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1
Barniak, Martin. "Návrh nových laboratorních úloh pro prostředí GNS3." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220396.
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Diploma thesis deals with four laboratory tasks in simulation environment GNS3. Designed tasks are primarily focused on comparison of IPv4 and IPv6 protocols. In the first task the subject is concerned about OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 routing protocols. Next themes are transit techniques like NAT-PT and tunneling like GRE and 6to4. The second task is focused on configuration of routing protocols like EIGRP and EIGRPv6. Next sections are concerned about DHCP and ICMP protocols within IPv4 and IPv6 protocol suits. The third task is primarily focused on security relations of protocol suite IPv6. It contains OSPFv3 authentication, access lists and Cisco stateful IOS firewall. Content of the fourth task is protocol MPLS. First part of this task is concerned about basic configuration of this protocol and second part is focused on MPLS within IPv6 environment. All tasks contain test questions and individual part task.
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Черненко, С. О. "Організація VoIP у корпоративній мережі за допомогою GNS3." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40761.
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Телефонний зв'язок і голосове спілкування – це один з найшвидших способів передачі інформації у світі. Зараз практично не існує компаній, які б не користувалися можливостями IP-телефонії. На жаль, через високу вартість обладнання, не всі підприємства малого бізнесу зважуються впроваджувати цей вид зв‘язку.
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Hellström, Joakim. "Utvärdering av nätverkssimulering och enhetsemulering : GNS3 och Packet Tracer." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-25192.
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Denna rapport tar upp hur ett par olika programvaror, nämligen Packet Tracer och GNS3 kan användas för att simulera verklig utrustning i syftet att använda dessa hos ett företag i labbmiljö för att förbereda en implementation av ny hårdvara samtidigt som kostnaderna kan hållas nere, men också hur dessa programvaror kan användas i studiesyfte och använda som komplement till fysisk utrustning inför laborationer och examinationer i de olika kurserna som Cisco erbjuder. Det är också en utvärdering för att avgöra vilken av programvarorna som är den bästa att använda. En topologi sätts upp, komplett med IP-adressering med relativt vanlig konfiguration för att se hur dessa programvaror hanterar och klarar av dessa konfigurationer. Det visar sig att båda programvarorna presterar bra i de flesta fall, men de avbildningar av IOS som testats i GNS3 saknar stöd för PortSecurity som standard, så Packet Tracer tar titeln. Packet Tracer lämpar sig bäst för grundläggande studier med sina enkla paketspårningar medan GNS3 fungerar bättre för mer avancerade topologier med möjlighet till import av befintlig hårdvara. Nyckelord: Cisco, Packet Tracer, GNS3, Simulering.This report focuses on Packet Tracer and GNS3 and how these can be used to simulate real equipment at a company to prepare for implementation of new hardware while mitigating cost. It also shows how these can be used for educational purposes as a complement to real-world equipment for the courses held by Cisco. It’s also an evaluation of both softwares to decide which of them that is the best choise in a given scenario. A topology is created, complete with an IPaddressing table and fairly common configurations. The goal is to examine how the softwares behave and if they can handle the configurations. Both of them do well during testing, but the images of IOS that were tested in GNS3 do not support PortSecurity in its standard configuration so the title go to Packet Tracer. Packet Tracer is best suited for basic educational purposes because of its easy and understandable packet tracking abilities while GNS3 is better for more advanced topologies with support for importing pre-owned hardware.
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Varli, Dogan. "Modulation Coding In A Radio Link And Data Transfer Application Using L2 VPN Ethernet Over MPLS In A Large Network." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-20961.
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In this thesis work, the locations where we are unable to reach via fiber are considered for wireless transmission links. In the practical part of this thesis different modulation techniques and antenna sizes were analyzed in order to provide the most efficient way of data transmission. The data between this wireless links was transfered using MPLS L2 VPN solution. According to improving technology and increasing internet usage, the communication speed, which is between users and providers, becomes more inevitable for transmitting data without any delays. More than one users might use same connection line for transmitting their packets and it is able to be caused an online traffic and some delays and data loss could occur. In this circumstance, high rate internet demands would lead extra costs for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and users. In the introduction part, a brief description for the history of communications and basic equipments for Radio Link and Fiber Optic cable are done. In the theory part, detailed information was provided about modulation techniques and multiplexing techniques followed by general information about computer networks and comprehensive information about OSI layers. In the process and result parts, program outputs for Path Loss design which was used for R/L was mentioned in a detailed way. After that, Ethernet Over MPLS L2 VPN was highlighted and a simulation from point-to-point "Ethernet Over MPLS L2 VPN” was conducted in GNS3 software. Furthermore, the simulation for point-to-multipoint case was then applied in a laboratory environment in order to achieve the desired result. In the result part, different R/L simulation results are compared to determine the optimized modulation technique and antenna sizes which could then be merged with simulation results from the previous part.
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Karlík, Martin. "Rozbor protokolů CISCO sítí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-242154.
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ABSTRACT Bc.Karlík, Martin Department of Telecommunications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology. Analysis of CISCO networking protocols This semestral thesis is focused on CISCO networks and protocols like MPLS, BGP, Ipv4, Ipv6, Multicast – sprase / dense mode. The task was study of those protocols and design and implement lab excercise with one of those protocols by using free network simulator GNS3. In this excercise is used CISCO router 3745.
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Daněk, Michal. "Virtuální privátní sítě na bázi technologie MPLS." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316971.
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Master thesis deals with architecture of network based on multiprotocol label switching technology (MPLS). Work also describes use of this technology for point to point or multipoint connections based on network or data link layer. The practical part is focused on design of laboratory task which is aimed to configuration of virtual private LAN service (VPLS). This technology emulates multipoint connection based on the data link layer.
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Szymeczek, Andrzej. "Vytvoření simulačního modelu přístupové sítě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413103.
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The topic of the diploma thesis is " Application of simulation model of access network". The aim of the thesis was to create a part of the access network in which were tested simulations for TCP and UDP traffic. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with general information about the GNS3 program and the possibilities which this program allows. The next part of the thesis describes the Mikrotik RouterOS program, which was used in the topology. The next section describes the types of routing in IP networks, as well as the types of packet delivery. The practical part deals with the creation of test topologies and verification of the performance of the simulation tool. Furthermore, the practical part deals with the programming of a network generator for TCP and UDP traffic in the network. The generator was created by using a Bash script and a combination of the dd and nc commands. At the end, the thesis describes the results of simulations in terms of transmission speed, network throughput, packet size distribution and in the case of TCP also bidirectional delay – RTT.
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Кейзеров, П. В. "Графічний інтерфейс налаштування технології VRF-Lite." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/82299.
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Була розроблена веб-орієнтована система. Графічний інтерфейс який дозволяє в автоматичному режимі вивести команди для налаштування маршрутизатора, на якому вимагається реалізація віртуальної маршрутизації. Створений графічний інтерфейс дає можливість зменшення часу на конфігурацію маршрутизатора з допомогою генерації команд в автоматичному режимі. Інтерфейс має захист від введення помилкових даних. Реалізація була виконана з допомогою мови програмування JavaScript.
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Тітарєв, А. О. "Інформаційна технологія аналізу мережевого трафiку у локальних мережах з пiдтримкою мулитимедiйних сервісів." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/84126.
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Розроблено веб-орієнтовний графічний інтерфейс для генерування скриптів, за допомого яких можливо налаштувати конфігурацію технології багатомовного транслювання відеопотоку IPTV з технологією QoS. Це рішення дозволяє оптимізувати процес налаштування локальної мережі та пришвидшує процес її аналізу та розгортання на реальному обладнанні. Інтерфейс реалізовано у формі веб-додатку з використанням мови JavaScript.
