Academic literature on the topic 'Global training load measure'
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Journal articles on the topic "Global training load measure"
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Lovell, Thomas W. J., Anita C. Sirotic, Franco M. Impellizzeri, and Aaron J. Coutts. "Factors Affecting Perception of Effort (Session Rating of Perceived Exertion) During Rugby League Training." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 8, no. 1 (January 2013): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.1.62.
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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) for monitoring training intensity in rugby league.Methods:Thirty-two professional rugby league players participated in this study. Training-load (TL) data were collected during an entire season and assessed via microtechnology (heart-rate [HR] monitors, global positioning systems [GPS], and accelerometers) and sRPE. Within-individual correlation analysis was used to determine relationships between sRPE and various other measures of training intensity and load. Stepwise multiple regressions were used to determine a predictive equation to estimate sRPE during rugby league training.Results:There were significant within-individual correlations between sRPE and various other internal and external measures of intensity and load. The stepwise multiple-regression analysis also revealed that 62.4% of the adjusted variance in sRPE-TL could be explained by TL measures of distance, impacts, body load, and training impulse (y = 37.21 + 0.93 distance − 0.39 impacts + 0.18 body load + 0.03 training impulse). Furthermore, 35.2% of the adjusted variance in sRPE could be explained by exercise-intensity measures of percentage of peak HR (%HRpeak), impacts/min, m/min, and body load/min (y = −0.01 + 0.37%HRpeak + 0.10 impacts/min + 0.17 m/min + 0.09 body load/min).Conclusion:A combination of internal and external TL factors predicts sRPE in rugby league training better than any individual measures alone. These findings provide new evidence to support the use of sRPE as a global measure of exercise intensity in rugby league training.
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Guitart, Marc, Martí Casals, David Casamichana, Jordi Cortés, Francesc Xavier Valle, Alan McCall, Francesc Cos, and Gil Rodas. "Use of GPS to measure external load and estimate the incidence of muscle injuries in men’s football: A novel descriptive study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 4, 2022): e0263494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263494.
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Measurement of external load in players provides objective information to optimise the weekly balance between training and recovery to improve performance and prevent injuries. Our aim was to evaluate the incidence of sports-related muscle injuries of the lower limb in relation to external load, measured by global positioning system (GPS), in football players. A descriptive study was carried out. Data were collected from 71 professional male football players (30 professionals and 41 youth players) from an elite football club competing in the Spanish and European League in the 2017–2018 season. As external load variables, we measured High Metabolic Load Distance (HMLD), High Speed Running (HSR), Player Load (PL), and Total Distance (TD) through GPS. Injury rate (IR) was calculated both in relation to such GPS load metrics and to load exposure time. We considered categories (youth and professional), playing positions (centre back, full back, midfielder, and forward), and training day with respect to match-day (-4MD, -3MD, -2MD, -1MD, MD, +1MD, +2MD). The GPS load metrics HMLD, HSR, PL, and TD showed very similar patterns across categories and positions, but varied according to training session or MD. The highest loads were observed on MD and three days prior to the match (-3MD). Similarly, the overall IR, both calculated per load exposure time and per GPS load metrics, was highest on MD and -3MD. Again, no differences were observed between youth and professional players. Midfielders demonstrated the highest IR in all metrics, followed by the forwards. In conclusion, this study suggests that external load and incidence of muscle injuries are directly proportional. Therefore, the measurement of more external load variables other than load exposure time, such as the GPS metrics HMLD, HSR, PL, and TD may help to describe the pattern and magnitude of injuries. Future studies based on ours may help to further improve the understanding of the incidence of muscle injuries on the basis of external loads measurements in different football teams.
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Clemente, Filipe Manuel, Alireza Rabbani, Daniele Conte, Daniel Castillo, José Afonso, Cain Craig Truman Clark, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis, Thomas Rosemann, and Beat Knechtle. "Training/Match External Load Ratios in Professional Soccer Players: A Full-Season Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 17 (August 23, 2019): 3057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16173057.
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The aim of this study was two-fold: (i) to describe the training/match ratios of different external load measures during a full professional soccer season while analyzing the variations between different types of weeks (three, four and five training sessions/week) and (ii) to investigate the relationship between weekly accumulated training loads and the match demands of the same week. Twenty-seven professional soccer players (24.9 ± 3.5 years old) were monitored daily using a 10-Hz global positioning system with a 100-Hz accelerometer. Total distance (TD), running distance (RD), high-speed running (HSR), sprinting distance (SD), player load (PL), number of high accelerations (ACC), and number of high decelerations (DEC) were recorded during training sessions and matches. An individual training/match ratio (TMr) was calculated for each external load measure. Weeks with five training sessions (5dW) presented meaningfully greater TMr than weeks with four (4dW) or three (3dW) training sessions. Additionally, TDratio (TDr) was significantly greater in 5dW than in 3dW (mean differences dif: 1.23 arbitray units A.U.) and 4dW (dif: 0.80 A.U.); HSRr was significantly greater in 5dW than in 3dW (dif: 0.90 A.U.) and 4dW (dif: 0.68 A.U.); and SDr was significantly greater in 5dW than in 3dW (dif: 0.77 A.U.) and 4dW (dif: 0.90 A.U.). Correlations between the weekly training loads and the match demands of the same week were small for PL (r = 0.250 [0.13;0.36]), ACC (r = 0.292 [0.17;0.40]) and DEC (r = 0.236 [0.11;0.35]). This study reveals that ratios of above 1 were observed for specific measures (e.g., HSR, SD). It was also observed that training sessions are not adjusted according to weekly variations in match demands.
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Malone, James J., Arne Jaspers, Werner Helsen, Brenda Merks, Wouter G. P. Frencken, and Michel S. Brink. "Seasonal Training Load and Wellness Monitoring in a Professional Soccer Goalkeeper." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 13, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0472.
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The purpose of this investigation was to (1) quantify the training load practices of a professional soccer goalkeeper and (2) investigate the relationship between the training load observed and the subsequent self-reported wellness response. One male goalkeeper playing for a team in the top league of the Netherlands participated in this case study. Training load data were collected across a full season using a global positioning system device and session-RPE (rating of perceived exertion). Data were assessed in relation to the number of days to a match (MD− and MD+). In addition, self-reported wellness response was assessed using a questionnaire. Duration, total distance, average speed, PlayerLoad™, and load (derived from session-RPE) were highest on MD. The lowest values for duration, total distance, and PlayerLoad™ were observed on MD−1 and MD+1. Total wellness scores were highest on MD and MD−3 and were lowest on MD+1 and MD−4. Small to moderate correlations between training load measures (duration, total distance covered, high deceleration efforts, and load) and the self-reported wellness response scores were found. This exploratory case study provides novel data about the physical load undertaken by a goalkeeper during 1 competitive season. The data suggest that there are small to moderate relationships between training load indicators and self-reported wellness response. This weak relation indicates that the association is not meaningful. This may be due to the lack of position-specific training load parameters that practitioners can currently measure in the applied context.
