Academic literature on the topic 'Goat-creation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Goat-creation"
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Zujovic, M., Z. Tomic, M. P. Petrovic, Ruzic Muslic, Z. Nesic, and S. Ivanovic. "Correlation of body mass of Serbian white goat and type of kidding and production traits." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 23, no. 5-6-1 (2007): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0701365z.
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Main breeding objective in improvement of goat production is realization of increase of number of animals and production and creation of constant highly productive goat breeding on private farms of individual producers. For economically efficient goat production, size and number of goats in the herd are of great importance. Considering that goats of greater body mass should realize higher production, body mass of head can serve as one of the parameters in selection. Objective of this research was to determine optimal body masses of heads in population of Serbian White goat, in hilly-mountainous region of Stara Planina Mountain, in semiintensive rearing system (pasture-stable) and in relation to realized production. Based on results of research it can be concluded that optimal body mass of investigated heads in population of Serbian White goat in regard to observed parameters of production is between 40-47 kg.
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Bawm, Saw, Wint Yi Maung, Myat Yee Win, May June Thu, Hla Myet Chel, Tin Aye Khaing, Soe Soe Wai, et al. "Serological Survey and Factors Associated withToxoplasma gondiiInfection in Domestic Goats in Myanmar." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4794318.
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Goat farming is important for the livelihood of millions of rural people because it contributes to food security and creation of assets. However, infection of goats withToxoplasma gondiicould be a source of parasite transmission to humans. The information onT. gondiiinfection of goat was not reported yet in Myanmar. A total of 119 goat serum samples were collected from three cities in the central region of Myanmar forT. gondiiantibody survey. With the occurrence value obtained in this first study, a second one, more complete, with larger number (162) of animals and properties, was carried out and the risk factors and prevalence were determined. In both studies the samples were analyzed by the LAT. Of these, 32 (11.4%) samples were showed to be positive. The infection was associated with the presence of cats at the farm (odds ratio [OR] = 4.66, 95% confidential interval [CI] = 1.03–21.06), farming with different animal species (sheep, cattle, and pigs) (OR = 4.33, 95% CI = 1.57–11.94), and farming without good management practices (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.06–0.83). This is the firstT. gondiiprevalence study in goats in the country.
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Fournié, Guillaume, Dirk U. Pfeiffer, and Robin Bendrey. "Early animal farming and zoonotic disease dynamics: modelling brucellosis transmission in Neolithic goat populations." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 2 (February 2017): 160943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160943.
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Zoonotic pathogens are frequently hypothesized as emerging with the origins of farming, but evidence of this is elusive in the archaeological records. To explore the potential impact of animal domestication on zoonotic disease dynamics and human infection risk, we developed a model simulating the transmission of Brucella melitensis within early domestic goat populations. The model was informed by archaeological data describing goat populations in Neolithic settlements in the Fertile Crescent, and used to assess the potential of these populations to sustain the circulation of Brucella . Results show that the pathogen could have been sustained even at low levels of transmission within these domestic goat populations. This resulted from the creation of dense populations and major changes in demographic characteristics. The selective harvesting of young male goats, likely aimed at improving the efficiency of food production, modified the age and sex structure of these populations, increasing the transmission potential of the pathogen within these populations. Probable interactions between Neolithic settlements would have further promoted pathogen maintenance. By fostering conditions suitable for allowing domestic goats to become reservoirs of Brucella melitensis , the early stages of agricultural development were likely to promote the exposure of humans to this pathogen.
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Ayana Dibessa, Zelalem. "Review on Epidemiology and Public Health Importance of Goat Tuberculosis in Ethiopia." Veterinary Medicine International 2020 (September 25, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8898874.
