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1
Cormaci, Mario, Giovanni Furnari, and Giuseppina Alongi. "Flora marina bentonica del Mediterraneo: Rhodophyta - Rhodymeniophycidae I. Acrosymphytales, Bonnemaisoniales, Gelidiales, Gigartinales, Gracilariales." Bullettin of the Gioenia Academy of Natural Sciences of Catania 53, no. 383 (March 6, 2020): FP11—FP346. http://dx.doi.org/10.35352/gioenia.v53i383.87.
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Dopo una breve introduzione sulla consistenza numerica delle Rhodymeniophycidae (Rhodophyta) presenti in Mediterraneo (Mar Nero escluso), sugli "steps" programmati per la loro completa trattazione con la precisazione che questa prima parte riguarda i taxa dei 5 Ordini già elencati nel titolo e la presentazione di una tabella delle Rhodophyta nella quale i taxa superiori alle famiglie sono ordinati secondo un criterio filogenetico, si passa alla trattazione dei taxa seguendo l'ordine strettamente alfabetico. A seguito degli aggiornamenti tassonomico-nomenclaturali, i taxa a livello specifico ed infraspecifico ricadenti negli ordini sopra citati e presenti in Mediterraneo, sono risultati 132 (di cui 28 inquirenda). Questi a loro volta si raggruppano in 50 generi e 25 famiglie. Inoltre 46 taxa, di cui 1 a livello di famiglia e 45 a livello specifico ed infraspecifico sono stati considerati taxa excludenda; 31 taxa, a livello specifico e infraspecifico, sono stati considerati taxa inquirenda, di questi 3 sono anche excludenda e uno dei tre ha nome illegittimo. Inoltre viene evidenziata l'illegittimità dei nomi di 47 taxa (di cui 3 a livello di famiglia, 3 a livello di genere e 41 a livello specifico e infraspecifico), l'invalidità dei nomi di 29 taxa (di cui 1 a livello di genere e 28 a livello specifico ed infraspecifico) e l'invalidità di 9 combinazioni; infine, viene proposta 1 nuova combinazione. Di ciascun taxon trattato viene fornita una breve descrizione preceduta da alcuni riferimenti bibliografici riportanti notizie, illustrazioni e/o distribuzione in Mediterraneo; per la maggior parte dei taxa specifici sono state realizzate delle illustrazioni. Quasi tutti i taxa trattati sono arricchiti di note bilingue (Italiano e Inglese) a supporto delle sinonimie indicate, o delle scelte tassonomiche seguite o delle motivazioni per cui il taxon è stato considerato inquirendum e/o excludendum o delle conclusioni nomenclaturali. Il lavoro è completato da un glossario di 158 voci, da un indice di tutti i nomi dei taxa citati nel testo e da una errata corrige al lavoro di Cormaci et al. (2017).
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Cormaci, Mario, Giovanni Furnari, and Giuseppina Alongi. "Flora marina bentonica del Mediterraneo: Rhodophyta - Rhodymeniophycidae II. Halymeniales, Nemastomatales, Peysson-neliales, Plocamiales, Rhodymeniales, Sebdeniales." Bullettin of the Gioenia Academy of Natural Sciences of Catania 54, no. 384 (July 27, 2021): FP9—FP341. http://dx.doi.org/10.35352/gioenia.v54i384.94.
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Dopo una breve introduzione sui 6 Ordini che costituiscono l’oggetto di questo secondo contributo alle Rhodymeniophycidae del Mediterraneo (Mar Nero escluso), si passa alla trattazione dei taxa seguendo l’ordine strettamente alfabetico.La trattazione riguarda 131 taxa correntemente accettati, di cui 126 a livello specifico e infraspecifico e 5 a livello solamente di genere. Inoltre vengono censiti 132 taxa (a livello specifico e infraspecifico) non accettati, nonché altri 280 taxa (a livello specifico e infraspecifico) sinonimi dei taxa accettati e/o non accettati. Dei 124 taxa a livello specifico e infraspecifico accettati, 96 sono componenti tradizionali della flora macroalgale mediterranea, 12 sono alieni o involontariamente introdotti, 16 sono taxa excludenda. Tutti i taxa accettati sono ripartiti in 39 generi di cui: 31 con rappresentanti in Mediterraneo, 3 sono excludenda, e 5 privi di rappresentanti in Mediterraneo (solamente citati nel testo). I 132 taxa non accettati sono così ripartiti: 47 sono taxa inquirenda (di cui 3 con nome illegittimo); 32 sono taxa con nome illegittimo (3 dei quali sono anche taxa inquirenda); 41 sono taxa con il nome invalidamente pubblicato (32 dei quali sono nomina nuda); 15 taxa sono combinazioni invalide. Di ciascun taxon trattato viene fornita una breve descrizione preceduta da alcuni riferimenti bibliografici riportanti notizie, illustrazioni e/o distribuzione in Mediterraneo. La trattazione della maggior parte dei taxa specifici e infraspecifici è corredata da tavole iconografiche; inoltre, quasi tutti i taxa trattati sono arricchiti di note bilingue (Italiano e Inglese) a supporto delle sinonimie indicate, o delle scelte tassonomiche seguite o delle motivazioni per cui il taxon è stato considerato inquirendum e/o excludendum o delle conclusioni nomenclaturali. Inoltre, vengono proposte 3 nuove combinazioni, 2 delle quali di taxa non presenti in Mediterraneo. Il lavoro è completato da un glossario di 173 voci, da un indice di tutti i nomi dei taxa citati nel testo e da una errata corrige al precedente lavoro sulle Rhodymeniophycidae di Cormaci et al. (2020).
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Porter, David W. "The earliest texts with English and French." Anglo-Saxon England 28 (December 1999): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675100002271.
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Modern scholars can sometimes reconstruct the methods of medieval glossary-makers by tracking individual glosses along the path from the textual source to the final destination in the glossarial list. Here I wish to pursue a trail of clues through two early-eleventh-century manuscripts of the Excerptiones de Prisciano (‘Excerpts of Priscian’), a Latin grammatical treatise which has been identified as the source for Ælfric's bilingual Grammar. Viewed singly, the manuscripts of this work offer partial views of glossatorial activity; viewed together, these fragmentary glimpses snap into perspective, rendering a dynamic picture of glossary-making as a corporate enterprise undertaken by a group of Anglo-Saxon schoolmen working in several manuscripts simultaneously.
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Hamelin, Louis-Edmond, and Peter Clibbon. "Vocabulaire périglaciaire bilingue." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 6, no. 12 (April 12, 2005): 201–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/020381ar.
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A considerable lack of agreement exists, particularly between French and English-speaking geomorphologists, on the precise use of many periglacial terms, and up to the presenty there bas been little correlation of the periglacial terminology of these two languages. Accordingly, the authors have prepared a bilingual glossary of 900 periglacial terms in an attempt to eliminate some of this confusion. Many of the problems encountered in the preparation of this glossary result from different conceptions of the terms « periglacial » and « périglaciaire ». Periglacial studies are generally considered to involve analyses of permanently frozen ground, patterned ground and frost-shattering, whereas the term « périglaciaire »refers to the systematic study of all « cold »processes (except those associated with glacier ice) and their resultant phenomena. The term thus includes, amongst other things, gelifraction, gelifluction, geliturbation, fluvioperiglacial action, effect of sea, lake, river and ground ice, windwork in areas of cold climate, action of snow, and chemical erosion by meltwater.
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Seghiri, Miriam. "Metodología de elaboración de un glosario bilingüe y bidireccional (inglés-español/español-inglés) basado en corpus para la traducción de manuales de instrucciones de televisores." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 63, no. 1 (June 29, 2017): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.63.1.04seg.
