To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS (GVCS).
Journal articles on the topic 'GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS (GVCS)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS (GVCS).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Johnson, Robert C. "Measuring Global Value Chains." Annual Review of Economics 10, no. 1 (August 2, 2018): 207–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080217-053600.
Full textAbstract:
Recent decades have seen the emergence of global value chains (GVCs), in which production stages for individual goods are broken apart and scattered across countries. Stimulated by these developments, there has been rapid progress in data and methods for measuring GVC linkages. The macro approach to measuring GVCs connects national input–output tables across borders by using bilateral trade data to construct global input–output tables. These tables have been applied to measure trade in value added, the length of and location of producers in GVCs, and price linkages across countries. The micro approach uses firm-level data to document firms’ input sourcing decisions, how import and export participation are linked, and how multinational firms organize their production networks. In this review, I evaluate progress in these two approaches, highlighting points of contact between them and areas that demand further work. I argue that further convergence between these approaches can strengthen both, yielding a more complete empirical portrait of GVCs.
2
Antràs, Pol. "Conceptual Aspects of Global Value Chains." World Bank Economic Review 34, no. 3 (April 14, 2020): 551–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhaa006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This article offers an overview of some key conceptual aspects associated with the rise of global value chains (GVCs). It outlines a series of alternative interpretations and definitions of what the rise of GVCs entails, and it traces the implications of these alternative conceptualizations for the measurement of the phenomenon, as well as for elucidating the key determinants and implications of GVC participation, both at the country level and at the firm level. In the process, it offers some speculative thoughts about the future of GVCs in light of the advent of an array of new technologies.
3
Deineko, Liudmyla, Olena Tsyplitska, Oksana Kushnirenko, and Oleksandr Deineko. "An institutional mechanism for integrating domestic manufacturing into global value chains." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 3 (September 27, 2019): 438–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(3).2019.35.
Full textAbstract:
The study reveals the peculiarities of modern global production development due to global value chains (GVCs) formation that allow both developing and developed countries to integrate successfully into international production networks. This research is aimed at identifing key factors responsible for the upstream movement of Ukraine through GVCs and determining locations for production capacities, as well as at developing an institutional mechanism for facilitating the successful integration of domestic producers into GVSs. To achieve this, a multiple linear regression reflecting the interrelation between manufacturing industry share in exports value added and the institutional and economic indicators is analyzed. Three scientific hypotheses are tested and two of them are verified. The multiple linear regression results disclose a significant impact of institutional factors on the country’s ability to participate in GVCs and justify the first hypothesis, namely the higher the government effectiveness and regulatory quality are, the higher the manufacturing value added in exports is. Better governance and administrative functions performance enhance companies’ export potential. The model also verifies the second hypothesis that emphasizes better ability to join GVCs with low and medium technology product than with a high technology one. The model outputs contradict the third hypothesis on the protectionism: high tariffs for imports significantly matter in exports promotion. However, this result should be considered while accounting for the global trend of trade liberalization and Ukraine’s international agreements. The article proposes policy recommendations for improving the positions of Ukraine in GVCs.
4
Vlckova, Jana, and Bublu Sarbani Thakur-Weigold. "Global value chains in the MedTech industry." International Journal of Emerging Markets 15, no. 1 (February 6, 2019): 70–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-05-2017-0179.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Medical technology (MedTech) is a growth industry, which like other manufacturing sectors has undergone fragmentation of production and emergence of Global Value Chains (GVCs). The purpose of this paper is to compare how two open European economies position themselves competitively within MedTech GVCs: highly developed Switzerland and the emerging Czech Republic. Design/methodology/approach The research applies a mixed methodology to analyze the performance of each location in the MedTech GVCs. It draws on macroeconomic, industry, trade and a proprietary sample of firm data, combined with onsite interviews. Findings The economic outcomes and GVC positions differ in both cases, whereas Switzerland focuses on high value-added activities such as R&D and after-sales service. Specialized manufacturing is also located here in spite of high costs. By contrast, the Czech Republic focuses mostly on low value-added activities, like manufacturing disposables, although some domestic innovative companies are notable. The authors generalize four types of firms in the industry, comparing their presence in both locations. Practical implications The competitive positions and challenges faced by each location when engaging in MedTech GVCs are summarized and related to economic outcomes. In the Czech Republic, the barriers to upgrading include its business environment, and weak links between education institutions and industry. Switzerland’s high cost structure is offset by adding high value in core competencies. Both countries should protect the inherent advantage their locations offer within responsive European supply chains. Originality/value GVC research in the MedTech sector has been limited. There is no comparison of two European countries, and their position in MedTech GVCs, nor of how firms, participate successfully in them.
5
Davis, Dennis, Raphael Kaplinsky, and Mike Morris. "Rents, Power and Governance in Global Value Chains." Journal of World-Systems Research 24, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 43–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2018.662.
Full textAbstract:
This paper addresses the generation of rents and the distribution of gains in the global operations of governed Global Value Chains (GVCs) and seeks to provide an architecture for analyzing the governance of GVCs. It distinguishes between four sets of rent—gifts of nature; innovation rents; exogenously defined rents; and market power—and three spheres of governance—setting the rules -“legislative governance”; implementing the rules -“executive governance”; and monitoring rules and sanctioning malfeasance -“judicial governance.” The exercise of governance power in GVCs over the generation, protection and appropriation of rents is considered though the lens of four sets of key GVC stakeholders—the corporate sector, civil society organizations, the nation state and supranational institutions. This general analysis is given flesh through three case studies: food-safety standards in GVCs; taxation policies and competition policies. In these sectors, the corporate sector is generally much more effective in governing rent generation and appropriation in the global operations of GVCs than are the three sets of non-corporate stakeholders. From this observation we offer a hypothesis that the capacity of non-corporate stakeholders, including national states, to govern GVCs is contingent upon the extent to which this coincides with the interest of the corporate sector. However, as noted, this balance of power between private and non-corporate actors is a contested terrain and dynamic in nature.
6
Gölgeci, Ismail, David Marius Gligor, Ewelina Lacka, and Jawwad Z. Raja. "Understanding the influence of servitization on global value chains: a conceptual framework." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 41, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 645–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-08-2020-0515.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThis paper examines the servitization phenomenon in the context of global value chains (GVCs) and presents a conceptual framework by connecting the two literature streams—servitization and GVCs—to depict the interconnected multilevel processes by which the influence of servitization on GVC structure and governance is manifested.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on cross-disciplinary literature, the authors develop a multilevel conceptual framework. The theoretically informed framework advances research on servitization and GVCs and provides a line of inquiry to be explored as avenues for future research opportunities.FindingsThe authors argue that servitization instigates the formation of new ecosystems and collaborative structures within GVCs, reduces the fragmentation of the overall network structure and increases embeddedness within the subclusters of GVCs. These changes are expected to be reflected in the increase in the complexity of firms' GVC governance tasks, a greater reliance on relational governance, and an increase in the dependency on local partners in terms of the governance of GVCs.Originality/valueThis conceptual paper establishes the link between servitization and GVCs, anchors the servitization phenomenon in GVCs, explains how servitizing firms can engage in and shape GVCs and offers insights into the servitization-driven changes in GVCs. The conceptual framework is intended to lay the foundation for future empirical research on the link between servitization and GVCs.
