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1
Richtsmeier, William J., Kevin E. Kelly, Kelvin C. Lee, and Thomas A. Tami. "Surgical Glove Perforations in Otolaryngology: Prevention with Cut-Resistant Gloves." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 108, no. 1 (January 1993): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989310800114.
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This study examines the role of cut-resistant, “orthopedic-type” gloves in prevention of exposure of surgical personnel to infectious body fluids through surgical glove perforation. The incidence of glove perforations in 12 consecutive cases of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) was studied. Surgeons were double-gloved with standard latex gloves and wore cut-resistant gloves between the outer and inner gloves. As controls, six cadaver heads were wired into IMF with surgeons double-gloving without the cut-resistant glove. The rates of latex glove perforation were then compared between the two groups. Fifty-three percent (32 of 60) of outer latex gloves, but no inner latex gloves (0 of 50) were perforated when surgeons wore cut-resistant gloves. In the control group, 45% of outer gloves (9 of 20) and 15% of inner gloves (3 of 20) were perforated. The difference of inner glove perforations—hence cutaneous exposure—between these two groups was statistically significant (p nlt; 0.01). The use of cut-resistant gloves in addition to double-gloving with latex surgical gloves is recommended for facial plastic and reconstructive procedures with metal implants and major head and neck surgery, because these operations have a high rate of glove perforation. Because some loss of dexterity is noted when cut-resistant gloves are worn, the risk of glove perforation must be weighted against the need for optimal dexterity.
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Jernigan, Edward W., Brandon S. Smetana, Wayne A. Rummings, Hannah A. Dineen, J. Megan M. Patterson, and Reid W. Draeger. "The Effect of Intraoperative Glove Choice on Carpal Tunnel Pressure." Journal of Hand and Microsurgery 12, no. 01 (September 28, 2018): 03–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1669367.
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Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of surgical gown and glove wear on carpal tunnel pressure. The authors hypothesized that gowning and gloving is associated with an increase in carpal tunnel pressure in cadaveric specimens wearing appropriately sized gloves. Furthermore, they hypothesized that increased glove thickness, double gloving, and smaller-than-appropriately sized gloves would all serve to increase carpal tunnel pressure. Materials and Methods Baseline carpal tunnel pressure measurements were obtained in 11 cadaveric specimens. Each specimen was subsequently gowned and gloved. Carpal tunnel pressures were obtained for each specimen fitted with four different types of gloves in four scenarios: (1) appropriately sized gloves, (2) one full-size smaller, (3) one full-size larger, and (4) double gloved. Results Mean carpal tunnel baseline value was 3.5 mm Hg. Appropriately sized single-glove wear more than doubled baseline carpal tunnel pressure. Double gloving and smaller-than-appropriately sized glove wear more than tripled baseline values. Among the single-glove subgroup, the thickest gloves (ortho) were associated with the highest increase in pressure from baseline values. Conclusion Glove selection can have repercussions related to carpal tunnel pressure. Susceptible surgeons should consider these factors when making decisions regarding intraoperative glove wear.
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Bishu, Ram R., and Brent Goodwin. "Evaluation of Gloves: Short Time Test vs. Long Time Tests." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 1 (October 1997): 692–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181397041001152.
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Almost all the evaluative tests are one time performance tests, with the difference between gloved performance and bare handed performance being attributed to gloves. However, in real industrial tasks people don gloves for an extended period of time. It is possible that the length of time has an effect on overall glove comfort. The research objective of this study came out of the aforementioned argument. What is the most appropriate test time for evaluation of gloves? Three experiments were performed to evaluate this issue. Experiment one consisted of battery of one time evaluation test, while experiment two evaluated glove comfort when they were donned for an hour, and experiment three was a repeat of experiment two for eight hours. In summary, it appears that glove effect is not consistent with time. In other words, gloves may yield different levels of discomfort with use. Also, two hours appear to be the most appropriate test time for glove evaluation
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Mylon, Peter, Roger Lewis, Matt J. Carré, and Nicolas Martin. "An evaluation of dexterity and cutaneous sensibility tests for use with medical gloves." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 230, no. 16 (August 9, 2016): 2896–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215604005.
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The ability of selected dexterity and cutaneous sensibility tests to measure the effect of medical glove properties (material, fit, and number of layers) on manual performance was analyzed. Manual performance testing of gloves to-date has focused on thicker gloves where the effects are more obvious. However, clinicians have reported dissatisfaction with some medical gloves and a perceived detriment to performance of new materials compared to latex. Three tests (Purdue Pegboard Test, Crawford Small Parts Dexterity Test, and Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments) were performed by 18 subjects in five hand conditions (ungloved; best-fitting, loose-fitting and a double layer of latex examination gloves; best-fitting vinyl gloves). Tests were performed in the ungloved condition first, and the order of the gloved tests was randomized. Learning behavior was also measured. The Purdue test showed a significant effect of hand condition, but no differences between latex and vinyl. No significant effect of hand condition was found in the Crawford “Pins and Collars” test, but the “Screws” test showed promising discrimination between glove types. The Monofilaments test showed a significant effect of hand condition on cutaneous sensibility, particularly a reduction when “double-gloving,” but no significant differences between glove types. Existing tests show some ability to measure the effect of gloves and their properties on manual performance but are not comprehensive and require further validation. In order to fully describe the effects of medical gloves on manual performance, further tests should be designed with greater resolution and that better replicate clinical manual tasks.
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Dong, Ren G., Xueyan S. Xu, Daniel E. Welcome, and Thomas W. McDowell. "A Method for Analyzing the Effectiveness of Vibration-Reducing Gloves Based on Vibration Power Absorption." Vibration 4, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vibration4010002.
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The effectiveness of vibration-reducing (VR) gloves is conventionally assessed based on the vibration transmissibility of the gloves. This study proposed a method for analyzing and assessing the effectiveness of VR gloves based on how gloves affect the vibration power absorption (VPA) of the hand–arm system and its distribution. A model of the entire tool–handle–glove–hand–arm system was used to predict the VPA distributed in the glove and across the substructures of the hand–arm system. The ratio of the gloved-VPA and ungloved-VPA in each group of system substructures was calculated and used to quantify VR glove effectiveness, which was termed the VPA-based glove vibration transmissibility in this study. The VPA-based transmissibility values were compared with those determined using to-the-hand and on-the-hand methods. Three types of gloves (ordinary work glove, gel VR glove, and air bubble VR glove) were considered in the modeling analyses. This study made the following findings: the total VPA-based transmissibility spectrum exhibits some similarities with those determined using the other two methods; the VPA-based transmissibility for the wrist–forearm–elbow substructures is identical to that for the upper–arm–shoulder substructures in the model used in this study; each of them is equal to the square of the glove vibration transmissibility determined using the on-the-wrist method or on-the-upper-arm method; the other substructure-specific VPA-based transmissibility spectra exhibit some unique features; the effectiveness of a glove for reducing the overall VPA in the hand–arm system depends on the glove effectiveness for absorbing the vibration energy, which seems to be associated primarily with the glove cushioning materials; the glove may also help protect the fingers or hand by redistributing the VPA across the hand substructures; this redistribution seems to be primarily associated with the glove structural properties, especially the tightness of fit for the glove.
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Zare, Asma, Alireza Choobineh, Mehdi Jahangiri, Mozhgan Seif, and Fatemeh Dehghani. "Does Size Affect the Rate of Perforation? A Cross-sectional Study of Medical Gloves." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 65, no. 7 (April 3, 2021): 854–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxab007.
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Abstract Objectives Healthcare workers often have unnoticed minor abrasions on their hands, putting them at risk of contracting infectious diseases from patients, if the integrity of the medical gloves is compromised. This study aimed to compare the rate and location of glove perforation between well-fitted and ill-fitted gloves. Methods The participants of this cross-sectional study were 45 midwives in the maternity ward of a hospital in Shiraz city, Iran. A total of nine pairs of medical gloves including three pairs of fit size, three pairs of gloves with one size smaller (tight), and three pairs of gloves with one size larger (loose) were given to subjects, and asked them to use the gloves during episiotomy repair operations. After completing the task, all gloves were collected safely and gloves perforation was investigated based on water test (NF EN 455-1). Results The perforation rate of the fit, tight, and loose medical gloves was 20, 37.78, and 34.81%, respectively. The results showed a significant difference between glove perforation of different glove sizes (P < 0.05). In general, there was a significant difference between the perforation rate of the fit glove and ill-fitted gloves (P = 0.013). Conclusions Wearing the wrong size gloves may increase the glove perforation rate. Providing a wide range of glove sizes by the hospital management, and choosing the best glove size can be very effective in reducing the glove perforation and increasing safety for healthcare workers and patients.
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Sudhakar, L. R., R. W. Schoenmarklin, S. A. Lavender, and W. S. Marras. "The Effects of Gloves on Grip Strength and Muscle Activity." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 11 (October 1988): 647–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118188786762603.