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Abstract The sources of information that translators may use are extremely varied, ranging from oral consultation with an expert to a search using specialised dictionaries and glossaries. Nowadays, however, one the most relevant documentation activities in the field of Translation involves the use of Internet resources and, closely related to this, the compilation and management of virtual corpora. For this reason, in the present paper we present a systematic methodology for extracting bilingual and bidirectional glossaries (English-Spanish/Spanish-English) based on parallel corpora to translate TV User Manuals. In fact, according to art. 5 of the Council Resolution of 17 December 1998 on operating instructions for technical consumer goods (98/C 411/01) it is essential to control the quality when writing and translating these manuals. In order to illustrate this methodology we focus on corpus design (according to the skopo) and on the compilation protocol (in four steps: searching, downloading, text formatting and saving data) in order to ensure quality. As for the quantity, we check the quantitative representativeness with the ReCor software (cfr. Seghiri 2006: 387). Once the corpus is representative from the qualitative and the quantitative points of view, it can be managed with a concordance program. So, we illustrate how to extract the terms semiautomatically in order to build a bilingual and bidirectional glossary with a parallel concordance named ParaConc. Thus, in the present paper we combine the main resource for researchers (cfr. Bowker 1998; Varantola 2000; Seghiri 2011) within the Translation field: corpora, in order to ensure quality; and the main documentation resource for prospective translators (cfr. Corpas et al. 2001): bilingual glossaries.
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Doykova, Ilina. "SELECTION OF TERMINOLOGICAL UNITS FOR TEACHING LOGOPEDICS BILINGUAL GLOSSARIES (ENGLISH-BULGARIAN)." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 3 (December 10, 2018): 1139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28031139i.
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The speech of the language pathologist may serve as a linguistic model in terms of application of language norms, unambiguous use of lexis and register for the achievement of effective professional communication. The aim of the present survey was to integrate the lexical and the corpus-based approach and to compile a collection of terminological units for the purposes of teaching English as a specialized language in the domain of Logopedics.The ESP syllabus brings together a broad range of subjects such as linguistics, phonetics, and medical sciences anatomy and physiology, psychology, neurology, and speech and language pathology. To introduce the core vocabulary and the main issues in several fields and to compensate for the lack of bilingual reference materials available to students in Logopedics, the creation of a bilingual glossary is naturally justified.On the one hand are the key components of speech production such as phonation; resonance; fluency; intonation, voice, and the components of language (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics). On the other hand, the focus on doctor-patient communication, history taking, voice, mechanics of breathing, syndromes of communicative disorders, should be introduced in accordance with the academic style conventions. For the achievement of such complex the teaching and learning goals a series of ESP language practice materials were developed, incorporating the listening, reading and speaking skills. Terminological units were extracted from authentic publications, grouped thematically in bilingual glossaries and published as an educational resource on the university platform. Key lexical items were incorporated into learning tasks and specially designed exercises for practicing pronunciation, vocabulary, and extensive oral practice through audio visuals, discussions, simulation and role-play activities, students’ Power point presentations by topics and other communication-based activities that transform the classroom into an interactive place. Further to the development of foreign language fluency, the researcher/lecturer believes that writing summaries and translating short professional texts should be part of the language seminars for logopedics.The bilingual glossaries provide clear and concise definitions, sample sentences that illustrate usage, and translation equivalents in Bulgarian, while the language practice resources reinforce the relevant terms in the field.
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Tagnin, Stella E. O., and Elisa Duarte Teixeira. "Translator-oriented, corpus-driven technical glossaries: the case of cooking terms." Corpora 7, no. 1 (May 2012): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2012.0017.
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Although there are many English–Portuguese technical glossaries on the market, very few are designed to meet the specific needs of translators, whose main task is the production of an idiomatic text either in the mother tongue or in the foreign language. For that purpose, a mere list of monolexical terms (usually based on previous compilations or abstract conceptual schemata, and their equivalents) will not suffice. Most importantly, the producer of a text needs to know how a word is used in context, and this can be inferred from the observation of authentic examples. Corpus Linguistics has proved to be an invaluable tool in retrieving technical terms and phraseologies from corpora. In this paper, we employ a corpus-based methodology or, more precisely, the ‘corpus-driven approach’, to compile a bilingual, monodirectional English–Portuguese glossary of cooking terms ( Teixeira and Tagnin, 2008 ), covering the various stages of the project, with an emphasis on the identification of candidate terms, and their subsequent validation through the generation of frequency and keyword lists using the lexical analysis software, WordSmith Tools.
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Thomas, J. David, and Johannes Kramer. "Glossaria Bilinguia in Papyris et Membranis Reperta." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 73 (1987): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3821555.
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Heid, Ulrich. "A linguistic bootstrapping approach to the extraction of term candidates from German text." Terminology 5, no. 2 (December 31, 1998): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.5.2.06hei.
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This paper deals with computational linguistic tools and methods for the extraction of raw material for terminological glossaries from machine-readable text. We concentrate on monolingual German term candidates, and only briefly hint at tools and procedures for the creation of bilingual glossaries. Most of the examples we use to illustrate methods and results of our work come from technical texts provided by the translation services of Daimler Chrysler AG1 and from legal texts made available by the European Academy in Bozen, Sudtirol. The Academy is working on translations of legal documents for bilingual South Tyrol, and, in this context, on the creation, upgrading, and maintenance of terminological resources.
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García-Sánchez, Soraya, and Carmen Luján-García. "Lifelong Learning and ESP Vocabulary: Reflections in Telecommunications and ICT." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 17, no. 2 (November 16, 2020): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.17.2.195-218.
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This paper examines the building of a glossary of technical terms by a sample of master’s degree students in the professional field of Telecommunications Engineering. To achieve this aim, linguistic data was extracted from the European MACbioIDi INTERREG Project with the aim of creating a collaborative bilingual, English- Spanish glossary. The glossary is used to foster vocabulary learning strategies for ELF/ESP learners and teachers of English. The study, designed for lifelong learning education and set in an ESP context of ICT and Telecommunications, shows (i) how a glossary building task can take the form of collaborative and reflective vocabulary learning projects in ESP, (ii) the learners’ identification of anglicisms in their professional domains, and (iii) samples of writing products stemming from building the glossary.
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Thomas, J. David. "Book Review: Glossaria Bilinguia in Papyris et Membranis Reperta." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 73, no. 1 (August 1987): 262–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030751338707300140.
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Dickey, Eleanor. "A Re-Examination of New Testament Papyrus P99 (Vetus Latina AN glo Paul)." New Testament Studies 65, no. 1 (November 29, 2018): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0028688518000243.
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A bilingual Greek–Latin glossary in the papyrus Chester Beatty AC 1499 (= New Testament P99, Vetus Latina AN glo Paul) contains numerous short extracts from the letters of Paul. New photographs and re-examination of the original have allowed substantial corrections to previous editions of the text, causing some rare or unique variant readings to disappear and others to appear for the first time. The history of the glossary can now be better understood: it was probably created not directly from a text of Paul, but from an early Christian work, now lost, that quoted extensively from Paul.
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Romaine, Suzanne. "Colin Baker & Sylvia Prys Jones, Encyclopedia of bilingualism and bilingual education. Clevedon, Avon, UK: Multilingual Matters, 1998. Pp. x, 758. £79.00. [Distrib. in the US by Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia.]." Language in Society 29, no. 4 (October 2000): 600–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004740450026404x.
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The authors have compiled a truly impressive amount of information pertaining to bilingualism and bilingual education in this single-volume, full-color encyclopedia. Attractively produced on high-quality paper, the book contains 117 main topics, 390 text boxes, 340 pictures, 35 maps, 98 graphs, and 14 diagrams. There are also a glossary, a bibliography containing more than 2,000 entries, and an index. The book is organized into four sections – “Individual bilingualism,” “Languages in society,” “Languages in contact in the world” (with “Language maps of the world”), and “Bilingual education” – each with many subsections.
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Le Poder, Marie-Evelyne. "Étude terminographique descriptive, systématique et bilingue dans le domaine des aliments fonctionnels et des nutraceutiques." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 61, no. 4 (December 31, 2015): 464–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.61.4.02lep.