7
Su, Fang, Zaheer Khan, Yong Kyu Lew, Byung Il Park, and Umair Shafi Choksy. "Internationalization of Chinese SMEs: The role of networks and global value chains." BRQ Business Research Quarterly 23, no. 2 (April 2020): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2340944420916339.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines the role of networks and global value chains (GVCs) and how they influence emerging economy small- and medium-sized enterprises’ (EE-SMEs) internationalization. Drawing on the insights, experiences, and perspectives of entrepreneurs and senior managers of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that have originated from China, the study adopts qualitative approach and examines nine firms’ internationalization. We find that Chinese born-global manufacturing SMEs benefit from networks with quick insidership position into GVCs, but suffer from various obstacles that hinder their further development. The findings further indicate that network ties substantially facilitate EE-SMEs’ internationalization, but also restrict their future global development, as their low position within the GVCs impedes further business development and capability building. The case firms’ lower position within the GVCs weakens the networks’ influence on their GVC upgrading. The research identifies key enablers of GVC engagement and obstacles of GVC upgrading of the case firms which play an important role in the EE-SMEs’ internationalization. JEL CLASSIFICATION: M10; M16
8
Stringer, Christina, and Snejina Michailova. "Why modern slavery thrives in multinational corporations’ global value chains." Multinational Business Review 26, no. 3 (September 17, 2018): 194–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbr-04-2018-0032.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeModern slavery, one of the most abhorrent crimes against humanity, is a profitable international business (IB). It often operates in a hidden form in the global value chains (GVCs) governed by multinational corporations (MNCs). The purpose of this paper is to examine why slavery exists in GVCs and what this means for MNCs.Design/methodology/approachThe paper borrows insights from the GVC literature to conceptually link MNCs and modern slavery. Different from the IB literature that predominantly focusses on the MNC as a single firm, the paper emphasizes the importance of paying attention to the MNC value chains and their complexity and fragmentation.FindingsThree factors which help explain modern slavery in GVCs are examined: the complexity of GVCs and the challenges this poses to their governance, the business case for slavery and the conditions that enable modern slavery. These factors, taken together, provide an explanation why modern slavery can creep into, persist and thrive in MNCs’ GVCs.Research limitations/implicationsThe argument is put forward for the need for IB scholars to borrow from the GVC literature to help understand why slavery can exist in the GVCs of MNCs. This opens the opportunity for examining the MNC in ways not considered by IB scholars so far.Originality/valueThe paper addresses an issue long ignored in IB research and issues a call for IB scholars to study MNCs in a new way, namely, linking MNCs’ activities with modern slavery.
9
Pathikonda, Vilas, and Thomas Farole. "The Capabilities Driving Participation in Global Value Chains." Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 08, no. 01 (February 2017): 1750006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993317500065.
Full textAbstract:
Global value chains (GVCs) have altered the nature of global trade and offer significant opportunities for developing countries to expand exports, access technology, and raise productivity. Recent literature has pointed to a range of underlying characteristics that may drive participation in GVCs. Using a modified factor-content methodology, this paper shows that proximity to markets, efficient logistics, and strength of institutions are among the most important capabilities. However, the paper also shows that each sector has a unique mix of capability requirements. The paper applies the methodology to Southern African Customs Union countries, and demonstrates that, by filling gaps in underlying capabilities, these countries could increase participation in certain GVC sectors.
10
Lee, Joonkoo, and Gary Gereffi. "Global value chains, rising power firms and economic and social upgrading." critical perspectives on international business 11, no. 3/4 (July 6, 2015): 319–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpoib-03-2014-0018.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce the global value chain (GVC) approach to understand the relationship between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and the changing patterns of global trade, investment and production, and its impact on economic and social upgrading. It aims to illuminate how GVCs can advance our understanding about MNEs and rising power (RP) firms and their impact on economic and social upgrading in fragmented and dispersed global production systems. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the GVC literature focusing on two conceptual elements of the GVC approach, governance and upgrading, and highlights three key recent developments in GVCs: concentration, regionalization and synergistic governance. Findings – The paper underscores the complicated role of GVCs in shaping economic and social upgrading for emerging economies, RP firms and developing country firms in general. Rising geographic and organizational concentration in GVCs leads to the uneven distribution of upgrading opportunities in favor of RP firms, and yet economic upgrading may be elusive even for the most established suppliers because of power asymmetry with global buyers. Shifting end markets and the regionalization of value chains can benefit RP firms by presenting alternative markets for upgrading. Yet, without further upgrading, such benefits may be achieved at the expense of social downgrading. Finally, the ineffectiveness of private standards to achieve social upgrading has led to calls for synergistic governance through the cooperation of private, public and social actors, both global and local. Originality/value – The paper illuminates how the GVC approach and its key concepts can contribute to the critical international business and RP firms literature by examining the latest dynamics in GVCs and their impacts on economic and social development in developing countries.
11
Reddy, Ketan. "Financial Constraints and Global Value Chains Participation of Indian MSMEs." Indian Economic Journal 68, no. 1 (March 2020): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019466220946325.
Full textAbstract:
This brief note highlights the importance of micro, small, and medium enterprises in India and the gains associated with the global value chain (GVC) participation for small and medium firms. The note also sheds light upon financial constraints as a major obstacle faced by these firms in their decision to participate in GVCs. The stagnancy in Indian manufacturing and the potential that GVC holds for the country, especially in line with the policy initiatives of Make in India, makes this a very pivotal area of research, and this research note aims to promote more research related to GVCs in India.
12
Kotturu, Chandra Mouli V. V., and Biswajit Mahanty. "Determinants of SME integration into global value chains." Journal of Advances in Management Research 14, no. 3 (August 7, 2017): 313–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-02-2017-0013.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose In recent years, due to intense competition, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are unable to meet performance expectations and find difficulty in fulfilling the needs of the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Consequently, the growth of the SMEs has slowed down considerably. Constrained by their infrastructural resources, SMEs’ participation in global value chains (GVCs) has the potential to bring significant benefits, such as enhancing technological learning and innovation and generating positive contributions to the development of the SMEs. The purpose of this paper is to explore competitive priorities, key factors, and causal relationships influencing SMEs to enter GVCs. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the GVC framework is adopted and qualitative feedback loop analysis is used to identify the key factors influencing the competitive factors. A questionnaire survey was carried out with the automotive component manufacturers of a transnational corporation in India. Findings The survey in the automotive component manufacturing industry reveals product quality standards as the most important priority for joining global production networks, followed by price competitiveness, timely delivery, innovativeness, manufacturing flexibility, service, and dependability. The qualitative findings reveal continuous personnel training, capacity expansion, research development, and others as key factors influencing competitiveness. Practical implications To retain SMEs’ role in economic development and to accelerate the growth of global production networks in India, thereby realizing opportunities from the emerging GVCs, support is needed for SMEs regarding the aspects identified in this study. Originality/value The study explores the dynamics of each competitive priority of SMEs in Indian automotive component manufacturing industry to enter the GVCs. No study has explored the dynamics of SMEs competitiveness to enter GVCs in the automotive manufacturing industry.
13
Antràs, Pol, and Alonso Gortari. "On the Geography of Global Value Chains." Econometrica 88, no. 4 (2020): 1553–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta15362.
Full textAbstract:
This paper develops a multi‐stage general‐equilibrium model of global value chains (GVCs) and studies the specialization of countries within GVCs in a world with barriers to international trade. With costly trade, the optimal location of production of a given stage in a GVC is not only a function of the marginal cost at which that stage can be produced in a given country, but is also shaped by the proximity of that location to the precedent and the subsequent desired locations of production. We show that, other things equal, it is optimal to locate relatively downstream stages of production in relatively central locations. We also develop and estimate a tractable, quantifiable version of our model that illustrates how changes in trade costs affect the extent to which various countries participate in domestic, regional, or global value chains, and traces the real income consequences of these changes.
