Journal articles: 'Gold and gold mines'

1

Mullins, John. "Entrepreneurial Gold Mines." Business Strategy Review 15, no. 1 (March 2004): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0955-6419.2004.00292.x.

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McCauley, DJ. "Gold Mines and Gardenroots." CSA News 66, no. 9 (August 20, 2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csan.20565.

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Horowitz, Michal. "Lessons from gold mines." Temperature 4, no. 2 (February 6, 2017): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2017.1290571.

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Knight, D. A., and V. G. Medina. "Kidston gold mines startup." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 3, no. 1 (February 1986): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03402635.

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O’Brien, Maeve. "‘Mines of Gold on Parnassus’?" Maynooth Philosophical Papers 3, no. 9999 (2006): 178–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/mpp20063supplement27.

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Lattimer, James M. "Neutron stars are gold mines." International Journal of Modern Physics E 26, no. 01n02 (January 2017): 1740014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301317400146.

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Neutron stars are not only mines for clues to dense matter physics but may also be the auspicious sources of half of all nuclei heavier than [Formula: see text] in the universe, including the auric isotopes. Although the cold dense matter above the nuclear saturation density cannot be directly explored in the laboratory, gilded constraints on the properties of matter from 1 to 10 times higher density can now be panned from neutron star observations. We show how upcoming observations, such as gravitational wave from mergers, precision timing of pulsars, neutrinos from neutron star birth and X-rays from bursts and thermal emissions, will provide the bullion from which further advances can be smelted.

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Mitchell, Jacque L. "Discovering gold mines in HRM." Journal of Healthcare Risk Management 33, no. 4 (April 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21135.

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Swarna Latha, Beesetti. "Gold Mines: Towards Cancer Rescue." Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology 8, no. 1 (March 2, 2023): 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.105-107.

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Cancer remains as a major threat, despite of several pandemic outbreaks. The risk of every alternative disease or disorder increases with the initial incidence of cancer. Cancer treatment has radically changed a lot from conventional therapies like surgery and radiotherapy to targeted therapies like thermal ablation and gene therapy. The extension of applicative nanotechnology has become promising therapy in Cancer Diagnosis and treatment. The use of gold nanoparticles towards cancer therapy is discussed in this article.

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Ermolaev, A. N. "GOLD MINING IN SALAIR IN THE LATE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 4 (December 23, 2018): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-4-32-38.

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The research determines the dynamics of gold mining and identifies the specifics of the development of the gold industry in Salair in the late XIX – early XX centuries. The Salair ridge was then under the jurisdiction of the Cabinet of His Imperial Majesty. At the end of the XIX century, the Cabinet spent a lot of money on geological survey of the ridge and invested in the development of the local gold mines. The extraction of gold during this period fluctuated within 6–8 poods (1 pood = 16 kg). At the beginning of the XX century, the Cabinet leased the Salair mines to private entrepreneurs and joint-stock companies. Such agreements were signed by Prince A. von Thurn und Taxis and Dr. Josef Jeanne (Austria), Arthur Stanley and mining engineer Farrukh Bek-Vezirov (Great Britain), State Councilor Berezin (Russia), and The Russian Gold Mining Company. Private companies operated more successfully than the Cabinet. In the XX century the extraction of gold in Salair increased. However, after the companies had developed the ready retrievable gold deposits, they ceased operating. As the calculations have shown, more than 3.6 tons of gold were mined on the Salair Ridge in 1892 – 1915. The main feature of the Salair gold mining was that gold was extracted both by the Cabinet and private companies, which means that state and private capital acted in parallel.

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10

Wang, Wei Zhi, and Chun Guang Yang. "Comprehensive Utilization and Resources of Gold Mining Tailings." Key Engineering Materials 480-481 (June 2011): 1438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.480-481.1438.

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The gold mine discharges tailings massively every day,which results in gold and useful metal draining,simultaneously brings the enormous harm to the environment The approach to comprehensive utilization of tailings of gold mines, including recycle of usable mineral and direct use of ore tailings,is analyzed in the paper, laying a foundation for continuous development of gold mines，comprehensive utilization of resource，and protection of environment.

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Краденых, Ирина, Irina Kradenykh, Алексей Барчуков, and Alyeksyey Barchukov. "Organization and management of gold mines activity under exploration of placer mines." Russian Journal of Management 4, no. 2 (June 25, 2016): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19751.

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For the purpose to achieve the growth of efficiency of gold mines it is necessary to wipe out the lag in technological expansion and development, provide high quality of mining and recycling of gold-blearily rock as well as realize organization adjustment, suggest reconstruction of business activity and change of existing system of management.

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12

Wittwer, Paul D. "Epithermal Precious Metal Deposits in South Korea—History and Pursuit." SEG Discovery, no. 125 (April 1, 2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/segnews.2021-125.fea-01.

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Abstract The gold and silver endowment of Korea has historically been well known, with records alluding to production as far back as 1122 BC. The main gold production period was from 1925 to 1943 during the Japanese occupation of Korea, with more than 1 Moz recorded in 1939. Muguk was the most productive gold mining operation, located within the central region of South Korea, with a recorded 590 koz of gold produced from 1934 to 1998 (first mined in AD 912). The majority of the historical mining operations were closed by government order in 1943 during the Second World War and never reopened. A number of small mines operated between 1971 and 1998, with limited production during a period of gold prices generally lower than at present (~25–50% of current inflation adjusted prices, apart from a four-year period 1979–83). It is likely that significant resources remain within these historical mining areas. Gold-silver deposit types historically recognized and exploited in Korea include placers and orogenic and intrusion-related vein systems. Only more recently have epithermal vein and breccia systems been recognized. This is not surprising, given that the geologic and tectonic setting of the Southern Korean peninsula is prospective for epithermal precious metal deposits, spatially associated with basin-scale brittle fault systems in Cretaceous volcanic terranes. South Korea is an underexplored jurisdiction, with limited modern exploration and drilling until the mid-1990s, when Ivanhoe Mines Ltd. discovered the Gasado, Eunsan, and Moisan epithermal gold-silver deposits, all of which became mines. Exploration was limited for another 20 years until Southern Gold Ltd., an Australian Securities Exchange (ASX)-listed company, commenced regional-scale exploration for epithermal deposits, using a strategy similar to that successfully employed by Ivanhoe.