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Les nouvelles tendances alimentaires observées ces dernières années ont montré un intérêt croissant des populations pour une alimentation saine et équilibrée, c’est-à-dire, fonctionnelle, ayant contribué à l’apparition d’un nouvel axe de recherche dans les domaines des sciences des aliments et de la nutrition : le domaine des aliments fonctionnels et des nutraceutiques. Susceptible d’offrir de nouveaux débouchés sur le marché de la traduction, ce domaine constitue un terrain privilégié pour la formation de traducteurs/trices mais aussi pour les professionnels/elles du secteur. Ledit domaine a donné lieu à la réalisation d’un travail terminographique systématique de type descriptif et bilingue dont nous exposons ici des résultats partiaux. Le présent travail s’articule autour de cinq parties : cadre théorique de la recherche ; objectifs poursuivis ; méthodologie utilisée ; exposition de résultats partiaux de la recherche ; présentation d’un glossaire espagnol-français.
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Kit, Chunyu, Jonathan J. Webster, King-Kui Sin, Haihua Pan, and Heng Li. "Clause alignment for Hong Kong legal texts." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 9, no. 1 (April 29, 2004): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.9.1.02kit.
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In this paper we report on our recent work in clause alignment for English-Chinese bilingual legal texts using available lexical resources including a bilingual legal glossary and a bilingual dictionary, for the purpose of acquiring examples at various linguistic levels for example-based machine translation. We present our formulation of an appropriate measure for the similarity of a candidate pair of clauses with respect to matched lexical items and the corresponding implementation of an effective algorithm for clause alignment based on this similarity measure. Experimental results show that the similarity measure and the lexical-based clause alignment algorithm, though very simple, are very effective, with a performance of 94.6% alignment accuracy. It confirms our intuition that lexical information gives a reliable indication of correct alignment. The significance of this lexical-based approach lies in both its simplicity and effectiveness.
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Yardney, Sarah. "The Use of Glossaries by the Translators of the Septuagint." Textus 28, no. 1 (August 2, 2019): 157–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2589255x-02801007.
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Abstract This article proposes that the Septuagint translators made and used limited Hebrew-Greek glossaries. While these documents are not extant, this proposal explains the perplexing inconsistency of lexemic knowledge in the Septuagint of Samuel, and suggests a possible resolution to the scholarly debate regarding the translators’ use of the Pentateuch as a lexicon. Evidence of bilingual word lists from the ancient Near East and the Greco-Roman world supports the plausibility of the Septuagint translators having such tools as well.
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Mateo Martinez, José. "Lexicographical and Translation Issues in the Inclusion of English." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 27, no. 52 (January 6, 2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v27i52.25134.
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This is a crossroads time for dictionaries in print in general and for bilingual dictionaries of Economics in printin particular. A time when the prevalence of information technologies supposedly makes access to specializedlexicographical information easier and faster. The present study first reviews briefly the current situation of bilingual dictionaries of Economics on paper and their viability in a near future. It then examines, with more detail, the specific lexicographical issue of incorporating (i.e. translating) English financial neonyms, which appear practically everyday in print and internet media, into English-Spanish/Spanish-English Dictionaries of Economics on paper, normally published in the lapse of years. This gap between the immediacy of the Internet and the delay of printing, seems to cause serious problems to bilingual lexicographers specialized in Economics especially when questionable translations of such neonyms are already circulating on the web. This, in addition to the ample presence of electronic glossaries and dictionaries, easily accessible by translators and professionals, but whose reliability, on the other hand, is not always guaranteed. Finally, a more active role is recommended to bilingual lexicographers in Economics by taking advantage of internet information media services and by joining efforts with finance experts and professionals.
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Leyva, Mónica Olivares. "Translators and glossaries for bilingual literary books: a methodological proposal." Translator 25, no. 2 (April 3, 2019): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2019.1650628.
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Miller, D. Gary. "The Morphological Legacy of French." Diachronica 14, no. 2 (January 1, 1997): 233–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.14.2.03mil.
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SUMMARY A reexamination of a small portion of the morphological evidence reveals that there were no fewer than 100 hybrid derivatives (of the type French suffix on native base) prior to 1450 and at least 64 before 1400. Given that most of the texts are literary, those are fairly high numbers. Moreover, the more banal the hybrid, the more likely it was to be allowed to occur in literary texts. Not surprisingly, glossaries and other non-literary texts are rich in hybrids, implying that the application of French suffixes to non-French roots was not uncommon in colloquial ME. Bilingual selection initially yielded a treasury of diverse caiques and lexemes, but code-switching normally precluded hybrid formation. The reassertion of English was facilitated by greater convergence. Monolingual speakers of this contact language could not distinguish nativized French words from English, permitting overlapping domains and morphological transfer. RÉSUMÉ Un reexamen d'une partie limitee des evidences morphologiques revele qu'il n'y eut pas moins d'une centaine de derives hybrides (du type où un suffixe frangais se joint a une racine anglaise) anterieurs a 1450 et au moins 64 avant 1400. Etant donne que la plupart des attestations viennent de textes litteraires, ces chiffres correspondent a un taux assez eleve. D'ailleurs, plus Thybride etait banal, plus il etait apte a figurer dans des textes litteraires. On constate sans etonnement que les glossaires et les autres textes non-litteraires abondent en formations hybrides, ce qui implique que la jonction des suffixes frangais avec des racines anglaises ne fut pas rare en moyen-anglais popu-late. Au debut ce fut la selection bilingue qui produisit un tresor de lexemes divers et de caiques, tout en evitant des formations hybrides lesquelles, de toute maniere, ne sont pas typiques lorsqu'il y a alternance codique. C'est la convergence linguistique qui a ensuite facilite la resurgence de 1'anglais. Les locuteurs unilingues de cette langue de contact ne surent pas distinguer les formations frangaises naturalisees des formations anglaises, permettant ainsi le chevauchement des domaines et, par la, des transferts morphologiques. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Eine frische Untersuchung eines kleinen Teilbereiches der morpholo-gischen Daten des Mittelenglischen zeigt, da6 vor 1450 nicht weniger als 100 Hybridisierungen existierten; vor 1400 lassen sich mindestens 64 belegen. Benicksichtigt man, daß die zugrundeliegenden Texte uberwiegend litera-risch sind, so sind diese Zahlen durchaus hoch. Daruberhinaus laBt sich beobachten, daB die Mischformen umso eher in literarischen Texten EinlaB fan-den, je banaler sie waren. Es uberrascht also nicht, daB Glossare und andere nichtliterarische Texte reichhaltig an Mischformen sind, was darauf schlieBen laBt, daB die Anheftung franzosischer Suffixe an nichtfranzosische Stamme im umgangssprachlichen Mittelenglisch nicht unublich war. Anfangs produ-zierte zweisprachige Selektion einen Reichtum von verschiedenen Lexemen und Lehniibersetzungen, Kodewechsel aber schloB typischerweise Hybridi-sierungen aus. Konvergenz erleichterte dann die Wiedererstarkung des Engli-schen. Einsprachige Sprecher dieser Kontaktsprache waren nicht in der Lage, vereinheimischte franzosische Worter von englischen auseinanderzuhalten, was Uberlagerungen und morphologischen Transfer erlaubte.
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Dickey, Eleanor. "COLUMNAR TRANSLATION: AN ANCIENT INTERPRETIVE TOOL THAT THE ROMANS GAVE THE GREEKS." Classical Quarterly 65, no. 2 (June 9, 2015): 807–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838815000087.
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Among the more peculiar literary papyri uncovered in the past century are numerous bilingual texts of Virgil and Cicero, with the Latin original and a Greek translation arranged in distinctive narrow columns. These materials, variously classified as texts with translations or as glossaries, were evidently used by Greek-speaking students when they first started to read Latin literature. They thus provide a unique window into the experience of the first of many groups of non-native Latin speakers to struggle with reading the classics of Latin literature.
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Polyakova, Oksana. "An integrated approach to the higher education terminology in Spanish-Russian university texts." Onomázein Revista de lingüística filología y traducción, no. 51 (2021): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/onomazein.51.06.
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The commitment of European and non-European countries for the convergence of educational standards happened decades ago. In the beginning, in 1999 (Bologna Declaration) Spain became an integral part of the Bologna Process. Meanwhile the Russian Federation required four more years to respond to this initiative and sign in 2003 the Berlin Communique. Many issues were raised by the alignment of different education systems and their adaptation to common quality standards. However, few solutions were offered to tackle terminology issues in university domain. In this study, we will focus on how we can overcome higher education terminology differences. We will analyse Spanish-Russian university texts, exploit a mixed monolingual and bilingual corpus as well as investigate the system for terminological equivalence of terms. Finally, we will elaborate a bilingual glossary of terms, synonyms and abbreviations conceivably to meet the needs of intercultural mediators, translators or education experts.