14
Marcato, Marília Bassetti, and Carolina Troncoso Baltar. "Economic upgrading in global value chains." Revista Brasileira de Inovação 19 (March 5, 2020): e020002. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/rbi.v19i0.8654359.
Full textAbstract:
This paper has critically documented a vast literature addressing the multi-layered outcomes associated with participating in global value chains (GVCs). In particular, this paper reviews and synthesizes the definitions and quantitative measures of one particular dimension of the GVC analysis that is two-fold: the economic and social upgrading. More specifically, we discuss the economic perspective of upgrading, which is usually associated with “moving into higher value-added stages”, and it is commonly assumed to be followed by positive spillovers regarding technology and productivity. This paper emphasizes the important diversity of definitions and measures within the GVC literature, considering it as a reflection, to a certain extent, of the absence of a systematic theoretical apparatus in the GVC literature. The paper concludes with some considerations on the role of policymakers in promoting social upgrading as an important topic in the GVC research agenda.
15
Maksymenko, Anna. "Methodological approaches to global value chains analysis." Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine, no. 4(138) (2019): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/2071-4653-2019-4-3.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to overview of methodological approaches to the analysis of the global value chains. Value chain is a full range of activities which is done by firm or employees in order to bring a product from its conception to its end use. This also includes activities such as design, production, marketing, distribution and support to the final consumer. Global value chains (GVC) involve different type of firm from different countries in such activities. The paper emphasizes that this research topic is interdisciplinary. Topics in GVC literature include variety of aspects: impact of globalization on employment, horizontal and vertical links between enterprises in the chain, governance structure of organizing international production networks, supply and income distribution, spread of innovation and technology, firms’ upgrading etc. Generally, A. Morrison, C. Pietrobelli and R. Rabellotti have identified two different “schools” or approaches within the broad GVC literature: the internationalist approach and the industrialist approach. Typology of global value chains is quite developed topic. Such types as market type, modular type, relational type, captive type, hierarchy type of governance have been distinguished and described by foreign researches. Elements of modernization processes of the value chain have been highlighted. Approaches to upgrading of value added production can be considered as upgrading of products (and packaging), upgrading of processes, functional upgrading, inter-sectoral upgrading. Also concept of upgrading can relate to upgrading of value chain-network structure and upgrading of governance structures. The topic of barriers for integration in global value chains for developing countries is crucial. There are several factors affecting developing country competitiveness in GVCs: productive capacity, infrastructure and service, business environment, trade and investment policy, industry institutionalization. The main conclusions emerging from analytical overview presented in this article are that various approaches to GVCs analysis exist and that the choice of particular approach should be based on specific research topic which is investigated as well as data sources (e.g. firms’ business record, input-output tables, interviews with enterprises, business association, government officers etc).
16
Fortanier, Fabienne, Guannan Miao, Ans Kolk, and Niccolò Pisani. "Accounting for firm heterogeneity in global value chains." Journal of International Business Studies 51, no. 3 (December 13, 2019): 432–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41267-019-00282-0.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe growing interest in global value chains (GVCs) has been paired with a greater appreciation of the need for better measurement methods, as reflected by recent initiatives from academia and leading international organizations. This research note focuses on one method to measure GVCs that has been recommended in recent scholarly work, namely input–output models, but goes beyond the industry level of analysis by introducing intra-industry firm heterogeneity. Our illustrative application to multinational enterprises (MNEs) versus domestic firms’ participation in GVCs enhances our understanding of their specific role in GVCs and how such engagement varies across countries and industries. While showing that MNEs’ contribution to value-added exports is considerably smaller than what is suggested by traditional trade statistics, our findings also, interestingly, document that the higher import content of exports of MNEs can go hand in hand with the creation of local backward linkages as a function of their much higher specialization in only parts of the production process vis-à-vis domestic firms. By answering relevant questions on MNEs’ engagement in GVCs that have hitherto been impossible to address comprehensibly and in a cross-country comparative setting, this application illustrates how the methodology has great potential for international business research.
17
Varnavskii, V. "Global Value Chains (GVCS) and COVID-19 Pandemic." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 1 (2021): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-1-14-23.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the status of Global Value Chains (GVCs) amid the COVID 19 pandemic and their influence on world economic development. Key aspects of the world economy and GVCs transformation in the context of the COVID 19 are studied. A brief overview of the economic literature and development of theoretical frameworks and concepts of Global Value Chains as well as globalisation and “slowbalisation” is provided. The article focuses on estimates of key indicators published by international bodies, such as the United Nations, UNCTAD, UNIDO, OECD, WTO, IMF and others. Various think tanks and other institutions such as World Economic Forum, European Central Bank, McKinsey Global Institute, Deloitte, NBER have been analyzing GVCs’ contribution to the transmission of the COVID 19 macroeconomic shocks across countries. A quantitative assessment of participation in GVCs for countries and regions based on available data in the Trade in Value Added (TiVA) database are discussed. Specific attention is paid to the key GVCs indicators, including exports of intermediate goods and foreign value added share of gross exports. Special attention is paid to the economic downturn in the United States and characteristics of GVCs involving enterprises located in Wuhan (China), which is very important to many global supply chains. Various kinds of long-term trends and structural changes are analyzed. It is noted that gross domestic product (GDP) of the USA in constant 2012 prices (ignoring inflation) fell in the second quarter of 2020 compared to the previous quarter by 31.7% but only 9.1% compared to the first quarter of 2020. It is concluded that improving supply chains’ recovery ability will be an important factor for restoring global economic activity in post-coronavirus times.
18
Frolova, Elena D., Zulparuza A. Abdurahkmanova, and Alexander A. Ishukov. "Participation of Kazakhstan Pharmaceutical Companies in Global Value Chains Authors." Economy of Region 17, no. 2 (June 2021): 473–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-2-9.
Full textAbstract:
Growing interest of national economies in global value chains (GVCs) and the lack of micro-level research brought us to study the integration of countries in GVCs at the enterprise level (using the example of the pharmaceutical industry). We examine the situation in the Republic of Kazakhstan that is beginning to integrate into GVCs. Results of a questionnaire survey of the country’s pharmaceutical companies are considered along with public statistics. We developed a methodology to analyse the participation of a national entity in GVCs at the micro-level (including the enterprise participation in GVCs) and assess the performance of Kazakh pharmaceutical companies. The research is based on export and import data. A hypothesis on the participation of national pharmaceutical enterprises was partially confirmed: several surveyed companies participate in generic drugs GVCs at the production level, thus the value added is low. Features of pioneering entry into pharmaceutical global value chains for countries lacking such integration experience were demonstrated on a specific example. The obtained results can be used by countries starting the process of integration into pharmaceutical GVCs, as well as by Kazakhstan when developing the pharmaceutical industry.
19
Eller, Klaas Hendrik. "Is ‘Global Value Chain’ a Legal Concept?" European Review of Contract Law 16, no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ercl-2020-0002.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractToday’s organization of production and services along global value chains (GVCs) uses contracts as central building blocks, yet is largely disconnected from contract law’s dominant epistemology and social imaginary. This article charts when, how and why GVCs have appeared on the radar of contract scholars and unravels the related methodological and disciplinary challenges. Rather than treating GVCs as a ‘legal concept’ in a strict sense that might command the application of particular rules, I propose to understand them as a ‘legal heuristic’: GVCs require contract law to revisit its constitutive role for matters of distribution, participation and equality under globalization. Towards this, GVCs need to be understood as organizational arrangement and simultaneously as a stage in the evolution of a global political economy. Beyond the classical confines of ‘contract governance’, this brings into the picture the wide array of formal and informal technologies of ‘contract governmentality’. Together with the material, technological or informational infrastructure, these are referred to as ‘code’ of GVCs, suggested here as focus of future contract law research on GVCs.