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13

Cottingham, Katie. "Turning data graveyards into gold mines." Journal of Proteome Research 7, no. 1 (January 2008): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/pr083691n.

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14

Bartlett, Anne. "Conflict Extractivism in Darfur's Gold Mines." Peace Review 28, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2016.1130378.

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15

Schneider, Suzanne M. "Heat acclimation: Gold mines and genes." Temperature 3, no. 4 (September 27, 2016): 527–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2016.1240749.

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16

Brown, Mike. "South African gold mines and nationalisation." Investment Analysts Journal 19, no. 33 (June 1990): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10293523.1990.11082291.

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17

BUTLER, JEFFREY E. "The Gold Mines and Labour Supply." South African Historical Journal 18, no. 1 (November 1986): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582478608671607.

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18

Hewlett, L., D. Craw, and A. Black. "Comparison of arsenic and trace metal contents of discharges from adjacent coal and gold mines, Reefton, New Zealand." Marine and Freshwater Research 56, no. 7 (2005): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05018.

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Historic gold and coal mines in the same catchment near Reefton, New Zealand allow comparison of environmental effects of the different mines in the same climate and topography. Gold mine discharge waters (neutral pH) deposit hydrated iron oxide (HFO) abundantly at mine entrances, whereas coal mine discharge waters (low pH) precipitate HFO tens to hundreds of metres downstream as pH rises. Waters leaving historic mines have up to 59 mg L−1 dissolved arsenic, and HFO at gold mines has up to 20 wt% arsenic. Coal mine discharge waters have low dissolved arsenic (typically near 0.01 mg L−1) and HFO has <0.2 wt% arsenic. Minor dissolved Cu, Cr, Ni, and Zn are being leached from background host rocks by acid solutions during sulfide oxidation, and attenuated by HFO downstream of both gold and coal mines. A net flux of 30 mg s−1 arsenic is leaving the catchment, and nearly all of this arsenic flux is from the gold mining area, but >90% of that flux is from background sources. The present study demonstrates that elevated trace metal concentrations around mines in a wet climate are principally from non-anthropogenic sources and are readily attenuated by natural processes.

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Sangurmath, Prabhakar. "Hutti Gold Mines Co. Ltd.: The Pride of India Completes 75 Glorious Years." Journal of Geosciences Research 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.56153/g19088-022-0114-26.

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India's major gold producer is Hutti Gold Mines Co. Ltd. (HGML),a Govt of Karnataka undertaking. The HGML is active in the exploration, mining and metallurgy of Gold and Copper deposits of Karnataka. The Company's Corporate Office is situated in Bengaluru and operates two units –the Hutti Gold Unit (HGU) in Raichur district and Chitrdurga Gold Unit (CGU), Chitrdurga district, Karnataka. The world class Hutti Gold Mines, situated in Hutti, Lingsgur taluk, Raichur dist, Karnataka, owned by the Karnataka Government. In 1939, Hutti was a small village with hardly 60 to 70 huts & houses. Now, it is a town and the population is over 40,000. Half of the this population lives in the colony constructed by the HGML.

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García de Celis, Alipio, Rosa Blanca González Gutiérrez, Miguel Ángel Luengo Ugidos, and José María Redondo Vega. "Un ejemplo de explotación romana de yacimiento primario: la mina del rio de la Sierra (León)." Estudios humanísticos. Geografía, historia y arte, no. 17 (February 5, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehgha.v0i17.6674.

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<span>This article presents a geographical study of a roman gold-mine in the north-west of Iberian peninsula: the río de la Sierra mine. Several traces have been realized by ancient miners which already are present nowadays in our landscape. With these traces we can know a important part of that society like gold-mines and the hydraulic structure related with them.</span>

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21

Mossman, David. "Eugène Rodolphe Faribault: Nova Scotia Gold Icon." Geoscience Canada 51, no. 1 (April 5, 2024): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2024.51.208.

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Eugène Rodolphe Faribault proved to be a very good choice as a geologist for the Geological Survey of Canada, after his appointment on July 1, 1883. His career spanned fifty years, time mostly committed to mapping the southwestern half of Nova Scotia, concentrated on the slate and quartzite of the Meguma Supergroup in which gold mining was taking place. In his words, he was, “a specialist on geological maps and structural geology of gold mines in Nova Scotia”. Dozens of his meticulously prepared maps of over sixty gold districts have stood the test of time for accuracy. A popular figure in the field, Faribault made frequent trips to operating mines. He early recognized the existence, in some districts, of extensive bodies of low-grade ore. He emphasized too, the similarities between the ‘saddle reef’ deposits mined in the Bendigo fields of Australia and the auriferous veins of the Meguma formations. His ‘pay-zone’ theory held that near-surface mineable ore in Nova Scotia gold mines should continue at depth, provided the same structural conditions persisted. However, for various reasons his theory received a mixed reception. Back in Ottawa at the GSC offices, Faribault was a highly respected figure among fellow workers and supervisors alike, and across all departments. His quiet charisma and friendly nature, complemented by professional expertise, won him accolades as an ambassador well beyond the workplace. For his excellence in a young developing science, Faribault thoroughly earned the epithet, “The Grand Old Man of Nova Scotian Geology”.