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Бузова, Г. В. "Організація шифрування даних при передачі в каналі зв’язку на прикладі GRE-тунелю в симуляторі GNS3." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40762.
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Vaľuš, Dávid. "Laboratorní úlohy pro výuku síťových technologií s použitím různých simulačních nástrojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400933.
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This diploma thesis focuses on the preparation of an operating system, a simulation environment and the creation of two laboratory exercises explaining network technologies. In the theoretical part protocols DHCP, FTP, TFTP, HTTP, and NAT service are described. The practical part focuses on the installation of ns-3 and GNS3 programmes and their utilization and settings on OS Ubuntu 18.10. Moreover, it deals with the preparation of laboratory exercises created in the simulation programmes mentioned above together with tutorials, self-check questions and HTTP server in the Python programming language.
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Слабко, Я. О. "Графічний інтерфейс налаштування технології Software Defined WAN ( SD-WAN )." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/82328.
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Був реалізований графічний інтерфейс, головною метою якого стало ознайомлення користувачів із технологією Cisco SD-WAN за допомогою тексту та різноманітних відеорядів. Також інтерфейс оснащений вікнами із уже згенерованими командами, які можна легко скопіювати через кнопку та перенести у консоль приладу, в текстовий редактор або на живе обладнання для налаштування. Програма була реалізована за допомогою мови програмування JavaScript з використанням HTML та CSS.
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Мартиненко, В. В. "Маршрутизація VoIP трафіку у корпоративній мережі Ethernet." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/72167.
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Розроблена веб-орієнтована інформаційна система, графічний інтерфейс якої дозволяє автоматично зконфігурувати інтерфейси роутера, налаштувати підтримку функціоналу VoIP телефонії та її маршрутизація. Система дозволяє зручно перенести згенерований код налаштувань роутера в налаштування реального мережевого обладнання. Систему реалізовано у формі веб-додатку з використанням мови програмування JavaScript.
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Булахова, М. В. "Інформаційна технологія налаштування механізму багатопротокольної комутації за мітками на роутерах Cisco." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/72142.
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Розроблено веб-орієнтовану інформаційну систему, графічний інтерфейс якої дозволяє автоматично зконфігурувати інтерфейси роутера, налаштувати маханізм багатопротокольної комутації за мітками за обраним протоколом (IS-IS, OSPF, RIP, EIGRP). Система дозволяє зручно переносити згенерований код налаштувань роутера в налаштування реального мережевого обладнання. Систему реалізовано у формі веб-додатку з використанням мови програмування JavaScript.
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Chalikosa, Benjamin. "The potential benefits and challenges of using layer 3 IPV6 configuration commands in industrial communication routers and multilayer switches." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66260.
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This study investigates the potential benefits and challenges of using layer 3 Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) configuration commands. Although any other type of layers 3 devices could have been used in this study, only Cisco routers and multilayer switches are considered. The study is conducted using a simulator called Graphical Network Simulator-3 (GNS3). Even though real Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS) software is reliably used in this simulator, an avoidable limitation of this method involves not using this software on real routers and multilayer switches. However, it has been found that contrary to Cisco documentation, using the outgoing local interface as next hop address causes IPv6 static routing not to work; it only works when the neighbouring global unicast address is used as the next hop address. Other findings show that when static addresses are configured with Routing Information Protocol Next Generation (RIPng), Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol version 6 (EIGRPv6) or Open Shortest Path First version 3 (OSPFv3), RIPng has the best round-trip time (RTT), while OSPFv3 gives the best traceroute results. Likewise, 64-bit Extended Unique Identifier (EUI-64) addresses produce better RTT and traceroute results with RIPng than with EIGRPv6 and OSPFv3. Nonetheless, one challenge for RIPng involves failure to start the RIPng process by misconfiguring the ipv6 router rip name and ipv6 rip name enable commands. The benefit of EIGRPv6 is that its RTT is faster than that of OSPFv3 and even if the router identifiers (router-ids) are configured the same on all the routers, the EIGRPv6 process still works well. However, configuring different autonomous system numbers and failing to configure the "no shutdown" or router-id commands results in routing challenges. On the other hand, configuring the same router-id on different layer 3 devices causes OSPFv3 not to work. In spite of this challenge, when OSPFv3 is used with Hot Standby Router Protocol version 2 (HSRPv2), it generates faster RTT than EIGRPv6 and RIPng. However, the success rate of OSPFv3 for failover time of the active router to the standby router is 4% lower than EIGRPv6. In comparison to Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4), configuring of static and EUI-64 address commands is a very challenging task, because of the hexadecimal nature of IPv6 addresses. Despite this challenge, one benefit of these commands is the ability to use slash notation such as /64 for the prefix length. When used on dual stack commands, static addresses give better native router processing performance with no encapsulation overheads. However, configuring these addresses on dual stack commands in large networks is a challenge. With regard to manual IPv6 tunnelling, configuring the tunnel interface addresses in the same network and failure to configure the tunnel mode ipv6ip command, prevents this technique from working. Although IPv6 static Network Address Translation-Protocol Translation (NAT-PT) commands are easy to configure and to troubleshoot, the NAT-PT router raises the challenge of being a single point of failure in the network. On the whole, given these benefits and challenges, implementing IPv6 in industrial networks should not be scary. The results of this study are useful guidelines on how to efficiently design and configure IPv6 networks in a smooth way.Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted
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Cigánek, Josef. "Základní vlastnosti síťových protokolů a komunikačních technik." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412999.
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The diploma thesis is focused on the basic properties of network protocols. The main task is to create laboratory tasks that deal with the basic features of network protocols and communication techniques, along with detailed instructions for students of communication technologies. The theoretical part of thesis acquaints the reader with the topic of computer networks and the basic network protocols of the TCP/IP architecture, which occur within the created lab. The practical part contains a selection of testing environment and subsequent description of installation and preparation of selected GNS3 environment. Finally are presented labs, which have been created. First lab deals with the basic differences between TCP and UDP. The second lab is focused on the issue of multicast and the third deals with the basics of penetration testing.
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Дмітрієв, Богдан Васильович. "Базова телекомунікаційна мережа на основі технології MPLS." Бакалаврська робота, Хмельницький національний університет, 2021. http://elar.khnu.km.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/10410.
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У цій роботі було створено телекомунікаційну мережу на основі технології MPLS, де основою взята проста IP мережа у яку встановлено даний протокол маршрутизації. Здійснюється реалізація мережі в програмному середовищі GNS3, де показано наглядно маршрутизацію пакеті, та управління конфігурацією мережі. Побудова мережі може бути використана як схема побудови власної мережі для потреб компанії чи особисто.
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Hricko, Tomáš. "Laboratorní úlohy osvětlující princip síťových technologií a protokolů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412989.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to create two exercises for students. The first exercise is concerned with comparison of transport protocols TCP and UDP. The second exercise is concerned with comparison of routing protocols OSPF and RIP. The first part describes used simulation environment. The next part describes the operating system used in routers. The following part describes the procedure of installing virtual machines. The next part consists of theory of protocols TCP, UDP, OSPF and RIP. The last two chapters are the laboratory exercises.
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Antoshchenko, І. М. "Динамічна маршрутизація з використанням протоколу пограничної маршрутизації BGP." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/76457.
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Ульянік, О. М. "Графічний інтерфейс налаштування набору технологій DMVPN(Multipoint GRE+NHRP) over IPsec." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/82385.
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Розроблена веб-орієнтована інформаційна система, графічний інтерфейс якої дозволяє вибрати необхідні налаштування, автоматично конфігурувати інтерфейси роутера, налаштувати на маршрутизаторах конфігурацію захищених мереж DMVPN over IPsec. Система дозволяє зручно перенести згенерований код налаштувань роутера в налаштування реального мережевого обладнання. Система має пояснювальну записку щодо отриманих команд, а також має захист від невірно введених початкових даних. Систему реалізовано у формі веб-додатку з використанням мови програмування JavaScript.