20
Волгина, Наталья, and Пэнфэй Лю. "Китай в глобальных цепочках стоимости: некоторые факты." ИЗВЕСТИЯ ДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. ЭКОНОМИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ, no. 4 (2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/2311-2271/2020-4/20-27.
Full textAbstract:
В статье представлены особенности участия Китая в глобальной цепочке создания стоимости (далее ГЦС) по сравнению с крупнейшими мировыми экспортерами. В соответствии с расчетами на основе статистической базы ОЭСР TiVa, авторы приходят к следующим выводам: в последние годы для всех стран было характерно снижение интеграции в ГЦС, при этом, показатели этого снижения для Китая были минимальными; сокращение участия стран в ГЦС напрямую связана с уменьшением доли зарубежной добавленной стоимости в экспорте, причем зависимость Китая от импортируемых промежуточных продуктов снижалась наиболее быстрыми темпами. China’s accession to the WTO has not only entailed China's increased role in the world trade, but has also symbolized the beginning of China’s accelerated integration into the global value chains (GVCs). Initially, China was of interest to developed countries as a location with relatively cheap labor, but gradually its role in the GVC changed, and China became the largest exporter of intermediate goods of final demand in the industrial supply chains, primarily in the automotive and electronics sectors. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate Chinese exports not only and not so much in terms of gross figures, but in terms of value added indicators. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the features of China's participation in GVCs compared with the world's largest exporters such as the USA and Germany. In accordance with the calculations based on the OECD TiVa statistical database, the authors come to the following conclusions: all countries have experienced a decline in GSC integration in recent years, while the rate of the decline for China has been minimal; the decline in countries' participation in GSCs is directly related to the declining share of foreign value added in exports, with China's dependence on imported intermediate products declining most rapidly; at the same time China has increased its share of indirect domestic value added in its exports of intermediate goods by building up its own supply chain. Despite the fact that the countries participation in GVCs is declining, it remains very high, and it is too early to talk about the established trends in de-globalization.
21
Rogach, O. "THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS RESTRUCTURING." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 142 (2020): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2020.142.1.62-73.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyzes the international production of multinational enterprises (MNEs). It presents some theoretical approaches to the analysis of international production, such as fragmentation theory, global value chains (GVCs) theory. The article argues that at the present stage of the world economy internationalization, there are two trends in the localization of MNEs global chains. The first trend indicates a slowdown of GVCs growth in the last seven years. The second trend characterizes the restructuring of GVCs. It indicates the backward movement of certain international production fragments to the MNEs home countries. Among the major factors that have slowed the growth of international MNEs production, the article analyzes the political instability and low economic dynamics of some FDI exporting countries. Changes in the location of global value chains are driven by technological, economic and geopolitical factors. Fourth industrial revolution, the robotization of production and new technologies for shale oil and gas in the US are changing the traditional determinants for GVCs localization. They have caused the relocation of many businesses from countries with the cheap labour to MNEs home countries. The article also highlights that the important factors of GVCs restructuring are the fiscal mechanisms implemented by the US administration, including tax reform. But the short-term and long-term effects of such measures differ significantly. Finally, the third important factor in the dynamics and restructuring of multinational enterprise network production is the geopolitical risk and political uncertainty. The trade war between the US and China has had a particularly significant impact on the current global value chains rebuilding.
22
López González, Javier, Valentina Meliciani, and Maria Savona. "When Linder meets Hirschman: inter-industry linkages and global value chains in business services." Industrial and Corporate Change 28, no. 6 (June 5, 2019): 1555–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtz023.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This article looks at the determinants of a country’s participation in business services (BS) global value chains (GVCs). BS GVCs are comparatively less explored than traditional manufacturing ones, and there is a gap in the literature on the relative positions of countries in BS GVCs and the opportunities they might open for development. This article puts forward and finds empirical support to the conjecture that the domestic structure of backward and forward linkages à la Hirschman, alongside the domestic representative demand for BS à la Linder, are of high importance. The results, based on the World Input-Output Database, suggest that the presence of strong domestic backward-linked industries to BS makes an emerging country more likely to create domestic value within BS GVC. Our findings contribute to the debate on a “premature de-industrialization” in emerging countries and on the relationship between levels of development and engagement in BS GVCs.
23
Burlina, Chiara, and Eleonora Di Maria. "Manufacturing and value-added dynamics in global value chains: the case of Italy." Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal 30, no. 4 (May 1, 2020): 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-10-2019-0100.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper aims to provide a snapshot of various countries’ contributions to value produced along global value chains (GVCs). It focusses on manufacturing activities and their evolution over time, in the context of GVC regionalisation. Design/methodology/approach The Trade in Value Added (TiVA) and World Integrated Trade Solution databases for the period of 2005-2015 were used to explore the case of Italy and its industries’ specialisations (Made in Italy): fashion, furniture, automotive and machinery traditionally organised into clusters. Various analyses were used to show the dynamics of gross import–export and imported–exported value-added. Moreover, the revealed comparative advantage index was computed to test whether the Made in Italy sector remains a source of competitive advantage for Italy within GVCs. Findings The results highlight how the geography of value-added is changing over time, with growing importance placed on the countries close to Italy and with a different pace according to each considered GVC. Originality/value The paper applied new methods to compare trade and analyse value-added dynamics through a recent database released by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development within the TiVA initiative that is useful for scholars and policymakers.
24
Lim, Byeongho, Jeongho Yoo, Kyoungseo Hong, and Inkyo Cheong. "Impacts of Reverse Global Value Chain (GVC) Factors on Global Trade and Energy Market." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 3417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123417.
Full textAbstract:
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 and the American decoupling policy, the global value chains (GVCs) have been switched to regional GVCs, and, in the worst case, are subject to a potential alteration of reversing the GVCs, ultimately entailing a severe impact on international trade and the global energy market. This paper applies a quantitative approach using a computational general equilibrium (CGE) model to estimate the effects of the reverse GVC factors on the global economy, trade, and energy market. These reverse GVC factors will decrease the global GDP, and such effect will bring a greater influence on both China as well as the United States, which is pursuing decoupling. The increased trade costs due to these factors will reduce the GVC indices, mostly in ASEAN by 0.2~1.15%, followed by Korea, Japan and China. Surprisingly, the GVC index in the United States is expected to be strengthened due to the enhanced GVC with its allies such as Canada and Mexico. In China, the use of oil, gas and petroleum is expected to decrease by around 10%, and similar effects are expected in Korea and the EU. Among the world’s major energy producers, it is estimated that the US will reduce energy exports by 16–62% depending on the energy source, and the Middle East and Russia will significantly reduce their gas exports. The global energy market is shrinking, but in particular, the international gas market is expected to decrease by 27.3~38.6%.
25
Choi, Nakgyoon. "Global Value Chains and East Asian Trade in Value-Added." Asian Economic Papers 14, no. 3 (October 2015): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00388.
