Journal articles: 'Goats Goats Sheep Benin'

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Salifou, Sahidou, Sabbas Attindéhou, Chakirath Folakè Arikè Salifou, and Louis-Joseph Pangui. "Prevalence and zoonotic aspects of small ruminant mange in the lateritic and waterlogged zones, southern Benin." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 22, no. 2 (June 2013): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612013000200043.

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An epidemiological survey was undertaken from March to September 2010 to assess the prevalence and zoonotic aspects of scabies in small ruminants in two agro-ecological zones in southern Benin. Small ruminant (n = 444) smallholders and 1,807 of their animals (1,233 West African dwarf goats and 574 West African dwarf sheep) were included in the study. The animals underwent physical examination and, when scabies-like lesions were found, crusts and integument scrapings were collected for microscopic parasitological tests. The samples collected in each survey were coded in accordance with the owner-animal pairings in order to assess the degree of correlation between mange cases in humans (smallholders) and their animals. The overall prevalence of scabies was 28.33% and 9.5% in animals and smallholders (human cases) respectively. Infestations were significantly (p < 0.001) more frequent in goats (39.6%) than in sheep. The uniqueness of the etiological agent (Sarcoptes scabiei), the very high predictive value of human scabies in infected farms (83.67%) and a very high odds ratio (OR = 2,019.25) indicate that small ruminant scabies has been transmitted to smallholders by their animals. Close contact between these smallholders and their animals was a determining factor in this interspecies communicability of sarcoptic mange.

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Sogbohossou, Etotépé A., Hans H. de Iongh, Brice Sinsin, Geert R. de Snoo, and Paul J. Funston. "Human–carnivore conflict around Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, northern Benin." Oryx 45, no. 4 (October 2011): 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605310001109.

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AbstractClose proximity between humans and large predators results in high levels of conflict. We investigated the extent of, and factors leading to, this conflict through focal group and individual interviews in all villages around Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, northern Benin. Livestock losses from 2000 to 2007 (n = 752) were reported to be mainly caused by spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta (53.6%), baboon Papio anubis (24.8%), and lion Panthera leo (18.0%). These predators mainly predated sheep and goats (52.1%) and pigs (42.3%), with lions being the main predators of cattle (78.9%). Lion and hyaena diets were more diverse than that of baboons, which killed only small stock. The level of conflict increased during 2000–2007. Predation rate differs between predator species and is significantly influenced by month, rainfall of the month before the predation event, and length of the dry period in a year. The geographical position of the village, the distance of the village to the Park and the number of herbivores legally killed every hunting season also influenced predation intensity. Our findings suggest that improvement of husbandry techniques and education will reduce conflicts and contribute to improved conservation of these threatened predators.

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Aboubakar, Moussa Wari, Gratien Boni, and Placide Cledjo. "Essai D’evaluation Des Gisements De Dechets Organiques Animaux D’abattage Dans La Perspective D’une Planification De Leur Gestion Durable Dans Le Grand Nokoue Au Sud-Benin." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 30 (October 31, 2018): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n30p477.

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The slaughterhouse of Cotonou and the surfaces of slaughtering of Porto-Novo, Abomey-Calavi, Sèmè-Kpodji and Ouidah constitute sources of animal solid matter flow in Large Nokoué. Within the framework of this research, it is refers to the contents of paunches considered for their potential of valorization in the production of biogas and the compost. Then, the quantitative evaluation their layers is a contribution to the efficient use of those as resources or raw materials, for a planning of future management. The methodological approach used is centered on the document retrieval, the datagathering by measurements or weighing of the roughs weight of contents of paunch of the animal species using balance of brand CAMRY as well as recovery of the statistics of slaughtering in the structures in charge of the breeding and the services of inspection of the activities of slaughtering units. The data obtained were treated then the analyzed results. The sample size selected is of 50 individuals of species cattle and 50 individuals of species of caprine sheep. The data analysis was analyzed, inter alia, thanks to software SPSS version 17.0 was used for the statistical analyses. It comes out from this research that each shot down cattle generate 48.5612 kg of waste (contained digestive). It is advisable to recall that the majority of the cattle taken as sample is race zebu and bull-fighting. As for the sheep and goats, each animal generates a quantity of approximately 4.0364 kg of waste. With this average of 48.5612 kg of contents of bovine paunch, and 4.0364 kg for the sheep and goats, the layer of contents the digestive ones was estimated at 1060 tons for the year 2011, and at 1298 tons for the year 2015 at the level of Large Nokoué. If this trend is maintained, this layer could border 2011 tons by 2030. The evaluation of the layers of contents of paunch produces by the activities of demolition the sector of the study regarded as largest parts of the fractions which may undergo beneficiation of the livestock wastes takes part in the installation of strategies of perpetuation of the actions of treatment and valorization within the framework of a sector.

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Alian, Shahriar, Fatemeh Ahangarkani, and Sara Arabsheybani. "A Case of Orf Disease Complicated with Erythema Multiforme and Bullous Pemphigoid-Like Eruptions." Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/105484.

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Parapoxvirus infection in sheep and goats is usually referred to ascontagious pustular dermatitis/ecthyma, ororf, and the corresponding human infection is referred to asorf. In humans, after a brief incubation period of 3 to 5 days, lesions begin as pruritic erythematous macules and then rise to form papules, often with a target appearance. Lesions become nodular or vesicular, and orf lesions often ulcerate after 14 to 21 days. Erythema multiforme and bullous pemphigoid have been associated with parapoxvirus infections and they are rare complications of orf disease. In this case report, we presented a 36-year-old woman with history of contact with sheep, developing a typical orf lesion that is complicated with erythema multiforme and bullous pemphigoid-like eruptions.