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The focus of this research was to investigate how grip strength and forearm muscle force were affected by two types of gloves, rubber and leather. Grip strength was significantly less in the two gloved conditions than in a barehanded condition. However, EMG analysis of muscle activity revealed no significant difference in muscle activity across the gloved and barehanded conditions, indicating that subjects generated maximal exertions in all conditions. Therefore, a certain amount of muscle force is lost in the hand-glove interface while producing maximal grip forces in the gloved conditions. Internal muscle force measurement could thus be used to aid in glove selection for submaximal tasks in industry.
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BRAR, PARDEEPINDER KAUR, and MICHELLE D. DANYLUK. "Salmonella Transfer Potential during Hand Harvesting of Tomatoes under Laboratory Conditions." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 8 (August 1, 2013): 1342–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-048.
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Tomato good agricultural practices, mandatory guidelines in Florida, do not have specific regulations for glove use during tomato harvesting. The objective of the research reported here was to evaluate Salmonella transfer from contaminated gloves to tomatoes and vice versa upon single and subsequent touches. Experiments were performed using mature, green, round tomatoes with two types of gloves (reusable and single use) and two hygienic conditions of reusable glove (clean and dirty [fouled with tomato leaves]). The transfer scenarios used during experiments were glove to tomato, tomato to glove, and glove to up to 25 subsequently touched tomatoes. The inoculated surface (6 log CFU per surface), after drying for 24 h, touched the uninoculated surface for 5 s. Salmonella populations from gloves and tomatoes were enumerated on nonselective and selective agar supplemented with 80 μg/ml rifampin. Enrichments were performed when counts fell below the detection limit. The rates of Salmonella transfer to tomatoes during a single touch were similar for single-use and reusable gloves; transfer from tomatoes to gloves was higher to single-use gloves than to reusable gloves under wet (0 h) inoculation conditions. Dirty reusable gloves did not transfer more Salmonella than clean reusable gloves during single contact under any conditions. When a single glove was sequentially touched to multiple tomatoes, clean reusable gloves transferred higher levels of Salmonella to the first few tomatoes touched than did single-use gloves and dirty reusable gloves. As workers' gloves became dirty over time during harvest, the risk of Salmonella transfer to tomatoes did not increase.
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Chua, Yue Le, Hui Leng Choo, Kasoo Raheel Nazimudin, and Eng Wei Lim. "Design and development of an automated glove inspection machine." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2523, no. 1 (July 1, 2023): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2523/1/012007.
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Abstract Gloves are commonly used as personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect humans from contact of contamination of chemical substances and infection of disease such as Covid-19. The gloves markets including household gloves upsurged exponentially during the Covid-19 outbreak as the concern and awareness of safety and hygiene rises in the community. Hence, to ensure the safety and reliability of the product, quality control of the gloves must be efficient and accurate. However, most of the household glove manufacturers are still using manual visual inspection for quality control, which is unreliable and expensive as cost of labor are gradually increasing too. Therefore, the aim of the project is to develop an automated machine that can inspect varied sizes of household gloves and segregate the defective with non-defective gloves. With the implementation of automated glove inspection machine, the efficiency and return-of-investment for the glove inspection process can be increased. Throughout the project, the 3D model of the inspection device was developed and fabricated using 3D printing technology. Automated system of glove inspection and segregation was implemented on the inspection device. Then, the inspection device was tested on industrial defective gloves and self-made defective gloves with different diameters of pinholes. Results show that the inspection device was able to segregate all defective gloves from the non-defective gloves. The inspection device was duplicated with four more sets and mounted onto the rotating platform to complete the automated glove inspection machine. The final automated glove inspection machine can inspect and segregate five household gloves consecutively on each cycle to increase the efficiency and ROI of the quality control.
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Zhao, Caijun, Kai Way Li, and Cannan Yi. "Assessments of Work Gloves in Terms of the Strengths of Hand Grip, One-Handed Carrying, and Leg Lifting." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 7, 2021): 8294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188294.
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Gloves are used at workplaces to protect hands and fingers from potential hazards. Three types of work gloves were assessed in terms of the strength of grip, carrying, and lifting. Thirty adults (14 males and 16 females) joined as human participants. The strength data were measured under bare hand and three gloved conditions. The grip spans in the grip strength measurements included 45 mm, 55 mm, 65 mm, and 75 mm. The carrying strength was measured for both dominant and non-dominant hands under leg straight and semi-squat postural conditions. The lifting strength was measured at a semi-squat posture. The results showed that glove (p < 0.0001), grip span (p = 0.001), gender (p < 0.0001), and handedness (p < 0.0001) all affected grip strength significantly. Wearing the gloves tested in this study led to a decrease of grip strength up to 22.9%, on average, depending on gender, grip span, and hand tested. Wearing the cotton gloves led to a decrease of one-handed carrying strength ranged from 3.5% to 9.7% for female participants. All the participants took advantages in carrying strength when wearing the cut-resistant gloves. The leg lifting strength data indicated that the effects of the gloves were insignificant. The information of this study is beneficial for practitioners in the design of manual materials handling tasks concerning the use of work gloves.
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Aarnio, P., and T. Laine. "Perforation von Handschuhen in der Gefäßchirurgie: ein Vergleich zwischen einfachen und doppelten Handschuhen." Vasa 30, no. 2 (May 1, 2001): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526.30.2.122.
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Background: In surgery intact gloves act as a sterile barrier between surgeon and patient. The impermeable gloves protect the surgeon from bloodborne pathogens such as HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. On the other hand, the surgical wound is protected from micro-organisms from the skin of the surgeon. One objective of this study was to compare puncture rates between the double gloving color indication system and single-use gloves and the other to determine the extent to which glove perforations remain undetected during the course of vascular surgical operations. Patients and methods: The study material comprised all gloves used in vascular surgical operations at Satakunta Central Hospital for a period of two months. The analysis was made by the glove type in a prospective and randomised manner. Gloves were tested immediately after the surgical procedure using the approved standardized water-leak method. With this method the glove is filled with water using a special filling tube, and the water-filled glove is then checked for two minutes to detect any holes. The gloves used in this study were either double gloves with indicator, or the standard glove used at our hospital. Results: In 73 operations altogether 200 gloves were tested, half of them were double gloves and half were single gloves. The perforation occurred in the double gloves 3 times and with single gloves 12 times. The overall perforation rate was 15 out of 200 gloves (7.5%). The detection of perforation during surgery was 60%. Most frequently the perforation was located in the second finger of the left hand, 9 out of 15 perforations. Conclusion: In view of the critical importance of safety at work both transmitting the pathogens from the skin of the surgeon to the wound and transmitting the bloodborne pathogens from the patient to the surgeon, it is very important to use double gloving at least in operations where there is a high risk of glove perforation.
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Bishu, Ram R., Sanjay Batra, David J. Cochran, and Michael W. Riley. "Glove Effect on Strength: An Investigation of Glove Attributes." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 8 (September 1987): 901–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100812.
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A number of human performance capabilities are compromised with gloves. Explanations for the strength decrements with gloves have ranged from lack of tactile feedback when wearing gloves, to improper fit, to individual and task differences. An attempt has been made in this investigation to develop a predictive relationship between strength decrements and glove characteristics. Fifteen subjects participated in an experiment involving a grip and a grasp task with three gloves and a bare handed condition. Tenacity, snugness, suppleness and the material thickness were objectively measured as glove attributes. Significant Task and Glove effects were found. Results suggest that the glove size may not matter much in performance whereas resistance to sliding is an important performance determinant when using gloves. The results suggest that the strength decrements are complex functions of a number of glove attributes.
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Widodo, Ranu Tri, Lobes Herdiman, and Susy Susmartini. "Method of Selecting Gloves Based on Pressure on The Palms Using A Measuring Instrument with A Force Sensing Resistor." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri 21, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jiti.v21i1.17320.
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Assembly is a common activity in manufacturing companies. The use of handtools during assembly creates pressure on the palms surface which can lead to injury. To reduce the risk of injury, operators need to use gloves as personal protective equipment. Regardless of the general function of the glove, the type of glove tends to be chosen specifically for each task. But there is no specific method to determine the right gloves for certain activities. It is important to know the effect of using gloves on the palms surface during work activities. So this study aims to design a measuring instrument that can determine the pressure on the palm surface during activities by wearing gloves. This is done in order to be able to choose the right gloves for assembly. The result shown that during assembly the areas on the palms receive different pressure. Areas of the palms that receive the greatest pressure are the distal phalanx, and proximal phalanx on the index, middle, ring and little fingers. Pressure on the palms surface differs depending on the type of glove used. This may be due to the thickness of the glove, the thinner the glove, the greater the pressure on the palms surface. Assembling the chair using leather gloves has the lowest pressure value compared to other gloves. The pressure value on the palms surface when wearing leather gloves during the assembly of the chair is 262.15 N, 40% lower than the assembly without using gloves.
