To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia).
Journal articles on the topic 'Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Prayuda, Rendi, Tulus Warsito, and Surwandono Surwandono. "Narcotics Smuggling Routes in the Southeast Asia Region (Case Study in the Riau Province, Indonesia)." Security Dimensions 30, no. 30 (June 28, 2019): 116–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7799.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: This paper describes narcotics smuggling routes in the Southeast Asia region, with a special focus on the case of the Riau Province, Indonesia). Southeast Asia occupies the area of 4,4 million square kilometers. The populations of ASEAN has increased from 563.7 million in 2006 to 631.8 million in 2015 at a rate of 1,14% per annum. The population growth in Southeast Asia has impacted the increased use of drugs. The Golden Triangle, i.e. the territory where the borders of Myanmar, Laos and Thailand meet, is a hub for narcotics smuggling. Riau Province is one of gates for narcotics smuggling from other states in Southeast Asia to Indonesia. Method: The paper uses qualitative methods with accompanying descriptions. The theories applied in this paper are realism approach together with international security concept, human security, and narcotics smuggling. Findings: Narcotics smuggling routes in the Riau Province, Indonesia run along unofficial port lines along the coastline. Some regencies that participate in narcotic smuggling are Bengkalis, Dumai, Meranti, Rokan Hilir and Indragiri Hilir Regency. Narcotics smugglers use sea lanes and fishing boats, and act at night to trick patrol officers in the border region.
2
Chalk, Peter. "Southeast Asia and the Golden Triangle's Heroin Trade: Threat and Response." Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 23, no. 2 (April 2000): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/105761000265548.
Full text
3
Prayuda, Rendi. "Kejahatan Transnasional Terorganisir di Wilayah Perbatasan: Studi Modus Operandi Penyelundupan Narkotika Riau dan Malaysia." Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) 9, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajis.9.1.34-47.2020.
Full textAbstract:
The transformation of issues in international politics has led to a shift from traditional security issues (war and military) to non-traditional security issues (human security). One form of non-traditional security threat is the transnational crime activity of narcotics smuggling in Southeast Asia. The Southeast Asian region has an area of around 4.4 million KM2 and is known as the "Golden Triangle" narcotics production area on the border of Thailand, Laos, and Myanmar. One of the destination countries for smuggling narcotics in the Southeast Asian region is Indonesia and Riau Province is one of the gateways for the illegal entry of narcotics from other countries, especially Malaysia. This paper aims to analyze the modus operandi of transnational crime in narcotics smuggling in the border regions of Riau and Malaysia. This paper uses a qualitative method using interviews with research informants. The results of this study indicate that the modus operandi of narcotics smuggling in the border regions of Indonesia and Malaysia is carried out by sea along the coastline of the border provinces of Riau and Malaysia. Narcotics are neatly wrapped and installed GPS devices then smuggled at night by using the services of fishermen as a courier. This seawater smuggling route was chosen due to several factors, namely: the proximity of the territorial waters, the number of unofficial or illegal ports, the lack of surveillance patrols along the water area and the professionalism of law enforcement officers in the border region. The transformation of issues in international politics has led to a shift from traditional security issues (war and military) to non-traditional security issues (human security). One form of non-traditional security threat is the transnational crime activity of narcotics smuggling in Southeast Asia. The Southeast Asian region has an area of around 4.4 million KM2 and is known as the "Golden Triangle" narcotics production area on the border of Thailand, Laos, and Myanmar. One of the destination countries for smuggling narcotics in the Southeast Asian region is Indonesia and Riau Province is one of the gateways for the illegal entry of narcotics from other countries, especially Malaysia. This paper aims to analyze the modus operandi of transnational crime in narcotics smuggling in the border regions of Riau and Malaysia. This paper uses a qualitative method using interviews with research informants. The results of this study indicate that the modus operandi of narcotics smuggling in the border regions of Indonesia and Malaysia is carried out by sea along the coastline of the border provinces of Riau and Malaysia. Narcotics are neatly wrapped and installed GPS devices then smuggled at night by using the services of fishermen as a courier. This seawater smuggling route was chosen due to several factors, namely: the proximity of the territorial waters, the number of unofficial or illegal ports, the lack of surveillance patrols along the water area and the professionalism of law enforcement officers in the border region.
4
Jupri, Jupri. "Pemberian Hak Remisi Bagi Narapidana Narkotika Berstatus Justice Collaborator." Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam 5, no. 1 (June 6, 2020): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35673/ajmpi.v5i1.611.
Full textAbstract:
Indonesia as a paradise for narcotics distribution in Southeast Asia is inseparable from the influence of the Golden Triangle Syndicate, which is a narcotics distribution syndicate in accordance with the golden triangle line that covers three countries, Thailand, Laos and Myanmar. All in various narcotics cases revealed by the National Narcotics Agency or the Police as if the state was made helpless, some convicts who can be behind bars with Correctional Institutions (Lapas) are able to connect narcotics distribution in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to uncover strategies through the role of Justice Collaborator but they are not easy to implement. This study discusses how to request remission rights for narcotics prisoners with Juctice Collaborator status in Lapas Class III Pohuwato. The research method used in this study is the normative-empirical legal research method. The results of the study show that remission is a right for inmates so that it cannot be eliminated, but it can be limited by the additional requirements that must be fulfilled, namely becoming a Justice Collaborator. From 28 narcotics prisoners, only 8 people get remission. As for prisoners who have not received remission, they are constrained in a letter of justice collaborator from investigators / prosecutors.
5
Setiyono, Joko. "INTEGRATED POLICY MANAGEMENT OF NARCOTICS TRAFFICKING AS TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME IN INDONESIA." Diponegoro Law Review 5, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 260–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.5.2.2020.260-276.
Full textAbstract:
Indonesia is the closest state to the Southeast Asian Golden Triangle which is Asia's largest source of opium. Since 1990 until now, Indonesia has become marketing drugs for existence. The indicator of narcotics could be categorized as transnational crimes because of their internal factors and external factors, including drug abuse to the misuses authority by state officials to oversee on narcotics. As a sovereign state, Indonesia has policies in dealing with drug trafficking including transnational organized crime. One of them is by strengthening the performance of the National Narcotics Board of Correctional Institutions in combating narcotics in Indonesia.
6
Masudi, Idris. "Islam Dibawa Masuk oleh Orang Nusantara: Dari Data Terserak Buzurgh Al-Ramahurmuzi, ‘Ajaibul Hind: Kisah-Kisah Ajaib di Daratan dan Lautan Hindi." ISLAM NUSANTARA: Journal for Study of Islamic History and Culture 1, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47776/islamnusantara.v1i1.52.
Full textAbstract:
Studies of the archipelago (nusantara) on the notes of foreign travelers written in the 9th and 10th of centuries are still quite rare. Indeed, there have been several studies on the notes of travelers such as Ma Huan (China), Tome Pires (Portuguese), Ibn Bathuthah (Arabic), and some others. But, these studies revolve around the notes of travelers after the 10th of century. Meanwhile, notes of travelers who came to the archipelago (nusantara) in the century before 10 AD have not got serious attention yet. This book is a travel note's report which captures various activities in India, China and Southeast Asia. This book also contains a history about how Islam met in the Sarandib area. There are many interpretations of sarandib accurate location today. The findings of Keram Kevonian in his research on the names of regions in the Indian Ocean region using Armenian language sources stated that Sarandib means Swarnadipa which was no other than Sumatra.