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Small ruminant is an important and integral part of livestock in Ethiopia. Especially, goats are attractive to people of Ethiopia because of the ability to resist challenges, easily adapt to different ecological regions, and need small land to rearing and small initial capital in which poor people can engaged in the production system. In spite of the presence of large number of goat population in Ethiopia, it fails to utilize expected productivity due to many factors. Among the factors, which limit the economic returns of goats, diseases stand frontline. Tuberculosis is one the diseases that affect goats’ health and production in Ethiopia. Goat tuberculosis is a chronic disease, which is characterized by the development of granulomas, essentially in the respiratory tract and related lymph nodes, from which the mycobacteria are discharged and contaminate other susceptible animals. Goat tuberculosis has a public health implication in Ethiopia because of the farmers’ habit of consuming raw goat milk and its products, and they do have consistent or day-to-day contact with their goats. The etiological agents also transmitted to humans through the aerogenous route from those animals with active cases in the herd. The infection has been reported from several parts of different areas of the country dependent on the abattoir inspections. Therefore, attention should be given towards the control of tuberculosis in livestock; public health education on zoonotic importance of the disease or awareness creation and the national tuberculosis control needs to consider the one health approach, and further epidemiological studies should be undertaken.
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Dean, Alison, and Nur Indrianti. "Transformative service research at the BoP: the case of Etawa goat farmers in Indonesia." Journal of Services Marketing 34, no. 5 (April 18, 2020): 665–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-07-2019-0251.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore how value creation and transformative service research (TSR) are interconnected at the base of the pyramid (BoP). To do so, the study seeks consumers’ perceptions of changes in well-being from value creation and the means by which these changes become transformative. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative, longitudinal design was used, involving a community education project in Indonesia. Data collection consisted of interviews with Etawa goat farmers and village leaders after one year (n = 21), and a further three years (n = 10). Findings Findings from the study are used to advance a model for value creation and TSR at the BoP, which identifies three critical change periods within consumers. These periods suggest that creating improvements in well-being of consumers requires their initial recognition of value outcomes, realisation of agency and a new vision for the future. Research limitations/implications Research in other contexts is warranted to confirm the model, to further explore well-being from service at the BoP and to identify issues that diminish consumers’ confidence and stall transformation. Methodological challenges at the BoP also present avenues for insightful work. Practical implications Transformative service at BoP requires an emphasis on suitable structures, collaborative processes and management skills to facilitate consumers gaining agency and control, so that they can use their new and existing resources effectively and/or differently. Social implications Participants highlighted positive changes to well-being at both individual and collective levels. Notably, some changes were not directly related to initial service provision but reflected improvements, such as employment for women, and better hygiene, health and education of families. Originality/value By exploring the interconnection between transformative service and value creation, this study addresses the issue of when value creation becomes transformative and vital for poverty alleviation at the BoP. The proposed model incorporates TSR, service logic and other literature, illustrates a process moving from value determination to value expansion and highlights three critical intrasubjective change periods within actors.
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Braun, John T., James W. Ogilvie, Ephraim Akyuz, Darrel S. Brodke, and Kent N. Bachus. "Creation of an Experimental Idiopathic-Type Scoliosis in an Immature Goat Model Using a Flexible Posterior Asymmetric Tether." Spine 31, no. 13 (June 2006): 1410–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000219869.01599.6b.
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Dossa, L. H., C. Wollny, M. Gauly, and I. Gbégo. "Community-based management of farm animal genetic resources in practice: framework for focal goats in two rural communities in Southern Benin." Animal Genetic Resources Information 44 (April 2009): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900002832.
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SummaryThis paper describes and analyses the process of implementing participatory community-based management (CBM) towards sustainable management of goat genetic resources in two rural communities in Southern Benin from November 2005 to February 2007. The process started with the selection of the communities. This was followed by a participatory situation analysis, identification of problems and of possible solutions, and the provisionof relevant information and training to interested farmers. It was facilitated by a multidisciplinary research team composed of a specialist in livestock production systems, a socio-economist and an agronomist. The interaction between the research team and the farmers aimed to develop and implement community led strategies towards better management and conservation of the local resources of goat. The approach adopted to facilitate the creation of representative, accountable and legal local institutions and the efforts made in ensuring their empowerment are described. It has been shown that once local people recognise the benefits of such community-based activities and are offered the relevant information and technical support, they can organize themselves effectively and take appropriate actions to better manage and conserve their local resources. The interactive nature of thisapproach allows its rapid adjustment to different local conditions and thus its replication elsewhere.