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LYNCH, ROBERT A., MARGARET L. PHILLIPS, BRENDA L. ELLEDGE, SRIDHAR HANUMANTHAIAH, and DANIEL T. BOATRIGHT. "A Preliminary Evaluation of the Effect of Glove Use by Food Handlers in Fast Food Restaurants." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.1.187.
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A study was conducted to determine whether the levels of selected microorganisms differed on foods handled by gloved and bare hands at fast food restaurants. Three hundred seventy-one plain flour tortillas were purchased from fast food restaurants and analyzed for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., coliform bacteria, and heterotrophic plate count bacteria. Approximately 46% of the samples were handled by workers wearing gloves compared with 52% of samples with bare hand contact. Coliform bacteria were found in 9.6% of samples handled by gloved workers and 4.4% of samples handled by bare hands, although this difference was not statistically significant. The distribution of heterotrophic plate count bacteria, a general measure of hygiene, was also higher in samples handled by gloved workers in one restaurant chain. The presence of E. coli, Klebsiella sp., and S. aureus was detected in one, two, and eight samples, respectively, and there were no significant differences between samples handled by gloved or bare hands. Neither direct contact of the tortilla with the food preparation surface nor gender of the worker affected the level of any organism tested. The observed tendency of food workers to wear the same pair of gloves for extended periods and complacency might account for the apparent failure of gloves to reduce or prevent bacterial contamination. The results further suggest that glove use might be counterproductive because workers might wash their hands less frequently when gloved.
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Boyarov, Andrei A., Rashid M. Tikhilov, Igor I. Shubnyakov, and Ali I. Midaev. "Glove damage in total hip arthroplasty." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 7, no. 3 (October 2, 2019): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors7355-62.
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Background. Glove damage during orthopedic operation can reach an incidence of 26.1%, whereas perforations in gloves go unnoticed by surgical team members in most cases (up to 82%), which certainly increases the risk of wound contamination and hemocontact infection transmission.
Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of glove damage among hip arthroplasty surgical team members, to identify the nature, location, and risk factors of damage to surgical gloves.
Materials and methods. A total of 1418 surgical gloves (709 pairs) that were used by surgeons, assistants, and surgical nurses during 154 primary and revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) were included in the analysis in this study.
Results. Damage to surgical gloves was observed in 69 (44.8%) operations: 54 operations of the primary THA (42.2%) and 15 revision THA (57.7%). Of 1418 gloves used, 95 were damaged (6.7%); 68 of 1166 gloves (5.8%) were damaged during primary hip arthroplasty and 27 of 252 gloves (10.7%) were damaged during revision THA. During primary and revision arthroplasties, glove perforations were observed in most cases: 83.6% and 85.7%, respectively. Most of the cases of glove damage were found in surgeons (45.2% of cases), and 41.1% and 13.7% of the cases of glove damage were experience by assistants and operating room nurses, respectively. The most frequent location of damage in the gloves was on the second finger of both hands: on the left, 40.3%, and on the right, 33.3%. Gloves were damaged in 42.1% of cases in primary arthroplasties lasting up to 70 min and in 42.3% of cases in those lasting more than 70 min. In revision hip arthroplasties lasting up to 95 min, gloves were damaged in 38.5%, and in revisions that lasted more than 95 min, in 76.9% cases.
Discussion. Glove damage during revision THA most often occurs to the surgeon suturing the wound (87.4%) and usually remains unnoticed. Risk factors for glove damage are the length of the operations and the use of sharp tools, knitting needles, and wire.
Conclusion. Use of apodactyl operational techniques and periodic change of surgical gloves can reduce the risk of damage to gloves and, as a result, reduce wound contamination and the transmission of blood-borne infections.
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MONTVILLE, REBECCA, YUHUAN CHEN, and DONALD W. SCHAFFNER. "Glove Barriers to Bacterial Cross-Contamination between Hands to Food." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 845–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.6.845.
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Human hands are an important source of microbial contamination of foods. However, published data on the effectiveness of handwashing and glove use in a foodservice setting are limited. Bacterial transfer through foodservice quality gloves was quantified using nalidixic acid-resistant Enterobacter aerogenes (a nonpathogenic surrogate with attachment characteristics similar to Salmonella). Five transfer rates were determined: chicken to bare hand, chicken to hand through gloves, bare hand to lettuce, hand to lettuce through gloves (with low inoculum on hands), and hand to lettuce through gloves (with high inoculum on hands). At least 30 observations were made for each percent transfer rate using 30 individual volunteers. The logarithm of percent transfer data were then fit to distributions: chicken to bare hand, normal (0.71, 0.42); chicken to hand through gloves, gamma (5.91, 0.40, −5.00); bare hand to lettuce, logistic (1.16, 0.30); hand to lettuce through gloves (low inoculum), normal (0.35, 0.88); hand to lettuce through gloves (high inoculum), normal (−2.52, 0.61). A 0.01% transfer was observed from food to hands and from hands to food when subjects wore gloves and a 10% transfer was observed without a glove barrier. These results indicate that gloves are permeable to bacteria although transfer from hands to food through a glove barrier was less than without a glove barrier. Our results indicate that gloves may reduce both bacterial transfer from food to the hands of foodservice workers and in subsequent transfer from hands back to food.
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Orysiak, Joanna, Magdalena Młynarczyk, and Emilia Irzmańska. "The Impact of Protective Gloves on Manual Dexterity in Cold Environments—A Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3 (January 31, 2022): 1637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031637.
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Our research aimed to determine the impact of two types of protective gloves. The research tested the glove performance on men exposed to a range of temperatures reflecting the working conditions in fruit and vegetable processing. The gloves were assessed for performance within the time required to complete a specific manual task and for performance relative to the subjective thermal sensations in the male subjects. Six males participated in a total of 3 study variants: at +5 °C (with double gloves and single glove), at −1 °C (with double gloves and single glove) and in reference conditions +20 °C (without gloves), in which they performed manual tasks. The measurement of manual task performance time was used to assess manual dexterity. Subjective thermal sensations were determined. Differences in the time required to complete specific tasks were observed between the variants with gloves (both at a temperature of +5 °C and −1 °C), and without gloves (p < 0.05). The type of protective gloves had an impact on the time needed to complete manual tasks and therefore may affect manual dexterity.
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Tao, Li Xiao, and Deepak Kumar Basnet. "Study of Glove Perforation during Hip Replacement Arthroplasty: Its Frequency, Location, and Timing." International Scholarly Research Notices 2014 (October 30, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/129561.
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Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the location, timing, and frequency of glove perforation during hip replacement arthroplasty. Methods. Gloves worn by surgical team members in 19 primary hip replacement arthroplasties were assessed. The study was of a single gloving system. All the used gloves were collected at the end of the surgery and assessed visually and by using water inflation technique. Relevant data were collected at the time of surgery. Results. A total of one hundred and ninety-one surgical gloves were evaluated. Twenty-three glove perforations were noted in nineteen of the operations. Of these perforations 14 belonged to gloves worn by surgeon and first assistant (60.1%). Glove perforation in thumb, index finger, and palm was more common. More perforation occurred in the gloves worn in nondominant hand (52%) but was insignificant. Conclusion. Glove perforation in surgeries such as total hip arthroplasty is not uncommon. In this study of single gloving system glove perforation rate was 12.04%, whereas literature reports of glove perforation rate as low as 3.3% in elective orthopedic surgeries with double gloving system. As such emphasis should be given to wear double pair of gloves wherever this practice is uncommon.
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Kocent, H., C. Corke, A. Alajeel, and S. Graves. "Washing of Gloved Hands in Antiseptic Solution Prior to Central Venous Line Insertion Reduces Contamination." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 30, no. 3 (June 2002): 338–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0203000312.
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Glove contamination at the time a central venous catheter is handled is highly undesirable and likely to increase the risk of subsequent line infection. This study was designed to determine how frequently gloves become contaminated during central venous line insertion and to demonstrate the value of glove decontamination immediately prior to handling of the central venous catheter. During twenty routine internal jugular catheter insertions the sterility of the operator's gloved fingertips (just prior to handling the intravenous catheter) was assessed by touching the fingertips onto blood agar plates. The gloved hands were then rinsed in chlorhexidine/alcohol and after drying were placed onto a further plate. Contamination was detected in 55% of the prewash plates but in none of the postwash plates. Procedures performed by less experienced resident staff had a higher contamination rate despite there being no evident breach of sterile technique. It is likely that glove contamination results from the persistance of bacteria within the deeper layers of the skin, despite surface disinfection. These bacteria may be released by manipulation of the skin when identifying landmarks. This hypothesis was supported by a subsequent observation that gloves were more highly contaminated after firm touching of the skin rather than light touching. Glove contamination during central line insertion is frequent. Catheter contamination rates could be reduced (without risk or additional cost) by rinsing gloved hands in a solution of chlorhexidine (0.5%) in alcohol (70%) prior to handling the catheter.
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Abrol, Vaishali. "Development of Latent Fingerprints on Different Types of Gloves by Using Physical and Chemical Methods." International Journal of Forensic Sciences 9, no. 2 (2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000392.