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Єрмак, Ю. М. "Сервіси VoIP та IPTV в мережі Ethernet." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/72254.
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Було проведено дослідження у ході якого виявлено, що процес конфігурації мультисервісних мереж вимагає багато часу адміністратора. Розроблено програмне забезпечення, графічний інтерфейс
якого дозволяє автоматично зконфігурувати інтерфейси роутера, налаштувати сервіси за обраною технологією VoIP або IPTV (multicast). Система дозволяє швидко та зручно перенести згенерований код налаштувань маршрутизатора в налаштування реального мережевого обладнання. Систему реалізовано у формі програмного забезпечення з графічним інтерфейсом з використанням мови програмування Java.
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Koláčková, Aneta. "Simulační scénáře pro analýzu chování transportních sítí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400943.
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This master’s thesis deals with the issue of mobile networks, protocol suite TCP/IP and routing protocols. It focuses in particular on the functioning of the transport part of the third and fourth generation mobile networks and intends to fnd the most suitable options for their emulation. The master’s thesis compares two selected emulation programs through a series of tests that were performed on a server created for these purposes. The main outputs are two detailed comprehensive scenarios and solutions have been developed. The frst scenario deals with the overall transport network confguration. The second scenario is based on the frst one and is focused on troubleshooting of particular issues in this network. Their implementation helps to analyze the behavior of the transport part of the mobile network.
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Jedlička, Petr. "Softwarový přijímač GNSS." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413152.
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The thesis deals with the analysis and the reception of the freely available signals of the navigation satellites in the L1 and E1 bands of the GPS and Galileo systems. The described signal reception sections include the process of the acquisition, the carrier frequency and phase synchronization and tracking, the spreading code phase tracking, the signal demodulation and the channel decoding. The simulation of the entire receiver is performed in MATLAB. The deeply analyzed signal reception component is the one responsible for the carrier phase and frequency synchronization and tracking. In that case, more methods and their comparison are usually listed. The signal reception component, which is responsible for the carrier phase and frequency tracking and the spreading code phase tracking, is also implemented in FPGA.
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Marques, Heloísa Alves Silva [UNESP]. "Modelo estocástico para dados GNSS e séries temporais de coordenadas GNSS." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108612.
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000758352.pdf: 6791091 bytes, checksum: 54f40e4f8672f601934bd9bbf7eadbfe (MD5)Os modelos funcionais relacionados com as observações GNSS são mais conhecidos do que os modelos estocásticos, visto que o desenvolvimento destes últimos é mais complexo. Normalmente, utilizam-se modelos estocásticos numa forma simplificada, como o modelo padrão, o qual assume que todas as medidas das observações GNSS têm a mesma variância e são estatisticamente independentes, espacialmente e temporalmente. Porém, tal suposição não reflete a realidade. Desta forma, atualmente os modelos estocásticos vêm sendo pesquisados com maior profundidade, por exemplo, considerando correlação temporal, cintilação ionosférica, dentre outros. O Brasil, por estar numa região geomagnética equatorial, sofre forte influência de cintilação ionosférica e outros efeitos relacionados à ionosfera. Tendo em vista a recente tecnologia de receptores GNSS que proporciona a possibilidade de se obter parâmetros de cintilação ionosférica, este efeito é factível de ser considerado na modelagem estocástica. Mesmo com a realização de uma modelagem estocástica adequada no processamento de dados GNSS, ainda podem restar erros não-modelados (ruídos), os quais devem contaminar as séries temporais das coordenadas obtidas com as observáveis GNSS, em especial aqueles relacionados com fatores que extrapolam a duração de uma dia, que é o período em geral utilizado na modelagem e processamento dos dados. Desta forma, tais ruídos podem ser caracterizados a partir das componentes de variância dos ruídos das séries temporais. Sendo assim, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo expandir as investigações com relação à modelagem estocástica das observações GNSS considerando principalmente os efeitos de cintilação ionosférica na região brasileira...
Functional models related to GNSS observations are better known than the stochastic models because the development these last one is more complex. Generally, stochastic models are applied in a simplified form, as the standard model, which assumes that all GNSS measurements have the same variance and are statistically independent, spatially and temporally. However, this assumption does not reflect the reality. Therefore, currently the stochastic models have been investigated more deeply, for instance, considering time correlation, ionospheric scintillation, among others. Brazil is located in the equatorial geomagnetic region and because of this suffers strong influence of ionospheric scintillation and other effects related to the ionosphere. Considering the recent technology of the GNSS receivers, that provide ways to obtain parameters of ionospheric scintillation, this effect is feasible of being considered in the stochastic modeling. Even if an adequate stochastic modeling could be applied in the GNSS data processing, it still may remain non-modeled errors (noise) that can influence the coordinate’s time series, especially those related to factors that go beyond the duration of one day, which is in general the interval (one day) used in the modeling and data processing. Thus, such noise can be characterized from the noise variance components of the time series. Therefore, this research aimed to expand the investigations regarding the stochastic modeling of GNSS observations mainly considering the ionospheric scintillation effects in the Brazilian region. Furthermore, it also aims to perform investigations related to methodologies for the noise characterization in the GNSS coordinates time series and establish a methodology for building functional models of these series...
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Marques, Heloísa Alves Silva. "Modelo estocástico para dados GNSS e séries temporais de coordenadas GNSS /." Presidente Prudente, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108612.
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Orientador: João Francisco Galera MonicoCoorientador: Manoel Ivanildo Silvestre Bezerra
Banca: Silvio Rogério Correia de Freitas
Banca: Eunice Menezes de Souza
Banca: Vilma Mayumi Tachibana
Banca: Daniele Barroca Marra Alves
Resumo: Os modelos funcionais relacionados com as observações GNSS são mais conhecidos do que os modelos estocásticos, visto que o desenvolvimento destes últimos é mais complexo. Normalmente, utilizam-se modelos estocásticos numa forma simplificada, como o modelo padrão, o qual assume que todas as medidas das observações GNSS têm a mesma variância e são estatisticamente independentes, espacialmente e temporalmente. Porém, tal suposição não reflete a realidade. Desta forma, atualmente os modelos estocásticos vêm sendo pesquisados com maior profundidade, por exemplo, considerando correlação temporal, cintilação ionosférica, dentre outros. O Brasil, por estar numa região geomagnética equatorial, sofre forte influência de cintilação ionosférica e outros efeitos relacionados à ionosfera. Tendo em vista a recente tecnologia de receptores GNSS que proporciona a possibilidade de se obter parâmetros de cintilação ionosférica, este efeito é factível de ser considerado na modelagem estocástica. Mesmo com a realização de uma modelagem estocástica adequada no processamento de dados GNSS, ainda podem restar erros não-modelados (ruídos), os quais devem contaminar as séries temporais das coordenadas obtidas com as observáveis GNSS, em especial aqueles relacionados com fatores que extrapolam a duração de uma dia, que é o período em geral utilizado na modelagem e processamento dos dados. Desta forma, tais ruídos podem ser caracterizados a partir das componentes de variância dos ruídos das séries temporais. Sendo assim, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo expandir as investigações com relação à modelagem estocástica das observações GNSS considerando principalmente os efeitos de cintilação ionosférica na região brasileira...
