Journal articles: 'Gobi Desert'

1

Doyle, James. "Gobi Desert." Red Cedar Review 44, no. 1 (2009): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rcr.0.0020.

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Steers, J. A., Mildred Cable, and Francesca French. "The Gobi Desert." Geographical Journal 151, no. 2 (July 1985): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/633569.

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Yu, Yan, Olga V. Kalashnikova, Michael J. Garay, and Michael Notaro. "Climatology of Asian dust activation and transport potential based on MISR satellite observations and trajectory analysis." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 1 (January 11, 2019): 363–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-363-2019.

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Abstract. Asian dust, primarily emitted from the Taklamakan and Gobi deserts, has been reported to reach remote destinations, such as North America. However, the relative contribution of the Taklamakan and Gobi deserts to dust loadings through long-range transport remains unaddressed in any observational study. Here, the climatology of Asian dust activation and potential for transport is investigated using stereo observations of dust sources from the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument combined with observation-initiated trajectory modeling. MISR-derived dust plume top height and dust plume motion vectors confirm the peak of dust activation and transport potential in spring over the Gobi Desert and in both spring and summer over the Taklamakan Desert. The long-range trajectory patterns of Asian dust, including the influence on North America through trans-Pacific transport, are assessed using extensive forward trajectories initiated by MISR dust plume observations. The trajectory analysis reveals latitude-dependent spread of dust trajectories from the Taklamakan and Gobi deserts, with Taklamakan dust dominantly affecting to the south of 50∘ N and Gobi dust primarily affecting to the north of 50∘ N in North America. The Asian dust activation and transport potential exhibit substantial seasonal and interannual variability, motivating future studies on the potential drivers.

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Papelitzky, Elke. "Sand, Water, and Stars: Chinese Mapping of the Gobi and Taklamakan Deserts." T’oung Pao 107, no. 3-4 (September 8, 2021): 376–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685322-10703004.

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Abstract Many Chinese maps from the mid-sixteenth century onwards mark the Gobi Desert as a prominent strip visually separating China from what lies beyond. Even before that time, the Gobi, as well as the Taklamakan Desert appeared on maps. Influenced by statements from the early classic “Yugong,” Chinese scholars and Han literati during late imperial China’s history had perceived the deserts as some kind of boundary, while with the integration of these regions into Qing territory, the imperial Manchu view shifted away from the desert being a boundary. The terms for the desert as well as the graphical depiction on maps link the desert to water and to some extent also to celestial phenomena. This article explores the history and cultural significance of the desert from the Song to the mid-Qing period based on maps in relation with relevant texts and draws connections to the origins and changes of these depictions.

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Lezak, Stephen. "Re-Placing the Desert in the Conservation Landscape: Charisma and Absence in the Gobi Desert." Land 8, no. 1 (December 29, 2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8010003.

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Across the Gobi Desert in China and Mongolia, millions of newly planted trees struggle to survive amid adverse ecological conditions. They were planted by a wide variety of actors in an attempt to protect, restore, or modify the local environment, despite evidence of their negative consequences upon local ecosystems. This paper investigates how these afforestation projects both challenge and affirm recent theoretical work on conservation, while also providing key insights into the decision-making framework of land management across the world’s third largest desert region. This analysis, supported by evidence from corporate practice, government policy, and participant observation, builds primarily on the work of Jamie Lorimer and other authors who identify the charisma of certain species as a primary driver of contemporary conservation. But the case of afforestation in the Gobi is inadequately explained by a desire to protect individual species; rather, I show how the charisma at the level of the landscape influences conservation practice. I extend this analysis to suggest that the management of deserts worldwide may be mediated by their perception as absent or empty spaces, thus explaining projects like afforestation which seem to re-place rather than conserve. Using the framework of absence and presence to better understand land use and environmental governance could have implications extending well beyond the Gobi Desert.

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Ding, Jie, Zhipeng Li, Heyu Zhang, Pu Zhang, Xiaoming Cao, and Yiming Feng. "Quantifying the Aboveground Biomass (AGB) of Gobi Desert Shrub Communities in Northwestern China Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) RGB Images." Land 11, no. 4 (April 8, 2022): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11040543.

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Shrubs are an important part of the Gobi Desert ecosystem, and their aboveground biomass (AGB) is an important manifestation of the productivity of the Gobi Desert ecosystem. Characterizing the biophysical properties of low-stature vegetation such as shrubs in the Gobi Desert via conventional field surveys and satellite remote sensing images is challenging. The AGB of shrubs had been estimated from spectral variables taken from high-resolution images obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the Gobi Desert, Xinjiang, China, using vegetation feature metrics. The main results were as follows: (1) Based on the UAV images, several RGB vegetation indices (RGB VIs) were selected to extract the vegetation coverage, and it was found that the excess green index (EXG) had the highest accuracy and the overall extraction accuracy of vegetation coverage reached 97.00%. (2) According to field sample plot surveys, the AGB and shrub crown area of single shrubs in the Gobi Desert were in line with a power model. From the bottom of the alluvial fan to the top of the alluvial fan, as the altitude increased, the AGB of the vegetation communities showed an increasing trend: the AGB of the vegetation communities at the bottom of the alluvial fan was 2–90 g/m2, while that at the top of the alluvial fan was 60–201 g/m2. (3) Vegetation coverage (based on the UAV image EXG index) and AGB showed a good correlation. The two conform to the relationship model (R2 = 0.897) and the expression is Y = 1167.341 x0.946, where Y is the AGB of the sample plots in units g/m2 and x is the vegetation coverage extracted by the VI. (4) The predicted AGB values of Gobi Desert shrubs using UAV RGB images based on a power model were closer to the actual observed AGB values. The study findings provide a more efficient, accurate, and low-cost method for estimating vegetation coverage and AGB of Gobi Desert shrubs.

