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1

Shah, Ankit M., and Fredric E. Wondisford. "Tracking the carbons supplying gluconeogenesis." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 42 (2020): 14419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.rev120.012758.

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As the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) grows in the 21st century, the need to understand glucose metabolism heightens. Increased gluconeogenesis is a major contributor to the hyperglycemia seen in T2DM. Isotope tracer experiments in humans and animals over several decades have offered insights into gluconeogenesis under euglycemic and diabetic conditions. This review focuses on the current understanding of carbon flux in gluconeogenesis, including substrate contribution of various gluconeogenic precursors to glucose production. Alterations of gluconeogenic metabolites and fluxes in T
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van den Brink, Willem J., Tim J. van den Broek, Salvator Palmisano, Suzan Wopereis, and Iris M. de Hoogh. "Digital Biomarkers for Personalized Nutrition: Predicting Meal Moments and Interstitial Glucose with Non-Invasive, Wearable Technologies." Nutrients 14, no. 21 (2022): 4465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14214465.

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Digital health technologies may support the management and prevention of disease through personalized lifestyle interventions. Wearables and smartphones are increasingly used to continuously monitor health and disease in everyday life, targeting health maintenance. Here, we aim to demonstrate the potential of wearables and smartphones to (1) detect eating moments and (2) predict and explain individual glucose levels in healthy individuals, ultimately supporting health self-management. Twenty-four individuals collected continuous data from interstitial glucose monitoring, food logging, activity
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Hameed, Rabab Alaa. "The Intelligent Auto-Tuning Controller Design Based on Dolphin Echo Location for Blood Glucose Monitoring System." Journal of Engineering 27, no. 8 (2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2021.08.01.

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This paper presents an enhancement technique for tracking and regulating the blood glucose level for diabetic patients using an intelligent auto-tuning Proportional-Integral-Derivative PID controller. The proposed controller aims to generate the best insulin control action responsible for regulating the blood glucose level precisely, accurately, and quickly. The tuning control algorithm used the Dolphin Echolocation Optimization (DEO) algorithm for obtaining the near-optimal PID controller parameters with a proposed time domain specification performance index. The MATLAB simulation results for
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Liu, Weijiu. "A mathematical model for the robust blood glucose tracking." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 16, no. 2 (2019): 759–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2019036.

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Greyling, Cornelia Felicia, Sasya Madhurantakam, Kai-Chun Lin, Sriram Muthukumar, and Shalini Prasad. "Tracking Active Glucose-Galactose [TAGG] dynamics in human sweat." Biosensors and Bioelectronics: X 14 (September 2023): 100357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosx.2023.100357.

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Kang, Jeon Woong, Yun Sang Park, Hojun Chang, et al. "Direct observation of glucose fingerprint using in vivo Raman spectroscopy." Science Advances 6, no. 4 (2020): eaay5206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay5206.

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Noninvasive blood glucose monitoring has been a long-standing dream in diabetes management. The use of Raman spectroscopy, with its molecular specificity, has been investigated in this regard over the past decade. Previous studies reported on glucose sensing based on indirect evidence such as statistical correlation to the reference glucose concentration. However, these claims fail to demonstrate glucose Raman peaks, which has raised questions regarding the effectiveness of Raman spectroscopy for glucose sensing. Here, we demonstrate the first direct observation of glucose Raman peaks from in
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Timko, Michael T., Alex R. Maag, Juan Mauricio Venegas, et al. "Spectroscopic tracking of mechanochemical reactivity and modification of a hydrothermal char." RSC Advances 6, no. 15 (2016): 12021–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra24561c.

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Ziegler, Susan E., Paul M. White, Duane C. Wolf, and Gregory J. Thoma. "TRACKING THE FATE AND RECYCLING OF 13C-LABELED GLUCOSE IN SOIL." Soil Science 170, no. 10 (2005): 767–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-200510000-00002.

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9

Ashley, Brandon, and Weijiu Liu. "Asymptotic tracking and disturbance rejection of the blood glucose regulation system." Mathematical Biosciences 289 (July 2017): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2017.05.001.

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10

Gloes, Franziska, Andrea Boehme, Thilo Liebscher, Steffen Zinn, Maria Richetta, and Andreas H. Foitzik. "Analyte Tracking for Novel Bio-Applications." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 2454–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.2454.