Abstract: Functional models related to GNSS observations are better known than the stochastic models because the development these last one is more complex. Generally, stochastic models are applied in a simplified form, as the standard model, which assumes that all GNSS measurements have the same variance and are statistically independent, spatially and temporally. However, this assumption does not reflect the reality. Therefore, currently the stochastic models have been investigated more deeply, for instance, considering time correlation, ionospheric scintillation, among others. Brazil is located in the equatorial geomagnetic region and because of this suffers strong influence of ionospheric scintillation and other effects related to the ionosphere. Considering the recent technology of the GNSS receivers, that provide ways to obtain parameters of ionospheric scintillation, this effect is feasible of being considered in the stochastic modeling. Even if an adequate stochastic modeling could be applied in the GNSS data processing, it still may remain non-modeled errors (noise) that can influence the coordinate's time series, especially those related to factors that go beyond the duration of one day, which is in general the interval (one day) used in the modeling and data processing. Thus, such noise can be characterized from the noise variance components of the time series. Therefore, this research aimed to expand the investigations regarding the stochastic modeling of GNSS observations mainly considering the ionospheric scintillation effects in the Brazilian region. Furthermore, it also aims to perform investigations related to methodologies for the noise characterization in the GNSS coordinates time series and establish a methodology for building functional models of these series...
Doutor
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Oliveira, Priscylla Angélica da Silva. "Fusão INS/GNSS com auxílio de medidas de baseline e ângulo GNSS." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2014. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3171.
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Este trabalho investiga sistemas de navegação INS/GNSS auxiliado por medidas de baseline e ângulo GNSS. Os dados gerados para as simulações foram os dados IMU, dados GNSS e informações de baseline e ângulo GNSS. Estas informações, determinadas a partir de um sistema multiantenas para o posicionamento simples e relativo e no método direto, respectivamente, foram utilizadas como medidas auxiliares para a fusão INS/GNSS. Foi estudada a influência dessas medidas auxiliares nas estimativas de atitude do navegador, mais especificamente no ângulo de yaw, pois o acoplamento da dinâmica do sistema com este ângulo é fraco. Assim, a principal contribuição das medidas adicionais ocorre para este ângulo. Adicionalmente, foi feito um estudo da navegação INS/GNSS usando dados reais SIG-IMU/NAVCON para análise dos biase, baseado em um maior número de realizações, analisou-se a influência do valor de estimativa do erro de atitude do navegador INS/GNSS no erro máximo de posição. Uma interface gráfica foi aprimorada de modo a facilitar as mudanças nos parâmetros do sistema e as simulações dos vários casos, tais como navegação INS/GNSS sem auxílio e com auxílio de baseline e ângulo GNSS, falha do sinal GNSS e navegação INS/GNSS utilizando dados reais.
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Taha, Ahmad Adnan Mohammad. "Mapping the underworld : integrated GNSS based positioning and GIS based GNSS simulation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10607/.
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The United Kingdom utility services are facing the challenge of "mapping the underworld" over four million kilometres of buried pipes and cables (a combination of water, sewage, gas, electricity and drainage). Having accurately mapped pipes and cables increases the efficiency of street works projects, but many existing pipes and cables were only mapped relative to other topographic map features and to varying levels of accuracy. The aim of this thesis is to research various means of improving the positional accuracy of underground utilities in built-up areas through the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), integrated with other positioning systems such as Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) and total stations. The reliability and accuracy of the integrated system is an underpinning issue and this thesis looks at testing both current and future GNSS constellations in a controlled environment at the University of Nottingham campus. GNSS integrated with an INS in the first instance, and integrated with a total-station in the second instance, are tested using a network of established points in urban canyon environments on the campus. Several, new technologies were developed by the author including: Urban Canyon GNSS Simulation (UCGS) - a GIS tool; Multiple Step Integration Technique (MSIT) - a methodology for GNSS/INS data collection and processing; and Continuous Updating Technique (CUPT) - a software for GNSS/total-station integration. The results of different simulations provide evidence that using more than one GNSS constellation will significantly increase the availability of GNSS positions in urban canyon environments. However, position availability using the criteria of 5 or more satellites with a Position Dilution Of Precision (PDOP) value of 6 or less for centimetre level is not guaranteed 100% of the time when using GNSS alone. Considering the results of the integrated GNSS/INS system, the position availability was guaranteed 100% of the time in all environments, but the accuracy is not enough to meet utility service requirements. The best results used GNSS integrated with a total-station and showed that, in this case, position availability to a centimetre level of accuracy can be guaranteed 100% of the time in all environments.
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Puchrik, Lukáš. "Aspekty vyhodnocení měření GNSS." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392288.
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The thesis deals with processing of epoch-wise GNSS measurements from local geodynamic network Sněžník. Its aim is to evaluate the geodynamics in the area of Králický Sněžník Massif and to assess the capabilities of epoch-wise GNSS measurements to detect the geodynamic movements. Within the thesis the comprehensive processing of all the GNSS measurements observed between years 1997 and 2011 is realized using the reprocessed products of first IGS reprocessing Repro1. Bernese GPS software version 5.0 is used for all the processing.
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Beneš, Jiří. "Měření parametrů GNSS přijímačů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413203.
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Goal of this thesis is to propose and realize a viable method to determine static a dynamic parameters of GNSS receivers. Thesis begins with research of GNSS, foremostly determining position and associated uncertainties of measurement. Following chapter contains research of GNSS receivers, data flow and methods of evaluating parameters of such measurements. Summary of obtained information is then used to schedule measurements, assemble experiment and create evaluating metrics. Main selected evaluating metric is weighted histogram of deviations with extended information. Aplication of proposed metrics onto measurements of GNSS receivers augments available information of GNSS receiver accuracy for whole range of values. This metrics also supplies additional statistical information about course of measurement.
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Elmas, Zeynep Günsu. "Exploiting new GNSS signals to monitor, model and mitigate the ionospheric effects in GNSS." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28418/.
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Signals broadcast by the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) enable global, autonomous, geo-spatial positioning exploited in the areas such as geodesy, surveying, transportation and agriculture. The propagation of these signals is affected as they propagate through the Earth's upper atmosphere, the ionosphere, due to the ionic and electronic structure of the ionosphere. The ionosphere, a highly dynamic and spatially and temporally variable medium, can be the largest error source in Global Navigation Satellite System (Klobuchar 1991) in the absence of the Selective Availability. Propagation effects due to the ionosphere lead to errors in the range measurements, impact on receiver signal tracking performance and influence the GNSS positioning solution. The range error can vary from 1 to 100m depending on time of day, season, receiver location, conditions of the earth's magnetic field and solar activity (Hofmann-Wellenhof et al. 2001). This thesis focuses on modelling, monitoring and mitigating the ionospheric effects in GNSS within the scope of GNSS modernization, which introduces new signals, satellites and constellations. The ionosphere and its effects on GNSS signals, impact of the ionospheric effects at the receiver end, predicted error bounds of these effects under different solar, geomagnetic and ionospheric conditions, how these effects can be modelled and monitored with current and new (possible with GNSS modernization) correction approaches, degradation in the GNSS positioning solution and mitigation techniques to counter such degradation are investigated in this thesis. Field recorded and simulated data are considered for studying the refractive and diffractive effects of the ionosphere on GNSS signals, signal tracking performance and position solution. Data from mid-to-high latitudes is investigated for the refractive effects, which are due to dispersive nature of the ionosphere. With the use of multi-frequency, multi-constellation receivers, modelling of the refractive effects is discussed through elimination and estimation of these effects on the basis of dual and triple frequency approaches, concentrating on the benefit of the new GNSS signals. Data from the low latitudes is considered for studying the diffractive effects of the ionosphere, scintillation in particular, in GNSS positioning, and possible mitigation techniques to counter them. Scintillation can have a considerable impact on the performance of GNSS positioning by, for instance, increasing the probability of losing phase lock with a signal and reducing the accuracy of pseudoranges and phase measurements. In this sense, the impact of scintillation on signal tracking performance and position solution is discussed, where a novel approach is proposed for assessing the variance of the signal tracking error during scintillation. The proposed approach also contributes to the work related with scintillation mitigation, as discussed in this thesis. The timeliness of this PhD due to the recent and increasingly active period of the next Solar Cycle (predicted to reach a peak around 2013) and to the ongoing GNSS modernization give this research an opportunity to enhance the ionospheric knowledge, expertise and data archive at NGI, which is rewarding not only for this PhD but also for future research in this area.
