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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Golf courses Golf courses Golf courses'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Cheung, Simon. "To discover the common grounds between the concerned parties of golf course developments /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19130697.

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2

Wopat, Alexander J. "Responsibilities of general managers of Wisconsin golf courses." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2006. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2006/2006wopata.pdf.

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3

Wong, Man-kee Johnson. "Planning for golf courses in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18154220.

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4

Hau, Chi-hang. "The Social and environmental impacts of golf course development in Hong Kong and ways to improve its environmental standards /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13813547.

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5

Plummer, Audrey L. "Retrofitting closed golf courses." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52239.

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In the 80s and 90s in America, residential developers believed that the best way to make money was to build a golf course community. Premiums of homes on golf courses ranged from 30% to 100% more than the price of a similar home not adjacent to a course. Today, the bottom has fallen out of the golf market leaving over 2,400 courses closed in America. Residential homes bordering a closed golf course experience an 11.7% loss of value. Many owners and potential developers want these large parcels of land to be up-zoned so they can build higher density residential and make a profit. Neighbors do not want to lose their greenspace and public officials do not want to be seen as harming single-family residential. This thesis argues that to retrofit a closed golf course, developers, community members and other stakeholders must first understand the morphological and environmental implications of the different types of golf courses, the context surrounding closed courses and the location of these courses in a greater regional area. By understanding closed golf courses in this way, a framework can be established that results from negotiation among golf course residents, neighbors, developers and public officials.

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6

Mastroni, Nicholas A. "Feasibility and economic analysis for development of a public golf course facility." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03302010-020502/.

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7

LeClerc, Joshua Elliott. "Bird Conservation Value of Golf Courses." W&M ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626454.

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8

Stancil, Clinton Freeman. "Metropolitan Atlanta golf course supply a market analysis." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21675.

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9

Lam, Ding Brian. "Golf course and resort development : design on coastal landscape of northern Lantau Island /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B34609015.

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10

Chin, Man Yi Maggie Lee Sui-chun Macella Lo Yi-wah. "Planning considerations for golf course development in rural areas in North-Western New Territories /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14799777.

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11

Sprinkle, Amy Lyn. "Nutrient management on golf courses in Delaware." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 1.01Mb, 155 p, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/1428197.

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12

Wong, Man-kee Johnson, and 黃文基. "Planning for golf courses in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259303.

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13

Burdge, Ryan Brennan. "Songbirds, Pesticides, and Golf Courses: Exposure and Effects." W&M ScholarWorks, 2009. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626888.

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14

Bartlett, Mark D. "The ecology and control of earthworms on golf courses." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7585.

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Earthworm casts on golf courses affect the playability of the turf and can potentially damage mowing equipment. Traditionally this problem has been limited using chemical controls. It is estimated that 0.6% of the total UK land surface is occupied by golf courses, therefore, the land management strategies which green keepers adopt with respect to the application of chemicals has a major environmental impact. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the ecology and potential control of earthworm casting in golf turf in environmentally sustainable ways. A quadrat survey of earthworm casts was conducted over two years at five golf courses in Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, UK. Using generalized linear models and forward multiple stepwise regression, an internally validated predictive model of earthworm casting activity was constructed. Annual activity on surfaces was predicted using five physicochemical parameters of which C: N and total inorganic nitrogen were the most important. Environmental parameters were also used to predict monthly earthworm activity, with evapotranspiration and rainfall representing the most significant variation. ' Mustard extraction surveys were used to investigate species diversity and community structure of earthworms. Four dominant species were identified (Aporrectodea rosea, Lunibricus rubellus, Aporrectodea longa and Lumbricus terrestris). It is likely that A. longa and L. terrestris, the two must abundant anecic forms, cause the greatest problems to green keepers as these are the largest of the four earthworm species. The microbial community of soil represents the earthworm's primary food source. An analysis of the microbial community size (using chloroform-extraction) and community structure (using phospholipid fatty acid [PLFA] analysis) showed that different surfaces found on golf courses supported significantly distinct and consistent microbial communities. Differences in population size and structure were evident at different depths through all golf course soil profiles investigated. Individual surface types were comparable, irrespective of geographical location. Therefore different surfaces and depths through the soil profile on golf courses represent different earthworm habitats. An investigation of the effects of different construction techniques and materials used in the golf industry on the rate of earthworm cast formation was made. This showed no effect of construction on the vertical distribution of earthworms, but the rate of casting increased on the sand dominated surfaces. It is proposed that this is due to the lower calorific value that this soil represents to the earthworms. This knowledge was applied in an earthworm cast mitigation experiment, reducing casting rates by stimulating the size of the microbial community with glucose solution. Control through physical exclusion of earthworms to the surface using a buried mesh was also trialled and significantly reduced earthworm casts, however no causal mechanism could be elucidated. This study has advanced the understanding of earthworm ecology on golf courses, deriving mechanistic understandings of this system as a whole. This will lead to a more environmentally sustainable approach to the control of earthworms on golf courses.

