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Journal articles on the topic 'Goat breeds – South Africa – Limpopo'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Chokoe, Tlou Caswell, Khanyisile Mdladla-Hadebe, Farai Muchadeyi, Edgar Dzomba, Tlou Matelele, Tumudi Mphahlele, Takalani J. Mpofu, Khathutshelo Nephawe, and Bohani Mtileni. "Genetic Diversity of South African Indigenous Goat Population from Four Provinces Using Genome-Wide SNP Data." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 11, 2020): 10361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410361.

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Genome-wide assessments of the genetic landscape of Farm Animal Genetic Resources (FAnGR) are key to developing sustainable breed improvements. Understanding the FAnGR adaptation to different environments and supporting their conservation programs from community initiative to national policymakers is very important. The objective of the study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of communal indigenous goat populations from four provinces of South Africa. Communal indigenous goat populations from the Free State (FS) (n = 24), Gauteng (GP) (n = 28), Limpopo (LP) (n = 30), and North West (NW) (n = 35) provinces were genotyped using the Illumina Goats SNP50 BeadChip. An Illumina Goats SNP50 BeadChip data from commercial meat-type breeds: Boer (n = 33), Kalahari Red (n = 40), and Savanna (n = 31) was used in this study as reference populations. The Ho revealed that the genetic diversity of a population ranged between 0.39 ± 0.11 Ho in LP to 0.42 ± 0.09 Ho in NW. Analysis of molecular variance revealed variations of 3.39% (p < 0.0001) and 90.64% among and within populations, respectively. The first two Principal Component Analyses (PCAs) revealed a unique Limpopo population separated from GP, FS, and NW communal indigenous goat populations with high levels of admixture with commercial goat populations. There were unique populations of Kalahari and Savanna that were observed and admixed individuals. Marker FST (Limpopo versus commercial goat populations) revealed 442 outlier single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across all chromosomes, and the SNP with the highest FST value (FST = 0.72; chromosome 8) was located on the UHRF2 gene. Population differentiation tests (PCAdapt) revealed PC2 as optimal and five outlier SNPs were detected on chromosomes 10, 15, 20, and 21. The study revealed that the SNPs identified by the first two principal components show high FST values in LP communal goat populations and allowed us to identify candidate genes which can be used in the development of breed selection programs to improve this unique LP population and other communal goat population of FS, GP, and NW, and find genetic factors contributing to the adaptation to harsh environments. Effective management and utilization of South African communal indigenous goat populations is important, and effort should be made to maintain unique genetic resources for conservation.
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2

Mamogobo, M. D., N. O. Mapholi, K. A. Nephawe, T. L. Nedambale, T. J. Mpofu, Y. P. Sanarana, and B. J. Mtileni. "Genetic characterisation of non-descript cattle populations in communal areas of South Africa." Animal Production Science 61, no. 1 (2021): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20030.

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Context Indigenous cattle breeds represent an important genetic resource for livelihood of communal-area inhabitants. Indigenous breeds have the ability to withstand harsh climatic conditions, can adapt genetically to poor-quality forages and are resistant to parasites and diseases. These unique traits possessed by indigenous breeds are under threat because of unrestrained crossing with exotic commercial breeds, and this can lead to total loss of a breed. Aims The study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of South African non-descript communal beef cattle populations by using 25 microsatellite markers. Methods Unrelated and non-descript animals (n = 150) were sampled from communal areas from five (5) provinces of South Africa, namely, Eastern Cape, KwaZulu–Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga and the North West, with 30 samples per breed taken. Six (6) known cattle breeds (n = 180) were used as a reference population. This included Angus, Afrikaner, Bonsmara, Brahman, Drakensberger and the Nguni, with 30 samples per breed. Key results High level of genetic diversity was found across the five non-descript populations, with an average heterozygosity of 75%. The Limpopo population was found to be the most diverse population, with the highest average number of alleles (8.5) and heterozygosity (ranging between observed heterozygosity of 70% and expected heterozygosity of 79%). STRUCTURE software assigned populations (2 ≤ K ≤ 20), with the most probable cluster being at K = 7. The Eastern Cape, KwaZulu–Natal and Limpopo populations had genetic material similar to those possessed by the Nguni and Bonsmara reference populations. Conclusions Results from the study showed that most genetic differentiation occurred within populations rather than among populations, and this might be due to the fact that there is no selection for or against any specific production trait expressed in the populations. Implications The obtained information will serve as a baseline for the development and implementation of sound breeding programs that will assist in controlling the gene flow, so as to lower the possible genetic dilution of the currently available genetic material.
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3

Pieters, A., E. van Marle-Köster, C. Visser, and A. Kotze. "South African developed meat type goats: A forgotten animal genetic resource?" Animal Genetic Resources Information 44 (April 2009): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900002844.