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Maupin, Danny, Ben Schram, Elisa F. D. Canetti, Joseph M. Dulla, J. Jay Dawes, Robert G. Lockie, and Robin M. Orr. "Profiling the Typical Training Load of a Law Enforcement Recruit Class." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20 (October 18, 2022): 13457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013457.
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Law enforcement academies, designed to prepare recruits for their prospective career, represent periods of high physical and mental stress, potentially contributing to recruits’ injuries. Managing stress via monitoring training loads may mitigate injuries while ensuring adequate preparation. However, it is vital to first understand an academy’s typical training load. The aim of this study was to profile the typical training load of law enforcement recruits over the course of 22 weeks. Data were prospectively collected using global positioning system (GPS) units placed on recruits during a portion of the academy training, while a desktop analysis was retrospectively applied to six other classes. A Bland–Altman plot was conducted to assess the agreement between the two methods. A linear mixed model was conducted to analyse the difference in distances covered per week, while other variables were presented graphically. Adequate agreement between the desktop analysis and GPS units was observed. Significant differences (p-value < 0.01) in distance covered (9.64 to 11.65 km) exist between weeks during early academy stages, which coincide with increases (~6 h) in physical training. Significant decreases in distances were experienced during the last five weeks of academy training. Most acute:chronic workload ratios stayed between the proposed 0.8 to 1.3 optimal range. Results from this study indicate that large increases in training occur early in the academy, potentially influencing injuries. Utilizing a desktop analysis is a pragmatic and reliable approach for instructors to measure load.
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Bunn, Jennifer A., Bradley J. Myers, and Mary K. Reagor. "An Evaluation of Training Load Measures for Drills in Women’s Collegiate Lacrosse." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 16, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 841–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0029.
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Purpose: To statistically evaluate the internal and external load metrics in different types of lacrosse drills. Methods: A total of 25 Division I collegiate female lacrosse players wore a heart rate monitor and a global positioning system during preseason training sessions. Seven measures determined training load, 2 internal measures and 5 external measures, across 5 different types of drills: stickwork, small-sided games, individual skills, conditioning, and team drills. Principal component analysis was used to determine which internal and external load variables were most associated with each drill type. Results: Stickwork extracted 2 principal components, explaining 45% and 17% of the variance. Small-sided games extracted 1 principal component, explaining 51% of the variance. Individual skills extracted 2 components, explaining 39% and 22% of the variance. Conditioning extracted 2 components, explaining 44% and 24% of the variance. Team drills extracted 2 components, explaining 52% and 18% of the variance. Conclusions: In 4 out of 5 training modes, the inclusion of both internal and external training-load measures was necessary to accurately decipher training load. For most drills, the first component is related to measures of external load, and the second component described the balance between internal and external load measures. Small-sided games extracted only external measures including the following: accelerations, total distance, and average speed. These results show that a combination of internal and external load measures is required to determine training load during certain training modes. This information can help coaches make decisions about desired training load for practice sessions.
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Castillo, Daniel, and Javier Raya-González. "Internal load in elite young soccer players during a whole season according to playing positions." International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports 7, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/ijpefs1844.
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The aims of this study were 1) to compare the internal load, measured as session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE), between training sessions and official matches among playing positions in young elite soccer players and 2) to analyze the s-RPE association between training and official match-play. Nineteen young elite soccer players who competed in the Spanish First Division Under-19 Championship participated in this study. Internal load was registered during 120 training sessions and during 30 official matches. Only the players who participated in all the weekly sessions and played at least 70 min were included in the further analysis. No significant differences (P > 0.05, ES = -0.57/0.62) among playing positions were found in the s-RPE registered by soccer players in training sessions, official matches nor in the total sessions. On the other side, higher s-RPE was observed during trainings in comparison to matches in each playing position (P < 0.001, ES = 5.51-30.77). However, no association was observed between training s-RPE and match s-RPE for the whole of the players (P = 0.60, r = 0.04), nor for each specific playing positions (P = 0.29-0.89, r = -0.11/0.16). These findings could be useful for coaches in order to plan the distribution of the weekly training load. Nonetheless, it is also suggested that internal load monitoring cannot be confidently used, in isolation, as a tool to detect differences in the match-play demands, attending to playing positions, in young soccer players. Thus, the use of both internal (i.e., s-RPE) and external (i.e., global positioning system measures) load is suggested to manage the training and match load and to prescribe the training sessions appropriately.
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Versic, Sime, Toni Modric, Borko Katanic, Mario Jelicic, and Damir Sekulic. "Analysis of the Association between Internal and External Training Load Indicators in Elite Soccer; Multiple Regression Study." Sports 10, no. 9 (September 6, 2022): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports10090135.
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The aim of this study was to identify the external training load (ETL) variables that are most influential on the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) during elite soccer training. The participants (n = 29) were adult male soccer players from a single team that competed in Croatia’s highest national soccer competition in the 2021/2022 season. Data were collected using the 10 Hz Global Positioning System from 66 training sessions, and a total of 1061 training observations were undertaken. The univariate and multivariate relationships among the predictors (ETL variables) and the criterion (sRPE) were assessed using forward stepwise multiple regressions and Pearson’s correlations, respectively. ETL variables explained 63% of the variance in the sRPE (Multiple R = 0.79; p < 0.01), and the model was successfully cross-validated. The significant partial regressors were total distance (β = 0.66), metres per minute (β = −0.47), high-intensity accelerations (β = 0.22) and decelerations (β = 0.18), and sprint distance (β = 0.14). All ETL variables were significantly correlated with the sRPE (all p < 0.01), with the highest correlations found for total distance covered (r = 0.70) and high-intensity accelerations and decelerations (r = 0.62 and 0.65, respectively). Such results show that (i) the total distance and acceleration rates during the training sessions are the most important predictors of the sRPE, and (ii) a combination of different ETL variables predicts the sRPE better than any individual parameter alone. This study shows that both the volume and intensity of training are related to players’ internal responses. The findings ultimately provide further evidence to support the use of sRPE as a global measure of training load in soccer players.
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Teixeira, José E., Pedro Forte, Ricardo Ferraz, Miguel Leal, Joana Ribeiro, António J. Silva, Tiago M. Barbosa, and António M. Monteiro. "Monitoring Accumulated Training and Match Load in Football: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 8, 2021): 3906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18083906.