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Fingerprints are a foundation of forensic evidence collected at crime scenes. But what if the perpetrator tries to be clever and wear gloves? Does this automatically mean no fingerprints will be found? Not quite. Latex gloves abandoned at crime scenes can be potential evidence that leaves the perpetrator's hidden fingerprints behind. However, despite their potential, gloves have proven to be a tricky surface for fingerprint development. This study explores the possibility of extracting fingerprints from gloves left behind by criminals. Sweat residues, dirt, and tiny particles trapped on the glove's inner surface can transfer a latent fingerprint, even if it's smudged. This smudged print can still hold valuable clues about the perpetrator. The study aims to observe the effectiveness of fingerprint development on various glove materials: latex, nitrile, cotton, plastic, and silicone. For this, a range of physical and chemical techniques were employed to reveal these hidden prints. Specialized chemicals like ninhydrin, iodine fuming, silver nitrate, Sudan black, and gentian violet were used to make the latent prints visible. Noninvasive approaches like fingerprint powders were also used to develop latent prints on the surface of gloves. This research highlights the ingenuity of forensic science in uncovering evidence even when criminals attempt to mask their identities.
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Muralidhar, A., R. R. Bishu, and M. S. Hallbeck. "Ergonomic Glove: Design and Evaluation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 10 (October 1995): 586–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503901010.
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A new design for gloves was developed based on the principle of selective protection, where protective material is introduced in varying levels over different parts of the glove, in order to provide protection where it is most needed, and at the same time preserve the desirable dexterity and strength capabilities of the barehand, optimizing the trade-off between protection and performance. The pattern for selective protection was arrived at based on existing research, and two pairs of gloves incorporating different levels of protection have been prototyped and are currently being tested using a battery of performance tests and an Algometer test for pressure sensitivity. A battery of tests was developed to evaluate a new glove design which used the principle of selective levels of protection over different parts of the hand, in order to maximize protection, and minimize loss of dexterity. The test battery comprised of four dexterity tasks and a maximal voluntary grip strength task. The battery assessed the performance of 5 hand conditions, barehand, single glove (one layer), double glove (two layers), and two prototype gloves, one with one layer of protection (contour glove) and the other with four layers of protection over selected parts of the hand (laminar glove). The evaluation compared the performance of the prototype gloves developed with respect to the performance with the double layer glove and the single layer glove. The results indicated that the performance of the prototype gloves was comparable, and that the performance times for the double glove and the two prototype gloves tested were not significantly different. For the test of grip strength, the two prototype gloves tested enabled better performance than the double glove. The assembly task performance for the prototype II (laminar glove) was significantly lower than that of the other glove types tested
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Maulana, Deni, Yoyos Dias Ismiarto, and Widya Arsa. "Comparison of the Colonies Number of the Germs Formed Post Operation between the Utilization of Single, Double, and Orthopedic Gloves in Closed Fracture Operations More Than 2 Hours." Berkala Kedokteran 17, no. 2 (September 29, 2021): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbk.v17i2.11676.
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Abstract: Post-operative infection is still one of the most common nosocomial diseases that can cause great losses because it will increase the length of stay, use of drugs, and reduce the quality of life of the patients. The risk will increase if the number of colonies is> 105 bacteria per gram of tissue. Various ways have been done to reduce the number of bacteria in the operation area, including the use of surgical gloves. This study analyzed the comparison of the level of bacterial colonies that grew on the surface of single, double, and orthopedic surgical gloves in closed fracture management for more than 2 hours at Hasan Sadikin Hospital. The statistical analysis was done with p-value = 0.011 (<0.05), which means a significant difference in the number of germ colonies that grow between single, double, and orthopedic gloves. Double gloves and orthopedic gloves have a better ability to reduce bacterial colony growth. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the number of bacterial colonies formed between double gloves and orthopedics. Perforation is a factor affecting the number of germ colonies that formed. The use of double gloves and orthopedic gloves in closed fracture surgery for more than 2 hours shows the number of bacterial colonies formed is less than single gloves. There was a significant difference in the rate of perforation between standard surgical gloves and orthopedic gloves. Keywords: Bacteria colony, Single glove, Double glove, Orthopaedic glove, Perforation
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Makki, D., K. Deierl, A. Pandit, and S. Trakru. "A prospective study on the risk of glove fingertip contamination during draping in joint replacement surgery." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 96, no. 6 (September 2014): 434–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414x13946184902046.
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Introduction The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the risk of contamination of surgical gloves during preparation and draping in joint replacement surgery. Methods During 46 hip and knee replacement procedures, the gloves of orthopaedic consultants (n=5) and registrars (n=3) were assessed for contamination immediately after draping by impression of gloved fingers on blood agar. Contamination was evaluated by the surgeon’s grade, the type of procedure, the role of the assistant and the dominance of the hand. Results A total of 125 pairs of top gloves were examined (79 pairs from registrars and 46 pairs from consultants). Bacterial contamination was isolated on 19 pairs (15.2%) (16 pairs from registrars and 3 pairs from consultants, p=0.04). Coagulase negative staphylococci were the main isolates and contamination was considered low in all cases (1–5 colonies). Contamination was seen more on the dominant hand (16 gloves from dominant hands and 6 from non-dominant hands, p=0.04), on the index finger and thumb. More contaminated gloves were seen in hip arthroplasty procedures (16 pairs from total hip replacements vs 3 pairs from total knee replacements, p=0.02). Conclusions Contamination of glove fingertips during draping in joint replacement procedures is more likely to occur among junior surgeons, in hip rather than knee arthroplasty procedures and on the dominant hand. It is therefore essential that surgeons of different grades replace gloves used in draping to avoid exposing patients to the risk of infection.
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Character, Ben J., Ron M. McLaughlin, Cheryl S. Hedlund, Carolyn R. Boyle, and Steven H. Elder. "Postoperative Integrity of Veterinary Surgical Gloves." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 39, no. 3 (May 1, 2003): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0390311.
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A multicenter, prospective study was performed to document the incidence of defective gloves postoperatively in veterinary surgery and to correlate defects with a variety of influencing factors. Gloves were collected after surgical procedures performed by the small animal clinical services at two veterinary teaching hospitals and one institution’s student surgery laboratories. Gloves were evaluated for defects using electrical resistance testing. The overall incidence of glove defects was 23.3%. Significantly more defects occurred in gloves used for nonsoft-tissue procedures and in gloves worn on the nondominant hand. Eighty-four percent of all defects occurred in procedures lasting >60 minutes. No differences were detected in the brands of gloves used nor among surgeons of different experience levels. The individuals performing the surgery were not able to accurately predict the presence of a defect in their gloves. Surgeons should remain alert for possible glove defects and consider measures such as changing gloves every 60 minutes or double-gloving to minimize potential complications.
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Partecke, Lars Ivo, Anna-Maria Goerdt, Inga Langner, Bernd Jaeger, Ojan Assadian, Claus-Dieter Heidecke, Axel Kramer, and Nils-Olaf Huebner. "Incidence of Microperforation for Surgical Gloves Depends on Duration of Wear." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 30, no. 5 (May 2009): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/597062.
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Background.The use of sterile gloves is part of general aseptic procedure, which aims to prevent surgical team members from transmitting infectious agents to patients during procedures performed in an operating room. In addition, surgical gloves also protect team members against patient-transmitted infectious agents. Adequate protection, however, requires that the glove material remain intact. The risk of perforations in surgical gloves is thought to correlate with the duration of wear, yet very few prospective studies have addressed this issue.Methods.We prospectively collected 898 consecutive pairs of used surgical gloves over a 9-month period in a single institution. After surgical team members wore the gloves during surgical procedures, the gloves were examined for microperforations using the watertight test described in European Norm 455, part 1. The gloves were analyzed as a pair; if 1 glove had a perforation, the pair was considered to be perforated. In addition, we evaluated the use of a hand cream that contained a suspension of cornstarch and ethanol to determine its potential influence on the rate of microperforation.Results.Wearing gloves for 90 minutes or less resulted in microperforations in 46 (15.4%) of 299 pairs of gloves, whereas wearing gloves for 91-150 minutes resulted in perforation of 54 (18.1%) of 299 pairs, and 71 of (23.7%) of 300 pairs were perforated when the duration of wear was longer than 150 minutes (P = .05). Subgroup analysis revealed no significant difference in the rates of microperforation for surgeons (56 [23.0%] of 244 pairs of gloves perforated), first assistants (43 [19.0%] of 226 pairs perforated), and surgical nurses (53 [20.5%] of 259 pairs perforated). Of 171 microperforations, 114 (66.7%) were found on the left hand glove (ie, the glove on subjects' nondominant hand), predominantly on the left index finger (55 [32.3%]). The use of the hand cream had no influence on the rate of microperforation.Conclusion.Because of the increase in the rate of microperforation over time, it is recommended that surgeons, first assistants, and surgical nurses directly assisting in the operating field change gloves after 90 minutes of surgery.