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Radojicic, Biljana, Horea Samanc, and Ivan Ivanov. "Contemporary approach in diagnostics, prophylaxis and treatment of footrot in sheep." Veterinarski glasnik 59, no. 1-2 (2005): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0502107r.

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Footrot in sheep is a chronic, infectious disease of the acropodium in sheep, less frequently in goats and mountain goats, of a multifactor nature, which is also considered to be a disease of poor management in sheep breeding. Over the recent years, Dichelobacter nodosus is given as the main cause, previously known as Bacteroides nodosus. Coaction with several other saprophytic and pathogenic bacteria is no longer so significant in etiopathogenesis, and it is considered more important to determine the virulence of the strain D. nodosus. The disease is called contagiousus ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) if the infection was caused by a very virulent strain of D. nodosus, and the disease often ends with the so-called removal of the foot. A speedy identification of the agent can provide insight into the clinical form of the disease, its course and predicted outcome. A benign strain of the agent causes only a mild to medium virulent laminitis, with poorly expressed interdigital dermatitis, when the animal openly limps on one or two legs. A very virulent strain leads to a grave form of infectious interdigital dermatitis, as a supurous-necrotic dermatitis, with significant damage to the bone and expressed limping of the animal. Footrot is present in sheep in almost all countries of the world, in particular in countries with a developed sheep production (New Zealand, Australia and the United Kingdom), where it causes significant economic damages. In our country, footrot in sheep occurs mainly in the Raska district, eastern Serbia and Vojvodina province, but the percentage varies from herd to herd. The irregular and incorrect processing of hoofs (an important zootechnical measure) significantly contributes to the occurrence and spreading of this disease, as well as a series of other contributing factors, such as soft and moist earch, bad climatic conditions (warm and humid weather). In activities on prevention and prophylaxis of this disease, as well as the treatment of footrot in sheep, which is complex in nature, there have been attempts to apply different disinfectants. For instance, disinfection with 10% copper sulphate, 5-8% formalin, as well as, more recently, zink sulphate, either in the form of a powder or as a solution (from 10-20% ZnSO4), several times during different time intervals, are recommended in literature and are being implemented in practice. There are a number of prescriptions for disinfection of hoofs and some of them have been shown to be very efficient. Zinc sulphate has certain advantages in hoof disinfection: it is a bactericide, it penetrates deeper into the tissue in the crucial spot, it protects the horny part of the hoof, it is less toxic, ecologically acceptable (more readily disposable), and less expensive than other mentioned disinfectants. The use of antibiotics is justified only in individual isolated cases, in the treatment of interdigital dermatitis diagnosed on several legs. However, the application of wide-specter antibiotics sprayed into the interdigital space has proven justified and efficient. Immunoprophylaxis yields different results and is mostly implemented in lambs and sheep in early stages of gravidity. Only regular and expert processing of hoofs, using a zinc sulphate disinfectant in the form of a solution according to a prescribed procedure, the use of antibiotics in rare cases, putting animals to pasture in well-drained soil, and vaccination of certain categories of animals can all significantly contribute to the efficient eradication of this persistent disease in sheep.

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Nepochatenko, A., and V. Nepochatenko. "Analysis of the development of the livestock sector in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine for 1995-2017." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 2(151) (December 16, 2019): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2019-151-2-16-22.

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The theoretical analysis of possible single-factor regressions, which correspond to the decrease in the number of livestock of agricultural animals during the crisis period and increase their number at the exit from the crisis state, is made in the work. It is shown that during the crisis period, the dynamics of the reduction of the livestock correspond to the modified exponential regression. It is proposed to find two parameters of these regressions using the least squares method, the third one to be determined by the numerical method with a minimum of MAPE. With the growth of livestock caused by an increase in investments, this evolution corresponds to a modified logistic regression. The two logistic regression parameters find using the least squares method, the third and fourth parameters were determined by numerical method with a minimum of MAPE, as functions of two variables. The obtained theoretical conclusions are in good agreement with the statistical data that correspond to the dynamics of the number of cows, pigs, sheep, goats and poultry in Ukraine for the period 1995-2017. It was shown that changes in the number of cows during the whole period under investigation correspond to the modified exponential regression. The stock of pigs from 1995 to 2001 in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine also decreased under the exponential law. Since 2002 there has been a gradual increase in the number of pigs - including until 2013. In this period, the dynamics corresponded to the logistic regression of Pearl-Reed. Beginning in 2014, due to the loss of part of Ukraine's controlled areas and the complicated epizootic situation (African swine fever), the gradual decrease in the number of pigs began. The modified exponential regression also corresponded to the change in livestock of sheep and goats in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine in 1995-2005. From 2006 to 2010 there was a slight increase in livestock, then its gradual decrease, and from 2014 the total number of sheep and goats was again in line with the modified exponential regression. The dynamics of the number of poultry in agricultural enterprises in Ukraine resembles the process of changing the number of pigs. At first, it decreased, then grew. Between 1995 and 2000, the number of poultry decreased by exponential dependence. Starting from 2001 to 2013, the number of poultry increased annually, which is explained by the significant increase in the volume of state support for the poultry industry. During this period, the change in the size of the poultry fitted well with the modified logistic regression of Pearl-Reed. In 2014-2016, the number of poultry decreased annually, primarily due to changes in the geographical structure of exports. In order to begin the outbreak of the livestock sector from the crisis, it is necessary to increase the volume of domestic and foreign investment in fixed capital, increase the purchasing power of the population, the level of purchasing prices for milk and meat, improve the credit policy, and increase the amount of state aid to agricultural producers. In addition, it is necessary to create appropriate conditions for the expansion of product markets, first of all, by ensuring the process of modernization of production on an innovative basis, which will contribute to improving the quality characteristics of manufactured products in accordance with modern requirements of European and international standards. The said will allow to significantly increase the volume of agricultural production and will contribute to increasing the competitiveness of national agrarian commodity producers both in the domestic and world markets. Key words: animal husbandry in agricultural enterprises, logistic and exponential regression, forecasting.