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Ivanova, Ivona. "El Concepto de la Tortura en Relación con la Traducción y la Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos." FITISPos International Journal 2 (April 24, 2015): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/fitispos-ij.2015.2.0.50.
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Resumen: La tortura es una práctica que ha existido desde la antigüedad de los tiempos y se ha practicado en mayor o en menor medida dependiendo del lugar del que se trate. El concepto principal –la tortura- se analiza teniendo en cuenta varios aspectos contextuales importantes: su evolución a lo largo de los años, el tipos de prácticas que se utilizaban y cómo han evolucionado esas prácticas, los lugares en los que se ha practicado así como un análisis terminológico. La metodología que se ha utilizado en el trabajo sobre el que este artículo trata se basa en tres etapas principales: la primera etapa consistió en establecer una base teórica; la segunda etapa consistió en analizar el concepto de la tortura teniendo en cuenta su evolución histórica, sus prácticas y su percepción actual. Finalmente, hemos explicado la terminología desde el punto de vista de la creación de un glosario bilingüe de español-inglés de términos relacionados con el concepto de la tortura.Abstract: Torture is a practice that has existed since ancient times and has been practiced in varying levels depending on the location in question. The main concept -torture- is analysed taking into account several important contextual aspects: its evolution through the years, the types of practices that were used and how these practices have evolved, the places in which it was practiced as well as a terminological analysis. The methodology used in the paper that the article covers is based on three main stages: first stage consisted on establishing a theoretical basis; second stage consisted in analysing the concept of torture considering its historical evolution, its practices and its current perception. And finally we explained the terminology from the point of view of the creation of a Spanish-English bilingual glossary for terms related to the concept of torture.
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Depierre, Amélie. "Comment mettre la main à la pâte en terminologie." Terminology 15, no. 1 (June 10, 2009): 37–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.15.1.03dep.
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In English this paper could be entitled Hands on Terminology. It outlines an active and creative method for guiding students’ first steps in applied medical terminology through corpora-based project work on a chosen body part, such as brain, heart, skin, tonsil, etc. Specialised corpora in English and French are purpose-built by the students and analysed with WordSmith Tools. Morphemic analyses are carried out including remarks on etymology and synonyms, then meronomies, taxonomies, disease fact files and bilingual glossary files are created. This method has been used at master’s level since 2001 : it gives excellent results with self-motivated students capable of taking initiative
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Vintar, Spela. "Using Parallel Corpora for Translation-Oriented Term Extraction." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 47, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.47.2.04vin.
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In many scientific, technological or political fields terminology and the production of up-to-date reference works is lagging behind, which causes problems to translators and results in inconsistent translations. Parallel corpora of texts already translated can be used as a resource for automatic extraction of terms and terminological collocations. Especially for smaller languages where existing resources are scarce, collecting and exploiting parallel corpora may be the chief method of obtaining terminological data. The paper describes how a methodology for multi-word term extraction and bilingual conceptual mapping was developed for Slovene-English terms. We used word-to-word alignment to extract a bilingual glossary of single-word terms, and for multi-word terms two methods were tested and compared. The statistical method is broadly applicable but gives results of very limited use, while the method of syntactic patterns extracts highly useful terminological phrases, however only from a tagged corpus. A vision of further development is given and how these methods might be incorporated into existing translation tools.
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Paradiž, Martina. "CoLecTer KIN: Mobile Application for Collaborative Bilingual Glossary Compilation in the ESP Classroom." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 18, no. 1 (June 21, 2021): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.18.1.91-106.
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The ubiquitous use of smartphones has shown to offer great advantages in language learning, which still remain to be harnessed in the field of mobile-assisted language learning (MALL), ESP teaching and translator training in higher education. Language teachers are predominantly the users of existing mobile applications and not their producers, which may narrow their range of choices and options in using mobile technology in teaching. This paper presents the results of a student survey on the usability, perceived benefits, and feedback on the features of an Android mobile application built by the author. The CoLecTer KIN application was used by first-year undergraduate students of Applied Kinesiology in a collaborative project of compiling a Slovene-English bilingual glossary of topic-specific terminology. The design of the application makes it suitable for use in the ESP and translation classroom and in collaborative translation projects.
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Sviķe, Silga, Inga Kaija, Andrejs Gorbunovs, Aiga Veckalne, and Karina Šķirmante. "Medicīnas terminu vārdnīca: mobilās lietotnes izstrādes metodoloģija un izmantotie digitālie resursi." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 24 (December 2, 2020): 412–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2020.24.412.
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The research provides a snapshot of the development of a methodology for the „English-Latvian-English glossary of medical terms” (bilingual dictionary and phrase book) that was implemented as a cooperation project between two higher education institutions. The study describes the resources used in the drafting process and the structure and functionality of the dictionary. The research was conducted at the end of 2019 as a project Mobile application English-Latvian-English Bilingual Dictionary and Phrase Book of Medical Terms within the framework of internal research project competition Development of Scientific Research Activity at Ventspils University of Applied Sciences. The research concept originates in the up to now insufficiently deployed characteristic of the terminology of various fields (including the medical domain) in different respects: the selection and grouping of terms, their categorisation and translation. Given the experience of the authors of the available and so far published medical dictionaries and the results of empirical work and the survey of potential users about their expectations for a medical dictionary, possible problems of and solutions for the development of a new dictionary of medical terms were deployed.
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Rabadán, Rosa. "Proposals in meeting minutes." Languages in Contrast 16, no. 2 (September 16, 2016): 213–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.16.2.03rab.
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This paper provides an analysis of the lexico-grammatical features used in English and Spanish in the rhetorical part pertaining to the proposal step of a particular genre, meeting minutes. The results have been used in the construction of a computerized writing aid designed to assist Spanish writers when writing minutes in English. Corpus-based contrast reveals that minutes share a common rhetorical structure but show differences in the lexico-grammatical choices associated with the various rhetorical parts. Proposals are conveyed both in English and Spanish by means of lexical verbs, deverbal constructions and certain clause types. Cross-linguistic differences are in the choice of tense, mood and voice. The analysis also suggests different degrees of conventionalization of these resources in the two languages. Results form part of a linguistic prototype that includes three main components: rhetorical information in Spanish, grammatical strings in English and bilingual genre/move restricted glossaries.
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Sims-Williams, Nicholas. "Early New Persian in Syriac script: Two texts from Turfan." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 74, no. 3 (September 22, 2011): 353–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x11000346.
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AbstractThe German Turfan collection includes fragments of two Early New Persian manuscripts in Syriac script, a bilingual (Syriac and New Persian) Psalter and a pharmacological handbook containing prescriptions similar to those in the Syriac Book of Medicines published by E. A. W. Budge. Both texts make use of certain non-Syriac characters, some of which were also used for writing Sogdian while others may have been created especially for writing Persian in Syriac script. The Syriac text of the Psalter fragments is that of the Peshitta; the translation is particularly valuable for the vocalization of the Persian words. In addition to many unusual and interesting words, the pharmacological fragments attest the rare Syriac numeral symbols derived from those of ancient Aramaic. The present article contains a transliteration and translation of all these texts together with a glossary and full philological discussion.
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Decyk-Zięba, Wanda. "O kształtowaniu się polskiej terminologii gramatycznej." Poradnik Językowy 2020, no. 5/2020(774) (May 20, 2020): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/porj.2020.5.5.
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The fi rst Polish grammatical terms came into existence as early as in the Middle Ages. Due to the role played by Latin in the Polish culture and science, the relations between the Polish terminology under forma tion and the already formed Latin terminology are signifi cant. This is noticeable not only in bilingual (Latin–Polish) grammar book by E. Donat but also in the fi rst Polish-language grammar books by W. Szylarski and O. Kopczyński. The latter rendered considerable services to the codifi cation of grammatical terminology. In the 19th century, it was impossible to popularise J. Przybylski’s and A. Morzycki’s innovative terminological propositions. The development of the Polish scientifi c linguistics gives rise to a revision of the earlier grammatical systematics, which results also in a change in the nomenclature. The distinctness of grammatical lexis is evidenced by the glossaries attached to the grammar books. Some of the terms have entered the vocabulary common to various varieties of Polish over time.