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Deniskova, Tatiana Evgenievna, Arsen V. Dotsev, Marina I. Selionova, Margaret S. Fornara, Henry Reyer, Klaus Wimmers, Gottfried Brem, and Natalia A. Zinovieva. "PSX-17 Genome-wide diversity and demographic history of Russian native goat breeds." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.783.
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Abstract Specific environmental conditions and local livestock management systems resulted in creation of valuable native breeds. The timely monitoring of genetic diversity within native breeds based on using high-throughput DNA arrays will prevent their irreparable loss. In this regard, we aimed to assess genome-wide diversity and to study demographic history of Russian native goat breeds (Altai Mountain, Orenburg, Soviet Mohair, Dagestan Milk, Dagestan Local, Dagestan Fluff and Karachaev) based on SNP-data. A total of 200 goats were genotyped using Goat 50K SNP BeadChip (Illumina, USA). Quality control and SNP-filtering were performed in PLINKv1.9. R package ‘diveRsity’ was used to calculate observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), and inbreeding coefficient (Fis). Effective population sizes (Ne) were estimated in SneP software. Observed heterozygosity was high and exceeded 0.402 in five out of seven breeds. Orenburg, Soviet Mohair, Dagestan Milk, and Karachaev breeds showed slight excess of heterozygotes varied from 0.6% (Fis= -0.015) in Orenburg to 1.7% (Fis= -0.04) in Karachaev breed. The traces of insignificant inbreeding were found in Dagestan Local (Fis=0.005) and Dagestan Fluff (Fis= 0.01) breeds. The recent effective population sizes estimated for four generations ago varied from 140 in Karachaev to 472 in Orenburg breed. Analysis of historical trends in effective population sizes estimated for sixty generations ago revealed obvious decrease ranging from 10.25% in Dagestan Local to 34.65% in Orenburg breed. However, recent effective sizes in Russian native goats are higher than critical threshold (Ne= 100) that is essential to breed maintenance in the future. Our research findings provide an evidence that Russian native goat breeds are not in endangered status, but development of the effective utilization programs is highly recommended. The genotyping of 96 goats was funded by RSF No. 19-76-20006. The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project № 18-316-20006.
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Skrzyszowska, Maria, and Marcin Samiec. "Generating Cloned Goats by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer—Molecular Determinants and Application to Transgenics and Biomedicine." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 14 (July 13, 2021): 7490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147490.
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The domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), a mammalian species with high genetic merit for production of milk and meat, can be a tremendously valuable tool for transgenic research. This research is focused on the production and multiplication of genetically engineered or genome-edited cloned specimens by applying somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which is a dynamically developing assisted reproductive technology (ART). The efficiency of generating the SCNT-derived embryos, conceptuses, and progeny in goats was found to be determined by a variety of factors controlling the biological, molecular, and epigenetic events. On the one hand, the pivotal objective of our paper was to demonstrate the progress and the state-of-the-art achievements related to the innovative and highly efficient solutions used for the creation of transgenic cloned does and bucks. On the other hand, this review seeks to highlight not only current goals and obstacles but also future challenges to be faced by the approaches applied to propagate genetically modified SCNT-derived goats for the purposes of pharmacology, biomedicine, nutritional biotechnology, the agri-food industry, and modern livestock breeding.
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Parsons, D. M., N. T. Shears, R. C. Babcock, and T. R. Haggitt. "Fine-scale habitat change in a marine reserve, mapped using radio-acoustically positioned video transects." Marine and Freshwater Research 55, no. 3 (2004): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf03190.