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Shenbrot, GI, KA Rogovin, and EJ Heske. "Comparison of Niche-Packing and Community Organization in Desert Rodents in Asia and North-America." Australian Journal of Zoology 42, no. 4 (1994): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9940479.

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We compared patterns of species diversity, locomotory morphology, feeding modes, and spatial organisation for rodent communities in four Asian deserts (Kyzylkum, Gobi, ?Thar, Negev) and one North American (Chihuahuan) desert. Deserts were similar in gamma and alpha diversity. A positive relationship between regional species diversity (and biomass) and mean annual precipitation was found. The Asian deserts showed a greater degree of divergence and specialisation between bipedal and quadrupedal forms. The range of feeding modes was similar in deserts on both continents, but the Negev was the only Asian desert in which granivory was as important as in the Chihuahuan. Temperate Asian desert rodents were organised into spatial guilds, separated primarily by characteristics of the soil and perennial vegetation. North American desert rodent species overlapped more extensively in habitat use. The similarities and differences between these deserts can be explained by their biogeographic histories.

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Lewin, Matthew, and B. Kuhn. "The Gobi Desert medical kit." Lancet 362 (December 2003): s4—s5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)15053-2.

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Bellis, Diane. "Dinosaur Breath: Change, Other Kinds of Fossils and Jurassic Park." Paleontological Society Special Publications 7 (1994): 327–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s247526220000962x.

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During the latest Cretaceous, before the demise of the last dinosaur, there were ferns, palm trees, and crocodiles in what is now desert in New Mexico, Seymour Island in Antarctica, and the Gobi Desert. Then things changed. Ferns, palm trees, and crocodiles no longer live in New Mexico, Antarctica, or the Gobi Desert because the climate changed. Throughout the 4.6 billion year history of the Earth, internal and external forces have caused changes in the very thin surface layer of the Earth where life exists.

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Tumendemberel, Odbayar, Michael Proctor, Harry Reynolds, John Boulanger, Amgalan Luvsamjamba, Tuya Tserenbataa, Mijiddorj Batmunkh, Derek Craighead, Nyambayar Yanjin, and David Paetkau. "Gobi bear abundance and inter-oases movements, Gobi Desert, Mongolia." Ursus 26, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.2192/ursus-d-15-00001.1.

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Zhang, Hongquan, and Zhuguo Ma. "Stability and tilting of regional water cycle over Tarim Basin." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 379 (June 5, 2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-379-31-2018.

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Abstract. The Tarim Basin is located upwind of the Gobi Desert where individual deserts have expanded significantly during the last 50 years. In recent history, stable runoff in the Tarim Basin has been observed despite the Lop Nur dry up and dramatic water consumption shift from east to west. This regional water cycle stability is conceptually explained based on the relationship between precipitation and evapotranspiration. The water consumption imbalance is caused by human activities near the river sources, which tilts the humidity profile over the basin. As a result, more water vapour spills from the western part of the basin and causes precipitation to increase in adjacent areas. At the same time, the Westerlies carry the low humidity air mass out of the eastern part of the basin to make the downwind Gobi Desert and surrounding areas drier. Therefore, the observed wetting on the west and drying on the east of northwest China are coupled.

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Zhu, Dan, Fei Hong, and Qi Sheng You. "The Gobi Desert Children Eye Study." Annals of Eye Science 3 (2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aes.2018.07.04.

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13

Hare, John. "THE MYSTERIES OF THE GOBI DESERT." Asian Affairs 40, no. 3 (November 2009): 408–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03068370903195196.

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Mares, Michael A. "Gobi: Tracking the Desert. John Man." Quarterly Review of Biology 75, no. 4 (December 2000): 490–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/393723.

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Waters, Hedwig Amelia. "Globalizing Beauty on the Gobi Desert." Anthropology Now 4, no. 3 (December 2012): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19492901.2012.11728375.

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Zhou, Jian, Qing Xia Liu, and Jun Xie. "Accident Characteristics and Safety Countermeasures for Continuous Downgrade Highway on Gobi Desert." Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (September 2013): 1053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.1053.