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SummaryThere are mainly three locally developed meat type goat breeds in South Africa namely the South African Boer goat, the Savanna and the Kalahari Red. In order to maintain the characteristics of these breeds and to ensure that their unique traits are not lost through continuous selection and cross-breeding, it has become important to revisit current breed standards and introduce genetic characterization to obtain genetic diversity parameters. Both the Boer goat and Savanna breeds have established breeders associations while a breeders club was founded for the Kalahari Red goats. These associations have set breed standards and the breeds' morphometric traits have recently been described. The differences in morphometric traits among the breeds are fairly insignificant. Preliminary data on genetic diversity report heterozygosity values above 50% for each of the three breeds and they can be distinguished as separate breeds based on genotyping results with eighteen ISAG recommended microsatellite markers. There is however a need for a genetic characterization of both meat type and indigenous goats to ensure sufficient diversity within the breeds for long term conservation of the unique genetic resource.
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4

Ramsay, K., M. Smuts, and H. C. Els. "Adding value to South African landrace breeds conservation through utilisation." Animal Genetic Resources Information 27 (April 2000): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900001243.

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SummaryThe paper analyses the importance of breed conservation in South Africa by means of added value through a number of species. This principle was applied to some of Southern Africa populations: Nguni cattle, indigenous pigs, indigenous sheep landraces including fat-tails (Pedi, Damara, Zulu, Afrikaner) and fat-rumped breeds (Persian) as well as the improved Boer goat. The latter is an example of what can be achieved by selecting an indigenous breed for a specific purpose.For each breed, possible alternative uses are explained by analysing their characters. For the Nguni cattle (very well adapted to local conditions) a premium is paid for hides with minimal tick damage as these are used for car upholstery, an important added value. Beef quality and easy calving are also relevant factors that are important when crossing the Nguni with European breeds.Indigenous sheep landraces are often used to develop hardy composites and this helps their conservation, while the Boer goat is in demand in many countries for meat-production and has been exported world-wide; this is probably the only selected meat-goat in the world.Indigenous pig breeds are capable of generating a good income and are satisfactory alternatives to modern breeds.
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5

Norris, D., J. W. Ngambi, K. Benyi, and C. A. Mbajiorgu. "Milk Production of Three Exotic Dairy Goat Genotypes in Limpopo Province, South Africa." Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 6, no. 3 (February 15, 2011): 274–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajava.2011.274.281.

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6

Musthafa, M. M., T. Hussain, M. E. Babar, R. S. Aljumaah, M. A. Alshaikh, I. Muritala, V. Landi, et al. "Usability of metadata analysis of goat genetic resources among five countries from Africa, Asia and Europe: Metadata analysis of goat genetic." Agricultural Science and Technology 10, no. 3 (2018): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/10.15547/ast.2018.03.035.

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Abstract. Goats play a variety of roles all around the globe due to their capability to acclimatize different environmental conditions quite quickly since they have been regarded as one of the first sets of animals domesticated by the human. Even though domestic goats harbor precious genetic materials, research funding among developing countries is a major drawback for thorough study on them. Therefore, microsatellite markers seem to be affordable and informative. Genotypic data from different goat breeds across five countries (Nigeria, South Africa, Pakistan, France and Spain) was generated using eleven microsatellite markers for a comparative study in order to evaluate the usefulness of the available data for genetic characterization and identify the shortcomings of meta-analyses for combined data. The mean number of alleles (MNA) per population range from 6.44±2.83 alleles for Spanish to 10.25±0.96 for Pakistani goats, with an overall mean of 13.55±7.28. Observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranges from 0.61±0.02 to 0.83±0.01 for Spanish goats and Pakistani goats, respectively with an overall mean of 0.65. Ho of the markers used ranged from 0.569 (INRA5) to 0.793 (MM12). Highest and least polymorphic information content (PIC) was observed in loci MM12 (0.925) and MAF209 (0.489), respectively. All the populations showed significant change from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05) indicating a low level of inbreeding. The genetic distance of each country’s goat populations ranged from 0.151 to 4.245. The highest genetic distance (4.245) was observed between Spanish and Pakistani goats while the lowest were observed between Spanish and French goats. Spanish and French goats are from a common ancestor while South African, Nigerian and Pakistani goats came from another ancestor or cluster. A lot of genetic admixture in the Nigerian ecotypes has been observed whereas France and Saudi Arabian breeds have been subjected to high amount of selection pressure.
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7