Keywords: nusantara, records of travelers, islamization, sarandib
Reference:
Balka, Ilyas. The Geoghraphy of The Islamic Word As Seen By Ibn Khaldun. Oman: Ministry of Awqaf and Religious Affairs, t.thn.
Buzurg ibn Syahriyar Ramahurmuz. Kitab Ajayib al-Hind; Barruhu wa Bahruhu, wa Jazairuhu, Penerjemah: Arsyad Mokhtar. Malaysia: Pulau Pinang-Malaysia, 2015.
Fatimi, S.Q. Islam Comes to Malaysia. Singapore: Malaysian Sociological Institute, 1963.
—. Two Letters From Maharaja to The Khalifah: A Study in the Early History of Islam in the East. t.thn.
Freeman-Grenville, G.S.P. “ Some Thought on Buzurg Ibn Shahriyar Al-Ramahormuzi: The Book of The Wonders India.” Paideuma Journal, 1982: no. 28.
Hasymy, A. Sejarah masuk dan berkembangnya Islam di Indonesia. Bandung: Al-Maarif, 1981.
Kevonian, Keram. Suatu Catatan Perjalanan di Laut Cina, dalam buku Lobu Tua Sejarah Awal Barus, editor Claude Gulliot, Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2015. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2015.
Kratovsky, Ignatius. Istoria Arabskoi Geograficheskio Literatury, Tarikh Al-Adab al-Jugrafi al-'Arabiy, penerjemah: Shalahuddin 'Utsman Hasyim,. Teheran: Al-Idarah al-Tsaqafah, t.thn.
Nurcholis, Nanang. “The Golden Triangle (India-China-Indonesia) Maritime Cultural Relations (A Critical Analysis on Kitab ‘Ajaib alHind by Buzurg Ibn Shahriyār (d.399 H/1009 M).” Proceeding of the International Seminar and Conference 2015: The Golden Triangle (Indonesia-India-Tiongkok) Interrelations in Religion, Science, Culture, and Economic. Semarang: Unwahas, 2015.
Ramahurmuz, Buzurg Ibn syahriyar. Kitab Ajaib al-Hind: Barruhu wa Bahruhu, wa Jaziruhu. Paris: Leiden-E.J. Brill, 1883.
Shimada, Ryuoto. “Southeast Asia and International Trade: Continuity and Change in Historical Perspective.” Dalam Paths to the Emerging State in Asia and Africa Springer, oleh Keijiro Otsuka dan Kaoru Sugihara (Ed), Chapter III. Berlin: Springer, 2019.
Syakir, Mahmud. al-Tarikh al-Islamy; al-Tarikh al-Muashirah fi al-Qarah al-Hindi. Beirut: al-Maktab al-Islamy, 1991.
7
Pham, Manh Duc. "Dong Son Imprints in the South of Vietnam (research summary)." Science and Technology Development Journal 17, no. 4 (December 31, 2014): 13–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v17i4.1562.
Full textAbstract:
In the paper, the author reviews the most recent important archaeological discoveries with Dong Son bronze drums (Heger I) found from Highlands (Kontum, Gia Lai, DakLak, Lam Dong provinces), Southern Part of Central Vietnam (Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa provinces) and Southern Vietnam (Binh Dương, Binh Phuoc, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Ben Tre, Kien Giang provinces). The author points out “key sites” in the South Vietnam – the typical sites and artifacts most lively showing “the convergance of Indigenous - Exogenous culture” in ancient villages, workshops for metallurgy, cemeteries, treasures, etc., which are related to the Dong Son and other inhabitants of the protohistorical epoch in Vietnam and Southeast Asia and beyond. There are Cemeteries or Tresors which contained Bronze Dong Son drums (Heger I type), bronze halberds (Ko), Western Han mirrors, Indian Nephrite or Glass and Golden Ornaments – artifacts not only representing the multi-linear relationship of the owners of Southern Vietnam with other Asian centres, but also were considered to be the symbol of power, authority, potential of military and polical function, social ranks and they reflected the unpeaceful situation of the contemporary society. The author emphasizes the very appearance of these Dongson drums as shown with 2 subtypes of Bronze Drum Collections: Original Dong Son (Heger I) Bronze Drum Collection and Imitative Bronze Drum Collection which was created according to "Dongsonian Style" thousands of years ago. The author emphasizes the very early appearance of the “exogenous” elements of culture-technique-art-religion in Southern Vietnam, which were adapted or completely modified to match the knowledge and psychology, aesthetic needs, and “Indigenous” beliefs – especially clear in traditional funeral concept thousands of years ago, as shown with distinction in “chiefdom cemetery”. Finallly, the author generalized data related to Bronze metallurgy at the Southern Vietnam area and came to some following remarks: 1/ Nam Bo - Vietnam was the early centre of Bronze Metallurgy at the Mainland Asia in the Proto-history, with the technology of casting in sandstone moulds. 2/ This Bronze casting industry together with its copper and alloy materials probably came from “Native land of Dong Son culture” – the “Bronze Triangle” or “Bronze Quadrilateral”: Dong Son – Yunnan – Guangxi – Guangdong – Khorat. Through various ways: directly via the East Sea to the South of Vietnam or indirectly through roads – via Sa Huynh cultural area and Tay Nguyen (Highlands) along the Mekong River to the South of Vietnam in the end. 3/ However, the southern metallurgy had their “own features” that were considered “non-Dong Son” by the author. The big and sophisticated bronze products such as Dong Son drums (Heger I type) or Chinese halberd (Ko or halberd), Art figurines such as statues of a pangolin (Manis javanica) or Amulets, statues depicting a dog chasing another animal, etc. only appeared in the Early Iron Age. Apart from some exotic intact goods such as Dong Son drums from Son Tinh, Daglao, Ben Tre, Bu Dang etc. and Western Han mirrors from Binh Yen, Go Dua, Phu Chanh, Kem Nac, most of the bronze products in the Early Iron Age in the South of Vietnam were cast on site, with their own characteristics that were “non-Dong Son” and “non-Chinese”. 4/ According to the author, the large bronze object like Dong Son – styled drums or “Ko” appeared a lot here to the regalia expressing power of the Bigmen (the leaders) in the early historical period in the South of Vietnam and they were just replaced in the early Christian Era under the influence of Indian civilization – process by which French scholars call “Hinduism” and “Buddhism”.
8
Gerstein, Dean R. "The Golden Triangle: Inside Southeast Asia’s Drug Trade." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 39, no. 3 (May 2010): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306110367909n.
Full text
9
Broadhurst, Roderic. "The Golden Triangle: Inside Southeast Asia's Drug Trade." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 42, no. 3 (December 2009): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/acri.42.3.422.