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Brunton, Paul A., Randa Abidia, Tatiana V. Macfarlane, and Nairn HF Wilson. "An Evaluation of Powder-free Gloves in General Dental Practice." Primary Dental Care os7, no. 3 (July 2000): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/135576100322694259.
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Purpose of study To evaluate the suitability of two non-sterile, powder-free gloves for routine use in general dental practice. Basic procedures Randomly allocated blind evaluation of two powder-free gloves by five dentists and five dental nurses in general dental practice. Each dentist and dental nurse were allocated a four-day supply of two unnamed powder-free gloves. Following glove usage a questionnaire sought their views regarding ease of donning, operator comfort, puncture and tear resistance, and tactile sensitivity. Details of procedure undertaken, time of wear and puncture and tear formation for the dentists’ gloves were also recorded. The dentists’ gloves were retained and subsequently tested for punctures and tears. Main findings In terms of ease of donning, operator discomfort, tear resistance and tactile sensitivity neither glove was ideal, however one glove was rated higher than the other. Overall, the dentists noticed only half of the punctures and tears detected in the laboratory. One glove was more prone to punctures with the other glove more liable to tear. Time worn in excess of 20 minutes and endodontic procedures were associated with a higher incidence of punctures. Principal conclusions The two powder-free gloves evaluated in this study would appear not to be suitable for routine use in general dental practice. Further developments are required before powder-free gloves of the type evaluated can be expected to receive widespread acceptance for routine use by dentists and dental nurses in general dental practice.
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Fuller, Christopher, Joanne Savage, Sarah Besser, Andrew Hayward, Barry Cookson, Ben Cooper, and Sheldon Stone. "“The Dirty Hand in the Latex Glove”: A Study of Hand Hygiene Compliance When Gloves Are Worn." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 32, no. 12 (December 2011): 1194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/662619.
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Background and Objective.Wearing of gloves reduces transmission of organisms by healthcare workers' hands but is not a substitute for hand hygiene. Results of previous studies have varied as to whether hand hygiene is worse when gloves are worn. Most studies have been small and used nonstandardized assessments of glove use and hand hygiene. We sought to observe whether gloves were worn when appropriate and whether hand hygiene compliance differed when gloves were worn.Design.Observational study.Participants and Setting.Healthcare workers in 56 medical or care of the elderly wards and intensive care units in 15 hospitals across England and Wales.Methods.We observed hand hygiene and glove usage (7,578 moments for hand hygiene) during 249 one-hour sessions. Observers also recorded whether gloves were or were not worn for individual contacts.Results.Gloves were used in 1,983 (26.2%) of the 7,578 moments for hand hygiene and in 551 (16.7%) of 3,292 low-risk contacts; gloves were not used in 141 (21.1%) of 669 high-risk contacts. The rate of hand hygiene compliance with glove use was 41.4% (415 of 1,002 moments), and the rate without glove use was 50.0% (1,344 of 2,686 moments). After adjusting for ward, healthcare worker type, contact risk level, and whether the hand hygiene opportunity occurred before or after a patient contact, glove use was strongly associated with lower levels of hand hygiene (adjusted odds ratio, 0.65 [95% confidence interval, 0.54-0.79]; P<.0001).Conclusion.The rate of glove usage is lower than previously reported. Gloves are often worn when not indicated and vice versa. The rate of compliance with hand hygiene was significantly lower when gloves were worn. Hand hygiene campaigns should consider placing greater emphasis on the World Health Organization indications for gloving and associated hand hygiene.Trial Registration.National Research Register N0256159318.
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Bucknor, A., A. Karthikesalingam, SR Markar, PJ Holt, I. Jones, and TG Allen-Mersh. "A comparison of the effect of different surgical gloves on objective measurement of fingertip cutaneous sensibility." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, no. 2 (March 2011): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588411x12851639108150.
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INTRODUCTION The prudent selection of surgical gloves can deliver significant efficiency savings. However, objective data are lacking to compare differences in cutaneous sensibility between competing gloves. Therefore, the present study examined the use of a single comparable model of sterile surgical glove from two competing providers, Gammex PF HyGrip® (Ansell Limited, Red Bank, NJ, USA) with Biogel® (Mölnlycke Health Care AB, Göteborg, Sweden). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cutaneous pressure threshold, static and moving two-point discrimination were measured as indices of objective surgical glove performance in 52 blinded healthcare professionals. RESULTS The mean cutaneous pressure threshold was 0.0680 ± 0.0923 g for skin, 0.411 ± 0.661 g for Ansell gloves and 0.472 ± 0.768 g for Biogel gloves. Skin was significantly more sensitive than Ansell (P< 0.0001) or Biogel (P< 0.0001) gloves (Wilcoxon signed rank test). There was no statistical difference between Biogel and Ansell gloves (P = 0.359). There was no significant difference between static or moving 2-point discrimination of skin and Ansell gloves (P= 0.556, P = 0.617; Wilcoxon signed rank test), skin and Biogel gloves (P= 0.486, P= 0.437; Wilcoxon signed rank test) or Ansell and Biogel gloves (P= 0.843, P= 0.670; Wilcoxon signed rank test). CONCLUSIONS No demonstrable objective difference was found between competing gloves in the outcome measures of cutaneous sensibility and two-point discrimination. However, a difference in subjective preference was noted. Untested factors may underlie this discrepancy, and further research should employ more sophisticated measurements of surgical performance using competing models of surgical glove.
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Hojerová, Jarmila, Martina Beránková, Zuzana Peráčková, and Simona Birbičová. "Protective gloves use and work habits of non-professionals handling agricultural pesticides – a survey." Acta Chimica Slovaca 8, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acs-2015-0023.
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AbstractAs many chemicals, also agricultural pesticides (APs) can be hazardous if not used safely. Under typical working conditions, the majority of exposure to the APs is through the hand-skin. Wearing appropriate gloves should be a standard practice when handling the APs. Unlike professionals, amateurs applying the APs in their gardens or vineyards are not trained for the workplace hygiene. In this survey conducted in the spring 2015 across the Slovak Republic, practices regarding the use of protective gloves were obtained. 520 copies of the “paper-and-pencil” questionnaire were distributed to amateur users and specialized stores selling the APs (return rate of 59 %). A set of ten questions a “closed-ended” or “multiple-choice” type was offered. 75 % of respondents wear gloves when handling the APs. Regrettably, among users wearing gloves, 58 % use the same disposable gloves repeatedly, 67 % wear the reusable gloves from last season, and 53 % do not wash outside of the reusable gloves with detergent before removing them. 30 % of glove users wear all available gloves including absolutely inappropriate materials like fabric and leather, 28 % do not recognize the glove material which they use, 20 % use disposable Latex and 3 % Vinyl and Polyethylene gloves. Only 19 % of glove users wear a material that is generally considered a good choice for handling the APs (7 % Neoprene & Latex, 5 % Neoprene, 5 % Nitrile, and 2 % Butyl rubber). The survey showed the need for better education about adequate protective gloves not only for amateur users but also for retailers selling the APs and protective equipment.
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Gupta, Ravi, and Aditi Mehra. "Cost analysis of reprocessing of gloves." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 10, no. 7 (June 28, 2022): 1486. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20221792.
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Background: Gloves are an integral component of standard precautions. Reprocessing and reuse of gloves are undertaken in hospitals in resource- limited settings to reduce the cost incurred in the procurement of single use disposable gloves. There is no standardized procedure to ascertain the integrity of gloves after reprocessing. The aim of the study was to calculate the cost of reprocessing gloves vis a vis use of disposable gloves. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the CSSD. The cost incurred in all the steps of reprocessing of gloves in terms of manpower involved, consumables used and the cost of operating the equipment was determined. The overall cost was then divided by the number of total pairs of gloves reprocessed during the study period to arrive at the cost of reprocessing per pair of gloves.Results: Total cost incurred for running the machinery, manpower involved and consumables used was calculated to be Rs. 716,649. Number of pairs of gloves reprocessed was 42900. The total cost incurred in reprocessing one pair of glove in this setting was calculated to be Rs. 16.7 per glove, whereas the cost of sterile disposable surgical gloves was Rs. 11.50 during the study period. Conclusions: The results of the present study show that the reprocessing of gloves is not cheaper than using disposable gloves. The healthcare institutions should carefully look into the sterilisation techniques vis a vis the cost of using the disposable gloves.
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Althouse, G. C., J. C. H. Ko, S. M. Hopkins, and L. E. Evans. "Effect of latex and vinyl examination gloves on canine spermatozoal motility." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 199, no. 2 (July 15, 1991): 227–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1991.199.02.227.