Full textAbstract:
The rise of global value chains (GVCs) has changed the patterns of trade in East Asia. This paper aims to analyze GVCs since the mid 1990s and to investigate the determinants of East Asian trade in value-added. At the world level, export (measured in value-added) is increasingly sensitive to the capital–labor ratio and high-skilled labor productivity. In East Asia, however, the opposite trend is seen. It is also found that free trade agreements do not promote export in East Asia, only export in intermediate goods.
26
Volgina, Natalia. "Global Value Chain Research: The Role of International Organisations." International Organisations Research Journal 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 255–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2020-02-12.
Full textAbstract:
Recent years the phenomenon of global value chains (GVCs) has attracted great attention of international organizations. Many of them are involved in the study of GVCs, primarily the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the UN Commission on Trade and Development, the World Trade Organization, the World Bank, the World Intellectual Property Organization and others, including regional international organizations, such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Asia, UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, African Development Bank, etc. The purpose of this article is to identify how the role and position of international organizations in the global market for GVC research has changed, both in terms of specific content and in terms of interaction with individual scientists and other international and national institutions. GVC research by international organizations makes an important contribution to the understanding the contradictory features of international fragmentation, the participation of countries, regions, industries and individual firms in it. The publications of international organizations have a common research paradigm: they all recognize the importance of GVCs for national economic development. A similar conceptual framework for the study of GVCs is combined with the research specialization of international organizations, which reflects the main focus of the activity of one or another organization. The availability of research specialization is accompanied by continuity and coordination of research; the conclusions of international organizations do not contradict, but rather complement each other. The most important feature of all publications of international organizations is also their practical orientation, the focus on elaborating recommendations for national policies aimed at maximizing the benefits of participation in GVCs and minimizing the risks of such integration. A key feature of the research of international organizations is their generalizing nature, which allows highlighting the key trends in the development of GVCs and perspective areas for future research. Conducting large-scale research and the development of expert estimates in the field of GVCs became possible due to the availability of significant financial, intellectual and statistical resources of international organizations, including databases (TiVA, EORA, AMNE). The availability of such resources allows not only to conduct generalizing and comparative studies on a large array of macro and micro data, but also to carry out “pioneering” studies, which are a real increment of scientific knowledge in the field of GVC. Obtaining important generalizing or “pioneering” conclusions became possible due to the development of multilateral research cooperation of international organizations with individual researchers, universities, other international institutes and “think tanks”.
27
Sun, Ya-Yen. "Global Value Chains and National Tourism Carbon Competitiveness." Journal of Travel Research 58, no. 5 (July 13, 2018): 808–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287518781072.
Full textAbstract:
With the emergence of global value chains (GVCs), imported products and services play a critical role in the quality and quantity of tourism services. What to import and how much to import thus concern the trade-offs of maintaining economic prosperity, reducing domestic and global carbon emissions and improving tourism carbon efficiency at destinations. This study clarifies the relationship between tourism and GVCs and presents an environmentally extended input–output model to assess the distribution of tourism’s economic and environmental effects in global segments. We argue that GVCs increase a nation’s tourism carbon competitiveness and relieve global carbon pressure when imports (1) are high in carbon contents but low in economic linkage, (2) facilitate the transition of domestic businesses toward better energy efficiency, and (3) are produced with a lower carbon intensity than the domestic production technology. An empirical case of the bilateral travel between Taiwan and Japan is applied.
28
Alvstam, Claes, Inge Ivarsson, and Bent Petersen. "Are multinationals and governments from emerging economies configuring global value chains in new ways?" International Journal of Emerging Markets 15, no. 1 (March 7, 2019): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-02-2017-0055.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The hallmark of today’s global value chains (GVCs), still dominated by multinationals from advanced economies, is a sophisticated international division of labor based on scale economies and prevailing factor endowment differences between countries. However, GVCs led by multinationals from large emerging economies may be configured on the basis of considerations that supplement factor cost efficiencies, namely, those of societal objectives as formulated by political actors in the home country. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of political and socio-economic factors on GVC configuration of multinational firms. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides an in-depth case study of a leading Chinese car manufacturer, Zhejiang Geely Holding Group (ZGH) and its value-chain configuration, with a special focus on the acquisition of Volvo Car Corporation. Findings The authors show how ZGH’s configuration of its GVC, including that of acquired Volvo Car Corporation, takes place in symbiosis with political actors. The advantages and disadvantages of this symbiosis are highlighted. Research limitations/implications The study focuses on GVC configuration of one company, ZGH, in one industry, the automotive industry, in one emerging economy. The external validity of the study may therefore be limited. Furthermore, the focus is on the geographical/locational configuration of GVCs and ignores the ownership aspects. Originality/value The paper provides novel empirical evidence to better understand GVC configuration of multinational firms from emerging economies.
29
Avrichir, Ilan, Bruno Henrique De Araujo, and Wolney Ramiro. "The dynamics of local learning in global value chains: uma análise crítica." Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/ijsm.v15i2.2346.
Full textAbstract:
The book “The dynamics of the local learning in global value chains: Experiences from East Asia, by Momoko Kawakami and Timothy Sturgeon describes the process of capability accumulation by several firms and sectors of East Asia. It extends and modifies the existing perspectives of global value chain (GVC) and presents its own frame of reference to explain how the process of accumulation in late industrializing countries occur. It challenges the idea established in the literature on GVC that the possibility of accumulation of capabilities and functional upgrading is determined by the governance of the value chain. It argues that the process of accumulation can occur even in highly coordinated GVCs, if the supplier pursues entrepreneurially a learning strategy that is accompanied by the outsourcing strategy of the leading companies of the GVC. This review introduces the reader to the basic concepts of GVC and summarizes the chapters of the book, emphasizing the theoretical and practical contribution of each one of them. It closes highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the book and the issues it suggests to researchers interested in the subject. Readers of the review will understand the process that the sectors analyzed in chapters went through and the implications of these experiences for firms in countries like Brazil, which aims to insert themselves more competitively in GVCs.
30
Kondrat’ev, V. "World Economy as Global Value Chain’s Network." World Economy and International Relations, no. 3 (2015): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-3-5-17.
Full textAbstract:
World trade and production are increasingly structured around “global value chains” (GVCs). A value chain identifies the full range of activities that firms undertake to bring a product or a service from its conception to its end use by final consumers. Technological progress, cost, access to resources and markets and trade policy reforms have facilitated the geographical fragmentation of production processes across the globe according to the comparative advantage of the locations. This international fragmentation of production is a powerful source of increased efficiency and firm competitiveness. Today, more than half of world manufactured imports are intermediate goods (primary goods, parts and components, semi-finished products), and more than 70% of world services imports are intermediate services. The emergence of GVCs during the last two decades has implications in many areas, including trade, investment and industrial development. Some of these implications have been explored in recent OECD work but the empirical evidence on GVCs remains limited. The last few years have witnessed a growing number of case studies on the globally integrated value chains at the product level, but such analyses only depict the situation for a specific product. The main objective of the article is to provide more and better evidence allowing to examine the position of countries within international production networks. The author deals with quantitative indicators that give a more accurate picture of the integration and position of countries in GVCs. A detailed assessment of global value chains is provided in six industries: agriculture and food products, chemicals, electrical and computing machinery, motor vehicles, business services, financial services.