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Modern cell culture as well as sophisticated bio-applications involve complex biochemical processes, which are required to induce growth, product development or material degradation. Tracking the reaction processes inside the application presents a major challenge due to its complexity. The development of new analysis and tracking mechanisms for such application presents a solution to fully understand the process. In addition, the applied sensors are required to monitor the reactions enable a live tracking of the process. Furthermore, this gives the opportunity to influence and manipulate reac
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Nalongo J., Amina. "Wearable Biosensors: Tracking Health in Real-Time." Research Output Journal of Biological and Applied Science 4, no. 3 (2024): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/rojbas/2024/433437.

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Wearable biosensors have revolutionized healthcare by enabling real-time monitoring of vital physiological parameters. These devices, which measure biomarkers such as cardiac signals, glucose levels, and electrodermal activity, have found extensive application in personalized health management, chronic disease monitoring, and fitness tracking. Advances in micro- and nanotechnology, along with the integration of artificial intelligence and cloud computing, have significantly enhanced the accuracy and usability of wearable biosensors. Despite the progress, challenges related to data privacy, reg
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Wu, Yuxin, Zhengwei Zhu, Xinjuan Liu, and Yuhua Xue. "Multilayer Core-Sheath Structured Nickel Wire/Copper Oxide/Cobalt Oxide Composite for Highly Sensitive Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor." Nanomaterials 15, no. 6 (2025): 411. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15060411.

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The development of micro glucose sensors plays a vital role in the management and monitoring of diabetes, facilitating real-time tracking of blood glucose levels. In this paper, we developed a three-layer core-sheath microwire (NW@CuO@Co3O4) with nickel wire as the core and copper oxide and cobalt oxide nanowires as the sheath. The unique core-sheath structure of microwire enables it to have both good conductivity and excellent electrochemical catalytic activity when used as an electrode for glucose detecting. The non-enzymatic glucose sensor base on a NW@CuO@Co3O4 core-sheath wire exhibits a
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Xu, Jia. "Technological Innovations and Clinical Implementation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Systems." Theoretical and Natural Science 114, no. 1 (2025): None. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2025.pj24464.

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Diabetes is a chronic and incurable metabolic disorder, necessitating rigorous blood glucose management as the cornerstone of effective treatment. Maintaining blood glucose levels within the normal range is critical for mitigating the risk of microvascular complications. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems represent a transformative advancement in glucose monitoring technology, enabling automated, real-time tracking of glycemic fluctuations by measuring interstitial fluid (ISF) glucose concentrations and converting these readings into blood glucose values.This paper provides a comprehe
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Whitlock, Laura A., and Anne Collins McLaughlin. "Identifying Usability Problems of Blood Glucose Tracking Apps for Older Adult Users." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 56, no. 1 (2012): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181312561001.

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15

Zhang, Huaiyue. "Application of Biosensors in Non-invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring." E3S Web of Conferences 553 (2024): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202455305001.

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Blood glucose monitoring is essential for managing conditions like diabetes and liver dysfunction, with a growing need among various population groups, including the elderly, pregnant, and individuals engaging in specific dietary and exercise regimes. The technology for glucose monitoring is divided into invasive and non-invasive methods. Invasive techniques, while accurate, involve bodily fluid extraction, posing risks of infection and inconvenience for frequent monitoring. Conversely, non-invasive methods, which include biosensors that analyze internal signals, offer a safer and more user-fr
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Groat, Danielle, Hyo Kwon, Maria Grando, Curtiss Cook, and Bithika Thompson. "Comparing Real-Time Self-Tracking and Device-Recorded Exercise Data in Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes." Applied Clinical Informatics 09, no. 04 (2018): 919–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676458.

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Background Insulin therapy, medical nutrition therapy, and physical activity are required for the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). There is a lack of studies in real-life environments that characterize patient-reported data from logs, activity trackers, and medical devices (e.g., glucose sensors) in the context of exercise. Objective The objective of this study was to compare data from continuous glucose monitor (CGM), wristband heart rate monitor (WHRM), and self-tracking with a smartphone application (app), iDECIDE, with regards to exercise behaviors and rate of change in glucose levels.
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Brendgen, Rike, Thomas Grethe, and Anne Schwarz-Pfeiffer. "Textile Organic Electrochemical Transistor for Non-Invasive Glucose Sensing." Micro 4, no. 4 (2024): 530–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/micro4040033.

