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Journal articles on the topic 'Goa, Daman, and Diu'

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1

Saavedra, Monica. "Politics and Health at the WHO Regional Office for South East Asia: The Case of Portuguese India, 1949–61." Medical History 61, no. 3 (2017): 380–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2017.34.

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This paper analyses how the 1950–61 conflict between Portugal and India over the territories that constituted Portuguese India (Goa, Daman and Diu) informed Portugal’s relations with the World Health Organization’s Regional Office for South East Asia (SEARO). The ‘Goa question’ determined the way international health policies were actually put into place locally and the meaning with which they were invested. This case study thus reveals the political production of SEARO as a dynamic space for disputes and negotiations between nation-states in decolonising Asia. In this context, health often came second in the face of contrasting nationalistic projects, both colonial and post-colonial.
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2

Shokoohy, Mehrdad. "The Zoroastrian fire temple in the ex-Portuguese colony of Diu, India." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 13, no. 1 (2003): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135618630200295x.

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AbstractThe ex-Portuguese town of Diu on the island with the same name off the south coast of Saurashtra, Gujarat, is one of the best-preserved and yet least-studied Portuguese colonial towns. Diu was the last of the Portuguese strongholds in India, the control of which was finally achieved in 1539 after many years of futile struggle and frustrating negotiations with the sultanate of Gujarat. During the late sixteenth and seventeenth century Diu remained a main staging post for Portuguese trade in the Indian Ocean, but with the appearance of the Dutch, and later the French and British, on the scene the island gradually lost its strategic importance. The town was subjected to little renovation during the nineteenth century while in the twentieth century Diu was no more than an isolated Portuguese outpost with meagre trade until it was taken over by India in 1961. As a result, unlike the other former Portuguese colonies in India – Daman and Goa – Diu has preserved most of its original characteristics: a Portuguese colonial town plan, a sixteenth-century fort and a number of old churches, as well as many of the eighteenth and nineteenth-century houses.
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3

Bhuvana, Dr M. "Evaluation of Financial Inclusion Index for accessing Banking Technology through Rural Population from the States of India." Restaurant Business 118, no. 8 (2019): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i8.7685.

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Reserve bank of India has described the term Financial Inclusion as the sequence of activities that has taken place in proving financial services to the most vulnerable people in country at a very low affordable cost. The financial services like assess to financial products such as small deposits and savings, providing basic credit requirements through formal financial institutions like post offices, banks, microfinance institutions and banks. Rural people faces may issues and challenges in using financial products and services to meet their basic needs. Hence this research study has done an analysis to evaluate index of financial inclusion for various states of India with four different types of dimensions like Penetration of Bank Branches in rural areas, Credit Penetration, Deposit and Penetration of Insurance Companies in the rural regions of all the states of India. Different resources namely the website of Reserve Bank of India, Census 2011 data, articles and journals has been utilized to gather the secondary data for the study. The dimensions such as deposit, credit, insurance company penetration and bank branch penetration in rural areas of different states of India has been measured by accessing multidimensional approach to examine financial inclusion index 2018. From the research study, it is found that the states Puducherry, Daman & Diu, Chandigarh and Goa has Financial Inclusion at below average level (between 35-50) and the remaining states in India has financial inclusion at very low level in rural areas (Below 35).As concerned with rural population many states in India has financial inclusion at below average and lower level. The concern authorities from Indian Government should examine those states that are highly eliminated from accessing banking services to restructure the position of financial inclusion
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4

Sanghai, A. A., Vikram Khan, D. B. Zala, and V. K. Das. "Analysis of the risk factors in SARS-CoV-2: gender and age." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 4 (2021): 2034. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211276.

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Age and gender are key indicators of health to understand the extent to which outbreaks affect a specific age group or gender. Therefore, the present study was conducted to know whether gender equality in SARS-CoV-2 infections prevails across different age groups in the Dadra and Nagar Haveli district of the UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, India. The secondary data were collected up to 21st September 2020 through public health surveillance activities undertaken by, Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme, UT of the Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu. Till date, a total of 37.89 thousand samples were tested for detection of SARS-CoV-2. Only 1429 (3.76%) samples were found positive for SARS-CoV-2. Out of total positive cases, 71.38% were male and 28.62 % were female. The maximum case was encountered in the working-age group (between 19 to 50 years). However, the highest positivity rate (8.5%) was encountered in the age group of more than 50 years.
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5

Navarro, Eduardo De Almeida. "GOA: UMA IDENTIDADE DIFERENTE DA INDIANA JUSTIFICARIA A CONDIÇÃO COLONIAL?" Via Atlântica, no. 19 (June 30, 2011): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/va.v0i19.50765.