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Gobi desert highway in the road alignment and roadside environment has obvious characteristics. Based on the analysis of accident forms and accident causes can be concluded, the accident on continuous downgrade has a direct relationship with poor alignment, low-load driving operation, and monotonous roadside environment. To this end, the paper put forward specific security measures for ease fatigue and continuous downgrade alert, such as safety facilities design, speed management, service facilities optimization, etc. in order to significantly reduce the accident rate and eliminate major accident hidden dangers for continuous downgrade highway on Gobi desert.

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Niu, Yiping, Guodong Ren, Giulia Lin, Letizia Di Biase, and Simone Fattorini. "Community structure of tenebrionid beetles in the Ulan Buh Desert (Inner Mongolia, China) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)." Fragmenta Entomologica 51, no. 2 (November 15, 2019): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/fe.2019.380.

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Tenebrionids are a conspicuous faunal component of Central Asian deserts, but little is known about their community ecology. We investigated how tenebrionid community structure varied along a vegetational gradient in the Ulan Buh Desert (Gobi Desert). Sampling was done with pitfall traps in three sites with different vegetation cover. Species abundance distributions were fitted by the geometric series model, which expresses the “niche pre-emption” hypothesis. Community structure was investigated using different measures of diversity (number of species, Margaleff richness and Shannon-Weaner index), dominance (Simpson and Berger-Parker indexes) and evenness (Pielou’s index). The observed tenebrionid species richness was similar to that known from other Gobi Desert sites. The three investigated sites have similar species-abundance patterns, but the most dominant species varied among them. This suggests that the local environment operates a filtering action on the same basic fauna, allowing different species to dominate under different conditions. Overall, the highest total abundance was observed in the true desert site, however this site had a community structure similar to that observed in the site with more vegetation. By contrast, the investigated site with intermediate conditions showed a higher diversity and evenness, and a lower dominance. Thus, intermediate conditions of plant cover favour tenebrionid diversity, whereas a dense cover or a very sparse cover increases the dominance.

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CHURKIN, SERGEI V., KIRILL A. KOLESNICHENKO, and ROMAN V. YAKOVLEV. "Two new taxa of Plebejus Kluk, 1780 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from the Gobi desert, Mongolia." Zootaxa 4695, no. 1 (November 6, 2019): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4695.1.3.

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Plebejus chrisreai sp. n. and P. anikini azhbogdo ssp. n. are described from the Dzhungarian Gobi desert and the Transaltajan Gobi desert respectively. External distinctions as well as distinctions of the male genitalia are given for the new taxa and two related species known from Mongolia: Plebejus anikini Yakovlev, 2012 and P. germani Yakovlev, 2012. Genitalia of all the taxa mentioned are illustrated, the aedeagus and valva bear the most valuable taxonomic characters. Females of the new species have an unusual whitish colour of the upperside not known for the christophi species complex before. The distribution of Mongolian taxa and relatives from East Kazakhstan is discussed.

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Sternberg, Troy, Henri Rueff, and Nick Middleton. "Contraction of the Gobi Desert, 2000–2012." Remote Sensing 7, no. 2 (January 26, 2015): 1346–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs70201346.

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Young-Gweon Jeon. "Geomorphic Landscape of The Mongolia Gobi Desert." Journal of the Association of Korean Photo-Geographers 19, no. 3 (September 2009): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35149/jakpg.2009.19.3.006.

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Sternberg, Troy. "Desert boundaries: the once and future Gobi." Geographical Journal 181, no. 1 (February 14, 2014): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12071.

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Sternberg, Troy. "Transboundary hazard risk: the Gobi desert paradigm." Natural Hazards 72, no. 2 (January 7, 2014): 533–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-1022-2.

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Currie, Philip J. "Hunting Ancient Dragons in China and Canada." Paleontological Society Special Publications 7 (1994): 387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200009667.

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I was eleven years old when I read a book by Roy Chapman Andrews (1953) that changed my life. It was a book about dinosaurs, those magnificent animals that had captured my interest when I was even younger. But more significantly, the book was about looking for the remains of these ancient dragons in the Gobi Desert of China and Mongolia, and for the first time I learned that there was a potential career in hunting dinosaurs. The day I read the book was the day I decided to become a paleontologist. But in my wildest dreams I never imagined that I would follow in the footsteps of Andrews and end up in the Gobi Desert.

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Li, Yan, Xuejin Sun, Hui Ning, Hongcai Qin, and Jiuquan Zhao. "An Analysis of the Physical Characteristics of the Summer Low Atmosphere in the Gobi Desert Adjacent to Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China." Advances in Meteorology 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3061282.

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A month-long field observation campaign was conducted, which covered approximately 100 km2 of the Gobi Desert area on the southeast bank of Bosten Lake during the summer of 2016. The purpose of the study was to examine the physical characteristics of the low atmosphere over land-lake nonuniform underlying surfaces in the Gobi Desert of northwestern China. The results of the statistical analysis showed that, during the observational period, the average daytime surface horizontal thermal gradient reached up to −0.2°C/km from the lakeshore to southern Gobi Desert area. The near-surface wind field of the 7 km horizontal extent from the lakeshore was dominated by onshore breezes with average peak wind speeds above 5 m/s. In the atmospheric near-surface layer, an isohumidity layer at a height between 10 and 50 m a.g.l. was observed from 11:00 to 18:00 LST. Also, a case study for the atmospheric boundary layer and local circulation analyses was conducted. The onshore breezes were found to play a major role in the vertical structure of the local atmospheric boundary layer. The numerical simulation results indicated that there was an alternating day-night local circulation in the Bosten Lake area.