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15

Lambert, Daniel J. "Integrating sustainable landscape principles with golf course design : a case study demonstrating ecologically based recreation planning and design." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1074662.

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Golf course design, construction and maintenance began as a reflection of the natural landscape. Over time, however, golf course designs and settings sometimes have taken on artificial or unrealistic characteristics. Characteristics such as greens that can be mechanically moved to vary the difficulty of play (Hilton Head Country Club), traditional golf courses developed in the desert, and TPC (Tournament Players Championship) golf courses designed to accommodate additional spectators while limiting vegetation. Most of today's manicured courses also depend on the application of inorganic pesticides and fertilizers, deemed more efficient, but potentially harmful to golfers and the environment.This study examines three things: construction of a nine-hole golf course on a specified site without drastically changing current or natural conditions; on-going restoration efforts by a local area group/organization on that site; and the successful incorporation of additional user groups into the golf course setting.Through the use of four current site categories - Current Vegetation Survey, Slope Survey, Soil Survey, and Potential Hydrology Survey - determinations were made forproper hole location, potential wetland creation, adequate soil conditions for fairway creation, and vegetation succession. Each category was drafted on a clear 24" X 36" mylar sheet with the proposed site boundary drawn at 1"=200'-0" scale (for practical purposes concerning this creative project, the four 24" X 36" mylar sheets were reduced to an 8 1/2" x 11" format.) All four sheets (categories) were layed on top of each other in no particular order to produce a credible guide/map overlay of current site conditions of this sustainable and regenerative golf course design (see Appendix G, A58-A62 for the map overlay process used.) Location and design of the nine fairway holes successfully reflected all but a few of the standard golf layout practices. For example, golf holes to be laid out in a north/south direction, the inclusion of 'dog legs' and hole hazards, avoidance of steep slopes, and adherence to accepted lengths and sizes for greens, fairway holes and distances between holes.Creation of this unique golf course design was also contingent upon its accessibility to additional user groups and reduced golf car usage - unless golfers are physically challenged. These user groups include joggers, walkers, fishermen, cross-country skiers, campers, and hunters (when deemed appropriate.) The final Nine-Hole Golf Course Design Layout sheet included these additional user groups without intentionally interfering with the golfing activity. Thefinal design suggests adequate safety for those additional user groups according to the common precautions taken by golf courses. Such precautions include the location of signage displays to inform golfers of golf course safety policies, and buffer areas to protect persons in areas deemed most susceptible to stray golf shots. Standard golf course safety policies include: play at your own risk, the golfing establishment is not responsible/liable for personal injury induced by stray golf shots, and no joggers or walkers allowed on golf course. Further design study, perhaps, is needed to prevent any remote chance of injury from stray golf balls.To garner reaction towards the more sustainable/regenerative golf course, golfers self-described as average to good were asked to fill out a survey/questionnaire form. Approximately eighty forms were sent via mail and hand delivered to golfing establishments in Muncie, Indiana. Thirty-three responses were received. Results from the survey/questionnaire suggested that golfers would accept most of the aspects concerning natural/organic maintenance practices and the limited use of golf cars, but were concerned with the possibility of slower play due to increased roughs, wetlands and safety hazards. The survey/questionnaire also revealed that golfers had a negative response toward additional costs associated with organic maintenance practices and with safety for additional user groups. Nevertheless, respondents overall were very interested in ideas promoting a more ecologically safe golfing activity. Although the golfers who responded said they would participate on such a golf course setting, until such a golf course is designed and built, it remains to be seen whether they would accept such a venue.<br>Department of Landscape Architecture

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16

Arduíno, Joana Moniz. "Manutenção do campo de golfe. A importância da sua gestão ambiental." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5641.

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Mestrado em Arquitectura Paisagista - Instituto Superior de Agronomia<br>The evolution of the golf courses design has neglected the initial concept of sustainability, due to the emergence of a style that ignored the natural shape and the existing forms of the land. Such style has been considered responsible for the increase of the environmental impacts associated with maintenance activities. The current challenge is to make golf more sustainable by applying a proper environmental management, which plays a vital role and is essential to its success, contributing to the achievement of environmental and economic goals. In this thesis one aims to demonstrate the importance of environmental management in maintaining a golf course. ISO 14001 concepts and GEO requirements will be applied in the management of the Oeiras golf course. The use of GEO OnCourseTM standards, specific for golf courses, will allow the certification of the implemented procedures. Collectively, the use of these strategies will allow the reduction of environmental impacts, in addition to enhancing the preservation of natural areas, protection of soil and water resources, environmental awareness of golfers and the general public, and the minimization of maintenance costs.

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17

Cheung, Simon, and 張業文. "To discover the common grounds between the concerned parties of golf course developments." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259388.