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<p class="western">EM DEZEMBRO DE 1961, AS FORÇAS ARMADAS DA UNIÃO INDIANA INVADIRAM OS TERRITÓRIOS COLONIAIS PORTUGUESES DE GOA, DAMÃO E DIU. O IMPÉRIO ULTRAMARINO PORTUGUÊS COMEÇAVA A DESMORONAR. DEPOIS DISSO, COMEÇARIA A GUERRILHA NA ÁFRICA PORTUGUESA, O QUE LEVARIA À INDEPENDÊNCIA DE VÁRIOS PAÍSES LUSÓFONOS. GOA PODERIA TER SIDO MAIS UM PAÍS LUSÓFONO INDEPENDENTE, EM VEZ DE TER-SE INTEGRADO NA ÍNDIA? O PRESENTE ARTIGO DISCUTE ESSA QUESTÃO.</p>
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6

Fernandes, Victor João Da Cruz. "Damão: cinquenta anos após (1961-2011) Ocupação, libertação ou subjugação?" Língua e Literatura, no. 30 (April 28, 2012): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2594-5963.lilit.2012.97535.

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Este artigo faz uma sinopse política, económica e da história recente das ex-colónias portuguesas de Goa, Damão e Diu, que há cinquenta anos (1961) foram anexadas à União Indiana. Há muitas informações pessoais do autor, que assistiu pessoalmente à invasão de Damão pela Índia naquele ano.
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7

Hilário, Ana Teresa. "Capitães das fortalezas do Índico no tempo do Conselho da Índia – (1604-1614) – Continuidades e rupturas da vertente social do Estado da Índia." Revista de História da Sociedade e da Cultura 17 (December 22, 2017): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_17_4.

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Pelo presente artigo revela-se a importância de estudar o fenómeno da nomeação dos capitães da Índia e de o compreender quando comparado com conjunturas anteriores, e fases diferentes Estado da Índia. Através do estudo do grupo de homens que durante os seus dez anos de funcionamento o Conselho da Índia escolheu para capitanearem as fortalezas de Goa, Diu, Ormuz, Malaca e Baçaim podemos perceber uma vertente social do Estado da Índia, bem como encontrar pontos em que esta se alterou, ou não, com o passar dos anos, e relacionar estas rupturas e/ou continuidades com os momentos vividos.
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8

Reis, Mónica Esteves. "Artistic and Cultural Values in the Churches of Diu: Reflections on Architecture, Iconography, and Artistic Processes." Asian Review of World Histories 8, no. 2 (2020): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22879811-12340078.

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Abstract As examples of the interpretative capacity, ingenuity, and art of local carvers, Indo-Portuguese altarpieces show how religious-cultural differences could be re-enacted to create new and very particular forms that enriched Indo-Portuguese artistic production. The Northern Province played an important role in the economy of Portuguese India from the sixteenth century until at least the eighteenth century. Although Diu was geographically distant from Goa, the capital of the State of India, and from Bassein, the nearest artistic production center, the artistic panorama in Diu’s churches nevertheless developed to a remarkable extent, and its many hybrid depictions bear witness to artistic-cultural exchanges. Ornamental figurative elements and architectural elements of Portuguese origin were refashioned using the language of local art and its symbols of devotion. In the carvings executed by local artisans, the symbols of local religions were transposed into the Christian decorative grammar with the aim of explaining, through images, the gospel of a new religion to devotees of a religion rooted in centuries of history, resulting in artistic-cultural hybridity.
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9

Nandargi, S. S., S. S. Mahto, and S. Ram. "Changes in Seasonality Index Over Sub-Divisions of India During 1951-2015." Open Atmospheric Science Journal 11, no. 1 (2017): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874282301711010105.