31
ZHU, ZHEN, GREG MORRISON, MICHELANGELO PULIGA, ALESSANDRO CHESSA, and MASSIMO RICCABONI. "The similarity of global value chains: A network-based measure." Network Science 6, no. 4 (June 8, 2018): 607–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nws.2018.8.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractInternational trade has been increasingly organized in the form of global value chains (GVCs). In this paper, we provide a new method for comparing GVCs across countries and over time. First, we use the World Input–Output Database (WIOD) to construct both the upstream and the downstream global value networks. Second, we introduce a network-based measure of node similarity to compare the GVCs between any pair of countries for each sector and each year available in the WIOD. Our network-based similarity is a better measure for node comparison than the existing ones because it takes into account all the direct and indirect relationships between the country–sector pairs, is applicable to both directed and weighted networks with self-loops, and takes into account externally defined node attributes. As a result, our measure of similarity reveals the most intensive interactions among the GVCs across countries and over time. From 1995 to 2011, the average similarity between sectors and countries have clear increasing trends, which are temporarily interrupted by the recent economic crisis. This measure of the similarity of GVCs provides quantitative answers to important questions about dependency, sustainability, risk, and competition in the global production system.
32
Sako, Mari, and Ezequiel Zylberberg. "Supplier strategy in global value chains: shaping governance and profiting from upgrading." Socio-Economic Review 17, no. 3 (November 10, 2017): 687–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwx049.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The growth of emerging market firms with a global presence highlights the need to better understand how supplier strategy influences global value chains (GVCs). We respond to this need by applying corporate strategy and technology strategy to improve the predictive and prescriptive power of GVC theory. Under what circumstances can suppliers in GVCs shape governance and profit from upgrading? Using corporate strategy, we argue that supplier strategy concerning make-or-buy decisions and buyer diversification can effect a change in governance mode. Using technology strategy, we identify appropriability regimes and complementary assets as essential preconditions for suppliers to capture value from upgrading. Our central contribution is in developing an integrative theoretical framework for analyzing how suppliers alter governance over time, and how they capture the value they create by upgrading, resulting in shifts in value chain polarity. This framework has significant implications for economic development.
33
Nefedov, K. S. "Structure of International Service Trade in Global Value Chains: Forward and Backward Linkages of Russia’s Participation." Economics and Management 26, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-1-100-111.
Full textAbstract:
Intensive globalization of production processes along with active internationalization of companies have created new opportunities for developing countries to participate in global value chains (GVC). Participation in GVCs makes it possible to analyze the contribution of individual industries to world trade at the level of countries and sectors.Aim. This paper aims to assess the growth of Russia’s participation in international service trade over the past years in a number of non-material sectors of the economy from the perspective of upgrading in GVCs and the associated positive dynamics in value adding processes.Objectives. The author examines the dynamics of Russia’s participation in service industries; analyzes the relationship between innovation activity and different types of participation in GVCs; identifies the current trends in the dynamics of Russia’s participation in the GVCs of non-material industries.Methods. This study uses the generalized least squares method to perform a regression analysis of panel data form 10 service industries for 2005–2015 and analyze the relationship between different types of Russia’s participation in the GVCs of service industries and innovation activity.Results. The relationship between innovation activity and different types of participation in GVCs is statistically proven. There was identified a general upward trend in Russia’s participation in international service trade. At the same time, the results of the analysis emphasize the importance of additional stimulation of innovation activity in order to increase Russia’s forward participation in international service trade and enable further upgrading in GVCs.
34
De Marchi and Di Maria. "Environmental Upgrading and Suppliers’ Agency in the Leather Global Value Chain." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 20, 2019): 6530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236530.
Full textAbstract:
The paper explores the role of suppliers in the process of environmental upgrading (EnvU) within global value chains (GVCs). Theoretical contributions to EnvU have highlighted, in particular, the role of global buyers in supporting the EnvU of products and processes, while limited attention has been given to suppliers as proactive actors within GVCs. This paper approaches EnvU through the lens of innovation and focuses on the agency of suppliers. Through the analysis of innovations developed within the leather GVC, with a special focus on the Arzignano cluster (Italy), the analysis shows how suppliers can autonomously develop sustainability strategies to maintain their competitiveness and achieve higher value in the GVC. However, results stress the limits of green strategies as buyers and suppliers do not share the same vision of how to foster sustainability.
35
Ahmed, Faisal, and Pravin Kumar. "Toward a national participation index for developing countries in the global value chains." Journal of Modelling in Management 13, no. 2 (May 14, 2018): 475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jm2-07-2016-0066.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify factors which influence participation of developing countries in the global value chains (GVC) and to present a mathematical modeling technique to calculate a “National Participation Index of a developing country in the GVC” (hereinafter referred to as G-NPI). Design/methodology/approach The paper identifies 17 factors, encompassing both country-specific and firm-specific considerations that influence a developing countries’ participation in the GVCs. These factors have been grouped into four sets of enablers, namely, macroeconomic, geo-economic, strategic and geopolitical. The national participation index (G-NPI) has been calculated using the graph theoretic modeling approach. Findings Besides identifying the factors of a developing country’s participation in the GVC and grouping them as enablers, the paper considers the case of India as an example and assesses the level of interactions within (i.e. among various factors of a given enabler) and among these enablers (leading to a G-NPI value) using graph theory. Practical implications The findings can be used to calculate G-NPI for different countries to ascertain their potential for participation and also to find the factors(s) which may be deterring their participation in the GVCs. Social implications This paper can help in policy advocacy to enhance the competitiveness of developing countries and consequently to improve the life of their consumers. Originality/value This paper introduces the concept of G-NPI and presents a unique way of assessing a developing country’s participation in the GVCs through a mathematical modeling approach.
36
Ambroziak, Łukasz. "The CEECs in global value chains: The role of Germany." Acta Oeconomica 68, no. 1 (March 2018): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2018.68.1.1.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to present the role of Germany in the global value chains (GVCs) of 10 Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) in 1995–2011. GVCs, being a result of the fragmentation of production processes, have changed the nature of economic globalisation. The study covers five Central European countries (CECs) (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia), the three Baltic States (Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia) as well as Bulgaria and Romania. Germany is chosen because it is the main trading partner of the majority of the CEECs. The illustration of the position of Germany in GVCs of the CEECs is based on trade statistics in value added terms. The research results show that Germany has become an engine of increasing integration of the CECs in the GVCs. The role of Germany as a supplier of inputs to the CECs’ exports (backward linkages) is larger than its role as an exporter of value added originating from the CECs (forward linkages).
37
Abe, Masato, and Marc Proksch. "Supporting participation of Asia-Pacific SMEs in global value chains." Journal of Korea Trade 21, no. 2 (June 5, 2017): 86–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-12-2016-0047.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Global value chains (GVCs) have become increasingly influential in determining the patterns of international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) and in providing growth opportunities in Asia and the Pacific while small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have been an engine of economic development. The purpose of this paper is to provide effective development strategies and relevant policy approaches to facilitate dynamic insertion of SMEs into GVCs. Design/methodology/approach This paper was developed based on various Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific works in the fields of the development of SMEs and GVCs in Asia and the Pacific. Sectoral case studies on agribusiness, garment/apparel, automotive and electronics illustrate SMEs’ effective integration into GVCs. Findings SMEs face multiple obstacles and challenges which may limit the benefits derived from the development of GVCs in Asia and the Pacific. Policymakers are suggested to design and implement appropriate strategies and polices in order to facilitate the development of SMEs under the ongoing globalization. Research limitations/implications This paper is mainly based on existing policy papers which were developed by the United Nations Secretariat, its specialized agencies and others. Further empirical and policy studies are expected to be conducted in order to deepen the understanding of the present topics and to come up with practical policy options. Practical implications Policymakers are suggested to consider strategies and policy options recommended by this paper for their works on SME development and trade and investment promotion. Originality/value This is the first policy paper which proposes a comprehensive framework for SMEs’ effective participation in GVCs, specifically suggesting seven approaches, namely, SME development; trade policy; behind-the-border and cross-border trade facilitation; regional integration frameworks; FDI promotion; SME clusters; and national innovation system.