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18

Tabart, Nicholas James. "Green and fairways? : the political ecology of golf /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envt112.pdf.

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19

Proctor, Christopher Arthur. "Cultivation and topdressing sand color effects on creeping bentgrass golf greens." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2009/c_proctor_120109.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in crop science)--Washington State University, December 2009.<br>Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 4, 2010). "Department of Crop and Soil Sciences." Includes bibliographical references.

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20

Hudson, Michael J. "An examination into the development of golf courses in Nova Scotia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0007/MQ36471.pdf.

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21

Lindsay, Della Elizabeth. "Conservation potential and patch dynamics of lowland heath on golf courses." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407849.

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22

Bennett, Roger. "Golf courses : their amenity and environmental impact in England and Wales." Thesis, University of York, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362046.

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23

Daly, Emeline Hope. "Phenology and Management of Annual Bluegrass Weevil on Virginia Golf Courses." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104174.

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Annual bluegrass weevil (Listronotus maculicollis Kirby) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (ABW) is a major pest of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) on golf courses in the northeastern United States. The asynchronous life cycle makes managing ABW difficult, putting emphasis on scouting to achieve accurate insecticide timing and acceptable control. Little is known about the biology and management of ABW in Virginia's more temperate climate. Reported cases of ABW resistance to pyrethroids (IRAC Group 3) continues to grow in the northeast, yet no pyrethroid-resistance cases have been reported in Virginia outside of the metropolitan Washington, D.C. For this thesis, I confirmed the widespread distribution of ABW across Virginia with a survey of golf course superintendents. Two golf courses in southwestern Virginia were monitored weekly during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons to determine the seasonal biology of ABW within this region. These data suggest that overwintering ABW emerge much earlier than described in the northeast, with adult weevil activity beginning in late February or early March. I observed three complete ABW generations, with a potential fourth generation. Soil plugs from the same two golf courses were used to compare the salt floatation and Berlese-Tullgren funnel methods of larval extraction. The methods were highly correlated (R2 = 0.7856), suggesting either method is appropriate for ABW larval extraction. Bioassays conducted on adult ABW from the same two golf courses showed that field rate concentrations of the pyrethroid bifenthrin showed variable mortality ranging from 20% to 80% suggesting the presence of resistance genes in the population. A 100-fold rate of bifenthrin resulted in 100% mortality of ABW, however. Because cross-resistance has been reported among northeastern ABW populations, the common insecticide active ingredients chlorpyrifos (IRAC Group 1B: Organophosphate), trichlorfon (IRAC Group 1B: Organophosphate), λ-cyhalothrin (IRAC Group 3: Pyrethroid), α-cypermethrin (IRAC Group 3: Pyrethroid), imidacloprid (IRAC Group 4A: Neonicotinoid), and spinosad (IRAC Group 5: Spinosyn), were tested on ABW adults. In another bioassay, two organophosphates, trichlorfon and chlorpyrifos, resulted in significantly higher ABW mortality rates than all other labeled insecticides (P < 0.0001). Two other larvicides, spinosad and α-cypermethrin, also exhibited adult control, an important factor to consider for ABW management and preventing pyrethroid-resistance. These results provide valuable insight into the seasonal biology and management of ABW in Virginia and direction for further investigation into these populations.<br>Master of Science in Life Sciences<br>Annual bluegrass weevil (Listronotus maculicollis Kirby) (ABW) is a tiny, but damaging insect pest of cool-season golf course turfgrasses in the northeastern United States. As pest populations have spread southward, ABW has become an emerging pest in Virginia. The objectives of this thesis were to 1) determine the geographic distribution and seasonal biology of ABW in Virginia, 2) compare two methods for extracting ABW larvae from turf cores in order to estimate larval densities, and 3) to assess the susceptibility of ABW to various insecticides commonly used by golf course superintendents. A survey of golf course superintendents in 2019 revealed widespread prevalence of ABW across Virginia, particularly in areas growing predominantly cool-season turfgrasses. Two golf courses in southwestern Virginia were monitored weekly during the growing seasons of 2019 and 2020 to determine the seasonal biology of ABW. Data suggest that overwintering ABW emerge much earlier than reported in the northeast, with adult weevil activity beginning in late February or early March compared to April in the northeast. In addition, I detected three complete ABW generations, with a possible fourth generation occurring. Soil plugs from two golf courses were used to compare a heat extraction method using a Berlese-Tullgren funnel with the traditional salt float method for extraction of ABW larvae. The two methods extracted similar numbers of ABW larvae suggesting that either method is appropriate for ABW larval extraction. Adult ABW from the same two golf courses were collected and subjected to the pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin at 0.128 kg ai ha-1 (field application rate), 1.28 kg ai ha-1 (10-fold rate), 12.8 kg ai ha-1 (100-fold rate), along with a water control. Results indicated that the field application rate of bifenthrin killed > 50% but <90% of ABW adults, suggesting that some resistance may be present in the population. A concentration of 100-fold bifenthrin field rate killed 100% of tested individuals, suggesting that widescale field resistance to pyrethroids is likely not present. Because cross-resistance has been reported among northeastern ABW populations, the common insecticide active ingredients chlorpyrifos (IRAC Group 1B: Organophosphate), trichlorfon (IRAC Group 1B: Organophosphate), λ-cyhalothrin (IRAC Group 3: Pyrethroid), α-cypermethrin (IRAC Group 3: Pyrethroid), imidacloprid (IRAC Group 4A: Neonicotinoid), and spinosad (IRAC Group 5: Spinosyn), were tested on ABW adults from the same two golf courses. Two organophosphates, trichlorfon, a larvicide, and chlorpyrifos resulted in significantly higher ABW mortality rates than all other active ingredients (P < 0.0001). Two other larvicides, spinosad and α-cypermethrin, also exhibited adult control, an important factor to consider when attempting to manage ABW and preventing resistance to pyrethroids. Our results provide valuable insight into the seasonal biology and management of ABW in Virginia and direction for further investigation into these populations.