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22

Hehamahua, Hayati. "Bagi Hasil Tambang Emas dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam (Studi Pada Tambang Emas Gogorea Kec.Waeapo. Kab.Buru)." e-Journal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Akuntansi 7, no. 2 (September 17, 2020): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ejeba.v7i2.19597.

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The Gogorea Village Gold Mine is located on the eucalyptus area of the village of Gogorea, which is the owner of the heir of King Liliyali. Community gold mining that occurs in the Mount Botak gold mining area is a lesson for the owner of the Gogorea gold mine to make local rules or laws in managing gold mines. This study aims to determine the profit sharing system of gold mining management between miners and gold mining area owners from an Islamic economic perspective with a qualitative approach. Humans only borrow and use natural resources that Allah has provided, and have no right to control them absolutely. In an Islamic perspective, muamalah transactions take place honestly and transparently in order to avoid conflict and mafsadah (damage). With an Islamic economic approach, the research findings are (a). Initially, the Gogorea gold mining area was an eucalyptus land owned by the heir of King Liliyali so that bargaining power belongs to the heir's family, (b). The internal regulations that have been implemented have been able to reduce conflicts in the Gogorea gold mining area. (c). The existence of this local law is able to guarantee harmony and fraternal relations between miners and mining area owners.

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23

Ahmed YM, Oruonye ED, and Abdulkadir Usman Adamu. "Dynamics of artisanal gold mining in Gashaka local government area of Taraba State, Nigeria." International Journal of Scientific Research Updates 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 001–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.53430/ijsru.2021.2.1.0033.

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Despite the fact that gold has been mined in Gashaka, Taraba State for over a century and has continued to present day in the area, not much is known about this activity and its associated environmental impact in the state. This study therefore, examines the dynamics of artisanal small scale gold mining activities in Gashaka Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design approach which involves the use of direct fieldwork observation and interview of key informants. The findings of the study reveals that alluvial gold is mined along the streams and farmlands on the floodplains in the area. The gold exists as alluvial gold dust and nugget gold. The artisanal gold mining activity is carried out with rudimentary materials such as pickaxes, diggers, shovels, spades, pans and water pumps. Some of the local mining communities are Gayam, Jamtari, Karamti, Serti, Goje, Bodel, Mayo Jim, Bashishir, Kurr and Garbabi. The 3 major methods employed by artisanal gold miners in the study area include panning method, use of locally constructed devices and picking of gold nuggets or crystals from dug pit on the floodplain. The artisanal gold miners use sulphuric acid and white mercury in purifying the collected gold. The miners do not use any protective gears such as face masks, rubber gloves, leather boots or head coverings in the mining process. All golds collected from the mining activities are sold in the town (Serti/Baruwa). There is a ready market with both local buyers residing in the town and distant buyers coming from different parts of the country. Artisanal gold mining is an important livelihood activity in the study area despite the fact that many of them are carried out illegally. Based on the findings, the study recommended the establishment of a goldsmith industry, improvement in security in the local communities and organizing the artisanal gold miners into cooperative organizations.

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Trench, Allan, Dirk Baur, Sam Ulrich, and John Paul Sykes. "Gold Production and the Global Energy Transition—A Perspective." Sustainability 16, no. 14 (July 12, 2024): 5951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16145951.

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Gold is neither a critical mineral nor a metal that is central to the global energy transition in terms of demand from new energy production technologies. Yet, gold is unique among mined commodities for its role in financial markets and for its global production footprint including in numerous developing economies. Since the production of gold incurs CO2 emissions and other environmental risks including water pollution and land degradation, gold producers seek to adopt clean production solutions through electrification and renewable energy adoption. Further, gold’s unique role as a store of value creates new potential green business models in gold, such as the digitalisation of in-ground gold inventories, which can further reduce negative environmental externalities from gold mining. A net-zero emissions, future global gold industry, is possible. Major gold producers are targeting net-zero Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2050, coupled with a lower overall environmental footprint to meet heightened societal expectations for cleaner production. An analysis of emissions data from Australian gold mines shows systematic differences between mining operations. Further clean energy investment in gold production is required to reduce emission levels towards the target of net zero.

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Mwendwa, Philip K. "Women participation in artisanal gold mining: A case of macalder mines, Kenya." Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology (JEST) 2, no. 1 (April 13, 2023): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/jest.v2i1.340.

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The aim of the study is to determine women's participation in artisanal gold mining in Macalder mines in Migori County, which is found in Southwestern Kenya. A mixed-method research design was used in the study to collect and analyse both qualitative and quantitative data. Purposive and snowball non-probability sampling methods were used to select the sample size since there is no proper data on the number of women involved in artisanal gold mining. A questionnaire survey and focus group discussions were used to collect data from the respondents. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The results indicate that 80.8 per cent of the respondents were between 18 and 49 years old. Most of the women working in Macalder gold mines were earning <Kshs 5,000, which was not enough to sustain them. Low remuneration, health risks, cultural bias, domestic responsibilities and sexual harassment were the main challenges that women were facing in the gold mines. The study recommends formulating and implementing policies that recognise and safeguard the interests of women in artisanal gold mining. Women should also be provided with protective gear to reduce the health risks from gold processing.

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Li, Yang, Guoyan Zhao, Pan Wu, and Ju Qiu. "An Integrated Gray DEMATEL and ANP Method for Evaluating the Green Mining Performance of Underground Gold Mines." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (June 2, 2022): 6812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116812.