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Background: The varied topographical features of the Indian region are responsible for variation in distribution of rainfall over different parts of the country. More than 80% of the country’s rainfall is received during the monsoon season. Researchers noted that there is change in distribution of this monsoon rainfall associated with climate change and global warming. This changing pattern in rainfall can be investigated by seasonality index (SI) of rainfall. Such studies are essential to identify the changes in runoff, infiltration, surface and groundwater management, agricultural planning, etc. Method: The variation in seasonality in rainfall over the Indian region is examined using monthly rainfall values for the period 1951 to 2015 of 34 meteorological sub-divisions excluding two Sea Islands. A seasonality index (SI) of a monthly rainfall is computed on monthly, seasonal (June to September) and annual scale. It is observed that seasonality index of rainfall of 34 sub-divisions for all months are in the range 0.37 (Jammu & Kashmir) to 1.56 (Saurashtra Kutch & Diu). Results: The results show that rainfall is markedly seasonal with a long dry season and most rainfall in less than three months. Most of the rainfall occurs in monsoon months. The seasonality index for monsoon season is computed and it varies from 0.19 (Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram,Tripura) to 0.59 (Saurashtra Kutch & Diu) resulting in rainfall spread throughout the year, but with a definite wetter season. Conclusion: Trends of this index through the 65-year period are identified and indicate that seasonality is increasing in Uttaranchal, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat Region-Dadra & Nagar Haveli; Saurashtra-Kutch & Diu, Konkan & Goa, Madhya Maharashtra, Marathwada, Chattisgarh, Tamilnadu & Pondicherry. The analysis clearly showed the climate change impact on northwest sub-divisions of the country showing increase in SI values leading to dryness during the monsoon season. The negative trend in SI values was observed in Sub- Himalayan West Bengal, Haryana-Delhi-Chandigarh, Punjab, Jammu & Kashmir, West and east Rajasthan, coastal Andhra Pradesh showing increasing wetness for an already wet months although rainfall occurs in a very short period of just a month or two.
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10

Satyanarayana, Kanikaram, and Sadhana Srivastava. "Patent Pooling for Promoting Access to Antiretroviral Drugs (ARVs) – A Strategic Option for India." Open AIDS Journal 4, no. 1 (2010): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874613601004020041.

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The current HIV/AIDS scenario in India is quite grim with an estimated 2.4 million people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in 2008, just behind South Africa and Nigeria. The anti-retroviral drugs (ARVs) remain the main stay of global HIV/AIDS treatment. Over 30 ARVs (single and FDCs) available under six categories viz., NRTIs (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors), NNRTIs (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors), Protease inhibitors, the new Fusion inhibitors, Entry inhibitors-CCR5 co-receptor antagonists and HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors. The major originator companies for these ARVs are: Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim (BI), Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Merck, Pfizer, Roche, and Tibotec. Beginning with zidovidine in 1987, all the drugs are available in the developed countries. In India, about 30 ARVs are available as generics manufactured by Aurobindo, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh; Cipla Limited, Goa; Emcure Pharmaceuticals, Pune, Maharashtra; Hetero Drugs, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh; Macleods Pharmaceuticals, Daman; Matrix Laboratories, Nashik, Maharashtra; Ranbaxy, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh; and Strides Arcolab, Bangalore, Karnataka. The National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) set up in 1992 by the Govt. of India provides free ARVs to HIV positive patients in India since 2004. The drugs available in India include both single drugs and FDCs covering both first line and second line ARVs. Even while there are claims of stabilization of the disease load, there is still huge gap of those who require ARVs as only about 150,000 PLHA receive the ARVs from the Govt. and other sources. Access to ARVs therefore is still a cause of serious concern ever since India became fully Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)-complaint in 2005. Therefore, the Indian pharmaceutical companies cannot make generics for those for drugs introduced post-2005 due to product patent regime. Other concerns include heat stable, other better formulations and second line ARVs for adults and more drugs and formulations for paediatric groups, that are still to be widely available in India and other developing countries. To examine whether strong intellectual property (IP) protection systems are to be considered important barriers for the limited or lack of access to ARVs, we studied the patent profile of the ARVs of the originator companies within and outside India. We could record 93 patents in the United States Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO). The originator companies have been also aggressively filing and enforcing patents in India. There have been a few efforts by companies like Gilead and GSK to grant licenses to generic manufacturers in developing countries, ostensibly to promote access to ARVs through lower (two-tier) pricing. These steps are considered as too little and too late. There is an urgent need to look for alternative strategies to promote access to ARVs both linked to and independent of IPRs. Patent pooling as a viable strategy mooted by the UNITAID should be seriously explored to promote access to ARVs. India is ideally suited for trying out the patent pool strategy as most of the global requirement of affordable ARV drugs for HIV/AIDS treatment is sourced from Indian generic companies.
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11

"Heliopeltis antonii. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 1st Revision) (August 1, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20046600296.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Heliopeltis antonii Signoret. Hemiptera: Miridae (tea mosquito bug). Attacks tea, cinchona, avocado, cashew, guava, Piper nigrum, Pimenta dioica, grapevine, Moringa oleifera. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, Andaman Islands, India, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Daman & Diu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka.
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12

"Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.December (August 1, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20173018329.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier). Coleoptera: Curculionidae. Hosts: Palmae [Arecaceae] spp., rattan (Calamus merrillii). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Corsica, Mainland France, Greece, Crete, Italy, Mainland Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta, Montenegro, Portugal, Madeira, Mainland Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain), Asia (Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Jiangsu, Tibet, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Georgia Republic, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Daman and Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Kyushu, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam, Yemen), Africa (Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia), Central America & Caribbean (Aruba, Netherlands Antilles).
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13

"Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (July 1, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20103165640.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier). Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae. Hosts: palmae and rattan (Calamus merrillii). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Albania, Cyprus, France, Corsica, Mainland France, Greece, Crete, Mainland Greece, Italy, Mainland Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta, Portugal, Mainland Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain), Asia (Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangsu, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Georgia, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Daman, Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Java, Kalimantan, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Kyushu, Jordan, Kuwait, Laos, Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam), Africa (Egypt, Libya, Morocco), Central America and Caribbean (Netherlands, Antilles), Oceania (Australia, Queensland, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu).
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"Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20163365138.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Ishiyama) Swings et al. Gammaproteobacteria: Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae. Host: rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Daman, Delhi, Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Indonesia, Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Iran, Japan, Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Archipelago, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Laos, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam), Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Egypt, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania, Togo and Uganda), North America (Mexico), Central America and Caribbean (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras and Panama), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) and Oceania (Australia, Northern Territory and Queensland).
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T.M., Geethanjali. "A Scientific study of Forests of the Western Ghats." Indian Journal of Multilingual Research and Development, August 18, 2021, 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijmrd2137.

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The Western Ghats in India’s Deccan Plateau has been recognized as one of the eight “hottest hot-spots” of biological diversity in the world. UNESCO has identified this region as a World Heritage Site. In Maharashtra, this mountain range is known as ‘Sahyadri’, ‘Dang forests’ in Gujarat, ‘Nilgiris’ in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, and ‘Malnad’ in Karnataka. It stretches across the six Indian states of Gujrat, Maharashtra, Goa, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka and two union territories including Daman and Diu and Pondicherry. These hills begin near the border of Gujarat and Maharashtra, south of the Tapti river, and end at Kanyakumari, at the southern tip of India, covering an incredible 1,60,000 sq.km. In the 18th and 19th centuries, most of the people who classified the flora of these regions are hobbyists. Very few British Officers who conduct survey of this landscape release their books. A complete scientific study of this biodiversity hot-spot is yet to be undertaken. Until now, only a handful of scientists have undertaken a study of the Western Ghats. So, this present article expains a brief scientific study of the forests of the Western Ghats.
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16

"Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Goa: Growth Exploration." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8, no. 5S3 (2019): 332–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.e1071.0785s319.

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According to Micro, Small and medium enterprises Act 2006, the MSME are classified into two categories viz, Manufacturing Enterprises which are engaged in the manufacturing of production of goods or employing plant and machinery in the process of value addition to the final product having a distinct name or character or use. Service Enterprises: The enterprises engaged in providing or rendering of services are defined in terms of investment in equipment. Now, MSMEs is defined on the basis of ‘Annual Turnover’ instead of investment in plant and machinery /Equipment . Incase of manufacturing sector, the enterprises whose annual turnover is less than Rs. 5 Crores are considered as ‘Micro Enterprises’ The enterprises whose annual turnover is between Rs. 5 crores to Rs. 75 crores are considered as ‘Small Enterprises’ and the enterprises whose annual turnover is between Rs. 75 crores to Rs. 250 crores are considered as Medium Enterprises. A similar criteria are applied to define service sector enterprises as Micro, Small and Medium enterprises. At present approximately 36.1 million units of micro, small and medium enterprises are engaged in production in India. This sector provides employment to around 120 million people , These units represent around more than 45% of India’s total export . The contribution of this sector to the country’s Gross Domestic Product is about 8%. A study carried out by the Confederation of Indian Industries (CII) on the Indian MSMEs reveals that the MSME’s contribution to the India’s GDP will be around 50% by 2024 . Many units of MSME’s are located in rural areas which are checking the migration from rural areas to urban areas. Goa was liberated from the Portuguese regime yoke on 19th December 1961 , and remained union territory along with Daman and Diu for several years; Goa was elevated to the status of 25th state in the Indian Union on 30th May 1987. It has a geographical area of 3702 Sq. Kms. and a population of 14.58 lakhs (2011 Census). The state is divided into two districts (North and South Goa) and Twelve talukas. This state has the highest per capita income in the country and the second lowest with respect to poverty ratio. Tourism, agriculture, industry, mining, construction, banking, trade and fishery are the main stay of the Goan economy. Goa with its unique natural beauty has emerged as one of the best and the most attractive tourist destinations in the world. With a spread network of banking and financial institutions, the state is in the ideal position to attract investment. Goa today has over 8000 small scale industries employing over 60000 employees. The state has developed / established 20 industrial estates; some of them are among the best in the country. The industrial activities encompass about 50 sub sectors which include tourism, pharmaceuticals, electrical and automobile accessories etc. In spite of this, we are yet to achieve lot in the industrialization process. Goa has done fairly well in last two decades on the industrial front in spite of various handicaps. The explanation for this does not lie in any planned development strategy that the state
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Rajendra, Singh. "Faunal diversity of Theridiidae (Araneomorphae: Araneae: Arachnida) in India: An updated checklist." International Journal of Biological and Environmental Investigations 1, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijbei.2021.v01i01.003.