Full text
10
Farrelly, Nicholas. "The Golden Triangle: Inside Southeast Asia's Drug Trade." Journal of Contemporary Asia 40, no. 3 (August 2010): 520–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00472331003798541.
Full text
11
Lintner, Bertil. "The golden triangle: inside Southeast Asia's drug trade." Global Crime 11, no. 1 (February 4, 2010): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17440570903475915.
Full text
12
Mathieson, David Scott. "The Golden Triangle: Inside Southeast Asia’s Drug Trade." Contemporary Southeast Asia 31, no. 2 (2009): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/cs31-2h.
Full text
13
WOODIWISS, MICHAEL. "THE GOLDEN TRIANGLE: INSIDE SOUTHEAST ASIA'S DRUG TRADE." Addiction 105, no. 1 (January 2010): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02868_1.x.
Full text
14
Wilde, Andy. "The Golden Triangle of Southeast China: Another Carlin Trend?" SEG Discovery, no. 55 (October 1, 2003): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/segnews.2003-55.fea.
Full textAbstract:
Editor’s note: This article is an expanded version of The Golden Triangle of SE China: Potential for another Carlin trend, which appeared in the inaugural SGEG Newsletter (July 2003, no. 1) published by the Special Group in Economic Geology at Monash University. Andy Wilde’s paper provides an interesting complement to the current special issue (98-6) of Economic Geology, which focuses on gold deposits of the Carlin trend in northern Nevada.
15
Puniskis, Michael J. "Review of Ko-Lin Chin, The Golden Triangle: Inside Southeast Asia’s Drug Trade." Asian Journal of Criminology 7, no. 4 (February 23, 2012): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11417-012-9132-4.
Full text
16
Rimmer, P. J. "Regional economic integration in Pacific Asia." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 26, no. 11 (November 1994): 1731–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x9402601104.
Full textAbstract:
The emergence of a new infrastructural arena in Europe has prompted searches for similar ‘macroeconomic corridors’ in the United States and Japan. Although they can easily be discovered in the United States, confining attention to Japan omits new regional forms brought about by economic integration in Pacific Asia. After examining the driving forces behind regional economic integration—rival firms, rival states, and supranational organisations—interest is focused on the ‘Japan Corridor’ and emerging zones of economic cooperation in the Yellow Sea and South China Sea as the building blocks of an East Asian development corridor. The rudiments of a Southeast Asian corridor are also examined by centring attention on the ‘Growth Triangle’ (Singapore-Johor-Riau), the ‘Northern Triangle’ (northern Malaysia-southern Thailand-northern Sumatra), and other manifestations of regional economic cooperation. More speculative discussion considers how a Pacific Asian corridor could emerge from further zones of economic cooperation in both Indochina and the Japan Sea. Its pivot could be the Hong Kong-Shanghai-Taipei triangle—a reflection of the likely emergence of a greater Chinese economic grouping.
17
MILLS, MARY BETH. "The Golden Peninsula: Culture and Adaptation in Mainland Southeast Asia. CHARLES F. KEYES." American Ethnologist 22, no. 4 (November 1995): 1050–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.1995.22.4.02a00840.
Full text
18
Singh, Satyavir. "Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism in South Asia : Challenges and Policy Options." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 58, no. 3-4 (July 2002): 145–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492840205800306.
Full textAbstract:
Threats from the cross-border terrorism and separatism nexus between narcotic mafias and terrorist and insurgent groups, religious and political extremism, and aggressive nationalism pose new challenges to the viability of large multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, multicultural and multi-religious states of the South Asia Region (SAR) and there is an urgent need to combat these challenges through democracy, secularism, tolerance, regional co-operation and rule of law. The largest drug producing areas of the world Golden Crescent and Golden Triangle lie within the geographic proximity of the SAR. These geographical links are exacerbated by the connection between narcotics and arms, with the sea routes of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal providing ideal conduits for supply of both arms and narcotics. This resulted in the lethal cocktail of narco-terrorism and such a nexus can encourage ‘maritime terrorism’, in the coastal and island states of the SAR.
19
Landingin, Nathaniel, and David Wadley. "Export processing zones and growth triangle development: the case of the BIMP-EAGA, Southeast Asia." Journal of International Development 17, no. 1 (January 2005): 67–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.1138.
Full text
20
Simpson, Adam. "The environment – Energy security nexus: critical analysis of an energy ‘love triangle’ in Southeast Asia." Third World Quarterly 28, no. 3 (April 2007): 539–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436590701192710.
Full text
21
Xiaodong, Xu. "The SIJORI Growth Triangle: Progress, Problems and Prospect." Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration 3, no. 1 (July 16, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v3i1.4473.
Full textAbstract:
The Singapore-Johor-Riau Growth Triangle established in the late 1980s is the first regional cooperation framework in Southeast Asia. However, such a promising framework ran into a dilemma after ten years of development. Main factors accounting for its unanticipated limited progress include uneven regional economic performance, divergent individual interests at all levels, rising social problems, and uncertain external environment. A thorough review of the growth triangle with special attention on the progress as well as the issues be inspiring for the further promotion of the regional cooperation, which requires dynamics both internal and external. The first category of dynamics includes the design of a unified administrative institution, coordination between public and private sectors, more liberal policies, the proper understanding of social and knowledgeable elements, the role of overseas Chinese and the utilization of historical legacies. The other category mainly underlines utilizing external stimuli outside the region, especially China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI).
22
Kalunta-Crumpton, A. "The Golden Triangle: Inside Southeast Asia's Drug Trade. By Ko-Lin Chin (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2009, 280pp.)." British Journal of Criminology 50, no. 2 (January 13, 2010): 388–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azp086.
Full text
23
Oegroseno, Arif Havas. "State Practices in Southeast Asia: Possible Collaboration amongst Claimants in the South China Sea Dispute." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 32, no. 2 (June 14, 2017): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718085-12322057.
Full textAbstract:
This article considers the prospects for cooperation between the claimants in the South China Sea dispute. A number of reasons are provided to explain why the likelihood of resolving the dispute over territorial sovereignty is slim. Nonetheless, such disagreements need not stand in the way of managing the South China Sea dispute. In this regard, inspiration is sought in other practices in Southeast Asia where joint activities are conducted in areas where not all maritime boundaries and sovereignty disputes have been settled. These practices are (1) the management of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore, and (2) the Coral Triangle Initiative. The author suggests that China and the asean member states should gain first-hand information about these practices with a view to establishing comparable joint activities in the South China Sea.