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Liu, Jie, and Jie Pan. "Economic Applicability Evaluation of the Method of Replacement with Gobi Desert in Tibetan Areas." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 2990–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.2990.

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There is lack of building materials in Tibetan areas of PRC, and its region is vast, so even the ordinary materials are usually expensive when construction. In order to take advantage of local materials, one kind of local materials can be seen everywhere, Gobi desert was used in the filling technology. According to application, it indicates that this material can meet the requirement of the code of China. Comparing to method of replacement with coarse sand which comes from local Lasha River and Niyang River, the economic effects of the method of replacement with Gobi desert is obvious. The same time the construction period can be shortened largely. The key control measures of construction quality are presented on the basis of engineering practice.

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Li, Sheng Yu, Jia Qiang Lei, Xin Wen Xu, Hai Feng Wang, and Feng Gu. "Dust Source of Sandstorm in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 4592–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.4592.

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Dust supply is important to sandstorm occurrence as well as wind regime. Dust supply is closely related to groundsurface conditions showed by these index soil physical composition, soil moisture, vegetation cover, human activities. The physical conditions of groundsurface in the Tarim basin is distributed in a ringlike pattern. From edge to hinterland, there are various landscapes in turn as follow: mountains, piedmont pluvial and alluvial fans and plains and shifting desert. At the same time, in this turn, different types of soil has been developed there: brown desert soil, ancient oasis cultivated soil (anthropogenic-alluvial soil), swamp soil, desert forest meadow soil, paddy soil, saline soil, takyr soil, shifting sandy soil, and so on. Through comprehensive analysis, some conclusions were drew as the follow: (1)shifting deserts are the major dust source of sandstorm occurred in the hinterland and the south fringe of the Taklimakan Desert; (2)cultivated soils are another dust source of sandstorm occurred in oasis areas disturbed by high-intensity human activities; (3) gobi deserts in upper of piedmont pluvial and alluvial fans and desert forest areas on alluvial plains are the potential dust sources with high dust-emitting ability that can be activiated by human activities.

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Anderson, CH, RW Murray, AG Dunlea, L. Giosan, CW Kinsley, D. McGee, and R. Tada. "Aeolian delivery to Ulleung Basin, Korea (Japan Sea), during development of the East Asian Monsoon through the last 12 Ma." Geological Magazine 157, no. 5 (March 18, 2019): 806–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001675681900013x.

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AbstractWe reconstruct the provenance of aluminosilicate sediment deposited in Ulleung Basin, Japan Sea, over the last 12 Ma at Site U1430 drilled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 346. Using multivariate partitioning techniques (Q-mode factor analysis, multiple linear regressions) applied to the major, trace and rare earth element composition of the bulk sediment, we identify and quantify four aluminosilicate components (Taklimakan, Gobi, Chinese Loess and Korean Peninsula), and model their mass accumulation rates. Each of these end-members, or materials from these regions, were present in the top-performing models in all tests. Material from the Taklimakan Desert (50–60 % of aluminosilicate contribution) is the most abundant end-member through time, while Chinese Loess and Gobi Desert components increase in contribution and flux in the Plio-Pleistocene. A Korean Peninsula component is lowest in abundance when present, and its occurrence reflects the opening of the Tsushima Strait at c. 3 Ma. Variation in dust source regions appears to track step-wise Asian aridification influenced by Cenozoic global cooling and periods of uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. During early stages of the evolution of the East Asian Monsoon, the Taklimakan Desert was the major source of dust to the Pacific. Continued uplift of the Tibetan Plateau may have influenced the increase in aeolian supply from the Gobi Desert and Chinese Loess Plateau into the Pleistocene. Consistent with existing records from the Pacific Ocean, these observations of aeolian fluxes provide more detail and specificity regarding the evolution of different Asian source regions through the latest Cenozoic.

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Pankova, Ye I., and M. V. Konyushkova. "The effect of global warming on soil salinity in arid regions." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 71 (June 30, 2013): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2013-71-3-15.

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The comparison of modern climatic conditions and soil salinity in subboreal deserts of Middle Asia (Turanian plain) and Central Asia (Gobi deserts) shows that climate has an effect on salinity of hydromorphic soils. From the other hand, the distribution and degree of salinity of automorphic desert soils are predominantly governed by the distribution of salt-bearing rocks inherited from the previous geologic stages and are not related directly to the modern aridity. This fact allows us to state that the global warming will not promote salinization of automorphic soils of arid regions, except for the soils subjected to aeolian salinization. Climate aridification will provoke soil salinization in hydromorphic conditions.

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Kuzmin, Sergius L., and Vladimir G. Ischenko. "Skeletochronology of Bufo raddei from the Gobi Desert." Journal of Herpetology 31, no. 2 (June 1997): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1565404.