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Younes, Abdelrazak. "Théorie séquentielle appliquée au contrôle de l'intégrité du GNSS et à l'hybridation GNSS/INS." Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT044H.
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Un récepteur GPS (Système de Positionnement Global par satellite) permet à son utilisateur de connaître sa position et sa vitesse à tout moment et à tout endroit du globe. Malheureusement, le GPS ne peut satisfaire à lui seul les exigences de l'OACI (Organisation de l'Aviation Civile Internationale) pour devenir un moyen unique de navigation. Il doit être amélioré pour cela. Une des principales limitations du GPS est son intégrité. Celle-ci peut être améliorée grâce à une augmentation du GPS ou par son hybridation avec un autre système de navigation. Au niveau du récepteur GPS, un module RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) est proposé pour effectuer le contrôle autonome de l'intégrité du système. Ce module se sert de la redondance inhérente aux mesures GPS pour s'assurer qu'aucune panne n'affecte la solution GPS de navigation. En cas de panne, le RAIM doit aussi pouvoir rapidement détecter cette panne et exclure le satellite qui est en cause. Il existe deux sortes de RAIMs : le RAIM Snapshot n'utilise que les mesures GPS instantanées alors que le RAIM Séquentiel se sert de toutes les mesures passées et présentes pour décider de l'intégrité du système. La géométrie des satellites utilisée pour la solution de navigation peut nuire à la détection et/ou l'isolation d'une panne. Dans ces cas de figure, des tests sur mesures réelles et des simulations montrent que le RAIM Séquentiel est beaucoup plus performant que le RAIM Snapshot. De cette capacité à fonctionner sous des conditions adverses, la disponibilité du GPS lorsqu'il est contrôlé par un RAIM Séquentiel est naturellement améliorée. Beaucoup d'avions civils intègrent un Système de Navigation Inertielle (INS). Grâce à leur grande complémentarité, l'hybridation des systèmes GPS et INS peut devenir un moyen unique de navigation pour certaines phases de vol. Dans ce système, il faut s'assurer que la solution GPS utilisée pour recaler la solution INS soit intègre. C'est ce que permet le RAIM Séquentiel grâce à ses qualités théoriques (vérifiées par simulations). Un schéma d'hybridation exploitant ces qualités est présenté.
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Porter, Michael Howard. "A Performance Analysis of Two Civilian GNSS Receivers in a GNSS Contested Laboratory Environment." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1564433045685393.
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Wildt, Steffen. "Mehrwegeausbreitung bei GNSS-gestützter Positionsbestimmung." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1184854117028-32899.
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GNSS-Messungen werden neben systembedingten Fehlereinflüssen vor allem von den Auswirkungen der Mehrwegeausbreitung und Signalbeugung insbesondere in der Empfangsumgebung dominiert. Verschiedene Dienste z.B. der Landesvermessungsämter haben deshalb ein primäres Interesse daran, die Auswirkungen der Effekte möglichst gering zu halten oder aber genau bestimmen zu können, um Korrekturwerte zu generieren. Mehrwege- und Beugungseffekte lassen sich besonders innerhalb von Netzstrukturen gut bestimmen. Liegen Sollkoordinaten aller Beobachtungsstationen vor gelingt dies auch in Echtzeit. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden neben einer detaillierten Beschreibung der jeweiligen Einflussgrößen auch Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, die genannten Effekte zu erkennen und Maßnahmen zur Reduktion der Auswirkungen auf das Meßergebnis zu ergreifen. Kern der Untersuchungen ist ein zweistufiges Modell zur Reduzierung von Mehrwegeeffekten in Echtzeit innerhalb von (Referenz-) Stationsnetzen durch Bestimmung von Korrekturwerten für originale und abgeleitete Meßwerte pro Epoche, Station und Satellit.
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Shokouh, Jalil. "Detecting GNSS Attacks on Smartphones." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationsnät, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-137109.
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There has been a significant growth in Location-Based Services (LBS) on mobileapplications. These applications provide service to users based on theirgeographical locations. Emergency services, tracking, navigation, advertisingand social networking are examples of them. As the majority of today’s mobilephones are equipped with GPS receivers, GPS positioning has become one ofthe primary methods for obtaining users’ location. Moreover, GPS providesaccurate time service and many applications specially for time synchronizationare relying on GPS. Despite the good accuracy it provides, security is notconsidered from scratch in civilian GPS and its signals are weak, vulnerable tospoofing and prone to jamming. As it has become a more and more valuableresource, malicious agents have also become keener to identify and abuse theweaknesses in order to interrupt users or commit fraud. That is why therehave been continuous alerts about insecurity in civilian GPS in scholarly andacademic publications. A considerable amount of research has been conductedto tackle the problem of insecurity in GPS, but proposed solutions need eitherfundamental changes in GPS signal structure or more sophisticated types ofreceivers. As changes in GPS signal structure need time, money and politicalwill, this work works on a method to detect spoofing of GPS signals based onthe current GPS signal structure and receivers on mobile phones. We crosscheckpositioning and time information by comparing it with other sourcesof information. GPS positioning data are compared with the user’s positionderived from Wi-Fi positioning and cell positioning and the distance betweenthose is shown to the user. The system also keeps the recent distances and ifthose positions are moving away from each other, it notifies the user about thissuspicious behaviour. Regarding verification of the GPS time, it is comparedwith a time server on the internet. An Android application was designed anddeveloped to implement this method. Then experimental evaluations wereperformed in the urban area of the city of Stockholm. Results show that thesystem can perform positioning with mean value of 50 meter accuracy anddetect simulated spoofing attack. Moreover, it detects the suspicious behaviourif the calculated position and GPS position are gradually moving away fromeach other.
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Andreas, Svensson, and Robin Nabrink. "GNSS-Styrning : Information för platschefer." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för energi-, miljö- och byggteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-30711.
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Nicolaïdès, Dimitri P. "GNSS-legal and institutional issues." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20224.
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Should civil aviation reach its promising full potential, it will inevitably be through the use and reliance upon Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and its innovative technologies. At present only one option seems clearly and 'directly' operational for the civil aviation challenge, and that is a---USA owned and controlled---GPS based GNSS.This thesis will critically discuss the legal and institutional issues of the GNSS. The issues considered will be based upon the discussions and conclusions recently reached within ICAO. The object of this thesis is to compare, contrast and criticise ICAO's international law-making propositions, related to GNSS, in the fight of the 'practical reality' varying from the users' demands and expectations, passing through the lack of practical experiences, to the USA monopoly as sole basic signal provider.
Whilst ICAO is undeniably a great contributor to global development of civil aviation, it seems that in the case of GNSS implementation, ICAO's role is limited by both its mandate, but equally a lack of political consensus upon potential 'solutions' to hypothetical problems.
The research is based on materials and documents available by the end of May 1997 and does not take into account the later developments in ICAO discussions.
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Bensoussan, Denis. "GNSS and Galileo Liability Aspects." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=93845.