24
Fortes, Miguel D., Jillian Lean Sim Ooi, Yi Mei Tan, Anchana Prathep, Japar Sidik Bujang, and Siti Maryam Yaakub. "Seagrass in Southeast Asia: a review of status and knowledge gaps, and a road map for conservation." Botanica Marina 61, no. 3 (June 27, 2018): 269–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bot-2018-0008.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSoutheast Asia has the highest diversity of seagrass species and habitat types, but basic information on seagrass habitats is still lacking. This review examines the known distribution, extent, species diversity, and research and knowledge gaps of seagrasses in Southeast Asia by biogeographic region of the Marine Ecoregions of the World (MEOW). The extent of seagrass meadows in Southeast Asia is ~36,762.6 km2but this is likely an underestimate as some ecoregions were not well-represented and updated information was lacking. There is a paucity of information from the Western Coral Triangle Province, with no areal extent data available for the Indonesian regions of Kalimantan, Central and Southeast Sulawesi, the Maluku Islands, and West Papua. Regional research output has increased in the last two decades, with a trend towards more experimental, rather than descriptive research. However, there are knowledge gaps in socio-cultural-economic themed research, despite growing awareness of the importance of seagrass-human relationships in this region. Obstacles to advancing seagrass research, knowledge and conservation are rooted in either lack of expertise and training or the failure of effective management and policies. We propose a roadmap for seagrass conservation, with suggested solutions, including 1) encouraging collaboration between research institutions and scientists in the region to build capacity and share knowledge; 2) engaging with policymakers and governments to encourage science-based policies; 3) engaging with communities to raise awareness and foster stewardship of seagrass in the region.
25
IONESCU, Lavinel G., Joao Marcos Hohemberger, Juliane Vicenzi, and Carlos Perez Bergmann. "ELIMINATION AND CONTROL OF AQUATIC PESTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT." SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 13, no. 13 (December 20, 2005): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.v13.n13.2005.80_2005.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The present paper is a brief review of possible methods that can be used to control or eliminate aquatic pests from the environment, with particular emphasis on the golden mussel, Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker 1856). This bivalve mollusk, a native of Southeast Asia, has infested most of the rivers in Northern Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Southern Brazil and is causing serious environmental difficulties and biofouling. In addition, it causes serious problems to water treatment stations and hydroelectric power plants.
26
Tan, Danielle. "“Small is Beautiful”: Lessons from Laos for the Study of Chinese Overseas." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 41, no. 2 (June 2012): 61–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261204100204.
Full textAbstract:
During the colonial period, Laos welcomed the smallest overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asia, communities that almost disappeared after the communist forces seized power in Laos in 1975. Yet, this landlocked country shares a long history with China and even experienced a Golden Age thanks to the thriving caravan trade between Yunnan and mainland Southeast Asia. The Greater Mekong Subregion initiative, a development programme launched by the Asian Development Bank, has revitalized these historical trade routes, causing thousands of Chinese migrants to pour onto the new roads of Laos, channelled through the North–South Economic Corridor linking Kunming to Bangkok. Depicted as “an army of ants” that plunders the natural resources of this poor country, these Chinese migrants are also the main drivers of development. The paper seeks to examine the specificity of China's engagement in Laos. I suggest that this small and forgotten country can provide insightful lessons to better understand the current changes taking place in Chinese migration worldwide.
27
Revire, Nicolas. "Facts and Fiction: The Myth of Suvaṇṇabhūmi Through the Thai and Burmese Looking Glass." TRaNS: Trans -Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia 6, no. 2 (July 2018): 167–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/trn.2018.8.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractMost scholars think that the generic name ‘Golden Land’ (Sanskrit, Suvarṇabhūmi; Pali, Suvaṇṇabhūmi) was first used by Indian traders as a vague designation for an extensive region beyond the subcontinent, presumably in Southeast Asia. Some Pali sources specifically link Suvaṇṇabhūmi with the introduction of Buddhism to the region. The locus classicus is the Sri Lankan Mahāvaṃsa chronicle (fifth century AD) which states that two monks, Soṇa and Uttara, were sent there for missionary activities in the time of King Asoka (third century BC). However, no Southeast Asian textual or epigraphic sources refer to this legend or to the Pali term Suvaṇṇabhūmi before the second millennium AD. Conversely, one may ask, what hard archaeological evidence is there for the advent of Buddhism in mainland Southeast Asia? This article re-examines the appropriation of the name Suvaṇṇabhūmi in Thailand and Burma for political and nationalist purposes and deconstructs the connotation of the term and what it has meant to whom, where, and when. It also carefully confronts the Buddhist literary evidence and earliest epigraphic and archaeological data, distinguishing material discoveries from legendary accounts, with special reference to the ancient Mon countries of Rāmaññadesa (lower Burma) and Dvāravatī(central Thailand).
28
GREBENNIKOV, VASILY V. "Dryophthorinae weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of the forest floor in Southeast Asia: illustrated overview of nominal Stromboscerini genera." Zootaxa 4418, no. 2 (May 7, 2018): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4418.2.2.
Full textAbstract:
All 13 Recent genera currently assigned to the tribe Stromboscerini are studied and illustrated based mainly on the type specimens of the type species. Nominal monotypic genus Parasynommatus Voss, 1956 from New Guinea is herein transferred to Cossoninae incertae sedis. The genus Nephius is notably dissimilar to the rest of the tribe and perhaps renders it paraphyletic. Besides the monotypic type genus endemic to Madagascar, the tribe is distributed in a triangle delimited by Japan, Sri Lanka and northern Australia; two new tribe records from continental Africa (Uganda) and the Western Hemisphere (Cuba) are reported and illustrated. Assignment of both fossil monotypic genera to the tribe was done outside of the cladistic framework and remains questionable. Judging by external similarity, the likeliest closest relative of Stromboscerini (with or without Nephius and, perhaps, Stromboscerus) is the tribe Dryophthorini with three Recent genera.
29
Chatys, Mateusz. "Relations Between Singapore and the People’s Republic of China in the Light of Donald Trump’s New Southeast Asia Policy." International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal 23, no. 1 (July 15, 2019): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1641-4233.23.09.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the article is to analyze the relationship between Singapore and the People’s Republic of China in the light of the current policy of the President of the United States Donald Trump. The point of reference for the presented analysis is the foreign policy of the former President Barack Obama, based on the strategy known as “pivot to Asia” – the strategic turnabout of the United States to the Asia-Pacific region. One of its main objectives was the signing of a multilateral agreement on the establishment of a free trade zone, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), bringing together 12 countries. The main subject of the present analysis is to examine the impact of Donald Trump’s decision of January 2017 to withdraw from the TPP trade agreement on the relations between the remaining signatories of the agreement, as well as to examine Beijing’s actions, which may seek to increase its sphere of influence in Asia through the breakdown of TPP. The main part of the research is focused on the triangle politics concept in international politics, which will include China, Singapore and the United States. Besides the two largest economic powers, Singapore is included because of its membership in the TPP and ASEAN, and due to its strong economy and its population (predominantly) of Chinese origin it can be viewed as the “fifth column” or may otherwise play a role in the Greater China concept.
