Academic literature on the topic 'Global trade; Biogenetic resources'

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Journal articles on the topic "Global trade; Biogenetic resources"

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Sachdeva, S. K. "Global Sourcing and Global Manufacturing Competitiveness." Paradigm 1, no. 2 (1998): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971890719980216.

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We are at the beginning of a major change in global economy. The decade will see increasing polarisation of super regional trade agreements. With increasing world trade great opportunities are developing thrust on global manufacturing competitiveness and formation of international, multinational and transnational firms percolating various aspects of glolml sourcing for achieving internationalisation in their operations with utilisation of local resources and creating source partnering throughout the world.
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Suranova, T. G., S. S. Zenin, and G. N. Suvorov. "PRINCIPLES AND PATTERNS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF GENOME-WIDE SEQUENCING IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (PRC)." Issues of Law 20, no. 3 (2020): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/pro-prava200311.

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The global genome sequencing market is developing at a very fast pace, and this is happening most rapidly in China. Amid the economic boom, demand for advanced medical services is extremely high. In view of this, the principles and laws of normative regulation of this activity carried out using both legislative and administrative legal instruments deserve attention. For the domestic legislator, the Chinese experience in regulating the use of genetic resources in conducting international joint research, collecting, storing, using and providing external human genetic resources in China, and ethi
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Oki, T., and S. Kanae. "Virtual water trade and world water resources." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 7 (2004): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0456.

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Global virtual water trade was quantitatively estimated and evaluated. The basic idea of how to estimate unit requirement of water resources to produce each commodity is introduced and values for major agricultural and stock products are presented. The concept of virtual water and the quantitative estimates can help in assessing a more realistic water scarcity index in each country, projecting future water demand for food supply, increasing public awareness on water, and identifying the processes wasting water in the production. Really required water in exporting countries is generally smaller
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Fuse, Masaaki, Kenichi Nakajima, and Hiroshi Yagita. "Global Flow of Metal Resources in the Used Automobile Trade." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 74, no. 3 (2010): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.74.171.

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Fuse, Masaaki, Kenichi Nakajima, and Hiroshi Yagita. "Global Flow of Metal Resources in the Used Automobile Trade." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 50, no. 4 (2009): 703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mbw200818.

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Chapagain, A. K., A. Y. Hoekstra, and H. H. G. Savenije. "Water saving through international trade of agricultural products." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 3 (2006): 455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-10-455-2006.

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Abstract. Many nations save domestic water resources by importing water-intensive products and exporting commodities that are less water intensive. National water saving through the import of a product can imply saving water at a global level if the flow is from sites with high to sites with low water productivity. The paper analyses the consequences of international virtual water flows on the global and national water budgets. The assessment shows that the total amount of water that would have been required in the importing countries if all imported agricultural products would have been produ
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Chapagain, A. K., A. Y. Hoekstra, and H. H. G. Savenije. "Water saving through international trade of agricultural products." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, no. 6 (2005): 2219–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-2-2219-2005.

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Abstract. Many nations save domestic water resources by importing water-intensive products and exporting commodities that are less water intensive. National water saving through the import of a product can imply saving water at a global level if the flow is from sites with high to sites with low water productivity. The paper analyses the consequences of international virtual water flows on the global and national water budgets. The assessment shows that the total amount of water that would have been required in the importing countries if all imported agricultural products would have been produ
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Klimek, Peter, Michael Obersteiner, and Stefan Thurner. "Systemic trade risk of critical resources." Science Advances 1, no. 10 (2015): e1500522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500522.

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In the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, the role of strongly interconnected markets in causing systemic instability has been increasingly acknowledged. Trade networks of commodities are susceptible to cascades of supply shocks that increase systemic trade risks and pose a threat to geopolitical stability. We show that supply risk, scarcity, and price volatility of nonfuel mineral resources are intricately connected with the structure of the worldwide trade networks spanned by these resources. At the global level, we demonstrate that the scarcity of a resource is closely related to the suscep
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Rastyannikova, Elizaveta. "GLOBAL NON-FERROUS METALLURGY RESOURCES MARKET." Eastern Analytics, no. 3 (2020): 109–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2227-5568-2020-03-109-130.