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Stolz, Christian. "The northern Gobi desert – a former lake area." Quaternary International 279-280 (November 2012): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2012.08.1576.

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Miyazaki, A., Y. Kojima, J. Ishida, M. Kitagawa, K. Ushida, K. Miyazaki, R. Tserenduram, D. Namsrai, C. Renchinmyadag, and D. Batmunkh. "Nutritional ecology of herbivorous livestock in Gobi desert." CrossRef Listing Of Deleted DOIs 44, Suppl. 1 (1995): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:199505art0308.

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Miyazaki, A., Y. Kojima, J. Ishida, M. Kitagawa, K. Ushida, K. Miyazaki, R. Tserenduram, D. Namsrai, C. Renchinmyadag, and D. Batmunkh. "Nutritional ecology of herbivorous livestock in Gobi desert." Annales de Zootechnie 44, Suppl. 1 (1995): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:199505308.

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Logothetis, Stavros-Andreas, Vasileios Salamalikis, Antonis Gkikas, Stelios Kazadzis, Vassilis Amiridis, and Andreas Kazantzidis. "15-year variability of desert dust optical depth on global and regional scales." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 21 (November 11, 2021): 16499–529. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16499-2021.

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Abstract. This study aims to investigate global, regional and seasonal temporal dust changes as well as the effect of dust particles on total aerosol loading using the ModIs Dust AeroSol (MIDAS) fine-resolution dataset. MIDAS delivers dust optical depth (DOD) at fine spatial resolution (0.1∘×0.1∘) spanning from 2003 to 2017. Within this study period, the dust burden increased across the central Sahara (up to 0.023 yr−1) and Arabian Peninsula (up to 0.024 yr−1). Both regions observed their highest seasonal trends in summer (up to 0.031 yr−1). On the other hand, declining DOD trends are encountered in the western (down to −0.015 yr−1) and eastern (down to −0.023 yr−1) Sahara, the Bodélé Depression (down to −0.021 yr−1), the Thar (down to −0.017 yr−1) and Gobi (down to −0.011 yr−1) deserts, and the Mediterranean Basin (down to −0.009 yr−1). In spring, the most negative seasonal trends are recorded in the Bodélé Depression (down to −0.038 yr−1) and Gobi Desert (down to −0.023 yr−1), whereas they are in the western (down to −0.028 yr−1) and the eastern Sahara (down to −0.020 yr−1) and the Thar Desert (down to −0.047 yr−1) in summer. Over the western and eastern sector of the Mediterranean Basin, the most negative seasonal trends are computed at summer (down to −0.010 yr−1) and spring (down to −0.006 yr−1), respectively. The effect of DOD on the total aerosol optical depth (AOD) change is determined by calculating the DOD-to-AOD trend ratio. Over the Sahara the median ratio values range from 0.83 to 0.95, whereas in other dust-affected areas (Arabian Peninsula, southern Mediterranean, Thar and Gobi deserts) the ratio value is approximately 0.6. In addition, a comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting the sign, the magnitude and the statistical significance of the calculated trends is conducted. Firstly, the implications of the implementation of the geometric mean instead of the arithmetic mean for trend calculations are discussed, revealing that the arithmetic-based trends tend to overestimate compared to the geometric-based trends over both land and ocean. Secondly, an analysis interpreting the differences in trend calculations under different spatial resolutions (fine and coarse) and time intervals is conducted.

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Eguchi, K., I. Uno, K. Yumimoto, T. Takemura, A. Shimizu, N. Sugimoto, and Z. Liu. "Trans-pacific dust transport: integrated analysis of NASA/CALIPSO and a global aerosol transport model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 9 (May 14, 2009): 3137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-3137-2009.

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Abstract. Detailed 3-D structures of Trans-Pacific Asian dust transport occurring during 5–15 May 2007 were investigated using the NASA/CALIOP vertical-resolved measurements and a three-dimensional aerosol model (SPRINTARS). Both CALIOP and SPRINTARS dust extinctions showed a good agreement along the way of the transport from the dust source regions across North Pacific into North America. A vertically two-layered dust distribution was observed over the northeastern Pacific and North America. The lower dust layer originated from a dust storm generated in the Gobi Desert on 5 May. It was transported at an altitude of around 4 km MSL and has mixed with Asian anthropogenic air pollutants during the course of transport. The upper dust layer mainly originated from a dust storm that occurred in the Taklimakan Desert 2–3 days after the Gobi dust storm generation. The upper dust cloud was transported in higher altitudes above the major clouds layer during the Trans-Pacific transport. It therefore has remained unmixed with the Asian air pollutants and almost unaffected by wet removal. The decay of its concentration level was small (only one-half after its long-distance transport crossing the Pacific). Our dust budget analysis revealed that the Asian dust flux passing through the longitude plane of 140° E was 2.1 Tg, and one third of that arrived North America. The cases analyzed in this study revealed that, while the Gobi Desert is an important source that can contribute to the long-range dust transport, the Taklimakan Desert appears to be another important source that can contribute to the dust transport occurring particularly at high altitudes.