30
Kamler, Jan F., Xaysavanh Inthapanya, Akchousanh Rasphone, Anita Bousa, Chanthavy Vongkhamheng, Arlyne Johnson, and David W. Macdonald. "Diet, prey selection, and activity of Asian golden cats and leopard cats in northern Laos." Journal of Mammalogy 101, no. 5 (October 3, 2020): 1267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyaa113.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Asian golden cat (Catopuma temminckii) occurs in small, declining, and highly fragmented populations throughout Southeast Asia, whereas the smaller leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) is common and widespread. In contrast to leopard cats, little is known about the ecology of Asian golden cats, and resource partitioning between these species has not been studied. We used DNA-confirmed scats, camera-trap data, and prey surveys, to determine the diet, prey selection, and activity, of Asian golden cats and leopard cats in a protected area in northern Laos. The two felids had different diets: Asian golden cats consumed mostly ungulates (35% biomass consumed), murid rodents (23%), and carnivores (15%), whereas leopard cats consumed mostly murid rodents (79%). Asian golden cats were not random in their consumption of ungulates, because muntjac (Muntiacus spp.) were selectively consumed over larger ungulates, indicating muntjac were preyed upon rather than scavenged. Dietary overlap between the two felid species was moderate (R0 = 0.60), and the dietary niche breadth of Asian golden cats (B = 8.44) was nearly twice as high as that of leopard cats (4.54). The mean (± SD) scat diameter was greater for Asian golden cats (2.1 ± 0.3 cm) than leopard cats (1.8 ± 0.2 cm), although diameters of leopard cat scats were considerably larger than previously assumed for this species. The felid species differed in their activity patterns, because Asian golden cats were diurnal, whereas leopard cats were nocturnal, although they did not differ in their use of elevation, suggesting there was no habitat segregation. Overall, leopard cats appeared to coexist with Asian golden cats, a potential predator and competitor, by exhibiting dietary and temporal partitioning. Our results showed that muntjac were important prey of Asian golden cats, suggesting the management of muntjac might be important for conserving populations of Asian golden cats.
31
Yangho Wu and Kim Sang-Goo. "A New Approach to Cross Border Cooperation and Partnership Among Local Governments: The Case of ‘SIJORI Growth Triangle’ in Southeast Asia." Korean Governance Review 21, no. 2 (August 2014): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17089/kgr.2014.21.2.004.
Full text
32
Abdullah, Noorman. "Ko-Lin Chin (2009) The Golden Triangle: Inside Southeast Asia’s Drug Trade. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. 280 pp. ISBN: 9780801475214 (paperback)." Asian Journal of Social Science 40, no. 4 (2012): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-12341237.
Full text
33
Gorospe, Kelvin D., William Michaels, Robert Pomeroy, Christopher Elvidge, Patrick Lynch, Supin Wongbusarakum, and Russell E. Brainard. "The mobilization of science and technology fisheries innovations towards an ecosystem approach to fisheries management in the Coral Triangle and Southeast Asia." Marine Policy 74 (December 2016): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.09.014.
Full text
34
Kim, Jin-Sook. "Analysis of Crisis in K-beauty (Korean Cosmetics) and Response Plan: Focusing on China and Southeast Asia." Korean Society of Beauty and Art 21, no. 3 (September 20, 2020): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18693/jksba.2020.21.3.37.
Full textAbstract:
This study attempted to i) investigate the causes of the crisis in K-beauty and the current situation, ii) seek a response plan through individualized strategies and competitiveness improvement, iii) assess the adequacy of domestic regulations, laws, and systems, which could weaken the export of makeup products, and iv) develop an improvement plan, focusing on the Chinese and Southeast Asian markets. In terms of the research method, an in-depth interview was performed among export managers from small & mid-sized enterprises as well as big businesses. In addition, literature and records, including objective statistics, industry analysis report, and policy data were analyzed. K-beauty’s popularity had declined sharply since it’s golden days. In fact, it hasn’t been able to find any solution to this issue in the Southeast Asian or Chinese markets, experiencing a dramatic decrease in sales and negative growth rates. As a way to overcome this crisis, the development of an individualized response strategy depending on the cause of the decreased competitiveness of K-beauty is required. Furthermore, it is necessary to have a plan to localize specialized cosmetics such as, natural, functional, bio, and all-in-one products, which can generate synergistic effects between the excellence of K-beauty and the propensities of the new generation abroad. Also, the cosmetics export policy authority needs to upgrade its regulatory policies to international levels in order to enhance the competitiveness of the domestic cosmetics industry. This study also suggested an overseas investment strategy and an overseas permit/approval agency for small and mid-sized enterprises, and the amendment enforcement of current punishment-centered cosmetics laws, as well as the removal of export inhibitors, such as redundant approval procedures.
35
Low, Van Lun, Yusoff Norma-Rashid, Rosichon Ubaidillah, Amri Yusoff, Batah Kunalan Prakash, Tiong Kai Tan, Chee Dhang Chen, and Mohd Sofian-Azirun. "Does colour matter? Genetic differentiation of colour morphs of the Asian golden web spider Nephila antipodiana (Araneae: Nephilidae)." Animal Biology 68, no. 4 (2018): 417–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15707563-18000002.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Here we present the first attempt to test for genetic differentiation among four distinct colour morphs of the Asian golden web spider Nephila antipodiana Walckenaer. Fragments of the 18S rRNA (18S) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes were sequenced in eight populations of N. antipodiana belonging to four distinct colour morphs: yellow, yellowish green, and two newly discovered morphs, reddish yellow and white-spotted. The nuclear sequences amplified from females of the four colour morphs were identical. The mitochondrial COI sequences, on the other hand, revealed slightly higher variation by recovering three haplotypes belonging to two different clades. Clade I comprises yellow, yellowish green and reddish yellow morphs from the mainland of Southeast Asia and Java, whereas clade II is restricted to white-spotted morph originating from Borneo. The low genetic divergence between both clades, despite being distinctive, undoubtedly provides new insight into the genetic diversity of this polymorphic species.
36
Lassus, Pongkwan. "Makkasan Train Factory: an attempt to preserve Bangkok’s urban heritage." Tropical Architecture in the Modern Diaspora, no. 63 (2020): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/63.a.d5ds2ins.
Full textAbstract:
The Makkasan Train Factory, opened 110 years ago, is the first industrial estate in Thailand and used to be the biggest hub for train production in Southeast Asia. Nowadays, this huge land of 80 hectares, with direct access from the Savarnabhumi airport rail link, is considered a golden land right in the business center of Bangkok, that attracts real estate investors. A third of the land set aside at the end of last year for the development of a mixed use commercial project as a part of the High Speed Train project. As this land is the last big area of public land in the capital, civic groups for urban heritage conservation and the environment tried to point out its tangible and intangible heritage value hoping that there would be a proper master plan to preserve these values for future generations.
37
Mizaj, Mizaj. "Dayah Darussalam Network and Dayah Awakening in Aceh." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 1, no. 3 (October 18, 2018): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v1i3.27.
Full textAbstract:
As the oldest educational institution in Southeast Asia, dayah has not received wide attention from researchers at international, national and even local levels. This paper was carried out to see the revival of Dayah in Aceh through the spread of the Dayah Darussalam network. Previously the dayah had passed the phase. First, the initial phase. This phase is marked by the establishment of Dayah Zawiyah Cot Kala in the 10th century AD. Second, the golden phase. This phase occurs around the 16-18th century. This golden phase was marked by the establishment of Dayah Manyang Baiturrahman . Third, the phase of decline. This phase began since the Dutch launched their aggression in Aceh in 1873. The phase of the decline of the dayah is marked by two things: (1) the dayah scholars split their focus between conducting educational activities and physical resistance to expel the Dutch colonizers; (2) the dayah curriculum at that time began to be limited only to religious studies. And finally the phase of the Dayah awakening marked by the spread of the Dayah Darussalam network. This can be seen from the four generations who have studied in the Dayah Darussalam. The four generations formed the Dayah Darussalam network by establishing a dayah after they finished learning in the Dayah Darussalam.