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In the next coming years global satellite navigation systems (GNSS) will make part of our daily life, as the world is becoming "GNSS-dependant in the same way that it has become Internet-dependant". Indeed, more than ten years folowing the opening up to civilians of satellite-based navigation systems initially designed for military purposes, civil satellite navigation applications are becoming more and more numerous. The potential benefits have proven enormous in terms of transport safety and efficiency as well as for non-transport-related industries.Dans les toutes prochaines années, les systèmes globaux de navigation par satellite (GNSS) feront partie intégrante de notre vie quotidienne. En effet, un peu plus de dix ans après la libéralisation de l'accès des civils aux systèmes de navigation par satellite initialement conçus à des fins militaires, les applications civiles permises par la navigation par satellite sont de plus en plus nombreuses et les bénéfices potentiels sont énormes en matière de sécurité et d'efficacité des transports comme pour d'autres secteurs et industries. fr
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Nicolaides, Dimitri P. "GNSS, legal and institutional issues." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ44069.pdf.
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Bock, Olivier. "GNSS: géodésie, météorologie et climat." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00851617.
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Les systèmes de positionnement et de navigation par satellite (GNSS) ont connu un formidable essor au cours des deux dernières décennies au point d'être aujourd'hui un élément technologique universel. Le recours au positionnement précis par satellite est intégré à notre vie quotidienne: puces GPS intégrées dans les téléphones portables, systèmes de radionavigation utilisés pour le guidage d'engins agricoles, l'approche aérienne et maritime. Les stations GNSS déployées dans les réseaux géodésiques permanents participent au maintien des références géodésiques nationales et internationales et à la prévision météorologique. Ces applications scientifiques requièrent une mise en œuvre rigoureuse des équipements et un traitement sophistiqué des mesures. Une limitation de précision commune vient la présence d'erreurs dans les mesures dues à la traversée de l'atmosphère. L'amélioration des méthodes de correction de la propagation des signaux radiofréquence dans l'atmosphère a permis au cours des dix dernières années d'atteindre une précision sub-centimétrique en positionnement vertical et de faire des GNSS une technique de référence pour le sondage de la vapeur d'eau dans la troposphère. Ce manuscrit rassemble les résultats des recherches que j'ai développées au LATMOS et à l'IGN depuis une douzaine d'années dans le domaine du positionnement précis par GPS, de la télédétection de la vapeur d'eau atmosphérique par GPS et lidar Raman, et de l'étude du cycle de l'eau atmosphérique au moyen de systèmes d'observations et de modèles de prévision météorologique.
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Wildt, Steffen. "Mehrwegeausbreitung bei GNSS-gestützter Positionsbestimmung." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2003. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23925.
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GNSS-Messungen werden neben systembedingten Fehlereinflüssen vor allem von den Auswirkungen der Mehrwegeausbreitung und Signalbeugung insbesondere in der Empfangsumgebung dominiert. Verschiedene Dienste z.B. der Landesvermessungsämter haben deshalb ein primäres Interesse daran, die Auswirkungen der Effekte möglichst gering zu halten oder aber genau bestimmen zu können, um Korrekturwerte zu generieren. Mehrwege- und Beugungseffekte lassen sich besonders innerhalb von Netzstrukturen gut bestimmen. Liegen Sollkoordinaten aller Beobachtungsstationen vor gelingt dies auch in Echtzeit. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden neben einer detaillierten Beschreibung der jeweiligen Einflussgrößen auch Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, die genannten Effekte zu erkennen und Maßnahmen zur Reduktion der Auswirkungen auf das Meßergebnis zu ergreifen. Kern der Untersuchungen ist ein zweistufiges Modell zur Reduzierung von Mehrwegeeffekten in Echtzeit innerhalb von (Referenz-) Stationsnetzen durch Bestimmung von Korrekturwerten für originale und abgeleitete Meßwerte pro Epoche, Station und Satellit.
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Chmelař, Jakub. "Mobilní robot s GNSS navigací." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376999.
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The diploma thesis is focused on the topic of global satellite navigation of mobile robots. The paper describes the principle of currently available global satellite navigation systems. The main element of the thesis is the proposal of mobile robot navigation algorithm. An integral part is also the design of a mobile robot to verify the functionality of the navigation algorithm. The robot software program is described. At the end, everything is verified by real experiments.
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Offenbacher, Carolina, and Ellen Thornström. "Ionospheric Models for GNSS Measurements." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277711.
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There is an increasing demand for higher precision when using Global Navigation Satellite Systems, GNSS, for positioning. The measurement uncertainty depends on multiple factors and one of them is the ionosphere. Due to the ionosphere being ionized and contains free electrons, satellite signals that propagates the ionosphere will be affected by the total electron content, TEC. There is no way to reduce the errors caused by the ionosphere for single frequency measuring, but it can be done for dual frequencies. The objective for this study was to compare different websites modeling results for disturbance on ground and ionospheric turbulence. Three websites were used in the comparison: Swedish SWEPOS, Norwegian seSolstorm and German IMPC. Due to different content on the websites, SWEPOS was compared with seSolstorm and IMPC was compared to seSolstorm on five different dates. In total 10 comparisons were made. The websites were evaluated on four criteria, designed from the point of view of a land surveyor: user friendliness, graphical representation, knowledge requirement and mobile website adaptation. Each criterion was graded on a scale from 1–5, where 5 was considered the best. The study showed that the modeling results from the websites differed and that the difference can not only be explained by different graphical representation or scales for measure. The results for the evaluation and grading of the websites where as follows: SWEPOS 16, seSolstorm 13 and IMPC 12. This makes SWEPOS the best suited website to use for a land surveyor.Vid positionsbestämning finns det ett behov av högre precision vid användandet av Global Navigation Satellite Systems, GNSS. Mätosäkerheten beror av ett flertal faktorer och en av dem är jonosfären. Tack vare att jonosfären är joniserad och innehåller fria elektroner kommer satellitsignaler som färdas genom jonosfären att påverkas av det totala elektroninnehållet, TEC. Det finns idag inget sätt för enkel frekvensmätning att eliminera den mätosäkerhet som uppstår till följd av jonosfäriska störningar, däremot är det möjligt att modellera för dessa störningar då två frekvenser används. Målet för denna studie var att jämföra olika webbplatsers modelleringsresultat för störningar på marknivå och för jonosfärisk turbulens. Tre webbplatser användes i jämförelsen: svenska SWEPOS, norska seSolstorm och tyska IMPC. På grund av att hemsidorna hade olika innehåll gällande modelleringar jämfördes SWEPOS med seSolstorm, medan IMPC jämfördes med seSolstorm. Totalt gjordes 10 jämförelser för fem olika datum. Webbplatserna utvärderades utifrån fyra kriterier vilka var utformade utifrån en mätteknikers synvinkel: användarvänlighet, grafisk representation, kunskapsbehov och mobil webbplatsanpassning. Varje kriterium betygsattes på en skala från 1–5, där 5 ansågs vara det bästa. Studien visade att modelleringsresultaten från webbplatserna skilde sig åt och att skillnaden inte kunde förklaras med olika grafiska framställningar eller skalstorlek. Resultaten för utvärdering och betygsättning av webbplatserna var följande: SWEPOS 16, seSolstorm 13 och IMPC 12. Detta gjorde SWEPOS till den bäst lämpade webbplatsen att använda för en mättekniker.
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Törnqvist, Jonas. "En osäkerhetsundersökning av GNSS-mottagare." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-56723.
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Today, GNSS measurements play an important role in the surveying industry, and their use is ever increasing. Many different GNSS receivers and antenna manufacturers are on the market with new ones appearing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of measurement uncertainty of three different GNSS receivers: Leica GS15, Sokkia GCX2 and Satlab SL300. The method in this study is based mainly on the method proposed by HMK - Geodatakvalitet 2015 (Manual in measurement and map issues – Geographic data quality 2015 [author’s translation]) by Swedish Lantmäteriet for "Evaluation of measurement uncertainty in Network RTK [author’s translation]”. Some corrections and additions are made to this method but the basis of the method is retrieved from there. Formulas are used to calculate radial deviation and limit requirements for these. Even standard deviations and radial mean deviations as well as tolerances for these are calculated. The field measurements are made on two RIX 95-points. This is done repeatedly to get up to 20 measurements. The GNSS receivers are mounted on a tripod with a tribrach that is centered over the known points. The main finding from this study is that all investigated receivers, apart from four overriding values for the Leica GS15, perform better than specified by their manufacturers. However, Sokkia GCX2 and Satlab SL300 are approved with uncertainties within the calculated tolerances. The Leica GS15 instrument is very close to meeting the demands but does not reach all the way. A committed error during the performed measurements with the Satlab SL300 makes its evaluation based on 19 instead of 20 measurements. Still, calculations are performed on the collected data that resulted in low measurement uncertainties well below the manufacturer's specified uncertainty. The study was conducted during five weeks in May and June 2017.