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(1) Background: Training load monitoring has become a relevant research-practice gap to control training and match demands in team sports. However, there are no systematic reviews about accumulated training and match load in football. (2) Methods: Following the preferred reporting item for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), a systematic search of relevant English-language articles was performed from earliest record to March 2020. The search included descriptors relevant to football, training load, and periodization. (3) Results: The literature search returned 7972 articles (WoS = 1204; Pub-Med = 869, SCOPUS = 5083, and SportDiscus = 816). After screening, 36 full-text articles met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Eleven of the included articles analyzed weekly training load distribution; fourteen, the weekly training load and match load distribution; and eleven were about internal and external load relationships during training. The reviewed articles were based on short-telemetry systems (n = 12), global positioning tracking systems (n = 25), local position measurement systems (n = 3), and multiple-camera systems (n = 3). External load measures were quantified with distance and covered distance in different speed zones (n = 27), acceleration and deceleration (n = 13) thresholds, accelerometer metrics (n = 11), metabolic power output (n = 4), and ratios/scores (n = 6). Additionally, the internal load measures were reported with perceived exertion (n = 16); heart-rate-based measures were reported in twelve studies (n = 12). (4) Conclusions: The weekly microcycle presented a high loading variation and a limited variation across a competitive season. The magnitude of loading variation seems to be influenced by the type of week, player’s starting status, playing positions, age group, training mode and contextual variables. The literature has focused mainly on professional men; future research should be on the youth and female accumulated training/match load monitoring.
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Figueiredo, Pedro, George P. Nassis, and João Brito. "Within-Subject Correlation Between Salivary IgA and Measures of Training Load in Elite Football Players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 14, no. 6 (July 1, 2019): 847–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0455.
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Purpose: To quantify the association between salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and training load in elite football players. Methods: Data were obtained on 4 consecutive days during the preparation camp for the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. Saliva samples of 18 elite male football players were collected prior to breakfast. The session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) and external training-load metrics from global positioning systems (GPS) were recorded. Within-subject correlation coefficients between training load and sIgA concentration, and magnitude of relationships, were calculated. Results: sIgA presented moderate to large negative correlations with s-RPE (r = −.39), total distance covered (r = −.55), accelerations (r = −.52), and decelerations (r = −.48). Trivial to small associations were detected between sIgA and distance covered per minute (r = .01), high-speed distance (r = −.23), and number of sprints (r = −.18). sIgA displayed a likely moderate decrease from day 1 to day 2 (d = −0.7) but increased on day 3 (d = 0.6). The training-load variables had moderate to very large rises from day 1 to day 2 (d = 0.7 to 3.2) but lowered from day 2 to day 3 (d = −5.0 to −0.4), except for distance per minute (d = 0.8) and sprints (unclear). On day 3, all training-load variables had small to large increments compared with day 1 (d = 0.4 to 1.5), except for accelerations (d = −0.8) and decelerations (unclear). Conclusions: In elite football, sIgA might be more responsive to training volume than to intensity. External load such as GPS-derived variables presented stronger association with sIgA than with s-RPE. sIgA can be used as an additional objective tool in monitoring football players.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Global training load measure"
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Bursais, Abdulmalek. "Accelerometry and Global Navigation Satellite Systems Derived Training Loads." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3939.
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The objectives of this dissertation include 1) to review accelerometry and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) derived measures used to monitor training load, 2) to investigate the validity and reliability of accelerometers (ACCs) to identify stepping events and quantify training load, 3) to assess the relationship between accelerometry and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) derived measures in quantifying training load. In Study I, acceleration data was collected via two tri-axial ACC (Device A and Device B) sampling at 100Hz mounted closely together at the xiphoid process level. Each participant (n=30) performed two trials of straight-line walking, running, and sprinting on a 20m course. Device A was used to assess ACC validity to identify steps and the test-retest reliability of the instrument to quantify the external load. Device A and Device B were used to assess inter-device reliability. The reliability of accelerometry derived metrics Impulse Load (IL) and Magnitude g (MAG) were assessed. In Study II, known distance (DIST) was predicted via acceleration data collected by a tri-axial ACC sampling at 100Hz mounted at the xiphoid process level, simultaneously positional data collected using a triple GNSS unit sampling at 10Hz placed between scapulae. Each participant (n=30) walked different DIST around various movement constraints (small and large circles). Thirty distances were completed around each circle and ranged from 12.57–376.99m. In Study I, the instrument demonstrated a positive predictive value (PPV) of 96.98-99.41% and an agreement of 93.08-96.29% for step detection during all conditions. Good test-retest reliability was found with a coefficient of variation (CV) < 5% for IL and MAG during all locomotor conditions. Good inter-device reliability was also found for all locomotor conditions (IL and MAG CV < 5%). These results indicated that tri-axial ACCs are a valid and reliable tool used to identify steps and quantify external load when movement is completed at a range of speeds. In Study 2, all linear regression models performed well for both movement constraints (R2=0.922-0.999; RMSE=0.047-0.242, p
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Antunes, Marco Antônio das Graças. "A gestão de riscos como alternativa de prevenção de incêndio em arquivos públicos : estudo de caso." Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Geotécnica. Núcleo de Geotecnia, Escola de Minas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/2352.
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ABSTRACT: The buildings of public archives shelter documents of permanent value, which are of inalienable and imprescriptible guard. To check the level of fire protection to these permanent records in each building surveyed, it was applied the global analysis of fire risk using the Gretener Method. The text of the “IT 35-CBMMG”, based on this method of performance (widely known) provides fire protection alternatives for the historical buildings (and their contents) of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, when it is not possible or aesthetically desirable, the adoption of security normative or prescriptive measures. The research result showed that showed that the buildings where are installed the public archives are of no conformity to risk of fire due to an in the safety versus protection. Another quick observation was the high volume of documents on paper (main fire load) accommodated in rooms of insufficient area to contain them, incurring specific fire loads much higher than the stipulated level in the specific standard. With the successive employment of active and passive protection measures in these constructions, the safety factors after each trial immediately improved, giving the building and its occupants a pro-safety situation, compared to the outbreak of fire, until unfavorable.
As edificações sede de arquivos públicos custodiam documentos de valor permanente, sendo estes inalienáveis e de guarda imprescritível. Para verificação do nível de proteção contra incêndio a esses documentos permanentes, em cada uma das edificações pesquisadas, foi aplicada a análise global de risco de incêndio, decorrente do Método de Gretener. O texto da IT 35 do CBMMG, baseado nesse método de desempenho (mundialmente conhecido) fornece alternativas de proteção contra incêndio às edificações (e ao seu conteúdo) que compõem o patrimônio histórico mineiro, quando não seja possível ou esteticamente conveniente, a adoção de medidas de segurança de ordem normativa ou prescritiva. O resultado da pesquisa mostrou que as edificações onde estão instalados os arquivos públicos estão em situação de insegurança frente ao risco de incêndio, em razão de um desequilíbrio na relação segurança versus proteção. Outra rápida constatação foi o elevado volume de documentos no suporte papel (principal carga de incêndio) acomodados em espaço de superfície insuficiente para comportá-los, incorrendo cargas de incêndio específicas muito superiores ao valor estipulado em norma. Com o emprego sucessivo de medidas de proteção passiva e ativa nessas edificações, os coeficientes de segurança melhoraram imediatamente a cada ensaio, conferindo ao prédio e aos seus ocupantes uma situação pró-segurança, frente ao risco de incêndio, até então desfavorável. Edificações que abrigam instituições arquivísticas, necessitam de um de sistema de segurança contra incêndio e pânico que monitore diuturnamente as áreas de interesse, com rápida detecção de um foco de fogo e acionamento de alarme, seguido de imediato e eficiente combate por brigadistas treinados, no mínimo. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Lazarus, Brendan. "Modelling training response, performance and injury risk in elite Australian football." Thesis, 2019. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/41292/.