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Large-scale changes in subtidal reef habitats have occurred within the Leigh Marine Reserve (New Zealand) since its establishment in 1976. To determine the extent of habitat change within Goat Island Bay, video transects positioned by a radio acoustic positioning telemetry (RAPT) system were used to map habitats within a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. This map was compared to a map of the same area constructed 22 years earlier in 1978. Visual categorisation of habitats was consistent with the quantification of habitat-forming species within quadrats, justifying the creation of a map based on visually interpreted video footage. Furthermore, the large-scale changes in habitats were consistent with smaller-scale changes in community structure identified at permanent sites located in the study area. The most obvious changes were the total disappearance of ‘urchin barrens’ across all depths and the recovery of kelp forest in water <8 m, caused by a trophic cascade related to predator recovery. In water > 12 m, the extent of kelp forest and sponge flats was found to decrease by 25 and 33%, respectively, while turfing algal habitat had increased by 50%. This increase in turfing algal habitat had not been previously documented due to the spatial scale of traditional sampling methods.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Goat-creation"
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Nascimento, Antonia SÃmia Fernandes do. "ExpressÃo, purificaÃÃo e caracterizaÃÃo estrutural da bdh-2 recombinante, uma espermadesina presente no plasma seminal de bode (Capra hircus)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4513.
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nÃo hÃO cDNA da bodesina Bdh-2 presente no plasma seminal de caprino (Capra hircus) foi subclonado no vetor de expressÃo pTrcHis TOPO utilizado para transformar cÃlulas E.coli Top 10 One Shot. Os clones recombinantes foram selecionados atravÃs de crescimento em meio LB-Broth contendo 50 μg/mL de ampicilina e amplificaÃÃo do gene por PCR. A sÃntese da proteÃna recombinante rBdh-2 fusionada com cauda de histidina foi monitorada atravÃs de SDS-PAGE seguido por immunobloting usando anticorpo monoclonal anti histidina. A produÃÃo da rBdh-2 atravÃs da induÃÃo a baixas temperaturas nÃo se mostrou satisfatÃria. A maior produÃÃo da rBdh-2 ocorreu com IPTG 1,5 mM apÃs 2 horas de induÃÃo. O mÃtodo utilizado para a purificaÃÃo da proteÃna recombinante rBdh-2 foi atravÃs de cromatografia de afinidade em coluna His-Trap seguida por cromatografia de troca-iÃnica em coluna de DEAE-Sephacel. A estrutura secundÃria da rBdh-2 foi avaliada atravÃs do perfil espectral de dicroÃsmo circular (CD) que confirmou a predominÃncia de estruturas secundÃrias do tipo folhas-β, a presenÃa de um baixo conteÃdo de estruturas nÃo-ordenadas e de hÃlices-. A rBdh-2 manteve sua estrutura estÃvel atà 35 ÂC. No entanto, mudanÃas significativas foram observadas a partir de 40 ÂC referentes à descaracterizaÃÃo do espectro de CD.
The Bdh-2 bodhesin cDNA present in seminal plasma of goat was subcloned in the expression plasmid pTrcHis TOPO used to transform E. coli Top10 One shot cells. The recombinant clones were selected by growth in 50 μg/mL ampicillin-containing LB-Broth medium and PCR amplifications. The recombinant protein synthesis was monitored by SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting using monoclonal anti-His antibody. The production of the rBdh-2 through low temperature was not satisfactory. A greater production of the rBdh-2 occurred with IPTG 1.5 mM after 2 h of induction. The method utilized to the purification of the rBdh-2 was realized in affinity chromatography on a His-Trap column following ion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE-Sephacel column. The secondary structure of the rBdh-2 was evaluated through spectral profile circular dichroism (CD) and confirmed the prevalence of secondary structures like β-sheets, the presence of a low content of unfolded structures and helices-. The rBdh-2 structure remained stable up to 35 ÂC. However, significant changes were observed from 40 ÂC related to a distortion of the spectrum of CD.
Book chapters on the topic "Goat-creation"
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Bagnato, Alessandra, Fabio Raiteri, Christian Jung, and Frank Elberzhager. "Creating and Applying Security Goal Indicator Trees in an Industrial Environment." In Software Design and Development, 999–1013. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4301-7.ch048.