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24

Bucknor, Lorna. "Environmental quality monitoring at five golf courses in Miami-Dade County." FIU Digital Commons, 2002. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2328.

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Five golf courses in Miami-Dade County, Florida participated in a one year monitoring study to investigate the environmental impact of agrichemical turf management activities. Groundwater, soil, surface water, and sediments were sampled quarterly at the golf courses in 1997. Ground and surface water were sampled for 51 pesticide residues (including arsenic), nitrates, and phosphates. Soil and sediments were sampled for arsenic. Arsenic was the main contaminant of interest. Seventy-five percent of soil samples exceeded the Florida residential soil cleanup target level (CTL) while thirty-two percent of shallow groundwater samples exceeded the maximum contaminant level (MCL). Five other pesticide residues were detected in groundwater, but only one exceeded the MCL. Pesticide residues were also detected in surface water. Nitrates were found in ground and surface water, twenty-one percent of groundwater samples exceeded the federal health advisory level.

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25

Hau, Chi-hang, and 侯智恆. "The Social and environmental impacts of golf course development in Hong Kong and ways to improve its environmental standards." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31252837.

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26

Lam, Ding Brian, and 林鼎. "Golf course and resort development: design oncoastal landscape of northern Lantau Island." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009569.

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27

Ok, Chang-Ho. "Amendments and construction systems for improving the performance of sand-based putting greens /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091950.

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28

Tolley, Mike Patrick. "Bionomics of the frit fly, Oscinella frit (L.) (Diptera: Chloropidae), on golf course turfgrass in Ohio /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487330761216004.

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29

Frank, Steven D. "Evaluation of conservation strips as a conservation biological control technique on golf courses." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/129.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2003.<br>Thesis research directed by: Entomology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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30

Boyce, Kathleen Loretta. "A Blanket Of Smoke Over Urban America/Caddies On Early American Golf Courses." W&M ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1593092030.

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A Blanket of Smoke Over Urban America: Early Connections Between Industrialization and the Environment in the Progressive Era This essay examines the smoke abatement movements in the United States as a result of the volume of smoke output by industrial cities during the Progressive Era. The anti-smoke and anti-pollution movements of this era fit within a growing national environmental consciousness, and the urban environmental movements also fit within the context of progressive reform movements, particularly those championed by women. Smoke abatement became a women's issue. The dominant narrative of these women's efforts in smoke abatement has focused on women's moral reform language coming from feminine perspectives and the domestic sphere. In initiating the smoke abatement movement, women were inserting themselves into politics and demonstrated that they cared about the environmental pollution of their cities. The smoke abatement movement made headlines thanks to the women who forced the issue to the forefront of American consciousness. Simultaneously occurring during the Gilded Age and Progressive Era was the developing science and growing awareness around the world on the connection between human pollution and a future warming climate. The smoke abatement movement, led by women, did not exist within a vacuum, but was engaging critically with scientists, doctors, engineers, and politicians of the time. Caddies on Early American Golf Courses: A Tradition Like Every Other This essay examines the relationship between golfers and their caddies. The paper uses golf as a lens to examine broader themes of race and class in during the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. The paper begins by addressing the rise of recreation and country club culture in the United States at the turn of the twentieth century. Caddies became an essential aspect of golf and country clubs; the wealthy recreational golfers enjoyed having young lower-class boys carry their clubs for them throughout the course. These caddies often came from poor and minority families, such as Indian tribes, immigrants, or African Americans. While the caddies are abundantly present throughout the primary documents, they are absent from the historiography. Numerous documents portray the relationship between golfer and caddy in largely negative and comedic light. Caddies are often shown as foolish, numerous images show the caddies being beaten with golf clubs, and some African American and Indian caddies are advertised as part of the experience a wealthy white person would have when golfing in the South or the West. Some caddies chose to strike as a result of their treatment. The paper demonstrates how this is a topic in need of further exploration.