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Bureau, Claude. "Télécommunications et micro-informatique, les alliés du traducteur d’aujourd'hui." Meta 37, no. 4 (September 30, 2002): 595–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/002179ar.
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Résumé Ces dix dernières années ont connu deux phénomènes culturels : 1) la communication, et son développement exponentiel dans tous les domaines, 2) la micro-informatique, et les PC dont la puissance s'est développée de façon inversement proportionnelle au coût. Cette évolution dans nos mœurs touche également le traducteur humain, qui peut à présent, sans s'endetter inconsidérément, se permettre d'avoir à domicile un PC performant et un MODEM. Avec ces deux atouts, le voilà propriétaire d'une fenêtre ouverte sur l'univers de l'information terminologique, et d'un outil convivial pour en tirer le meilleur parti. SYSTRAN, lui aussi, s'est adapté à cette évolution. En effet, il n'est plus ce gros système dont seuls les organismes internationaux et les multinationales pouvaient se permettre l'utilisation. À présent, n'importe qui a la possibilité d'utiliser SYSTRAN, de chez lui ou du bureau, grâce à toute une gamme d'accès peu coûteux : EXPRESS TRADUCTION, Minitel, les dialogues électroniques bilingues. Aujourd'hui, l'utilisateur de SYSTRAN peut également influencer la traduction automatique en créant son glossaire personnel « préférentiel » et « prioritaire » : SYSTRAN en tiendra compte dans le choix de la terminologie. Accessibilité et flexibilité sont devenues les mots d'ordre de la TA et de la TAO des années 90.
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Zhabon, Yumzhana Zh, and Darima V. Dashibalova. "Typological Description of the Tibetan Medicine Dictionaries by Mongolian and Buryat Authors from the Tibetan Fonds of the COMX of the IMBTS SB RAS and the IOM RAS." Herald of an archivist, no. 3 (2020): 651–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-3-651-663.
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The paper offers an analysis and a classification of lexicographic works on Tibetan medicine compiled by Mongolian and Buryat authors in the 18-20th centuries. The analysis of main topics of these works and of their terminology allow us to distinguish three types of dictionaries: (1) specialized mngon brjod dictionaries of synonyms of Tibetan materia medica compiled for their correct identification; (2) bilingual and monolingual bsdus ming glossaries that contain explanations of words and concepts of the rgyud bzhi and commentaries; and (3) general and terminological brda yig dictionaries with medical lexicons. Particular attention is paid to distinctive features of these dictionaries. The study reveals that words in all thesauruses compiled by Mongolian authors and in the terminological dictionary dag yig mkhas pa’i ‘byung gnas (18th century) are arranged by thematic groups. The words in all bsdus ming glossaries are limited to the lexis used in one particular treatise and arranged in order in which they occur in the text. All lexicographical works compiled by Buryat authors (dictionaries of Tuguldurov, Sumatiratna, and Choidak) were organized according to Tibetan alphabetical order. In the rgyud bzhi bsdus ming and in the dictionary of Ishdorji all Mongolian equivalents are given in Tibetan letters. The study shows that dividing dictionaries of Mongolian authors in three groups (in accordance with their topic, basic terms, basic principles of compiling dictionaries of a certain genre) allows us to trace the continuity of the Indo-Tibetan lexicographic tradition in Mongolia and Buryatia, and also to demonstrate significant contribution of the Buryat scientists to the development of Tibet lexicography (concerning alphabetical principle of dictionaries compilation).
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Cahyani, Denis Eka, and Ito Wasito. "Automatic Ontology Construction Using Text Corpora and Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs) in Alzheimer’s Disease." Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi 10, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21609/jiki.v10i2.374.
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An ontology is defined as an explicit specification of a conceptualization, which is an important tool for modeling, sharing and reuse of domain knowledge. However, ontology construction by hand is a complex and a time consuming task. This research presents a fully automatic method to build bilingual domain ontology from text corpora and ontology design patterns (ODPs) in Alzheimer’s disease. This method combines two approaches: ontology learning from texts and matching with ODPs. It consists of six steps: (i) Term & relation extraction (ii) Matching with Alzheimer glossary (iii) Matching with ontology design patterns (iv) Score computation similarity term & relation with ODPs (v) Ontology building (vi) Ontology evaluation. The result of ontology composed of 381 terms and 184 relations with 200 new terms and 42 new relations were added. Fully automatic ontology construction has higher complexity, shorter time and reduces role of the expert knowledge to evaluate ontology than manual ontology construction. This proposed method is sufficiently flexible to be applied to other domains.
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Teilanyo, Diri I. "Figurative Language in Translation: A Study of J.P. Clark’s The Ozidi Saga." Meta 52, no. 2 (August 2, 2007): 309–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/016073ar.
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Abstract The interlingual translation of figurative expressions and idioms is a particularly sensitive task, especially in literary texts where the figurativeness of the language is an inalienable part of the text as a literary piece. Since modern thinking on translation favours fidelity to the source text, the translator is required to maintain – rather than improve, reduce or otherwise alter – the figurative texture of the source text in the target text. In this paper, we investigate the felicity of J.P. Clark’s Izon-English translation in his The Ozidi Saga. We point out that felicitous as Clark’s translation is in general, there are noticeable cases of improvement, impoverishment and alteration, alongside full equivalence, in the figurative texture of the translation when viewed against the Izon text by a sensitive Izon- English bilingual. From this we argue that any form of alteration is a literary disservice to the source text, the source culture and the target audience. We propose that the literary translator should do his utmost to retain the figurative level of the source-text language in the target text, even if this involves literalism and some other violation of the basic code of the target language while annotations and glossaries may be freely employed.
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Cormier, Raymond J. "Thibaut de Champagne, Les Chansons— Texts and Melodies. Bilingual edition prepared by Christopher Callahan, Marie-Geneviève Grossel, and Daniel E. O'Sullivan. Paris: Champion, 2018, pp. 848." Mediaevistik 32, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 441–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med.2019.01.107.
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Counted among the most original and prolific medieval French poets, Thibaut IV, count of Champagne and Brie, King of Navarre, was also called Thibaut the poet entertainer (1201–1253). This great-grandson of Eleanor of Aquitaine and great-grandfather of Marie de Champagne, was celebrated by Dante for the purity of his lyrics and widely admired for his mastery of all genres of the time. Remarkable as well for his interpretations of antique mythology and bestiaries, this grand prince and Crusade hero forged poems devoted to the Virgin, transmuting the lyrical lady into a celestial figura. The generous and capacious volume to hand, prepared by young scholars, one French and two Americans, is completely devoted to the famous poet; it is, since the long-respected 1925 edition by Wallensköld (SATF; just a single scholar), the first really complete one. It offers not only all the poems (love songs, debate poems, pastourelles, Crusade, and religious poems) accompanied by their melody, but also robust notes, concordant variants, and isolated melodies. The modern French translations are complemented by additional comments in the glossary, thus offering the reader a very generous and useful reference tool, the fruit of years of accumulated philological and musicological research.
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Shcherbakova, María. "Концептологический подход к компаративному анализу терминологии сердечно-сосудистой системы человека и его практическая важность в контексте переводческих методик/Conceptual Approach Used in the Development of a Glossary of Medical Terms Russian-Spanish." FITISPos International Journal 2 (April 24, 2015): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/fitispos-ij.2015.2.0.38.