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Green mining (GM) can achieve the harmonious development of mineral resource exploitation and environmental protection. Performance evaluation is the key to promoting GM. This research explores favorable methods to evaluate the green mining performance (GMP) of underground gold mines. First, according to the specific characteristics of underground gold mines, an evaluation criteria system for GM is formulated. Meanwhile, the weights are calculated using an integrated gray DEMATEL and ANP technique, which considers the correlation between indicators. Subsequently, the solution methodology for performance evaluation is proposed based on normalization of indicators. Finally, six underground gold mines are utilized as case studies to verify the methodological feasibility. The results of the empirical study show that there is a significant gap between ordinary mines and pilot green mines, and this study, via comparison analysis and cause–effect analysis, gives direction for mines improvement. Not only will the work provide technical and theoretical support for the evaluation and construction of similar green mines, it will also serve as a reference for government policy implementation.

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Sari, Melta Ardila, Ardi Abbas, and Darmairal Rahmad. "DARI PETANI KE PENAMBANG; PERUBAHAN SOSIAL EKONOMI DI JORONG KOTO PANJANG, NAGARI LIMO KOTO, KABUPATEN SIJUNJUNG." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan 2, no. 1 (June 6, 2013): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22202/mamangan.v2i1.1368.

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This paper discusses the socio-economic changes are turning farmers livelihoods to miners in Jorong Koto Panjang. This reasearch background of the rice made in gold mines so that a shift of livelihoods, and cousing consumer behavior. The mining activities are at risk of exhaustion of the gold content, on the one hand the life of the community is still running. This condition has implications for the socioeconomic status of the family owners of the fields after the gold miner. Therefore, in this paper seeks to unravel the activities of miners, and to describe the socio-economic conditions of the post-mining of gold miners. This study uses qualitative research and descriptive. Informal election in this study using purposive sampling technique. This type of data is primary data and secondary data. Data collection is observation, interviews. The results of the post-mining research of gold in no tackling, which has exhausted tilled rice fields be left just like that becomes a swamp and sand. Post-mining social status housewife, taxi of motorcydrivers, farm workers and laborers gold miner. Also a decline in revenue.Tulisan ini membahas perubahan sosial ekonomi para petani yang beralih mata pencarian menjadi penambang di Jorong Koto Panjang Kecamatan. Penelitian ini di latarbelakangi oleh sawah yang di jadikan tambang emas sehinga terjadi peralihan mata pencarian masyarakat, serta menimbulkan perilaku konsumtif. Aktifitas penambangan ini beresiko, seperti habisnya kandungan emas, disatu sisi kehidupan masyarakat tetap berjalan. Kondisi ini berimplikasi kepada status sosial ekonomi keluarga pemilik sawah pasca penambang emas. Oleh karena itu, dalam tulisan ini berupaya mengurai aktifitas penambang emas, serta mendeskripsikan kondisi sosial ekonomi penambang pasca penambangan emas. Penelitian ini mengunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe deskriptif. Pemilihan informal dalam penelitian ini mengunakan tehnik purposive sampling. Jenis data adalah data primer dan data skunder. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dalam dua cara: observasi, wawancara. Hasil penelitian pasca penambangan emas tidak ada penanggulangannya, sawah yang telah habis digarap dibiarakan begitu saja menjadi rawa dan pasir. Status sosial pascapenambangan jadi ibu rumah tangga tukang ojek, buruh tani dan buruh penambang emas. Juga terjadi penurunan pendapatan.

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Lyatuu, Isaac, Mirko S. Winkler, Georg Loss, Andrea Farnham, Dominik Dietler, and Günther Fink. "Estimating the mortality burden of large scale mining projects—Evidence from a prospective mortality surveillance study in Tanzania." PLOS Global Public Health 1, no. 10 (October 13, 2021): e0000008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000008.

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We set up a mortality surveillance system around two of the largest gold mines in Tanzania between February 2019 and February 2020 to estimate the mortality impact of gold mines. Death circumstances were collected using a standardized verbal autopsy tool, and causes of death were assigned using the InSilicoVA algorithm. We compared cause-specific mortality fractions in mining communities with other subnational data as well as national estimates. Within mining communities, we estimated mortality risks of mining workers relative to other not working at mines. At the population level, mining communities had higher road-traffic injuries (RTI) (risk difference (RD): 3.1%, Confidence Interval (CI): 0.4%, 5.9%) and non-HIV infectious disease mortality (RD: 5.6%, CI: 0.8%, 10.3%), but lower burden of HIV mortality (RD: -5.9%, CI: -10.2%, -1.6%). Relative to non-miners living in the same communities, mining workers had over twice the mortality risk (relative risk (RR): 2.09, CI: 1.57, 2.79), with particularly large increases for death due to RTIs (RR: 14.26, CI: 4.95, 41.10) and other injuries (RR:10.10, CI: 3.40, 30.02). Our results shows that gold mines continue to be associated with a large mortality burden despite major efforts to ensure the safety in mining communities. Given that most of the additional mortality risk appears to be related to injuries programs targeting these specific risks seem most desirable.

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Maruev, V. A. "THE CONGRESSES OF TRANSBAIKAL GOLD INDUSTRY ENTREPRENEURS IN 1898 – 1919." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 2 (June 29, 2017): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2017-2-58-61.