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Faunal biodiversity of the comb-footed spiders (Theridiidae: Araneomorphae: Araneae: Arachnida) in different states of India and union territories is presented herewith. A total of 138 species placed under 42 genera of Theridiidae were recorded in all states and union territories of India except for Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Nagaland, and Punjab and two union territories, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, and Lakshadweep, out of which 45 species (32.6%) were strictly endemic. However, among them, 14 species seem to be case of erroneous report or misidentification. The maximum number of species (53 species) were recorded in Maharashtra followed by 51 from Kerala, 39 species from Gujarat, 33 species from Karnataka, 29 species from Tamil Nadu, 27 species from Jammu and Kashmir, 20 species from Uttarakhand, 17 species from West Bengal, 16 species from Assam, 15 species from Uttar Pradesh, 12 species each from Goa and Odisha, 11 species from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 10 species each from Puducherry, Rajasthan and less than 10 species are recorded from other states. Four species are considerably widely distributed (in 10 or more states and union territories), viz. Chrysso angula (Tikader, 1970), Nesticodes rufipes (Lucas, 1846), Nihonhimea mundula (L. Koch, 1872), and Argyrodes argentatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880. Several species of Theridiidae reported from India are recorded only from one state or from the type locality. Hence, extensive faunistic surveys for these spiders are required throughout the country.
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Rajendra, Singh, and Singh Garima. "Faunal diversity of orb-weaver spiders (Araneidae: Araneomorphae: Araneae: Arachnida) in India." International Journal of Biological and Environmental Investigations 1, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijbei.2021.v01i02.001.

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This review deals with the species diversity of the orb-weaving spiders (Araneidae: Araneae: Arachnida) in different states of India and the union territories. A total of 256 species belonging to 49 genera of Araneidae were recorded in all states and the union territories of India except for Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu, out of which 99 species (38.4%) were strictly endemic. Two genera of orb-weaver spiders are highly speciose, e.g. Araneus Clerck, 1757 (39 species) and Neoscona Simon, 1864 (36 species). About 119 species of these orb-weaver spiders were recorded from Maharashtra followed by 91 species from West Bengal, 81 species from Kerala, 79 species from Karnataka, 75 species from Gujarat, 71 species from Tamil Nadu, 65 species from Assam, 63 species from Uttar Pradesh, 58 species from Uttarakhand, 57 species from Madhya Pradesh, 47 species each from Odisha and Jammu and Kashmir, 41 species from Meghalaya, 34 species from Chhattisgarh, 32 species from Goa, 31 species from Rajasthan, 29 species from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 27 species from Andhra Pradesh, 24 species from Sikkim, 21 species each from Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram and Tripura, and less than 20 species were recorded from other states and union territories. Seven species are distributed in more than 20 states and union territories, viz. Argiope pulchella Thorell, 1881 (23 states, 3 union territories); Nephila pilipes (Fabricius, 1793) (24 states, 2 union territory); Neoscona mukerjei Tikader, 1980 (23 states, 1 union territory); Neoscona theisi (Walckenaer, 1837) (21 states, 3 union territories); Araneus mitificus (Simon, 1886) (21 states, 3 union territories); Argiope aemula (Walckenaer, 1837) (21 states, 2 union territories) and Eriovixia excelsa (Simon, 1889) (20 states, 2 union territories). Several species of Araneidae reported from India are recorded only from one state or from the type locality. Hence, intensive and extensive faunistic surveys for these spiders are required throughou
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19