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В течение последних нескольких десятилетий проблемы терминологии привлекли внимание многих исследователей и ученых, что может объясняться растущей важностью науки в жизни людей. Развитие медицинской терминологии началось много веков назад и продолжается по сей день. Основная цель этой работы заключается в рассмотрении терминологического глоссария сердечно-сосудистой системы, созданного на основе Nomina Anatomical 2001 года, а также в комплексном анализе перевода специализированной терминологии. Наряду с разработкой испано-русского двуязычного глоссария, мы также обратили внимание на анализ собранных данных и комментарии, которые могут предотвратить ошибки и путаницу среди переводчиков и получателей переведенной информации. Для достижения целей мы прибегли к методу анализа параллельных текстов на выбранную тему в испанском и русском языках, а также к методу визуализации, что позволило нам перевести термины из списка и гарантировать высокий уровень точности, объективности, корректности, эквивалентности и адекватности. Основной гипотезой данной статьи является то, что, несмотря на греческое и латинское происхождение большинства выбранных терминов на испанском и значительной их части в русском языке, дословный перевод представляет собой наиболее серьезную и наиболее распространенную ошибку, которую совершают переводчики медицинских текстов, что объясняется особенностями развития медицинских систем в русском и испанском языках, где каждая отрасль терминологии сосредоточилась на своих собственных эволюционных принципах.Resumen: En las últimas décadas, los problemas de la terminología han llamado la atención de muchos investigadores y científicos, lo cual se explica por la creciente importancia que adquiere la ciencia en la vida de las personas. La terminología médica empezó su formación hace siglos y sigue desarrollándose hasta el momento. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es dar cuenta de la creación de un glosario de la terminología del sistema cardiovascular basada en la Nómina Anatómica del año 2001 y un análisis exhaustivo de la traducción de términos realizada. Además de la elaboración de un glosario bilingüe español-ruso también nos hemos centrado en el análisis de datos recogidos y comentarios que pueden prevenir errores y confusiones para los traductores y otros destinatarios. Para conseguir los objetivos propuestos hemos optado principalmente por el método de análisis de textos paralelos acerca del tema elegido en español y en ruso, así como el de la metodología de visualización, lo que nos ha permitido traducir los términos de la lista representada garantizando el máximo nivel de fidelidad, objetividad, precisión, equivalencia y adecuación. La hipótesis principal del presente artículo consiste en que, a pesar del origen griego y latín de la mayoría de los términos seleccionados en castellano y una gran parte de los términos en ruso, la traducción literal de éstos representa el error más grave y más frecuente de los traductores de los textos médicos ya que debido a las peculiaridades del desarrollo de los sistemas de lenguajes médicos en español y en ruso, la terminología de cada idioma ha seguido sus propias pautas de evolución.Abstract: During the last few decades the problems of terminology have caught the attention of many researchers and scientists which can be explained by the growing importance of science in the lives of people. Medical terminology formation began centuries ago and keeps developing nowadays. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the terminological glossary of the cardiovascular system created based on the Nomina Anatomical 2001 as well as the comprehensive analysis of specialized terminology translation. Apart from the development of the Spanish-Russian bilingual glossary, I have also focused on the analysis of data collected and comments that can prevent errors and confusion among translators and recipients of the translated information. To achieve the objectives the method of analysis of parallel texts on the subject chosen has been used in Spanish and in Russian, as well as that of visualization, which allowed us to translate the terms from the list and guarantee the highest level of fidelity, objectivity, accuracy, equivalence and adequacy. The main hypothesis of this article is that, despite the Greek and Latin origin of most of the terms selected in Spanish and a large part of the terms in Russian, their literal translation represents the most serious and most common mistake that translators in healthcare setting make due to the peculiarities of the development of medical systems in Spanish and Russian languages, where each language terminology has followed its own guidelines of evolution.
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Rodrigues Rebechi, Rozane, Rayane Ramos Nunes, Laura Rodrigues Munhoz, and Nathália Oliva Marcon. "Restaurant Reviews in Brazil and the USA: A Feast of Cultural Differences and Their Impact on Translation." Mutatis Mutandis. Revista Latinoamericana de Traducción 14, no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 372–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.mut.v14n2a05.
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This article shares the findings from a study aimed to create a bilingual English-Portuguese glossary of terms and collocations characteristic of restaurant reviews, especially concerning the search for translation equivalents. Relying on the assumptions of corpus linguistics, we conducted both quantitative and qualitative analyses to investigate a comparable corpus of texts published in the United States and Brazil. The manual investigation of simple and compound keywords retrieved with Sketch Engine showed that the functional translation of texts pertaining to the genre restaurant review in that pair of languages goes far beyond terminological equivalence, since it should also consider the specificities of the genre in both languages and cultures. We observed that not only are American texts much longer than their Brazilian Portuguese counterparts, but the former are also significantly more technical than the latter. Moreover, restaurant reviews unveil a number of cultural differences when written in different languages for a distinct target audience. To produce texts that work properly for the target reader, the translator should be aware of the conventions of this domain in both languages and cultures before deciding what aspects should be maintained, adapted, or omitted. In addition, elements that do not recur in both lists also reveal cultural differences between texts of a similar genre. We concluded that corpora may not only help translators to interpret source language texts, but also assist them in finding solutions for the translation process.
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Pudjiati, Danti, and Ernawati Ernawati. "The Notes Procedures of Translating Islamic Terms in I Am Malala Novel." Buletin Al-Turas 22, no. 1 (January 31, 2016): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/bat.v22i1.7224.
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AbstractThe writers focus on the analysis of notes procedures, that is, the translation procedure in translating Islamic terms in I Am Malala novel published in 2014and translated by Ingrid Dwijani Nimpoeno. They described notes procedures applied by Indonesian translator to translate the terms. They applied descriptive qualitative method to analyze the data based on Newmark’s procedure of notes. Besides, they utilize the mono lingual and bilingual dictionaries to support the analysis of the meaning in source and target language.The terms are divided into two categories: terms as knowledge and as worship. This reveals that nine terms translated by using notes within the text (one notes as an alternative to translated word, one notes as a participial group, one notes as an adjectival clause, one notes in brackets, two notes as a noun in apposition, three notes in parentheses); one term translated by using notes within the text (as an adjectival clause) and notes or glossary at the end of book; and third, one term translated by using notes at bottom of page (footnote) and notes or glossary at the end of book. In other words, the procedure of notes within the text is the most dominant---Abstract Penulis fokus pada analisis mengenai prosedur pemberian catatan/keterangan terkait penerjemahan istilah-istilah keislaman dalam novel I Am Malala yang terbit tahun 2014 yang diterjemahkan oleh Inggrid Dwijani Nimpoeno. Kajian ini akan menggambarkan prosedur yang digunakan oleh penerjermah Indonesia dalam menerjemahkan istilah keislaman. Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis pada tulisan ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif yang mengacu pada prosedur Newmark. Selain iut, juga digunakan kamus satu dan dwi bahasa untuk mendukung analisis penerjemahan dalam bahasa sumber dan bahasa sasaran. Istilah keislaman dibagi dua kategori, yaitu istilah ilmu pengetahuan dan istilah ritual. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada sembilan terjemahan istilah yang diberi catatan dalam teks (satu catatan sebagai terjemahan alternatif, satu catatan sebagai kelompok bagian, satu catatan sebagai klausa ajektif, satu catatan dalam kurung, satu catatan sebagai kata benda oposisi, tiga catatan dalam dua garis kata sisipan); satu terjemahan istilah menggunkan catatan dalam teks sebagai klausa ajektif, dan terdapat catatan atau glosari di akhir buku. Ketiga, satu terjemahan istilah menggunakan catatan kaki dan catatan atau glosari di akhir buku. Dengan kata lain, prosedur pemberian catatan yang dominan adalah di dalam teks.
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Losey-León, María Araceli. "Corpus Design and Compilation Process for the Preparation of a Bilingual Glossary (English-Spanish) in the Logistics and Maritime Transport Field: LogisTRANS." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 173 (February 2015): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.02.068.
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Темчин, Сергей Юрьевич. "Кириллический рукописный учебник древнееврейского языка (список XVI в.) и его учебно-методические приемы." Slavistica Vilnensis 58, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 7–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/slavviln.2013.2.1436.