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The article features an analysis of projects of congresses of gold miners in Transbaikal and correspondence concerning the organization of these congresses in 1898 – 1919. It is the first time a number of documents of the State Archive of Irkutsk region and the State Archive of the Transbaikal region have been examined. The article describes the history of the origin and development of the Congress of prospectors, as an independent institution. It illustrates the evolution of the role of the Congress as a body representing the collective interests of gold industry entrepreneurs. The article reveals contradictions between the gold miners they faced in addressing the issues. The research identifies the key interests and problems of gold miners at the turn of XIX – XX centuries On the basis of documents on the organization of congresses it examines the situation of workers, development of medical Affairs, the condition of routs of communication in the mines. The conclusion is made about the value of the documents of the congresses for the study of issues of social, technical and financial challenges of gold mining. The archival data reveal the effect of Russia's participation in the RussoJapanese and First World wars on its gold production. The obtained results allow a more detailed study of the gold mining past of this region.

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30

Vitoria de Araujo Santos, Edenir. "Metallurgical processes as a way of controlling the deviations of gold practiced in Vila Rica (1770- 1807): the investigations in the punishment of the accused." Circumscribere International Journal for the History of Science 30 (July 12, 2023): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/1980-7651.2022v30;p39.

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Since a long time, the extraction of gold in the Captaincy of Minas Gerais had yielded profit to the Portuguese Crown. This occurred from the discovery of the first deposits, in the late seventeenth century, in Vila Rica, and in several other places in the territory of Minas Gerais. By the end of the 18th century, however, gold production was in ruins and nothing else was removed from the metal in the places where it was extracted. In this way, the Portuguese government began to plan actions to increase the tax collection of the fifth, forcing the miners to extract more gold, even with the difficulties related to the decay of the mines. In addition, the Portuguese adopted measures to prevent the crimes of deviations - misappropriation, frauds, falsification of metal and its products fused in the Mints and Foundry - practiced in the regions of gold extraction, such as Vila Rica. A resource used to curb these practices was the opening of investigation that was adopted in the Kingdom of Portugal to investigate the denunciation of a crime and then apply the punishment to the accused. This thesis, in this context, specifically analyses a process of investigation of the deviation of gold and diamonds conducted by the Intendant of the Royal Foundry, Jozé Caetano Cezar Manitti, in Vila Rica, in 1792. The research used as an investigation method to analyse issues related to the metallurgical processes of gold purification and testing. In the comparison with other documents, it became evident that the Portuguese Crown had experienced officers, long years in the profession, with the knowledge chemical of substances to avoid excessive spending on the purification of gold, essential in the control of deviations.

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Farlan, Edi, Indra Indra, and Ahmad Humam Hamid. "Dampak Pertambangan Emas Tradisional Terhadap Perubahan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Di Gampong Mersak Kecamatan Kluet Tengah Kabupaten Aceh Selatan." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2016): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v1i1.1255.

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During the existence of the traditional gold mining in the Mersak Village subdisdtrict of Central Kluet district South Aceh has been a lot changes in local community life. The research methodology used is descriptive method with qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and literature study. Informants in this study consisted of village officials, community leaders and the community of gold miners. Data analysis technique used is the technique of interactive analysis by Milles and Huberman form of data reduction, data presentation and verification / conclusions. The results of the research tells us that the existence of gold mines in the Village Ruin has an impact on the social and economic condition of the community. Negative impact on the gold mining aspects of uncontrolled population movements and worrying, the incidence rate is increasing conflict and transition people's livelihood of farmers to miners who create agricultural infrastructure is not functioning optimally. Also, positive impact on the gold mining aspects of the comprehensive work opportunities for people and rising incomes that can be seen from the high purchasing power. Keywords: Mining, Impact, Social, Economic

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32

Hartwick, Elaine. "Geographies of Consumption: A Commodity-Chain Approach." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 16, no. 4 (August 1998): 423–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d160423.

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Recent media and political events illustrate some links between consumption and production. The author explores these links through the concept of commodity chains. This concept has been partially developed in the literature, and an attempt is made to specify this further by means of the illustration of gold. The message is that the ‘geographies of consumption’ literature is insufficient by itself but becomes stronger when joined with a materialist commodity-chain analysis. The author moves from a deconstruction of the images of men and women in gold advertisements, at the consumption end, to the various places of production, beginning with Italian gold jewelry factories, then South African gold mines and apartheid, and third Lesotho, where Basotho men migrate to South African gold mines leaving behind ‘gold widows‘. The material reality of these gold widows stands in contrast to the ‘gold windows' of Tiffany's and the images of women and men in advertisements for gold. The author opines that this sort of analysis necessitates a politics of consumption in which the two ends are reconnected; and that this could lead to a new ‘commercial geography‘.

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Riantoputra, Corina D. "Multiple Authorship: Gold Mines or Booby Traps?" Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia 23, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/hubs.asia.1310719.

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Seidman, Gay W., T. Dunbar Moodie, Vivienne Ndatshe, Philip Bonner, Peter Delius, and Deborah Posel. "Going for Gold: Men, Mines and Migration." Contemporary Sociology 25, no. 5 (September 1996): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2077553.

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Moodie, T. Dunbar. "Ethnic violence on South African gold mines." Journal of Southern African Studies 18, no. 3 (September 1992): 584–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057079208708327.

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Sekisov, A. G., Yu S. Shevchenko, and A. Yu Lavrov. "Prospects for underground leaching in gold mines." Journal of Mining Science 52, no. 1 (January 2016): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1062739116010198.

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Bartrum, J., A. Bowler, and G. Butcher. "SAG mill operations at Kidston Gold Mines." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 3, no. 2 (May 1986): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03402645.

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Ayaaba, Esther, Yan Li, Jiali Yuan, and Chunhui Ni. "Occupational Respiratory Diseases of Miners from Two Gold Mines in Ghana." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 3 (March 22, 2017): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14030337.