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Most team sports involve regular competition over the course of a season. There are several factors thought to affect match outcome in such a structured competition. These factors include days break between matches, match location, travel, team characteristics (age, height, and weight). All these factors can influence the structure of the training program. However, whilst monitoring training in an elite team sport environment is common practice, there are areas yet to be explored. The overall aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate factors affecting team success and the relationship between a global training load measure, match performance, and injury risk in an elite team sport. Three studies were undertaken to explore these ideas.
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Gustafsson, Jesper. "Rebound jump test to measure neuromuscular fatigue : -an attempt to understand training readiness and minimize injury incidence in youth team sports." Thesis, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80706.
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Background: A high injury-incidence in the world of youth team sports requires athletes, teams and healthcare to invest big amounts of money and time. There is a need to find implementable time- and cost-effective strategies that can highlight youth athletes at increased risk of sustaining injuries, to inform the physiotherapist’s/coach’s training plan for training load adjustments. Aim: The primary aim of this report is to investigate whether the rebound jump test (RJ) can be used to detect neuromuscular fatigue, to try minimize the risk of sustaining injuries in youth team sports. The secondary aim is to investigate how the reactive strength index (RSI) in the RJ correlate with the drop jump test (DJ), to try establish concurrent validity of the RJ. Method: In total, 46 male youth soccer players (17,1 ± 1,2 years old) were recruited. RJ were performed in a non-fatigued state and in a fatigued state after a hard football session, whilst the DJ was performed in a non-fatigued state only. Results: RSI-RJ was strongly correlated with the RSI-DJ (r=0,83, r²= 0,69, p<0,01) and there was a significant -12 % difference between RSI-fresh and RJ-fatigue in the RJ (p<0,01). Conclusion: RJ is a valid test to measure neuromuscular fatigue and could inform the physiotherapist/coach about each athletes’ readiness to train on a weekly basis.
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Viera, António Rodolfo Melo. "Monitorização da carga de treino do guarda-redes de futebol, através de global positioning system e perceção subjetiva de esforço : um estudo de caso." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18821.
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O presente estudo pretendeu monitorizar a carga de treino de Guarda-Redes (GR) de futebol com o objetivo de: (1) definir um perfil de treino do GR através da variação dos parâmetros obtidos por Global Positioning System (GPS) e Perceção Subjetiva de Esforço (PSE); (2) analisar a relação existente entre a distância total (DT) percorrida e a carga interna (CI) nos diferentes microciclos (MC); (3) verificar se a CI oscila significativamente ao longo do MC; (4) verificar se há diferenças significativas entre a CI do treino especifico (TE) e integrado (TI). A amostra foi constituída por dois atletas masculinos (n=2) de uma equipa de futebol júnior, que competia na primeira divisão do Campeonato Nacional, na época 2017-2018, (idade: 17,5 ± 0,7; altura: 1,88 ± 0,05m; massa corporal: 74,8 ± 1,8 kg). O posicionamento dos atletas foi recolhido a 10Hz, usando o dispositivo de GPS FieldzWiz (Paudex, Switzerland). A PSE foi obtida através da escala CR10 (Day, McGuigan, Brice, & Foster, 2004). Os principais resultados mostraram que o TE tem uma grande importância na CI. Todos os parâmetros de carga recolhidos, apresentaram valores máximos no dia de recuperação (48h pós jogo). A CI apresentou valores máximos na sessão de força (72h após o jogo) (965 ± 83). Verificou-se que a CI total, quando comparada com a DT do TE teve uma relação direta. Determinou-se também que o GR atingiu uma velocidade máxima superior no TE que no TI (23 vs 22 Km/h). Conclusões: perante a reduzida informação disponível sobre o treino de GR, o presente estudo vem contribuir para um melhor conhecimento na temática de treino do GR em Sub-19. O treino de GR deve ser pensado, planeado e operacionalizado tendo em conta as necessidades individuais dos atletas, mas sem descurar o estimulo dado nas sessões conjuntas com a equipa.The present study aimed to monitor the training load of soccer goalkeepers (GK) with the propuse of: (1) define GK training profile through the variation of the parameters obtained by Global Positioning System (GPS) and Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE); (2) analyze the relationship between the total distance (TD) and the internal load (IL) in the different microcycles (MC); (3) investigate if the IL change significantly over the MC; (4) verify if there are significant differences between the IL of the specific training (ST) and integrated (IT). The sample was two male athletes (n=2) of a under19 soccer team, who competed in the first division of the National Championship in the 2017-2018 season (age: 17,5 ± 0,7; height: 1,88 ± 0,05m; body mass: 74,8 ± 1,8 kg). The positioning of the athletes was collected at 10Hz, using the GPS FieldzWiz (Paudex, Switzerland). RPE was obtained through the CR10 scale (Day, McGuigan, Brice, & Foster, 2004). The main results showed that the ST is important in the IL. All load parameters collected showed maximum values on the recovery day (48h post game). IL had maximum values in the strength session (72h after the game) (965 ± 83). It was verified that the total IL when compared to the DT of the ST had a direct relation. GK achieved a higher top speed in the ST than in the IT (23 vs 22 Km/h). Conclusions: given the limited information available on GK training, the present study contributes to a better understanding of GK U-19 training topics. GK training should be thought out, planned and operationalized considering the individual needs of the athletes, without forget the stimulus in the integrated sessions with the team.
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Raděj, Karel. "Využití a výběr monitorovacího systému ve speciální tělesné přípravě AČR." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-306709.
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AABBSSTTRRAACCTT TTiitteell:: Use and selection of monitoring system in special physical training of Army of the Czech Republic GGooaallss:: The goal of this thesis is to give a complex, integrated and comprehensive overview about functional options and effective utilization of Monitoring System in selected areas of special physical training of Czech Army. MMeetthhooddss:: Study, analysis, synthesis and comparison of published findings of professionals from the fields of Geography, Geodesy and Special Physical Training were used in this thesis. Secondary research consisted of interviews with experts on mentioned areas and disciplines. RReessuullttss:: The main subject of this work is the utilization of Monitoring System in special physical training process. Usage of MS in selected areas of special physical training will result in effective support in terms of planning, safety and overall evaluation of its individual parts. KKeeyy wwoorrddss:: GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) GPS (Global Positioning System) GIS (Geographic Information System) Special physical training Load Monitoring system Date
Books on the topic "Global training load measure"
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Framework for Monitoring HIV/STI Services for Key Populations in Latin America and the Caribbean. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275121054.