"Agrius convolvuli. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (July 1, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20123252645.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus). Lepidoptera: Sphingidae. Hosts: groundnut (Arachis hypogaea), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Ipomoea spp., field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Vigna spp., and Phaseolus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France (Corsica), Germany, Gibraltar, Greece (Crete), Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy (Sardinia, Sicily), Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal (Azores, Madeira), Romania, Russia (Siberia), San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain (Balearic Islands, Canary Islands), Sweden, Switzerland, UK (Channel Islands, Northern Ireland), Ukraine), Asia (Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Menggu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Cocos Islands, India (Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman, Delhi, Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Indonesia (Irian Jaya, Java, Kalimantan, Maluku, Sulawesi, Sumatra), Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Archipelago), Kazakhstan, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Laos, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak), Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen), Africa (Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Reunion, Rwanda, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, St. Helena, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe), Oceania (American Samoa, Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia), Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu).
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20

Rajendra, Singh. "Faunal Biodiversity of Lycosidae (Araneomorphae: Araneae: Arachnida) in India: An Updated Checklist." International Journal of Zoological Investigations 7, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijzi.2021.v07i01.011.

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Faunal biodiversity of the wolf spiders (Lycosidae: Araneomorphae: Araneae: Arachnida) in different states of India and union territories is presented herewith. A total of 155 species placed under 25 genera of Lycosidae were recorded in all states and union territories of India except Nagaland, Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli, and Lakshdweep, out of which 91 species (58.7%) were strictly endemic. However, among them 8 species seem to be erroneous report or misidentification. Maximum number of speci es were recorded in Maharashtra followed by 65 species in West Bengal, 57 species in Gujarat, 50 species in Uttarakhand, 39 species in Madhya Pradesh, 38 species in Kerala, 36 species in Karnataka, 33 species in Jammu and Kashmir and less than 30 species are recorded in other states. Six species of Lycosidae are widely distributed, viz. Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (25 states, 3 union territories), Pardosa sumatrana (Thorell, 1890) (23 states, 1 union territory), Pardosa pseudoannulata (Bösenberg and Strand, 1906) (19 states, 1 union territory), Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884) (17 states, 1 union territory), Hippasa greenalliae (Blackwall, 1867) (16 states, 1 union territory), and Lycosa tista Tikader, 1970 (16 states). About one-third of the species of Lycosidae reported in India are recorded only in one state or from the type locality. Hence, extensive faunistic surveys for these spiders are required.
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21

Pramanik, Malay, Poonam Singh, Gaurav Kumar, V. P. Ojha, and Ramesh C. Dhiman. "El Niño Southern Oscillation as an early warning tool for dengue outbreak in India." BMC Public Health 20, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09609-1.

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Abstract Background Dengue is rapidly expanding climate-sensitive mosquito-borne disease worldwide. Outbreaks of dengue occur in various parts of India as well but there is no tool to provide early warning. The current study was, therefore, undertaken to find out the link between El Niño, precipitation, and dengue cases, which could help in early preparedness for control of dengue. Methods Data on Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) was extracted from CPC-IRI (USA) while the data on monthly rainfall was procured from India Meteorological Department. Data on annual dengue cases was taken from the website of National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP). Correlation analysis was used to analyse the relationship between seasonal positive ONI, rainfall index and dengue case index based on past 20 years’ state-level data. The dengue case index representing ‘relative deviation from mean’ was correlated to the 3 months average ONI. The computed r values of dengue case index and positive ONI were further interpreted using generated spatial correlation map. The short-term prediction of dengue probability map has been prepared based on phase-wise (El Niño, La Niña, and Neutral) 20 years averaged ONI. Results A high correlation between positive ONI and dengue incidence was found, particularly in the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Delhi, Daman and Diu. The states like Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, and Andhra Pradesh shown negative correlation between summer El Niño and dengue incidence. Two - three month lag was found between monthly ‘rainfall index’ and dengue cases at local-scale analysis. Conclusion The generated map signifies the spatial correlation between positive ONI and dengue case index, indicating positive correlation in the central part, while negative correlation in some coastal, northern, and north-eastern part of India. The findings offer a tool for early preparedness for undertaking intervention measures against dengue by the national programme at state level. For further improvement of results, study at micro-scale district level for finding month-wise association with Indian Ocean Dipole and local weather variables is desired for better explanation of dengue outbreaks in the states with ‘no association’.
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