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31

Wright, John J. "Augmenting a National Register nomination for the Augusta National Golf Club course." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1033629.

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This study has presented a thorough investigation of the integrity and the significance of the Augusta National Golf Club Course from 1934 to the present. The golf course still reflects the design philosophy of Alistair Mackenzie. Design features that have been retained provide this evidence. The hillocks and hollows in the golf course were identified to show Mackenzie's influence in the golf course of today. Changes have been made to Mackenzie's original design. Some changes caused great strategic and aesthetic differences in the golf course. Other changes were necessary due to the spectator and the demands of providing optimum on-site viewing of the Masters Tournament held anually at the Augusta National Golf Club Course. The modifications to the course were responses to the evolving game of golf as played in 1934 as compared to 1996. The significance of the golf course with respect to its Master Designer, Alistair Mackenzie, was shown to be sufficient to warrant the augmentation of its National Register status. Treatment of the landscape is suggested based on the criteria set forth in the study.<br>Department of Landscape Architecture

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32

Wyman, David. "A million dollar view : a spatial hedonic model of the reserve at Lake Keowee, South Carolina." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=174682.

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A spatial hedonic model was constructed for a lakefront golf course community in South Carolina. Geographic information system (GIS) analysis classified 589 vacant lots into eight different view categories including golf course, mountain, and lake views. The OLS results confirm a hierarchy in the pricing of views with premiums ranging from 42% to 54% for golf course views, 94% to 133% for lake views, and 131 %to 305% for lakefront lots. Spatial variables including the slope of a lot, length of shoreline, and proximity to the lakeside village were also found to be statistically significant variables influencing the value of the property. Other spatial variables were found to be statistically insignificant including view aspect and length of golf course frontage. Tests for spatial autocorrelation were conducted for the 589 properties utilizing spatial lag and spatial error models. Both spatial models were statistically superior compared to the original OLS model. The diagnostic tools indicate that the modeling of the spatial errors using a maximum likelihood framework produces a statistically significant model that improves goodness-of-fit indicators compared to an alternative spatial lag model. These results confirm the importance of modeling spatial errors. The period of study, from 2000 to 2010, was a decade of turbulence in the real estate market on Lake Keowee. The empirical evidence indicates the emergence of a speculative bubble that reached its crescendo in 2005/2006 with median real estate prices doubling in a five year period. This study examines the role of launch marketing tactics as a price amplifier by creating an urgency to buy in response to a systematic increase in property prices and simultaneously limiting supply by restricting lot sales to 30% of reservations. Finally, the study illustrates that the construction of golf courses is no panacea to the problems confronting today's residential real estate developers. The results suggest that communities based on waterfront properties may have greater potential price growth in strong markets and resiliency in weak markets. Further research is warranted to understand the changing role of golf courses in the 21st century.

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33

Hudson, Marie-Anne. "Factors affecting avian communities breeding on golf courses and green spaces in Montreal, Quebec." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86685.

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Recently, factors influencing avian community composition and nest survival in an increasingly urbanized landscape have received much attention. Despite this research, much is still unknown regarding the capacity of privately owned and managed golf courses to support diverse breeding bird communities and provide safe nesting grounds. My overall objective was to compare avian communities and nest success rates of open-cup nesting passerines on golf courses and green spaces to determine whether golf courses support breeding bird communities as effectively as other types of suburban green space. Breeding bird communities were assessed on six golf courses and six green spaces in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. There was no difference in the mean number of bird species between golf courses and green spaces. However, species composition differed and was most correlated with site size, housing density surrounding the site, and the extent of coniferous tree, grass, and vegetated water cover. Nesting density, survival rates, productivity data and nest-site characteristics of several common open-cup nesting passerines were also compared between a subset of these sites (four golf courses and two green spaces) from 2003-2005. Species-specific differences in nest success rates were found between golf courses and green spaces. Nest survival of upland-nesting species was influenced by year, the type of nesting substrate and its arrangement, and the interaction of these two variables. American Robin (Turdus migratorius) nest success was not influenced by any of the measured variables, whereas Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) nest survival showed variation based on nest age and nest concealment. Non-viable eggs of five species were analysed for organochlorine and polychlorinated biphenyl compounds to determine if they contained traces of these historically used chemicals. Thirty-two of the 191 compounds measured were detected in all egg samples, though most compounds were fou<br>Récemment, plusieurs projets de recherche ont étudié les facteurs influençant la composition des communautés aviaires et leur succès de nidification dans le milieu urbain. Malgré ces études, peu est connu sur la diversité des espèces d'oiseaux nichant sur les terrains de golf et sur leur succès de nidification. Mon objectif principal était de comparer les communautés aviaires et les succès de nidification de plusieurs espèces passériformes à nids ouverts sur des terrains de golf et des espaces verts. Le but était de déterminer si les terrains de golf peuvent supporter des communautés d'oiseaux nicheurs comme les autres types d'espaces verts en banlieue. Les communautés d'oiseaux nicheurs et les caractéristiques d'habitats ont été étudiées sur six terrains de golf et six espaces verts à Montréal, Québec, Canada. Il n'y avait pas de différence significative entre le nombre moyen d'espèces se trouvant sur les terrains de golf et sur les espaces verts. Cependant, la composition en espèces était différente, les facteurs expliquant le mieux cette différence étant la grandeur du site, le nombre de maisons autour du site, et les superficies occupées par les conifères, le gazon et les étendues d'eau couvertes de végétation. Les densités de nids, les taux de survie, les données sur la productivité et les caractéristiques des sites de nidification de plusieurs espèces passériformes à nids ouverts ont aussi été comparés entre quelques sites (quatre terrains de golf et deux espaces verts) entre 2003 et 2005. Des différences au niveau du succès de nidification de plusieurs espèces ont été observées entre les terrains de golf et les espaces verts. Le succès de nidification des espèces des terres émergées était influencé par l'année, le type de substrat utilisé pour le site de nidification, son agencement et l'interaction entre ces deux variables. Le succès de nidification du merle d'Amérique (Turdus migratorius)