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In Latin America and the Caribbean, between 50% and 65% of new HIV infections occur in key populations or their clients or sexual partners. Improving the availability and coverage of HIV/STI services for these populations requires the support of monitoring systems that are sustainable and adapt to the needs of the countries of the region. To respond to this need, the Pan American Health Organization, through an agreement with the Global Fund, has developed the Framework for Monitoring HIV/STI Services for Key Populations in Latin America and the Caribbean. It introduces a novel system in which the impact of HIV services on key populations is determined, not only by how HIV-positive people maintain an undetectable viral load but also by how HIV-negative people remain HIV-free. This document lists the essential HIV/STI services that, based on a combination prevention approach, should be offered to people from key populations. The monitoring framework establishes one or more indicators for each of the essential services together with the methodology for their measure. Likewise, a new HIV prevention cascade is introduced, which adds to the existing HIV care cascade. Countries are encouraged to disaggregate by key population group the HIV prevention and care cascades as well as the indicators. Finally, it is urgent to show the contribution of civil society organizations to the response to HIV infection and STIs to ensure their sustainability once external donors leave the region. To this end, the framework encourages breaking down the prevention and care cascades information by the service provider, to identify the contribution of health ministries, civil society organizations, and other actors.
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Varol, Ozan O. Foreign Affairs. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190626013.003.0013.
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At its core, democratization is a domestic phenomenon. This chapter argues, however, that external factors are not irrelevant to the internal democratization process. By their nature, militaries are outward-looking institutions. The ultimate measure of their strength is how they compare to other foreign militaries. As a result, soldiers tend to be particularly attuned to international standards and how their own society compares to others. Membership in international military organizations increases the influence of global standards over the military. Participation in overseas training programs can also expose officers to international democratic norms. Through their training these officers can become uniquely sensitive to how much their homeland is underdeveloped—technologically, economically, and politically—and the need for substantial advancement in their society. Although Western training of and influence on domestic militaries can play a positive role—particularly when substantial domestic support for democratization already exists—it can also backfire and hinder democratic progress.
Book chapters on the topic "Global training load measure"
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Segre, Claudia, Serena Spagnolo, Valentina Gabella, and Valentina Langella. "The Financial Wellbeing Index: “Donne al quadrato” and the relevant impact measurement." In Proceedings e report, 77–82. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-304-8.16.
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How can we reduce economic violence? Can financial literacy and education enhance economic wellbeing? The present paper reports the results of a research conducted by ALTIS – Università Cattolica and Global Thinking Foundation for the evaluation of changes, improvements and consequences produced by the educational course in financial literacy ‘Donne al quadrato’, provided by the Foundation among the policies against economic violence implementation. In this study, impacts’ measurement refers to conceptual framework of financial wellbeing, a composite notion constructed of objective and subjective dimensions related to people’s financial behaviour. The expression ‘Financial Wellbeing’ highlights how economic issues are inextricably bound to individual and social wellness. Helping people enhancing their own financial wellbeing – in a broad sense – should then be the very first purpose of economic education activity. In the present research, financial wellbeing has been measured by the implementation of a synthetic index, based on studies of World Bank and University of Bristol. The index is intended to measure people’s self-sufficiency and independence about their financial situation, resources and capabilities. The indicator takes into account both micro and macro features, being the first ones specific of the sample analysed and latter territorial context variables employed for the removal of the macroeconomic changes affecting the entire population from the specific changes proceeding from the training. The trial, involving different Italian regions, has been fulfilled by the administration of a tailoredmade survey pre and post the “Donne al Quadrato” course, during academic year 2019/2020, in order to register the change occurred in the respondents’ perception of their knowledge, behaviour, personality and aptitudes. The results of the experimentation demonstrated that financial education could engender the modification not only of knowledge but also of awareness and proficiency in financial behaviours, as well as the increase of course participants’ financial wellbeing.
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Philpot, Denise, and Laura Pasquini. "Training and Development." In Handbook of Research on Workforce Diversity in a Global Society, 244–61. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1812-1.ch014.
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As the world becomes smaller through globalization and the definition of diversity expands to accommodate new dimensions, it becomes increasingly important to identify and measure these changes and interpret how they influence strategic decision-making within organizations. To achieve an organization’s stated goals, it is not only important to recognize this diversity, but also build programs to incorporate the benefits of diversity while minimizing any negative aspects associated with this construct. Sharing case studies of best practices will highlight successes that can be used as models for those organizations that are addressing their training needs in the area of organizational diversity. This chapter will share tools designed to help organizations evaluate their needs in terms of diversity training and development. These resources can help training and development professionals identify needs, design curriculum, create evaluation tools for assessment, and evaluate costs to deploy strategic training and development programs.
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Kasemsap, Kijpokin. "The Importance of Telemedicine in Global Health Care." In Healthcare Ethics and Training, 860–80. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2237-9.ch040.
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The chapter explains the challenges facing health care systems; the overview of telemedicine; the technological devices of telemedicine systems; telemedicine and chronic diseases; telemedicine and technology acceptance model (TAM); the applications of telemedicine in the oil and gas industry; and the importance of telemedicine in global health care. Telemedicine brings the health care value through its ability for the remote visits with patients, immediate access to health care professionals, real-time access to health data, and health monitoring capabilities. Telemedicine is an effective health care measure that can manage the new and affordable technology with the potential to deliver the convenient and effective care to patients, and provides an alternative way for the health care organizations to deliver the essential health outcomes. The chapter argues that applying telemedicine has the potential to increase health care performance and gain sustainable competitive advantage in global health care.
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Prieto-Ballester, Jorge M., Esteban Pérez-Calderón, and Patricia Milanés-Montero. "How to Apply the Flipped Classroom in Economics to Improve Student Satisfaction and Results." In Global Considerations in Entrepreneurship Education and Training, 75–90. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7675-4.ch005.
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This chapter contains the design of the application of the “Flipped Classroom” methodology to a subject of the University in the area of economics and that have an important practical load in order to improve student outcomes and motivation. A subject with an important practical load is chosen because they need a higher level of work in the activities, which is often not available due to the dedication that is made to the explanation of the different concepts. This chapter includes the justification for the need to apply new teaching techniques adapted to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) and the suitability of the “Flipped Classroom” methodology with the aim of improving the motivation and results of the students.
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Assaad, Ragui, and Deborah Levison. "Facing the global challenge of youth employment." In Did the Millennium Development Goals Work? Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447335702.003.0007.
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This chapter considers the global challenge of youth employment, arguing that employment inadequacy among young people is a much broader phenomenon than youth unemployment as conventionally defined. It first provides an overview of the youth bulge phenomenon in developing countries before discussing current efforts to address it. In particular, it examines education and training programmes that prepare youth for the labour market as well as active labour market programmes (ALMPs) that help them make the transition into the world of work. It also looks at estimates and projections for youth unemployment and describes a measure called NEET (not in education, employment or training) used to study youth employment inadequacy. Finally, it evaluates potential solutions for addressing the youth employment challenge.
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Tamim, Suha R., Maysam R. Homsi, Brooke Happ, and Miguela A. Caniza. "Infection Prevention and Control Training-Design of a Workbook Prototype." In Cases on Instructional Design and Performance Outcomes in Medical Education, 42–69. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5092-2.ch003.