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Summary Two experiments were conducted to determine whether contact with latex or vinyl examination gloves affects canine spermatozoal motility. In experiment 1, semen was collected by digital manipulation from each of 5 dogs, and initial spermatozoal motility was assessed. The ejaculate was divided into 5 equal subsamples of 2 ml each, then randomly assigned to a control group, or treated with a 0.5-cm2 piece of latex or vinyl glove with or without talcum powder. After such exposure, spermatozoal motility was assessed at 1 and 5 minutes. Talcum powder within latex or vinyl glove treatments had no significant effect on spermatozoal motility at either period. Spermatozoal motility in samples did not differ between the control and vinyl glove groups; however, latex glove-treated samples were found to have a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in spermatozoal motility at 1 and 5 minutes. In experiment 2, the effects of latex and vinyl gloves on canine spermatozoal motility during a sham laboratory manipulation was performed. Three ejaculates of approximately 10 ml were collected from each of 5 dogs and randomly assigned, within each dog, to be either a control (no glove exposure) or allowed to briefly contact either a latex or vinyl glove during sample manipulation. Spermatozoal motility was assessed for each sample immediately prior to and at 1 minute after manipulation. Exposure of semen to latex gloves significantly (P < 0.05) decreased sample spermatozoal motility, whereas vinyl glove exposure had a minimal (P > 0.05) effect. Results of this study indicate that contact of dog semen with latex gloves may have a detrimental effect on spermatozoal motility; therefore, when working with semen, contact of the gloves with the semen sample should be avoided. Because vinyl gloves had a minimal effect on spermatozoal motility in this study, their use is recommended over that of latex gloves.
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Lee, Benjamin, and Stuart M. McGill. "Striking dynamics and kinetic properties of boxing and MMA gloves." Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas 9, no. 2 (August 21, 2014): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v9i2.1175.
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<p>With the growing popularity of Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) as a competitive sport, questions regarding the dynamic response and properties of MMA gloves arise. High-energy impacts from punches are very similar to boxing yet MMA competition requires the use of 4 oz fingerless glove, compared to the larger full enclosure boxing glove. This work assessed the kinetic properties and strike dynamics of MMA gloves and compared findings with traditional boxing gloves. Gloves mounted on a molded fist were impacted repetitively on an instrumental anvil designed for impact, over a 5 hour period resulting in 10,000 continuous and consistent strikes. Kinetic data from impacts were sampled at the beginning of the data collection and subsequently every 30 minutes (every 1,000 strikes). MMA gloves produced 4-5 times greater peak force and 5 times faster load rate compared to the boxing glove. However, MMA gloves also showed signs of material fatigue, with peak force increasing by 35% and rate of loading increasing by 60% over the duration of the test. Boxing glove characteristics did deteriorate but to a lesser extent. In summary, the kinetic properties of MMA glove differed substantially from the boxing glove resulting in impacts characterized by higher peak forces and more rapid development of force. Material properties including stiffness and thickness play a role in the kinetic characteristics upon impact, and can be inferred to alter injury mechanisms of blunt force trauma.</p>
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Lopushinsky, Kaitlyn M., Navjeet Gill, Whitney K. Shea, John F. Elliott, Sebastian Straube, and Marlene T. Dytoc. "Making Glove Decision Less of a White Knuckling Experience: A Systematic Review and Inventory of Glove Accelerator Contents." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 24, no. 4 (April 22, 2020): 386–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475420919398.
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Background Accelerators in medical gloves are a common cause of allergic contact dermatitis among healthcare workers. Objective A systematic review of medical and nursing literature, patch testing reports, and chemical analyses of gloves was conducted to assess accelerator contents reported in the literature and to identify accelerator-free gloves. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in OVID Medline and OVID EMBASE. Hand-searching of reference lists of articles in the field and author input generated the remainder of articles assessed. Results We present an inventory of accelerator contents of gloves and accelerator-free glove options as reported in the literature as a clinical reference tool to assist allergen-free glove selection for individuals suffering from allergic contact dermatitis due to rubber accelerators. Limitations Pertinent limitations of our review include lack of predefined study exclusion criteria and screening of the studies identified in the search by 1 review author only. Conclusion The glove inventory we provide summarizes the available literature regarding medical and surgical glove accelerator content, describing gloves both by brand and manufacturer as well as by accelerators.
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Karkera, ParagJ, Anil Pinto, Mukunda Ramchandra, Abhijit Thakur, and Flavia D′souza. "Unnoticed glove perforation during surgery: Single gloves versus double gloves." Saudi Surgical Journal 2, no. 2 (2014): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2320-3846.140692.
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Bishu, Ram R., Lisa A. Bronkema, Dishayne Garcia, Glenn Klute, and Sudhakar Rajulu. "Tactility as a Function of Grasp Force: Effects of Glove, Orientation, Load and Handle." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, no. 10 (October 1994): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403801012.
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The objectives of this research were to ensure that a reduction in tactile sensitivity was causing a reduction in gloved performance, and to measure this reduction in tactile sensitivity through grasp force at the hand/handle interface under a variety of performance conditions. The effects of glove type, load lifted, handle size, and handle orientation on the initial grasping force and stable grasping force were determined through a factorial experiment in which 10 subjects participated. The working hypothesis was that grasp force would be a function of all the above mentioned factors. The most consistent findings of this experiment were: 1. Glove effect is marginal at submaximal exertions. 2. The magnitude of force exertions in the advanced glove and bare handed conditions were similar. 3. The magnitude of force exertion was the highest with meat packing gloves. 4. The ratio of peak to stable grasp force increased with increasing loads. 5. The glove effect for maximal exertions as seen in experiment 2 is consistent with published evidence. In conclusion, it is clear from these experiments that when people perform a grasping action, the maximal exertions are affected differently by gloves than sub-maximal or “just holding type of exertions.”
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Moore, Benny J., Sudheer R. Solipuram, and Michael W. Riley. "The Effects of Latex Examination Gloves on Hand Function: A Pilot Study." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 10 (October 1995): 582–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503901009.
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Over the last decade the use of latex examination gloves by dental professionals has increased significantly. The proliferation in latex glove use is primarily due to recommendations and guidelines established by both the Centers far Disease Control and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Because a significant number of dental professionals are wearing latex examination gloves, it is important to understand the limitations and restrictions associated with wearing these gloves. This study investigated the effects of hand condition on three-jaw chuck pinch strength, power grip strength and manual dexterity. Hand condition consisted of three levels: (1) bare hand, (2) hand with a normal sized latex examination glove and (3) hand with a tight fitting latex examination glove. The results of the study indicated that latex examination gloves do not have an effect on three-jaw chuck pinch strength or power grip strength. However the study suggested that ill-fitting latex examination gloves significantly reduce manual dexterity.
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Denat, Yıldız, Banu Cihan Erdogan, and Zeynep Yilmaz. "Hand hygiene beliefs and practices and glove use attitudes of health professionals working in the emergency department." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 17, no. 05 (May 31, 2023): 684–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.17141.
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Introduction: Hand washing and the use of gloves in accordance with the standards are among the most significant methods used in infection control. Methodology: This study is an analytical cross-sectional study. The sample of the study consisted of 132 health personnel working in the emergency department of a public hospital. Results: The mean of the hand hygiene belief scale was 85.50 ± 8.71, mean of the hand hygiene practice inventory was 67.70 ± 5.19. The participants’ mean general attitude towards the use of gloves was 43.71 ± 7.57, the mean of awareness about the use of gloves was 15.17 ± 3.88, the mean attitude towards the usefulness of glove use was 19.43 ± 1.47, and their attitude towards the necessity of using gloves was 12.63 ± 3.57. It was determined that glove usefulness score has a statistically significant and increasing effect on hand hygiene belief, while glove usefulness and glove awareness scores have statistically significant and increasing effects on hand hygiene practice. Conclusions: This study determined that the hand hygiene beliefs and practices of the health personnel working in the emergency department are quite high, their attitudes towards the use of gloves are positive, the attitude towards the usefulness of glove use has a significant and increasing effect on hand hygiene belief, and glove usefulness and glove awareness attitudes have a significant and increasing effect on hand hygiene practice.
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Venturini, Ashley, Mary Pancake, Walt VanCleave, Yongbo Wan, and Katrina Cornish. "Invention of a Medical Glove Durability Assessment Device." Inventions 7, no. 3 (July 22, 2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions7030062.
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Healthcare workers across the globe rely on medical gloves to prevent the transfer of harmful bacteria and viruses between themselves and their patients. Unfortunately, due to the lack of an in-use durability standard for medical gloves by the American Society for Testing and Materials, many of these gloves are of low quality and are easily torn or punctured, exposing wearers and patients to potentially deadly diseases. To solve this problem, a device that automatically detects material failures the size of a pinhole during active testing was invented. The device consists of a prosthetic hand, vacuum pump, mobile textured roller, pressure sensor, and liquid spray system. It works by creating a vacuum inside the glove and repeatedly moving the textured roller into contact with the fingertips, which, on the prosthetic hand, are porous. When a glove perforates, the vacuum is broken, pressure within the hand rapidly increases, and the operator is alerted on a touchscreen that the glove has failed. In addition, the liquid spray system allows the user to test gloves in “real world” conditions, because healthcare workers often come into contact with liquids that may alter glove durability. As a preliminary test of the device’s accuracy, five nitrile and five latex exam gloves were tested using the system’s default settings. Natural latex is known to be the highest performing glove material, so the nitrile gloves were expected to fail more quickly than the latex gloves. The test results concur with this expected order of failure: nitrile first, with an average failure time of 300 s and 42 average number of roller touches, followed by natural latex, with an average failure time of 2206 s and 300 average number of roller touches. These results provide evidence that the device accurately ranks glove durability, and therefore could be used to develop an ASTM durability standard and improve the quality of gloves made from different polymers.