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Ferreira, Ana Filipa Roque de Jesus. "Projeto de campos de golfe municipais. Aplicação prática no município de Santarém." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5464.

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Mestrado em Arquitectura Paisagista - Instituto Superior de Agronomia<br>In Portugal, for many, golf is still considered an elitist sport. This is due to the fact that in our country, until recently there were only top golf courses, usually associated with resorts where the fee that is paid for a round of golf this modality becomes inaccessible to much of the population. Such is not the case in other countries, such as UK, France or even our neighboring Spain, where there are infrastructure less showy, but with usage fees considerably lower than the municipal golf courses. Presently there are two municipal golf courses operating in the country, one in Cantanhede and the other in Jamor. These are the first contributions to that golf can be practiced by anyone regardless of their economic circumstances. This thesis is divided into four chapters. The first one is an introductory chapter to golf, speaking a bit of its history, as the field is made, some principles of the game and golf in Portugal, in order to introduce the concepts discussed in the thesis. The second chapter is about the architecture of golf courses in general, speaking of its historical evolution, the basic criteria for the design of a course and site selection, as do the design of the course of play, and then more specifically in the design of a golf hole, also the design of each of the components of the golf hole. The third chapter is already more specific municipal golf courses, introducing this concept, the existing typologies, the aspects to consider when designing a municipal golf course and existing examples in our country, which is the case with Jamor, Cidade universitária and Cantanhede. Finally, the fourth chapter deals with the practical application of this study to the municipality of Santarém. To this end, a territorial analysis is made to Santarém, selected a site for the project and this landscape is analyzed in order to better understand the dynamic nature of the site, allowing a map synthesis ability of the territory each component the golf course. From this overview map of suitability is then done the preliminary design of the golf course. This study is intended as a contribution to the dissemination of municipal golf courses, studying its architecture and all aspects to take into consideration as well as the specific characteristics in relation to a municipal golf course. This study also aims to contribute to the architecture landscape design of golf courses, including the analysis of the local landscape. The practical application of this thesis aims at a project that is both efficient in terms of play and follow the practices used in golf course architecture, but also respecting the territory and its surroundings and all associated natural dynamics.

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Dowgiewicz, Jason M. "Inter- and Intra-Specific Variation in Wear Mechanisms in Agrostis: I. Wear Tolerance and Recovery Ii. Anatomical, Morphological and Physiological Characteristics." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/243/.

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Jackson, Allyson Kathleen. "Survival in an Urbanized Landscape: Radio-Tracking Fledgling Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia sialis) on Golf Courses." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626898.

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Wang, Xiaolu. "Exploring the Attitudes of Higher Learning Communities in the US Towards On-Campus Golf Courses." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1250032701.

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Santiago, Melissa Jo. "Conservation of red-headed woodpeckers (Malanerpeserythrocephalus) on Midwestern golf courses: a case study in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407507371.

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Barkley, David L., and Larry Simmons. "Contribution of the Golf Course Industry to the Arizona Economy." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/310783.

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Jordan, Katerina Serlemitsos. "The ecology of plant-parasitic nematodes and their antagonists on golf course greens turf in southern New England /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3188061.

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Meehan, Kristin. "Landscape scale correlates of fox squirrel (Sciurus niger) presence on golf courses in coastal South Carolina." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1181250764/.