38
Taylor, Trevor. "Asia in Japan's embrace: building a regional production alliance, Asia's deadly triangle: how arms, energy and growth threaten to destabilize Asia-Pacific and Southeast Asia in the new world order: the political economy of a dynamic region." International Affairs 73, no. 3 (July 1997): 607–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2624340.
Full text
39
Nadalutti, Elisabetta. "The rise of trans-border regions in Southeast Asia: behind the dynamics of informal and formal integration processes in the ‘Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapore’ growth triangle." Pacific Review 28, no. 4 (March 9, 2015): 607–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2015.1012536.
Full text
40
Tavakoli Roody, Amir, and Amir Sadra Javanshiri. "Steel Joint Consortium (Iran, Afghanistan, Russia, China, India and Germany) in Herat, and the Economic, Political and Security Impacts in the Region, by Futuristic Approach with an Emphasis on SWOT." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v5i2.236.
Full textAbstract:
Geopolitical weight has a direct relationship with the geopolitical prestige of the country in the global and regional system, which can increase the dignity and public reputation of the country among other larger, equal or smaller countries. The more credibility and dignity increases, the more provide new opportunities for visible or invisible power, to objectively and subjectively influence processes, decisions, actions and behaviors at different local, regional and global scales. The geopolitical position of eastern Iran, due to its proximity to the countries of central Asia and Afghanistan and its access to high-energy resources; its domination on the world's most important energy and commodity transfer pathways; the strategic location for the land locked countries in Central Asia, Caucasus and Afghanistan to access free waters, connecting China and the countries of Southeast Asia to Europe; and the formation of the KhafHerat-China triangle and the region as a gateway for east of the country. The formation of this consortium between relevant countries, particularly five powerful countries in the steel industry in Herat can be considered as a factor in the emergence of Iran's geopolitical power and expanding Iran's influence in the region and Central Asia. Generally, the presence of regional and trans-regional economic powers and the convergence of these countries in the formation of a joint consortium can create a massive geopolitical weight to prevent US threats .Although, this project shows a clear horizon, but there are definitely problems with this process to assess the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the swot model, to better recognize the partnership environment. The research method in this paper is descriptiveanalytical and data collection is based on documentary-library method. In this research quantitative and qualitative resources are simultaneously used relative to the problem under discussion which is called mixed research method.
41
Nguyen, Duc Hanh, and Thi Mai Dinh. "Impacts of wildlife trade and sustainable development in Vietnam." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015703001.
Full textAbstract:
Viet Nam harbors a high level of biological diversity in the world. However, Viet Nam is also known as one of the countries having a high demand of biological resource use in Asia. The illegal trade and consumption of wildlife products have become a major threat to the biodiversity. The consequences of unsustainable use in recent decades have led to a rapid population decline many animal and plant species particularly endangered species and many species are now facing extinction. A total of 179 species of animals and 94 species of plants was listed in the governmental decree as endangered and with a high priority of conservation concern.. A number of large mammals or flagship species have become extinct or their populations have been severely declined due to overexploitation and illegal collecting, for example: Javan Rhinoceros (extinct), Indochinese Tiger, Gray Gaur, Wild Buffalo, Golden Deer, and Eld’s Deer. Viet Nam has also known as an important hub and hotspot in Southeast Asia for the consumption of plant and wildlife products, and transit point for the illegal wildlife trade in Asia. Thousands of wildlife animals (more than 20, 000 tons per year) have been exploited and consumed for traditional medicine or trade purposes in Viet Nam. This article focuses on the challenges of prosecution and crimes relating to wildlife trade in Viet Nam. It also provides an analytical framework for assessing the impact of wildlife trade and criminal status relating to wildlife in Viet Nam on conservation and local livelihoods.
42
BARBOSA, FABIANA G. "The scientific literature on Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker 1857) from 1982 to 2012." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 86, no. 3 (August 15, 2014): 1373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201420130281.
Full textAbstract:
Limnoperna fortunei (golden mussel) is a freshwater bivalve native to Southeast Asia, but is becoming an invasive species in several aquatic ecosystems in the world. In this study, a scientometric analysis was performed to identify the patterns, trends and gaps of knowledge for this invasive species. A survey of the published literature was conducted using the database of the Thomson Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). A total of 107 papers were surveyed that were published between 1982 and 2012 in 60 journals. The number of papers on L. fortunei over the years has increased, especially within the last eight years of the study period. Argentina, Brazil, and Japan are the countries that contributed the most papers to the literature on invasive bivalve. The majority of papers were field-observational studies. Among some important gaps that need to be addressed are the relatively small number and/or lack of studies conducted in the native countries and in countries invaded by L. fortunei, the lack of internationally collaborative publications in these countries, as well as a low number of internationally collaborative studies.
43
Marshall, David W., and Preston K. Andrews. "Trends in Washington State's Apple Industry." HortTechnology 4, no. 1 (January 1994): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.4.1.6.
Full textAbstract:
Washington is the leading producer of apples in the United States. North-central and south-central Washington and the Columbia Basin are the major production regions within the state. The climate of these production regions is characterized by cold winters and hot, dry summers with high levels of light intensity. The principal varieties produced are still `Delicious', `Golden Delicious', and `Granny Smith'; however, `Fuji', `Gala', and `Braeburn' have been planted widely since 1988. Despite increasing levels of production and lower prices beginning in 1986, apple prices have recovered relatively well in recent years due to aggressive exports to southeast Asia and Mexico. Increased international competition has resulted in a trend towards higher-density orchards using dwarfing rootstock so that earlier production can be achieved. Evaluation of the performance of new varieties in Washington's climatic conditions has increased. Although not the focus of this article, several social and environmental issues are facing the Washington apple industry, including increasing restrictions on chemical usage, competition for a limited water resource, regulation of ground water quality, pending labor relations legislation, and increasing urbanization pressures.
44
Bolotov, Ivan N., Ekaterina S. Konopleva, Ilya V. Vikhrev, Mikhail Y. Gofarov, Manuel Lopes-Lima, Arthur E. Bogan, Zau Lunn, et al. "Nominal taxa of freshwater Mollusca from Southeast Asia described by Dr. Nguyen N. Thach: A brief overview with new synonyms and fixation of a publication date." Ecologica Montenegrina 41 (April 26, 2021): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2021.41.11.