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Szychowska-Krąpiec, Elżbieta. "Dendrochronological Studies of Wood from Mediaeval Mines of Polymetallic Ores in Lower Silesia (Sw Poland)." Geochronometria 26, no. -1 (January 1, 2007): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10003-007-0004-3.

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Dendrochronological Studies of Wood from Mediaeval Mines of Polymetallic Ores in Lower Silesia (Sw Poland)The paper presents results of dendrochronological dating of wood encountered in abandoned mines in the eastern part of Lower Silesia. The research was carried out in gold mines in Złoty Stok, Głuchołazy, and Zlate Hory, a polymetallic-ore mine in Marcinków as well as old mines in the Sowie Mts: the Silberloch adit, an adit on the hillside of Mała Sowa, a graphite mine, and the silver and lead mine Augusta. Altogether 69 samples were taken from timbers of coniferous tree species:Pinus sylvestris, Abies alba, Picea abiesandLarix decidua.The oldest wood, from the turn of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries was encountered in the gold mines in Zlate Hory and Głuchołazy. In the gold mine in Złoty Stok, graphite mine in Sowie Mts and in Marcinków there was identified wood from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Generally, timbers from the nineteenth century were prevailing, and in three cases there was even encountered relatively young twentieth-century wood in the gold mine in Złoty Stok and in the Silberloch adit. The analyses carried out were only preliminary. Broader, interdisciplinary investigations, including dendrochronology, archaeology, geology, mining, and palaeobotany, would substantially contribute for learning the history of the mining in the whole region.

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HINES, ELIZABETH, and MICHAEL SMITH. "THE RUSH STARTED HERE, PART III: ‘THE STREETS ARE PAVED WITH GOLD’—SPECULATION, GREED, AND DISAPPOINTMENT, 1849–2010." Earth Sciences History 42, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-42.1.41.

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ABSTRACT Profitable gold mining began in the United States with the accidental discovery in 1799 of a seventeen-pound gold nugget in Cabarrus County, North Carolina. North Carolina’s gold production peaked between the 1830s and 1840s as hundreds of mines contributed hundreds of thousands of dollars a year to the national economy, necessitating the 1837 construction of a federal Branch Mint in Charlotte to process Piedmont gold. Gold mining suffered a major decline in North Carolina after the discovery of the richer and more extensive gold deposits in California in 1848. However, the North Carolina gold miners who did not join the western rush continued to work the shafts of the Piedmont using increasingly sophisticated European and South American technology, as well as new innovations such as hydraulic mining techniques from California, until the advent of the Civil War. From the end of Reconstruction (1877) to 1920, gold mining in North Carolina was sporadic and often funded by outside investors or used as a ruse in gold and stock scams. Copper mining, with gold and silver as secondary products, using increasingly complex technology and associated environmental issues, drove most of the mining fervor during this period. Following the Great Depression of the 1930s, gold production slowly increased until the Second World War, but never became a major industry as they were out-competed by the more profitable gold fields in the western United States, Alaska, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. From the 1970s to today, dependent upon the price of gold in the market and the requirements of environmental regulation, prior mining districts in North (and South) Carolina have continued to be examined, explored and cautiously mined using cyanide heap leach techniques. Although few in number, these limited lease mining projects have extracted over two million troy ounces of gold and nearly a million troy ounces of silver by 2010. Future extraction by the ongoing Haile Mine (South Carolina) project will increase this amount substantially in the next decade. Nevertheless, Cabarrus County continues to hold the world’s record for producing the greatest number of large (a pound or more) gold nuggets and was the epicenter of North America’s first gold rush.

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Taner, Mehmet F., and Pierre Trudel. "Gold distribution in the Val-d'Or Formation and a model for the formation of the Lamaque–Sigma mines, Val-d'Or, Quebec." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 28, no. 5 (May 1, 1991): 706–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e91-061.

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Recent lithogeochemical studies by accurate analytical techniques (e.g., instrumental and radiochemical neutron-activation analyses) have been used to explore the possibility of using gold distribution in the research for new gold deposits; these show that anomalous gold distribution occurs in some parts of the Val-d'Or Formation in the Val-d'Or mining district of Quebec. Gold lithogeochemistry in the Val-d'Or Formation has shown that it is possible to distinguish: (i) background values (1.4–3.5 ppb Au); (ii) zones of primarily anomalous gold values around the Lamaque–Sigma mines (median: 15 ppb Au); (iii) enrichment halos around gold orebodies (median: 70 ppb Au); and (iv) secondary gold enrichment in shear zones. We conclude that the Val-d'Or Formation is auriferous, i.e., anomalously rich in gold at least in some of its parts and contains the Lamaque – Sigma gold mines, representing 68% of the total gold production in the district. The Val-d'Or Formation is part of a central volcanic complex within an island-arc system. The centre of this complex is located in the main Lamaque plug, and this environment may be compared to high-temperature active geothermal systems that are commonly responsible for the formation of epithermal gold deposits. Gold mineralization at Sigma and Lamaque is considered to be related to a late hydrothermal phase or a retrograde phase of regional metamorphism. For the formation of the gold deposits, two distinct and successive events are postulated: (i) a gold-rich synvolcanic geothermal activity and (ii) a late remobilisation from the host rocks followed by deposition of gold ore within favourable structures.

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Annels, A. E., and D. E. Roberts. "Turbidite-hosted gold mineralization at the Dolaucothi gold mines, Dyfed, Wales, United Kingdom." Economic Geology 84, no. 5 (August 1, 1989): 1293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.84.5.1293.

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Redwood, Stewart D. "The history of mining and mineral exploration in Panama: From Pre-Columbian gold mining to modern copper mining." Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 72, no. 3 (November 28, 2020): A180720. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2020v72n3a180720.