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Dunnivant, William Edwin Guertal Elizabeth A. "Grooming frequency and spacing effects on a TifEagle bermudagrass putting green." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Agronomy_and_Soils/Thesis/Dunnivant_William_54.pdf.

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Dietz, Robert Joseph. "Guidelines for the Design and Development of Golf Courses Adjacent to Riparian Habitat in Semi-Arid Desert Landscapes." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192106.

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With the growth of golf has come polarity. Environmentalists have targeted this growth as a misuse of precious land resources, fostering environmental fragmentation. The golf industry has countered by promoting the local implementation of strict environmental guidelines designed to minimize golf's impact on natural resources. Attempts to secure a compromise between developers and environmentalists in Pima County, Arizona have been moderately successful. There, existing environmental golf development guidelines are broad and insufficient to protect a declining riparian habitat. The purpose of this study is to offer improved guidelines for the future development of golf courses in the southwestern United States near sensitive riparian habitat. A comparative analysis of two local case studies provides the key to the development of new guidelines for golf courses near riparian areas in desert landscapes. Guidelines proposed within this study offer planning, design, construction, and maintenance direction related to the development of regional golf courses.

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Wells, Sheryl McGaha Walker Robert Harold. "Granular forms of sodium and potassium azide as a nematicide for established turfgrasses." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1712.

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Van, Zyl Louise-Mari. "The Garden Route golfscape : a golfing destination in the rough." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1661.

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Regra, Ana Patrícia Salgado. "Introdução de bordaduras vegetais em campos de golfe. Caso de estudo: campo de golfe da Quinta do Peru." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4008.

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Mestrado em Arquitectura Paisagista - Instituto Superior de Agronomia<br>Golf is considered, today, as a model of great social impact, economic and relaxation. Thus, in this essay we proceded with a brief review of the world situation of golf, passing through it´s history as it´s model, trying to understand it´s origins, it´s evolution until the design of today’s model golf clubs. In this way, we can say that the association found with the activity of golf, a huge movement of capital, that, in many instances constitutes the main source of wealth for the local economy. As for the level of natural scope it becomes important to integrate the golf club with the evolving scenery, promoting the ecologic sustainability via the management of available natural sources. The present vegetation in the development of a golf club in Portugal (study in case) also was particularly taken in consideration, not only as a visual ecological enrichment (as an increase in greenery) of the field through the implantation of green areas with leaf plants as well as small shrubs, within these areas. Thus, in order that the proposed alteration presented here, coincide with the preference of the users players and or members of the club in this study and being accepted by the same a study was conducted with emphasys on the players preferences as in respect to the design, continuity, diversity, density, color and hight of the green

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Thawley, Mark Todd. "Techniques for improving established golf courses: Restoration, renovation, and redesign. An improvement plan for the Meadow Club (Fairfax, California)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278733.

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This study clearly defines and identifies the difference between the terms, restoration, renovation and redesign. In order to understand characteristics found on golf courses built in different eras, the history of golf course architecture has also been summarized. Research was gathered from eight courses that have recently completed some type of improvement project or that are currently undergoing improvements. The results show that the process of improving golf courses built before World War II differs considerably from improving those built after the War. Through neglect the former have lost many unique design characteristics and are therefore worthy of restoration. Based on the results of this study, key factors for successful restoration have been identified and applied to the Meadow Club, a course that is currently planning improvements. Built in 1927 the Meadow Club was originally designed by legendary golf architect, Alister Mackenzie.

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Atkins, Alexander. "An experimental assessment of the efficacy of falconry to mitigate human-wildlife conflict: Egyptian Geese Alopochen aegyptiaca at golf courses." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15501.

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Includes bibliographical references<br>Human-wildlife conflicts are increasing globally and are believed to be one of the most prevalent and intractable issues that face conservation biologists today. One such conflict is found on golf courses, where high numbers of geese can come into conflict with residents and members. In South Africa, the indigenous Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegyptiaca population has increased dramatically over recent years and as a result they are often seen as nuisance animals whose population requires active management. Most non-lethal methods of goose control have had little success due to habituation to their presence, whilst the use of lethal methods are often deemed socially unacceptable. In this study we experimentally investigated the efficacy of falconry as a management tool to mitigate human-wildlife conflict. We hypothesised that the use of falconry would re-establish a landscape of fear, whereby habitat choice is influenced by the perceived fear of predation, resulting in the local departure of geese to a safer habitat, thereby reducing the population of geese to a tolerable level. Absolute counts of geese and analysis of vigilance levels were conducted at three golf courses in the Western Cape which included two control sites and a treatment site. The results of the experiment indicate that goose abundance declined by 73% at the treatment site after falconry was initiated, and that this was well over the losses due to direct predation. Vigilance levels increased by 7 6% during the treatment period, with no such changes observed at either control site. Additionally, vigilance was higher when filmed from a golf buggy compared to when filmed on foot, which may suggest the geese also learned to associate the golf buggy with the threat of predation, enhancing the overall efficacy of the falconry. While there is a relatively small lethal aspect to falconry, the results of this study confirm that a reduction in the population of geese can be achieved by simulating the naturally occurring non-lethal effects of predation that have been lost in some habitats, as a result of anthropogenic changes to the landscape. To our knowledge, this is the first truly experimental test of the efficacy of falconry to reduce nuisance birds and these important ecological findings have relevance for techniques that people deploy for dealing with human wildlife conflict, particularly where lethal options are unfavourable.