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The global rise in diabetes has highlighted the urgent need for continuous, non-invasive health monitoring solutions. Traditional glucose monitoring methods, which are invasive and often inconvenient, have created a demand for alternative technologies that can offer comfort, accuracy, and real-time data. In this study, the development of a textile-based organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) is presented, designed for non-invasive glucose sensing, aiming to integrate this technology seamlessly into everyday clothing. The document details the design, optimization, and testing of a one-compon
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Ajayan. T, Harisankar V, Bhavya MC, Chandraja CV, Shabi Ruskin R, and John D Milton. "Tracking the red alarms of metabolic syndrome." International Journal of Life Science Research Archive 3, no. 2 (2022): 086–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2022.3.2.0104.

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Childhood obesity has a strong association with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. In India, lower socio-economic group are undernourished whereas the higher and middle socio-economic group are over nourished and this triggered an urgent need for accurate data on nutritional status of children and adolescents and also need for spreading messages about the rising obesity epidemic among them. Parents and teachers have less knowledge about metabolic syndrome which leads to inadequate perception of this concept in Indian society. Abdominal obesity is due to excess ab
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19

Jang, Chorom, Jin-Kwan Park, Hee-Jo Lee, Gi-Ho Yun, and Jong-Gwan Yook. "Temperature-Corrected Fluidic Glucose Sensor Based on Microwave Resonator." Sensors 18, no. 11 (2018): 3850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113850.

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In this paper, a fluidic glucose sensor that is based on a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) is proposed for the microwave frequency region. The detection of glucose with different concentrations from 0 mg/dL to 400 mg/dL in a non-invasive manner is possible by introducing a fluidic system. The glucose concentration can be continuously monitored by tracking the transmission coefficient S 21 as a sensing parameter. The variation tendency in S 21 by the glucose concentration is analyzed with equivalent circuit model. In addition, to eradicate the systematic error due to temperature varia
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Yoon, Nanyoung, Keith Dadson, Thanh Dang, et al. "Tracking adiponectin biodistribution via fluorescence molecular tomography indicates increased vascular permeability after streptozotocin-induced diabetes." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 317, no. 5 (2019): E760—E772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00564.2018.

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Adiponectin, a highly abundant polypeptide hormone in plasma, plays an important role in the regulation of energy metabolism in a wide variety of tissues, as well as providing important beneficial effects in diabetes, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. To act on target tissues, adiponectin must move from the circulation to the interstitial space, suggesting that vascular permeability plays an important role in regulating adiponectin action. To test this hypothesis, fluorescently labeled adiponectin was used to monitor its biodistribution in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (STZ
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Laguna Sanz, Alejandro José, José Luis Díez, Marga Giménez, and Jorge Bondia. "Enhanced Accuracy of Continuous Glucose Monitoring during Exercise through Physical Activity Tracking Integration." Sensors 19, no. 17 (2019): 3757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19173757.

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Current Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGM) exhibit increased estimation error during periods of aerobic physical activity. The use of readily-available exercise monitoring devices opens new possibilities for accuracy enhancement during these periods. The viability of an array of physical activity signals provided by three different wearable devices was considered. Linear regression models were used in this work to evaluate the correction capabilities of each of the wearable signals and propose a model for CGM correction during exercise. A simple two-input model can reduce CGM error during physi
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Williams, John Patrick, and Dirk Schroeder. "Popular Glucose Tracking Apps and Use of mHealth by Latinos With Diabetes: Review." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 3, no. 3 (2015): e84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mhealth.3986.

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23

Ruiz-Velázquez, E., R. Femat, and D. U. Campos-Delgado. "Blood glucose control for type I diabetes mellitus: A robust tracking H∞ problem." Control Engineering Practice 12, no. 9 (2004): 1179–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2003.12.004.

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24

Le, Long V., Gauree S. Chendke, Soya Gamsey, Natalie Wisniewski, and Tejal A. Desai. "Near-Infrared Optical Nanosensors for Continuous Detection of Glucose." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 14, no. 2 (2019): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296819886928.