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В статье обосновывается характеристика недавно обнаруженного рукописного кириллического учебника древнееврейского языка, созданного совместными усилиями православных и иудейских книжников, как учебного пособия, с методической точки зрения значительно превосходящего иные восточнославянские двуязычные справочные материалы того же времени. С этой целью подробно описаны применяемые в нем приемы, направленные на такую подачу языкового и сопутствующего текстового (религиозно-культурного) материала, которая облегчила бы его усвоение потенциальным читателем. Методическую сторону рассматриваемого памятника письменности следует признать одним из результатов еврейского вклада в его создание.Ключевые слова: Великое княжество Литовское, кириллическая письменность, иудейско-христианские отношения, древнееврейский язык, руськамова, библейские переводы, жидовствующие....Sergei TemchinCyrillic 16th-century manuscript “Manual of Hebrew” and its teaching methods A concise Manual of Hebrew, recently discovered in a Cyrillic manuscript miscellany of the 3rd quarter of the 16th century (Moscow, the Russian State Archive of Early Acts, F. Mazurin collection (f. 196), inventory 1, No 616, f. 124–130) is very important for the history of the Ruthenian written culture in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Manual of Hebrew comprises material of three different kinds: a) some excerpts from the original Hebrew Old Testament text (Ge 2.8, 32.27–28; Ps 150; So 3.4 (or 8.2), 8.5; Is 11.12) written in Cyrillic characters; b) a bilingual Hebrew–Ruthenian vocabulary with explanatory notes; c) small quotations from the Ruthenian text of three Old Testament books (Genesis, Isaiah, Song of Songs).The meta-language used in the Manual of Hebrew is Ruthenian. The translations present in the Manual had been made directly from Hebrew. A comparison of the quotations from the Song of Songs found in the Manual and all the known Cyrillic and Glagolitic versions of this book (referring to both the manuscript and the printed sources of different periods) reveals their principal coincidence with the Ruthenian translation found in the Vilnius Old Testament Florilegium (Vilnius, Wróblewskie Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, F 19–262). The originals of the two manuscripts probably originated in the 2nd half of the 15th century in the circle of the learned Kievan Jew Zachariah ben Aaron ha-Kohen who is also known as Skhariya, the initiator of the Novgorod movementof the Judaizers (1471–1504).The Cyrillic Manual of Hebrew is a clear evidence of this language being taught/learned in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the late 15th–early 16th century. The learning material and its presentation methods reveal a quite elaborate (although inconsistently implemented) pedagogical approach which puts the Manual aside from the rest of early East Slavic glossaries of the same or earlier date. Thus, the Manual presents, among other features: a) a number of original Hebrew texts written in Cyrillic, divided into small portions (each with a Ruthenian translation) which are then put together to form a continuoustext; b) certain trilingual glossary entries where Hebrew, “Greek” (in reality Slavic borrowings from Greek) and Slavic words are juxtaposed, while in other cases double translations in two different Slavic languages (Ruthenian and Old Church Slavonic) are given; c) some long elaborated definitions, sometimes containing synonymous variants or alternative translations; d) information about the sources of variant Hebrew forms or their meanings; e) information on certain grammatical (gender, plural, possessive) forms and word formation (compounds), etc.It is beyond doubt that the Cyrillic manuscript “Manual of Hebrew” is a result of joint efforts of Jewish and East Slavic bookmen, but the relatively high level of pedagogical and linguistic sophistication of the joint result is to be ascribed to the Jewish compilers of the Manual rather than to their East Slavic co-authors.
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Renard, Didier. "Comment dire, comment traduire ? Brèves notes de lecture sur le vocabulaire des politiques sociales. Portonnier, J.-C. 1998. Glossaire bilingue de la protection sociale , volume 1, Les Termes français/French Terms. Paris, MIRE, Rencontres et recherches. Évauger, J.-P., et P. Spicker. 1998. Social Protection : A Bilingual Glossary, volume 2, English Terms/Les Termes anglais. Paris, MIRE, Rencontres et recherches. Edwards, J., et J.-P. Révauger, éd. 1998. Discourse on Inequality in France and Britain. AIdershot, Ashgate. Gordon, D., et P. Spicker, dir. 1999. The International Glossary on Poverty. Londres, Zed Books." Lien social et Politiques, no. 41 (1999): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017781ar.
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Chirkova, Katia. "The Duoxu Language and the Ersu-Lizu-Duoxu relationship." Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 37, no. 1 (June 23, 2014): 104–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ltba.37.1.04chi.
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Duoxu is a terminally endangered and virtually undescribed Tibeto-Burman language, spoken in the historically multi-ethnic and multi-lingual Miǎnníng county of Sìchuān province in the People’s Republic of China. Until recently, Duoxu was known only through a 740-word vocabulary list in the Sino-Tibetan vocabularies Xīfān Yìyǔ [Tibetan-Chinese bilingual glossary], recorded in Chinese and Tibetan transcriptions in the 18th century, and a grammatical sketch (Huáng & Yǐn 2012). Researchers who have worked on the language (Nishida 1973, Sūn 1982, Huáng & Yǐn 2012) have expressed different views about the features and the genetic position of Duoxu, variously viewing it as (1) closely related to Lolo-Burmese languages (Nishida 1973), (2) closely related to Ersu and Lizu, two neighboring languages that are currently classified as members of the Qiangic subgroup of the Tibeto-Burman language family (Sūn 1982), or (3) distantly related to those two languages and to Qiangic languages at large (Huáng & Yǐn 2012). The Duoxu language is critically endangered and urgently requires documentation. It is of great value for our understanding of the linguistic diversity of the region, and of its linguistic history. It is also of great value as a modern reflection of a language that was recorded in the 18th century. This paper makes a significant contribution in all these areas. Based on new fieldwork with all remaining elderly Duoxu speakers, this study provides newly collected data and a new analysis. It compares the newly collected data with the 18th-century attestations of Duoxu as well as with its two putative sister languages Ersu and Lizu. The conclusion of the study is that Duoxu is closely related to Ersu and Lizu, with superficial differences attributed to long-standing and on-going contact influence from Southwestern Mandarin.
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Hrytsiuk, Olena Serhiivna. "Teaching Computer Science with CLIL Methodology." Engineering and Educational Technologies 8, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30929/2307-9770.2020.08.04.06.
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In this paper, methodological and organizational aspects of applying CLIL methodology in teaching computer science for students of universities are analyzed. It is shown that European countries, as well as the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Canada, where part of the curriculum has been taught in a foreign language for several decades, are most actively introducing content and language integration and promoting an interdisciplinary approach to education. CLIL methodology features and benefits are identified, namely, a comprehensive focus, stimulating learning environment, authenticity, active learning, gradual learning and collaboration. The peculiarity of CLIL methodology is that its use requires a stable elementary skill in the grammar of a foreign language, as well as knowledge of subject-specific language. In accordance with various conditions, CLIL model can be presented in various forms: it can be a full course of a foreign language discipline, a module from a specific topic area, a part of any course, a project, a laboratory workshop, and a research, too. The paper presents a plan for computer science lectures and labs in a foreign language, which contains seven stages, each of which is performed in English. Integration of computer science and teaching in English at the Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University is implemented using developed bilingual course program “Computer for beginners”. The course content includes a study of the material necessary for obtaining skills in using modern ICT and a personal computer using English glossary. Conclusions are drawn regarding conditions and principles of teaching computer science in a foreign language. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time a comprehensive analysis of the expediency of using CLIL methodology was carried out at the Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University. The practical significance of the work is that its results can be used for further implementation of content and language integration in Ukraine universities. The development of new content and language integrated courses with CLIL methodology for teaching courses in a foreign language is considered promising.
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Díez-Pascual, Ana, Pilar García-Díaz, and Rafael Peña-Capilla. "Experience in the Use of Social Software to Support Student Learning in University Courses of Science and Engineering Degrees." Education Sciences 9, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci9010005.