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Delgado-Nungaray, Javier Alejandro, David Grajeda-Arias, Eire Reynaga-Delgado, and Orfil Gonzalez-Reynoso. "Biodegradation of Nitrile Gloves as Sole Carbon Source of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Liquid Culture." Polymers 16, no. 8 (April 20, 2024): 1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16081162.
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Nitrile gloves have become a significant environmental pollutant after the COVID-19 pandemic due to their single-use design. This study examines the capability of P. aeruginosa to use nitrile gloves as its sole carbon energy source. Biodegradation was determined by P. aeruginosa adapting to increasing nitrile glove concentrations at 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/v). The growth kinetics of P. aeruginosa were evaluated, as well as the polymer weight loss. Topographic changes on the glove surfaces were examined using SEM, and FT-IR was used to evaluate the biodegradation products of the nitrile gloves. Following the establishment of a biofilm on the glove surface, the nitrile toxicity was minimized via biodegradation. The result of the average weight loss of nitrile gloves was 2.25%. FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of aldehydes and aliphatic amines associated with biodegradation. SEM showed P. aeruginosa immersed in the EPS matrix, causing the formation of cracks, scales, protrusions, and the presence of semi-spherical particles. We conclude that P. aeruginosa has the capability to use nitrile gloves as its sole carbon source, even up to 5%, through biofilm formation, demonstrating the potential of P. aeruginosa for the degradation of nitrile gloves.
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Kim Man, Mandy Mok. "Glove Industry Spikes during Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Comfort Gloves Berhad (CGB)." International Business Research 14, no. 10 (September 21, 2021): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v14n10p105.
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The glove industry in Malaysia continues to grow with the strong demand from the domestic and international markets. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the worldwide demand for gloves surges to a higher level due to huge demand for the medical and healthcare usage. This creates opportunities for gloves manufacturers to increase their production lines and produce more gloves to fulfil the markets’ demand. The paper studies the glove industry in Malaysia and applies a case study of Comfort Gloves Berhad, which is a glove manufacturer in Malaysia to look in depth the opportunities and threats faced by glove manufacturers during the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors studied the published resources to collect information and further analysed the data and information collected. This paper discusses the SWOT analysis and Porter Five Forces in influencing the markets. The recommendations and conclusion are provided at the end of the paper.
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Barbosa, Lívia Mirelle, Sylvia Sampaio Peixoto, João Luiz Gomes Carneiro Monteiro, Caroline Dantas Albuquerque Carneiro, Lívia Maria Lopes de Oliveira, Adriano Costa Ramos, Gabriela Madeira Araújo, Ricardo Viana Bessa Nogueira, José Rodrigues Laureano Filho, and Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito Vasconcelos. "Surgical glove perforation during oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures: An experimental study." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 6 (May 19, 2021): e2610615290. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15290.
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Propouse: surgical teams sometimes neglect surgical glove perforation. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sterile glove perforation in maxillofacial surgical procedures. Methods: Two studies were performed. The first one evaluated 200 pairs of surgical gloves (50 in each group) used by first, second, and third-year residents (R1,R2,R3). In the second study, 150 pairs of surgical gloves were evaluated: 100 pairs were used by a third-year resident, including 50 pairs in oral surgery procedures and 50 pairs in trauma surgeries, and 50 pairs of unused gloves were tested as control. The gloves were examined for perforations by filling them with water and testing for leaks. Results: In the first study, 29 pairs (19.3%) were perforated. Of the 50 pairs of control gloves, 7 pairs (14%) showed perforations on either side. The thumb and index finger and the right-hand (dominant hand) gloves, were the most frequently perforated sites. In the second study, 6% of the gloves in the control group, 6% of the gloves used in oral surgeries, and 10% of the gloves used in trauma surgeries showed perforations. The index finger and thumb were the most affected sites. Conclusion: The perforation rate was higher for the dominant right hand. In both studies, the frequency of perforation of unused gloves was significant, indicating the need for better quality control of the gloves evaluated in this study.
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Da Wang, Jun, and Yu-Wen Lin. "P-195 DECODING ACID SOLUTIONS PERMEATION IN CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE GLOVES: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0737.
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Abstract Introduction Acid exposure may lead to contact dermatitis. Gloves are usually the last line of defense. This study assesses glove permeation behaviors under potential acid exposure by evaluating their performance against various acids. Methods This study employed ASTM F739 open-looped permeation test method, collecting samples every 15 minutes over 4 hours. Sulfuric acid (96% and 18%) and nitric acid (65% and 33%) were used as challenge solutions. Deionized water and artificial sweat served as collection media. Investigated nitrile gloves A (0.38 mm) and B (0.56 mm) and neoprene gloves C (0.60 mm) and D (0.75 mm). Permeation samples were measured using a pH meter, universal test papers for hydrogen ion breakthrough times (BTs), and ion-exchange chromatography for acidic ion BTs. Result The thickest glove, Glove D, exhibit no breakthroughs in all tests. Gloves A and B had average BTs of 50±8.66 and 125±22.91 minutes in the 65% nitric acid tests. Neoprene glove C broke through at 60±30 minutes in 96% sulfuric acid, earlier than nitrile gloves (glove A 110±8.66 minutes, glove B 175±8.66 minutes). Low acid concentrations showed no breakthrough. Permeation behaviors varied across the glove materials and acid ions. Collection media had no effect on BTs. Discussion and conclusion Glove material and thickness significantly impact acid solution permeation. The hydrogen ion concentration is crucial for BTs. Universal test papers were validated and recommended as practical low-tech acid breakthrough monitors.
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Cochran, David J., Thomas J. Albin, Ram R. Bishu, and Michael W. Riley. "An Analysis of Grasp Force Degradation with Commercially Available Gloves." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 8 (September 1986): 852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603000827.
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Excessive force has been indicated as a causal factor in repetitive motion related occupational diseases such as carpal tunnel syndrome, tendinitis, and tenosynovitis. When gloves are worn, grasp capabilities may be compromised causing more force to be exerted. The objective of this research was to evaluate several brands and styles of gloves. Specifically, this evaluation determined the degradation of maximum grasping force for each of the gloves tested versus a bare-handed grasp. The results of this study indicate how much each glove inhibits grasp and a hierarchy of gloves is formed using the percentage of grasp degradation for each glove when it is compared with a bare-handed grasp.
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Robinson, Gwen, Zegbeh Z. Kpadeh, Haleema Alserehi, Daniel Morgan, Anthony D. Harris, J. Kristie Johnson, and Surbhi Leekha. "1729. Effect of Glove Disinfection on Bacterial Contamination of Healthcare Worker Hands." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 5, suppl_1 (November 2018): S56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofy209.135.
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Abstract Background Disinfection of gloves and gowns was recommended to decrease healthcare worker (HCW) self-contamination during doffing of gloves and gowns in the Ebola epidemic. To understand the potential role of this practice in preventing bacterial transmission, we examined the effect of disinfectants on bacterial contamination of HCW hands following glove removal. Methods A laboratory simulation study was conducted using methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and antibiotic-sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae among volunteer HCWs (n = 10 per organism). For each experiment, the volunteer donned 2 pairs of gloves with the “under glove” simulating HCW hands and “top glove” simulating actual glove use in the clinical setting. The top-glove was inoculated with 108 CFU bacteria for each step. Top gloves were sampled directly after inoculation (Arm A), and after disinfection with alcohol gel, bleach wipes, and quaternary ammonium (quat) wipes, in separate steps (Arm B). Under gloves were sampled after top glove removal without disinfection (Arm C), and top glove removal post disinfection (Arm D). Quantitative bacterial load reduction was compared for glove use (Arm C − Arm A), and for disinfectant use in addition to glove use (Arm D − Arm C). Qualitative detection of any bacterial load (present/absent) on under glove in the setting of disinfection prior to top glove removal was also assessed. Results Of 108 CFU inoculated, the median recovery was 1.2 × 104 CFU (both bacteria combined). After glove removal (no disinfection), the median recovery from the under glove was 2.7 × 102 CFU, for a reduction of 98% (1.6 log) in bacterial load. After top glove disinfection and removal, the median bacterial recovery from the under glove was 1.4 × 102, 0, and 0 CFU for alcohol, quat, and bleach (47% or 0.3 log reduction for alcohol; 99% or 2 log reduction for quat and bleach) (Figure 1). Regardless of quantity, bacteria were recovered from under gloves even after top glove disinfection in 70%, 40%, and 35% cases for alcohol, quat, and bleach, respectively (Figure 2). Conclusion Glove disinfection prior to glove removal is effective at reducing bacterial contamination of HCW hands. However, despite disinfection, some level of hand contamination occurs frequently. Disclosures J. K. Johnson, Q-Linea: Investigator, Research grant. Applied Biocode: Investigator, Research grant
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Lamouroux, Céline, Lea Bertolotti, Clio Coste, Pauline Pralong, Marine-Alexia Lefevre, Justine Pasteur, Aude Clément, et al. "O-010 GLOVE-RELATED CONTACT DERMATITIS: DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF A REPEATED APPLICATION TEST." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0438.