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NSAP, NJAP. "Sheep and Goats." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 1, no. 1 (January 16, 2021): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v1i1.2572.

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Grogono-Thomas, Rosemary. "Treating sheep and goats." Veterinary Record 171, no. 22 (November 30, 2012): 565.2–565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.e8071.

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Francis, Leslie J., and Greg Smith. "Separating Sheep from Goats." Journal of Adult Theological Education 9, no. 2 (December 2012): 175–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/ate.9.2.gw21522035374468.

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McGregor, B. A., P. J. A. Presidente, and N. J. Campbell. "The influence of stocking rate and mixed grazing of Angora goats and Merino sheep on animal and pasture production in southern Australia. 4. Gastrointestinal parasitism." Animal Production Science 54, no. 5 (2014): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an13108.

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Gastrointestinal nematodes limit the growth, production and welfare of goats but there are few reliable sources of information for recommending management practices across flocks. The effects of animal species (Angora goat, Merino sheep, mixed-grazed goats and mixed-grazed sheep at the ratio of 1 : 1) and stocking rate (SR: 7.5, 10, 12.5 animals/ha) on gastrointestinal parasitism were determined in a replicated experiment on improved annual temperate pastures in southern Australia, from 1981 to 1984. Detailed monitoring of gastrointestinal nematodes was undertaken on animals before, during (five times per year) and at the conclusion of studies using faecal strongyle egg counts (WEC) and total worm counts. Sheep had a greater proportion of nematodes as Teladorsagia spp. and goats a greater incidence of Trichostrongylus spp. Both goats and sheep developed resistance to Nematodirus spp. during the experiment. WEC was similar in goats and sheep at the start of the experimental period but, thereafter, was consistently greater in goats than in sheep. While WEC was highly related to total worm count, the regressions for sheep and goats were different. Increasing the SR increased the WEC of goats and mixed-grazed goats but not of sheep. During the experiment, WEC declined at 7 and 10 animals/ha but increased at 12.5/ha. Mixed grazing with goats provided beneficial effects for sheep at all stocking rates, but the effects for goats were dependent on the stocking rate, being beneficial at 7.5 and 10/ha but harmful at 12.5/ha. The WEC of separately grazed goats were generally higher than the WEC of mixed grazed goats. The WEC of mixed sheep were lower than those of separately grazed sheep. During the experiment, the WEC of mixed grazed sheep declined faster than the WEC of separately grazed sheep but the WEC of separately grazed goats at 12.5/ha and of mixed grazed goats at 10 and 12.5/ha increased. Under the environmental and pastoral conditions examined, Angora wether goats should not be grazed at SR above those recommended for wether sheep. In the present study, the impact of gastrointestinal-nematode infections in goats was reduced at lower SR. Further, mixed grazing of Angora wether goats with wether sheep at or below the recommended SR resulted in reduced gastrointestinal parasitism for both sheep and goats, compared with monospecific grazing conditions. Goats did not represent a gastrointestinal-nematode hazard to sheep.

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Nascimento, Eduardo Melo, Édipo Moreira Campos, Lisanka Ângelo Maia, Rosane Maria Trindade Medeiros, Maria Dalva Bezerra de Alcântara, Sara Dantas Vilar, and Franklin Riet-Correa. "Megaesophagus in sheep and goats." Ciência Rural 46, no. 8 (May 10, 2016): 1450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20151414.

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ABSTRACT: Megaesophagus is a rare disease in ruminants characterized by regurgitation of rumen contents. In this paper it was described cases of megaesophagus in two sheep and two goats on a farm in the state of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. All animals showed regurgitation of rumen contents and weight loss, with a clinical course of several months. At necropsy all animals presented megaesophagus. Histological examination showed segmental muscle necrosis in the esophagus and skeletal muscles. Serum samples from one sheep and one goat were negative for the presence of blue tongue antibodies by ELISA, and whole blood and muscle samples from one goat were negative for this virus by RT PCR. Epidemiological data and pathology suggested that the disease could have been caused by some toxic plant, but known plants causing segmental muscle necrosis were not observed in the areas where the disease occurred.

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Windsor, P. A. "Paratuberculosis in sheep and goats." Veterinary Microbiology 181, no. 1-2 (December 2015): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.07.019.

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Pettigrew, John. "The sheep and the goats." Trends in Biotechnology 17, no. 3 (March 1999): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7799(99)01302-5.

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Menzies, Paula I., and Siti Z. Ramanoon. "Mastitis of Sheep and Goats." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 17, no. 2 (July 2001): 333–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30032-3.

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Johnson, Darrell D., and Melissa C. Libal. "Necropsy of Sheep and Goats." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 2, no. 1 (March 1986): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)31277-9.

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Sargison, Neil. "Scrapie in sheep and goats." In Practice 17, no. 10 (November 1995): 467–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.17.10.467.

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Shodhan, K. V., and R. S. Chauhan. "Tumours of sheep and goats." Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology 20, si (2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2018.00011.4.

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Taylor, Polly M. "Anaesthesia in sheep and goats." In Practice 13, no. 1 (January 1991): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.13.1.31.

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DaMassa, Al J., Patricia S. Wakenell, and Dale L. Brooks. "Mycoplasmas of Goats and Sheep." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 4, no. 1 (January 1992): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063879200400126.

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McGregor, B. A. "Influence of stocking rate and mixed grazing of Angora goats and Merino sheep on animal and pasture production in southern Australia. 2. Liveweight, body condition score, carcass yield and mortality." Animal Production Science 50, no. 2 (2010): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an09129.