38
Tjon Soei Len, Lyn K. L. "Hermeneutical Injustice, Contract Law, and Global Value Chains." European Review of Contract Law 16, no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ercl-2020-0008.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractGlobal value chains (GVCs) resist dominant contract framing, because presumptions about contract’s bilateral structure and party autonomy fail to capture the complex interconnections between private exchange relations. Contract law seems to obscure, rather than capture, the ways in which the relationships and experiences of various actors in GVCs are linked. This article argues that, in doing so, contract law contributes to systemic hermeneutical injustice. Systemic hermeneutical injustice captures how shared interpretative resources can render those in disadvantaged positions of social power unable to make intelligible that what is in their interest to render intelligible. The article’s primary aim is to show how this form of injustice bears on contract law and how it can function as an independent normative constraint on the institution of contract law.
39
Nikulin, Dagmara, and Sabina Szymczak. "Effect of the integration into Global Value Chains on the employment contract in Central and Eastern European countries." Equilibrium 15, no. 2 (June 24, 2020): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.2020.013.
Full textAbstract:
Research background: In the era of globalization, there is a need to address decent work deficits in Global Value Chains (GVCs). The forms of working conditions reveal a broad dispersion of contents. The literature review exposes hardly any Europe-focused research assessing the socio-economic impact of global production links and going beyond their pure economic effects assessed in terms of employment, productivity or wages.
Purpose of the article: This paper investigates how involvement in GVCs affects labor standards. In particular, we assess how the integration into GVCs impacts the probability of having indefinite type of employment contract, which stands for one of the decent work indicator. Moreover, we draw individual and firm-level characteristics determining the type of employment contract.
Methods: We use linked employer-employee data from the Structure of Earnings Survey merged with industry-level statistics on GVCs based on World Input-Output Database — the sample is composed of over 5 million workers from 10 Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) observed in 2014. The involvement into GVCs is measured using a novel approach based on the concepts of global import intensity (GII). We employ logistic regression with robust standard errors.
Findings & Value added: Controlling for individual and firm-level characteristics (sex, age, education level, length of service in enterprise, size of the enterprise) we find that greater integration into GVCs increases the probability of having temporary type of employment contact, mainly in tradable sectors. However, across CEE countries the relation between GVC and employment type is mixed. In this way we expand the existing literature by reporting the effects of GVCs on labor standards in CEEC.
40
Peng, Fei, Lili Kang, Taoxiong Liu, Jia Cheng, and Luxiao Ren. "Trade Agreements and Global Value Chains: New Evidence from China’s Belt and Road Initiative." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041353.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the relationship between China’s trade agreements (TAs) and partner countries’ upgrade in global value chains (GVCs). We focus on the experience of China and relate China’s TAs with one belt and one road (OBOR) initiative. A structural equation model (SEM) is applied on a dataset including 216 countries and regions to identify the direct and indirect effects of China’s TAs and OBOR initiative on its export, outwards foreign direct investment (OFDI) and partner economy’ GVCs upgrade over the period 2010–2015. We find that China’s TA partner countries are more likely to be included in the OBOR initiative than those non-TA partner countries. The positive effects of China’s TAs and OBOR initiative on China’s export, outwards foreign direct investment (OFDI) and partner countries’ upgrade in GVCs differ across country groups at the different locations of GVCs. Both vertical and horizontal spillover effects exist in China’s TAs. Therefore, the partner countries at low end and middle of GVCs might benefit more from TAs with China than those richer countries at the high end of GVCs.
41
Yanikkaya, Halit, and Abdullah Altun. "The Impact of Global Value Chain Participation on Sectoral Growth and Productivity." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 13, 2020): 4848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124848.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the impact of participation in global value chains (GVCs) on sectoral value-added and total factor productivity growth (TFP) for two different time periods of 1995–2011 and 2005–2015. In addition to the commonly used participation indices, we also calculate lesser known measures of backward and forward participation indices, as suggested by the OECD. Our Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimations for the full sample indicate that sectors with higher GVC participation experience much higher output and TFP growth, especially for the period 1995–2011. Overall, our results imply that there have been decreasing gains from GVC participation in the later period. Note that our estimates for both output and TFP growth are very much similar. This means that participation in GVCs promotes not only output growth but also productivity growth across sectors. Considering the parameter heterogeneity, we repeat our estimations for manufacturing and services separately. Although for the earlier period both the manufacturing and services sectors benefit from more participation in terms of higher output and productivity growth, only the manufacturing sector experiences higher productivity growth from more participation for the period 2005–2015. Relatively less significant and smaller estimates for the later period covering the latest global crisis imply that participation in GVCs fails to bring satisfactory gains to countries and sectors.
42
Kafeero, Edward. "Profiting from the Authorized Economic Operator Paradigm in the Era of Global Value Chains: A Conceptual and Legal Analysis." International Conference on Advances in Business, Management and Law (ICABML) 2017 1, no. 1 (December 24, 2017): 467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30585/icabml-cp.v1i1.38.
Full textAbstract:
This paper analyses the conceptual and legal development of the Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) paradigm over the past three decades. Compliance management, supply chain security and trade facilitation are found to be the underlying objectives behind AEO programs. The paper examines the dynamics of global value chains (GVCs) and concludes that AEO programs are beneficial to GVCs. The Revised Kyoto Convention, The SAFE Framework of Standards and the Trade Facilitation Agreement are identified as the basic international legal (and regulatory) framework that guides AEO programs.
Key words: Authorized Economic Operator; Global Value Chains; Supply Chain Security; Trade Facilitation; Customs Compliance Management.
43
Cieślik, Ewa, Jadwiga Biegańska, and Stefania Środa-Murawska. "The intensification of foreign trade in post-socialist countries and their role in global value chains." Acta Oeconomica 66, no. 3 (September 2016): 465–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2016.66.3.5.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents the transformation of foreign trade in 10 post-socialist countries, current members of the EU. Special focus is given to the more significant role these countries began to play in global value chains (GVCs) as a result of liberalisation processes and integration within the EU. In addition, the article evaluates their place in global vertical specialisation. To locate each country on a global value chain and to compare them with selected countries, more complex methods of measuring the level of participation of European post-socialist countries in GVCs were employed. These methods allow the position of a country downstream or upstream in GVCs to be established. We concluded that (a) post-socialist countries differ in the levels of their participation in GVCs. Countries that have stronger links with Western European countries, especially with Germany, are more integrated; (b) a large share of post-socialist countries’ exports pass through Western European GVCs; (c) most exporters in Central and Eastern Europe are positioned in downstream segments of production rather than upstream markets.
44
Cieślik, Andrzej, Jan Jakub Michałek, and Krzysztof Szczygielski. "What matters for firms’ participation in Global Value Chains in Central and East European countries?" Equilibrium 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 481–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.2019.023.
Full textAbstract:
Research background: There has been an extensive body of literature on the growing importance of global value chains (GVCs) in developed and emerging economies. This literature argues that GVCs significantly affect international trade patterns and open new possibilities for participating economies to increase both their exports’ quantity and quality, acquire advanced production technologies and improve the overall economic performance. However, the empirical evidence from the Central and East European (CEE) countries, especially at the firm level is still relatively scarce. The majority of existing empirical studies on GVCs in the CEE countries are based on sectoral input-output data.