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Since the beginning of the XXI century, the raw material of non-ferrous metallurgy began to acquire new outlines. First, due to the growing demand for resources from the rapidly developing countries of Asia (China, India, South Korea), the volume of world production and international flows of both raw ore and ore dressing – concentrates have increased. Secondly, the concentration of countries that produce raw materials on the one hand and consume them on the other has increased. The article is devoted to comparative statistical analysis of international flows of raw materials of non-ferrous me
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Shelley, Louise I. "Corruption & Illicit Trade." Daedalus 147, no. 3 (2018): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00506.

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Illicit trade in diverse commodities–including drugs, people, natural resources, and counterfeit goods–is a significant component of the global economy. And illicit trade could not be possible without both high- and low-level forms of corruption. Transnational corruption has facilitated the global growth of illicit trade, undermining governance, the economy, health, social order, and sustainability in all regions of the world. This essay explores the convergences of corruption, illicit trade markets, and the legitimate economy, and identifies strategies for combatting them.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Global trade; Biogenetic resources"

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Dutfield, Graham. "The international biotrade, conservation and intellectual property rights." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365657.

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Sutherland, Johanna, and mhsjaireth@netspeed com au. "Power and the Global Governance of Plant Genetic Resources." The Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Department of International Relations, 2000. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20091228.092344.

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This thesis explores the location and nature of the power that is deepening and broadening the revolution in modern biotechnologies, and which is inherent in the global governance of one type of genetic resource — plant genetic resources. Plant genetic resources are of increasing importance within the global political economy and ecology because of the power/knowledge networks contributing to, and responding to developments in the biotechnology sector, and concerned with the rampant erosion of biological diversity. The thesis argues that transnational norms, values and knowledge are important
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Thanitcul, Sakda. "The WTO and Unilateral Trade Measures to Protect Global Resources - A Thai Perspective on the Shrimp-Turtle Case." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147443.

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Mason, Nicholas Craig. "Forging a New Global Commons Introducing common property into the global genetic resource debate." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Political Science and Communication, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/904.

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This thesis provides an analysis of recent attempts to regulate the governance of genetic resources through the initiation of new global commons regimes. These attempts have arisen out of a combination of the growing recognition of genetic resources' value and global nature; a new resurgence in support for the common property paradigm; and, during a period in which the world is becoming increasingly globalised, with many governance competencies moving to the supranational level. They can be viewed as part of a broader effort to proffer the common property approach as a legitimate alternative i
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Giljum, Stefan, Monika Dittrich, Franz Stephan Lutter, and Mirko Lieber. "Global patterns of material flows and their socio-economic and environmental implications: a MFA study on all countries world-wide from 1980 to 2009." MDPI, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5322/1/resources%2D03%2D00319.pdf.

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This paper assesses world-wide patterns of material extraction, trade, consumption and productivity based on a new data set for economy-wide material flows, covering used materials for all countries world-wide between 1980 and 2009. We show that global material extraction has grown by more than 90% over the past 30 years and is reaching almost 70 billion tonnes today. Also, trade volumes in physical terms have increased by a factor of 2.5 over the past 30 years, and in 2009, 9.3 billion tonnes of raw materials and products were traded around the globe. China has turned into the biggest
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Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.

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This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spr
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Turner, James Alan. "Trade liberalization and forest resources : a global modeling approach /." 2004. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.

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Rogers, Paul F. "Losing Control: Global Security in the Twenty-first Century." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6264.

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'Losing Control combines a glimpse behind the security screens with sharp analysis of the real global insecurities - growing inequality and unsustainability.' The New Internationalist The attacks in New York and Washington on 11th September 2001 took most of the world by surprise. It showed that, for those living in the West, the threat of terrorist attack is now very real. Maintaining control of global security has become a matter of paramount importance to all Western governments. As the war against 'terrorism' widens into a war against particular states who may have played little part in th
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Bennett, Abigail. "Small-scale Fisheries and the Global Economy: Understanding Common-pool Resource Governance in the Context of Market Pressures, Neoliberal Policies, and Transnational Institutions." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12166.

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<p>The purpose of this dissertation is to contribute to a better understanding of how global seafood trade interacts with the governance of small-scale fisheries (SSFs). As global seafood trade expands, SSFs have the potential to experience significant economic, social, and political benefits from participation in export markets. At the same time, market connections that place increasing pressures on resources pose risks to both the ecological and social integrity of SSFs. This dissertation seeks to explore the factors that mediate between the potential benefits and risks of global seafood mar
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Books on the topic "Global trade; Biogenetic resources"

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Green, Edmund. The global trade in coral. World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 1999.