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The effects of animal species (AS; Angora goats, Merino sheep, mixed-grazed goats and sheep at the ratio of 1 : 1) and stocking rate (SR; 7.5, 10 and 12.5 animals/ha) on the liveweight, body condition score, carcass yield and mortality of goats and sheep were determined in a replicated experiment on improved annual temperate pastures in southern Australia from 1981 to 1984. The pattern of liveweight change was similar for both species with growth from pasture germination in autumn until maturation in late spring followed by weight loss. In winter, sheep grew faster than goats (65 versus 10 g/day, P < 0.05). In mixed-grazed treatments between November and December goats either grew when sheep were losing weight or goats lost less weight than sheep (P < 0.01). Both AS (P < 0.001) and SR (P < 0.001) affected liveweight of sheep and an AS × SR interaction (P < 0.05) affected liveweight of goats. Mixed-grazed sheep were heavier than separately grazed sheep at all SR with a mean difference at 10 and 12.5/ha of 4.6 kg. Mixed-grazed goats at 10/ha were heavier than separately grazed goats from the end of the second year of the experiment, but at 12.5/ha, separately grazed goats maintained an advantage over mixed-grazed goats, with a 9.4-kg mean difference in December (P < 0.05). Body condition scores of goats and sheep declined with increasing SR; they were highest in late spring and were highly correlated with liveweight (r2 > 0.8). Both AS and SR affected (P < 0.001) carcass weight and GR tissue depth as a direct result of differences in liveweight. Adjusting for differences in carcass weight negated AS effects on GR tissue depth. The carcass weights of sheep and goats increased by similar amounts for each 1-kg increase in liveweight. Mortality of sheep (3.1% p.a.) was unaffected by AS or SR. An AS × SR interaction indicated mortality of separately grazed goats at 12.5/ha and mixed-grazed goats at 10 and 12.5/ha were higher (P < 0.05) than all other goat (29 versus 9%) and sheep treatments, primarily because of increased susceptibility to cold stress. Disease prevalence differed between sheep and goats. Mixed grazing of Merino sheep and Angora goats produced complementary and competitive effects depending upon the SR. Goats used summer pasture better but winter pasture less well for liveweight gain than sheep. Angora goats should not be grazed alone or mixed grazed with sheep on annual temperate pastures at SR greater than that recommended for Merino sheep and the evidence indicates a lower SR will reduce risks associated with mortality.

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Stojmanovski, Zharko, Milka Zdravkovska, Vaso Taleski, Svetlana Jovevska, and Velo Markovski. "Human Brucellosis in the Republic of Macedonia by Regions Depending on Vaccination Procedures in Sheep and Goats." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2014): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.025.

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Background: Besides the strategy based on test-and-slaughter policy for seropositive sheep and goats after an evaluation of the situation, vaccination measure of those animals against brucellosis with Rev 1 vaccine in 2008 have been implemented.Aims: To examine the influence of the new measure for control and eradication of brucellosis in sheep and goats on the incidence of human brucellosis before and after vaccination with B. melitensis Rev.1.Material and methods: This is a retrospective study in which comparison of the incidence of human brucellosis in the three regions has been made depending on the vaccination procedure in sheep and goats one year before the implementation of the vaccination (2007) and 4 years later. Data for the infected sheep and goats were obtained from the Food and Veterinary Agency and data for human brucellosis were obtained from the Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Macedonia.Results: The greatest decrease in the incidence of human brucellosis (from 124.3 to 19.7/100,000 inhabitants) was registered in the region 3 where mass vaccination of sheep and goats was conducted. The highest incidence rate of brucellosis in sheep and goats was registered in 2007 (2010/100,000 sheep and goats) and the lowest in 2011 (156/100,000 sheep and goats). Periodic prevalence of brucellosis in sheep and goats prior to vaccination was 6882/100,000 sheep and goats and after vaccination 3698/100,000 sheep and goats (p<0.05). There was a moderate positive correlation between the number of infected individuals with brucellosis and the number of infected sheep and goats (r=0.26).Conclusion: Decline of the incidence of human brucellosis is one of the major indicators for successfully implemented new control programs and strategies for prevention and eradication of brucellosis in sheep and goats. Vaccination was good measure to control brucellosis in the 3 regions.

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Norton, BW, JM Cavaye, and JW Hales. "Grazing management studies with Australian cashmere goats. 4. Cobalt supplementation and intestinal parasite burdens in sheep and goats in south-eastern Queensland." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 6 (1990): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900789.

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A flock of 32 weaner wether sheep (Border Leicester x Merino) and 32 weaner male goats (Australian cashmere) were grazed (37 animals/ha) on a common pasture of N-fertilised pangola grass from early March until June. One half of each group (16 animals) was supplemented with cobalt, and one half of each of these groups (8 animals) was dosed with approximately 500 infective helminth larvae at 2-week intervals throughout the trial. The final treatment was a drenching regime for one half (4 animals) of each of the above groups, levamisole (Nilverm) at 0, 2, 4 and 7 weeks and rafoxanide (Ranide) at 2-week intervals thereafter. There was no significant effect (P>0.05) of either cobalt supplementation or dosing with larvae on liveweight change, parasite egg concentrations in faeces or daily parasite egg excretion. Sheep gained significantly (P<0.05) more weight (50 g/day) than goats (31 g/day) in the first 7 weeks, and sheep also responded significantly (P<0.05) to drenching in this period whilst goats did not. In the second 8 week period, goats and sheep lost weight at a similar rate (-11 g/day), and both sheep and goats responded significantly (P<0.05) to drenching. The drenching program significantly (P<0.05) decreased faecal egg counts in sheep but not in goats. Undrenched sheep generally had higher concentrations of eggs in faeces than did undrenched goats, and with the exception of 1 sampling period, sheep also excreted significantly (P<0.05) more faecal eggs daily than goats. Undrenched sheep had significantly (P<0.05) lower haemoglobin concentrations in blood (82 gL) than drenched sheep (97 g/L). Undrenched goats also had lower blood haemoglobin concentrations (88 g/L) than did drenched goats (92 g/L). Cobalt supplementation did not exacerbate intestinal parasite burdens in either sheep or goats, and whilst goats did not appear to be more susceptible to intestinal parasites than sheep, the drenching strategies used for sheep were not effective in these goats.

