Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Glomérule du rein – Effets des médicaments'
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Tack, Ivan. "Contribution à l'étude des effets glomérulaires de la cyclosporine A : filtration glomérulaire, endothélines et voie du monoxyde d'azote." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30239.
Full textPotier, Mylène. "Etude des mécanismes d'action de la cyclosporine A sur la contraction de deux modèles glomérulaires in vitro." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2B002.
Full textLagroye, Isabelle. "Intérêt des modèles glomérulaires in vitro en pharmacologie et toxicologie rénales." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2P120.
Full textBizet, Anne. "Les mécanismes en cause dans la néphrotoxicité des médicaments." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P239.
Full textRio, Véronique. "Médicaments et sujets agés." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P194.
Full textRivier, François. "Le Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) : effets physiopathologiques : implication dans la néphrotoxicité médicamenteuse." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P100.
Full textDaher, Abdi Zeinab. "Modélisation pharmacocinétique et pharmacodynamique de population : analyse des facteurs prédictifs de réponse aux médicaments immunosuppresseurs administrés en transplantation rénale." Limoges, 2013. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/a5c138f4-70af-4e63-b39d-bb4f2e55c65d/blobholder:0/2013LIMO310H.pdf.
Full textThis work focuses on modeling studies conducted in renal transplantation and oncology. The effect of longitudinal exposure of mycophenolic acid (MPA) on acute rejection-free renal graft survival, through the first year post-transplant has been demonstrated using a joint model based on the method of linear mixed-effects models. This first model was used to propose target exposures varying with the post-tranplant time, and which could be used for therapeutic monitoring of mycophenolate mofetil, a prodrug of MPA. A more complex joint model was developed using the method of non-linear mixed effects models. It took into account the longitudinal exposure to co-administered immunosupressive drugs and confirmed the effect of MPA exposure on transplant patient outcome. The role of cytomegalovirus infection and disease on transplant patient outcome has also been demonstrated with this model. A graft survival analysis based on a regression and classification tree revealed the existence of seven profiles of patients for whom graft survival at 10 years ranged from 20 to 95 %. The main factors associated with reduced graft survival were the value of serum creatinine and proteinuria 12 months after transplantation, the pattern of change in serum creatinine in the first year post-transplant, the development of anti-HLA antibodies specific to donor, acute rejection and the presence of anti-HLA antibodies before transplantation in retransplanted patients. A population pharmacokinetic analysis of capecitabine has been developed to quantify the influence of old age (≥75 years) on exposure to capecitabine and its metabolites
Delbancut, Antoine. "Contribution à l'étude des effets de hautes dilutions de métaux vis-à-vis de la cytotoxicité du cadmium sur cultures de cellules tubulaires rénales." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2B004.
Full textClotteau, Marie-Claire. "Réactivité vasculaire sur le rein isolé perfusé de rat : effet du diabète." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P191.
Full textSadon, Caroline. "Apport des méthodes biochimiques pour l'évaluation de la néphrotoxicité "in vitro"." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P017.
Full textBarouillet, Marie-Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes cytotoxiques du cadmium au niveau des structures glomérulaires et tubulaires rénales in vitro." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2B007.
Full textOlivier, Marie-Françoise. "Recherches sur des tests "in vivo" et "in vitro" prédictifs de néphrotoxicité : application à l'étude de céphalosporines de première et troisième générations." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P619.
Full textIzzedine, Hassane. "Tolérance rénale du ténofovir : étude de l'influence du polymorphisme génétique des transporteurs tubulaires MRP2 et MRP4." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05P638.