Pambu, Roger G., E. C. Webb, and L. Mohale. "Differences in Milk Yield and Composition of Different Goat Breeds Raised in the Same Environment in South Africa." Agricultural Journal 6, no. 5 (May 1, 2011): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/aj.2011.237.242.

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8

Botiabane, Moswane Precious, L. Zhou, I. B. Oluwatayo, Fakunle Olufemi Oyedokun, and Akeem Adewale Oyelana. "Socioeconomic Analysis and Technical Efficiency among Smallholder Sorghum Farmers in GaMasemola Township of Limpopo Province, South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 6 (January 15, 2018): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i6.2001.

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Sorghum farming group in South Africa is divided into the smallholder and business ranchers attributable to the distinctions in cultivar sizes, utility creation and production strategies. Sorghum is utilized primarily for sustenance and refreshments in Ga-Masemola (GM) town. Smallholder sorghum farmers in the town utilize some portion of their wage for recreation, goat and cows' compost are utilized as manures to enhance soil fruitfulness and increment sorghum yield, they rely upon precipitation water for the water system and they have no entrance to expansion administrations. The study distinguish and depict the socioeconomic characteristics of smallholder sorghum farmers in Ga-Masemola town; it looks at the causes of technical efficiency among smallholder sorghum ranchers in the town, and it recognizes and portrays difficulties confronted by smallholder sorghum farmers in the town. Essential information was gathered utilizing organized surveys and an example size of 48 smallholder sorghum farmers in the town was chosen. Cobb Douglas model was utilized to analyze the information or data gotten.The socioeconomic characteristics of smallholder sorghum farmers were:farming experience, age, sexual orientation, instructive level and family unit measure. The study indicates that the determinants of technical efficiency among smallholder sorghum farmers in Ga-Masemola town that were observed to be huge are the measure of land dedicated and the amount of seeds utilized. Farmers are confronting difficulties, for example, sicknesses, low capital, pests, separation to the homestead, absence of water and atmosphere (i.e. climate) changes.The study suggested and recommended that smallholder sorghum farmers in Ga-Masemola (GM) town require arable land to expand their production; they additionally require agriculture extension officers for training and spreading or disseminating information about inputs allocation. Besides, the smallholder farmers should be encouraged to utilize enhanced seeds varieties in order to expand their technical efficiency.
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9

Fourie, Wilbrie, Merwe Oberholzer, and Pieter Buys. "Die lewensvatbaarheid van boerbokboerdery: 'n Vergelykende gevallestudie." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 7, no. 3 (October 31, 2014): 837–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v7i3.240.

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The aim of this study was to design a case study where a number of management accounting evaluation techniques, namely performance measurement (short-term focus), capital investment evaluation (long-term focus) and risk, have been identified to compare the financial results of different scenarios between Boer goat, mutton breeds and beef cattle farming. The contribution of the study is that it simplifies the decision-making regarding the choice between the types of red meat farming used for different scenarios, namely farm size and available capital. Compliant software that have been developed, allow the user to compile unique scenarios and make decisions according to that. The value of this should be determined by taking into account that there are, as for other livestock types in South Africa, no readily available market indicators for the Boer goat currently. This deficiency leads to price uncertainty that makes it difficult to determine the value of the Boer goat industry.
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10

Dziba, L. E., P. F. Scogings, I. J. Gordon, and J. G. Raats. "The feeding height preferences of two goat breeds fed Grewia occidentalis L. (Tiliaceae) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Small Ruminant Research 47, no. 1 (January 2003): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4488(02)00234-1.

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11

Mdladla, Khanyisile, Edgar Farai Dzomba, and Farai Catherine Muchadeyi. "Characterization of the village goat production systems in the rural communities of the Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo and North West Provinces of South Africa." Tropical Animal Health and Production 49, no. 3 (February 1, 2017): 515–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-017-1223-x.