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This case describes the instructional design process of a workbook accompanying a four-day infection prevention and control global training. Working closely with global health professionals, the instructional designer assessed the needs, the attitudes of learners, and conducted a task analysis of the training content. Subsequently, she designed instructional strategies with special attention to cognitive load, sequencing, and generative learning. Then she created formative and summative assessment strategies and developed a prototype for testing. This case explores how the instructional designer collaborated closely with the global health team to review the content material of the training and design the workbook accordingly.
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Durazo, Yvette, Margaret Manning, and Giuseppina Wright. "Effective Training for International Cross-Cultural Collaboration and Leadership." In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development, 63–82. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8376-1.ch005.
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The purpose of this chapter is to share effective training methods designed to prepare business leaders for global cross-cultural collaboration and for the preparation to be utilized by practitioners, theorists and researchers from fields as diverse as humanities, sociology, psychology, Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and business. The chapter analyzes existing literature with real-life case studies, such as integration policy in Sweden, the teaching of International Peacebuilding, training for Alternative Dispute Resolution in Mexico and first-hand observations of Morocco. Chapter findings suggest that experiential learning or learning-by-doing works best to effectively instill cross-cultural collaboration to shape global leaders. The authors propose further research be conducted to measure qualitative and quantitative results of cross-cultural training and implementation.
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Heafner, Tina Lane. "Examining Online and In-Person Educator Preparation Program Learning Outcomes." In Impact of Digital Transformation in Teacher Training Models, 1–30. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9538-1.ch001.
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The effectiveness of technology to support learning and the value of technology-mediated instruction are critical factors in determining the quality of educator preparation programs. A widely utilized, national measure of teacher readiness and preparation in the USA, edTPA, reports program completers' knowledge and skills in content-specific instructional planning and learner asset differentiation; pedagogical delivery and student engagement; and measures of learning and evaluative feedback to support individual student educational growth. This study leverages these performance scores to measure the equivalency of online teacher candidates' learning outcomes as compared to candidates completing traditional in-person [face-to-face (F2F)] programs. Results suggest candidates who completed the online pathway to teacher licensure were more classroom-ready. Findings challenge notions that traditional methods of teacher preparation are more effective pathways to becoming a teacher and suggest attributes of online learning may be linked to differences in candidate knowledge and skill preparation when equitable curricular opportunities are provided. In light of the global pandemic, the outcomes of this study offer support for the rising need for educators to adapt to the new reality of teaching and learning through technology.
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Grover, Neha. "Performance Measurement." In Innovative Solutions for Implementing Global Supply Chains in Emerging Markets, 212–41. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9795-9.ch015.
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The purpose of this chapter is to study what supply chain managers of a retail supply chain measure. In other words aim here to identify the key indicators for measuring retail supply chain performance. A qualitative approach is adopted. Published literature from refereed journals on supply chain performance measurement has been considered. Besides the need for organizations to adopt a holistic approach, firms remain focused on traditional financial measures (gross profit margin, Interest coverage, and debt and equity ratios). The chapter identifies key indicators for performance measurement and classifies them into four major categories: transport optimization, information technology optimization, inventory optimization and resource optimization. These key indicators are arranged precisely for retail industry. From a supply chain perspective, the non financial measures such as on-time delivery, training of employees, warehouse layout, etc. are also important aspects of measuring supply chain performance. Further research can be carried out to validate the relevance and applicability of identified indicators. The study can be further conducted to measure the interrelationships between the KPIs and their impact on financial performance of the firm. In this chapter the author attempts to identify the performance indicators specifically for retail supply chain. The identified measures are further categorized based on its operations.
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Chen, You, and Yang Gong. "Teamwork and Patient Safety in Intensive Care Units: Challenges and Opportunities." In MEDINFO 2021: One World, One Health – Global Partnership for Digital Innovation. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220120.
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Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are recognized as a susceptible area to potential errors resulting in adverse outcomes. Healthcare professionals are multi-tasking, information-overloaded, and often with an interruptive workflow in ICUs. Such a stressful work environment poses challenges to reach a shared mental model in clinical practice, which leads to ineffective communication and reduces their awareness of potential safety risks. Despite data sources or materials supporting patient safety and team training being available, little research has been conducted to measure teamwork in clinical practice and to detect inefficient communication factors. The advent of telehealth provides an opportunity for remote video watchers to observe the entire process of patient care and related team activities. The potential application of video analyzing algorithms to video recordings can detect safety risks retrospectively. This article presents major teamwork and patient safety challenges in ICUs, and the opportunities of utilizing available data and telehealth including video recordings in future patient safety and teamwork research.
Conference papers on the topic "Global training load measure"
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Sidarta, Djoni E., Nicolas Tcherniguin, Philippe Bouchard, and Ho-Joon Lim. "Sensitivity Analysis of an ANN-Based System for Detection of Mooring Line Failure." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18818.
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Abstract Monitoring the integrity of mooring lines on floating offshore platforms is one of the key factors in ensuring safe and productive offshore operations. Sensors, such as inclinometers, compressive load cells or strain sensors, can be used to monitor the inclination angles or tensions on mooring lines. An alternative method using only dry monitoring systems, such as DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System), Gyrocompass and/or IMU (Inertial Measurement / Motion Unit), can also be used to monitor the integrity of mooring lines. This method uses the measured motions and positions of a vessel without any information on the environmental conditions to detect mooring line failure. The detection of mooring line failure is based on detecting shifts in low-frequency periods and mean yaw angles as a function of vessel position, mass and added mass. The proposed method utilizes Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to recognize and classify patterns. The training of an ANN model requires examples/data associated with intact mooring lines and broken mooring line(s). Examples/data of broken mooring line(s) are practically available only from numerical simulations. Therefore, it is important to address these two key topics: (1) Is the real behavior of the floating offshore platform sufficiently aligned with numerical simulations? and (2) The effect of the accuracy of monitoring equipment on the performance of an ANN-based system. The first topic is reviewed briefly with its possible solution including some sensitivity tests, and this paper focuses on addressing the second topic. A system architecture is discussed in this paper along with the accuracy of the monitoring equipment. As an example, an ANN model has been trained to detect a broken mooring line of a spread-moored FPSO. This ANN model has been tested on its performance in dealing with a range of possible errors associated with the monitoring equipment. Furthermore, the tests have been carried out for a combination of variables that are not included in the ANN training, such as: vessel draft (mass), sea state conditions and directions. This paper presents the results of the tests for various variable sensitivities, which cover vessel positions, mean yaw angles and vessel drafts. These are essentially testing the tolerance of a trained ANN model against error or noise in the data. The results show that a trained ANN model can be error/noise tolerant.
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Rejuso, V. I., and C. Druzgalski. "Design of a motorized wobble board for load sustainable rehabilitative training of patients with severe ankle injuries." In 2016 Global Medical Engineering Physics Exchanges/Pan American Health Care Exchanges (GMEPE/PAHCE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gmepe-pahce.2016.7504629.