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Ventura-Cordero, J., P. G. González-Pech, J. F. J. Torres-Acosta, C. A. Sandoval-Castro, and J. Tun-Garrido. "Sheep and goat browsing a tropical deciduous forest during the rainy season: why does similar plant species consumption result in different nutrient intake?" Animal Production Science 59, no. 1 (2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an16512.

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During the rainy season, the tropical deciduous forest (TDF) supposedly represents an abundance of biomass for sheep and goats. Nevertheless, quantitative estimations of feed intake during the rainy season are lacking. This study investigated the feeding behaviour of sheep and goats in a TDF in Mexico and quantified their nutrient intake during the rainy season. Plant species (PS) consumed, size and weight of bites, and nutritional quality were determined by continuous bite monitoring through direct observation. Adult ewes (n = 3) and goats (n = 3) were observed in their grazing circuits (4 h/day) for 12 days during the rainy season. Sheep and goats consumed 61 PS and performed a similar median number of bites (1751 vs 2053 bites/day, respectively; P > 0.05). Although they shared 52.5% of the PS consumed, only seven PS contributed most of the dry matter intake (DMI) for sheep (96.7%) or goats (90.5%). Sheep consumed more grass than goats (79.8% vs 48.3% of their DMI, respectively), whereas goats ate more shrubs than sheep (30.0% vs 7.6% of their DMI, respectively). The diet ingested by goats included more polyphenols (P < 0.05) and a higher frequency of larger and heavier bites than sheep (P < 0.05). Sheep reached 61.3% and 57.7% of their metabolisable energy and crude protein maintenance requirements. Similarly, goats covered 63.3% of their metabolisable energy and 108.2% of crude protein requirement. Although the main ration of sheep and goats was composed of similar PS, their different feeding behaviour resulted in different macronutrient consumption.

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Várady, M., E. Papadopoulos, M. Dolinská, and A. Königová. "Anthelmintic resistance in parasites of small ruminants: sheep versus goats." Helminthologia 48, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-011-0021-7.

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AbstractAnthelmintic resistance among parasites of sheep and goats has been known to occur for at least four decades. Both species of host have similar genera of nematodes, but the nematodes in goat herds usually develop anthelmintic resistance more rapidly. In vitro tests show higher ED50 values in goats than in flocks of sheep. Sheep and goats differ in many ways; for example, goats have a higher metabolic rate and require higher dose rates for drugs. The immune system of goats is also different. Additionally, these animals are reared under different management systems, i.e. sheep graze pastures and goats browse bushes, and lambing/kidding periods are different. Most anthelmintics used in goats have not been licensed for this animal species, and correct dose rates have rarely been experimentally determined. Possible explanations for such differences are discussed.

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Kam, Michael, Shaher El-Meccawi, Arieh Brosh, and A. Allan Degen. "Resting and field metabolic rates of Awassi sheep and Baladi goats raised by Negev bedouin." Journal of Agricultural Science 158, no. 5 (July 2020): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859620000726.

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AbstractSheep are grazers and goats are intermediate feeders. By employing O2 consumption and heart rate measurements, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and field metabolic rate (FMR) were determined in four male fat-tailed Awassi sheep (44.0 ± 3.94) and four male Baladi goats (35.5 ± 5.42 kg) that were co-grazing natural pasture in the Negev Desert. There were 67.7 ± 3.75 g DM/m2 of herbaceous vegetation biomass, which was rapidly becoming senescent and more fibrous. We hypothesized that FMR of these desert-adapted ruminants would be relatively low when compared to other sheep and goat breeds, as animals in arid areas tend to have low metabolic rates. Both sheep (n = 6) and goats (n = 6) foraged 71% of the allotted 11 h free-pasture period; however, sheep grazed more than goats (P < 0.001); whereas goats browsed more than sheep (P < 0.001). RMR was higher (P = 0.007) in sheep than in goats (529 ± 23.5 v. 474 ± 25.4 kJ/kg0.75 BW/d), but FMR did not differ between species (618 ± 55.7 v. 613 ± 115.2 kJ/kg0.75 BW/d). In addition, the cost of activities, as a proportion of FMR, did not differ between sheep and goats; FMR increased by 89 kJ/kg0.75 BW/d or 17% in sheep and by 138 kJ/kg0.75 BW/d or 29% in goats. In comparing FMRs of sheep and goats in this study with these species in other studies, differences were inconsistent and, therefore, our hypothesis was not supported.

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El-Hewaity, Mohamed, Amera Abd El Latif, Ahmed Soliman, and Mohamed Aboubakr. "Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Cefquinome (Cobactan 2.5%) following Repeated Intramuscular Administrations in Sheep and Goats." Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014 (May 19, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/949642.