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Valčiukaitė, Audronė. "Azotinių medžiagų dinamika skirtingo amžiaus golfo laukų dirvožemiuose." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110601_110008-11509.

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Magistro darbe tiriama azotinių medžiagų dinamikos dėsningumai skirtingo amžiaus ir priežiūros sąlygų golfo laukų dirvožemiuose. Darbo objektas – seniai naudojamo ir naujai įrengto golfo laukų dirvožemiai. 2009-2010 m. laikotarpyje senojo golfo lauko (16 ha) dirvožemiams tręšti sunaudota 3303,2 kg ha-1, o naujojo golfo lauko (140 ha) dirvožemiams – 5006 kg ha-1 trąšų, t.y. 1,5 karto daugiau. Darbo rezultatai. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, kad vidutiniai suminiai (Nb) ir mineralinio azoto (Nmin) kiekiai tirtuose senojo ir naujojo golfo laukų dirvožemiuose buvo 2-2,6 karto didesni nei vidutiniškai Lietuvos dirvožemiuose ir kito nuo 0,11 % naujojo iki 0,19 % senojo golfo laukų dirvožemiuose. Nmin senojo golfo lauko dirvožemyje vidutiniškai sudarė 17,98 mg kg-1 arba 0,94 % bendrojo N kiekio (Nb+Nmin), o naujojo golfo lauko dirvožemyje – 13,58 mg kg-1 arba 1,22 % Nb+Nmin. Amonio azoto (NH4-N) senojo golfo lauko dirvožemyje nustatyta vidutiniškai 1,69 ± 0,91 mg kg-1 arba 9,4 % Nmin. Naujojo golfo lauko dirvožemyje NH4-N sudarė 8,5 % Nmin ir buvo statistiškai reikšmingai (p<0,05) mažiau negu senojo golfo lauko. Nitritų azotas (NO2-N) sudarė 1,91 % Nmin naujojo golfo lauko dirvožemyje ir 2,11 % senojo golfo lauko dirvožemyje (skirtumai nereikšmingi, p>0,05). Nitratų azoto (NO3-N) senojo golfo lauko dirvožemyje nustatyta 88,5 % Nmin, o naujojo golfo lauko dirvožemyje – 89,6 % Nmin , tačiau DLK (130 mg kg-1 pagal NO) neviršijo. Priklausomai nuo vegetacijos sezoniškumo senojo golfo lauko... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Dynamics of nitrogen substances in soil of golf courses of various age and management conditions are investigated in the Master’s Thesis. Object of the work – soils of long-used and newly installed golf courses. In the year 2009-2010 3303.2 kg ha-1 of fertilizers were used to fertilize the soils of the old golf course (16 ha) and 5006 kg ha-1 of fertilizers were used for the soils of the new golf course (140 ha). Results of the work. The research disclosed that total (Nb) and mineral nitrogen (Nmin) contents in the soils of investigated old and new golf courses were 2-2,6 times more than mean Lithuanian soil Nb contents and varied in the range 0.11-0.19% . The Nmin content in the soil of the old golf course was 17.98 mg kg-1 or 0.94% of the total amount of N (Nb + Nmin), while the amount in the soil of the new golf course was 13.58 mg kg-1 or 1.22% Nb+Nmin. The mean amount of ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in the soil of the old golf course was 1.69 ± 0.91 mg kg-1 or 9.4%. NH4-N constituted 8.5% of the Nmin in the new golf course, and it was significantly less (p<0.05) than in the old one. The amount of nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) constituted 1.91% of Nmin in the soil of the new golf course and 2.11% in the old golf course, but difference insignificant (p>0.05). Amount of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) in the soil of the old golf course constituted 88.5% of Nmin, and in the new golf course – 89.6%of Nmin, but it did not exceed the MPC (130 mg kg-1 according to NO) (HN 60:2004)... [to full text]

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Kvídová, Petra. "Potenciál České republiky pro rozvoj golfové turistiky." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11991.

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The degree work leads off from theoretical terms, profile of czech golf tourism, treats of current situation of incoming golfers and institutions supporting the growth of czech golf tourism in the first chapter. In the second chapter, there is an analysis of the potencial, all of the golf courses in Czech republic are mentioned. The comparison of golf courses and evaluation of the potencial are in the last, third, chapter.

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