Full textTenofovir DF, a nucleotide (nucleoside monophosphate) analogue, (Viread1; Gilead Sciences, Inc. ) has potent activity against retroviruses. It is approved for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults as combination therapy with other antiretrovirals. The ability to administer tenofovir DF as a single tablet once daily is an attractive option for patients. Tenofovir was excreted unchanged in the urine of all animal species, and renal excretion was the primary route of elimination. Tenofovir clearance exceeds the glomerular filtration rate, suggesting urinary excretion through a combination of active tubular secretion and filtration. Tubular secretion mechanisms depend on MRP2 and MRP4 renal tubular transporters. From three human double-blind placebo-controlled studies, we analyzed the renal safety of TDF, and we showed that TDF had a renal safety profile similar to the control arm in both treatment-experienced and naive patients. However, several cases of tenofovir associated proximal renal tubular dysfunction have been reported. In our retrospective analysis on 19 patients, renal toxicity manifested as proximal tubular dysfunction associated with renal failure and mild proteinuria. Hypophosphatemia, normoglycemic glycosuria, and hypokalemia were the most frequent tubular abnormalities. In some cases, proximal tubular dysfunction was associated with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Proximal renal tubular dysfunction was diagnosed an average of 6 months after initiation of TDF therapy. All abnormalities normalized within an average of 1 month after drug discontinuation in all patients. We have hypothesized that TDF renal toxicity is induced by cell-to-urine efflux related to MRP gene mutations. To account for a monogenic origin of TDF-induced proximal tubulopathy, a mutation screening of all the exons coding for the Multidrug Resistant Protein 2 (ABCC2) and 4 (ABCC4) was performed from genomic DNA of 13 HIV1-infected patients presenting with TDF-induced rPTD. Concomitantly, seventeen unrelated HIV1-infected patients treated with tenofovir (300 to 600 mg daily) without tubular dysfunction served as controls in a case-control approach to assess the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in ABCC2 and ABCC4 genes. The effect of 3 ABCB1 SNPs (C1236T, G2677(T,A) and C3435T) was also investigated. No mutations were identifed in ABCC2 or ABCC4 genes, excluding a monogenic disorder due to exonic mutation in our sample population. Five common SNPs (-24CT, G1249A, T3563A, C3972T and G4544A) were identified in ABCC2 and six major haplotypes were inferred (minor frequency> 1%, PHASE v2. 1 software). With SNP G1249A, a significant allelic association with renal TDF toxicity was observed (42,3% in cases versus 17,6% in controls for the mutant A allele, OR [95%CI] 6. 11 [1. 19-31. 15], p<0,02). Case-controls association studies based on haplotypes frequency comparison showed that ABCC2 haplotypes were significantly associated with onset of TDF-induced rPTD : CATCG appears to be a predisposing haplotype as it was found in 40,9% of cases and 13. 7% of controls (p<0. 01), whereas CGACA appears to be a protective haplotype as it was never observed in cases and represented 20. 2% of control patients (p<0,01). In logistic multivariate analysis, the CATCG haplotype was found to be the only significant predictor of TDF-induced rPTD (p<0. 02). No association was observed between ABCC4 and ABCB1 polymorphism and TDF induced rPTD in our study. Our results showed that ABCC2 haplotypes are associated with renal tubular toxicity of TDF in HIV1 patients. This finding suggests that MRP2 transporter polymorphism may contribute to interindividual differences in renal tolerance of TDF
Froment, Valérie. "Implication du thromboxane A2 dans la néphrotoxicité de la ciclosporine A : études "in vitro" et "ex vivo" sur un modèle de microsomes rénaux." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P025.
Full textLe, Guen Eric. "Etude de la vasoréactivité de glomérules humains isolés en suspension vis-à-vis de la cyclosporine et d'un analogue de la prostacycline." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR23014.
Full textSmadja, Céline. "Ciclosporine et diabète." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P082.
Full textNguyen, Huu Bich Thuy. "Néphrotoxicité des dérivés halogènes éthyléniques." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P220.
Full textChartier-Kastler, Bénédicte. "La nephrotoxicité des AINS." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P170.
Full textRobert, Nathalie. "La néphrotoxicité de la gentamicine et les intéractions médicamenteuses." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P086.