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Background: Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) enable people with diabetes to proactively manage their blood glucose and reduce the risk of hypoglycemia. Commercially available CGMs utilize percutaneous electrodes that, after days to weeks of implantation, are subjected to the foreign body response that severely reduces sensor accuracy. The previous work demonstrated the use of hydrogels containing a glucose-responsive viologen that quenches a nearby fluorophore. Here, we investigate the immobilization of this sensing motif onto a nanoparticle surface and optimize local surface concentrations
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Kaya, Ayten. "Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems in Diabetes Management: A Qualitative Analysis Based on User Experiences." Medical Records 7, no. 2 (2025): 491–99. https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.1645581.

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Aim: Continuous glucose monitoring systems are widely employed in diabetes management to improve blood glucose control and reduce the risk of hypoglycemia. These technologies enable real-time monitoring of glucose levels, thereby optimizing treatment processes. However, user-based data regarding the effectiveness and usability challenges of continuous glucose monitoring systems remain limited. This study aims to analyze the experiences of individuals using continuous glucose monitoring systems by examining the role of these devices in diabetes management, their advantages, and the issues encou
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Rios, Andrea P., Ela Fuentevilla, Duarte E. Diaz, and Sean Limesand. "215 Tracking growth performance and insulin response on four-month-old maternal heat-stressed lambs." Journal of Animal Science 102, Supplement_3 (2024): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.461.

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Abstract Poor growth performance and metabolic disorders are prevalent problems in lambs exposed to maternal heat stress, specifically during the last mid-third of gestation. Columbia–Rambouillet crossbred lambs (n = 12) were immediately separated from their heat-stressed and non-stressed dam at lambing. The maternal heat stress exposure occurred during the last mid-third gestation and was for about 40 d (40 to 80 d). Lamb body weight (BW) was recorded daily for 4 mo. A glucose tolerance test was performed in mo 4 to evaluate glucose concentrations and insulin response. Maternal heat-stressed
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Kaur, Manmeet, Shalini Kapoor, and Amit Bhardwaj. "Salivary Glucose as a Chairside Screening Tool for Diabetes and Periodontal Disease in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Subjects-A Cross-sectional Study." Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University 19, no. 4 (2024): 736–41. https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_411_24.

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Background: Diabetes mellitus is conceivably among the most ancient diseases recognized by humankind. Periodontal disease is the inflammation of the periodontal tissues surrounding the tooth. Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus are two medical conditions that closely correlate with overt inflammatory processes. The most common method for estimating average glucose levels in a diabetic individual is through blood analysis. Blood glucose estimation is often invasive, uncomfortable, and painful. Considering this, it seems imperative to develop a painless, noninvasive technique for tracking a diab
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Joynes, Lydia, and Jie Zhang. "A Feedback Control Strategy for a Fed-Batch Monoclonal Antibody Production Process Utilising Infrequent and Irregular Sampled Measurements." Processes 10, no. 8 (2022): 1448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10081448.

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The ability to take non-invasive Raman measurements presents a unique opportunity to use one Raman probe across multiple vessels in parallel, reducing costs but making measurements infrequent. Under these conditions, infrequent and irregular feedback signals can result in poor closed-loop control performance. This study addressed the issue of infrequent and irregular Raman measurements using a linear dynamic model developed from interpolated data to predict more frequent measurements of the controlled variable. The simulated monoclonal antibody production was sampled hourly with white noise ad
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Thalia, Odile Patrick. "Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) vs Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) on Glycemic Control in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes." IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 10, no. 1 (2025): 17–21. https://doi.org/10.59298/idosrjsr/2024/10.1.17.210.

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This review article explored the comparative effectiveness of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) versus Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) in improving glycemic control among adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Adolescents with T1DM face significant challenges in managing their condition, with fluctuating blood glucose levels, the demands of insulin therapy, and adherence to self-monitoring practices. SMBG, the traditional method for glucose monitoring, provides intermittent snapshots of glucose levels, which may not be sufficient for optimal glycemic control. In contrast,
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Moodley, Nareshni, Unathi Ngxamngxa, Magdalena J. Turzyniecka, and Tahir S. Pillay. "Historical perspectives in clinical pathology: a history of glucose measurement." Journal of Clinical Pathology 68, no. 4 (2015): 258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202672.