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The history of mining and exploration in Panama is a case study of the evolution of mining in a tropical, island arc environment in the New World from prehistoric to modern times over a period of ~1900 years. Panama has a strong mineral endowment of gold (~984 t), and copper (~32 Mt) resulting in a rich mining heritage. The mining history can be divided into five periods. The first was the pre-Columbian period of gold mining from near the start of the Current Era at ~100 CE to 1501, following the introduced of gold metalwork fully fledged from Colombia. Mining of gold took place from placer and vein deposits in the Veraguas, Coclé, Northern Darien and Darien goldfields, together with copper for alloying. Panama was the first country on the mainland of the Americas to be mined by Europeans during the Spanish colonial period from 1501-1821. The pattern of gold rushes, conquest and settlement can be mapped from Spanish records, starting in Northern Darien then moving west to Panama in 1519 and Nata in 1522. From here, expeditions set out throughout Veraguas over the next century to the Veraguas (Concepción), Southern Veraguas, Coclé and Central Veraguas goldfields. Attention returned to Darien in ~1665 and led to the discovery of the Espíritu Santo de Cana gold mine, the most important gold mine to that date in the Americas. The third period was the Republican period following independence from Spain in 1821 to become part of the Gran Colombia alliance, and the formation of the Republic of Panama in 1903. This period up to ~1942 was characterized by mining of gold veins and placers, and manganese mining from 1871. Gold mining ceased during World War Two. The fourth period was the era of porphyry copper discoveries and systematic, regional geochemical exploration programs from 1956 to 1982, carried out mainly by the United Nations and the Panamanian government, as well as private enterprise. This resulted in the discovery of the giant porphyry copper deposits at Cerro Colorado (1957) and Petaquilla (Cobre Panama, 1968), as well as several other porphyry deposits, epithermal gold deposits and bauxite deposits. The exploration techniques for the discovery of copper were stream sediment and soil sampling, followed rapidly by drilling. The only mine developed in this period was marine black sands for iron ore (1971-1972). The fifth and current period is the exploration and development of modern gold and copper mines since 1985 by national and foreign companies, which started in response to the gold price rise. The main discovery methods for gold, which was not analyzed in the stream sediment surveys, were lithogeochemistry of alteration zones and reexamination of old mines. Gold mines were developed at Remance (1990-1998), Santa Rosa (1995-1999 with restart planned in 2020) and Molejon (2009-2014), and the Cobre Panama copper deposit started production in 2019. The level of exploration in the country is still immature and there is high potential for the discovery of new deposits.

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Xingwana, Lumkwana, Elroy E Smith, and Noxolo Eileen Mazibuko. "Working Environment and Employment Conditions and their Impact on Skills Shortage in South African Gold Mines." Journal of Economics and Management Sciences 2, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/jems.v2n1p1.

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The purpose of the study was to examine the direct relationship and effect of human resource management practices (working environment and employment conditions) on perceived skills shortage among engineers, professionals, and supervisors in the South African gold mines. A sample of 300 engineers, professionals and supervisors was selected by purposive sampling from three selected South African gold mines. For the analysis of the data collected through a self-administered questionnaire, correlation and multiple regression were conducted using Social Package for Social Sciences, version 25. The study revealed that the working environment and employment conditions had a positive significant relationship with the perceived skills shortage in the gold mines. Considering the regression coefficients of two predictors, working environment exerted a greater impact on perceived skills shortage than employment conditions. The benefits of providing an attractive employment condition and supportive working environment create incentives for job satisfaction, employee’s intention to stay and talent retention. The study contributes to the growing research of skills shortage by conducting empirical tests consisting of three variables (perceived skills shortage, working environment, and employment conditions) in the gold mining context.

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Liang, Weizhang, Suizhi Luo, and Guoyan Zhao. "Evaluation of Cleaner Production for Gold Mines Employing a Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010146.

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Implementing cleaner production (CP) is effective to resolve the contradiction between economic growth and environmental crisis. To avoid destroying the ecological environment in the exploitation process of mineral resources, CP has been developed in many gold mines to achieve the goal of sustainable development. Thus, this paper aims to propose a favorable approach to assess CP for gold mines. First, according to the specific characteristics of gold mines, an evaluation criteria system of CP is established. Meanwhile, considering the diversity of evaluation information, crisp numbers and probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs) are adopted to indicate the quantitative and qualitative information, respectively. Subsequently, a modified experts grading method based on PLTSs is proposed to calculate the sub-criteria weights’ values. Following this, an extended Tomada de Decisão Interativa Multicritério (TODIM) method with hybrid evaluation values is presented to obtain the ranking order. Finally, the hybrid multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach is applied to a case of assessing CP for gold mines to demonstrate its feasibility. Furthermore, the robustness and advantages of this approach are justified by sensitivity and comparison analyses. The results show that the proposed approach is feasible to solve such kinds of evaluation problems with hybrid decision making information and can provide some managerial suggestions for government and enterprises.

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Rebolledo Monsalve, Eduardo, Pedro Jiménez Prado, Jon Molinero Ortiz, and Theofilos Toulkeridis. "Differences in Fish Abundance in Rivers under the Influence of Open-Pit Gold Mining in the Santiago-Cayapas Watershed, Esmeraldas, Ecuador." Water 14, no. 19 (September 23, 2022): 2992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14192992.