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Конин, Валерий Викторвич, Valeriy Konin, Алексей Сергеевич Погурельский, Olexiy Pogurelskiy, Татьяна Леонидовна Малютенко, Tetiana Maliutenko, Ирина Анатольевна Приходько, and Irina Pryhodko. "Компоненты GNSS в среде MаtLab." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2019. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53562.
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Глобальные навигационные спутниковые системы все чаще используются для решения навигационной задачи в разных сферах экономики: картография, геодезия, управление наземным, воздушным, морським и космическим транспортом.
Навигационные спутниковые системы предназначены для определения местоположения движущегося объекта в пространстве и его скорости в определенный момент времени, а также осуществляют координацию времени.Національний авіаційний університет
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Raizner, Carina. "A regional analysis of GNSS-Levelling." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-34801.
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Stenberg, Niklas. "Spoofing Mitigation Using Multiple GNSS-Receivers." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158461.
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Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are used in a multitude of civilian as well as security related applications. GNSS-receivers are vulnerable to different types of spoofing attacks where the receiver is ``tricked'' to provide false position and time estimates. These attacks could have serious implications; hence, it is important to develop GNSS-receivers that are robust against spoofing attacks. This thesis investigates the use of multiple GNSS-receivers that exchange information such as pseudorange or carrier phase measurements in order to perform spoofing mitigation. It has previously been shown that carrier phase measurements from multiple receivers can be used to identify spoofing signals. The focus in this thesis is on investigating the possibility of using pseudorange measurements from two receivers to perform spoofing mitigation. The use of pseudoranges to perform spoofing mitigation is compared to the use of carrier phases. The spoofing attack is assumed to be performed using a single transmission antenna. This is exploited in order to identify the spoofing signals. The spoofing mitigation algorithms compute, for a pair of receivers, either pseudorange or carrier phase double differences. A double difference is the difference of two single differences for a satellite pair, where the single difference is the difference of pseudoranges or carrier phases measured from one satellite by a pair of receivers. The spoofing mitigation involves the identification of spoofing signals based on these calculated pseudorange or carrier phase double differences. The measurements obtained from identified spoofing signals are not used by the receivers in subsequent computations of position, velocity and time, thereby mitigating the effects of the spoofing attack. The spoofing mitigation algorithms were evaluated with the help of the software-defined GNSS-receiver GNSS-SDR, which was modified to acquire and track both authentic signals and spoofed signals. The spoofing mitigation algorithms were implemented and evaluated in MATLAB. Simulated meaconing attacks were created using a Spirent GNSS simulator. The evaluations indicate that spoofing mitigation is possible using pseudorange measurements from two receivers. However, the performance of the spoofing mitigation algorithms deteriorates for short distances between the receivers when pseudorange measurements are used. The use of carrier phase measurements for spoofing mitigation appears to be more appropriate for short distances between the receivers. The use of pseudoranges enabled quite fast identification of the spoofing signals for larger distances between the receivers. Most spoofing signals are identified within 30 seconds using pseudoranges and for distances larger than 20 meter between the receivers.
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Niemi, Magnus. "GNSS-mätning: idag och i framtiden." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-73344.
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This report shows the difference between today's geodetic measurementsand the one that comes withGalileo and Beidou included. As new GNSSequipment supporting Galileo and Beidou begins to be used, what are the differences and what can be expected by users in the future?This report addresses current theory of sources of error and satellite geometry to highlight the problems associated with GNSS. Based on the sources of error and satellite geometry, the results will be presentedand discussed at the end of the report.
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Stephenson, Scott. "Automotive applications of high precision GNSS." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/38716/.
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This thesis aims to show that Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) positioning can play a significant role in the positioning systems of future automotive applications. This is through the adoption of state-of-the-art GNSS positioning technology and techniques, and the exploitation of the rapidly developing vehicle-to-vehicle concept. The merging together of these two developments creates greater performance than can be achieved separately. The original contribution of this thesis comes from this combination: Through the introduction of the Pseudo-VRS concept. Pseudo-VRS uses the princples of Network Real Time Kinematic (N-RTK) positioning to share GNSS information between vehicles, which enables absolute vehicle positioning. Pseudo-VRS is shown to improve the performance of high precision GNSS positioning for road vehicles, through the increased availability of GNSS correction messages and the rapid resolution of the N-RTK fixed solution. Positioning systems in the automotive sector are dominated by satellite-based solutions provided by GNSS. This has been the case since May 2001, when the United States Department of Defense switched off Selective Availability, enabling significantly improved positioning performance for civilian users. The average person most frequently encounters GNSS when using electronic personal navigation devices. The Sat Nav or GPS Navigator is ubiquitous in modern societies, where versions can be found on nomadic devices such as smartphones and dedicated personal navigation devices, or built in to the dashboards of vehicles. Such devices have been hugely successful due to their intrinsic ability to provide position information anywhere in the world with an accuracy of approximately 10 metres, which has proved ideal for general navigation applications. There are a few well known limitations of GNSS positioning, including anecdotal evidence of incorrect navigation advice for personal navigation devices, but these are minor compared to the overall positioning performance. Through steady development of GNSS positioning devices, including the integration of other low cost sensors (for instance, wheel speed or odometer sensors in vehicles), and the development of robust map matching algorithms, the performance of these devices for navigation applications is truly incredible. However, when tested for advanced automotive applications, the performance of GNSS positioning devices is found to be inadequate. In particular, in the most advanced fields of research such as autonomous vehicle technology, GNSS positioning devices are relegated to a secondary role, or often not used at all. They are replaced by terrestrial sensors that provide greater situational awareness, such as radar and lidar. This is due to the high performance demand of such applications, including high positioning accuracy (sub-decimetre), high availability and continuity of solutions (100%), and high integrity of the position information. Low-cost GNSS receivers generally do not meet such requirements. This could be considered an enormous oversight, as modern GNSS positioning technology and techniques have significantly improved satellite-based positioning performance. Other non-GNSS techniques also have their limitations that GNSS devices can minimise or eliminate. For instance, systems that rely on situational awareness require accurate digital maps of their surroundings as a reference. GNSS positioning can help to gather this data, provide an input, and act as a fail-safe in the event of digital map errors. It is apparent that in order to deliver advanced automotive applications - such as semi- or fully-autonomous vehicles - there must be an element of absolute positioning capability. Positioning systems will work alongside situational awareness systems to enable the autonomous vehicles to navigate through the real world. A strong candidate for the positioning system is GNSS positioning. This thesis builds on work already started by researchers at the University of Nottingham, to show that N-RTK positioning is one such technique. N-RTK can provide sub-decimetre accuracy absolute positioning solutions, with high availability, continuity, and integrity. A key component of N-RTK is the availability of real-time GNSS correction data. This is typically delivered to the GNSS receiver via mobile internet (for a roving receiver). This can be a significant limitation, as it relies on the performance of the mobile communications network, which can suffer from performance degradation during dynamic operation. Mobile communications systems are expected to improve significantly over the next few years, as consumers demand faster download speeds and wider availability. Mobile communications coverage already covers a high percentage of the population, but this does not translate into a high percentage of a country's geography. Pockets of poor coverage, often referred to as notspots, are widespread. Many of these notspots include the transportation infrastructure. The vehicle-to-vehicle concept has made significant forward steps in the last few years. Traditionally promoted as a key component of future automotive safety applications, it is now driven primarily by increased demand for in-vehicle infotainment. The concept, which shares similarities with the Internet of Things and Mobile Ad-hoc Networks, relies on communication between road vehicles and other road agents (such as pedestrians and road infrastructure). N-RTK positioning can take advantage of this communication link to minimise its own communications-related limitations. Sharing GNSS information between local GNSS receivers enables better performance of GNSS positioning, based on the principles of differential GNSS and N-RTK positioning techniques. This advanced concept is introduced and tested in this thesis. The Pseudo VRS concept follows the protocols and format of sharing GNSS data used in N-RTK positioning. The technique utilises the latest GNSS receiver design, including multiple frequency measurements and high quality antennas.