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The comparative pharmacokinetic profile of cefquinome was studied in sheep and goats following repeated intramuscular (IM) administrations of 2 mg/kg body weight. Cefquinome concentrations in serum were determined by microbiological assay technique using Micrococcus luteus (ATCC 9341) as test organism. Following intramuscular injection of cefquinome in sheep and goats, the disposition curves were best described by two-compartment open model in both sheep and goats. The pharmacokinetics of cefquinome did not differ significantly between sheep and goats; similar intramuscular dose rate of cefquinome should therefore be applicable to both species. On comparing the data of serum levels of repeated intramuscular injections with first intramuscular injection, it was revealed that repeated intramuscular injections of cefquinome have cumulative effect in both species sheep and goats. The in vitro serum protein-binding tendency was 15.65% in sheep and 14.42% in goats. The serum concentrations of cefquinome along 24 h after injection in this study were exceeding the MICs of different susceptible microorganisms responsible for serious disease problems. These findings indicate successful use of cefquinome in sheep and goats.

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27

KAM, M., S. EL-MECCAWI, and A. A. DEGEN. "Foraging behaviour and diet selection of free-ranging sheep and goats in the Negev Desert, Israel." Journal of Agricultural Science 150, no. 3 (January 4, 2012): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859611000955.

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SUMMARYThe foraging behaviour and dietary selection of free-ranging Awassi sheep and Negev goats when shepherded in the Negev Desert was determined. Measurements were made for 9 weeks (W1–W9) from the beginning of February, following winter rains and emergence of annual plants, to the end of March, after the herbaceous vegetation dried up. Since sheep are grazers and goats are intermediate feeders, it was predicted that goats would browse more and consume proportionately more browse than sheep. These predictions were only partially supported. In fact, the foraging pattern was similar between sheep and goats (Mantel test, P<0·05) until W8 and only towards the end, at W9, did patterns differ significantly (Mantel test, P=0·214) between these two ruminants. There was no difference (P=0·575) between sheep and goats in foraging; however, a period effect was found (P<0·001). In February (W2), sheep and goats grazed 0·69 and 0·71 of the time allotted for foraging and neither species browsed. Browsing commenced only at the beginning of March (W4), when goats browsed 0·08 of the time and sheep 0·07 of the allotted time for foraging. The proportion of time spent browsing increased at the end of March (W9) when annuals disappeared, but the total time spent foraging decreased: goats browsed 0·29 and grazed 0·25, while sheep browsed 0·19 and grazed 0·26 of the time allotted for foraging. Goats increased the proportion of browse consumed gradually throughout the season, whereas sheep maintained a relatively higher proportion of herbaceous plants and only in late March (W8), at which time very little herbaceous plants were available, shifted abruptly to consume mainly browse. In W8, browse composed 0·85 of the dry matter (DM) intake in goats and 0·62 of the DM intake in sheep. A simultaneous analysis of foraging time allocation and relative diet composition revealed that both small ruminants were more efficient in consuming browse than herbaceous plants, more so in goats than sheep. It was concluded that vegetation availability and foraging habits affected dietary selection. Both sheep and goats only grazed when herbaceous plants were abundantly available; differences between ruminant species were apparent when herbaceous plants became scarcer, at which time goats browsed more and consumed proportionately more browse than sheep. The results contribute to better understanding of feeding behaviour and dietary selection of sheep and goats under natural desert pastures and could be useful in the management of mixed flocks.

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Chigerwe, M., and M. Aleman. "Seizure Disorders in Goats and Sheep." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 30, no. 5 (August 16, 2016): 1752–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14566.

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29

Donoghue, Susan, and David S. Kronfeld. "Clinical Nutrition of Sheep and Goats." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 6, no. 3 (November 1990): 563–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30832-x.

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30

Mowlem, A., and T. T. Treacher. "Milk production from sheep and goats." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1987 (March 1987): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600034504.

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As farmers seek alternative enterprises to boost falling incomes, interest is focussed on sheep and goat farming. In recent years the number of sheep and goat dairy units in the United Kingdom has increased. There are now 20-30 sheep milking units accounting for around 6000 ewes and about 150 commercial goat dairy units milking a total of over 12000 goats, with many more part-time units milking small numbers of goats.The recent increase in the demand for speciality cheese and yoghurt has created good market outlets for sheep and goat milk and milk products. The small size of the animals and the facilities required for them means much less start-up capital is required than for many other livestock systems. It also means the units can be operated by female family labour. The current growth of the industry also means sale of female replacers can make a significant contribution to the income. There is already a well established sheep industry in the UK and milking can be seen as an extension of this.

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31

Laishevtsev, A. I. "Mannheimiosis of cattle, sheep and goats." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 548 (September 2, 2020): 072038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/548/7/072038.

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32

Hodges, Matthew. "Narrative: The sheep from the goats." Anthropology Today 16, no. 5 (October 2000): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8322.t01-1-00025.

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Ewing, Karin Kuersten. "Anesthesia Techniques in Sheep and Goats." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 6, no. 3 (November 1990): 759–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30845-8.

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Basrur, Parvathi K., and Bhola R. Yadav. "Genetic Diseases of Sheep and Goats." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 6, no. 3 (November 1990): 779–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30846-x.

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35

Lloyd, Sheelagh. "Caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats." In Practice 16, no. 1 (January 1994): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.16.1.24.

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36

Greig, Alastair. "Johne's disease in sheep and goats." In Practice 22, no. 3 (March 2000): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.22.3.146.

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PEET, RL, J. DICKSON, and M. HARE. "Kikuyu poisoning in goats and sheep." Australian Veterinary Journal 67, no. 6 (June 1990): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1990.tb07769.x.

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McGREGOR, B. A. "Goats and sheep are mixed feeders." Australian Veterinary Journal 62, no. 11 (November 1985): 394–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1985.tb14226.x.

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39

Reitmaier, Sandra, Friedmar Graichen, Aboulfazl Shirazi-Adl, and Hendrik Schmidt. "Separate the Sheep from the Goats." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume 99A, no. 19 (October 2017): e102(1)-e102(11). http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.17.00172.