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Eguchi, K., I. Uno, K. Yumimoto, T. Takemura, A. Shimizu, N. Sugimoto, and Z. Liu. "Trans-Pacific dust transport: integrated analysis of NASA/CALIPSO and a global aerosol transport model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 1 (February 9, 2009): 4013–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-4013-2009.

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Abstract. Detailed 3-D structures of Trans-Pacific Asian dust transport occurring during 5–15 May 2007 were investigated using the NASA/CALIOP vertical-resolved measurements and a three-dimensional aerosol model (SPRINTARS). Both CALIOP and SPRINTARS dust extinctions showed a good agreement along the way of the transport from the dust source regions across North Pacific into North America. A vertically two-layered dust distribution was observed over the northeastern Pacific and North America. The lower dust layer originated from a dust storm generated in the Gobi Desert on 5 May. It was transported at an altitude of around 4 km MSL and has mixed with Asian anthropogenic air pollutants during the course of transport. The upper dust layer mainly originated from a dust storm that occurred in the Taklimakan Desert 2–3 days after the Gobi dust storm generation. The upper dust cloud was transported in higher altitudes above the major clouds layer during the Trans-Pacific transport. It therefore has remained unmixed with the Asian air pollutants and almost unaffected by wet removal. The decay of its concentration level was small (only one-half after its long-distance transport crossing the Pacific). Our dust budget analysis revealed that the Asian dust flux passing through the longitude plane of 140° E was 2.1 Tg, and one third of that arrived North America. The cases analyzed in this study revealed that, while the Gobi Desert is an important source that can contribute to the long-range dust transport, the Taklimakan Desert appears to be another important source that can contribute to the dust transport occurring particularly at high altitudes.

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Kai, Kenji, Yuki Minamoto, Kotaro Nakamura, Minrui Wang, Kei Kawai, Kazuma Ohara, Jun Noda, Teruya Maki, E. Davaanyam, and Nobuo Sugimoto. "Large-scale dust event in East Asia, as revealed by the Himawari-8 DUST RGB, lidar network observations, and field survey." E3S Web of Conferences 99 (2019): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199901004.

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A large-scale dust event occurred in East Asia during early May 2017, and transported dust was measured all over Japan. We performed an analysis of the entire dust event using multiple sources: a local ceilometer measurement, measurements from an optical particle counter in the Gobi Desert (Dalanzadgad, Mongolia), a study of Dust RGB imagery obtained from Himawari-8, lidar measurements from Japan, and meteorological data. Our results show that three extratropical low pressure systems occurred consecutively in Mongolia and generated dust storms in the Gobi Desert. Remarkably, the Dust RGB imagery shows both the occurrence and the transportation of the dust, and was able to detect two dust outbreaks in the Horqin Sandy Land of Northern China and their transportation to eastern Japan; this shows that the Horqin Sandy Land was one of the source regions of this dust event.

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Augugliaro, Claudio, Chiara Paniccia, Choikhand Janchivlamdan, Ibra E. Monti, Turmunkh Boldbaatar, and Bariusha Munkhtsog. "Mammal inventory in the Mongolian Gobi, with the southeasternmost documented record of the Snow Leopard, Panthera uncia (Schreber, 1775), in the country." Check List 15, no. 4 (July 12, 2019): 565–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/15.4.565.

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Studies on mammal diversity and distribution are an important source to develop conservation and management strategies. The area located in southern Mongolia, encompassing the Alashan Plateau Semi-Desert and the Eastern Gobi Desert-Steppe ecoregions, is considered strategic for the conservation of threatened species. We surveyed the non-volant mammals in the Small Gobi-A Strictly Protected Area (SPA) and its surroundings, by using camera trapping, live trapping, and occasional sightings. We recorded 18 mammal species belonging to 9 families and 6 orders. Among them, 4 are globally threatened or near-threatened, 2 are included in the CITES Appendix I, and 2 are listed in the Appendix II. Moreover, we provide the southeasternmost record for the Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) in Mongolia, supported by photographic evidence. Our study highlights the importance of this protected area to preserve rare, threatened, and elusive species.

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Natsagdorj, Oyunbileg, Davaapurev Bekh-Ochir, Tsetseg Baljinova, Yohei Iizaka, Atsushi Fukumoto, Fumio Kato, Yojiro Anzai, and Batkhuu Javzan. "Bioactive compounds and molecular diversity of endophytic actinobacteria isolated from desert plants." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 908, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/908/1/012008.

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Abstract With the aim to find endophytic actinomycetes that synthesize bioactive compounds over 800 strains were isolated from 53 desert plants of the Gobi-Sumber, Umnugobi, Dundgobi, Dornogobi, Bayankhongor, and Gobi-Altai provinces of Mongolia. The HPLC study of strains with high anti-quorum sensing and antibacterial activities revealed that they produced flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Molecular diversity evaluated with 16S rRNA gene sequences of 123 strains showed that they belonged to 12 genera: Streptomyces, Promicromonospora, Micromonospora, Streptosporangium, Kribbella, Pseudonocardia, Nocardia, Micromonospora, Saccharothrix, Friedmanniella, Actinocatenispora, and Geodermatophilus, the latter two genera were registered in Mongolia for the first time. Moreover, the genus Actinocatenispora was isolated from plants for the first time.