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Sklaličanová, Nikola, and Branislav Kandera. "Unmanned aerial vehicle pilot training." In Práce a štúdie. University of Zilina, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/pas.z.2021.2.38.
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The paper titled "Unmanned aerial vehicle pilot training" is focused on the analysis of unmanned aerial vehicle pilot training and the importance of using an unmanned flight simulator during the practical training of unmanned aerial vehicle pilots. For the realization of the paper, we used a device that served to measure the mental workload of unmanned aerial vehicle pilots during simulated and practical flight. Our experiment involved 5 unmanned aerial vehicle pilots in training who had zero or minimal flying experience. The aim of this work was to investigate to what extent mental workload acts on UAV pilots during simulated and practical flights. The measurements and their analysis showed that a much greater load is exerted on the pilots of unmanned aerial vehicles during practical flight. Through a primary experiment of already experienced pilots, we concluded that the majority of respondents would welcome the opportunity to use an unmanned flight simulator during their training. The paperconcludes with a summary of the individual measurement results, graphical representations of the respondents' answers, as well as an implementation design that could be applied to the training of UAV pilots.
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Shaw, Erik, Pablo Vasquez, Ryosuke Kondo, Kevin Ung, Zachary Farrer, Evan Fagerberg, Jack Baker, et al. "Assisted Mobility Gait Training System." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65635.
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Gait training is a rehabilitation process which helps patients improve their ability to walk or stand. Current gait training methods require patients to be in hospitals or rehabilitation facilities to acquire data on their recovery progress; there is no method of monitoring patient’s walking pattern continuously. Patients can fall into bad habits when they are not with their physician. Assisted Mobility Gait Training System is a redesigned walker that wirelessly provides data to patients and healthcare professionals throughout the rehab process. With continuous monitoring of data, patients can obtain live feedback about their walking pattern when they are outside a hospital setting. Assisted Mobility Gait Trainer combines tele-medicine and out-patient monitoring to improve the gait rehabilitation process. Portability and ease of use allows the device to be used as an outpatient monitoring tool decreasing recovery time and healthcare visitations. Data acquisition and progress monitoring are achieved through load cells and a Microsoft Kinect 2 that collects data regarding the patient’s gait. Imaging arrays within the Microsoft Kinect 2, including an RGB camera, infrared emitter, and depth sensor, monitor limb trajectories. Angle of rotation of each joint is obtained through the use of blob detection and trigonometry, specifically a variation of the dot product. Use of the camera, load cells, and wheel encoder ensures there is minimal set up time, other than turning on the system. Four load cells in each leg measure the force applied to the gait trainer, which allows physicians to identify if the patient is utilizing one leg more than the other, as well as determining if the patient becomes less reliant on the walker over time. Gait speed and distance traveled during use is measured by a wheel encoder. Data collected is sent into cloud storage where it is processed and saved. Saved data is then electronically communicated to the healthcare professional and the patient in two separate user interfaces. Healthcare professionals are able to help patients gage their rehabilitation progress more efficiently. Patients benefit by receiving feedback regarding their gait while they are not at a rehab facility, which assists against patients falling into of bad habits during the rehabilitation process.
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Reinsmith, Alexander, and Bryan W. Schlake. "Standardization of High-Wide Load Measurement Using Laser-Based Technology." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5682.
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Each year, thousands of open-top loads are shipped across North America over the Class I railroad network. Many of these loads are high-value, high-risk shipments, presenting considerable operational challenges for the carriers due to special handling requirements. Shipments that extend beyond a standard geometric envelope, denoted by various “plates” in the Association of American Railroads (AAR) Open Top Loading Rules (OTLR), are considered to be over dimensional, or High-Wide Loads (HWLs). Historically, railroad mechanical personnel have measured HWLs manually using a tape measure, plumb line, level, and various homemade devices. Measurement methodologies and philosophies can vary widely among mechanical inspectors. As a result, railroads have recently sought out new technologies to standardize the measurement process, resulting in greater safety, efficiency, accuracy and documentation. Taking the lead in this effort, Norfolk Southern Corp. (NS), BNSF Railway and Union Pacific Railroad have all worked closely with InfraMeasure, Inc. in their development of a patent pending, portable, laser-based measurement system known as SafeLoad®. This paper documents the development of this technology, including the completion of successful repeatability tests and the training of dozens of car inspectors from multiple railroads on the use of the system. In 2014, laser-based measurement technology was deployed across the entire NS network and was also used extensively by Union Pacific Railroad. In addition, BNSF and other Class I railroads began testing with the thought of implementing in the near future. Repeatability tests performed among newly trained employees indicated high levels of precision, with field measurements deviating by no more than 0.25 inches among various inspectors. Additional field testing confirmed a reduction in labor time and personnel required to measure HWLs by as much as one half while significantly improving measurement accuracy and reducing fall related risks by eliminating the need to climb on HWLs. In addition to these immediate benefits, the early stages of implementation have highlighted a potential long-term need for standardized measurement training within the industry. Anticipating the growing knowledge gap left by attrition, railroad mechanical departments are placing greater emphasis on training new car inspectors to assume the safety critical task of HWL measurement. This paper explores the current state of HWL measurement in the US railroad industry and identifies potential solutions, using technology, to further standardize both the practice of measuring HWLs and the training of new inspectors.
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Segala, David B., David Chelidze, Albert Adams, Jeffrey M. Schiffman, and Leif Hasselquist. "Tracking Physiological Fatigue in Prolonged Load Carriage Walking Using Phase Space Warping and Smooth Orthogonal Decomposition." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67329.
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The ability to track and predict the onset of physiologic fatigue using easily measurable variables is of great importance to both civilian and military activities. In this paper, biomechanical gait variables are used to reconstruct fatigue evolution in subjects walking with a 40 kg load on a level treadmill for two hours. Fatigue is reconstructed in two steps: (1) phase space warping based feature vectors are estimated from gait variable time series; and (2) smooth orthogonal decomposition is used to extract fatigue related trends from these features. These results are verified using independently obtained measures of fatigue from breath-by-breath oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and surface electromyography (EMG) from a set of leg muscles. V˙O2 based measures for some subjects show no discernable trends. However, for a subject showing monotonically increasing oxygen consumption, the reconstructed dominant fatigue variable closely track V˙O2 measure reflecting global systemic fatigue. For the muscles showing variation in EMG-based fatigue measures, the reconstructed fatigue variables also closely track these local muscle trends. The results show that kinematic angles, which are easier quantities to measure in the field, can be used to track and predict the onset of fatigue.
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Zhou, Biyun, Xue Lihao, Xiaopeng Liu, Qing Yang, Liangsheng Ma, and Li Ding. "The physical load of the Human body during Motion with BP Neural Network." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002613.