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This is the second in the series of historical articles dealing with developments in clinical pathology. As one of the most commonly measured analytes in pathology, the assessment of glucose dates back to the time of the ancient Egyptians. It was only in the 19th century that advances in chemistry led to the identification of the sugar in urine being glucose. The following century witnessed the development of more chemical and enzymatic methods which became incorporated into the modern analysers and point-of-care instruments which are as ubiquitous as the modern day cellphones. Tracking the mi
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He, Guang-Hui, Meng Dong, Song Chen, et al. "Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes inhibit the VEGF-A expression in human retinal vascular endothelial cells induced by high glucose." International Journal of Ophthalmology 14, no. 12 (2021): 1820–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2021.12.03.

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AIM: To determine the effect of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in human retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRECs). METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from hUCMSCs using cryogenic ultracentrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting and nanoparticle tracking analysis. HRECs were randomly divided into a normal control group (group A), a high glucose model group (group B), a high glucose group with 25 μg/mL (group C), 50 μg/mL (group D), and 10
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Huang, Hen-Wei, Siheng Sean You, Luca Di Tizio, et al. "An automated all-in-one system for carbohydrate tracking, glucose monitoring, and insulin delivery." Journal of Controlled Release 343 (March 2022): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.001.

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ABRAHAM, SINU BESSY, DAE KANG, YUXIANG ZHONG, PRATIK AGRAWAL, TONI L. CORDERO, and ROBERT VIGERSKY. "891-P: Detecting Dawn Phenomenon in T1D with Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Activity Tracking." Diabetes 69, Supplement 1 (2020): 891—P. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db20-891-p.

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Tamilselvi, T., D. Lakshmi, R. Lavanya, and K. Revathi. "Digital Companion for Elders in Tracking Health and Intelligent Recommendation Support using Deep Learning." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 3 (2023): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i3.6331.

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Ambient assisted living (AAL) facilitates the daily routines of elderly people, particularly those who have clinical difficulties or physical limitations. The latest technologies like distributed compuring,internet of things (IoT) and machine learning pave the ground for the creation of an effective automated tracker which aids elder citizens to live independently. The suggested system is attempted to design a wearable that monitors the blood glucose level through sweat. To achieve high accuracy, the proposed system uses ambient sensing and deep learning based techniques. It places a strong em
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Chen, Chao-Sheng, Aaron Shinnosuke Yokokawa, Kuan-Hsun Tseng, Ming-Hsu Wang, Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma, and Chin-Feng Wan. "A novel method for synthesis of carbon dots and their applications in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glucose detections." RSC Advances 13, no. 40 (2023): 28250–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra01795h.

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A novel approach to producing C-dots and their use in detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been discovered. When combined with various biomolecules, C-dots prove to be a versatile tool for extensive metabolite tracking.
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R, Niveditha, and Sree Takshin N. "Intense Study on Measuring Blood Glucose Level of Humans using Non-Invasive Method v.0." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (2022): 334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41221.

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Abstract: Diabetes mellitus, additionally referred to as Hyperglycemia, is one of the most common disorders in the world. It happens because of the excess amount of glucose present in the blood. It impacts about 422 million humans worldwide, with the bulk residing in low- and middle-profits countries, and diabetes is at once accountable for 1.5 million deaths every year. Regular tracking of glucose is important for the management of diabetes. The current proposal involves an aggregated method of using an array of Near-infrared LEDs to non-invasively measure the concentration of glucose in the
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M, Pavithra Devi. "An IOT Based Glucose and Blood Pressure Monitoring System with Machine Learning for Estimating Vital Signs and Abnormal Conditions." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 4 (2025): 6972–77. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.69986.

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In recent years, the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in healthcare has opened new possibilities for remote patient monitoring and early disease detection. Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential for managing and preventing conditions like diabetes. Conventional methods of glucose monitoring are typically invasive, expensive, and impractical for regular use. In this study, we present a smart, non-invasive system that utilizes Internet of Things (IoT) technology combined with machine learning algorithms to predict blood glucose status. The system measures physiological
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Dole, Andrew, Martyn Beaven, and Stacy T. Sims. "Menstrual Cycle Tracking in Sports Research: Challenges, Progress, and Future Directions." Physiologia 3, no. 4 (2023): 598–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physiologia3040044.