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1921-, Conklin Edgar C., and Ray D. Michael, eds. The global economy in transition. 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall, 1997.

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C, Conkling Edgar, and Ray D. Michael 1935-, eds. The global economy in transition. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall, 1997.

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C, Conkling Edgar, Ray D. Michael 1935-, and Berry, Brian Joe Lobley, 1935-, eds. The global economy: Resource use, locational choice, and international trade. Prentice-Hall, 1993.

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Ecosystem services and global trade of natural resources: Ecology, economics, and policies. Routledge, 2010.

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Crosson, Pierre R. Resources and global food prospects: Supply and demand for cereals to 2030. World Bank, 1992.

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Corp, Computer Technology Research, ed. E-commerce: Implementing global marketing strategies. Computer Technology Research Corp., 1999.

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Running out: Global scarcity and the economic paradigm. Algora Pub., 2005.

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Smale, Melinda. Understanding global trends in the use of wheat diversity and international flows of wheat genetic resources. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, 1996.

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Liu, Lewis-Guodo. Internet resources and services for international business: A global guide. Oryx Press, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Global trade; Biogenetic resources"

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Aguin-Pombo, Dora. "Biological Invasions and Global Trade." In Natural Resources, Sustainability and Humanity. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1321-5_6.

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Rodríguez, Fabricio. "Contested Resources and South-South Inequalities: What Sino-Brazilian Trade Means for the “Low-Carbon” Bioeconomy." In Bioeconomy and Global Inequalities. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68944-5_13.

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AbstractThis article explores Brazil’s relationship of trade dependency to China and its implications for the former’s attempt to lead the way into a low-carbon bioeconomy. While actors from Brazil’s sucro-energetic sector try to rescale the use of agrofuels as a clean source of bio-based energy, China’s growing demand for Brazilian resources places a structural constraint on any Brazilian attempt to move away from fossil developmental paradigms. The chapter shows how green narratives of South-South cooperation—entailing the “low-carbon bioeconomy” on the Brazilian side, and the concept of “ecological civilization” on the Chinese side—collide with the high-carbon qualities of Sino-Brazilian trade. Importantly, Brazilian exports to China are currently adding to the carbon-intensive quality of the global economy. Additionally, bilateral trade is indicative of a new pattern of global inequality in which Brazilian geographies of oil, iron ore and soy extraction provide the material basis for China’s economic transformation.
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Lourie, Linda S. "The U.S. Position on Developing Trade Agreements Concerning Intellectual Property." In Intellectual Property Rights III Global Genetic Resources: Access and Property Rights. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/1998.intellectualpropertyrights.c7.

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Seppelt, Ralf, Ameur M. Manceur, Jianguo Liu, Eli P. Fenichel, and Stefan Klotz. "Synchronized Peak Rate Years of Global Resources Use Imply Critical Trade-Offs in Appropriation of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Services." In Atlas of Ecosystem Services. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96229-0_46.

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Fry, Hannah M., Alan G. Wilson, and Frank T. Smith. "A Dynamic Global Trade Model With Four Sectors: Food, Natural Resources, Manufactured Goods and Labour." In Approaches to Geo&;#x02010;mathematical Modelling. John Wiley &;#38; Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118937426.ch6.

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Fuss, Maryegli, and Lei Xu. "Unintended Environmental Impacts at Local and Global Scale—Trade-Offs of a Low-Carbon Electricity System." In The Future European Energy System. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60914-6_13.

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AbstractThe focus on expanding the sector coupling and binding the electricity system and end-user sectors like the transport and industry bring attention to environmental trade-offs. Otherwise, unintended environmental impacts could potentially impede the transformation process. Given that, this paper aims to identify and discuss environmental burdens that should require government attention. For that, the approach of coupling Life Cycle Assessment with the electricity market model (ELTRAMOD) is presented. Results show that the large impact on land use occupation as a regional issue requires attention due to diversified permitting mechanisms and eligibility criteria for solar fields among European member states. Metal and ozone depletion bring the challenge that transformation processes need attention on global limits related to finite resources and fugitive losses of anthropogenic substances.
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Craglia, Max, and Katarzyna Pogorzelska. "The Economic Value of Digital Earth." In Manual of Digital Earth. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9915-3_19.