Purpose of the article: In this article, we study the determinants of firm participation in GVCs using firm-level BEEPS data for 29 CEE countries. We hypothesize that larger, foreign-owned, more productive and innovative firms producing a limited range of products and employing skilled workers are more likely to be involved in GVCs.
Methods: The intensity of participation in GVCs is measured by the usage of imported inputs and the intensity of exports. The empirical study uses the BEEPS firm-level data set for the period 2011–2014 and the probit estimation method.
Findings & Value added: The assembled empirical evidence generally supports these hypotheses. In addition, we find that firms which participate in GVCs pro-duce a smaller range of products, which means that they concentrate on their core competencies. In particular, we find that the EU membership may facilitate participation in GVCs, especially for smaller firms in the CEE countries. This article adds to the existing literature by examining the firm-level determinants of participation in GVCs using the cross-country firm-level survey conducted by the EBRD and the World Bank.
45
Asghar, Ali, and Rukhsana Kalim. "The Role of Institutions in the Economic Sustainability of Global Value Chains: A Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis of Pakistani Apparel Industry." Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies 3, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.316.
Full textAbstract:
The geographical spread of the global value chains (GVC) not only makes them complex structures but also raises the challenges of governance for them. Gereffi and Lee (2014) argued that such governance issues may arise from either the vertical (within the structure of the GVC) or the horizontal (from outside) governance of a GVC; and at times, bring the sustainability of GVCs at stake. This study explores the phenomenon in the domain of the horizontal governance, outlining the role of the local institutions and the effects they cast upon the sustainability of the GVCs. This study incorporates the findings derived from transcendental phenomenological analysis (TPA) of the in-depth interviews of twenty-three export managers, working in the apparel firms producing for the GVCs on a long-term basis. The study delivers an explanation of the phenomenon and highlights the role played by the government institutions in it. The essence of this study elaborates the mechanisms of cooperation and coordination between the government institutions and the industry, and the difference in the expected and actual performance of the institutions. It highlights that the government institutions in Pakistan, having rigid culture, are currently not fulfilling the requirements of the apparel production units linked with GVCs; and the behavior of government employees adds to it. The implications emerging from this study, directions for future research and limitations have also been discussed. Besides, the application of NVIVO software to perform the qualitative data analysis (QDA) while performing the TPA adds to the methodological innovation of this study.
46
Cafaggi, Fabrizio, and Paola Iamiceli. "Regulating Contracting in Global Value Chains. Institutional Alternatives and their Implications for Transnational Contract Law." European Review of Contract Law 16, no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 44–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ercl-2020-0004.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractGlobal Value Chains (GVCs) are both instruments to organize production and vehicles to implement transnational standards, to improve sustainability and to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. GVCs present a very high degree of interdependence among the enterprises. GVCs are not uniform universes. Part of the production process is organized through subsidiaries of the chain leader, partly with independent suppliers linked to the chain leader by long-term and stable contractual relationships, and partly with spot contracts. Hence, different modes of contracting are needed to ensure coordination and uniformity of principles along the chain. The differences within the chain suggest that a modular approach with adaptation to the various types of relationships is more effective than a uniform approach indifferently applied both to intrafirm (subsidiaries) and inter-firm (relationships with independent suppliers) contracting.While acknowledging the relevance of the institutional and legal framework, including the applicable law, this article focuses on the contractual structure of chain governance. We propose a modular architecture that integrates general principles of global trade in supply chains with local regulations. This approach will better combine the supplier codes, the framework agreements between parties, and the individual contracts that regulate specific exchanges.
47
Verbitskaya, Natalia. "Development of regional transport and logistics systems in the transformation of Russia's role in global value chains." E3S Web of Conferences 177 (2020): 05010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017705010.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the transformational capabilities of regional transport and logistics systems in the context of global value chains development, the so-called GVCs (Global value chains) [1], also related to the mining industry in Russia. The GVCs in the world economy are associated with increasing the efficiency of using national economies resources, creating and maintaining new jobs, increasing welfare and political stability, considered in the context of sustainable global development.
48
Arora, Amit, Anshu Arora, Julius Anyu, and John R. McIntyre. "Global Value Chains’ Disaggregation through Supply Chain Collaboration, Market Turbulence, and Performance Outcomes." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 8, 2021): 4151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084151.
Full textAbstract:
This research examines supply chain collaboration effects on organizational performance in global value chain (GVC) infrastructure by focusing on GVC disaggregation, market turbulence, inequality, market globalization, product diversity, exploitation, and technological breakthroughs. The research strives to develop a better understanding of global value chains through relational view, behavioral, and contingency theories along with institutional and stakeholder theories of supply chains. Based on conflicting insights from these theories, this research investigates how relationships and operational outcomes of collaboration fare when market turbulence is present. Data is obtained and analyzed from focal firms that are engaged in doing business in emerging markets (e.g., India), and headquartered in the United States. We investigate relational outcomes (e.g., trust, credibility, mutual respect, and relationship commitment) among supply chain partners, and found that these relational outcomes result in better operational outcomes (e.g., profitability, market share increase, revenue generation, etc.). From managerial standpoint, supply chain managers should focus on relational outcomes that can strengthen operational outcomes in GVCs resulting in stronger organizational performance. The research offers valuable insights for theory and practice of global value chains by focusing on the GVC disaggregation through the measurement of market turbulence, playing a key role in the success of collaborative buyer–supplier relationships (with a focus on US companies doing business in India) leading to an overall improved firm performance.
49
Pla-Barber, José, Cristina Villar, and Rajneesh Narula. "Governance of global value chains after the Covid-19 pandemic: A new wave of regionalization?" BRQ Business Research Quarterly 24, no. 3 (May 31, 2021): 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23409444211020761.
Full textAbstract:
The disruption of the trade and investment activities of multinational enterprises as a consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic has reinvigorated the debate on the configuration of global value chains (GVCs) as well as the risks and challenges associated with offshoring. This article depicts how the pandemic might affect GVC configuration by driving a trend toward a more regional footprint in industries in which resilience and reliability are critical. Such a shift would create new opportunities for reshoring, and affect both the types of upgrading trajectories and the governance systems in value chains. The article also draws from the intersection of the global-strategy and value-chain fields to propose potential topics and avenues for further research related to these trends. JEL Classification: M16, M21, M14
50
Frolova, Elena, Irina Turgel, Alexander Ishukov, and Zulparuza Abdurahmanova. "Peculiarities of the EEU countries interaction in pharmaceutical value chains in pandemic period." SHS Web of Conferences 114 (2021): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111401025.
Full textAbstract:
Taking into account that new trends are emerging in the field of international economic integration in pandemic world the authors aimed to study the role of the country's participation in global value chains (GVCs) in the development of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU or EAEU) national pharmaceutical industry. The article reveals the contradictory essence of modern concepts of interaction between the countries of integration associations and GVCs including its specificity for the EEU. An analysis of the pharmaceutical industry in EEU before and in the pandemic is carried out, and the features of such interaction are revealed in more detail in Kazakhstan case. The results showed the presence of low volumes of pharmaceutical products in EEU intraregional trade and minimum presence in GVCs. The hypothesis was partially confirmed that the countries localized the GVC “production” stage on their territory received gain as the increase in domestic production in pandemic period, despite the fact that this stage corresponds to low added value. The novelty is in the development of a reproductive approach to the study of integration groups. Recommendations are given to increase the share of economic entities of the EEU countries in the process of forming regional value chains.