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Fu, S. L., C. B. Xie, X. M. Tian, P. Zhuang, L. Y. Qian, J. D. Shao, Z. Y. Fang, L. Li, B. X. Wang, and D. Liu. "THE AEROSOLS OPTICAL PROPERTIES INVESTIGATION DURING THE DUST POLLUTION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W9 (October 25, 2019): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w9-31-2019.

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Abstract. At present, the air environment in China is characterized by complex pollution. In this paper, the pollutant sources, transport paths and aerosol optical properties during the dust pollution was conducted to analyse based on ground-based lidar, space-borne sensor and atmospheric transmission model. Firstly, the NMMB/BSC-Dust model, the VIIRS-Suomi NPP date and HYSPLIT were carried out to analyse the dust transport paths and the dust particle size, and then the concentration of particles was analysed. Finally, the optical properties of aerosol particles in the dust weather were studied. During the formation of this weather, there is high dust in the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts. With the influence of wind direction, the dust moves from north to south, and the dust load significantly increased in southern China. Dust at the low altitude is generally transported from the Taklamakan Desert, while dust at the high altitude is generally transported from the Gobi Desert. The hourly average change of PM10 is from 36 μg/m3 to 818 μg/m3, while the hourly average change of PM2.5 is from 15 μg/m3 to 197 μg/m3. The dust was the main cause of the pollution weather. In this study, the formation process of the dust pollution revealed which can be used to provide guidance for government for the prevention work of dust pollution.

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Hagiwara, Katsuro, Tamaki Matsumoto, Purevsuren Tsedendamba, Kenji Baba, and Buho Hoshino. "Bacterial Characteristics of Dust Particle Saltation in Gobi Dust Sites, Mongolia." Atmosphere 12, no. 11 (November 3, 2021): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111456.

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The Gobi Desert is a major source of Asian dust events, and the resulting health hazards have increased significantly in recent years. We reported that a variety of live bacteria were distributed in the Gobi Desert in relation to land use. Bacterial distribution was confirmed in the environment and on the land used by animals; however, bacterial saltation due to dust events has not been investigated in detail. In this study, to understand the distribution of surface bacteria in the atmosphere by dust saltation, live bacteria in four dust-generating areas in the Gobi area were monitored using an artificial dust generating device. The live bacteria were detected by experimental saltation at a wind speed of 6.5–8 m/s in all areas. A certain number of live bacteria are constantly saltated by dust events, and these bacteria depend on land use. Moreover, the bacterial saltation strain depended on land use and diversity, indicating that live bacteria are lifted into the environment by dust events. These findings indicate that dust events saltate environmental bacteria on the ground, suggest the risk of animal-derived bacterial saltation affected by land use, and present cross-border public health challenges to be considered in the future.

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Li, Jiawei, and Zhiwei Han. "Investigation of Three-Dimensional Evolution of East Asian Dust Storm by Modeling and Remote Sensing Measurements." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/483476.

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The three-dimensional evolution of an East Asian dust storm during 23–26 April 2009 was investigated by utilizing a regional air quality model system (RAQMS) and satellite measurements. This severe dust storm hit Mt. Tai in east China with daily mean PM10concentration reaching 1400 μg/m3and the model captured the PM10variation reasonably well. Modeled spatial distributions of AOD and vertical profiles of aerosol extinction coefficient during the dust storm were compared with MODIS and CALIPSO data, demonstrating that RAQMS was able to reproduce the 3D structure and the evolution of the dust storm reasonably well. During early days of the dust storm, daily mean dust-induced AOD exceeded 2.0 over dust source regions (the Gobi desert and the Taklamakan desert) and was in a range of 1.2–1.8 over the North China Plain, accounting for about 98% and up to 90% of total AOD over corresponding areas, respectively. The top of the dust storm reached about 8 km over east China, with high dust concentration locating at around 40°N. Dust aerosol below 2 km was transported southeastward off the Gobi desert while dust above 2 km was transported out of China along 40°–45°N.

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Dedkov, Viktor P., Elena V. Danzhalova, Sergey N. Tkachenko, S. Khadbaatar, E. Ariunbold, Peter D. Gunin, and Sergey N. Bazha. "The Influence Of Vegetation On Reflected Solar Radiation In Arid And Extra-Arid Zone Of Mongolian Gobi." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 13, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2020-91.