Full textAbstract:
In this correspondence, we present a summary of taxonomic names of freshwater Mollusca introduced by Dr. Nguyen N. Thach, an enthusiastic and productive malacologist from Vietnam. We show that this researcher described one new genus and 12 new nominal species of freshwater molluscs from Southeast Asia. Two of these nominal species, Sinanodonta hunganhi Thach, 2016 and Lanceolaria bogani Thach, 2016 (Bivalvia: Unionidae), were already considered junior synonyms of S. jourdyi (Morlet, 1886) and L. fruhstorferi (Dautzenberg, 1900), respectively (Do et al. 2018; Đặng and Hố 2019). Here, we propose one more synonym for the invasive Golden Apple Snail as follows: Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) [=Pomacea thachi Huber in Thach, 2020 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae). Furthermore, we establish the formal synonymy for the following taxa: Taia Annandale, 1918 [=Boganmargarya Thach, 2018 syn. nov.]; Taia shanensis (Kobelt, 1909) [=Boganmargarya huberi Thach, 2018 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Viviparidae); Brotia henriettae (Gray in Griffith & Pidgeon, 1833) [=Brotia frankhuberi Thach, 2020 syn. nov.; Brotia bogani Thach & Huber in Thach, 2020 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Pachychilidae); Pila pesmei (Morlet, 1889) [=Pila huberi Thach, 2020 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae); and Paludomus andersoniana Nevill, 1877 [=Paludomus huberi Thach, 2020 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Paludomidae). Additionally, four nominal species are treated here as taxa inquirenda: Melanoides thachi Huber in Thach, 2020 (Gastropoda: Thiaridae), Trochoita frankohleri Thach & Huber in Thach, 2020 (Gastropoda: Viviparidae), Paracrostoma huberi Thach, 2018 (Gastropoda: Pachychilidae), and Pseudodon artbogani Thach & Huber in Thach, 2020 (Bivalvia: Unionidae). We also show that the publication date written on the title page of the book “New Shells of South Asia. Volume 2” (Thach, 2020a) is a bit misleading and that this book appeared in the printed form on 23 June 2020. The latter date is fixed here as the date of availability of taxonomic names introduced in this work. Finally, we present an annotated checklist of freshwater Mollusca described by N. N. Thach with approximate coordinates of the type localities and reference to corresponding river drainage basins.
45
Amir Arjomand, Saïd. "Axial civilizations, multiple modernities, and Islam." Journal of Classical Sociology 11, no. 3 (August 2011): 327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468795x11406032.
Full textAbstract:
Departing from the modernization theory, S.N. Eisenstadt proposed the idea of ‘post-traditional societies’ in the early 1970s, and proceeded to formulate the concepts of ‘axial civilizations’ and ‘multiple modernities’ in the following decades. In the 1980s, Eisenstadt sketched a model of constant tension between an Islamic primordial utopia — the ideal of the Golden Age of pristine Islam— and the historical reality of patrimonial Sultanism, coexisting with an autonomous public sphere protected by Islamic law and dominated by the religious elite, the ulema. The main feature of this model was the oscillation between military regimes with limited pluralism and puritanical fundamentalism. Eisenstadt further emphasized the degree of autonomy of the religious elite as the carriers of Islam in relation to the ruler and political power as a determinant of the strength of their civilizational impact. Islam remained confined to the religious sphere in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, where the religious elite lacked autonomy, but had a much broader civilizational impact in the Middle East and North Africa, where the ulema developed greater autonomy. The article shows Eisenstadt’s subsequent influence by discussion of the application by other sociologists of civilizational analysis to Islam in a comparative perspective, and of multiple modernities to contemporary Islam.
46
Sunarto, Toto, Tarkus Suganda, Martua Suhunan Sianipar, and Aep Wawan Irwan. "Ketahanan Sistemik Terinduksi pada Tanaman Padi dengan Ekstrak Tumbuhan terhadap Nematoda Bengkak Akar (Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfiels)." Agrikultura 30, no. 1 (April 9, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v30i1.22624.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTInduced systemic resistance in rice plant with plant extract to rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfiels)Rice is one of important crop that constantly infected by various pathogens. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne graminicola) can decrease rice productivity in Southeast Asia. These nematodes have been reported in Indonesia. Currently nematode control is focused on biological control, application of organic and inorganic materials, natural nematicide, and induction of resistance. The study was conducted in the greenhouse Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The purpose of this study was to obtain an effective type of plant extract as an inducer of rice plant resistance to M. graminicola. The experiment used experimental method with Randomized Block Design consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consists of application of plant leaf extract: kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata), beluntas (Plucea indica), water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes), spinach thorn (Amaranthus spinosus), control (without plant extract), and carbofuran. The experimental results showed that the extract of beluntas (P. indica) and spinach thorn (A. spinosus) can decrease the amount of gall on the roots of rice plants, and can suppress the amount of juvenile II M. graminicola in 100 ml of soil.Keywords: Induced systemic resistance, Meloidogyne graminicola, Plant extract, RiceABSTRAKTanaman padi merupakan tanaman serealia penting di dunia. Patogen tanaman seperti jamur, bakteri, virus, dan nematoda merupakan faktor pembatas pada budidaya tanaman padi. Nematoda bengkak akar (Meloidogyne graminicola) dapat menurunkan produktivitas padi di Asia Tenggara, dan nematoda ini telah dilaporkan terdapat di Indonesia. Pengendalian nematoda parasit tanaman sangat sulit, umumnya menggunakan nematisida kimia yang berbahaya bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Saat ini pengendalian nematoda difokuskan pada pengendalian secara biologi, aplikasi bahan organik dan inorganik, nematisida alami, dan induksi resistensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di rumah kaca Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh jenis ekstrak tumbuhan yang efektif sebagai bahan penginduksi ketahanan tanaman padi terhadap M. graminicola. Penelitian menggunakan metode percobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari kontrol (tanpa ekstrak tumbuhan), aplikasi ekstrak daun tumbuhan kirinyuh, beluntas, eceng gondok, bayam duri, dan karbofuran. fek ekstrak tumbuhan sebagai bahan penginduksi tanaman diuji terhadap jumlah gall pada akar, jumlah juvenile tingkat kedua (J2) M. graminicola dalam tanah, berat basah bagian atas tanaman, berat basah akar, dan tinggi tanaman padi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ekstrak daun tanaman bayam duri dan beluntas dengan metode seed treatment (perendaman benih padi) dan soil drench (penyiraman pada tanah sekitar tanaman padi) dapat menurunkan jumlah gall pada akar padi dan tanaman padi resisten terhadap M. graminicola. Ekstrak daun bayam duri dan beluntas dapat menekan jumlah J2 M. graminicola dalam tanah dan meningkatkan berat basah akar dan tinggi tanaman padi.Kata Kunci: Ekstrak tumbuhan, Ketahanan sistemik terinduksi, Meloidogyne graminicola, Padi
47