Full textLaville, Solène. "Optimisation de la prise en charge thérapeutique des patients avec une maladie rénale chronique : étude de pharmacoépidémiologie dans la cohorte CKD-REIN Evaluation of the adequacy of drug prescriptions in patients with chronic kidney disease : results from the CKD-REIN cohort Adverse drug reactions in patients with chronic kidney disease." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASR004.
Full textChronic kidney disease (CKD) affects between 8% and 15% of the world's adult population and up to one third of the elderly. Compared to the population with normal kidney function, patients with CKD are at increased risk of hospitalization, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and mortality. Data in summaries of product characteristics are limited in patients with impaired renal function as this population is excluded from the vast majority of clinical trials. CKD greatly alters the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a large number of drugs that require contraindications and dosage adjustments with regard to kidney function.Based on data from the CKD-REIN cohort study, this thesis made it possible to provide new information about the use of drugs in the population of patients with moderate to advanced CKD under nephrology care.CKD-REIN is a representative prospective cohort study, based on 40 nationally public and private facilities. The CKD-REIN study included 3,033 patients with moderate to advanced CKD, 65% of whom were men, with a median age of 69 years [interquartile range (IQR), 60-76]. At baseline, 45% had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 30 mL/min/1.73m2.Polypharmacy concerned most of the patients in CKD-REIN at baseline. The median number of drugs prescribed per patient was 8 [IQR, 5-10]. In addition, we have shown that more than half of the patients included (52%) received at least one prescription that was contraindicated or with an overdosed dosage according to their renal function. The equation used to estimate the patient's eGFR at the time of prescription was of great importance in assessing the appropriateness of prescriptions. A low eGFR and the number of drugs were the main risk factors for exposure to inappropriate prescriptions.The study on ADRs showed that they were common in patients with CKD, whether serious or not (incidence rate: 14.4% person-years (PA) [confidence interval (CI) 95%, 12.6–16.5] for ADRs (all severity) and 2.7% PA [95%CI, 1.7–4.3] for serious ADRs). Drugs such as inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, antithrombotics or diuretics, frequently prescribed in this population, were the pharmacological classes with the most ADRs. Decreased eGFR, receiving more than 10 drugs, and poor treatment adherence were significant risk factors for undergoing ADRs.Finally, we focused on assessing the risks associated with the use of oral antithrombotics in this population with CKD. The risk of hemorrhage in patients receiving an oral anticoagulant was two and a half times greater than that in patients not receiving any oral antithrombotic (hazard ratio (HR) of 2.36 [95%CI, 1.44; 3.85]) and this risk was increased when taking concomitantly an oral anticoagulant and an antiplatelet agent (HR of 4.01 [95%CI, 2.23; 7.20]). An increased risk of acute kidney injury has also been associated with the take of an oral anticoagulant (HR of 1.89 [95%CI, 1.46; 2.44]). On the other hand, we did not find a significant association between taking oral antithrombotic medication and end-stage renal disease (HR of 1.37 [95%CI, 0.92; 2.04]).This thesis shows that the therapeutic management of patients with CKD is complex. It highlights many opportunities for optimizing the therapeutic management of patients with moderate to advanced CKD
Heng, Maly. "Etude pharmacologique, clinique et toxicologique d'un nouvel immunosuppresseur : le FK506." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P099.
Full textAudouin, Bruno. "Ketoprofène en fin de grossesse et insuffisance rénale néonatale." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M022.
Full textCeaurriz, Jacques de. "Rôle du glutathion dans la néphrotoxicité des xénobiotiques : application à l'héxachlorobutadiène, au chlorure de méthylmercure et au chlorure mercurique." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA114821.
Full textHulot, Jean-Sébastien. "Apport de la modélisation pharmacocinétique/pharmacodynamique et de la pharmacogénétique pour l'adaptation posologique des médicaments à la fonction rénale : application à l'énoxaparine et au méthotrexate." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05P628.