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The roles of 17β estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), the primary female sex hormones, are pivotal in regulating various aspects of metabolism. E2 influences food intake, energy expenditure, adipose tissue distribution, and insulin sensitivity across multiple tissues. Meanwhile, P4 impacts energy expenditure, electrolyte balance, amino acid oxidation, muscle protein synthesis, and glucose metabolism. The interactions between these hormones affect macronutrient utilization, both at rest and during exercise. Acknowledging the need to incorporate sex hormone perturbations in research, this paper
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Kopp, Maximilian B. "Flexible nanomaterial sensors for non-invasive health monitoring." Applied and Computational Engineering 72, no. 1 (2024): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/72/20240981.

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According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), diabetes is the eighth leading cause of death in the United States, while about 1 in 5 patients are unaware that they have been affected. Current detection methods are crude, using rudimentary pricking methods that require needles and being unconventional for continuous tracking, this strongly discourages people from early detection and management. Therefore, developing a non-invasive glucose monitoring technique is of utmost importance. The primary objective of this research is to address the limitations of existing glucose monitoring techniq
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Boehm, Ryan, John Donovan, Disha Sheth, Andrew Durfor, Jason Roberts, and Irada Isayeva. "In Vitro Sugar Interference Testing With Amperometric Glucose Oxidase Sensors." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 13, no. 1 (2018): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296818791538.

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Background: Electrochemical enzymatic glucose sensors are intended to measure blood or interstitial fluid glucose concentrations. One class of these glucose sensors are continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), indicated for tracking and trending of glucose concentrations in interstitial fluid and as an adjunct to blood glucose testing. Currently approved CGMs employ a glucose oxidase (GOx) electrochemical detection scheme. Potential interfering agents can impact the accuracy of results obtained by glucose sensors, including CGMs. Methods: Seven sugars, seven sugar alcohols, and three artificial swe
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Lin, Georgianna, Brenna Li, Jin Yi Li, Chloe Zhao, Khai Truong, and Alexander Mariakakis. "Users' Perspectives on Multimodal Menstrual Tracking Using Consumer Health Devices." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 8, no. 3 (2024): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3678575.

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Previous menstrual health literature highlights a variety of signals not included in existing menstrual trackers because they are either difficult to gather or are not typically associated with menstrual health. Since it has become increasingly convenient to collect biomarkers through wearables and other consumer-grade devices, our work examines how people incorporate unconventional signals (e.g., blood glucose levels, heart rate) into their understanding of menstrual health. In this paper, we describe a three-month-long study on fifty participants' experiences as they tracked their health usi
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Wang, Guoying, Lester Arguelles, Rong Liu, et al. "Tracking Blood Glucose and Predicting Prediabetes in Chinese Children and Adolescents: A Prospective Twin Study." PLoS ONE 6, no. 12 (2011): e28573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028573.

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Natalio, Filipe. "Tracking the Biological Incorporation of Exogenous Molecules into Cellulose Fibers with Non‐Radioactive Iodinated Glucose." Israel Journal of Chemistry 60, no. 12 (2020): 1197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijch.202000060.

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Cobb, Jacob, Jeffrey Rawson, Nelson Gonzalez, Chris Orr, Fouad Kandeel, and Mohamed I. Husseiny. "Reversal of diabetes by an oral Salmonella-based vaccine in acute and progressive diabetes in NOD mice." PLOS ONE 19, no. 5 (2024): e0303863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303863.

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D)-associated hyperglycemia develops, in part, from loss of insulin-secreting beta cells. The degree of glycemic dysregulation and the age at onset of disease can serve as indicators of the aggressiveness of the disease. Tracking blood glucose levels in prediabetic mice may demonstrate the onset of diabetes and, along with animal age, also presage disease severity. In this study, an analysis of blood glucose levels obtained from female NOD mice starting at 4 weeks until diabetes onset was undertaken. New onset diabetic mice were orally vaccinated with a Salmonella-based vacc
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Feuerstein, Delphine, Heiko Backes, Markus Gramer, et al. "Regulation of cerebral metabolism during cortical spreading depression." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 36, no. 11 (2016): 1965–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x15612779.

