a secondary environment. UAS-derived engineering data products, total volume profiles and shoreline position, were congruent with those calculated from traditional topo-bathymetric surveys at Duck. Capturing both topography and bathymetry within a single flight, the presented multicamera system is more efficient than data acquisition with a single camera UAS; this advantage grows for longer stretches of coastline (10 km). Efficiency increases further with an on-board Global Navigation Satellite System–Inertial Navigation System (GNSS-INS) to eliminate ground control point (GCP) placement. The Appendix reprocesses the Virginia Beach flight with the GNSS–INS input and no GCPs.
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