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Vegetation cover has a noticeable effect on surface reflectivity and local microclimate in arid areas of Mongolian Gobi. Over the past decades, various shrub species (Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum mongolicum) have appeared on the previously unvegetated hamada. The climatic consequences of bush encroachment are still poorly understood. Using the experimental data, this article estimates the reflectance of plants dominating in Mongolia’s dry steppe, desert-steppe, and desert ecosystems. The average values of the total reflection coefficient at visible and infrared wavelengths range from 19.7% ± 1.4% to 20.1% ± 1.7% in plants growing in desert-steppe ecosystems, and from 25.0% ± 0.9% to 24.8% ± 1.5% on the bare surface. The difference between the reflectance of vegetated and unvegetated surfaces reaches 5%. Therefore, in daylight hours, the vegetated day surface loses less solar energy than the non-vegetated surface does. This phenomenon may be defined as a quasi- or secondary greenhouse effect – in daylight hours, solar energy is retained on the surface by vegetation and this contributes to the temperature increase. Such an impulse, which seems to be insignificantly small at first glance, triggers a series of climatic variations leading to a change in the structure of the radiation and heat balance as well as the climate not only in the desert-steppe and desert ecosystems but also in Central Asia as a whole. All this may explain the 1.2-2.3°C increase in air temperatures in the Gobi observed over the last 25 years.

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Retejum, Alexey Ju. "The Expanding Earth: Indisputable Evidences of the Gobi Desert." Open Journal of Geology 10, no. 01 (2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2020.101001.

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Graf, John, Neil J. Tabor, Kurt Ferguson, Dale A. Winkler, Yuong-Nam Lee, Steven May, and Louis L. Jacobs. "Diagenesis of dinosaur eggshell from the Gobi Desert, Mongolia." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 494 (April 2018): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.11.011.

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Yubao, Qiu, Shi Lijuan, and Wu Wenbo. "Study of the microwave emissivity characteristics over Gobi Desert." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 17 (March 18, 2014): 012249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/17/1/012249.

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Todorova, Milka, Antoaneta Trendafilova, Namshir Javsmaa, Shatarin Altantsetseg, and Sanduin Shatar. "A new cembrane glycoside inAsterothamnus centrali-asiaticusfrom Gobi desert." Journal of Asian Natural Products Research 15, no. 9 (September 2013): 1060–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2013.824426.

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CHURKIN, SERGEI V., and KIRILL A. KOLESNICHENKO. "A new subspecies of Glabroculus elvira (Eversmann, 1854) (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from the Dzhungarian Gobi desert, Mongolia." Zootaxa 4555, no. 4 (February 14, 2019): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4555.4.9.

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Glabroculus elvira suadela ssp. n. is described from the Dzhungarian Gobi desert. The species was not previously recorded in Mongolia. The new subspecies can be easily differentiated from other known conspecific taxa by the bright shiny upperside in males and contrasting upperside in females, with conspicuous whitish spots.

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Griffin, Dale W. "Atmospheric Movement of Microorganisms in Clouds of Desert Dust and Implications for Human Health." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 20, no. 3 (July 2007): 459–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00039-06.

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SUMMARYBillions of tons of desert dust move through the atmosphere each year. The primary source regions, which include the Sahara and Sahel regions of North Africa and the Gobi and Takla Makan regions of Asia, are capable of dispersing significant quantities of desert dust across the traditionally viewed oceanic barriers. While a considerable amount of research by scientists has addressed atmospheric pathways and aerosol chemistry, very few studies to determine the numbers and types of microorganisms transported within these desert dust clouds and the roles that they may play in human health have been conducted. This review is a summary of the current state of knowledge of desert dust microbiology and the health impact that desert dust and its microbial constituents may have in downwind environments both close to and far from their sources.

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Hagiwara, Katsuro, Tamaki Matsumoto, Purevsuren Tsedendamba, Kenji Baba, and Buho Hoshino. "Distribution of Viable Bacteria in the Dust-Generating Natural Source Area of the Gobi Region, Mongolia." Atmosphere 11, no. 9 (August 24, 2020): 893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090893.

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The Gobi Desert is a major source of dust events, whose frequency of occurrence and damage caused have recently significantly increased. In the present study, we investigated the types of live bacteria present in the surface soil of the Gobi Desert in Mongolia, and determined their genetic identification as well as their geographical distribution. During the survey, four different topographies (dry lake bed, wadi, well, and desert steppe) were selected, and land characteristics were monitored for moisture and temperature. The surface soil was aerobically cultured to isolate bacterial colonies, and their 16s rDNA regions were sequenced. The sequence data were identified through NCBI-BLAST analysis and generated phylogenetic trees. The results revealed two phyla and seven families of isolates from the sample points. Each isolate was characterized by their corresponding sample site. The characteristics of land use and soil surface bacteria were compared. Most of the bacteria originated from the soil, however, animal-derived bacteria were also confirmed in areas used by animals. Our findings confirmed the existence of live bacteria in the dust-generating area, suggesting that their presence could affect animal and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to further investigate dust microbes based on the One Health concept.

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Kuzmin, S. L. "On the ecology of the Mongolian toad (Bufo raddei Strauch, 1876) in the Valley of Lakes, Mongolia." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 319, no. 4 (December 25, 2015): 515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2015.319.4.515.

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Results of field studies of ecology of the Mongolian Toad (Bufo raddei) in the Valley of Lakes, Northern Gobi, Mongolia, are presented. It is concluded that the toad populations in semi-desert depend more on microhabitat conditions of small low wetlands rather than on multiyear fluctuations of water level of lakes as such.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Gobi Desert'

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