Full textOur aim was to evaluate the interest of two pharmacological approaches (Population Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacogenetics) to improve the use of drugs in patients presenting with impaired renal functions. In a first part, we determined the influence of renal function on the pharmacokinetics of an anticoagulant (enoxaparin) owing to a population PK modelling approach. This model allowed us to develop a dosing strategy for this drug in renally impaired patients. In an other part, we found that, independently of alteration in the glomerular filtration process, an ABCC2 mutation altering MRP2-mediated methotrexate transport in vitro results in vivo in impaired tubular renal excretion of methotrexate and subsequent renal toxicity. This is the first evidence that genetic factors may contribute to renal drug elimination
Vieux, Rachel. "Déterminants de la fonction rénale d'enfants nés grands prématurés dans leur environnement néonatal et dans l'enfance." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10095/document.
Full textBackground: Physiological development of renal may be altered in preterm infants by environmental factors. Their imprinting could persist beyond the neonatal period. Objectives: 1) to determine reference values of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) during the first month of life in preterm newborns, 2) to determine the impact of perinatal factors and of the drugs often prescribed on their renal function, 3) to determine the effect of the perinatal imprinting, and of the growth and height catch-up, on their renal function in early childhood. Sample: Multicentre cohort of children born very preterm at 27-31 weeks of gestation, with a measure of their renal function during the neonatal period, and at 4 years of age. Results: 1) 275 infants included. Median reference GFR value (mL/min/1.73m²) was: 7.9 on day7 to 37.9 on day 28. 2) GFR was significantly reduced on day 7 in ibuprofen-infused infants in comparison to Controls: 12.8±6.2 vs. 18.1±12.1 ml/min/1.73 m², p < 0.001. This decrease persisted throughout the first month of life, and tubular function was also altered. Among all antenatal drugs and drugs administered during the first week of life, alone ibuprofen was significantly associated with a GFR < median reference value on day 7. 3) Height >= -1 SD in early childhood was associated with a high albuminuria in 119 four year-old preterm-born children. Conclusion: i) These GFR reference values are to be used in clinical research, ii) Neonatal therapeutic environment impairs renal function and delays its maturation, iii) The height at age four is an independent risk factor of high albuminuria in preterm-born children
Boudzoumou-Nganga, Pierre. "Médicaments à effet rénal administrés chez la mère pendant la gestation : néphrotoxicité éventuelle chez le nouveau-né : modulations pharmacologiques du développement fonctionnel rénal foetal et néonatal chez le rat après exposition in-utero à la Gentamicine ou au Furosémide." Nancy 1, 1990. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1990_0550_BOUDZOUMOU_NGANGA.pdf.
Full textAminoglycosides (gentamicin) antibiotics well-known for their nephrotoxicity; and furosemide, a widely used diuretic, has been reported to induce a delay in the differentiation of renal glomeruli. We were interested to investigate if the developing kidney could be functionally altered in-utero after administration of either these drugs to the pregnant mother. Drugs were given during two keyperiods of pregnancy: days 7-11 (period of organogenesis) and days 14-18 (beginning of glomeruli differentiation) at the dose of 75mg/Kg/day by i. P. Route. The rat strain was WISTAR. Shortly after birth,variations were observed on diuresis, creatinine clearance, U/P creatinine ratio,fractional excretion of water fractional excretion of electrolytes. The gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity was reversible, the glomerular function being corrected earlier than the tubular urinary concentrating defect. Furosemide seemed to lead to a delay of development of loop of Henle, suggesting a functional adaptation of other segments of tubule, already mature and functionning. Furthermore, our results provide evidences of functional developmental disturbances (altered growth and urinary concentrating defect) in young rats, lately after prenatal exposure to furosemide or gentamicin. In conclusion, drug administration to mother during pregnancy can lead to a detrmental effect upon the kidney of the newborn and of the young animal