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We analyzed the metabolic response to cortical spreading depression that drastically increases local energy demand to restore ion homeostasis. During single and multiple cortical spreading depressions in the rat cortex, we simultaneously monitored extracellular levels of glucose and lactate using rapid sampling microdialysis and glucose influx using 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography while tracking cortical spreading depression using laser speckle imaging. Combining the acquired data with steady-state requirements we developed a mass-conserving compartment model including neu
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Auscher, Søren, Brian Bridal Løgstrup, Jacob Eifer Møller, Kristina Hoeg Vinther, Jess Lambrechtsen, and Kenneth Egstrup. "Effects of Intensive Statin Therapy on Left Ventricular Function in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and Abnormal Glucose Tolerance." Cardiology 138, no. 1 (2017): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000469657.

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Objectives: Abnormal glucose tolerance in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with greater mortality and adverse cardiovascular effects. As statins possess a range of beneficial pleiotropic effects on the cardiovascular system, we sought to assess the cardioprotective effects of statins on left ventricular function in patients with AMI in relation to glycometabolic state. Methods: In a prospective, randomized trial, 140 patients with AMI were randomized to intensive statin therapy receiving statin loading with 80 mg of rosuvastatin followed by 40 mg daily or standard
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Taha, Mohamed M., Mahmoud S. Rizk, Mohamed A. Zayed, Fatehy M. Abdel-Haleem, and Ahmed Barhoum. "Non-Enzymatic Phenylboronic Acid-Based Optode Membrane for Glucose Monitoring in Serums of Diabetic Patients and in the Culture Medium of Human Embryos." Sensors 22, no. 19 (2022): 7135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197135.

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Monitoring glucose levels is important not only for diabetics, but also for tracking embryonic development in human embryo culture media. In this study, an optochemical sensor (glucose-selective polymer membrane) was fabricated for the determination of glucose in serum from diabetic patients and the culture media of human embryos. The optode membranes were formulated using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as the polymer matrix and 4′,5′-dibromofluorescein octadecyl ester (ETH 7075) as the chromoionophore. The sensitivity of the optode membranes was optimized using two different plasticizers (tricresyl
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Bandodkar, Amay J., Philipp Gutruf, Jungil Choi, et al. "Battery-free, skin-interfaced microfluidic/electronic systems for simultaneous electrochemical, colorimetric, and volumetric analysis of sweat." Science Advances 5, no. 1 (2019): eaav3294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav3294.

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Wearable sweat sensors rely either on electronics for electrochemical detection or on colorimetry for visual readout. Non-ideal form factors represent disadvantages of the former, while semiquantitative operation and narrow scope of measurable biomarkers characterize the latter. Here, we introduce a battery-free, wireless electronic sensing platform inspired by biofuel cells that integrates chronometric microfluidic platforms with embedded colorimetric assays. The resulting sensors combine advantages of electronic and microfluidic functionality in a platform that is significantly lighter, chea
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.S, Mahendran. "Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Estimator using Arduino and NodeMCU." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 05 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem47111.

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Abstract This paper is designed to revolutionize healthcare delivery by enabling real-time, remote monitoring of key health parameters. The system uses IoT-based sensors to continuously track vital signs like weight, body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and SpO₂. The data collected is transmitted wirelessly to healthcare providers via cloud technology, allowing doctors to monitor patients anywhere. This system is particularly beneficial for elderly, chronic, and rural patients who may face challenges in accessing healthcare services regularly. By providing continuous monitoring, the s
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Ko, Hyun Sun, and Yoon-Hee Choi. "Diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 67, no. 11 (2024): 686–94. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2024.67.11.686.

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Background: The increase in obesity and diabetes, coupled with advanced maternal age, has led to an increase in pregnancies affected by hyperglycemia, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pre-existing diabetes, and early pregnancy hyperglycemia that does not meet the full criteria for diabetes. This surge necessitates better screening and management practices to mitigate associated maternal and fetal risks.Current Concepts: The diagnosis of GDM remains challenging owing to inconsistent criteria, such as differences in oral glucose tolerance test thresholds and various strategies in d
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