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Abstract In this chapter, we approach the economic value of Digital Earth with a broad definition of economic value, i.e., the measure of benefits from goods or services to an economic agent and the trade-offs the agent makes in view of scarce resources. The concept of Digital Earth has several components: data, models, technology and infrastructure. We focus on Earth Observation (EO) data because this component has been undergoing the most dramatic change since the beginning of this century. We review the available recent studies to assess the value of EO/geospatial/open data and related infrastructures and identify three main sets of approaches focusing on the value of information, the economic approach to the value of EO to the economy from both macro- and microeconomic perspectives, and a third set that aims to maximize value through infrastructure and policy. We conclude that the economic value of Digital Earth critically depends on the perspective: the value for whom, what purpose, and when. This multiplicity is not a bad thing: it acknowledges that Digital Earth is a global concept in which everyone can recognize their viewpoint and collaborate with others to increase the common good.
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PECK, TIM. "Global forest and wood resources." In The International Timber Trade. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-85573-190-5.50008-3.

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Frank, Kenneth A., Katrina Mueller, Ann Krause, William W. Taylor, and Nancy J. Leonard. "The intersection of global trade, social networks, and fisheries." In Globalization: Effects on Fisheries Resources. Cambridge University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511542183.020.

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Chang-Howe, Wenjia. "Define the Process of Human Resource Integration in Cross-Border Acquisitions: Evidence from Chinese Oversea Acquisitions." In Global Market and Global Trade [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97132.

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This research focuses on integration during and after mergers and acquisitions where one firm (Chinese) has a dominant position in comparison with another (Western firm). Using the critical incident approach, 30 interviews were conducted with representatives of 13 firms that have undergone Chinese-Western mergers and acquisitions (M&amp;As) during the period from 2005 to 2019. This study aims to analyse the HR integration process in pre-and post-acquisition to determine the critical success factors, and present a framework that determines the success or failure factors and the actions required. The findings have important implications for an organisation post-acquisition phenomenon from a human resource point of view. As a result, it presents an overview of this critical post-HR integration phenomenon and posits that using an integrated approach from the human resources perspective is essential to ultimately enhance the acquisition integration success rate.
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Conference papers on the topic "Global trade; Biogenetic resources"

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Popkov, Vyacheslav, Alexander Sterenberg, Vladimir Gusev, and Andrey Tyutyaev. "COGNITIVE GEOLOGY OF SUPERIMPOSED SCATTERING OF MOBILE ORE ELEMENTS, PROPER FORMS OF MULTISCALE STRUCTURAL STRESS STABILITY, BIOGENETIC ACCESS CODE OF RESOURCES AND FIELD ARTEFACTS." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b1/v2/11.

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The authors present the theory is numerical / analytical method of multi-scaled 4D geomechanics – geo-dynamics of energy integration in geo-physical rhythms of Eigen-solution of Navier-Stokes equations for multi-level geological time space of evolution in structural compacted mass transfer at the basis of Newton’s Differential Law ∫V∫TρdS·∂2ξ/∂t2 following the integration formula of A. Einstein E(u,t)=ρVC2+∫V∫Tρ‹uv›dtdx. Сreate the theory (Restoration) and Maintenance of Water Eco-System with Given Parameters. They establish the geophysical seismic rhythms of geological cycles in deep structur
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Khubiev, Kaisyn, Turusbek Asanov, and Marat Kudaikulov. "Global Trends of Modern World Economic Development." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.01978.

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The article considers factors and tendencies of world economic development, defining a new level of aggravation of struggle for resources and markets. They include: global socialization; concentration and centralization of capital; the struggle for a new economic and trade division of the world; countercyclicality and debt nature of the modern global economy. Is considered a new competitive space combat technological unemployment caused by modern technological revolutions. There is a big trend of the formation of a unipolar economic and trade space-based mega-projects and related threats. For
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Bal, Harun, Erhan İşcan, Duygu Serin Oktay, and Selçuk Loğoğlu. "The Relation of Carbon Emission and Foreign Trade." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.01981.

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The rapid increase in the world population and the tecnological developments' positive contribution to industrialization has increased demand for resources. The excessive use of the factors to meet these needs has confronted mankind with the pronlem of climate change which is the of the most serious problems of the past. Global warming and climate change have changed the structure of gas components in the atmosphere and have allowed countries to take the problem to the global perspective. The national responsibilities are closely related to the foreing trade of the countries. In this context,
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Azer, Özlem Arzu. "Political and Economic Integration of the Central Asian and South Caucasian Turkish Republics into the Global World." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00244.