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Illegal gold mining is on the rise in the tropical Andes. The Santiago-Cayapas watershed is located in the north of the Pacific basin of Ecuador, in the Chocó biogeographical region. It is recognized for its high biodiversity, as 62 fish species have been described in the area, and because it contains two of the largest protected areas in the Pacific coast of Ecuador: the mangroves of the Cayapas and Mataje Rivers and the Cotacachi-Cayapas Ecological Reserve. Open-pit gold mining has been described in the area since 2006 and most mining fronts operate illegally and lack any environmental control. Heavy-metal concentrations and fish communities were studied in streams that drain active and abandoned mines, in larger rivers located downstream of the mined areas and in control sites without mining activities. Open-pit mining causes a reduction of dissolved oxygen concentrations and an increase of water temperature, turbidity, and concentrations of Al, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and V. Fish abundance decreased in streams that drain active mines, however, metrics of taxonomic diversity remain unchanged among the study sites. The response of fish communities to open-pit gold mining was complex and driven by the pollution tolerance of each species, the presence of specific adaptions to turbid waters, and changes in the fishing pressure as locals avoid fishing activities in mined areas. Finally, streams that drain abandoned mines showed chemical characteristics, metal concentrations, and fish communities that were similar to control sites, but maintained higher water temperatures than control sites.

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Gliwan, Suliman Emdini, and Kevin Crowe. "A Goal Programming Model for Dispatching Trucks in an Underground Gold Mine." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 8 (August 22, 2022): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v8n0p181.

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The cost of transporting mined material in an underground mine is major. This cost typically represents between 50 to 60 percent of a mine’s total operating costs. The problem of dispatching trucks in an underground gold mine is, therefore, of major economic importance and warrants the use of a decision support model. The developments of a realistic decision-support model for the dispatching problem in an underground gold mine is addressed in this paper. The problem must address multiple conflicting objectives and therefore a goal programming model was formulated. The model was applied to a case study, the Red Lake underground gold mine, in Ontario, Canada. The results showed major improvements in meeting the multiple objectives of this problem versus a single objective model. The results illustrate the flexibility that the dispatching problem (in underground gold mines) yields when solved for multiple objectives using a goal programming model.

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Emdini Gliwan, Suliman, and Kevin Crowe. "A Goal Programming Model for Dispatching Trucks in an Underground Gold Mine." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 36 (November 30, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n36p1.

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The cost of transporting mined materials in an underground mine is major. This cost typically represents between 50 to 60 percent of a mine’s total operating costs. The problem of dispatching trucks in an underground gold mine is of major economic importance and warrants the use of a decision support model. The developments of a realistic decision-support model for the dispatching problem in an underground gold mine were addressed in this paper. The problem must address multiple conflicting objectives, and therefore, a goal programming model was formulated. The model was applied to a case study, the Red Lake underground gold mine, in Ontario, Canada. The results showed major improvements in meeting the multiple objectives of this problem versus a single objective model. The results also illustrate the flexibility that the dispatching problem (in underground gold mines) yields when solved for multiple objectives using a goal programming model.

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Handley, M. "Where is all the gold?" Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 123, no. 4 (June 8, 2023): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/1902/2023.

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The Witwatersrand Basin contains by far the most gold ever found, and has hosted mining from its discovery in 1886 to the present. For many years, South Africa was the world's largest producer of gold, nearly all of which came from the Witwatersrand. Since 2000, South Africa has fallen back several positions because of declining gold output. There are many complex and varied reasons for this; however, declining gold resources in the Witwatersrand Basin are not one of them. As far as the author knows, there are no qualified estimates in the literature of gold remaining in the Witwatersrand Basin. This paper collects mining data from several sources and then, using elementary gold accounting and error analysis, attempts to estimate the amount of gold remaining in the Witwatersrand Basin. It includes gold underground in existing and defunct mines, in evaluated ore resources, and dumps. Compiled data from 1887 to 2019 shows that 50 200 t of gold were produced by Witwatersrand mines, while it is estimated that a further 48 100 t remain underground, both within and outside of mine leases, a further 1 600 t on the surface in tailings, and an unknown amount in rock dumps. Nearly all of this gold will remain inaccessible with current mining methods, and major technical developments in mining will be necessary before any of the gold can be categorized as a code-compliant resource or reserve. To win this prize, the mining industry will have to rethink its approach to mining, both in old mining leases and in the unexploited ground. It will also have to find effective means of preventing gold theft and informal mining, which are on the rise.

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Perinbam, B. Marie. "Perceptions of Bonduku's Contribution to the Western Sudanese Gold Trade: An Assessment of the Evidence." History in Africa 13 (1986): 295–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171548.

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On his way back from Mossi country in 1888, Louis Binger visited Bonduku, principal town of the Akan state of Gyaman. Commenting erroneously on the city's antiquity, Binger nonetheless appropriately referred to Bonduku's association with gold mining and the gold trade with nearby towns such as Kong and Buna. The town's more distant trading partners, he continiued, included Jenne and other Niger bend towns. In effect, the saltgold trade, to which Binger was referring, extended from the Taghaza mines in the north (northern Mali, two day's journey from Taodeni), to the southerly mines in the Bonduku and Asante regions. On his own admission, Binger obtained little information on the gold trade which, of the “hidden” variety, was conducted in traders' homes. He learned even less about gold mining. Even his own attempts to purchase a large gold nugget of 150 grams foundered on his host's opposition, claiming that the sale would bring misfortune to the peoples and their communities.Misinformed on the city's age and frustrated in further endeavors, Binger nonetheless affirmed that a great deal of gold was in the city. He noticed, for example, that gold was the “almost exclusive” payment for European merchandise abounding in local markets. “Not a day passes,” he continued, but that commercial transactions--at his host's residence, or at any other house chosen at random--were concluded, involving gold as the exchange medium. Bonduku's inhabitants, moreover, adorned themselves with gold. Taxes were paid in gold.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Gold and gold mines'

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