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Background: Unreasonable tasks will increase the person’s physical load, leading to safety accidents and occupational diseases. To ensure a reasonable physical load and improve the operational efficiency of the person as far as possible, it is necessary to predict and evaluate the physical load of workers in real-time.Objective: A prediction model of the physical load intensity of the human body based on a neural network was established, and its effectiveness was verified.Methods: Twelve volunteers completed four movements walking, jogging, climbing, and jumping. The surface electromyography (sEMG) on the left and right sides of the rectus femoris and biceps femoris was measured, and the motor posture of volunteers was obtained by Vicon, the joint torque, maximum muscle activity, and muscular force parameters were calculated based on the reverse dynamic model of human motion. The sEMG eigenvalue and mechanical load parameters in different postures were considered input and output, respectively, and 80% of all data were used as the training set and the rest as the validation set.Results: In this study, we found that the hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint have a sizeable joint torque during movement, in which the joint torque of the ankle joint is the largest and twice human body weight at its peak. Besides, a larger muscle load occurs at the beginning and end of contact between the human foot and the ground, and the muscle strength of the rectus femoris was significantly higher than that of the biceps femoris (p<0.05). The number of neurons in the input layer, an output layer, and a hidden layer of the model is 32, 13, and 12, respectively. This study found that the prediction error of maximum muscle activity was 6.4%. The average prediction error of joint torque was 8.7%, and the prediction error of the muscular force of the rectus femoris muscle was no more than 9.5%. This model can reasonably predict the physical load of the human body.Conclusions: A workload evaluation model based on the BP neural network was established in this research, which can analyze the biomechanics of the human body in motion and judge the human body’s physical load effectively according to the EMG signal.Application: This model can measure the body load of soldiers and firefighters in real-time during task training and provide a reference for task design.
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Scharnke, Jule, Tone Vestbøstad, Jaap de Wilde, and Sverre Haver. "Wave-in-Deck Impact Load Measurements on a Fixed Platform Deck." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23180.
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New methods for estimation of extreme wave crest heights have resulted in an increase of the estimated 10,000 year crest height. At the Norwegian Continental Shelf this increase is typically 2 to 4 m, resulting in a crest height of 22 m to 24 m in the Central & Northern North Sea and the Haltenbanken area. As a result several fixed platforms designed prior to 2000 may experience negative air gap if being hit by the 10,000 year wave crest height. Numerical methods have been used for assessing wave-in-deck impact loads. The model tests discussed in this paper were conducted to be used as verification of the numerical codes. For the model tests two sea states along the 10,000 year contour line were considered. Several 3-hour (full scale time) realizations were calibrated in order to capture the natural variability of the most extreme crest heights. For wave deck impact problems, one is merely interested in the few very large wave crests out of a 3-hour simulation. A more efficient test scope would, therefore, be to generate only the largest wave groups of the realizations. For this reason the most extreme crest(s) per sea state were identified and most wave-in-deck tests were conducted by generating only the part of the time series containing the large crest(s). The wave calibration results were discussed in a previous paper, see [1]. For the wave-in-deck model tests, an existing North Sea jacket was built at scale 1:60 and instrumented in order to measure the global loads on the platform deck independently from the loads on the jacket itself. In this paper the model test setup as well as the measured wave-in-deck impact loads are discussed and compared to a simplified load prediction model. The presented results show that the simplified loading model, with wave properties based on Stokes 5th order wave theory, underestimates the measured horizontal deck loads.
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Alekseyev, Jesslyn, Madeline Chmielinski, Emmanuel Mallea, Jo Kurucar, Vincent Mancuso, and Robert Seater. "Fun as a Strategic Advantage: Applying Lessons in Engagement from Commercial Games to Military Logistics Training." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002399.
Full textAbstract:
Games have been identified as a potential solution to improving learning outcomes in educational settings. Game environments offer many elements to augment traditional classroom learning such as lectures and static reading assignments. They enable players to explore concepts through repeat play in a low-risk environment, and can integrate feedback into gameplay to enable students to evaluate their own performance. Commercial games leverage a number of features to engage players and hold their attention; they typically use enticing graphics and visual elements, and break game play down for new players. But do those methods have a place in instructional environments with a captive and motivated audience? Our experience and measures suggest that yes; applying lessons in engagement from commercial games can help students become more invested in their learning. Though the military may not prioritize fun, they are interested in leveraging potentially effective training methods.MIT Lincoln Laboratory worked with the Office of Naval Research Global TechSolutions (ONR Global TechSolutions), the Marine Corps University Expeditionary Warfighting School (MCU EWS), and the Marine Corps Expeditionary Energy Office (E2O) to develop an interactive, web-based serious game prototype that teaches the principles of logistics and their trade-offs. Developed from a proposal by Marine Corps Captains, the game’s overarching objective was to improve the education and training of Marine Corps University students on the topic of energy management and logistics. Throughout development, MIT LL conducted game assessments at regular intervals, both with internal personnel and Marine Corps University students to validate project goals and guide development. A final test was conducted at the conclusion of development to measure usability against earlier results to measure learning outcomes, and examine the impact of engagement on learning outcomes as well as user reported experience. The game was tested with 12 students and 4 non-student personnel, who represented a mix of operations, logistics, and other disciplines. Students were split between “engaged” (7 students) and “de-engaged” conditions (5 students), where the “de-engaged” condition replaced introductory movies with equivalent static content, and removed decorative elements. Game rules, game information, user support information, and user workflows did not change between the conditions. Though testing was conducted throughout with a relatively small sample size, qualitative and quantitative measures suggest results relevant to how game-based and digital learning tools are designed. Reported usability increased considerably throughout development with less coaching and support, including during development phases focused almost exclusively on improving engagement and applying lessons from entertainment games. In the final assessment, those in the “engaged” condition reported higher usability scores as expected, but also reported making less mistakes and finding play easier. Additionally, those in the “engaged” condition reported finding stronger connections between the principles of logistics presented, indicating that there is a connection between engaging features and learning outcomes. Though more research is needed to see if results hold up more broadly, these results indicate that the integration of engaging features can improve engagement and perception as well as potentially improving learning outcomes even with communities that may not traditionally prioritize engagement.
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Heyn, Hans-Martin, Roger Skjetne, and Francesco Scibilia. "Distributed Sensing of Loads Acting Against the Hull of a Stationkeeping Vessel in Ice." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78579.
Full textAbstract:
This paper introduces the concept of distributed motion sensing for stationkeeping vessels in ice infested waters. During the SKT 2017 project, conducted in February and March 2017 in the Bay of Bothnia, five inertial measurement units were installed on the vessel Magne Viking. Four of the sensor units were installed at different positions inside the hull of the vessel, which enabled the system to locally measure ice-induced vibrations in the hull of the vessel. The fifth sensor unit was installed at a central position of the vessel and served as reference sensor for measuring the acting global load on the vessel. Under stationkeeping the global load measured on the ship should be close to zero, because the environmental load is equal to the force from the stationkeeping system. However the remaining four motion sensor units in the hull also measured locally induced vibrations. The study shows that this sensor configuration allows for the detection of changes in the acting load against the vessel. This is demonstrated with motion data obtained during the stationkeeping trials on the vessel Magne Viking.