Sunarto, Toto, Tarkus Suganda, Martua Suhunan Sianipar, and Aep Wawan Irawan. "Ketahanan Sistemik Terinduksi pada Tanaman Padi dengan Ekstrak Tumbuhan terhadap Nematoda Bengkak Akar (Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfiels)." Agrikultura 30, no. 1 (July 23, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v30i1.22700.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTInduced systemic resistance in rice plant with plant extract to rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfiels)Rice is one of important crop that constantly infected by various pathogens. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne graminicola) can decrease rice productivity in Southeast Asia. These nematodes have been reported in Indonesia. Currently nematode control is focused on biological control, application of organic and inorganic materials, natural nematicide, and induction of resistance. The study was conducted in the greenhouse Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The purpose of this study was to obtain an effective type of plant extract as an inducer of rice plant resistance to M. graminicola. The experiment used experimental method with Randomized Block Design consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consists of application of plant leaf extract: kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata), beluntas (Plucea indica), water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes), spinach thorn (Amaranthus spinosus), control (without plant extract), and carbofuran. The experimental results showed that the extract of beluntas (P. indica) and spinach thorn (A. spinosus) can decrease the amount of gall on the roots of rice plants, and can suppress the amount of juvenile II M. graminicola in 100 ml of soil.Keywords: Induced systemic resistance, Meloidogyne graminicola, Plant extract, RiceABSTRAKTanaman padi merupakan tanaman serealia penting di dunia. Patogen tanaman seperti jamur, bakteri, virus, dan nematoda merupakan faktor pembatas pada budidaya tanaman padi. Nematodabengkak akar (Meloidogyne graminicola) dapat menurunkan produktivitas padi di Asia Tenggara, dan nematoda ini telah dilaporkan terdapat di Indonesia. Pengendalian nematoda parasit tanaman sangat sulit, umumnya menggunakan nematisida kimia yang berbahaya bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Saat ini pengendalian nematoda difokuskan pada pengendalian secara biologi, aplikasi bahan organik dan inorganik, nematisida alami, dan induksi resistensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di rumah kaca Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh jenis ekstrak tumbuhan yang efektif sebagai bahan penginduksi ketahanan tanaman padi terhadap M. graminicola. Penelitian menggunakan metode percobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari kontrol (tanpa ekstrak tumbuhan), aplikasi ekstrak daun tumbuhan kirinyuh, beluntas, eceng gondok, bayam duri, dan karbofuran. fek ekstrak tumbuhan sebagai bahan penginduksi tanaman diuji terhadap jumlah gall pada akar, jumlah juvenile tingkat kedua (J2) M. graminicola dalam tanah, berat basah bagian atas tanaman, berat basah akar, dan tinggi tanaman padi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ekstrak daun tanaman bayam duri dan beluntas dengan metode seed treatment (perendaman benih padi) dan soil drench (penyiraman pada tanah sekitar tanaman padi) dapat menurunkan jumlah gall pada akar padi dan tanaman padi resisten terhadap M. graminicola. Ekstrak daun bayam duri dan beluntas dapat menekan jumlah J2 M. graminicola dalam tanah dan meningkatkan berat basah akar dan tinggi tanaman padi.Kata Kunci: Ekstrak tumbuhan, Ketahanan sistemik terinduksi, Meloidogyne graminicola, Padi
48
Krasilshchikov, V. A. "Is It Possible to Repeat the Experience of East Asia? The External Factors of East Asian ‘Miracle’." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 13, no. 3 (August 20, 2020): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2020-13-3-1.
Full textAbstract:
The paper focuses on the widespread presupposition about a possibility for the developing countries beyond the East Asian region to follow the development path of the newly industrialised countries (NICs) of East and Southeast Asia known as ‘tigers’. The author underlines that the ‘tigers’ success story was the effect of fortune combination of the external and internal factors of fast modernisation of the countries under scrutiny. The subject of the given paper is a set of the external factors of the East Asian ‘miracle’. In the author’s opinion, there were three main external factors of successful development in the East Asian NICs. Firstly, there was a strong influence of cold war in the region. Since the early‑1960s the rivalry between the USSR and USA was here ‘supplemented’ by pretensions of the Maoist China to the role of ‘torch’ for the poor and wretched peoples of Asia. Thus, there was the specific triangle of foreign forces that operated in the region. The US ruling circles conceived that the best way to ‘the containment of communism’ was to create a show case of ‘good capitalism’: to eradicate mass poverty, to build contemporary effective economy, to open the channels of vertical social mobility for youth, and, thereby, to erode the social soil for the Leftist ideas. Secondly, the business and political leaders of the considerable countries understood a necessity to modernise their economies. The local elites, being in vassal dependency on the American protection, were obliged to follow the path of development that corresponded mostly to the interests of US. This circumstance determined, to a big degree, a choice of the outward‑looking industrialisation. Thirdly, the export‑oriented industrialisation in East Asia coincided with profound structural changes in Western economies. The NICs could occupy niches at the internal markets of industrial countries, exporting their manufactured goods to the West. It provided the growth of incomes for further accumulation. The neoconservatism in politics and neoliberalism in economics in the West helped to the East Asian ‘tigers’ to carry out their modernisation. Since the called external factors of East Asian ‘miracle’ do not recently exist in other developing regions, the author comes to conclusion that none of these regions can repeat the success story of the Asian NICs.
49
Panayotova-Pencheva, M., V. Šnábel, V. Dakova, V. Čabanová, S. Cavallero, A. Trifonova, R. Mirchev, Z. Hurníková, Z. Vasilková, and M. Miterpáková. "Dirofilaria immitis in Bulgaria: the first genetic baseline data and an overview of the current status." Helminthologia 57, no. 3 (August 5, 2020): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/helm-2020-0026.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryDirofilaria immitis, the agent of canine dirofilariosis, is a common parasite of domestic and wild carnivores with zoonotic potential and worldwide distribution, being endemic in many countries. Bulgaria is among European countries recognized as endemic for this heartworm parasite. In the present study, D. immitis adults recovered from pulmonary arteries of domestic dog and golden jackal originating from the Pazardzhik region in southern Bulgaria, and from red fox originating from the Plovdiv region in central-southern Bulgaria, were genetically analyzed in nuclear targets. The first PCR amplification of the internal transcribed region 2 (ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA with previously published D. immitis-specific primers yielded single fragments in size of 302 bp that is characteristic for these heartworms. PCR products of three isolates, resulted from the second amplification of the 5.8S-ITS2 region (235 bp) with pan-filarioid primers, were subjected to direct DNA sequencing. Identical nucleotide composition was detected across the screened target region for these Bulgarian isolates. When the 5.8S-ITS2 sequences were phylogenetically compared to the GenBank-retrieved D. immitis sequences in a worldwide context, the neighbor-joining analysis has shown three discrete clades. The first clade was composed of D. immitis isolates from Europe (including the studied Bulgarian samples), Asia and South America, in the second clade samples from Asia and South America were placed, whereas the third clade was formed by two Brazilian dog isolates originated from the north and southeast part of the country. The purpose of the present study was to verify the taxonomic characterization of D. immitis nematodes from Bulgaria based on morphology and compare their genetic structure with filariae obtained from the different world regions using molecular assays. It also summarizes previous epidemiological and ecological studies on the parasite distribution and prevalences in different hosts and regions undertaken so far in Bulgaria.
50
Drifte, Reinhard. "The Golden Age of the U.S.-China-Japan Triangle, 1972–1989. Edited by Ezra F. Vogel, Yuan Ming, and Tanaka Akihiko. Harvard East Asian Monographs, no. 216. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center, 2002. viii, 268 pp. $40.00 (cloth)." Journal of Asian Studies 62, no. 3 (August 2003): 919–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3591871.
Full text