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12

Maesela, L. M., V. M. O. Okoro, and C. A. Mbajiorgu. "Marketing and Production Constraints of Dairy Goat Farmers in Limpopo Province of South Africa." Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research 38, no. 04 (December 26, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-151.

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This study was conducted to understand the constraints faced by rural dairy goat farmers holistically in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Since goat production for milk is common in the study area, this study was conducted to assess the constraints (production and marketing) faced by the farmers and possibly offer solutions. A sample of 110 rural household dairy-goat farmers were randomly selected from ten villages of Sekhukhune District of the Province. Descriptive statistics and Probit regression model were used to analyse the data. The results revealed that majority of the farmers were female and were between middle and old aged. Most of them were married with secondary education being the highest educational level attained. They mostly keep an average of 4 goats per household, with social grant being their major source of income. Probit analysis revealed that safety of dairy goat and grazing pastures (prlessthan0.025 and plessthan0.031 respectively) were major constraints of dairy goat production while breed improvement and milk processing prlessthan0.0001 and prlessthan0.0001 respectively) were major constraints of goat milk marketing faced by rural household dairy goat farmers. Farmers were willing to enhance their dairy goat production for sustainable milk production if security of their animals and grazing pastures could be improved upon. Also advanced breed improvement and milk processing techniques if provided by government would greatly increase the production of the dairy goat milk in the study area.
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13

"The indigenous sheep and goat breeds of South Africa." Livestock Production Science 46, no. 2 (August 1996): 155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-6226(96)82465-1.

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14

Norris, David, David Brown, Abram K. Moela, Tlou C. Selolo, Monnye Mabelebele, Jones W. Ngambi, and Thobela L. Tyasi. "Path coefficient and path analysis of body weight and biometric traits in indigenous goats." Indian Journal of Animal Research, OF (September 30, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ijar.5564.

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The study was conducted in Sekhukhune District of the Limpopo province, South Africa where the goats between the ages of 20 and 30 months were used. A total of 613 indigenous goats of both sexes (62 male and 551 female) were selected and body weight and four morphological traits were taken on each goat in the morning before they were released for grazing. Means, standard deviations (SD) and coefficients of variation (CV) were calculated. Pair wise correlations among body weight and morphological traits were also determined which ranged from 0.81-0.91 for male and 0.72-0.89 for female goats, respectively and were statistically significant (P
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15

Mokoele, Japhta M., B. Tom Spencer, Leo A. M. G. Van Leengoed, and Folorunso O. Fasina. "Efficiency indices and indicators of poor performance among emerging small-scale pig farmers in the Limpopo Province, South Africa." Onderstepoort J Vet Res 81, no. 1 (February 19, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v81i1.774.

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Limpopo is a very important area for pig production in terms of animal populations and contributions to transboundary animal disease spread. Emerging small-scale pig farmers (ESSPF) are being encouraged to establish operations and spread in South Africa; however, for these farmers to perform optimally, they need to understand the basics of animal agriculture and contribute to enhancing biosecurity and efficient production systems. In the present study, the limitations to efficient production amongst ESSPF were evaluated and some improvements were suggested. It was found that the ESSPF are dominated by males and include a large percentage of older persons. A total of 26.54% of these farmers have post-matriculation qualifications. Undefined and indigenous breeds still dominate their animal genetics. The animal health technicians are the preferred channels by which farmers report diseases to the authorities (52.47%) and only one out of five (20.37%) will preferably report a disease situation direct to a veterinarian. These farmers do not vaccinate their stock, and knowledge of biosecurity is poor. Antimicrobials, especially tetracyclines, are abused. Animals that are slaughtered within the community or sold at local sale points, pension pay stations and auction markets are likely candidates for disease spread. It is recommended that the younger generations are retained and incentivised in animal agriculture. Improved training on management, health, biosecurity and better market access must be provided for the ESSPF, whilst efforts should made to consolidate these farmers into small cooperatives. The current government agricultural support system will need to be reworked to benefit the resource-poor farmers. Collaborative efforts in disease reporting and management among veterinarians, animal health technicians and extension officers will become necessary. Finally, the creation of a progressive quality grading system for ESSPF should be planned by the industry and this should be attached to a reward system that will encourage these farmers to target good farming practice.
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