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Thamsborg, S., R. Jorgensen, and E. Brummerstedt. "Sawfly poisoning in sheep and goats." Veterinary Record 121, no. 11 (September 12, 1987): 253–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.121.11.253.

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Gall, C. F. "Sheep and Goats in Developing Countries." Livestock Production Science 14, no. 4 (June 1986): 385–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-6226(86)90017-5.

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42

Bale, J. O. O., S. Nuru, P. B. Addo, and I. A. Adeyinka. "Bacteriological investigation of sheep and goats milk for brucellosis in government farms in Northern Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 30, no. 1 (January 16, 2021): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v30i1.1845.

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Bacteriological investigations of sheep and goats brucellosis were carried out in Northern Nigeria. Seven government or quasi-government farms were investigated. A total of 418 sheep and goats milk samples were examined culturally. Investigation revealed a 34.75 percent and 15.88 percent rate of infection in goats and sheep by milk ring test. Of 277 sheep and 141 goats milk samples examined culturally brucellae were isolated from four sheep and six goats giving a total of ten isolates. Biochemical and serological studies of the isolates revealed that they were Br. melitensis indicating Br. melitensis as probably the common cause of brucellosis in sleep and goals in the areas surveyed. The results show that there was greater chance of isolating Brucella from milk which were strongly positive than from those which were weakly positive. The economic importance and public health significance of brucellosis in sheep and goats are discussed.

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43

Pokorná, P., P. Hejcmanová, M. Hejcman, and V. Pavlů. "Activity time budget patterns of sheep and goats co-grazing on semi-natural species-rich dry grassland." Czech Journal of Animal Science 58, No. 5 (April 30, 2013): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6749-cjas.

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Activity time budget patterns and grazing response to sward and environmental conditions were investigated for paddocks of sheep and goats co-grazing for conservation purposes on a semi-natural species-rich dry grassland community endangered by shrub and tall perennial plant encroachment in a protected nature reserve in South Moravia (Czech Republic). Grazing was conducted by a rotational stocking system for 14 weeks in late grazing season in 2008 with 60 dry ewes and 20 goats. Twelve ewes and four goats were observed; grazing, ruminating, idling and other activities (salt licking, social interactions, walking), along with topographical position in the paddock were recorded at 5-minute intervals within 14 hours of daylight. Sheep and goats did not differ in their principal activity time budgets, such as the average total daylight time spent grazing (sheep: 8.57 h, goats: 8.59 h), ruminating (sheep: 1.42 h, goats: 1.44 h), or idling (sheep: 3.23 h, goats: 3.18 h), the duration of bouts of each activity, or the number of bouts of grazing and ruminating. There was no pattern in activity time budgets indicating dynamics in progressing season, nor was there a response to daily average temperature or to paddock size. Sheep and goats showed similar responses to groundcover of particular plant functional types. The animals showed a positive trend in response of total daylight grazing time to grass available biomass and a negative response of total daylight grazing time to herbaceous biomass for both sheep and goats. The total daylight grazing time was independent of availability of woody plants. Goats devoted more time (1.51 h) to other activities than sheep (1.34 h), especially to social interactions and salt licking. On the other hand, sheep spent proportionally more time walking. Both sheep and goats showed similar patterns in spatial use of paddocks on hill slopes, spending the most time in the middle part and the least time in the lower part of paddocks. 

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44

Schilling, Anna-Katarina, Helmut Hotzel, Ulrich Methner, Lisa D. Sprague, Gernot Schmoock, Hosny El-Adawy, Ralf Ehricht, Anna-Caroline Wöhr, Michael Erhard, and Lutz Geue. "Zoonotic Agents in Small Ruminants Kept on City Farms in Southern Germany." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 11 (March 23, 2012): 3785–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.07802-11.

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ABSTRACTSheep and goats are popular examples of livestock kept on city farms. In these settings, close contacts between humans and animals frequently occur. Although it is widely accepted that small ruminants can carry numerous zoonotic agents, it is unknown which of these agents actually occur in sheep and goats on city farms in Germany. We sampled feces and nasal liquid of 48 animals (28 goats, 20 sheep) distributed in 7 city farms and on one activity playground in southern Germany. We found that 100% of the sampled sheep and 89.3% of the goats carried Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC). The presence ofStaphylococcusspp. in 75% of both sheep and goats could be demonstrated.Campylobacterspp. were detected in 25% and 14.3% of the sheep and goats, respectively. NeitherSalmonellaspp. norCoxiella burnetiiwas found. On the basis of these data, we propose a reasonable hygiene scheme to prevent transmission of zoonotic agents during city farm visits.

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45

Ndom, Mallé, Gora Diop, Yann Quilichini, Tetsuya Yanagida, Cheikh Tidiane Ba, and Bernard Marchand. "Prevalence and Scanning Electron Microscopic Identification of Anoplocephalid Cestodes among Small Ruminants in Senegal." Journal of Parasitology Research 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3937292.

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This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of anoplocephalid cestodes in sheep and goats in Senegal. Intestines of 462 sheep and 48 goats were examined; 47.4% of sheep and 6.2% of goats were infected. The species identified and their prevalence were, among sheep,Avitellina centripunctata38.7%,Moniezia expansa15.4%,Stilesia globipunctata16.7%, andThysaniezia ovilla0.4%. Among goats, they wereM. expansa6.2% andT. ovilla2.1%. The prevalence of all species was not statistically different between dry and rainy seasons. The infections were single or multiple. Indeed, 56.2% of sheep were infected by a single species, 37.4% by two species, and 6.4% by three species. For goats, 66.7% were infected byM. expansaand 33.3% by bothM. expansaandT. ovilla. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations of tapeworms show the general diagnosis characters of these species.