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Collischonn, Carolina. "Estudos de confiabilidade de redes GNSS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/122667.
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O principal objetivo dessa dissertação foi estudar a confiabilidade de redes GNSS. Em termos metodológicos foram analisadas redes obtidas pelos seguintes métodos: redes com inclusão de linhas-base repetidas, por posicionamento relativo e pelo Posicionamento por Ponto Preciso (PPP). A rede GNSS utilizada possui seis estações pertencentes a Rede Brasileira de Monitoramento Continuo (RBMC) do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). As estações se localizam no oeste do estado de São Paulo. Para atingir o objetivo do trabalho foram estruturadas as seguintes hipóteses: a inserção de novas linhas-base em uma estrutura de rede GNSS possibilita melhorar a eficiência na detecção de outliers e aumenta a confiabilidade da rede, bem como, existe um limiar de número de linhas-base que a partir dele não se verifica mais melhora na confiabilidade. E, a outra hipótese, é que redes GNSS podem ser formadas a partir do PPP e ter parâmetros de qualidade estimados (de precisão e de confiabilidade), requisito fundamental para o uso em aplicações geodésicas. Com relação a primeira hipótese foi gerado um artigo onde é aplicado o controle de qualidade por meio da teoria de confiabilidade convencional analisando a melhora da confiabilidade a partir da inclusão de linhas-base repetidas em rede GNSS. Primeiramente foi realizado o ajustamento por mínimos quadrados da rede GNSS e calculadas as medidas de confiabilidade: o número de redundância local, a confiabilidade interna, externa e razão tendência-ruído. As linhas-base repetida na rede foram selecionadas a partir da análise de qual observação possuía menor valor de número de redundância local. O ajustamento foi realizado novamente, bem como o cálculo das medidas de confiabilidade. Esse procedimento foi repetido cinco vezes, quando se verificou a estabilização dos resultados. A segunda hipótese resultou no artigo onde foi apresentada uma metodologia de desenvolvimento de rede utilizando dados GNSS processados pelo PPP. Nesse artigo foi aplicada a teoria convencional de confiabilidade para verificar a potencialidade da metodologia apresentada. Diferentes tempos de rastreio foram empregados nos experimentos. O serviço de processamento de PPP utilizado é o fornecido pelo IBGE. A partir dos resultados foram feitas análises para verificar a aplicabilidade da metodologia descrita em rede com dados GNSS de 24, 6 e 4 horas de rastreio. Após o ajustamento, os testes global e o data snooping foram aplicados. Também é analisada a confiabilidade da rede com o objetivo de avaliar o método proposto, além de verificar a influência do tempo de rastreio nos resultados.The main goal of the present dissertation was to study the reliability of GNSS networks. In methodological terms networks obtained from the following methods were analyzed: networks with including repeated baselines, relative positioning and Precise Point positioning (PPP). The GNSS network used has six stations belonging to the Brazilian Network of Continuous Monitoring (RBMC) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), located in the west part of São Paulo. In order to achieve the objective of the study the following hypotheses were structured: the insertion of the new baselines in a GNSS network structure enables to improve the efficiency in detecting outliers and increases network reliability, just like, there is a threshold in the number of baselines in which above these number there is no improvement in the reliability. The other hypothesis is that GNSS networks can be formed from the PPP and have its quality parameters estimated (accuracy and reliability), fundamental requirement for geodetic applications. An article was generated regarding the first hypothesis where the quality control trough the conventional reliability theory was applied to analyze the quality improvement from the inclusion of repeated baselines in GNSS network. First, the least squared adjustment was made and then the reliability measures were calculated, which are: local redundancy number, the internal and external reliability and bias to noise - ratio. The repeated base lines in the network were selected by choosing the observations with lowest number of local redundancy. The adjustment and the calculation of the reliability measures were performed again. When this procedure was repeated five times, the stabilization of the results was observed. The second hypothesis resulted in an article in which a methodology of network development using GNSS data processed by the PPP was presented. In this paper the conventional reliability theory was applied to verify the presented methodology capability. Different occupation times were used in the experiments. The PPP processing service used is provided by the IBGE. From the results, analyses were performed to verify the applicability of the methodology described in network with GNSS data of 24, 6 and 4 occupation. After the adjustment, the global and data snooping tests were applied. The network reliability is also analyzed with the objective of evaluating the proposed method. In addition was verifying the influence of occupation time in the results.
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Couronneau, Nicolas. "Performance analysis of assisted-GNSS receivers." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/254273.
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The goal of this thesis is to improve the understanding of the performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers that use assistance data provided by cellular networks. A typical example of such a receiver is a mobile phone including a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. Using assistance data such as an accurate estimate of the GPS system time is known to improve the availability and the time-tofirst- fix performance of a GNSS receiver. However, the performance depends on the architecture of the cellular network and may vary significantly across networks. This thesis presents three new contributions to the performance analysis of assisted-GNSS receivers in cellular networks. I first introduce a mathematical framework that can be used to calculate a theoretical lower bound of the time-to-first-fix (TTFF) in an assisted-GNSS receiver. Existing methods, for example the flow-graph method, generally focus on calculating the theoretical mean acquisition time of a pseudo-noise signal for one satellite only. I extend these methods to calculate the full probability distribution of the joint acquisition of several satellites, as well as the sequential acquisition of satellites, which is commonly performed in assisted receivers. The method is applied to real measurements made in a multipath fading channel. I next consider time assistance in unsynchronised cellular networks. It is often argued that unsynchronised networks can not provide fine-time aiding since they do not have a common clock, although few experimental results have been reported in the existing literature. I carried out experiments on a GSM network, a second-generation cellular network, in Cambridge, UK, in order to measure the time stability of the synchronisation signals. The results showed a large variability in the time stabilities across different base stations and I evaluated the performance of an ensemble filter that combines the measurements into a single, more accurate, estimate of the universal time. The main contribution is to show that the performance of such a filter is adequate to provide fine-time assistance to a satellite navigation receiver. Finally, I address the positioning performance of an assisted receiver in synchronised cellular networks. Cellular positioning has been often investigated in the literature, but few results on real networks have been presented. Many positioning methods are proprietary and little information about their performance in real networks haven been published publicly. A CDMA2000 cellular network in Calgary, Canada, was used to collect experimental data. The time stability and the synchronisation of the CDMA2000 pilot signals were excellent and were used to evaluate the performance of CDMA2000-based cellular positioning system. I then developed a method to combine the pseudo-range measurements from the GPS signals and the CDMA2000 base stations. I evaluated the performance of positioning in both outdoor and indoor environments, and I analysed the effects and the possible mitigation of non-line-of-sight signals. The main contribution is to show that additional satellite navigation signals can improve the accuracy of cellular positioning beyond what is theoretically expected from the improvement in the geometry.