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Security inspections are increasingly important for bringing security-relevant aspects into software systems, particularly during the early stages of development. Nowadays, such inspections often do not focus specifically on security. With regard to security, the well-known and approved benefits of inspections are not exploited to their full potential. This book chapter focuses on the Security Goal Indicator Tree application for eliminating existing shortcomings, the training that led to their creation in an industrial project environment, their usage, and their reuse by a team in industry. SGITs are a new approach for modeling and checking security-relevant aspects throughout the entire software development lifecycle. This book chapter describes the modeling of such security goal based trees as part of requirements engineering using the GOAT tool dedicated plug-in and the retrieval of these models during the various phases of the software development lifecycle in a project by means of Software Vulnerability Repository Services (SVRS) created in the European project SHIELDS (SHIELDS - Detecting known security vulnerabilities from within design and development tools).
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Bagnato, Alessandra, Fabio Raiteri, Christian Jung, and Frank Elberzhager. "Creating and Applying Security Goal Indicator Trees in an Industrial Environment." In Threats, Countermeasures, and Advances in Applied Information Security, 266–80. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0978-5.ch014.
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Security inspections are increasingly important for bringing security-relevant aspects into software systems, particularly during the early stages of development. Nowadays, such inspections often do not focus specifically on security. With regard to security, the well-known and approved benefits of inspections are not exploited to their full potential. This book chapter focuses on the Security Goal Indicator Tree application for eliminating existing shortcomings, the training that led to their creation in an industrial project environment, their usage, and their reuse by a team in industry. SGITs are a new approach for modeling and checking security-relevant aspects throughout the entire software development lifecycle. This book chapter describes the modeling of such security goal based trees as part of requirements engineering using the GOAT tool dedicated plug-in and the retrieval of these models during the various phases of the software development lifecycle in a project by means of Software Vulnerability Repository Services (SHIELDS, Software Vulnerability Repository Services) created in the European project SHIELDS (SHIELDS, SHIELDS - Detecting known security vulnerabilities from within design and development tools).
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Bell, Derrick. "The Racial-Sacrifice Covenants." In Silent Covenants. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195172720.003.0008.
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In Prehistoric Times, a people fearing that they had irritated their gods would seek to make amends by sacrificing a lamb, a goat, or sometimes a young virgin. Somehow, the shedding of innocent blood effected a renewed connection between the people and their gods. A similar though seldom recognized phenomenon has occurred throughout American racial history. To settle potentially costly differences between two opposing groups of whites, a compromise is effected that depends on the involuntary sacrifice of black rights or interests. Even less recognized, these compromises (actually silent covenants) not only harm blacks but also disadvantage large groups of whites, including those who support the arrangements. Examples of this involuntary racial-sacrifice phenomenon abound and continue. Afew of the more important are: the slavery understandings, the Constitution, universal white male suffrage, the Dred Scott v. Sandford case, the Hayes-Tilden compromise, and the southern disenfranchisement compromise. Contemporary sacrifices of black rights and interests underlie policies on the death penalty, drug-penalty sentencing rules, and reliance on standardized test scores in college and graduate school admissions procedures. Historian Edmund Morgan explains that plantation owners in the early seventeenth century recognized that they needed a stable work force to grow and profit from tobacco. Because Native Americans woulde scape or die, and the indentures of whites came to an end, the solution, over a decade or so, was to sentence African laborers to slavery indenture for life. The landowners convinced working class whites to support African enslavement as being in their interests, eventhough these yeoman workers could never compete with wealthy land owners who could afford slaves. Slaveholders appealed to working-class whites by giving them the chance to vote and by urging them, owing to their shared whiteness, to unite against the threat of slave revolts or escapes. The strategy worked. Wealthy whites retained all their former prerogatives, but the creation of a black subclass enabled poor whites to identify with and support the policies of the upper class. With the safe economic advantage provided by their slaves, large landowners were willing to grantpoor whites a larger role in the political process. Thus, paradoxically, slavery for blacks led both to greater freedom for poor whites and aneconomic structure that would keep them poor.