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46

Mikaeel, Farhad B. "Prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in Goats and Sheep by Using ELISA in Sera and Milk in Duhok, Iraq." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 44, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/ijvm.v44i2.983.

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An indirect ELISA technique was used to determine the prevalence of infection in sera and milk samples among goats and sheepin Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Results of the present study shows that the prevalence of infection was higher in sera compared to milk samples among goats and sheep as follow: (6.3, 4.2%) and (8.9, 5.6%) respectively and there was no statistical significance difference in goats at P value =0.42, also there was no statistically differences at P value= 0.22. ELISA results also shows that the prevalence according to the age among goats and sheep were higher in animal aged > 2 years in both sera and milk samples were (7.5, 5.3%) and (11.3, 7%) respectively and there was no significant difference between age groups of goats and sheep by ELISA. The present study is the first study done to determine the prevalence of F. hepatica in both sera and milk samples among local goats and sheep. Continuously screening of sheep and goats for Fascioliasis and using of anthelmintic to control the infection in small ruminants is necessary

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47

Nardelli, Stefano, Astrid Bettini, Katia Capello, Giuseppe Bertoni, and Alexander Tavella. "Eradication of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus in the goat population of South Tyrol, Italy: analysis of the tailing phenomenon during the 2016–2017 campaign." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 32, no. 4 (June 18, 2020): 589–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638720934055.

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Since 2007, the Autonomous Province of Bolzano–South Tyrol (Italy) has carried out a compulsory eradication program against caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) in goats. A drastic seroprevalence reduction was achieved during the initial phase (2007–2011); however, a tailing phenomenon has been observed during the latest years, hampering the achievement of the final goal. CAEV belongs to a group of lentiviruses, called small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs), which are antigenically related and can infect both goats and sheep. We investigated the possible link between the tailing phenomenon in goats and the role of sheep as a virus reservoir by comparing serologic results between multispecies farms (where goats and sheep coexist) and monospecies farms (goats only). Goats on multispecies farms had a higher prevalence and seroconversion rate (even if to a rather moderate extent), higher antibody titers, and a higher probability of conclusive results in the genotyping analysis, with more frequent identification of SRLV genotype A (sheep-related) infections. Sheep can serve as a SRLV reservoir, thus contributing to scattered positive tests in goats, causing the tailing phenomenon.

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48

Holst, P. J., C. J. Allan, M. H. Campbell, and A. R. Gilmour. "Grazing of pasture weeds by goats and sheep. 2. Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius L.)." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 6 (2004): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea97041.

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Sheep and goats were allocated to 1.6 ha paddocks containing populations of scotch broom with 4–10%�ground cover and grazed by either 4 sheep or 6 goats. Subjective scoring of defoliation and persistence was conducted at 4–8-weekly intervals over almost 2 years. While the sheep had minimal impact on the vigour of the broom plants, goats had a major impact when broom density was low (4% ground cover) but no impact when broom density was at 10% ground cover. This same pattern was evident for defoliation. Goats also stripped bark from broom stems during winter increasing broom ill thrift in goat paddocks. While sheep browsed up to 90 cm height, goats browsed up to 120 cm at low broom density. Both sheep and goats removed stem and flowering points preventing seed production within browse reach and also removed the new broom shoots over summer, whereas sheep preferred pasture once it became more abundant. Pasture availability was greater in goat-grazed paddocks over the flowering period and when new shoots were produced by broom. When broom seeds were fed to goats, 8%�of the seeds remained viable following ingestion.

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Ismael Hassen, Zuber, and Azad Abdullah Meerkhan. "Detection And Molecular Characterization of Theileria Ovis in Sheep And Goats with Clinical The Ileriosis in Kurdistan, Iraq." Journal Of Duhok University 23, no. 2 (December 9, 2020): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26682/sjuod.2020.23.2.8.

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This study was carried out to detect Theileria infection in sheep and goats in Kurdistan region, Iraq from June 2019 to April 2020. Molecular method was used to identify Theileria species. Sixty- seven blood samples were taken from 45 sheep and 22 goats based on clinical signs of theileriosis during tick activating season. The 67 samples were PCR edm and as a result, 20 species-specific PCR were positives (26.67% (12/20) were Theileria ovis in sheep and 36.36% (8/20) were from goats). The results of the gene analysis in the current study were registered in NCBI under four accession numbers (MN889986, MN889987, MN889988 and MN889989), which shows that sheep and goats can be infected with Theileria ovis. This is the first report of Theileria species in goats with clinical theileriosis in Kurdistan, so the gene flow and disease transmission between sheep and goats is most expected. PCR is a useful diagnostic tool to detect ovine theileriosis with a single test and suggested that T. ovis is the dominant piroplasmid agent in Erbil. In addition, it revealed that sheep is very susceptible to theileriosis than goats

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Carmo, Priscila Maria Silva do, Francisco A. Uzal, Pedro M. O. Pedroso, and Franklin Riet-Correa. "Conidiobolomycosis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis in sheep and goats: a review." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 32, no. 6 (September 14, 2020): 826–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638720958338.

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We review herein infections by Conidiobolus spp., Cryptococcus spp., and Aspergillus spp. in sheep and goats. Conidiobolus spp. are common causes of rhinitis in sheep and are less frequent in goats, in which Conidiobolus spp. also cause skin lesions. Cryptococcus spp. cause rhinitis, meningitis, encephalitis, and pneumonia in goats, and are rarely observed in sheep. Aspergillus spp. may cause rhinitis in goats, and pneumonia and mastitis in sheep and goats. Gross and microscopic lesions caused by these 3 fungal infections may be similar to each other. The diagnosis of these diseases must be based on gross and microscopic lesions, coupled with detection of the agent by immunohistochemical, molecular, and/or culture-based methods.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Goats Goats Sheep Benin'

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