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A wiki is an easy-to-use online tool for teachers and students, as it is a collaborative website that provides the opportunity to develop and modify its content to every member in an interactive and fast way. This paper comparatively describes experiences in the implementation of wikis as voluntary activities in first-year courses in a degree in Chemistry and third-year courses in a degree in Telecommunication System Engineering. The main goal of using the wikis was to achieve collaboration among students to generate knowledge. The developed methodology was applied to the resolution of exercises, problems, and test questions, as well as to the elaboration of class notes and a bilingual glossary. The approach turned the students into active learners, increasing their interest in the course contents, promoting knowledge exchange among students and encouraging the self-management of their learning process. The role of the teacher was to provide feedback to the students in order to ensure the accuracy of the contents. Four different patterns were distinguished among the students according to their participation level in the wiki. The students who were most committed to the courses were also the most involved in the wikis, and the combination resulted in the students’ success. The results obtained for the degree in Chemistry were better than those of the degree in Telecommunication System Engineering, which was ascribed to the increased connection among the first-year students. The didactic strategy was very positive, although the percentage of participation in the wikis was somewhat low, in particular for the third-year students, who were more independent and self-organized. Initially, the number of wiki visits increased suddenly, and then moved to a long period of lower activity in the degree of Chemistry and lethargy in the degree of Telecommunication System Engineering. Therefore, it is desirable to introduce modifications in the approach, such as flexible and consensual planning with the students in order to ensure their full engagement.
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Morano, Enrico. "Some Sodicological Remarks on the Sorpus of the Berlin Turfan Manichaean Sogdian Manuscripts in Manichaean Script: among Books, Glossaries, Letters, Booklets, Bilingual and Trilingual Texts, Normal, Bold and Cursive Script." Written Monuments of the Orient 4, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 11–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/wmo35154.
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Бушс [Bušs], Оярс [Ojārs]. "Два своеобразных словаря латышского языка." Acta Baltico-Slavica 40 (December 28, 2016): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/abs.2016.011.
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Latviešu-igauņu vārdnīca. Projektijuht [Manager of the project] Arvi Tavast. Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus, 2015, 737 pp.Igauņu-latviešu vārdnīca. Atb. red. [Ed.] Valts Ernštreits. Rīga: Latviešu valodas aģentūra, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus, 2015, 1096 pp. ReviewTwo Peculiar Dictionaries of LatvianEstonian-Latvian dictionary (ed. Valts Ernštreits) and Latvian-Estonian dictionary (manager of the project Arvi Tavast) have been published at the same time and with the same design. Each of the dictionaries consists from more than forty thousand headwords, however they are not of the same size, Estonian-Latvian dictionary has significantly more pages. The reason is the Estonian-Latvian dictionary is a traditional bilingual dictionary, were we can find among other information a lot of illustrations for the use of translated lexis. Latvian-Estonian dictionary could be probably called an experimental dictionary. It is compiled on the basis of the parallel corpus, the lexical materials have been mostly processed automatically using specialized software, professional lexicographers did not participated in the compiling of this dictionary. As a result this Latvian-Estonian dictionary seems more like a glossary, we do not have examples of the use of translated words in this dictionary. What is very strange is that quite a lot of headwords are not words, they are groups of words. This experimental dictionary demonstrates that software alone still is not able to compile a dictionary of high quality without the help of experienced lexicographers. RecenzjaDwa osobliwe słowniki języka łotewskiegoSłowniki estońsko-łotewski (red. Valts Ernštreits) i łotewsko-estoński (kierownik projektu Arvi Tavast) zostały opublikowane jednocześnie i w takiej samej szacie graficznej. W każdym z nich zawarto ponad 40 tysięcy haseł, jednakże słowniki te nie mają identycznej objętości, gdyż słownik estońsko-łotewski liczy znacznie więcej stron. Wynika to z tego, że jest on tradycyjnym słownikiem dwujęzycznym, w którym poza innymi informacjami możemy znaleźć mnóstwo przykładów użycia tłumaczonej leksyki. Z kolei słownik łotewsko-estoński mógłby zapewne zostać nazwany eksperymentalnym. Został on opracowany na podstawie paralelnego korpusu, materiał leksykalny na ogół opracowano automatycznie przy zastosowaniu specjalistycznego oprogramowania, a profesjonalni leksykografowie nie uczestniczyli w autorskiej pracy nad tym słownikiem. W efekcie bardziej przypomina on zestawienie słownictwa, nie ma bowiem w tym słowniku przykładów użycia tłumaczonych wyrazów. Dziwne jest to, że wiele z haseł wyrazowych to w ogóle nie są wyrazy, lecz grupy wyrazów. Ten eksperymentalny słownik dowodzi, że samo oprogramowanie wciąż nie wystarcza, aby opracować dobrej jakości słownik bez udziału doświadczonych leksykografów.
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Delas, Daniel. "CÉSAIRE (Aimé), The Complete Poetry : Bilingual Edition. Translated by A. James Arnold and Clayton Eshleman. Introduction, notes et glossaire par A. James Arnold. Middletown (CT) : Wesleyan University Press, 2017, 962 p. – ISBN 978-0-8195-7483-1 (Hb)." Études littéraires africaines, no. 46 (2018): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1062302ar.
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Dickey, Eleanor. "THE HISTORY OF BILINGUAL DICTIONARIES RECONSIDERED: AN ANCIENT FRAGMENT RELATED TO PS.-PHILOXENUS (P.VARS. 6) AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE." Classical Quarterly, May 21, 2021, 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838821000343.
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Abstract This article identifies a papyrus in Warsaw, P.Vars. 6, as a fragment of the large Latin–Greek glossary known as Ps.-Philoxenus. That glossary, published in volume II of G. Goetz's Corpus Glossariorum Latinorum on the basis of a ninth-century manuscript, is by far the most important of the bilingual glossaries surviving from antiquity, being derived from lost works of Roman scholarship and preserving valuable information about rare and archaic Latin words. It has long been considered a product of the sixth century a.d., but the papyrus dates to c.200, and internal evidence indicates that the glossary itself must be substantially older than that copy. The Ps.-Philoxenus glossary is therefore not a creation of Late Antiquity but of the Early Empire or perhaps even the Republic. Large bilingual glossaries in alphabetical order must have existed far earlier than has hitherto been believed.
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Müller, Miloslav, Barbora Kocánová, and Petr Zacharov. "Meteorological glossaries and dictionaries: A review of their history and current state." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, August 24, 2021, 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-20-0295.1.
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AbstractThe transformation of meteorology into a modern science raised needs for collections of scientific term definitions (glossaries) and of foreign language equivalents (dictionaries). The Meteorological Glossary (United Kingdom) and the “Lexique météorologique” (France) were the only meteorological glossaries issued separately until World War II. In 1959, a dozen of such works existed, half of which were due to individuals and the other half due to collective efforts, including the comprehensive Glossary of Meteorology (USA) and the provisional version of International Meteorological Vocabulary. Collective authorship has been shown to be more efficient and generally prevailed in recent decades.Regarding dictionaries, the language in which the terms are sorted tells a lot about the purpose of a dictionary. In the 1930s, the British, French and German multilingual dictionaries were ordered alphabetically in their languages which suggests that the dictionaries were intended mainly for foreign scholars. Since World War II, bilingual dictionaries have originated in many countries, with the terms usually being ordered in foreign languages, which is more useful for domestic scholars. Dictionaries continued to be compiled subsequently because the International Meteorological Vocabulary remained limited to English, French, Russian and Spanish.Since 2000, some meteorological glossaries and dictionaries have obtained electronic versions because such versions enable them to be kept up-to-date and allow many practical functionalities, including full-text searches, links among terms and the thematic filtering of terms. While the diversity of meteorological glossaries will probably remain in the future, a truly international meteorological dictionary could be created by connecting national databases.
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Rieger, Dietmar. "Cercamon, Œuvre poétique, Édition critique bilingue avec introduction, notes et glossaire par Luciano Rossi." Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie (ZrP) 127, no. 4 (January 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrph.2011.108.
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Werneyer, Susanne. "Glossar Reisezugwagen EN-DE / DE-EN." Lebende Sprachen 55, no. 1 (January 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les.2010.010.
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AbstractThe process of creating a transeuropean interoperable rail network is an everyday challenge, creating new problems due to different track gauges or voltage systems and leading to new technical developments, implementations and comfort improvements for passengers. Translators and interpreters are faced with various problems: terms and definitions vary between companies and synonyms are not recognised. Furthermore, there is still a lack of mono- and bilingual handbooks, which cover all the aspects and technical components of passenger trains and multiple units. The following glossary is part of a terminological diploma thesis on passenger trains written at the University of Leipzig.