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With the dissolution of Soviet Union, former Soviet Republics’ central planned economy transformed into free market economy and structural reforms were made as parallel of this development. These former socialist countries have some diffficulties to adopt capitalism due to absence of some fundamental feautures of capitalism and inheritance of Soviet Union. &#x0D; Ending big threat of communism, the jeo-strategical importance of the region increased for the West because these countries own the oil and gas resources besides they are starting point or transit country of the energy pipelines. Howe
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Mohite, S. D. D. "LNG Imports - A Strategic Choice for GCC Region." In SPE Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169980-ms.

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Abstract Although Middle East region is blessed with 43% of global proven gas reserves equivalent at 80 trillion cubic meters, of which 50 % are in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, apart from the challenge of historic under-investment, regional gas endowments have been highly uneven and unique. The region is responding to gas shortages by boosting supplies through a combination of E&amp;P developments and imports. As per IEA, the current 240 billion cubic meters (BCM) demand is expected to rise to 300 BCM by 2020 and 600 BCM by 2030. About 90% of incremental energy demand for powe
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Paraschiv (Ganea), Gabriela Iuliana, Stefania-Rodica Hubel (Angel), and Elena Condrea. "The Life Cycle of Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging from the Perspective of Developing a Sustainable Bioeconomy." In 2nd International Conference Global Ethics - Key of Sustainability (GEKoS). LUMEN Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gekos2021/13.

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This paper aims to present a study linked with the evaluation of the life cycle of both biodegradable and compostable packaging focusing on the impact these have upon the environment, regardless of the life-cycle stage, actually looking at it as a whole. In this article, the evaluation process will focus on the final stage of the product's life - decommissioning and reintegration into the environment. At present, in order for products to be approved by consumers, who are increasingly selective about health and environmental protection, they need to send an appropriate message. The message for
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Shetty, Devdas, Louis Manzione, and Claudio Campana. "Virtual Product Design Using Innovative Mechatronic Techniques for Global Supply Chain." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64228.

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Global economic pressures have influenced industries to reduce budgets and look for innovative solutions. New product development procedures, especially in automotive, aerospace, industries today deploy increasingly sophisticated solutions to streamline and speed up product development as well as to improve overall product quality. With new digital factory layout tools and improved 3-D visualizations, manufacturers can digitally design and validate full factories in up to half the time previously required to do the job. Virtual product design procedures involving simulation of complex systems
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Dresdner, Gideon, Saurav Shekhar, Fabian Pedregosa, Francesco Locatello, and Gunnar Rätsch. "Boosting Variational Inference With Locally Adaptive Step-Sizes." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/322.

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Variational Inference makes a trade-off between the capacity of the variational family and the tractability of finding an approximate posterior distribution. Instead, Boosting Variational Inference allows practitioners to obtain increasingly good posterior approximations by spending more compute. The main obstacle to widespread adoption of Boosting Variational Inference is the amount of resources necessary to improve over a strong Variational Inference baseline. In our work, we trace this limitation back to the global curvature of the KL-divergence. We characterize how the global curvature imp
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Chen, Lei, Juhchin A. Yang, Albert J. Shih, and Bruce L. Tai. "Investigation of Finite Element Thermal Models for Workpiece Temperature in Cylinder Boring." In ASME 2015 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2015-9415.

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The accuracy and computational efficiency of four finite element thermal models for workpiece temperature in cylinder boring are studied. High temperature in precision cylinder boring of automotive engine block can distort the workpiece, leading to thermally-induced dimensional and geometrical errors. In cylinder boring, the depth of cut is small compared to the bore diameter, so a fine mesh is usually needed to analyze the workpiece temperature distribution; however fine mesh on a relatively large workpiece also takes extensive computational resources. To understand the trade-off between accu
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Kim, Jong Deog, and Sung Gwi Kim. "Evaluation and Prospect on Comprehensive Fishing-Village Development Project in the Republic of Korea." In ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37333.

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In terms of fishery policy in the Republic of Korea (hereinafter Korea), efficient resources management and the improvement of the infrastructure have been main targets of the industrial policy for a long time. On the other hand, fishermen’s society has maintained an exclusive and conservative socio-economic structure based on fishery cooperatives. However, with the advent of the new global trade order, the so-called Uruguay Round (UR), Korea’s fishery policy was requested to change the existing paradigm. To address this change in circumstances, the Korea government has begun to emphasize a pe
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