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Abstract Introduction Gloves are frequently the cause of occupational hand dermatitis and are responsible for irritant (ICD) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The diagnosis of ACD is based on patch tests to gloves (PTg), semi-open tests to gloves (SOg), and patch tests to glove allergens (PTal). The aim was to define the contribution of a glove repeated application test (GRAT) in the diagnosis strategy of glove-related contact dermatitis. Methods This retrospective study included patients with hand eczema who wore gloves and who completed a GRAT in the context of allergological explorations. It consisted of applying a piece of the glove maintained by a non-adhesive strip during 10 consecutive nights on the same area of the anterior face of the forearm. Results Ten patients were diagnosed with ACD to gloves. This diagnosis was made on positive SOg, PTg, GRAT and PTal for 2 patients, positive PTal and GRAT for 3 patients, positive SOg and GRAT for 2 patients, positive GRAT alone for 2 patients, positive PTal alone for 1 patient. GRAT had better sensitivity than the other tests. Discussion GRAT diagnosed the most cases of glove allergy. It has the advantage of being non-invasive, easy to perform and cheap, but requires the patient’s cooperation. Conclusion GRAT seems useful in the diagnostic strategy of glove contact dermatitis and could be proposed when the diagnosis of glove-related contact dermatitis is suspected.
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Wittmann, Andreas, Nenad Kralj, Jan Köver, Klaus Gasthaus, Hartmut Lerch, and Friedrich Hofmann. "Comparison of 4 Different Types of Surgical Gloves Used for Preventing Blood Contact." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 31, no. 05 (May 2010): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/652158.
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Background. Needlestick injuries are always associated with a risk of infection, because these types of punctures may expose healthcare workers to a patient's blood and/or body fluids. Objective. To compare the efficacy of 4 different types of surgical gloves for preventing exposure to blood as a result of needlestick injury. Methods. For simulation of needlestick injury, a circular sample of pork skin was tightened onto a bracket, and a single finger from a medical glove was stretched over the sample. First, a powder-free surgical glove with a gel coating was used to test blood contact. Second, a glove with a patented puncture indication system was used to test blood contact with a double-gloved hand. Third, 2 powder-free latex medical gloves of the same size and hand were combined for double gloving, again to test blood contact. Finally, we tested a glove with an integrated disinfectant on the inside. The punctures were carried out using diverse sharp surgical devices that were contaminated with 99Tc-marked blood. The amount of blood contact was determined from the transmitted radioactivity. Results. For the powder-free surgical glove with a gel coating, a mean volume of 0.048 μL of blood (standard error of the mean [SEM], 0.077 μL.) was transferred in punctures with an automated lancet at a depth of 2.4 mm through 1 layer of latex. For the glove with an integrated disinfectant on the inside, the mean volume of blood transferred was 0.030 μL (SEM, 0.0056 μL) with a single glove and was 0.024 μL (SEM, 0.003 μL) with 2 gloves. For the glove with the patented puncture indication system, a mean volume of 0.024 μL, (SEM, 0.003 μL) of blood was transferred. Conclusions. Double gloving or the use of a glove with disinfectant can result in a decrease in the volume of blood transferred. Therefore, the use of either of these gloving systems could help to minimize the risk of bloodborne infections for medical staff.
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Hammond, Alison, and Yeliz Prior. "Arthritis glove provision in rheumatoid arthritis and hand osteoarthritis: A survey of United Kingdom rheumatology occupational therapists." Hand Therapy 27, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17589983211060620.
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Introduction Hand pain and function limitations are common in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and hand osteoarthritis (HOA). Provision of arthritis (compression) gloves to relieve hand symptoms is increasing in occupational therapy. Research evaluating arthritis gloves dates to the 1990s, focussing on night-wear of full-length finger gloves in RA. This survey examined glove provision in contemporary clinical practice in the United Kingdom. Methods A survey of arthritis glove provision in RA was conducted with Royal College of Occupational Therapists Rheumatology Specialist Section members. A more detailed survey about glove provision in RA and HOA was conducted with rheumatology occupational therapists in North-West England. Results Response rates were good, with 60 (73%) therapists responding to the national and 24 (69%) to the regional surveys. Most therapists provided open-finger gloves (commonly IsotonerTM) to about a third of their RA and HOA patients, and to those with any arthritic condition causing significant hand pain and/or swelling. Day-wear was as common as night-wear, and patients were advised to wear these ‘as and when’ for hand symptom relief and support for hand function. They were advised not to wear gloves continually in the day, and regularly perform hand exercises and monitor for potential adverse effects, for example, skin discolouration. Therapists commonly provide replacement gloves as these are often used long-term. Conclusion Prescription of arthritis gloves has changed considerably in the last 30 years, with open-finger gloves provided to a wider range of people with arthritis, for a broader range of clinical reasons.
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Jabeen, Kauser, Pushpa Bhawan Mal, Areeba Tharwani, Mariam Hashmi, and Joveria Farooqi. "Persistence of Candida auris on latex and nitrile gloves with transmission to sterile urinary catheters‡." Medical Mycology 58, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myz033.
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Abstract Candida auris’ ability to persist on contaminated gloves and transmit to urinary catheters was evaluated. 105 and 103 cfu/ml suspensions of eight Candida species including C. auris were inoculated on latex and nitrile gloves fingertips and touched on agar surface at different time intervals. Urinary catheter piece, touched by latex glove carrying Candida spp. suspensions at various time intervals, was cultured by roll-plate method. C.auris persisted on latex gloves at both 105 and 103 cfu/ml up to 3 minutes and could be transmitted from both wet and dry contaminated gloves to catheters. Proper glove use with strict hand hygiene should be advocated in settings with ongoing C.auris transmission.
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Se Hoo, Kien Wah Isaac, Lih Jiun Yu, Khrishnan Sri Jousiva Shyam, Ah Chye Ong, and Lai Yeen Gavin Lai. "Effects of Former Surface Treatment on Natural Rubber Latex Deposition." Materials Science Forum 975 (January 2020): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.975.223.
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The glove formers are tools used to pick up the coagulants and rubber latex, so the vulcanised rubber takes the form of hands upon drying. As the demands of gloves quality is crucial to serve the purpose of gloves as a bidirectional protective barrier; the gloves are required to be both sturdy and strong as to prevent tearing while also being elastic and comfortable to use. This research is a comparison study on the surface treatment of a ceramic glove former and how it affects the contact angle between the former surface and the coagulant, and the latex being deposited on the former. The study also focuses on the mechanical properties of the gloves and defects produced by the formers. Gloves were made using the two types of formers and the gloves were then tested for their masses, thickness distributions, tensile strengths, elongations and defects. It was found that the talc treated formers was able to adhere coagulant better, a lower contact angle of 22.10 as compared to the untreated former which had a contact angle of 27.60. This enabled the talc treated former to produce natural rubber gloves which had higher mass and more evenly distributed.
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TODD, EWEN C. D., BARRY S. MICHAELS, JUDY D. GREIG, DEBRA SMITH, and CHARLES A. BARTLESON. "Outbreaks Where Food Workers Have Been Implicated in the Spread of Foodborne Disease. Part 8. Gloves as Barriers To Prevent Contamination of Food by Workers." Journal of Food Protection 73, no. 9 (September 1, 2010): 1762–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-73.9.1762.
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The role played by food workers and other individuals in the contamination of food has been identified as an important contributing factor leading to foodborne outbreaks. To prevent direct bare hand contact with food and food surfaces, many jurisdictions have made glove use compulsory for food production and preparation. When properly used, gloves can substantially reduce opportunities for food contamination. However, gloves have limitations and may become a source of contamination if they are punctured or improperly used. Experiments conducted in clinical and dental settings have revealed pinhole leaks in gloves. Although such loss of glove integrity can lead to contamination of foods and surfaces, in the food industry improper use of gloves is more likely than leakage to lead to food contamination and outbreaks. Wearing jewelry (e.g., rings) and artificial nails is discouraged because these items can puncture gloves and allow accumulation of microbial populations under them. Occlusion of the skin during long-term glove use in food operations creates the warm, moist conditions necessary for microbial proliferation and can increase pathogen transfer onto foods through leaks or exposed skin or during glove removal. The most important issue is that glove use can create a false sense of security, resulting in more high-risk behaviors that can lead to cross-contamination when employees are not adequately trained.